WO2006048502A1 - Method and apparatus for wireless measuring in a closed space - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for wireless measuring in a closed space Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006048502A1
WO2006048502A1 PCT/FI2005/000472 FI2005000472W WO2006048502A1 WO 2006048502 A1 WO2006048502 A1 WO 2006048502A1 FI 2005000472 W FI2005000472 W FI 2005000472W WO 2006048502 A1 WO2006048502 A1 WO 2006048502A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
measuring
closed space
calculation unit
transmitter
ball
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FI2005/000472
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Kari Saviharju
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Andritz Oy
Original Assignee
Andritz Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Andritz Oy filed Critical Andritz Oy
Publication of WO2006048502A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006048502A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
    • G01K1/02—Means for indicating or recording specially adapted for thermometers
    • G01K1/024—Means for indicating or recording specially adapted for thermometers for remote indication
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/06—Position of source determined by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/10—Position of receiver fixed by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements, e.g. omega or decca systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a measuring method according to the preamble of claim 1 and an apparatus according to the preamble of independent claim 5 for imple ⁇ menting said method.
  • the conditions prevailing in various furnaces and reactors and reactor-like mainly closed spaces, such as furnaces of recovery boilers used in cellulose pulping industry are often highly demanding.
  • the conditions may be corrosive, and in addition to that the temperatures inside these closed spaces, such as recovery boilers, may rise very high during various chemical processes and burning processes.
  • the tem ⁇ perature of the gaseous atmosphere inside a furnace of a recovery boiler may be in the range of 900 - 1400 degrees Celsius, depending on the location inside the mainly closed space, such as a furnace of a recovery boiler.
  • Difficult conditions which result from the large dimentions of the closed spaces, such as a recovery boiler, and chemi ⁇ cal substances, which often are in molten form in the bottom part of the recovery boiler, and specific conditions of the gaseous atmosphere, such as reducing conditions, make measuring in the closed space, such as a recovery boiler and other reactors, highly laborious and demanding, as well as expensive. It is especially laborious and expen ⁇ sive to determine the flow and velocity fields of gases and to measure the temperatures and compositions of gases. Numerical simulations and also various calculation models are thus commonly used nowadays for clarifying the operation of a recovery boiler.
  • SE-patent publication 445389 discloses a method, in which sensors are mixed at a blast furnace inlet into a mass traveling through the blast furnace, which sensors are equipped with means for measuring a desired property of the mass. Addi ⁇ tionally the sensors are equipped with a wireless transmitter connected to the measur- ing means and transmit signals with information on the obtained measuring results to a receiver. The position of the sensor in the mass traveling in the blast furnace is deter ⁇ mined based on a property of the obtained signal, such as strength or time position. In addition to that, also the measured mass property is determined based on the signal.
  • An o bject of the present invention is to provide a new k ind of method for obtaining measurement data on gas flows in mainly closed spaces, such as recovery boilers used in cellulose pulping industry, and a further object of the invention is an apparatus for effecting the measurements.
  • the invention allows to avoid prior art problems and to obtain reliable measurement results from closed spaces, where it is difficult or impossi ⁇ ble to effect measurements by means of conventional, known apparatuses and meth ⁇ ods.
  • a characteristic feature of the method according to the invention is that at least one measuring device, preferably having the form of a ball, is made to fall freely and move freely in a gaseous atmosphere inside a closed space and that the measuring device comprises a wireless transmitter/receiver unit, w hich transmits and/or receives elec ⁇ tromagnetic/acoustic signal, which is further submitted to a transmitter/receiver station communicating with a calculation unit, and the location of the measuring device is cal ⁇ culated based on time differences or phase differences of signals entering various measuring points.
  • the apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises at least one measuring device, such as measuring ball, which travels freely in the gaseous atmosphere inside the closed space and con ⁇ tains a wireless transmitter/receiver unit for transmitting/receiving an electromagnetic/acoustic signal, at least three transmitter/receiver stations, and a calculation unit, which communicates with the transmitter/receiver stations and calculates the l ocation of the measuring ball based o n time differences or phase differences of signals entering various measuring points.
  • at least one measuring device such as measuring ball
  • a wireless transmitter/receiver unit for transmitting/receiving an electromagnetic/acoustic signal
  • at least three transmitter/receiver stations at least three transmitter/receiver stations
  • a calculation unit which communicates with the transmitter/receiver stations and calculates the l ocation of the measuring ball based o n time differences or phase differences of signals entering various measuring points.
