WO2006053628A1 - Liquid crystal compounds, liquid crystal medium and liquid crystal display - Google Patents
Liquid crystal compounds, liquid crystal medium and liquid crystal display Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006053628A1 WO2006053628A1 PCT/EP2005/011431 EP2005011431W WO2006053628A1 WO 2006053628 A1 WO2006053628 A1 WO 2006053628A1 EP 2005011431 W EP2005011431 W EP 2005011431W WO 2006053628 A1 WO2006053628 A1 WO 2006053628A1
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- Prior art keywords
- compounds
- atoms
- independently
- group
- alkyl
- Prior art date
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title abstract description 45
- -1 1 ,4-phenylen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 116
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 45
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000876 trifluoromethoxy group Chemical group FC(F)(F)O* 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003302 alkenyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 67
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- WCLNGBQPTVENHV-MKQVXYPISA-N cholesteryl nonanoate Chemical compound C([C@@H]12)C[C@]3(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)CC[C@H]3[C@@H]1CC=C1[C@]2(C)CC[C@H](OC(=O)CCCCCCCC)C1 WCLNGBQPTVENHV-MKQVXYPISA-N 0.000 description 21
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 20
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 11
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 11
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000399 optical microscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- UWCWUCKPEYNDNV-LBPRGKRZSA-N 2,6-dimethyl-n-[[(2s)-pyrrolidin-2-yl]methyl]aniline Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1NC[C@H]1NCCC1 UWCWUCKPEYNDNV-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004990 Smectic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000013058 crude material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000005529 alkyleneoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000003098 cholesteric effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000004786 difluoromethoxy group Chemical group [H]C(F)(F)O* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000004493 2-methylbut-1-yl group Chemical group CC(C*)CC 0.000 description 2
- FZHZPYGRGQZBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CCCC(CO)CO FZHZPYGRGQZBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004975 3-butenyl group Chemical group C(CC=C)* 0.000 description 2
- 0 CC(B(OC1)OCC1(*)C(C)(*)c1ccc(C(C)(C)*)cc1)(C)c1ccc(C(C)(C)c2cc(*)c(C(Oc3cc(*)c(*)c(*)c3)(F)F)c(*)c2)cc1 Chemical compound CC(B(OC1)OCC1(*)C(C)(*)c1ccc(C(C)(C)*)cc1)(C)c1ccc(C(C)(C)c2cc(*)c(C(Oc3cc(*)c(*)c(*)c3)(F)F)c(*)c2)cc1 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JRNVZBWKYDBUCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-chlorosuccinimide Chemical compound ClN1C(=O)CCC1=O JRNVZBWKYDBUCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M acrylate group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)[O-] NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002012 dioxanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M methacrylate group Chemical group C(C(=C)C)(=O)[O-] CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005004 perfluoroethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- HCMJWOGOISXSDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-isothiocyanato-1-phenylethyl)benzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(CN=C=S)C1=CC=CC=C1 HCMJWOGOISXSDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PPTXVXKCQZKFBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N (S)-(-)-1,1'-Bi-2-naphthol Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(C3=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=C3O)=C(O)C=CC2=C1 PPTXVXKCQZKFBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001140 1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:2])=C([H])C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFUWTUIVNISCGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-methylphenyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C(CO)CO)C=C1 VFUWTUIVNISCGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKAQAUWVYATRHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-propylcyclohexyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CCCC1CCC(C(CO)CO)CC1 YKAQAUWVYATRHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUQJQIIZSJZMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-fluoro-4-(4-fluorophenyl)phenyl]-5-propyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinane Chemical compound O1CC(CCC)COB1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)C(F)=C1 MUQJQIIZSJZMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BECKQKFCKXPZRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[difluoro-(3,4,5-trifluorophenoxy)methyl]-3,5-difluorophenyl]-5-(4-methylphenyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborinane Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C1COB(C=2C=C(F)C(=C(F)C=2)C(F)(F)OC=2C=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C=2)OC1 BECKQKFCKXPZRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTXPQSNNYSCDJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[difluoro-(3,4,5-trifluorophenoxy)methyl]-3,5-difluorophenyl]-5-(4-propylcyclohexyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborinane Chemical compound C1CC(CCC)CCC1C1COB(C=2C=C(F)C(=C(F)C=2)C(F)(F)OC=2C=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C=2)OC1 LTXPQSNNYSCDJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOUFGHCSPHGBKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[difluoro-(3,4,5-trifluorophenoxy)methyl]-3,5-difluorophenyl]-5-propyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinane Chemical compound O1CC(CCC)COB1C1=CC(F)=C(C(F)(F)OC=2C=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C=2)C(F)=C1 IOUFGHCSPHGBKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSKYSDCYIODJPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)(CO)CO DSKYSDCYIODJPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004200 2-methoxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005916 2-methylpentyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001331 3-methylbutoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005917 3-methylpentyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YQSMCOUMXKZOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-butyl-2-[4-[difluoro-(3,4,5-trifluorophenoxy)methyl]-3,5-difluorophenyl]-5-ethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinane Chemical compound O1CC(CCCC)(CC)COB1C1=CC(F)=C(C(F)(F)OC=2C=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C=2)C(F)=C1 YQSMCOUMXKZOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006043 5-hexenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 241000167857 Bourreria Species 0.000 description 1
- QRMPKOFEUHIBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1CCC(C)CC1 Chemical compound CC1CCC(C)CC1 QRMPKOFEUHIBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YEJCHVFCLNKZPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1COC(C)CC1 Chemical compound CC1COC(C)CC1 YEJCHVFCLNKZPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJQAWQSNMXLUDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1COCOC1 Chemical compound CC1COCOC1 QJQAWQSNMXLUDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBXFIXSFKULBOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc1cc(F)c(C)c(F)c1 Chemical compound Cc1cc(F)c(C)c(F)c1 HBXFIXSFKULBOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940126062 Compound A Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000035859 Drug effect increased Diseases 0.000 description 1
- JNCMHMUGTWEVOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N F[CH]F Chemical compound F[CH]F JNCMHMUGTWEVOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150026303 HEX1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100035593 POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710084414 POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OWVIRVJQDVCGQX-VSGBNLITSA-N [(4r,5r)-5-[hydroxy(diphenyl)methyl]-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]-diphenylmethanol Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)([C@H]1[C@@H](OC(O1)(C)C)C(O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 OWVIRVJQDVCGQX-VSGBNLITSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WAGIQBGIMWYOPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-fluoro-4-(4-fluorophenyl)phenyl]boronic acid Chemical compound FC1=CC(B(O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 WAGIQBGIMWYOPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005055 alkyl alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZDZHCHYQNPQSGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N binaphthyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 ZDZHCHYQNPQSGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005569 butenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004744 butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- JHAYEQICABJSTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N decoquinate Chemical group N1C=C(C(=O)OCC)C(=O)C2=C1C=C(OCC)C(OCCCCCCCCCC)=C2 JHAYEQICABJSTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001028 difluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005678 ethenylene group Chemical group [H]C([*:1])=C([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003754 ethoxycarbonyl group Chemical group C(=O)(OCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005745 ethoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000374 eutectic mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VUWZPRWSIVNGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound F[CH2] VUWZPRWSIVNGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004785 fluoromethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])(F)O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001160 methoxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000004184 methoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003566 oxetanyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005740 oxycarbonyl group Chemical group [*:1]OC([*:2])=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000002958 pentadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001148 pentyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000006410 propenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004742 propyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiocyanic acid Chemical compound SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
- C07F5/02—Boron compounds
- C07F5/025—Boronic and borinic acid compounds
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- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/40—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur, e.g. silicon, metals
- C09K19/404—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur, e.g. silicon, metals containing boron or phosphorus
Definitions
- Liquid Crystal Compounds Liquid Crystal Medium and Liquid Crystal Display
- the present invention relates to mesogenic compounds, mesogenic media and to electro-optical displays comprising these mesogenic media as light modulation media, in particular to displays, which are operated at a temperature at which the mesogenic modulation media are in an optically isotropic phase, preferably in a blue phase.
- Electro-optical displays and mesogenic light modulation media, which are in the isotropic phase when being operated in the display are described in DE 102 17 273 A. Electro-optical displays, and mesogenic light modulation media, which are in the so-called blue phase, when being operated in the display are described in DE 103 13 979.6, which is not yet laid open.
- the mesogenic media and displays described in these references provide several significant advantages compared to well-known and widely used displays using liquid crystals in the nematic phase, like for example liquid crystal displays (LCDs) operating in the twisted nematic (TN)-, the super twisted nematic (STN)-, the electrically controlled birefringence (ECB)- mode with its various modifications and the in-pjane switching (IPS)-mode.
- LCDs liquid crystal displays
- TN twisted nematic
- STN super twisted nematic
- ECB electrically controlled birefringence
- IPS in-pjane switching
- the displays of DE 102 17 273.0 and DE 103 13 979.6 are much easier to produce For example, they do not require a very thin cell gap and the electro-optical effect is not very sensitive to small variations of the cell gap.
- the liquid crystal media described in these mentioned patent applications still require operating voltages, which are not low enough for some applications. Further the operating voltages of these media vary with temperature, and it is generally observed, that at a certain temperature the voltage dramatically increases with increasing temperature. This limits the applicability of liquid crystal media in the blue phase for display applications.
- a further disadvantage of the liquid crystal media described in these patent applications is their moderate reliability which is insufficient for very demanding applications. This moderate reliability may be for example expressed in terms of the voltage holding ratio parameter (VHR), which in liquid crystal media as described above may be below 90%.
- VHR voltage holding ratio parameter
- a modulation medium with a blue phase with a wide phase range which may be achieved either by an appropriate mixture of mesogenic compounds themselves or, preferably by mixing a host mixture with appropriate mesogenic properties with a single dopant or a mixture of dopants that stabilises the blue phase over a wide temperature range.
- liquid crystal media which can be operated in liquid crystal displays, which are operated at temperatures where the media is in the blue phase, which provide the following technical improvements: a reduced operating voltage, a reduced temperature dependency of the operating voltage and an improved reliability, e.g. VHR.
- R 11 and R 12 are, independently of each other, H or alkyl, which is straight chain or branched, preferably has 1 to 20 C- atoms, most preferably 1 to 12 C-atoms, is unsubstituted, mono- or poly-substituted by F, Cl, Br, I or CN, and in which one or more non-adjacent CH 2 groups are optionally replaced, in each case independently from one another, by -O-, -S-, -NH-, -
- NR 01 -, -SiR 01 R 02 -, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -OCO-O-, -S- CO-, -CO-S-, -CY 01 CY 02 - or -C ⁇ C- in such a manner that O and/or S atoms are not linked directly to one another, preferably H, n-alkyl, n-alkoxy with 1 to 7 C- atoms preferably 2 to 5 C-atoms, alkenyl, alkenyloxy or alkoxyalkyl with 2 to 7 C-atoms, preferably with 2 to 5 C- atoms or CN, NCS, halogen, preferably F, Cl, halogenated alkyl, alkenyl or alkoxy, preferably mono-, di- or oligo-fluorinated alkyl, alkenyl or alkoxy, especially preferred CF 3 , OCF 2 H or OCF 3 , or one of R 11 and
- R 12 denotes or both denote independently of each other PG-SG, most preferably R 12 is H or alkyl with 1 to 12 C- atoms,
- R 01 and R 02 are, independently of each other, H or alkyl with 1 to 12
- PG is a polymerisable or reactive group
- SG is a spacer group or a single bond
- Y 01 and Y 02 are, independently of each other, F, Cl or CN, and alternatively one of them may be H,
- X has one of the meanings given for R and preferably is a polar endgroup and most preferably is CN, OCF 3 , CF 3 , F or Cl, and
- n and n are, independently of each other, O or 1 , are suitable to considerably enhance the range of temperatures over which the blue phase is stable or even induce a blue phase in respective mesogenic hosts, which do not show such a phase on their own.
