WO2006045671A1 - Dispositif de dosage et procede d'exploitation d'un dispositif de dosage - Google Patents

Dispositif de dosage et procede d'exploitation d'un dispositif de dosage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006045671A1
WO2006045671A1 PCT/EP2005/054514 EP2005054514W WO2006045671A1 WO 2006045671 A1 WO2006045671 A1 WO 2006045671A1 EP 2005054514 W EP2005054514 W EP 2005054514W WO 2006045671 A1 WO2006045671 A1 WO 2006045671A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reducing agent
exhaust system
metering device
processing unit
metering
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2005/054514
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Ripper
Markus Buerglin
Thorsten Mayer
Dirk Heilig
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2006045671A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006045671A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9495—Controlling the catalytic process
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
    • B01D2251/2067—Urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/40—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a hydrolysis catalyst
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/10—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/18—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the system for adding a substance into the exhaust
    • F01N2900/1806—Properties of reducing agent or dosing system
    • F01N2900/1811—Temperature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a metering device and a method for operating a metering device according to the preambles of the independent claims.
  • a selective catalytic reduction (“SCR”) process has proved to be advantageous for self-igniting internal combustion engines.
  • the nitrogen oxides are converted together with ammonia in a selective catalyst to nitrogen and water.
  • the reducing agent necessary for the catalytic conversion of the nitrogen oxides is carried in the vehicle instead of the ammonia in the form of an aqueous urea solution, from which the ammonia can be liberated by thermolysis and hydrolysis of the urea solution in the amount required for the reaction.
  • a device for exhaust aftertreatment in which reducing agent is conveyed to a heating device via a pump controllable for adjusting the delivery quantity is known.
  • the reducing agent is heated in the heating device and introduced into the exhaust gas flow via an addition device located upstream of the reduction catalytic converter.
  • a designed as a controllable valve adding device is controlled to adjust the flow rate.
  • the European Patent EP 0 708 230 B1 also discloses the alternative of designing the device for processing the reducing agent as an evaporation device, the metered reducing agent being introduced in vaporized form into the exhaust gas flow.
  • the external and on-demand ammonia production leads to a nearly independent of the exhaust gas temperature, resulting in an improvement of the NOx conversion rate.
  • Prob ⁇ lematic is an uncontrolled reduction agent treatment, for example by re-evaporation.
  • a check valve be provided in the metering device according to the invention with a metering pump for adjusting a delivery rate of a reducing agent in a normal operating conveying direction upstream of the processing unit.
  • the metering pump conveys the reducing agent along the normal operation conveying direction from a storage tank via the treatment unit upstream of an exhaust gas system into the exhaust gas system. It is advantageous that the reducing agent can be conveyed only in the direction of the exhaust system, in particular in the case of a sudden pressure change after closing the return valve.
  • the metering pump is designed as a peristaltic pump.
  • this is a volumetric conveying device which is also used, for example, in medical technology for conveying and metering small volume flows.
  • a peristaltic pump a certain volume of reducing agent in a hose or in a pipe can be enclosed and conveyed continuously as the angle of rotation increases by rollers running in a cylinder.
  • the peristaltic pump has a simple construction and is suitable for accurate metering, in that it is conveyed continuously or discontinuously via a drive, for example an electric stepper motor.
  • the metered quantity can be quantified precisely by means of the angle of rotation or the number of steps.
  • the peristaltic pump also has a principle due to a good tightness.
  • this principle an exhaust gas backpressure and any pressure which may be generated during evaporation in the conditioning unit can be reliably generated.
  • the peristaltic pump is designed as a peristaltic pump, which in principle is suitable for winter use, since the flexible hose material can tolerate ice formation without being damaged.
  • a metering device can be provided with the invention which meets the market requirements in terms of complexity, costs and customer acceptance.
  • the aim of future exhaust gas limit values can preferably be met thereby.
  • a porous body is provided in the exhaust system for improving the conversion of the reducing agent. It is advantageous that the porous body can be additionally supplied with thermal energy, for example by a heating element. To improve the conversion of the reducing agent, the body may preferably be catalytically active. As a material used for this purpose, for example, a metal foam, such as stainless steel, aluminum and the like, and / or ceramic conceivable.
  • a method for operating a metering device with a metering pump wherein a check valve arranged in a normal operating direction upstream of a conditioning unit is closed when the pressure of the reducing agent in the conditioning unit increases.
  • the reducing agent is thereby transported by means of the metering pump along the normal operating conveying direction from a storage tank via an exhaust gas tank.
  • system upstream processing unit introduced into the exhaust system ein ⁇ .
  • the reducing agent is accelerated directed towards the exhaust system after closing the check valve, whereby a return flow of exhaust gas into the metering device can be prevented.
  • a temperature sensor In order to control the delivery rate of the reducing agent through the metering device as a function of its temperature, a temperature sensor can be provided. As a result, a particularly preferred fine tuning of the metering device is possible.
  • the single FIGURE shows a preferred metering device in an exhaust gas system of a motor vehicle.
  • a preferred metering device in an exhaust system of a motor vehicle is shown in simplified form in the FIGURE.
  • a reducing agent for the aftertreatment of exhaust gases from internal combustion engines is stored.
  • the reducing agent is conveyed from the storage tank 11 via a metering pump 10 and an unspecified pipe along a normal operation conveying direction 15 marked by an arrow into a processing unit 12.
  • Downstream of the storage tank 11 is a filter 16 vor ⁇ seen, through which the reducing agent is roughly cleaned.
  • a temperature sensor 14 for determining the temperature of the reducing agent is arranged, which is connected to a control unit 17 via a signal line not designated in greater detail.
  • the temperature sensor 14 may also be integrated in the storage tank 11 or in the metering pump 10.
  • the temperature sensor 14 is preferably integrated in the metering pump, since the lines can be heated. With the temperature sensor 14, the delivery rate of the reducing agent can thus be controlled by the metering device as a function of its temperature.
  • the reducing agent is introduced into a catalytic converter 18 via the processing unit 12.
  • a thermal treatment of the reducing agent takes place, which is subsequently introduced into the catalyst 18.
  • gaseous components for example, NH 3 and CO 2 is generated. Due to the phase transition to gaseous components and the high water vapor content of the urea-water solution, an increase in volume takes place.
  • the gaseous components are independently introduced into the exhaust system and kö ⁇ - NEN relatively simple and unproblematic be distributed homogeneously in the exhaust.
  • the homogenization of the reducing agent in the exhaust gas can be improved with a mixing element 19.
  • a check valve 13 is provided, which can be closed in the conditioning unit 12 as a function of a change in the internal pressure of the reducing agent. After closing the check valve, the reducing agent 13 can be conveyed only in the direction of the exhaust system. According to the method according to the invention, after the check valve 13 has been closed, the reducing agent is directed in the direction of the exhaust gas system.
  • a porous body not shown in the figure is provided for improving the conversion of the reducing agent.
  • the body is catalytically active, wherein the use of spielmik metal foam such as stainless steel, aluminum and the like. Or ceramic is conceivable.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de dosage comprenant une pompe de dosage (10) pour ajuster une quantité de refoulement d'un agent de réduction. Ledit agent de réduction sert à effectuer un traitement ultérieur des gaz d'échappement dégagés de moteurs à combustion interne et peut être introduit dans le système de gaz d'échappement au moyen de la pompe de dosage (10), le long d'un sens de refoulement de mode de fonctionnement normal (15), depuis un réservoir (11), par l'intermédiaire d'une unité de traitement (12) située en amont d'un système de gaz d'échappement. Il est prévu de placer, vu dans le sens de refoulement de mode de fonctionnement normal (15), en amont de l'unité de traitement (12), un clapet antiretour (13), qui peut être fermé en fonction d'une modification de la pression intérieure de l'agent de réduction dans l'unité de traitement (12). L'invention concerne également un procédé correspondant.
PCT/EP2005/054514 2004-10-27 2005-09-12 Dispositif de dosage et procede d'exploitation d'un dispositif de dosage WO2006045671A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004052189A DE102004052189A1 (de) 2004-10-27 2004-10-27 Dosiervorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Dosiervorrichtung
DE102004052189.1 2004-10-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006045671A1 true WO2006045671A1 (fr) 2006-05-04

