WO2006040623A1 - Element structural composite et procede de fabrication de celui-ci - Google Patents

Element structural composite et procede de fabrication de celui-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006040623A1
WO2006040623A1 PCT/IB2005/001404 IB2005001404W WO2006040623A1 WO 2006040623 A1 WO2006040623 A1 WO 2006040623A1 IB 2005001404 W IB2005001404 W IB 2005001404W WO 2006040623 A1 WO2006040623 A1 WO 2006040623A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reinforcing section
face
elongated body
construction element
plastic material
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2005/001404
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Piero Cretti
Original Assignee
Plastedil S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Plastedil S.A. filed Critical Plastedil S.A.
Priority to EP05737787A priority Critical patent/EP1799930A1/fr
Priority to MX2007004324A priority patent/MX2007004324A/es
Priority to CA002577464A priority patent/CA2577464A1/fr
Publication of WO2006040623A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006040623A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/20—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics
    • E04C2/22—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics reinforced
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/026—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of plastic
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/04—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B5/18—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly cast between filling members
    • E04B5/19—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly cast between filling members the filling members acting as self-supporting permanent forms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B5/18—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly cast between filling members
    • E04B5/21—Cross-ribbed floors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/08—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with apertured web, e.g. with a web consisting of bar-like components; Honeycomb girders
    • E04C3/09—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with apertured web, e.g. with a web consisting of bar-like components; Honeycomb girders at least partly of bent or otherwise deformed strip- or sheet-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0473—U- or C-shaped

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a composite construction element, which has a preferred but non-exclusive use in the manufacture of floor structures or vertical or horizontal wall structures for living units, warehouses, and buildings in. general, as well as in the manufacture of external or partition walls of bodies for trucks or similar containment structures.
  • composite construction element is used to indicate an element comprising an elongated body made of expanded plastic material, for example expanded polystyrene, and at least one reinforcing section bar at least partially incorporated in the elongated body itself.
  • floor is used to indicate both a horizontal structure adapted to support the floor of each storey of a building (including the floor directly above the ground), and a horizontal or slanting covering structure adapted to close at the top the last storey of the building itself.
  • construction elements for manufacturing wails, floor structures or containment structures in general, and in particular in the building field, it has long become widespread the use of construction elements made of expanded plastic material, preferably expanded polystyrene, in the form of slabs or section bars of suitable shape and size and having the function of heat and sound insulating material.
  • expanded plastic material preferably expanded polystyrene
  • self-support is used to indicate the ability of the construction element to withstand without structural yielding all the stresses applied thereon during its transportation and/or installation.
  • Patent EP 0 459 924 discloses a. self-supporting construction element of made of expanded plastic material, in particular a floor element, comprising a central body, substantially parallelepipedic, inside which a reinforcing section bar constituted by an I-shaped thin sheet is integrated during the forming operations. " '
  • construction elements of known type are not capable of providing mechanical characteristics other than a simple "serf-support" despite the presence of one or more reinforcing section bars, generally made of a metal material, incorporated in the expanded plastic material.
  • the object of the present invention therefore is that of providing a composite construction element, which is provided on the one side with improved serf-supporting characteristics, that is an improved ability to withstand the stresses applied thereon during its installation, and on the other side, provided with improved supporting characteristics of covering elements externally associated to the construction element itself.
  • the invention therefore relates to a composite construction element comprising:
  • said first lateral poition is provided with a face extending substantially parallel to said first face of said at least one elongated body made of expanded plastic material at a predetermined distance therefrom.
  • the Applicant has perceived that the desired improved characteristics of load-bearing and of mechanical resistance of a composite construction element of the type indicated above can be achieved by partially incorporating in the elongated body made of expanded plastic material the reinforcing section bar(s) longitudinally extending in the latter, so as to have a first lateral portion protruding from one of the opposite faces of the elongated body.
  • the reinforcing section bar(s) advantageously carry(ies) out - thanks to the protruding lateral portion thereof - the function of providing a face on which it is possible to apply mechanical stresses greater than those which can be withstood by the elongated body made of expanded plastic material.
  • the composite construction elements of the invention therefore are capable of autonomously withstanding any static loads applied on the protruding lateral portion of the reinforcing section bars.
  • the expanded plastic material of the elongated body carries out the advantageous function of stiffening and of firmly holding in position the reinforcing section bar(s), preventing any deformation of the same as a consequence of the stresses " imparted thereon.
  • the construction element of the invention is advantageously provided with an element having a mechanical resistance (the face of the reinforcing section bar(s)) extending at a predetermined distance from the elongated body made of expanded plastic material and capable of supporting a variety of external covering elements, such as for example reinforcement metal structures, rigid panels having ornamental or structural function or one or more layers of covering material by means of an interposed supporting lath.
  • a mechanical resistance the face of the reinforcing section bar(s)
  • the first lateral portion of the reinforcing section bar(s) protruding from the first face of the elongated body made of expanded plastic material is provided with a substantially planar face, so as to obtain a more effective supporting action of the loads applied thereon, and to have a suitably wide surface for fastening an external covering element.
  • the aforementioned at least one reinforcing section bar of the construction element is provided with a second lateral portion provided with a face extending substantially parallel to the second face of said opposite faces of the elongated body made of expanded plastic material.
  • this second lateral portion of the reinforcing section bar(s) can be either entirely incorporated in the expanded plastic material, or it can protrude therefrom so that the aforementioned face is extending substantially parallel to the second face of the elongated body made of expanded plastic material at a predetermined distance therefrom.