- the mesogenic hosts are liquid crystalline hosts.
- Y /11 i to ⁇ ⁇ Y/14 are, independently of each other, H or F.
- n 0 and/or
- ring A is phenylene that is optionally substituted by one or more F- atoms or a cycloheylene and/or
- R 11 and/or R 12 is alkyl or alkoxy with 1 to 12, preferably 1 to 8 C- atoms, or alkenyl, alkenyloxy or alkynyl with 2 to 12, preferably 2 to 7 C-atoms and/or
- R 11 and/or R 12 preferably R 11 , is PG-SG- and/or
- SG is a single bond and/or m + n is 0 or 1 and/or R 12 is H or alkyl.
- R 12 has the meaning given above.
- An alkyl or an alkoxy radical i.e. an alkyl where the terminal CH 2 group is replaced by -O-, in this application may be straight-chain or branched. It is preferably straight-chain, has 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 carbon atoms and accordingly is preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentoxy, hexoxy, heptoxy, or octoxy, furthermore methyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, nonoxy, decoxy, undecoxy, dodecoxy, tridecoxy or tetradecoxy, for example.
- alkenyl groups are C 2 -C 7 -I E-alkenyl, C 4 -C 7 -3E- alkenyl, C 5 -C 7 -4-alkenyl, C 6 -C 7 -5-alkenyl and C 7 -6-alkenyl, in particular C 2 -C 7 -I E-alkenyl, C 4 -C 7 -3E-alkenyl and C 5 -C 7 -4-alkenyl.
- alkenyl groups are vinyl, 1 E-propenyl, 1 E-butenyl, 1 E-pentenyl, 1 E-hexenyl, 1 E-heptenyl, 3-butenyl, 3E-pentenyl, 3E-hexenyl, 3E-heptenyl, 4-pentenyl, 4Z-hexenyl, 4E-hexenyl, 4Z-heptenyl, 5-hexenyl, 6-heptenyl and the like. Groups having up to 5 C atoms are generally preferred.
- these radicals are preferably neighboured. Accordingly these radicals together form a carbonyloxy group -CO-O- or an oxycarbonyl group -O-CO-.
- an alkyl group is straight-chain and has 2 to 6 C atoms.
- a alkyl or alkenyl group that is monosubstituted by CN or CF 3 is preferably straight-chain.
- the substitution by CN or CF 3 can be in any desired position.
- alkyl or alkenyl group that is at least monosubstituted by halogen it is preferably straight-chain.
- Halogen is preferably F or Cl, in case of multiple substitution preferably F.
- the resulting groups include also perfluorinated groups.
- the F or Cl substituent can be in any desired position, but is preferably in ⁇ -position.
- Examples for especially preferred straight-chain groups with a terminal F substituent are fluormethyl, 2-fluorethyl, 3-fluorpropyl, 4-fluorbutyl, 5-fluorpentyl, 6-fluorhexyl and 7-fluorheptyl. Other positions of F are, however, not excluded.
- Halogen means F, Cl, Br and I and is preferably F or Cl, most preferably F.
- Each of R 11 and R 12 may be a polar or a non-polar group.
- a polar group it is preferably selected from CN, SF 5 , halogen, OCH 3 , SCN, COR 5 , COOR 5 or a mono- oligo- or polyfluorinated alkyl or alkoxy group with 1 to 4 C atoms.
- R 5 is optionally fluorinated alkyl with 1 to 4, preferably 1 to 3 C atoms.
- polar groups are selected of F, Cl, CN, OCH 3 , COCH 3 , COC 2 H 5 , COOCH 3 , COOC 2 H 5 , CF 3 , CHF 2 , CH 2 F, OCF 3 , OCHF 2 , OCH 2 F, C 2 F 5 and OC 2 F 5 , in particular F, Cl, CN, CF 3 , OCHF 2 and OCF 3 .
- a non-polar group it is preferably alkyl with up to 15 C atoms or alkoxy with 2 to 15 C atoms.
- R 11 and R 12 may be an achiral or a chiral group. In case of a chiral group it is preferably of formula I * :
- Q 1 is an alkylene or alkylene-oxy group with 1 to 9 C atoms or a single bond
- Q 2 is an alkyl or alkoxy group with 1 to 10 C atoms which may be unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted by F, Cl, Br or CN, it being also possible for one or more non-adjacent CH 2 groups to be replaced, in each case independently from one another, by -C ⁇ C-, -O-, -S-, -NH-, -N(CH 3 )-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -OCO-O-, -S-CO- or
- Q 3 is F, Cl, Br, CN or an alkyl or alkoxy group as defined for Q 2 but being different from Q 2 .
- the O atom is preferably adjacent to the chiral C atom.
