Temporary sealing material and/or adhesive
The invention relates to temporary sealing materials and/or ad- hesives for the dental sector.
In many industrial applications, the need for temporary sealant materials and/or adhesives exists, thus in particular also in the case of medical applications such as, for example, in the dental sector in adhering temporary dental bridges, crowns or the like, or alternatively for the temporary filling of dental cavities .
Addition-crosslinking silicone compositions have been known for a long time, in particular as moulding compositions in the den¬ tal sector. These moulding compositions have no adhesive and/or adhesion properties.
From the document DE 197 09 531, a two-component silicone compo¬ sition is known which is suitable for use as a root-filling ma¬ terial; further application possibilities cannot be inferred from the document.
From the document US 6,093,755, specific addition-crosslinking silicone compositions are known as temporary sealing materials containing selected inorganic filling materials for use in the dental sector.
None of the documents mentioned discloses a silicone composition for use as a temporary adhesive, or for the temporary sealing of different types of cavities in the dental sector than root cavi¬ ties .
It is therefore an object of the invention to overcome the dis¬ advantages of the known compositions, in particular thus to make available a temporary sealing material and/or adhesive having a broad possible application spectrum, which has both outstanding adhesive and sealing properties, but is also simply removable if required, and which moreover fulfils the toxicological require¬ ments of the medical sector.
The invention relates to compositions for the abovementioned ap¬ plications, which are based on addition-crosslinking silicones, preferably also using, in particular, ion-donating additives.
The invention relates to the use of an addition-cross-linked silicone composition as a temporary adhesive in the dental sec¬ tor, preferably for the temporary fixing of crowns or bridges, wherein it is possible to prepare the silicone composition by mixing at least one component A and at least one component B, which cure after mixing with one another, where
- component A comprises a first silicone compound or mixtures of first silicone compounds which contain SiH groups;
- component B comprises a second silicone compound or mix¬ tures of second silicone compounds which contain vinyl groups; at least one of the components A or B contains an addition catalyst, optionally in at least one of components A or B, preferably in both components A and B, is contained a filler which is, in particular, ion-donating, preferably selected from the group consisting of glasses, and calcium-, zinc-, carbon¬ ate-, fluoride- and/or phosphate-containing additives.
The invention further relates to the use of an addition- crosslinked silicone composition as a temporary sealing material
in the dental sector, preferably for the temporary sealing of dental cavities, wherein it is possible to prepare the silicone composition by mixing at least one component A and at least one component B, which cure after mixing with one another, where
- component A comprises a first silicone compound or mixtures of first silicone compounds which contain SiH groups;
- component B comprises a second silicone compound or mix¬ tures of second silicone compounds which contain vinyl groups; at least one of the components A or B contains an addition catalyst, in at least one of components A or B, preferably in both components A and B, is contained a filler which is, in par¬ ticular, ion-donating, preferably selected from the group consisting of glasses, and calcium-, zinc-, carbonate-, fluoride- and/or phosphate-containing additives, and where the use as a temporary sealing material in the dental sector does not include the use as a root-filling material.
Surprisingly, it has been found that the above compositions have such outstandingly balanced properties with respect to adhesive and sealing strength and removability that they are suitable not only as a root-filling material, but both as, in particular, dental adhesives and as a temporary filling material for, in particular, relatively small and also exposed dental cavities. For root-filling materials, the adhesion demands on the filling material, on account of the narrow and long channel, which therefore has a large surface area, are in practice signifi¬ cantly less critical than for, in particular, exposed surface cavities. For cavities of this type too, it has now surprisingly- been found that the compositions according to the invention, in particular as a result of the use of the preferably ion-donating
filler in an adequate extent, are outstanding temporary adhe- sives and sealing compositions.
In a preferred embodiment, the first silicone compound is or comprises a hydrogenpolymethyldisiloxane.
In a further embodiment, the second silicone compound comprises a monofunctional silicone compound, in particular vinylpoly- methyldisiloxane.
In a further preferred embodiment, the second silicone compound is or comprises a polyfunctional silicone compound, in particu¬ lar a bifunctional silicone compound, preferably vinylpolydi- methyldisiloxane.
In a further particularly preferred embodiment, the composition comprises, as a catalyst, a platinum-containing catalyst, in particular all Pt(O) complexes which can preferably be prepared from hexachloro-platinic acid. A particularly preferred catalyst is, for example, the Karstedt catalyst.
