WO2006046892A1 - Turbo charger unit for an internal combustion engine comprising a heat shield - Google Patents

Turbo charger unit for an internal combustion engine comprising a heat shield Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2006046892A1
WO2006046892A1 PCT/SE2004/001573 SE2004001573W WO2006046892A1 WO 2006046892 A1 WO2006046892 A1 WO 2006046892A1 SE 2004001573 W SE2004001573 W SE 2004001573W WO 2006046892 A1 WO2006046892 A1 WO 2006046892A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat shield
turbocharger unit
bearing housing
hand
turbine wheel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2004/001573
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Kent Giselmo
Original Assignee
Volvo Lastvagnar Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Volvo Lastvagnar Ab filed Critical Volvo Lastvagnar Ab
Priority to PCT/SE2004/001573 priority Critical patent/WO2006046892A1/en
Publication of WO2006046892A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006046892A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
    • F02C6/10—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output supplying working fluid to a user, e.g. a chemical process, which returns working fluid to a turbine of the plant
    • F02C6/12—Turbochargers, i.e. plants for augmenting mechanical power output of internal-combustion piston engines by increase of charge pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/24—Heat or noise insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05D2260/231—Preventing heat transfer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a turbocharger unit having a rotor shaft which is mounted in a bearing housing and which at its one end supports a turbine wheel and at its other end supports a compressor wheel , a rotationally symmetric heat shield being placed between the bearing housing and the turbine wheel and being provided with a centxal opening for the turbine wheel .
  • Modern turbocharger units can operate at rotation speeds up to around 200,000 r.p.m. and at a working temperature of many hundrecd degrees Celsius.
  • a heat shield in the turbocharger unit between the bearing housing and the turbine wheel.
  • the purpose of the heat shield is to reduce the heat radiation from the hot turbine wheel in toward the bearing housing.
  • Unnecessary heating of th.e bearing housing causes an increase in the bearing temperature, with the risk of carburization of the oil, which can lead to bearing failure. This is particularly marked after the engine has been shut off and once the oil circulation has stopped.
  • One object of the invention is to produce a turbocharger unit which allows simple mounting of a stator ring with little risk of leakage.
  • FIG. 1 shows in diagrammatic representation a partially broken longitudinal section through a turbocha-trger unit according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows on a smaller scale a heat shield used in the turbocharger unit in fig. 1, and
  • FIG. 3 is a section along the line III-III in fig. 2.
  • the turbocharger unit shown in partially broken view in fig. 1, comprises a bearing housing 10 with bearing 11 for a rotor shaft 12.
  • the shaft 12 supports at its one end a compressor wheel
  • a turbine wheel 13 (not shown) and at its other end a turbine wheel 13, which operates in a turbine worm 14 comprising two exhaust-gas inlets 1.4a, 14b.
  • a stator ring 15 is mounted at the inlet -to the turbine wheel in such a way that it seals against the inner side of the turbine worm.
  • a heat shield 16 is mounted between the turbine housing and the turbine wheel and is shown in greater detail in fig. 2 and 3.
  • the heat shield 16 forms a cup-shaped, rotationally symmetric body of sheet metal, for example made by hydraulic forming, and is provided with a central opening 17 adjoining the fastening of the turbine wheel 13 to the rotor shaft 12.
  • the heat shield has a radially directed jcim 18, which runs around the outer edge and forms an outer supporting surface, which, in the assembly position, bears against an annular wall surface 19 of "the bearing housing 10 standing perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rotor shaft.
  • an inner supporting surface 20 At a distance from the outer supporting surface there is an inner supporting surface 20, which, in the assembly position, bears against the stator ring 15 and which, in so doing,- via an intermediate elastic portion 21 of the heat shield, exerts a spring force against the stator ring.
  • An inner central portion 22 of the heat shield 16 butts against the bearing housing 10.
  • the elastic portion 21 comprises, on the one hand, a first part-portion 21a, which, in the assembly position of the heat shield s extends substantially parallel with the rotor shaft 12, and, on the other hand, a second part-portion 21b, which is bent in the direction of the rotor shaft.
  • the configuration of the heat shield 16 according to the invention means that suitable force can be obtained. A certain plastic deformation may possibly occur, but the greater part of the compression can be used for spring-back, which ensures that the stator ring 15 is pressed in the axial direction into secure bearing contact against the inner side of the_ turbine worm under all operating conditions. As a result of this arrangement, the stator ring is automatically positioned without the need for precise adjustment.
  • the heat shield can be realized such that ⁇ t is radially slotted or axially folded four increased spring travel .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a turbocharger unit having a rotor shaft which is mounted in a bearing housing (10) and which at its one end supports a turbine wheel (13) and at its other end supports a compressor wheel . A rotationally symmetric heat shield (16) is placed between a bearing housing (11) and the turbine wheel (13) and is provided with a central opening for the turbine wheel. The heat shield (16) has, on the one hand, an outer supporting surface, which, in the usage position, bears against a wall surface (19) belonging to the bearing housing, and, on the other hand, an inner supporting surface, which is situated at a distance from the outer supporting surface and, in the usage position, bears against a stator ring (15) and which, via an intermediate elastic portion of the heat shield, exerts a spring force against the stator ring (15) .