- Preferred chiral groups of formula I* are 2-alkyl, 2-alkoxy, 2-methylalkyl, 2- methylalkoxy, 2-fluoroalkyl, 2-fluoroalkoxy, 2-(2-ethin)-alkyl, 2-(2-ethin)-alkoxy, 1 ,1 ,1-trifluoro-2-alkyl and 1 ,1 ,1 -trifluoro-2-alkoxy.
- achiral branched alkyl group may occasionally be of importance, for example, due to a reduction in the tendency towards crystallization.
- Branched groups of this type generally do not contain more than one chain branch.
- the polymerisable or reactive group PG is preferably selected from
- the spacer group SG all groups can be used that are known for this purpose to those skilled in the art.
- the spacer group SG is preferably of formula SG'-X, such that PG-SG- is PG-SG'-X-, wherein
- R 01 , R 02 , Y 01 and Y 02 have one of the respective meanings given above.
- X is preferably -O-, -S-, -OCH 2 -, -CH 2 O-, -SCH 2 -, -CH 2 S-, -CF 2 O-,
- Typical groups SG' are, for example, -(CH 2 ) P -, -(CH 2 CH 2 O) q -CH 2 CH 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2 -S-CH 2 CH 2 - or -CH 2 CH 2 -NH-CH 2 CH 2 - or -(SiR°R 00 -O)p-, with p being an integer from 2 to 12, q being an integer from 1 to 3 and R 0 , R 00 and the other parameters having the meanings given above.
- Preferred groups SG' are ethylene, propylene, butylene, pentylene, hexylene, heptylene, octylene, nonylene, decylene, undecylene, dodecylene, octadecylene, ethyleneoxyethylene, methyleneoxybutylene, ethylene-thioethylene, ethylene-N-methyl-iminoethylene, 1 -methylalkylene, ethenylene, propenylene and butenylene for example.
- SG 1 is a chiral group of formula I*':
- Q 4 is an alkylene or alkylene-oxy group with 1 to 10 C atoms or a single bond, being different from Q 1 ,
- each of the two polymerisable groups PG and the two spacer groups SG can be identical or different.
- liquid crystalline media according to the instant invention contain a compound A comprising, preferably predominantly consisting of and most preferably entirely consisting of compounds of formula I.
- the compounds of formula I preferably are prepared according to the following scheme.
- R 11 , R 12 , Y 11 , Y 12 , Y 13 , Y 14 and X have the respective meanings given above.
- R 11 , R 12 have the respective parameters given above.
- Comprising in this application means in the context of compositions that the entity referred to, e.g. the medium or the component, contains the compound or compounds in question, preferably in a total concentration of 10 % or more and most preferably of 20 % or more.
- Predominantly consisting, in this context, means that the entity referred to contains 80 % or more, preferably 90 % or more and most preferably 95 % or more of the compound or compounds in question.
- Entirely consisting, in this context, means that the entity referred to contains 98 % or more, preferably 99 % or more and most preferably 100.0 % of the compound or compounds in question.
- the concentration of the compounds according to the present application are contained in the media according to the present application preferably is in the range from 0.5% or more to 30% or less, more preferably in the range from 1% or more to 20% or less and most preferably in the range from 5% or more to 12% or less.
- the compounds of formula I are preferably selected from the group of sub- formulae 1-1 to I-6
- R 11 is alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, F or CN, preferably alkyl, and
- R 12 is alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl or alkynyl, preferably alkyl
- component A preferably in a concentration of 1 % to 25 % by weight, comprising, preferably predominantly consisting of and most preferably entirely consisting of, one compound or more compounds of the formula I given above and
- dielectrically positive component B comprising, preferably predominantly consisting of and most preferably entirely consisting of one compound or of more compounds of formula Il
- R 2 has the meaning given under formula I for R 11 ,
- a , A and A are, each independently of each other,
- Z 21 and Z 22 are, each independently of each other, a single bond
- X 2 is halogen, -CN, -NCS, -SF 5 , -SO 2 CF 3 , alkyi, alkenyl, alkenyloxy or alkylalkoxy or alkoxy radical each mono- or polysubstituted by CN and/or halogen,
- L 21 and L 22 are, each independently of each other, H or F, and
- n O, 1 or 2
- n 0, 1 , 2 or 3
- o 0, 1 or 2, preferably 0 or 1 and
- m + n + o is 3 or less, preferably 2 or less
- component C preferably in a concentration of 1 % to 25 % by weight, comprising, preferably predominantly consisting of and most preferably entirely consisting of one compound or of more compounds of formula III
- a, b, c and d are each independently of each other 0, 1 or 2, whereby
- a + b + c + d is 4 or less
- a 31 , A 32 , A 33 and A 34 are, each independently of each other; whereby each of A 31 , A 32 , A 33 and A 34 may have the same or a different meaning if present twice,
- Z 31 , Z 32 , Z 33 and Z 34 are, each independently of each other, a single bond
- X 3 is F, Cl, CF 3 , OCF 3 , CN, NCS 1 -SF 5 or -SO 2 -R 2 ,
- R x and R y are independently of each other hydrogen or an alkyl radical having from 1 to 7 carbon atoms; preferably R x and R y are both methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl, and
- R z is an alkyl radical having from 1 to 7 carbon atoms, said alkyl radical being unsubstituted or mono- or poly- substituted with halogen; preferably R z is CF 3 , C 2 F 5 or n-C 4 Fg and
- component D comprising one chiral compound or more chiral compounds with a HTP of ⁇ 20 ⁇ m.
- the inventive mixtures contain 1 -25 wt.%, preferably 2-20 wt.% and most preferably 3-15 wt.% of component A.
- Suitable chiral compounds of component D are those which have an absolute value of the helical twisting power of 20 ⁇ m or more, preferably of 40 ⁇ m or more and most preferably of 60 ⁇ m or more.
