WO2006043156A1 - Treatment process for bars - Google Patents
Treatment process for bars Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006043156A1 WO2006043156A1 PCT/IB2005/003132 IB2005003132W WO2006043156A1 WO 2006043156 A1 WO2006043156 A1 WO 2006043156A1 IB 2005003132 W IB2005003132 W IB 2005003132W WO 2006043156 A1 WO2006043156 A1 WO 2006043156A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- bars
- solution quenching
- process according
- line
- rolling
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
- C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0075—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rods of limited length
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
- C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
- C21D9/573—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with cooling
- C21D9/5732—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with cooling of wires; of rods
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an in-line treatment process of rolled bars, in par ⁇ ticular to a solution quenching treatment, at the outlet of the rolling train, of bars in stainless steel, nickel alloys or other alloys that require rapid cooling after rolling.
- the structure of austenitic steels is practically composed only of austenite stable at ambient temperature; the chromium carbides, which may be held in supersatu ⁇ rated solid solution in the austenite, are capable of precipitating, at the austenite grain boundary, when the steel is heated in the interval ranging from 450 to 850 0 C or cooled slowly through this interval.
- the considerable carbide-forming power of the Cr causes disproportionation of the alloy at the grain boundary, while in the centre of the grains the Cr content remains practically unchanged.
- the content of free Cr that is, not bonded to form carbides, drops locally below the limit of stainlessness (12%), the steel becomes susceptible to inter- granular attack.
- stabilizing elements such as Ti, Nb, V and Ta, together with an off-line stabilization treatment.
- Solution quenching also referred to as “hyperquenching” or “negative quenching” is intended as a rapid cooling treatment to prevent precipitation of chromium car- bides of other secondary phases.
- solution heat treatment makes it possible to increase the resistance to intergranular corro ⁇ sion by delivering a material without areas that are deficient in chromium content and therefore immune to intergranular corrosion.
- the temperature interval in which the solution heat treatment is per ⁇ formed ranges from 950 to 1200 0 C, more frequently from 1000 to 1100 0 C, with holding times of around 1 minute per mm of thickness.
- the treatment is performed at the lowest temperature sufficient to solu- bilize the carbides and to eliminate the degree of stress caused by the various processing cycles, while the permanence at this temperature is strictly related to the thickness of the product treated and must be kept to the minimum times re- quired.
- austenitic stainless steels must be cooled rapidly from the solution treatment temperatures.
- the off-line process consists in quenching, that is, immersing the rolled bars in special tanks of water or suitable fluids. These tanks are usually small in size and allow the treatment of limited length bars, drastically reducing the yield of the plant and overall productivity. In this case, the bars are cooled to be ⁇ low 300 0 C.
- the treatment is performed outside the line, it has the disadvantage of requiring intermediate storage and re-heating from ambient temperature to a temperature of around 1100 to 1200 0 C, with considerable energy consumption as well as con- sumption of material and maintenance. Moreover, the bars must be straightened after quenching in the tank, even simply to be transported and stored. All this re ⁇ quires considerable overall dimensions of the plant, high maintenance and leads to low productivity.
- the in-line treatment provides quenching after hot rolling in a quench tank of water or suitable fluids that can be set up downstream of the rolling mill. In this case, the bars must be straightened after quenching in the tank, even sim ⁇ ply to be transported and stored. All this requires considerable overall dimensions of the plant, high maintenance and leads to low productivity.
- the present invention makes it possible to perform the solution quenching on bars with round, square, hexagonal, rectangular section, directly at the outlet of the rolling mill, and to obtain a high quality product that does not require straightening and is free of scoring and surface defects.
- the process is " performed in a compact plant, without specific maintenance requirements, which allows to eliminate all costs related to intermediate storage of the material, as well as those related to reheatings in furnace, which are necessary for normal off-line treatments.
- This highly flexible system makes it possible to pass from producing one shape to an ⁇ other one without having to perform mechanical intervention with the related loss of time.
- a primary object of the present invention is to produce a treatment process for stainless steel bars, in particular a solution quenching treatment, directly in line downstream of the rolling mill, which makes it possible to obtain a material devoid of intergranular corrosion and with microstructural characteristics suitable for sub ⁇ sequent uses.
- austenitic stainless steels is based on their structure, and even minimum microstructural variations may have a considerable influence on the corrosion behaviour of the final product in different environments.
- these structural variations can have enormous importance, not only in relation to final application, but also in relation to the surface treatments to which the product must be subjected: in fact, corrosion phenomena could also occur during these surface treatments.