Optionally, retardants of the addition or crosslinking reaction, for example divinyltetramethyldisiloxane or tetravinyltetrame- thylcyclotetrasiloxane, can be added to the compositions accord¬ ing to the invention, depending on the intended application. According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the compo¬ sition further comprises the additive which is, in particular, ion-donating, in a proportion, which is increased compared with the prior art, to the cured total mixture of 15 to 80% by weight, preferably in a proportion of 15 to 50% by weight, par¬ ticularly preferably of 15 to 40% by weight.
The additives which are, in particular, ion-donating can be glasses, and calcium-, zinc-, carbonate-, fluoride- and/or phos¬ phate-containing additives . Examples of calcium-containing ad¬ mixtures are calcium carbonate, hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phos¬ phate and tetracalcium phosphate. Zinc oxide can be used as a zinc-containing additive.
In the context of the invention, zinc oxide ZnO is preferably used as an inorganic filler having the properties of an ion- donating additive. Outstanding processing and adhesive and/or sealing properties of the material according to the invention are in particular brought about hereby. It has surprisingly been found that by means of a content of the preferably ion-donating filler which is increased compared with the prior art, out¬ standing adhesion properties of the compositions according to the invention are achieved. It is at present assumed that the improved adhesion properties are to be attributed to a suction effect brought about by the increased amount of the filler and a greater hardness and stability of the composition which is brought about in such a way. Thus, in a hitherto unknown manner, outstandingly balanced properties of compositions of temporary- sealing materials and/or adhesives can be achieved, which are both simple to remove and have outstanding temporary adhesive and/or sealing properties. Zinc oxide moreover has opacity to X- rays and has a disinfecting effect, and thus replaces a multi¬ plicity of additives admixed separately in the prior art. Zinc oxide is preferably equally distributed in a proportion to the cured total mixture of 15 to 80% by weight, preferably in a pro¬ portion of 15 to 50% by weight, particularly preferably of 15 to 40% by weight, to the two components A and B.
In particularly preferred embodiments of the invention, the com¬ position further comprises in at least one of the components A
or B, preferably in both components A and B, at least one vi- nylalkoxysiloxane or vinylalkoxysilane, preferably vinyltrieth- oxysilane. As a result of the use of these additives, it was surprisingly possible to bring about a further improvement in the adhesion properties of the compositions according to the in¬ vention. The vinylalkoxysiloxane or vinylalkoxysilane is pref¬ erably admixed in a proportion of 0.5 - 5% by weight, particu¬ larly preferably of 1 to 3% by weight, to the total mixture of the composition according to the invention.
According to the respective application, a composition according to the invention can contain further additives selected from the group comprising inert fillers (in particular inert inorganic fillers such as, for example, quartz, silicates, wollastonite or alumina) , X-ray contrast agents (such as, for example, BaSCU) , glass ionomer powders, plastifying additives (preferably sili¬ cone oil and/or paraffin oil), thixotropifying additives, disin¬ fecting additives .
Suitable thixotropifying fillers are, in particular, amorphous silica modifications, for example pyrogenic and precipitated silicic acid and kieselguhr. Agglomerated pyrogenic silicic ac¬ ids or sintered silica gel, such as are described in EP-O 040 232 and EP-O 113 926, are particularly suitable. These fillers are less prone to afterthickening and have the characteristic that their thixotropic behaviour is uniform and is barely de¬ pendent on how rapidly processing takes place.
Fillers for use in the compositions according to the invention can advantageously be surface-coated, for example silanized, in a manner known per se to improve the compatibility.
The invention is illustrated in greater detail below with the aid of two specific exemplary embodiments and a comparison exam¬ ple, without the invention being restricted hereto.
Exemplary embodiment 1 :
Component A:
20 g of vinylsiloxane mixture (1,300 mPas, vinyl content 0.4 mmol/g) ; 17 g of hydrogensiloxane mixture (35 mPas, hydrogen content
7.00 mmol/g) ;
3 g of highly disperse silanized silicic acid; 30 g of calcium carbonate; 15 g of zinc oxide; 15 g of wollastonite. The components are intimately mixed.
Component B:
38 g of vinylsiloxane mixture (200 mPas, vinyl content 0.4 mmol/g) ;
3 g of highly disperse silanized silicic acid;
29.7 g of calcium carbonate;
15 g of zinc oxide;
14 g of wollastonite;
0.3 g of divinyltetramethyldisiloxane (retardant) ; Pt(O) com¬ plex (Karstedt catalyst, 200 ppm) .