- the HTP is measured in MLD-6260 at a temperature of 2O°C.
- the chiral component D comprises preferably one or more chiral compounds which have a mesogenic structure and exhibit preferably one or more mesophases themselves, particularly at least one cholesteric phase.
- Preferred chiral compounds being comprised in the chiral component D are, inter alia, well known chiral dopants like cholesteryl- nonanoate (CN), R/S-811 , R/S-101 1 , R/S-201 1 , R/S-3011 , R/S-401 1 , R/S-5011 , CB-15 (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany).
- chiral dopants having one or more chiral moieties and one or more mesogenic groups or having one or more aromatic or alicyclic moieties forming, together with the chiral moiety, a mesogenic group. More preferred are chiral moieties and mesogenic chiral compounds disclosed in DE 34 25 503, DE 35 34 777, DE 35 34 778, DE 35 34 779, DE 35 34 780, DE 43 42 280, EP 01 038 941 and DE 195 41 820 that disclosure is incorporated within this application by way of reference.
- chiral binaphthyl derivatives as disclosed in EP 01 111 954.2, chiral binaphthol derivatives as disclosed in WO 02/34739, chiral TADDOL derivatives as disclosed in WO 02/06265 as well as chiral dopants having at least one fluorinated linker and one end chiral moiety or one central chiral moiety as disclosed in WO 02/06196 and WO 02/06195.
- the controlling medium of the present invention has a characteristic temperature, preferably a clearing point, in the range from about -30 °C to about 80 °C, especially up to about 55 °C.
- the inventive mixtures contain one or more (two, three, four or more) chiral compounds in the range of 1-25 wt.%, preferably 2-20 wt.%. Especially preferred are mixtures containing 3-15 wt.% of a chiral compound.
- the medium comprises one, two or more compounds of formula I;
- Component B preferably contains besides one compound ore more compounds of formula Il one ester compound or more ester compounds of the formula Z
- R z has the meaning given under formula I for R 11 ,
- X' is F 1 Cl, CN 1 NCS, OCF 3 , CF 3 or SF 5 .
- R z has the meaning given under formula Il for R 2 .
- the component B preferably contains additionally one or more compounds of formula N
- R has the meaning given under formula I for R 11 and preferably is alkyl or Alkyl-C ⁇ C,
- Alkyl is alkyl with 1 to 7 C-atoms, preferably n-alkyl, and
- n O or i .
- the component B preferably additionally comprises one or more compounds selected from the group of ester compounds of formulae
- R 0 has the meaning given for R 11 under formula I and preferably is alkyl
- the proportion of the compounds of the formulae E is preferably 10- 30% by weight, in particular 15 % to 25 %.
- the medium preferably comprises one compound or more compounds selected from the group of formulae Q-1 and Q-2
- R 0 has the meaning given for R 11 under formula I and n and m are, independently of each other 0 or 1.
- the medium preferably comprises one compound or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formulae Il in which R 0 is methyl.
- the medium preferably comprises one dioxane compound, two or more dioxane compounds, preferably one dioxane compound or two dioxane compounds, selected from the group of formulae Dx-1 and Dx-2
- R 0 has the meaning given for R 11 under formula It has been found that even a relatively small proportion of compounds of the formulae I mixed with conventional liquid-crystal materials, but in par ⁇ ticular with one or more compounds of the formulaell and III, results in a lower operating voltage and a broader operating temperature range. Preference is given, in particular, to mixtures which, besides one or more compounds of the formula I 1 comprise one or more compounds of the formula II, in particular compounds of the formula Il in which X 2 is F, Cl, CN, NCS, CF 3 or OCF 3 .
- the compounds of the formulae I to III are colourless, stable and readily miscible with one another and with other liquid-crystalline materials.
- the optimum mixing ratio of the compounds of the formulae I and Il and III depends substantially on the desired properties, on the choice of the components of the formulae I, Il and/or III, and on the choice of any other components that may be present. Suitable mixing ratios within the range given above can easily be determined from case to case.
- the total amount of compounds of the formulae I to III in the mixtures according to the invention is not crucial.
- the mixtures can therefore com ⁇ prise one or more further components for the purposes of optimisation of various properties.
- the observed effect on the operating voltage and the operating temperature range is generally greater, the higher the total concentration of compounds of the formulae I to III.
- the individual compounds of the formulae Il to III and their respective sub- formulae which can be used in the media according to the invention are either known or can be prepared analogously to the known compounds.
- the construction of the MLC display according to the invention from polarisers, electrode base plates and surface-treated electrodes corre ⁇ sponds to the conventional construction for displays of this type.
- the term conventional construction is broadly drawn here and also covers all derivatives and modifications of the MLC display, in particular including matrix display elements based on poly-Si TFT or MIM, however, particularly preferred are displays, which have electrodes on just one of the substrates, i.e. so called interdigital electrodes, as those used in IPS displays, preferably in one of the established structures.
- a significant difference between the displays according to the invention and the conventional displays based on the twisted nematic cell consists, however, in the choice of the liquid-crystal parameters of the liquid-crystal layer.
- the media according to the invention are prepared in a manner conven ⁇ tional per se.
- the components are dissolved in one another, advantageously at elevated temperature.
- the liquid-crystalline phases in accordance with the invention can be modified in such a way that they can be used in all types of liquid crystal display elements that have been disclosed hitherto. Additives of this type are known to the person skilled in the art and are described in detail in the literature (H. Kelker and R. Hatz, Handbook of Liquid Crystals, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, 1980).
- pleochroic dyes can be added for the preparation of coloured guest-host systems or substances can be added in order to modify the dielectric anisotropy, the viscosity and/or the alignment of the nematic phases.
