WO2006045563A1 - Method for adding a multi-component detergent additive in a water leading household appliance - Google Patents
Method for adding a multi-component detergent additive in a water leading household appliance Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006045563A1 WO2006045563A1 PCT/EP2005/011368 EP2005011368W WO2006045563A1 WO 2006045563 A1 WO2006045563 A1 WO 2006045563A1 EP 2005011368 W EP2005011368 W EP 2005011368W WO 2006045563 A1 WO2006045563 A1 WO 2006045563A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- compartment
- liquid
- household appliance
- cleaning
- program
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
- A47L15/42—Details
- A47L15/44—Devices for adding cleaning agents; Devices for dispensing cleaning agents, rinsing aids or deodorants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
- A47L15/42—Details
- A47L15/44—Devices for adding cleaning agents; Devices for dispensing cleaning agents, rinsing aids or deodorants
- A47L15/4436—Devices for adding cleaning agents; Devices for dispensing cleaning agents, rinsing aids or deodorants in the form of a detergent solution made by gradually dissolving a powder detergent cake or a solid detergent block
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00
- D06F39/02—Devices for adding soap or other washing agents
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for adding or supplying a multi-component solid detergent additive to the cleaning process during a program sequence of a water leading household appliance, in particular a dishwasher, as well as a water leading household appliance having a device for using a multi- component detergent additive.
- the suppliers of dishwasher detergents offer so-called three- in-one or two-in-one detergent tablets being composed of several detergent additives as multi-component-type to be used in dishwashers. Composed for example of a detergent for the main wash, a water softener for softening the water and a rinse aid for rinsing the dishes loaded in the dishwasher for washing. According to the requirements, the manufacturers of household appliances offer dishwashers having a. selectable program cycle, in which by means of pressing buttons the adding of softeners or rinse aid from separate dosing devices is blocked. Before starting the program cycle the multi- component detergent tablet is for example placed in the cutlery basket or in the dosing device being generally used for the main wash detergent.
- the detergent tablet is exposed to the circulating washing liquid from the beginning of the program sequence and the particular components of the detergent tablet dissolve more or less defined during the different phases of the program sequence (pare-wash/main wash/clear rinsing) .
- the detergent tablet is subject to conditions being difficult to control, such as a mechanical movement due to flow change or turbulences and high differences in the provided amount of washing liquid, for example, if the tablet is covered by dishes and is not directly exposed to a spray jet of a spray arm.
- This can cause heavy delay effects between the individual cleaning phases, for example the rinse aid is already dissolved during the main wash or the main wash detergent is only completely dissolved during the rinsing.
- the results of the particular program sections can not be optimal.
- Dissolving particular components of a multi -component solid detergent additive is substantially dependent on the reaction time of a dissolving liquid, its temperatuire and the mechanic effect of liquid upon detergent additives.
- the solid detergent additives in the multi-component solid detergent additive may be provided e.g. as tablets (compressed powder) or loose powder, in which the components of the detergent additive are mixed up with each other.
- dissolving detergent additives is not carried out directly in the cleaning region of the household appliance, for example in the washing compartment of a dishwasher or in the washing drum of a washing machine, but in a separate compartment of the household appliance to which liquid for dissolving detergent additives or detergent additive components may be controllably fed.
- a liquid supply to the separate compartment is at least partially effected independent of the time (and amount) of liquid, distribution in a cleaning compartment (e.g. leaching or washing compartment) of a household appliance.
- the compar-tment is for example a pull-out drawer for storing detergent additives, into which via a separate supply pipe liquid, is fed and from there drained into the cleaning compar-tment of the household appliance.
- it is a dosing device having a compartment adjacent to the cleaning compartment, the cover of which may be opened and closed in a time-controlled marxner.
- the detergent additives may contain detergents for the main wash, bleaching agents, softeners and fabric softeners. Also those dissolve in dependency of the liquid reaction time, the liquid! amount and the liquid temperature, so that the detergent for the main wash is preferentially dissolved during this time, while for example a fabric softener dissolves only very slowly in order to be fed then during tl ⁇ e fabric softening process.
- the detergent additives stored in the compartment are not permanently provided with liquid during the program sequence but for predefined times and during a predefined period of time only, so that the dissolving of detergent additives is systematically effected at desired points of time during the individual program sections.