The components are likewise intimately mixed.
In each case 1 g of the pasty components A and B are mixed for 30 sec. and cure after a few minutes to give an elastomeric sub¬ stance having a Shore A hardness of approximately 80. This com¬ position can be used for adhering a crown and can easily be re¬ moved from the tooth again after a few days . The temporary fill-
ing of a dental cavity is also possible without problems using this composition.
With respect to their exact composition in view of the applica¬ tion intended in each case, suitable vinyl-siloxane mixtures and the hydrogensiloxane mixture can readily be mixed and prepared from commercially obtainable siloxanes by the person skilled in the art in routine experiments . The aforementioned mixture has outstanding properties both as a temporary adhesive and as a sealing composition in the dental sector.
Exemplary embodiment 2 :
In a further exemplary embodiment, a composition according to the invention is put together in the following way:
Component A:
18 g of vinylsiloxane mixture (200 mPas, vinyl content 0.4 mmol/g) ; 11 g of hydrogensiloxane mixture (35 mPas, hydrogen content
7.0 mmol/g) ;
I g of vinyltriethoxysilane; 70 g of zinc oxide. The components are intimately mixed.
Component B:
29.75 g of vinylsiloxane mixture (200 mPas, vinyl content 0.4 mmol/g) ;
0.25 g of divinyltetramethyldisiloxane (retardant) ; 70 g of zinc oxide;
Pt(O) complex (Karstedt catalyst, 200 ppm) . The components are likewise intimately mixed.
In each case 1 g of the pasty components A and B are mixed for 30 sec. and cure after a few minutes to give an elastomeric sub¬ stance having a Shore A hardness of approximately 85. This com¬ position can be used for adhering a crown and can easily be re¬ moved from the tooth again after a few days. This composition is outstandingly suitable, in particular for the temporary filling of a dental cavity.
A crown for a model stump made of commercially available polyes¬ ter casting resin (ViscoVoss GTS, Vosschemie) was prepared from temporary C&B material (CoolTemp, Coltene AG) by means of Core- former (ParaForm #9, Coltene/Whaledent Inc.) . The temporary ad¬ hesive was applied directly by means of a static mixer to the crown, and this was mounted on the model stump and the excess was removed. Subsequently, the test article was stored in water at 370C for 24 h according to ISO TR 11405/1994 and then treated in a thermocycler for 500 cycles at 50C and 550C, and an immer¬ sion time of 30 s per bath. The necessary suction forces were subsequently measured at a traverse rate of 0.5 mm/s. A suction force of 53.0 ± 2.3 N was determined, which underlines the out¬ standing suitability of the adhesive and sealing composition ac¬ cording to the invention, in particular as a temporary adhesive, but also as a temporary sealing material. As a reference, tests articles were stored in water at 370C for 24 h.
Comparison example:
For comparison purposes, a material with a relatively small ad¬ dition of, in particular, ion-donating filler was prepared. The composition of the comparison example is put together as fol¬ lows :
Component A:
54 g of vinylsiloxane mixture (200 mPas, vinyl content 0.4 mmol/g) 33 g of hydrogensiloxane mixture (35 mPas, hydrogen content
7.0 mmol/g)
3 g of vinyltriethoxysilane 10 g of zinc oxide. The components are intimately mixed.
Component B:
89.25 g of vinylsiloxane mixture (200 mPas, vinyl content 0.4 mmol/g)
0.75 g of divinyltetramethyldisiloxane 10 g of zinc oxide
Pt(O) complex (Karstedt catalyst, 200 ppm) . The components are likewise intimately mixed.
In each case 1 g of the pasty components A and B are mixed for 30 sec. and cure after a few minutes to give an elastomeric sub¬ stance having a Shore A hardness of approximately 40. According to the test method mentioned in Exemplary Embodiment 2, the nec¬ essary suction forces were determined when using this material as a temporary adhesive for a crown. A significantly lower suc¬ tion force of 15.5 ± 3.8 N was determined. This composition is unsuitable for the temporary adhering, for example, of a crown, and also of only limited suitability for the temporary filling of a dental cavity, for example in the case of a very deep cav¬ ity having a correspondingly greater, internal contact surface area. For comparison: According to the above test method, a com¬ mercially available zinc oxide-eugenol cement has a suction force of 30.9 ± 5.4 N.