- stabilisers and antioxidants can be added.
- the mixtures according to the invention are suitable for TN, STN, ECB and IPS applications and isotropic switching mode (ISM) applications.
- ISM isotropic switching mode
- Electro-optical devices that are operated or operable in an optically isotropic state recently have become of interest with respect to video, TV, and multi-media applications. This is because conventional liquid crystal displays utilizing electro-optical effects based on the physical properties of liquid crystals exhibit a rather high switching time which is undesired for said applications. Furthermore most of the conventional displays show a significant viewing angle dependence of contrast that in turn makes necessary measures to compensate this undesired property.
- German Patent Application DE 102 17 273 A1 discloses light controlling (light modulation) elements in which the mesogenic controlling medium for modulation is in the isotropic phase at the operating temperature.
- These light controlling elements have a very short switching time and a good viewing angle dependence of contrast.
- the driving or operating voltages of said elements are very often unsuitably high for some applications.
- German Patent Application DE 10241 301 yet unpublished describes specific structures of electrodes allowing a significant reduction of the driving voltages. However, these electrodes make the process of manufacturing the light controlling elements more complicated.
- the light controlling elements for example, disclosed in both DE 102 17 273 A1 and DE 102 41 301 show a significant temperature dependence.
- the electro-optical effect that can be induced by the electrical field in the controlling medium being in an optical isotropic state is most pronounced at temperatures close to the clearing point of the controlling medium.
- the light controlling elements have the lowest values of their characteristic voltages and, thus, require the lowest operating voltages.
- Typical values of the temperature dependence are in the range from about a few volts per centigrade up to about ten or more volts per centigrade.
- DE 102 41 301 describes various structures of electrodes for devices operable or operated in the isotropic state
- DE 102 17 273 A1 discloses isotropic media of varying composition that are useful in light controlling elements operable or operated in the isotropic state.
- the relative temperature dependence of the threshold voltage in these light controlling elements is at a temperature of 1 centigrade above the clearing point in the range of about 50%/centigrade. That temperature dependence decreases with increasing temperature so that it is at a temperature of 5 centigrade above the clearing point of about 10%/centigrade.
- the temperature dependence of the electro-optical effect is too high.
- the operating voltages are independent from the operating temperature over a temperature range of at least some centigrades, preferably of about 5 centigrades or more, even more preferably of about 10 centigrades or more and especially of about 20 centigrades or more.
- inventive mixtures are highly suitable as controlling media in the light controlling elements as described above and in DE 102 17 273 A1 , DE 102 41 301 and DE 102 536 06 and broaden the temperature range in which the operating voltages of said electro-optical operates.
- the optical isotropic state or the blue phase is almost completely or completely independent from the operating temperature.
- Liquid crystals having an extremely high chiral twist may have one or more optically isotropic phases. If they have a respective cholesteric pitch, these phases might appear bluish in a cell having a sufficiently large cell gap. Those phases are therefore also called “blue phases” (Gray and Goodby, “Smectic Liquid Crystals, Textures and Structures", Leonhard Hill, USA, Canada (1984)). Effects of electrical fields on liquid crystals existing in a blue phase are described for instance in H.S. Kitzerow, "The Effect of Electric Fields on Blue Phases", MoI. Cryst.
- inventive mixtures can be used in an electro-optical light controlling element which comprises
- said light controlling element is operated (or operable) at a temperature at which the controlling medium is in an optically isotropic phase when it is in a non-driven state.
- the controlling medium of the present invention has a characteristic temperature, preferably a clearing point, in the range from about -30 °C to about 80 °C, especially up to about 55 °C.
- the operating temperature of the light controlling elements is preferably above the characteristic temperature of the controlling medium said temperature being usually the transition temperature of the controlling medium to the blue phase; generally the operating temperature is in the range of about 0.1 ° to about 50 °, preferably in the range of about 0.1 ° to about 10 ° above said characteristic temperature. It is highly preferred that the operating temperature is in the range from the transition temperature of the controlling medium to the blue phase up to the transition temperature of the controlling medium to the isotropic phase which is the clearing point.
- the light controlling elements may also be operated at temperatures at which the controlling medium is in the isotropic phase. (For the purposes of the present invention the term "characteristic temperature" is defined as follows:
- characteristic temperature the temperature at this minimum is denoted as characteristic temperature.
- the transition temperature to the blue phase is denoted as characteristic temperature; in case there are more than one blue phase, the lowest transition temperature to a blue phase is denoted as characteristic temperature.
- characteristic temperature the transition temperature to the isotropic phase
- alky means, as long as it is not defined in a different manner elsewhere in this description or in the claims, straight-chain and branched hydrocarbon (aliphatic) radicals with 1 to 15 carbon atoms.
- the hydrocarbon radicals may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents being independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br 1 1 or CN.
- the dielectrics may also comprise further additives known to the person skilled in the art and described in the literature. For example, 0 to 5% of pleochroic dyes, antioxidants or stabilizers can be added.
- C denotes a crystalline phase
- S a smectic phase Sc a smectic C phase
- N a nematic phase
- I the isotropic phase
- BP the blue phase.
- V x denotes the voltage for X% transmission.
- V 10 denotes the voltage for 10% transmission
- V 100 denotes the voltage for 100% transmission (viewing angle perpendicular to the plate surface).
- t on denotes the switch-on time and ⁇ off (respectively ⁇ off ) the switch-off time at an operating voltage corresponding the value of V 100 , respectively of V max .
- the electro-optical data are measured in a TN cell at the 1 st minimum of transmission (i.e. at a value of 0.5 ⁇ m) at 20°C, unless expressly stated otherwise.