Description

C20175 /KS , 05-11-16
Title
Turbocharger unit for an internal combustion engine
TECHNICAL FIELD :
The present invention relates to a turbocharger unit having a rotor shaft which is mounted in a bearing housing and which at its one end supports a turbine wheel and at its other end supports a compressor wheel , a rotationally symmetric heat shield being placed between the bearing housing and the turbine wheel and being provided with a centxal opening for the turbine wheel .
BACKGROUND:
Modern turbocharger units can operate at rotation speeds up to around 200,000 r.p.m. and at a working temperature of many hundrecd degrees Celsius. By virtue of US 6694733, for example,- it is known to mount a heat shield in the turbocharger unit between the bearing housing and the turbine wheel. The purpose of the heat shield is to reduce the heat radiation from the hot turbine wheel in toward the bearing housing. Unnecessary heating of th.e bearing housing causes an increase in the bearing temperature, with the risk of carburization of the oil,, which can lead to bearing failure. This is particularly marked after the engine has been shut off and once the oil circulation has stopped. In the manufacture of the turbocharger unit, it is usual to precisely adjust the play between the turbine wheel and the turbine worm. Subsequently, a second precise adjustment of the stator ring against the turbine worm and the turbine wheel is realized. These operations are carried out manually and require professional expertise. During service maintenance of the turbocharger unit, thiese operations sometimes need to be repeated. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION:
One object of the invention is to produce a turbocharger unit which allows simple mounting of a stator ring with little risk of leakage.
This object is achieved by the use of a turbocharger unit as claimed in the characterizing part of claim 1.
Advantageous illustrative embodiments of the invention derive from the followzLng independent patent claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES:
The invention will be described in greater detail below with reference to illustrative embodiments shown in the appended drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 shows in diagrammatic representation a partially broken longitudinal section through a turbocha-trger unit according to the invention,
FIG. 2 shows on a smaller scale a heat shield used in the turbocharger unit in fig. 1, and
FIG. 3 is a section along the line III-III in fig. 2.
DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS:
The turbocharger unit according to the invention, shown in partially broken view in fig. 1, comprises a bearing housing 10 with bearing 11 for a rotor shaft 12. The shaft 12 supports at its one end a compressor wheel
(not shown) and at its other end a turbine wheel 13, which operates in a turbine worm 14 comprising two exhaust-gas inlets 1.4a, 14b. A stator ring 15 is mounted at the inlet -to the turbine wheel in such a way that it seals against the inner side of the turbine worm. A heat shield 16 is mounted between the turbine housing and the turbine wheel and is shown in greater detail in fig. 2 and 3. The heat shield 16 forms a cup-shaped, rotationally symmetric body of sheet metal, for example made by hydraulic forming, and is provided with a central opening 17 adjoining the fastening of the turbine wheel 13 to the rotor shaft 12. The heat shield has a radially directed jcim 18, which runs around the outer edge and forms an outer supporting surface, which, in the assembly position, bears against an annular wall surface 19 of "the bearing housing 10 standing perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rotor shaft. At a distance from the outer supporting surface there is an inner supporting surface 20, which, in the assembly position, bears against the stator ring 15 and which, in so doing,- via an intermediate elastic portion 21 of the heat shield, exerts a spring force against the stator ring. An inner central portion 22 of the heat shield 16 butts against the bearing housing 10.
The elastic portion 21 comprises, on the one hand, a first part-portion 21a, which, in the assembly position of the heat shields extends substantially parallel with the rotor shaft 12, and, on the other hand, a second part-portion 21b, which is bent in the direction of the rotor shaft. The configuration of the heat shield 16 according to the invention means that suitable force can be obtained. A certain plastic deformation may possibly occur, but the greater part of the compression can be used for spring-back, which ensures that the stator ring 15 is pressed in the axial direction into secure bearing contact against the inner side of the_ turbine worm under all operating conditions. As a result of this arrangement, the stator ring is automatically positioned without the need for precise adjustment.
The invention shouILd not be deemed to be limited to the illustrative embodiment described above, but rather a number of further variants and modifications are conceivable within the scope of the subsequent patent claims . Four example, the heat shield can be realized such that ±t is radially slotted or axially folded four increased spring travel .