- dissolving is carried out under predefined reproducible conditions, wherein in the compartment already the complete dissolving- of the detergent additive component or at least the rough di_ssolving is carried out, followed by a complete dissolving in the actual cleaning cycle.
- the reaction times, the fed liquid amount and/or the temperature are acjain optimized dependent on the used detergent additives. Those are for example known from the information given by' the detergent manufacturer and may be considered dependent on the detergent type as regards the control of liquid suppILy to the compartment.
- a first liquid supply is carried out during the main wash, so that the detergent is dissolved for the main wash.
- A. further supply of liquid is then carried out just before or c ⁇ uring the clear rinsing, in which then the clear rinse aid component of the detergent additive is dissolved and added for the clear rinsing.
- the liquid supplied into the compartment is fresh water of the fresh water supply of the appliance, or is preferentially the cleaning liquid already used in the household appliance, from which a part is branched off and fed into the compartment.
- This cleaning liquid is preferentially pro-vided from the circulating cycle of the household appliance, for example in a dishwasher from the washing liquid fed to a top shower or an upper spray arm.
- the liquid supply into the compartment may only be carried out, if the liquid is circulated in the circulating cycle, however, the supply within the possibly existing intervals of the liquid circulating cycle in the household appliance is in turn not permanently carried out during the entire circulating intervals but in controlled time intervals only.
- the supply of the liquid taken from the cleaning liquicl of the household appliance is preferentially carried out only, if this has a predefined temperature or a temperature in a predefined range.
- a very high temperature of the circulated liquid is set, which is then supplied in a controlled manner into the compartment for dissolving the otherwise heavily dissolvable clear rinse aid component of the detergent additive.
- the user of the household appliance may preferably input different program options by means of an input device, for example, whether a three-in-one detergent additive, a two-in- one detergent additive or conventionally only a detergent for the main program section is stored in the compartment.
- an input device for example, whether a three-in-one detergent additive, a two-in- one detergent additive or conventionally only a detergent for the main program section is stored in the compartment.
- detergent additives may be inputted, so that the household appliance control unit controls the optimal points of time, periods of time and/or temperatures of the liquid supply into the compartment.
- a closing device arranged over an opening between a cleaning compartment and a compartment for storing a detergent for the liquid in the appliance is operable by means of an actuator, so that the opening may be completely or partially closed or opened.
- Fig. IA and IB a schematical view of a dosing device having a cover supported for pivoting an angle of
- Fig. 2 a further preferred embodiment of a dispensing unit according to the invention.
- Fig. 3A und 3B detailed perspective views of the dispensing unit according to Fig. 2.
- Figs. IA and IB show a schematic perspective view of a first dosing combination device 1 being mounted with its inner panel 3 onto an inner wall 2 of the loading door of a dishwasher _
- the dosing combination device 1 comprises a compartment 4 for solid detergent and a liquid dosing apparatus 5 (not further shown in detail herein) being arranged adjacent to the compartment 4.
- a cover 6 for closing and opening the compartment 4 is supponrted at a shaft 7 being guided through the front side of the inner panel 3 to the inside of the loading door and being supported therein.
- Cover 6 and shaft 7 are fixedly connected to each other in this embodiment and may be formed as one-piece four example.
- the cover 6 is pivotable by an angle of 90° around its pivoting point (shaft I) 1 as illustrated in Fig. IB by means of the double arrow.
- the cover 6 covers the opening of the compartment 4 so that in. this position no washing liquid gets to the detergent stored in the compartment 4.
- the cover releases tlie compartment so that the detergent stored in the compa:rtment is provided with washing liquid.
- the pivoting movement o ⁇ the cover 6 is parallel to the front side of the inner panel 3 and also parallel to the region of the inner wall 2 being adjacent to the device 1.
- a grille 8 or net is arranged at the lower portion of the compartment opening and prevents a detergent tablet or bigger parts of a partially dissolved detergent tablet to fall out when closing the loading door or wlender opening the cover 6.
- the opening of the compartment 4 which is not covered by the grille 8, is big enough to easily fill a detergent tablet or pearls thereinto.
- the program cycle control of the dishwasher controls a motor (not shown) connected to the shaft 7, such that at pr-edefined times of the program sections the cover 6 is completeIy or partially pivoted sideways and the compartment 4 including the detergent tablet stored therein is exposed. After the opening the motor moves the cover back into the closed position.