- the optical data are measured at 20°C, unless expressly stated otherwise.
- the light modulation media according to the present invention can comprise further liquid crystal compounds in order to adjust the physical properties.
- Such compounds are known to the expert.
- Their concentration in the media according to the instant invention is preferably 0 % to 30 %, more preferably 0 % to 20 % and most preferably 5 % to15 %.
- Preferably inventive media have a range of the blue phase or, in case of the occurrence of more than one blue phase, a combined range of the blue phases, with a width of 9° or more, preferably of 10° or more, more preferably of 15° or more and most preferably of 20° or more.
- this phase range at least from 1O°C to 30°C, most preferably at least from 10°C to 4O°C and most preferably at least from 0°C to 5O°C, wherein at least means, that preferably the phase extends to temperatures below the lower limit and at the same time, that it extends to temperatures above the upper limit.
- this phase range at least from 20°C to 40°C, most preferably at least from 3O°C to 8O°C and most preferably at least from 30°C to 9O°C.
- This embodiment is particularly suited for displays with a strong back light, dissipating energy and thus heating the display.
- dielectrically positive compounds describes compounds with ⁇ > 1.5
- dielectrically neutral compounds are compounds with -1.5 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1.5
- dielectrically negative compounds are compounds with ⁇ ⁇ -1.5.
- ⁇ is determined at 1 kHz and 20 °C.
- the dielectrical anisotropies of the compounds is determined from the results of a solution of 10 % of the individual compounds in a nematic host mixture.
- the capacities of these test mixtures are determined both in a cell with homeotropic and with homogeneous alignment.
- the cell gap of both types of cells is approximately 20 ⁇ m.
- the voltage applied is a rectangular wave with a frequency of 1 kHz and a root mean square value typically of 0.5 V to 1.0 V, however, it is always selected to be below the capacitive threshold of the respective test mixture.
- the mixture ZLI-4792 and for dielectrically neutral, as well as for dielectrically negative compounds are used as host mixture, respectively.
- the dielectric permittivities of the compounds are determined from the change of the respective values of the host mixture upon addition of the compounds of interest and are extrapolated to a concentration of the compounds of interest of 100 %.
- Components having a nematic phase at the measurement temperature of 20 °C are measured as such, all others are treated like compounds.
- threshold voltage refers in the instant application to the optical threshold and is given for 10 % relative contrast (V 10 ) and the term saturation voltage refers to the optical saturation and is given for 90 % relative contrast (V 90 ) both, if not explicitly stated otherwise.
- the capacitive threshold voltage V 0 , also called Freedericksz-threshold VF ⁇ ) is only used if explicitly mentioned.
- the threshold voltages, as well as all other electro- optical properties have been determined with test cells prepared at Merck KGaA, Germany.
- the test cells for the determination of ⁇ had a cell gap of 22 ⁇ m.
- the electrode was a circular ITO electrode with an area of 1.13 cm 2 and a guard ring.
- the orientation layers were lecithin for homeotropic orientation ( ⁇
- the capacities were determined with a frequency response analyser Solatron 1260 using a sine wave with a voltage of 0.3 or 0.1 V rms .
- the light used in the electro-optical measurements was white light.
- the set up used was a commercially available equipment of Otsuka, Japan.
- the characteristic voltages have been determined under perpendicular observation.
- the threshold voltage (Vio), mid-grey voltage (V 50 ) and saturation voltage (V 90 ) have been determined for 10 %, 50 % and 90
- the mesogenic modulation material has been filled into an electro optical test cell prepared at the respective facility of Merck KGaA.
- the test cells had inter-digital electrodes on one substrate side.
- the electrode width was 10 ⁇ m
- the distance between adjacent electrodes was 10 ⁇ m
- the cell gap was also 10 ⁇ m.
- This test cell has been evaluated electro-optically between crossed polarisers.
- the filled cells showed the typical texture of a chiral nematic mixture, with an optical transmission between crossed polarisers without applied voltage.
- T-O the mixtures turned optically isotropic, being dark between the crossed polarisers. This indicated the transition from the chiral nematic phase to the blue phase at that temperature.
- T 2 the cell showed an electro-optical effect under applied voltage, typically of some tens of volts, a certain voltage in that range leading to a maximum of the optical transmission.
- the voltage needed for a visible electro-optical effect increased strongly, indicating the transition from the blue phase to the isotropic phase at this second temperature (T 2 ).
- the temperature range ( ⁇ T(BP)), where the mixture can be used electro- optically in the blue phase most beneficially has been identified as ranging from Ti to T 2 .
- This temperature range ( ⁇ T(BP)) is the temperature range given in the examples of this application.
- the electro-optical displays can also be operated at temperatures beyond this range, i.e. at temperatures above T 2 , albeit only at significantly increased operation voltages.
- the liquid crystal media according to the present invention can contain further additives and chiral dopants in usual concentrations.
- the total concentration of these further constituents is in the range of 0 % to 10 %, preferably 0.1 % to 6 %, based in the total mixture.
- the concentrations of the individual compounds used each are preferably in the range of 0.1 to 3 %.
- the concentration of these and of similar additives is not taken into consideration for the values and ranges of the concentrations of the liquid crystal components and compounds of the liquid crystal media in this application.
- the inventive liquid crystal media according to the present invention consist of several compounds, preferably of 3 to 30, more preferably of 5 to 20 and most preferably of 6 to 14 compounds. These compounds are mixed in conventional way. As a rule, the required amount of the compound used in the smaller amount is dissolved in the compound used in the greater amount. In case the temperature is above the clearing point of the compound used in the higher concentration, it is particularly easy to observe completion of the process of dissolution. It is, however, also possible to prepare the media by other conventional ways, e. g. using so called pre-mixtures, which can be e. g. homologous or eutectic mixtures of compounds or using so called multi-bottle-systems, the constituents of which are ready to use mixtures themselves.