Claims

P20175/KS, 05-11-16CLAIMS
1. 2\ turbocharger unit having a rotox shaft which is mounted in a bearing housing (10) and -which at its one end supports a turbine wheel (13) and at its other end supports a compressor wheel, a rotationally symmetric heat shield (16) being placed between a bearing housing (11) and the turbine wheel C13) and being provided with a central opening (17) for the turbine wraeel, characterized in that the heat shield
(16) has, on the one hand, an outer supporting surface
(18), which, in the usage position, bears against a wall surfsee (19) belonging to the bearing housing, and, on the other hand, an inner supporting surface (20) , which is situated at a distance from tine outer supporting- surface and, in the usage position, bears against s stator ring (15) and which, via an intermediate elastic portion (21) of the heat shield, exerts a spring force against the stator ring (15) .
2. The turbocharger unit as claimed in claim 1, characterά-.zed in that the heat shield (16) is cup- shaped, having a radially directed rim (18) wb-ich runs around the outer edge and forms the outer siαpporting surface.
3. The turbocharger unit as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the elastic portion (21) comprises, on the one hand, a first part-portion (21a), which, in. the assembly position of the heat shield, extends substantially parallel with the rotor shaft (12) , and, on the other hand, a second part-portion (21b) , whxich is bent in the direction of the rotor shaft.
4. The turbocharger unit as claimed in. claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the heat shield (16) is made by hydraulic forming of sheet metal.
5. The turbocharger unit as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the heat shield
(16) is radially slotted.
6. The turbocharger unit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that "the heat shield (16) is axially folded.
7. The turbocharger unit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it is configured with double inlet ducts (14a, 14b) , so- called twin entry.
PCT/SE2004/001573 2004-10-28 2004-10-28 Turbo charger unit for an internal combustion engine comprising a heat shield WO2006046892A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/SE2004/001573 WO2006046892A1 (en) 2004-10-28 2004-10-28 Turbo charger unit for an internal combustion engine comprising a heat shield

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/SE2004/001573 WO2006046892A1 (en) 2004-10-28 2004-10-28 Turbo charger unit for an internal combustion engine comprising a heat shield

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006046892A1 true WO2006046892A1 (en) 2006-05-04