- a further object of the invention is to perform the treatment so as to improve the productivity of the entire rolling plant. It is possible to process bars of any length, and this depends only on the size of the final cooling device.
- the devices used for the treatment also allow a drastic reduction in surface defects, improving the overall quality of the finished product.
- the possibility of treating the bars directly in line, at the outlet of the rolling train, avoids intermediate storage and re-heating from ambient temperature to tem ⁇ peratures of around 1100 to 1200 0 C with evident energy saving.
- This treatment is suitable to be performed on austenitic, ferritic or austeno-ferritic stainless steel bars, AI-Cu alloy bars, Nickel superalloy bars, and bars of any other alloy which requires rapid cooling.
- the present invention proposes to achieve the aforementioned objects by providing an in-line heat-treatment process of bars exiting from a rolling mill in which, according to claim 1 , there is provided immediately after at least a first roll- ing stage a solution quenching treatment in a solution quenching line, with a cool ⁇ ing speed such that a first curve, representing bar core temperature trend versus time, does not intersect and stays below a second precipitation curve of secon ⁇ dary phases, tipical for the bar material.
- Figure 1 shows the temperature trend through the section of a first bar during roll ⁇ ing and the treatment of the invention
- Figure 2 shows the temperature trend through the section of a second bar during rolling and the treatment of the invention
- Figure 3 shows the temperature trend through the section of a third bar during rolling and the treatment of the invention.
- Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, show some configurations of a rolling plant that is suitable to perform the treatment in-line of the invention.
- Detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention To determine the treatment process of the invention, which makes it possible to obtain, directly after rolling, a material devoid of intergranular corrosion and with microstructural characteristics suitable for subsequent uses, it was fundamental to identify the following parameters:
- the duration of the treatment according to this invention is a parameter which de ⁇ pends on the dimensions of the bar and on the rolling speed.
- Other important parameters to perform the solution quenching treatment in line, directly downstream of the rolling mill comprise: - rolling parameters, such as speed, reduction ratios and temperature, suitable to guarantee an initial austenitic structure and, therefore, an optimal grain dimension for subsequent uses;
- the necessary flow rates and pressures of the cooling fluid generally water
- the necessary flow rates and pressures of the cooling fluid generally water
- Figures 1 to 3 show the experimental results related to the trend of the parameter temperature for the treatment according to the invention.
- the diagram in Figure 1 represents the temperature trend of a first AISI 304 aus ⁇ tenitic steel bar, along a cross-section thereof, while it is being fed through the en ⁇ tire rolling plant.
- the curve 1 represents the temperature trend of the centre of the bar, also defined as core, along a cross section, orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of said bar;
- the curve 2 represents the temperature trend in an intermediate surface;
- the curve 3 the trend of the outer surface of the bar.
- the po ⁇ sitions of the various rolling stands present in the production plant, used for these tests, are indicated on the horizontal axis X.
- the initial rolling temperature is between 1100 0 C and 1150 0 C.
- the temperature of the bar at the start of solution quenching treatment ranges from 1050°C to 1100 0 C, while at the end of treatment it ranges from 350 to 500°C.
- the treatment time ranges from 4 to 6 seconds, in order to prevent carbide precipita ⁇ tion and to obtain the required straightness, while the pressure of the cooling fluid is around 4-8 bar.
- the diagram in Figure 2 represents the temperature trend, during the treatment of the invention, through the section of an AISI 304 steel bar with a di ⁇ ameter of 86mm, obtained by rolling with a feed speed of 0,7m/s starting from an initial rolling temperature of between 1130 and 118O 0 C.
- the initial treatment tem ⁇ perature of the invention ranges from 950 to 1000 0 C, while at the end of treatment it ranges from 500 to 600 0 C.
- the treatment time suitable to prevent carbide pre ⁇ cipitation is in this example of about 35 to 40 seconds, while the pressure of the cooling fluid is around 4-6 bar.
- the diagram in Figure 3 instead, refers to an AISI 304 stainless steel bar with a diameter of 60mm, obtained by rolling with a feed speed of 1.2 m/s starting from an initial rolling temperature of between 1130 and 1180 0 C. In this case the initial treatment temperature ranges from 980 to 1020 0 C, while at the end of treatment it ranges from 450 to 600 0 C.
- the treatment time ranges from 18 to 24 seconds in order to prevent carbide precipitation and to obtain the required straightness; the pressure of the cooling fluid is around 4-8 bar.