  • Fig. 1 outlines the measuring method according to the invention in general terms.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates an enlarged view of a measuring ball according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 is a general illustration of the wireless measuring method according to a solu ⁇ tion of the invention.
  • At least one measuring device is made to fall freely or move freely in the closed space.
  • the measuring device such as the ball
  • the ball is deflected under the effect of gas from an ideal falling path. If the ball is light- weighted in relation to the streams prevailing in the space, the ball may rise upwards and travel together with the flowing medium in the space being measured. In practice, however, the ball cannot be so light that it would follow the gas streams exactly, but the travel of the measuring ball is determined by the intensity of active forces. Active forces include e.g. aerodynamic forces generated by gas flows, pressure differences, lift gen- erated by density differences, and earth gravity.
  • the measuring ball 2 contains a wireless transmitter/receiver unit 5 for determining the location of the measuring ball in the closed space 8.
  • the transmitter/receiver unit of the measuring ball transmits and/or receives electromagnetic/acoustic signal, which is supplied to a transmitter/receiver station 3 and further to a calculation unit 4.
  • the calcu ⁇ lation unit 4 is a numerical simulation program or the calculation unit uses a neural net ⁇ work or neural networks, statistic methods or combinations thereof for calculating the flow field around the measuring ball in the closed space.
  • the location of the measuring ball is calculated from the time differences or phase differences of signals received by various receiving points (measuring points) or from time differences or p hase differ ⁇ ences of signals received by the measuring ball, and the above-mentioned calculation methods in t heir turn are used for calculating, what a re the forces o r velocities that have effected the ball and made the ball travel in the measured way.
  • the signal transmitted by the measuring ball 2 allows to calculate the exact location of the meas ⁇ uring ball 2 inside the closed space and to monitor the travel of the measuring ball in ⁇ side the closed space as a function of time. This way, gas streams (flow field of the gases, velocity field of the gases) in the closed space may be determined.
  • various measurement variables may be measured simultaneously, such as temperature, pressure, gas composition and other properties prevailing in the gaseous atmosphere inside the closed space, and this data is submitted further to a transmitter/receiver station 3, the number of which in the method is at least three.
  • the obtained signal representing the measuring results is received and p rocessed i n the calculation u nit i nto data on the measured p roperty's values as a function of time and location.
  • the temperature history of the gaseous atmosphere in the closed space and the history of the physical or chemical composition of gases are obtained as a function of time and coordinates, which data together with velocity data can be used for determining e.g. various turbulent variables prevailing in a furnace of a recovery boiler.
  • the calculation unit calculates (and stores) data on conditions prevailing in the closed space, whereby by combining the data on the meas ⁇ ured variables and the location data of the measuring ball, continuous monitoring of the chemical and physical conditions in the closed space may be accomplished.
  • the measuring ball 2 may also function so that it receives sig ⁇ nals transmitted by the transmitters 3, which signals are submitted to the calculation unit 4.
  • the wavelength of the signal transmitted by the measuring ball 2 has been selected thus that reflections caused by the walls of the closed space (due to the geometry of the closed space) and the conditions prevailing in the closed space or other possible disturbance sources do not hamper or prevent the travel of the signal into the transmitter/receiver station 3.
  • the measur ⁇ ing balls 2 are introduced into the closed space 8 at various locations of the closed space or correspondingly the measuring balls are introduced at the same location but with different velocities and at different angles into the closed space, so that measure ⁇ ment results are obtained from several locations inside the closed space.
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the measuring ball of the apparatus according to the in ⁇ vention.
  • the measuring ball has an outer casing 7 made of dense and highly heat-resistant ma ⁇ terial, such as ceramic or corresponding highly heat-resistant materials. Inside the outer casing the measuring ball is provided with an insulating shell 6, which is made of heat-insulating material and protects the transmitter/receiver unit 5 located inside the measuring ball.
  • the transmitter/receiver unit 5 comprises devices required for transmit ⁇ ting and receiving electromagnetic/acoustic signals and sensor systems as well as other measuring means for obtaining the measurable data from the closed space.
  • the method and apparatus according to the invention for wireless measuring in a closed space may be used, in addition to measurements effected in a recovery boiler, especially in the furnace thereof, in the cellulose pulping industry, also in m easure- ments performed in various chemical reactors, thermal reactors and other correspond ⁇ ing closed spaces.
  • the method and apparatus according to the invention may be applied for use in various containers and pipe systems or channels.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)