- the liquid amount entering into the opening 4 may be adjlisted by means of the partial opening degree.
- Fig. 2 shows a further preferred embodiment for storLng and adding detergents in a dishwasher.
- a dispensing unit 16 is arranged as a drawer-like pull-out tray.
- the output unit 16 can be puLled out so that the feed openings 17, 18 and 19 to be loaded with detergent are opened, as shown in Fig. 3A.
- a pre-wash detergent is filled into the feed opening 17
- a main wash detergent is filled into the feed opening 18
- a clear rinse aid is filled into the feed opening 19.
- liquid is supplied into the openings 1.7, 18 or 19 in dependency of the program section. For example at the beginning of the main wash liquid is supplied to opening 18 and at the beginning of the clear rinsing liquid is supplied to opening 19 so that the desired detergent for the corresponding program section is available. As shown in Fig. 3B the liquid mixed with the corresponding detergent flows out of the dispensing openings 21, 22, 23 corresponding to the feed openings 17, 18 and 19 into the washing compartment 10.
- the dishwasher comprises an input unit where by means of a special button it is indicated whether, instead of single components to be separately filled, a combination detergent having two or more components each for a different phase of the program cycle or sequence is used by the user.
- a combination detergent having two or more components each for a different phase of the program cycle or sequence is used by the user.
- tt ⁇ e combination detergent is filled into the opening or receptacle 4 in the form of a detergent tablet or a very coantrse detergent powder (pearls)
- pearls very coantrse detergent powder
- the liquid supply into one of the other compartments 17 or 19 is then interrupted after selecting this program option (multi- component detergent) depending on which of the detergents (pre-wash detergent, clear rinse aid) is already contained as a component in the multi-component detergent.
- the program sequence control is modified such that, if the combination detergent contains a pre-wash detergent, the liquid is not supplied into compartment 17 but into v compartment 18. If the combination detergent contains also a clear rinse aid component, the clear xinse aid is not fed from compartment 19 but the liquid is only supplied to compartment 18 in order to dissolve and wash out the clear rinse aid component there.
- compartments is preferentially branched off the circulating cycle feeding herein washing liquid for example to a top shower or an upper spray arm.
- A. corresponding valve for controlled interruption or feeding of liquid to one of the compartments 17, 18, 19 is respectively provided.
- a pre-wash detergent feed opening 17
- a softener solution from a regeneration unit not shown
- a clear rinse aid from the feed opening 19 or the Liquid dosing apparatus 5
- All detergent components are successively dissolved from the multi-component tablet stored in the compartment 4 or in the feed opening 18.
- the pre-wash detergent is for example arranged on the outside of the multi-component tablet and dissolves already after a short period of time when provided with cold liquid.
- the cold washing liquid is supplied for three minutes through the feed opening 18 or the cover 6 is completely opened so that during the pre-wash and the running spray arm the washing liquid pours into the compartment 4 and dissolves there the outer layer of the multi-component tablet. Then the cover 6 is closed or the liquid supply to the feed opening 18 is interrupted, so that the dissolving process of the multi-component tablet is interrupted.
- the detergent is available for pre-wash.
- the washing liquid After termination of pre-wash the washing liquid in turn is supplied to the feed opening 18 after heating the washing liquid circulated within the dish-washer to a medium temperature of about 30 0 C, or the cover 6 of the compartment 4 is opened for about five minutes. In this period the cover 6 is thereby opened only partially or the liquid flow through the feed opening 18 is reduced, so that there is no mechanic stress onto the detergent tablet and advanced dissolving of the clear rinse aid is prevented. After these five minutes the partially opened cover 6 is closed again or the liquid supply to the feed opening 18 is interrupted. Thus the main wash detergent is available for the main wash.
- the washing liquid circulated in the dishwasher is heavily heated, for example to 50 0 C, and already at the beginning of clear rinsing a portion of the circulated liquid is fed into the feed opening 18 or supplied via the upper spray arm into the compartment 4 with the cover 6 being opened. This is continued during the entire liquid circulation of clear rinsing, so that the compartment 4 is completely washed or clear rinsing liquid from the circulation cycle is continuously fed into the feed opening 18, so that the compartments 8, 18 are completely cleared from detergent and cleaned.