Family

ID=36228072

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE2004/001573 WO2006046892A1 (en) 2004-10-28 2004-10-28 Turbo charger unit for an internal combustion engine comprising a heat shield

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2006046892A1 (en)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009068460A1 (en) * 2007-11-28 2009-06-04 Continental Automotive Gmbh Heat shield and turbocharger having a heat shield
EP2098703A1 (en) 2008-03-06 2009-09-09 Honeywell International Inc. Turbocharger assembly having heat shield-centering arrangements
DE102008023552A1 (en) * 2008-05-14 2009-11-19 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Exhaust gas turbocharger for a motor vehicle
EP2143910A1 (en) 2008-07-11 2010-01-13 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems GmbH & Co. KG Exhaust gas turbocharger for a motor vehicle
EP2199570A2 (en) * 2008-12-20 2010-06-23 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems GmbH & Co. KG Charging device
DE102012208044A1 (en) * 2012-05-14 2013-11-14 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Annular heat shield i.e. deep-drawn sheet metal part, for turbo supercharger system of motor car, has interior and external periphery contours including curve-like sections and circularly formed in circumferential direction of shield
EP2278127A3 (en) * 2009-06-15 2014-03-19 Honeywell International Inc. Turbocharger having nozzle ring locating pin and an integrated locator and heat shield
FR3052507A1 (en) * 2016-06-08 2017-12-15 Valeo Systemes De Controle Moteur ELECTRIC COMPRESSOR WITH BEARING PROTECTION SYSTEM
WO2018200427A1 (en) * 2017-04-25 2018-11-01 Borgwarner Inc. Exhaust gas turbocharger with heat shield

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5055009A (en) * 1989-12-12 1991-10-08 Allied-Signal Inc. Turbocharger with improved roller bearing shaft support
US5087176A (en) * 1984-12-20 1992-02-11 Allied-Signal Inc. Method and apparatus to provide thermal isolation of process gas bearings
US5465482A (en) * 1993-09-03 1995-11-14 Abb Management Ag Method for matching the flow capacity of a radial turbine of a turbocharger to a capacity of an internal combustion engine
US20040025504A1 (en) * 2000-11-30 2004-02-12 Perrin Jean-Luc Hubert Variable geometry turbocharger with sliding piston
US20040109755A1 (en) * 2002-12-02 2004-06-10 Abb Turbo Systems Ag Exhaust-gas-turbine casing
WO2004048755A1 (en) * 2002-11-25 2004-06-10 Malcolm George Leavesley Variable turbocharger apparatus with bypass

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5087176A (en) * 1984-12-20 1992-02-11 Allied-Signal Inc. Method and apparatus to provide thermal isolation of process gas bearings
US5055009A (en) * 1989-12-12 1991-10-08 Allied-Signal Inc. Turbocharger with improved roller bearing shaft support
US5465482A (en) * 1993-09-03 1995-11-14 Abb Management Ag Method for matching the flow capacity of a radial turbine of a turbocharger to a capacity of an internal combustion engine
US20040025504A1 (en) * 2000-11-30 2004-02-12 Perrin Jean-Luc Hubert Variable geometry turbocharger with sliding piston
WO2004048755A1 (en) * 2002-11-25 2004-06-10 Malcolm George Leavesley Variable turbocharger apparatus with bypass
US20040109755A1 (en) * 2002-12-02 2004-06-10 Abb Turbo Systems Ag Exhaust-gas-turbine casing