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PCT/EP2005/054514 WO2006045671A1 (fr) 2004-10-27 2005-09-12 Dispositif de dosage et procede d'exploitation d'un dispositif de dosage

Country Status (2)

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DE (1) DE102004052189A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006045671A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2572729C2 (ru) * 2011-08-22 2016-01-20 Камминз Эмишн Солюшн Инк. Циклы промывки для системы впрыска мочевины

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007011184A1 (de) * 2007-03-06 2008-09-11 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Wärmetauscher zur Kühlung von Abgas, Vorrichtung zur Überführung einer flüssigen Harnstofflösung in zumindest gasförmiges Ammoniak, System zur Abgaskühlung, Verfahren zur Rückführung von Abgas und zur Stickoxidreduzierung
DE102008056860A1 (de) 2008-11-12 2010-05-20 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur selektiven katalytischen Reduktion von Stickoxiden im Abgas von Brennkraftmaschinen
SE1350273A1 (sv) * 2013-03-07 2014-09-08 Scania Cv Ab Anordning och förfarande för val av maximal reduktionsmedelsdosering vid ett SCR-system för avgasrening

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19946902A1 (de) * 1999-09-30 2001-04-05 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vorrichtung zum Nachbehandeln von Abgasen einer Brennkraftmaschine
EP1316688A2 (fr) * 2001-12-03 2003-06-04 PUReM Abgassysteme GmbH & Co. KG Système avec dispositif de dosage d'agent de réduction
DE10251472A1 (de) * 2002-11-06 2004-05-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Nachbehandlung von Abgasen und Anordnung hierzu
DE10254981A1 (de) * 2002-11-26 2004-06-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Entfernung eines Reduktionsmittels aus einer Apparatur zum Nachbehandeln von Abgasen einer Brennkraftmaschine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19946902A1 (de) * 1999-09-30 2001-04-05 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vorrichtung zum Nachbehandeln von Abgasen einer Brennkraftmaschine
EP1316688A2 (fr) * 2001-12-03 2003-06-04 PUReM Abgassysteme GmbH & Co. KG Système avec dispositif de dosage d'agent de réduction
DE10251472A1 (de) * 2002-11-06 2004-05-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Nachbehandlung von Abgasen und Anordnung hierzu
DE10254981A1 (de) * 2002-11-26 2004-06-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Entfernung eines Reduktionsmittels aus einer Apparatur zum Nachbehandeln von Abgasen einer Brennkraftmaschine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2572729C2 (ru) * 2011-08-22 2016-01-20 Камминз Эмишн Солюшн Инк. Циклы промывки для системы впрыска мочевины

Also Published As

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