- pre-mixtures which can be e. g. homologous or eutectic mixtures of compounds or using so called multi-bottle-systems, the constituents of which are ready to use mixtures themselves.
- liquid crystal media according to the instant invention can be modified in such a way, that they are usable in all known types of liquid crystal displays, either using the liquid crystal media as such, like TN-, TN-AMD, ECB-, VAN-AMD and in particular in compo- site systems, like PDLD-, NCAP- and PN-LCDs and especially in HPDLCs.
- the melting point T(C, N) 1 the transition from the smectic (S) to the nematic (N) phase T(S,N) and the clearing point T (N,I) of the liquid crystals are given in degrees centigrade.
- the structures of the liquid crystal compounds are represented by abbreviations also called acronyms.
- the transformation of the abbreviations into the corresponding structures is straight forward according to the following two tables A and B. All groups C n H 2n+1 and C m H 2m+1 are straight chain alkyl groups with n respectively m D-atoms. The interpretation of table B is self evident.
- Table A does only list the abbreviations for the cores of the structures. The individual compounds are denoted by the abbreviation of the core followed by a hyphen and a code specifying the substituents R1, R2, L1 and L2 follows:
- liquid-crystalline mixtures which, besides the compounds of the formula I, comprise at least one, two, three or four compounds from Table B.
- Table C shows possible dopants according to component D which are generally added to the mixtures alone or in combination two, three or more) according to the invention.
- liquid crystal media according to the instant invention do contain preferably
- the eluate is concentrated under vacuum to afford the crude material.
- This is purified by flash column chromatography using 40% dichloromethane in petroleum ether (40-60) as eluant to give a solid on evaporation of the appropriate fractions.
- Final purification by recrystallisation from petroleum ether (40-60) /dichloromethane at O°C gives the final product as a white solid (30% of the theoretical yield).
- the structure is confirmed by 1 H NMR.
- the purity is 99.5% by HPLC and the phase transition K 44°C I is observed by optical microscopy.
- the resulting mixture CM is filled into an electro optical test cell with interdigital electrodes on one substrate side.
- the electrode width is 10 ⁇ m
- the distance between adjacent electrodes is 10 ⁇ m
- the cell gap is also 10 ⁇ m.
- This test cell has been evaluated electro-optically between crossed polarisers.
- the filled cell showed the typical texture of a chiral nematic mixture, with an optical transmission between crossed polarisers without applied voltage.
- the mixture On heating, at a temperature of 36°C the mixture was optically isotropic, being dark between the crossed polarisers. This indicated the transition from the chiral nematic phase to the blue phase at 36°C. This temperature is called Ti or T trans .
- the response times for switching on ( ⁇ on ) and for switching off ( ⁇ off ) have been determined.
- the response times decrease with increasing temperature above Ti and the temperature at which both response times have fallen below 5 ms each is called T 3 .
- T 3 the temperature at which both response times have fallen below 5 ms each.
- the filled cell shows the typical texture of a chiral nematic mixture, with an optical transmission between crossed polarisers without applied voltage.
- the mixture On heating, at a temperature of 21.8°C the mixture is optically isotropic, being dark between the crossed polarisers. This indicates the transition from the chiral nematic phase to the blue phase at this temperature.
- the cell Up to a temperature of 29°C, the cell shows a clear electro optical effect under applied voltage, for example at 23.8°C, applying 43 volt leads to a maximum of the optical transition.
- the voltage needed for a visible electro- optical effect decreases strongly, indicating the transition from the blue phase to the isotropic phase at 29°C.
- the resulting mixture M-2 is filled into an electro optical test cell like that used in the comparative example and investigated as described there. The results are also shown in table 2.
- nematic liquid crystal mixture (called A-1) has been prepared, which contains 9.49 % of the compound of example 1 and evaluated for its physical properties, as given in the following table, table 3.
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Abstract
Description
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103030625A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-04-10 | 石家庄诚志永华显示材料有限公司 | 1,1'-binaphthalene-2,2'-diol chiral compound, preparation method and application thereof |
JP2014529671A (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2014-11-13 | メルク パテント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングMerck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschraenkter Haftung | Liquid crystal medium and liquid crystal display |
TWI582221B (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2017-05-11 | Liquid crystal composition and application thereof | |
TWI582219B (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2017-05-11 | Liquid crystal composition containing 2-methyl-3,4,5-trifluorobenzene liquid crystal compounds and their use |
Families Citing this family (1)
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JP6942457B2 (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2021-09-29 | Jnc株式会社 | Liquid crystal media, optical devices and liquid crystal compounds |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2014529671A (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2014-11-13 | メルク パテント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングMerck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschraenkter Haftung | Liquid crystal medium and liquid crystal display |
CN103030625A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-04-10 | 石家庄诚志永华显示材料有限公司 | 1,1'-binaphthalene-2,2'-diol chiral compound, preparation method and application thereof |
CN103030625B (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2015-09-16 | 石家庄诚志永华显示材料有限公司 | Binaphthol chipal compounds and preparation method thereof and application |
TWI582219B (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2017-05-11 | Liquid crystal composition containing 2-methyl-3,4,5-trifluorobenzene liquid crystal compounds and their use | |
TWI582221B (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2017-05-11 | Liquid crystal composition and application thereof |
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GB0710267D0 (en) | 2007-07-11 |
GB2435583B (en) | 2010-07-28 |
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