Abstract

A method of wireless measuring of various measurable variables in a closed space (8), wherein at least one measuring device, such as a measuring ball (2), is made to fall in and travel freely in the gaseous atmosphere of the closed space, which measuring ball (2) contains a wireless transmitter/receiver unit (5) for determining the location of the measuring ball in the closed space.

Description

Method and apparatus for wireless measuring in a closed space
Background of the invention
The present invention relates to a measuring method according to the preamble of claim 1 and an apparatus according to the preamble of independent claim 5 for imple¬ menting said method.
The conditions prevailing in various furnaces and reactors and reactor-like mainly closed spaces, such as furnaces of recovery boilers used in cellulose pulping industry are often highly demanding. The conditions may be corrosive, and in addition to that the temperatures inside these closed spaces, such as recovery boilers, may rise very high during various chemical processes and burning processes. For example the tem¬ perature of the gaseous atmosphere inside a furnace of a recovery boiler may be in the range of 900 - 1400 degrees Celsius, depending on the location inside the mainly closed space, such as a furnace of a recovery boiler. Difficult conditions, which result from the large dimentions of the closed spaces, such as a recovery boiler, and chemi¬ cal substances, which often are in molten form in the bottom part of the recovery boiler, and specific conditions of the gaseous atmosphere, such as reducing conditions, make measuring in the closed space, such as a recovery boiler and other reactors, highly laborious and demanding, as well as expensive. It is especially laborious and expen¬ sive to determine the flow and velocity fields of gases and to measure the temperatures and compositions of gases. Numerical simulations and also various calculation models are thus commonly used nowadays for clarifying the operation of a recovery boiler.
However, numerous simplifications and assumptions have to be made to a significant extent ,when using numerical methods and various calculation models, due to inade¬ quate or nonexistent measuring data, and therefore the results obtained by means of calculation models and numerical methods are inaccurate and deficient.
SE-patent publication 445389 (US 4590466) discloses a method, in which sensors are mixed at a blast furnace inlet into a mass traveling through the blast furnace, which sensors are equipped with means for measuring a desired property of the mass. Addi¬ tionally the sensors are equipped with a wireless transmitter connected to the measur- ing means and transmit signals with information on the obtained measuring results to a receiver. The position of the sensor in the mass traveling in the blast furnace is deter¬ mined based on a property of the obtained signal, such as strength or time position. In addition to that, also the measured mass property is determined based on the signal. An o bject of the present invention is to provide a new k ind of method for obtaining measurement data on gas flows in mainly closed spaces, such as recovery boilers used in cellulose pulping industry, and a further object of the invention is an apparatus for effecting the measurements. The invention allows to avoid prior art problems and to obtain reliable measurement results from closed spaces, where it is difficult or impossi¬ ble to effect measurements by means of conventional, known apparatuses and meth¬ ods.
Brief description of the invention
A characteristic feature of the method according to the invention is that at least one measuring device, preferably having the form of a ball, is made to fall freely and move freely in a gaseous atmosphere inside a closed space and that the measuring device comprises a wireless transmitter/receiver unit, w hich transmits and/or receives elec¬ tromagnetic/acoustic signal, which is further submitted to a transmitter/receiver station communicating with a calculation unit, and the location of the measuring device is cal¬ culated based on time differences or phase differences of signals entering various measuring points.
The apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises at least one measuring device, such as measuring ball, which travels freely in the gaseous atmosphere inside the closed space and con¬ tains a wireless transmitter/receiver unit for transmitting/receiving an electromagnetic/acoustic signal, at least three transmitter/receiver stations, and a calculation unit, which communicates with the transmitter/receiver stations and calculates the l ocation of the measuring ball based o n time differences or phase differences of signals entering various measuring points.
More exactly, the method and apparatus according to the invention are characterized in what is stated in the appended claims.
The solution according to the invention provides significant advantages, as the method and apparatus in accordance with the solution allow measurements in a closed space, wherefrom it earlier has been even impossible to obtain reliable measurement results due to the demanding and very complicated measuring conditions. Brief description of the drawings
In the following, the invention is described in more detail by means of exemplary em- bodiments with reference to Figures 1 and 2, of which
Fig. 1 outlines the measuring method according to the invention in general terms.
Fig. 2 illustrates an enlarged view of a measuring ball according to the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Figure 1 is a general illustration of the wireless measuring method according to a solu¬ tion of the invention.