- the opened state during the main wash is correspondingly elongated in time, if no pre-wash is provided, so that during main wasli the pre-wash detergent and the main wash detergent dissolve .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Washing And Drying Of Tableware (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Detail Structures Of Washing Machines And Dryers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN2005800374530A CN101052340B (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2005-10-22 | Method for adding a multi-component detergent additive in a water leading household appliance |
US11/577,744 US8679257B2 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2005-10-22 | Method for adding a multi-component detergent additive in a water leading household appliance |
EP05799085A EP1855577A1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2005-10-22 | Method for adding a multi-component detergent additive in a water leading household appliance |
CA2586455A CA2586455C (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2005-10-22 | Method for adding a multi-component detergent additive in a water leading household appliance |
AU2005298889A AU2005298889B2 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2005-10-22 | Household washing appliance and method for adding a multi-component detergent additive in a household washing appliance |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04025724.8 | 2004-10-29 | ||
EP04025724A EP1652463A1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2004-10-29 | Method for dispensing a multicomponent detergent additive in an water-carrying domestic appliance |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006045563A1 true WO2006045563A1 (en) | 2006-05-04 |
Family
ID=34927159
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2005/011368 WO2006045563A1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2005-10-22 | Method for adding a multi-component detergent additive in a water leading household appliance |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8679257B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP1652463A1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20070089680A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101052340B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2005298889B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2586455C (en) |
RU (1) | RU2399365C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006045563A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104820443A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-08-05 | 潘霞 | Liquid material automatic feeding system |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006058793B8 (en) | 2006-12-12 | 2008-05-08 | Miele & Cie. Kg | Method for carrying out a washing program |
DE102006061150A1 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-06-26 | BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH | Water-conducting household appliance with a detergent adding device |
DE102008039073B4 (en) * | 2008-08-21 | 2010-06-17 | Rational Ag | Chemical container for a food processor and food processor with it |
DE102009027127B3 (en) * | 2009-06-23 | 2010-12-30 | BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH | Automatic controlled washing machine with a detergent dispenser |
US20110271984A1 (en) | 2010-05-06 | 2011-11-10 | Whirlpool Corporation | Adapting dishwasher operation to external factors |
US8932411B2 (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2015-01-13 | Whirlpool Corporation | Method for controlling zonal washing in a dishwasher |
DE102011078471A1 (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2013-01-03 | BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH | Program controlled household washing machine |
JP6479037B2 (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2019-03-06 | バクテリオスキャン エルティーディー | Optical measurement cuvette with sample chamber |
DE102016225833A1 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-21 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Method for dosing cleaning agents |
US11540694B2 (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2023-01-03 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Method for setting a time of a release of a cleaning agent during a cleaning cycle in a household appliance |
US11099121B2 (en) | 2019-02-05 | 2021-08-24 | BacterioScan Inc. | Cuvette device for determining antibacterial susceptibility |
IT202000013441A1 (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2021-12-05 | Eltek Spa | WASHING AGENTS DISPENSER FOR DISHWASHERS |
DE102021213619A1 (en) | 2021-12-01 | 2023-06-01 | BSH Hausgeräte GmbH | Detergent tank and household steamer |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1521760A (en) * | 1975-02-28 | 1978-08-16 | Miele & Cie | Charging device for powdery washing or rinsing agents for a washing or dishwashing machine |
EP0725182A1 (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 1996-08-07 | Bosch-Siemens HausgerÀ¤te GmbH | Water supply device for household appliance with water flow |