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009068460A1 (en) * 2007-11-28 2009-06-04 Continental Automotive Gmbh Heat shield and turbocharger having a heat shield
CN101878359A (en) * 2007-11-28 2010-11-03 欧陆汽车有限责任公司 Heat shield and turbocharger having a heat shield
US8092162B2 (en) 2008-03-06 2012-01-10 Honeywell International Inc. Turbocharger assembly having heat shield-centering arrangements
EP2098703A1 (en) 2008-03-06 2009-09-09 Honeywell International Inc. Turbocharger assembly having heat shield-centering arrangements
US8353666B2 (en) 2008-03-06 2013-01-15 Honeywell International Inc. Turbocharger assembly having heat shield-centering arrangements
US20110274535A1 (en) * 2008-03-06 2011-11-10 Honeywell International, Inc. Turbocharger assembly having heat shield-centering arrangements
DE102008023552A1 (en) * 2008-05-14 2009-11-19 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Exhaust gas turbocharger for a motor vehicle
US20090290977A1 (en) * 2008-05-14 2009-11-26 Nikolay Dilovski Exhaust-driven turbocharger for a motor vehicle
DE102008023552B4 (en) 2008-05-14 2018-12-20 BMTS Technology GmbH & Co. KG Exhaust gas turbocharger for a motor vehicle
US8322978B2 (en) 2008-05-14 2012-12-04 Mahle International Gmbh Exhaust-driven turbocharger for a motor vehicle
EP2143910A1 (en) 2008-07-11 2010-01-13 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems GmbH & Co. KG Exhaust gas turbocharger for a motor vehicle
DE102008032808A1 (en) 2008-07-11 2010-01-14 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Exhaust gas turbocharger for a motor vehicle
EP2199570A3 (en) * 2008-12-20 2011-07-27 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems GmbH & Co. KG Charging device
EP2199570A2 (en) * 2008-12-20 2010-06-23 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems GmbH & Co. KG Charging device
EP2278127A3 (en) * 2009-06-15 2014-03-19 Honeywell International Inc. Turbocharger having nozzle ring locating pin and an integrated locator and heat shield
DE102012208044A1 (en) * 2012-05-14 2013-11-14 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Annular heat shield i.e. deep-drawn sheet metal part, for turbo supercharger system of motor car, has interior and external periphery contours including curve-like sections and circularly formed in circumferential direction of shield
FR3052507A1 (en) * 2016-06-08 2017-12-15 Valeo Systemes De Controle Moteur ELECTRIC COMPRESSOR WITH BEARING PROTECTION SYSTEM
WO2018200427A1 (en) * 2017-04-25 2018-11-01 Borgwarner Inc. Exhaust gas turbocharger with heat shield

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2098703B1 (en) Turbocharger assembly having heat shield-centering arrangements
US8528328B2 (en) Explosion protection for a turbine and combustion engine
JP4856834B2 (en) Brush seal
JP2010501786A (en) Adjustable guide vane sealing
US20120321455A1 (en) Turbocharger housing
KR20120086724A (en) Turbocharger
CN101160462A (en) Turbosupercharger having rotary electric machine of internal combustion engine
US20190120132A1 (en) Turbocharger for an Internal Combustion Engine
JP2009243312A (en) Cover for cooling passage, method of manufacturing the cover, and gas turbine
JP2020084984A (en) Insert component for turbo charger
WO2006046892A1 (en) Turbo charger unit for an internal combustion engine comprising a heat shield
US7329086B2 (en) Rotor shaft, in particular for a gas turbine
WO2020115941A1 (en) Variable displacement supercharger
CN104420898B (en) Has turbo- exhaust-driven turbo-charger exhaust-gas turbo charger
EP3708844B1 (en) Turbocharger and bearing housing therefor
JP2019124222A (en) Burst protection device of gas turbine engine
JP2013231405A (en) Turbocharger
US20150104303A1 (en) Turbocharger
KR101442868B1 (en) Turbine wheel
WO2019126036A1 (en) Turbine arrangement for an exhaust gas turbocharger
CN218882304U (en) Heat shield for a supercharging device, turbine assembly and supercharging device
CN109891056B (en) Turbine with multi-part turbine housing
US11313247B2 (en) Turbine housing
US9583998B2 (en) Method of assembling a rotor for an electric turbo-charger
US20230184161A1 (en) Turbocharger actuator arrangement

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZM

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 04793873

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1