In the method for measuring various measurable variables wirelessly in a closed space 8, at least one measuring device, preferably a measuring ball 2, is made to fall freely or move freely in the closed space. In the closed space the measuring device, such as the ball, is deflected under the effect of gas from an ideal falling path. If the ball is light- weighted in relation to the streams prevailing in the space, the ball may rise upwards and travel together with the flowing medium in the space being measured. In practice, however, the ball cannot be so light that it would follow the gas streams exactly, but the travel of the measuring ball is determined by the intensity of active forces. Active forces include e.g. aerodynamic forces generated by gas flows, pressure differences, lift gen- erated by density differences, and earth gravity.
The measuring ball 2 contains a wireless transmitter/receiver unit 5 for determining the location of the measuring ball in the closed space 8. The transmitter/receiver unit of the measuring ball transmits and/or receives electromagnetic/acoustic signal, which is supplied to a transmitter/receiver station 3 and further to a calculation unit 4. The calcu¬ lation unit 4 is a numerical simulation program or the calculation unit uses a neural net¬ work or neural networks, statistic methods or combinations thereof for calculating the flow field around the measuring ball in the closed space. The location of the measuring ball is calculated from the time differences or phase differences of signals received by various receiving points (measuring points) or from time differences or p hase differ¬ ences of signals received by the measuring ball, and the above-mentioned calculation methods in t heir turn are used for calculating, what a re the forces o r velocities that have effected the ball and made the ball travel in the measured way. The signal transmitted by the measuring ball 2 allows to calculate the exact location of the meas¬ uring ball 2 inside the closed space and to monitor the travel of the measuring ball in¬ side the closed space as a function of time. This way, gas streams (flow field of the gases, velocity field of the gases) in the closed space may be determined.
As the measuring ball travels in the closed space, various measurement variables may be measured simultaneously, such as temperature, pressure, gas composition and other properties prevailing in the gaseous atmosphere inside the closed space, and this data is submitted further to a transmitter/receiver station 3, the number of which in the method is at least three. The obtained signal representing the measuring results is received and p rocessed i n the calculation u nit i nto data on the measured p roperty's values as a function of time and location. This way, the temperature history of the gaseous atmosphere in the closed space and the history of the physical or chemical composition of gases are obtained as a function of time and coordinates, which data together with velocity data can be used for determining e.g. various turbulent variables prevailing in a furnace of a recovery boiler.
From the measured variables transmitted by the measuring ball 2 and further submitted by the transmitter/receiver station 3, the calculation unit calculates (and stores) data on conditions prevailing in the closed space, whereby by combining the data on the meas¬ ured variables and the location data of the measuring ball, continuous monitoring of the chemical and physical conditions in the closed space may be accomplished. In accor¬ dance with the invention, the measuring ball 2 may also function so that it receives sig¬ nals transmitted by the transmitters 3, which signals are submitted to the calculation unit 4.
By means of the invention it is thus typically possible to determine the flow field sur¬ rounding the measuring ball, the temperature history and the history of physical or chemical composition as a function of time and coordinates. By means of data thus obtained, numerical simulation models a nd various calculation models may b e more exactly d efined, w hich p reviously inevitably h ad b een d rawn up making different as¬ sumptions and simplifications.
The wavelength of the signal transmitted by the measuring ball 2 (digitalized signal) has been selected thus that reflections caused by the walls of the closed space (due to the geometry of the closed space) and the conditions prevailing in the closed space or other possible disturbance sources do not hamper or prevent the travel of the signal into the transmitter/receiver station 3. According to the method, in order to obtain reliable measurement results, the measur¬ ing balls 2 are introduced into the closed space 8 at various locations of the closed space or correspondingly the measuring balls are introduced at the same location but with different velocities and at different angles into the closed space, so that measure¬ ment results are obtained from several locations inside the closed space.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the measuring ball of the apparatus according to the in¬ vention.
The measuring ball has an outer casing 7 made of dense and highly heat-resistant ma¬ terial, such as ceramic or corresponding highly heat-resistant materials. Inside the outer casing the measuring ball is provided with an insulating shell 6, which is made of heat-insulating material and protects the transmitter/receiver unit 5 located inside the measuring ball. The transmitter/receiver unit 5 comprises devices required for transmit¬ ting and receiving electromagnetic/acoustic signals and sensor systems as well as other measuring means for obtaining the measurable data from the closed space.
The method and apparatus according to the invention for wireless measuring in a closed space may be used, in addition to measurements effected in a recovery boiler, especially in the furnace thereof, in the cellulose pulping industry, also in m easure- ments performed in various chemical reactors, thermal reactors and other correspond¬ ing closed spaces.
Further, the method and apparatus according to the invention may be applied for use in various containers and pipe systems or channels.
It is also evident for a person skilled in the art that various embodiments of the inven¬ tion are not limited to the above-presented examples only, and thus they may vary in the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