EP1002494A1 (en) * | 1998-11-18 | 2000-05-24 | Esswein S.A. | Detergent dispensing device for dishwasher |
EP1245180A2 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-02 | Merloni Elettrodomestici S.p.A. | Household dishwashing machine with dispenser device for washing agents |
US20030080162A1 (en) * | 2001-10-25 | 2003-05-01 | Hegeman Arjan Johannes | Dishwasher detergent dispenser |
EP1319360A1 (en) * | 2001-12-06 | 2003-06-18 | CANDY S.p.A. | Domestic dishwasher with a front loading door having a recessed panel and a detergent measurer/dispenser supported by the upper rack |
DE10220839A1 (en) * | 2002-05-08 | 2003-12-04 | Miele & Cie | Dishwasher and washing process has additional operating elements to alter the washing and rinsing cycles according to need |
DE20311433U1 (en) * | 2003-07-10 | 2003-12-11 | Aweco Appliance Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Dishwasher has dosing device connected to liquid line to deliver flushing liquid for flushing out cleaning agent from cleaning agent chamber for feeding cleaning agent into cleaning process |
Family Cites Families (8)
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US4569781A (en) * | 1978-02-07 | 1986-02-11 | Economics Laboratory, Inc. | Cast detergent-containing article and method of using |
DE3623027A1 (en) | 1986-07-09 | 1988-01-28 | Miele & Cie | Feeding device in dishwashers for a cleaning agent, in particular pulverulent cleaning agent |
US4808236A (en) * | 1987-10-30 | 1989-02-28 | Diversey Corporation | Unitary dishwashing product comprising detergent block in container and use thereof |
WO2001004258A1 (en) * | 1999-07-09 | 2001-01-18 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Detergent or cleaning agent portion |
US6773668B1 (en) * | 2000-04-17 | 2004-08-10 | Ecolab, Inc. | Detergent dispenser |
US20030168085A1 (en) * | 2002-03-07 | 2003-09-11 | Sowle Eddie D. | Detergent dispenser |
EP1479813A1 (en) * | 2003-05-21 | 2004-11-24 | AWECO APPLIANCE SYSTEMS GmbH & Co. KG | Household appliance with flushing device for dosing unit |
US7275552B2 (en) * | 2003-12-13 | 2007-10-02 | Whirlpool Corporation | Dishwasher with bulk wash aid dispenser |
-
2004
- 2004-10-29 EP EP04025724A patent/EP1652463A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-10-22 KR KR1020077011990A patent/KR20070089680A/en active Search and Examination
- 2005-10-22 WO PCT/EP2005/011368 patent/WO2006045563A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-10-22 AU AU2005298889A patent/AU2005298889B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-10-22 CA CA2586455A patent/CA2586455C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-10-22 EP EP05799085A patent/EP1855577A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-10-22 RU RU2007119714/12A patent/RU2399365C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-10-22 US US11/577,744 patent/US8679257B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-10-22 CN CN2005800374530A patent/CN101052340B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1521760A (en) * | 1975-02-28 | 1978-08-16 | Miele & Cie | Charging device for powdery washing or rinsing agents for a washing or dishwashing machine |
EP0725182A1 (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 1996-08-07 | Bosch-Siemens HausgerÀ¤te GmbH | Water supply device for household appliance with water flow |
EP1002494A1 (en) * | 1998-11-18 | 2000-05-24 | Esswein S.A. | Detergent dispensing device for dishwasher |
EP1245180A2 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-02 | Merloni Elettrodomestici S.p.A. | Household dishwashing machine with dispenser device for washing agents |
US20030080162A1 (en) * | 2001-10-25 | 2003-05-01 | Hegeman Arjan Johannes | Dishwasher detergent dispenser |
EP1319360A1 (en) * | 2001-12-06 | 2003-06-18 | CANDY S.p.A. | Domestic dishwasher with a front loading door having a recessed panel and a detergent measurer/dispenser supported by the upper rack |
DE10220839A1 (en) * | 2002-05-08 | 2003-12-04 | Miele & Cie | Dishwasher and washing process has additional operating elements to alter the washing and rinsing cycles according to need |
DE20311433U1 (en) * | 2003-07-10 | 2003-12-11 | Aweco Appliance Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Dishwasher has dosing device connected to liquid line to deliver flushing liquid for flushing out cleaning agent from cleaning agent chamber for feeding cleaning agent into cleaning process |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104820443A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-08-05 | 潘霞 | Liquid material automatic feeding system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1855577A1 (en) | 2007-11-21 |
CN101052340B (en) | 2010-09-29 |
CA2586455C (en) | 2011-01-11 |
RU2007119714A (en) | 2008-12-10 |
US20080283091A1 (en) | 2008-11-20 |
RU2399365C2 (en) | 2010-09-20 |
CA2586455A1 (en) | 2006-05-04 |
KR20070089680A (en) | 2007-08-31 |
EP1652463A1 (en) | 2006-05-03 |
AU2005298889B2 (en) | 2011-10-27 |
US8679257B2 (en) | 2014-03-25 |
AU2005298889A1 (en) | 2006-05-04 |
CN101052340A (en) | 2007-10-10 |
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