- the solution quenching treatment of the invention performed directly on the rolling line, a material with a high resistance to intergranular corrosion. This is due to the choice of treatment parameters within specific intervals which prevent undesired phase precipitations such as those of the chromium carbides.
- the solu ⁇ tion quenching stage of the invention is suitable to be performed also on ferritic or austeno-ferritic stainless steel bars, Nickel superalloy bars, and all other alloys that require rapid cooling.
- the treatment of bars of the invention is suitable to treat products in bars with a diameter ranging from 10 mm to approximately 130 mm, and the equivalent in square, hexagonal or rectangular sections, said treatment being characterised by the following parameters: - an initial treatment temperature ranging approximately from about 950 to 1200 0 C; an end of treatment temperature ranging from 350 to 650°C.
- the cooling speed is between 10 and 150°C/sec.
- the cooling device that allows implementation of the in-line solution process of the invention consists in a series of cooling boxes, housing pipes with pressurized water ,or suitable fluids, and with a distribution of the jet of water, or suitable flu ⁇ ids, suitable to guarantee uniform cooling of the entire section of the bar, avoiding distortions of the bar typical of rapidly cooled austenitic steels.
- a number of cooling boxes is necessary to guarantee the thermal gradient re ⁇ quired by the treatment of the invention.
- the thermal gradient which a cooling box must produce on the bar, varies as a function of the diameter of the bar, the grade of the steel and the end treatment temperature required.
- Fig. 4 gives a schematic illustration of an initial basic configuration of the plant, comprising:
- a first solution quenching line 10 comprising a series of cooling boxes with water or other suitable fluids
- the bars Before the quenching treatment in the first solution quenching line 10, the bars can also undergo just one stage of rolling in the roughing rain 7, or just two stages of rolling in the roughing 7 and intermediate 8 trains.
- the remainder of the plant is as that described for Fig. 4, from the second stage of rolling in the inter ⁇ mediate train 8 and comprising said first solution quenching line 10.
- This configu- ration is particularly advantageous because it makes it possible to better control the temperature at the beginning of the treatment for those bars that only require the first stage of rolling: indeed, it avoids these bars remaining for too long in the air throughout the other rolling stages, which would not be activated, before reaching the entrance of the solution quenching line.
- this configura- tion helps the operations on the section of the line downstream of the intermediate bar discharge device 11', in the sense that it is possible to simultaneously produce and carry out maintenance or changes on said section; this makes the plant more flexible.
- This configuration is suitable to be suggested to the user when installing a new plant.
- Fig. 7, like that in Fig. 5, makes it possible to discharge sepa ⁇ rately those bars that undergo just one stage of rolling.
- two parallel lines which comprise respectively the first line 10 and a second line 10" of solution quenching, which are fed by a device 13 that transfers the bars, placed downstream of the first stage of rolling.
- a second discharge device 11" Downstream of the sec ⁇ ond line 10" there is provided a second discharge device 11".
- This configuration is suitable to be incorporated into a plant that already has a solution quenching line, such as that illustrated in Fig. 4.
- the configuration in Fig. 8 provides that the solution quenching treatment is carried out in two stages: the first stage is carried out in the first solution quench ⁇ ing line 10, placed downstream of the finishing train 9, and the second stage is carried out in a water tank 12 which is integrated into the bar discharge device 11 ;
- the advantage of this configuration lies in the fact that the length of the solution quenching line 10, in which the first stage is carried out, is shorter, for example, than the equivalent length in the configuration in Fig. 4, further increasing the compactness of the plant.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05819784.9A EP1825008B8 (en) | 2004-10-21 | 2005-10-21 | Treatment process for bars |
US11/665,851 US20090044884A1 (en) | 2004-10-21 | 2005-10-21 | Treatment Process for Bars |
CN200580035722XA CN101065504B (en) | 2004-10-21 | 2005-10-21 | Treatment process for bars |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITMI2004A002002 | 2004-10-21 | ||
IT002002A ITMI20042002A1 (en) | 2004-10-21 | 2004-10-21 | BAR TREATMENT PROCESS |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006043156A1 true WO2006043156A1 (en) | 2006-04-27 |
Family
ID=34956591
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB2005/003132 WO2006043156A1 (en) | 2004-10-21 | 2005-10-21 | Treatment process for bars |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090044884A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1825008B8 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101065504B (en) |