CLAIMS:
1. A method of wireless measuring of various measurement variables in a mainly closed space (8) in such a way that a measuring device is introduced into the closed space and its location is determined by means of electromagnetic/acoustic signals, characterized in that at least one measuring device, preferably ball-shaped (2), is made to fall and travel freely in the gaseous atmosphere of the closed space and that the measuring device (2) contains a wireless transmitter/receiver unit (5), which trans¬ mits and/or receives electromagnetic/acoustic signal, which i s further submitted to a transmitter/receiver station (3) communicating with a calculation unit (4), and the loca¬ tion of the measuring device is calculated from time differences or phase differences of signals entering various measuring points.
2. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the transmitter/receiver station (3) is in continuous contact with the calculation unit (4).
3. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the transmitter/receiver station (3) is in cyclic contact with the calculation unit (4) and at the end of the measuring cycle the data on the location of the measuring device (2) is transferred into the calculation unit (4).
4τ-A method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the calculation unit (4) is a numerical s imulation p rogram, or that the calculation u nit uses a n eural network o r neural networks, statistic methods or combinations thereof for calculating the force and flow fields effecting the measuring ball (2) and its travel in the closed space (8).
5. A method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that properties surrounding the measuring ball, such as temperature, gas composition are measured and the obtained signal representing the measurement result is received and proc- essed in the calculation unit into d ata on the values of the measured property as a function of time and location.
6. An apparatus for wireless measuring of m easurable variables in a closed space, characterized in that the apparatus comprises - at least one measuring device, such as a measuring ball (2), which trav¬ els freely in the gaseous atmosphere of the closed space and which contains a wire¬ less transmitter/receiver unit (5) for transmitting/receiving electromagnetic/acoustic signal, at least three transmitter/receiver stations (3), and a calculation unit (4), which communicates with the transmit¬ ter/receiver stations and calculates the location of the measuring ball based on time differences or phase differences of signals entering various measuring points.
7. An apparatus according to claim 6 , characterized in that the transmitter/receiver station (3) communicates with the calculation unit (4), which calculation unit is a nu¬ merical simulation program, or that the calculation unit (4) uses a neural network or neural networks, statistic methods or combinations thereof for calculating force and flow fields effecting the measuring ball (2) and its travel in the closed space.
8. An apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the measuring ball (2) comprises means for measuring the properties surrounding the measuring ball, which means are connected to the transmitter unit (5) for transmitting the measurement re¬ sults in form of signals to the receiver station (3) and the calculation unit (4).
PCT/FI2005/000472 2004-11-04 2005-11-04 Method and apparatus for wireless measuring in a closed space Ceased WO2006048502A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20041420A FI20041420A0 (en) 2004-11-04 2004-11-04 Wireless measurement method
FI20041420 2004-11-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006048502A1 true WO2006048502A1 (en) 2006-05-11

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WO (1) WO2006048502A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018027471A1 (en) * 2016-08-08 2018-02-15 吴鹏 Method and system for sending natural gas consumption of boiler
CN112781029A (en) * 2021-02-02 2021-05-11 宁夏枣泉发电有限责任公司 Boiler wall-attached air device and method based on combustor near-wall surface atmosphere soft measurement

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4590466A (en) * 1982-06-28 1986-05-20 Pharos Ab Method and apparatus for sampling measurement data from a chemical process
US6726358B2 (en) * 1997-07-05 2004-04-27 Combustion Specialists, Inc. Acoustic pyrometer

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4590466A (en) * 1982-06-28 1986-05-20 Pharos Ab Method and apparatus for sampling measurement data from a chemical process
US6726358B2 (en) * 1997-07-05 2004-04-27 Combustion Specialists, Inc. Acoustic pyrometer

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018027471A1 (en) * 2016-08-08 2018-02-15 吴鹏 Method and system for sending natural gas consumption of boiler
CN112781029A (en) * 2021-02-02 2021-05-11 宁夏枣泉发电有限责任公司 Boiler wall-attached air device and method based on combustor near-wall surface atmosphere soft measurement

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