IT (1) | ITMI20042002A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006043156A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITMI20081991A1 (en) * | 2008-11-11 | 2010-05-12 | Danieli Off Mecc | THERMAL TREATMENT PROCESS OF LAMINATES |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9377245B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-06-28 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Heat exchanger life extension via in-situ reconditioning |
US9540714B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2017-01-10 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | High strength alloys for high temperature service in liquid-salt cooled energy systems |
US9435011B2 (en) | 2013-08-08 | 2016-09-06 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Creep-resistant, cobalt-free alloys for high temperature, liquid-salt heat exchanger systems |
US9683280B2 (en) | 2014-01-10 | 2017-06-20 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Intermediate strength alloys for high temperature service in liquid-salt cooled energy systems |
US9683279B2 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2017-06-20 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Intermediate strength alloys for high temperature service in liquid-salt cooled energy systems |
US9605565B2 (en) | 2014-06-18 | 2017-03-28 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Low-cost Fe—Ni—Cr alloys for high temperature valve applications |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3981752A (en) * | 1973-11-15 | 1976-09-21 | Bethlehem Steel Corporation | Method for controlling the temperature of steel during hot-rolling on a continuous hot-rolling mill |
US4360390A (en) * | 1979-09-06 | 1982-11-23 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Method for direct heat treating austenitic stainless steel wire rod |
JPS62146221A (en) * | 1985-12-20 | 1987-06-30 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Manufacture of austenitic stainless steel wire rod or bar |
US5050418A (en) * | 1988-09-05 | 1991-09-24 | Sms Schloemann Siemag Aktiengesellschaft | Bar steel rolling mill with a cooling segment for thermomechanical finish rolling |
US5345805A (en) * | 1992-05-23 | 1994-09-13 | Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft | Rolling mill for wire or bar steel with a continuous light section steel or wire train |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6336980B1 (en) * | 1999-05-21 | 2002-01-08 | Danieli Technology, Inc. | Method for in-line heat treatment of hot rolled stock |
-
2004
- 2004-10-21 IT IT002002A patent/ITMI20042002A1/en unknown
-
2005
- 2005-10-21 CN CN200580035722XA patent/CN101065504B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-10-21 WO PCT/IB2005/003132 patent/WO2006043156A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-10-21 US US11/665,851 patent/US20090044884A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-10-21 EP EP05819784.9A patent/EP1825008B8/en not_active Not-in-force
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3981752A (en) * | 1973-11-15 | 1976-09-21 | Bethlehem Steel Corporation | Method for controlling the temperature of steel during hot-rolling on a continuous hot-rolling mill |
US4360390A (en) * | 1979-09-06 | 1982-11-23 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Method for direct heat treating austenitic stainless steel wire rod |
JPS62146221A (en) * | 1985-12-20 | 1987-06-30 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Manufacture of austenitic stainless steel wire rod or bar |
US5050418A (en) * | 1988-09-05 | 1991-09-24 | Sms Schloemann Siemag Aktiengesellschaft | Bar steel rolling mill with a cooling segment for thermomechanical finish rolling |
US5345805A (en) * | 1992-05-23 | 1994-09-13 | Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft | Rolling mill for wire or bar steel with a continuous light section steel or wire train |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
COGNE J Y ET AL: "HYPERTREMPE DES ACIERS INOXYDABLES AUSTENITIQUES SUR LA LIGNE DE LAMINAGE. CAS DU FIL MACHINE *", CAHIERS D'INFORMATIONS TECHNIQUES DE LA REVUE DE METALLURGIE, REVUE DE METALLURGIE. PARIS, FR, vol. 88, no. 2, 1 February 1991 (1991-02-01), pages 171 - 178, XP000249887, ISSN: 0035-1563 * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 011, no. 371 (C - 462) 3 December 1987 (1987-12-03) * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITMI20081991A1 (en) * | 2008-11-11 | 2010-05-12 | Danieli Off Mecc | THERMAL TREATMENT PROCESS OF LAMINATES |
WO2010055067A1 (en) * | 2008-11-11 | 2010-05-20 | Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche S.P.A. | Process of rolling and of thermal treating of rolled sections |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101065504A (en) | 2007-10-31 |
ITMI20042002A1 (en) | 2005-01-21 |
US20090044884A1 (en) | 2009-02-19 |
EP1825008A1 (en) | 2007-08-29 |
EP1825008B1 (en) | 2017-02-01 |
EP1825008B8 (en) | 2017-04-26 |
CN101065504B (en) | 2011-06-29 |
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