  • the construction element is advantageously capable of withstanding a second external covering element - identical or different from that used for the first face of the elongated body made of expanded plastic material - at or at a predetermined distance from, the second face of said elongated body so as to easily meet the most varied requirements of surface finishing.
  • the second lateral portion of the reinforcing section bar(s) protruding from the second face of the elongated body made of expanded plastic material is provided with a preferably substantially planar face, so as to obtain a more effective supporting action of the loads applied thereon, and to have a suitably wide surface for fastening an external covering element.
  • the construction elements of the invention may also achieve further improved load bearing characteristics.
  • the reinforcing section bar is constituted by any material having suitable structural characteristics and compatible with the expanded plastic material, for example cold-rolled and preferably galvanized steel, rigid plastic materials such as PVC, polyester polymers, polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymers and the like.
  • rigid plastic materials such as PVC, polyester polymers, polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymers and the like.
  • the reinforcing section bar is transversely extending in the central body of the construction element along substantially the entire thickness thereof.
  • the reinforcing section bar is further longitudinally extending in the central body of the construction element along substantially the entire length thereof.
  • ⁇ the reinforcing section bar is preferably shaped as an L 5 a C, a Z or an I 3 for example by placing two C-shaped elements side by side matching the respective central portions.
  • the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a composite construction element of the type indicated above as defined in the attached claim 32.
  • such a method can be carried out with shearing, profiling and molding equipment conventionalper se and known in the art.
  • the invention also relates to a floor structure for buildings comprising at least one composite construction element of the type illustrated in the present description and, more preferably, comprising a plurality of said construction elements arranged side by side.
  • the invention also relates to a wall structure for buildings comprising at least one composite construction element of the type illustrated in the present description and, more preferably, comprising a plurality of said construction elements arranged side by side.
  • - Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of a composite construction - element according to the invention
  • - Fig. 2 shows a perspective view, in enlarged scale, of some details of a second embodiment of the composite construction element of the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective view, in enlarged scale, of an alternative preferred embodiment of the reinforcing section bar extending in the composite construction element of the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective view, in enlarged scale, of a further preferred embodiment of the reinforcing section bar extending in the composite construction element of the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a perspective view, in partial cross-section, of a portion of a floor structure obtainable by placing a plurality of composite construction elements of the invention side by side; . .. . .
  • FIG. 6 shows a perspective view, in enlarged scale and in partial cross-section, of an alternative preferred embodiment of a floor structure obtainable by placing a plurality of composite construction elements of the invention side by side;
  • Fig. 7 shows a perspective view, in enlarged scale, of some details of the floor structure of Fig. 6;
  • FIG. 8-10 show perspective views of some details of alternative preferred embodiments of the composite construction element of the invention.
  • FIG. 11 shows a perspective view, in enlarged scale, of an alternative preferred embodiment of the reinforcing section bar extending in the composite construction element of the invention
  • FIG. 12-13 show perspective views of a portion of a wall structure obtainable by placing a plurality of composite construction elements of the invention side by side.
  • a composite construction element made of expanded plastic material for example expanded polystyrene, according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, is generally indicated at 1.
  • the construction element 1 of the illustrated exiample can be usefully remployed for manufacturing load-bearing and partition walls or for manufacturing floor structures of a building.
  • construction element 1 of the illustrated example can also be usefully employed for manufacturing bodies for tracks or similar structures.
  • the composite construction element 1 comprises an elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material, preferably substantially parallelepipedic in ' shape, provided with opposite faces, both preferably substantially planar, respectively indicated at 2a and 2b.
  • the faces 2a, 2b are substantially planar, it should be understood that their shape is not critical for the purposes of the invention; such a shape, in fact, can assume any other geometrical configuration useful for the intended purpose.
  • the elongated body 2 has the following dimensions, determined at the design stage: a thickness comprised between about 40 and about 120 mm and, more preferably, comprised between about 60 and about 80 mm, a width comprised between about 500 and about 1200 mm and, more preferably, comprised between about 600 and about 1000 mm and a length greater than about 500 mm, the maximum length being determined by the design specifications at values substantially selectable ' as desired.
  • the length of the elongated body 2 can be equal to about 13000 mm.
  • the body 2 is also laterally provided with opposite sides 3, 4 respectively provided with a groove 5 and, respectively, with a rib 6, preferably having a mating shaped longitudinally extending along the entire length of the construction element 1.
  • a plurality of construction elements 1 arranged side by side can be firmly connected to one another by means of a substantially joint- wise coupling.
  • the composite construction element 1 further comprises at least one reinforcing section bar, preferably at least two reinforcing section bars 7, 8, preferably substantially identical to each other, longitudinally extending in the elongated .body 2 and parallel to one another.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 are longitudinally extending in the elongated body 2 of the composite construction element 1 along substantially the entire length thereof.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 are longitudinally extending in the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material at opposite parts of the longitudinal center plane of said body along a direction substantially parallel to said center plane.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 are symmetrically arranged in the elongated body 2 with respect to said longitudinal center plane thereof.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 are made of a material having suitable structural characteristics, such as for example cold-rolled and preferably galvanized steel, shaped in a suitable manner.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 are coated at least in part and, still more preferably, entirely coated with a fire resistant firm, for example obtained ⁇ from a paint selected from the group comprising intumescent paints and antifire paints.
  • the composite construction element 1 of the invention is hi this case advantageously capable of achieving suitable characteristics of fire resistance in case of fire thanks to the presence of the aforementioned film.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 can be obtained from a sheet having a width comprised between about 100 mm and about 300 mm and, still more preferably, comprised between about 120 mm and about 250 mm and a thickness preferably comprised between about 0.4 mm and about 1.2 mm and still more preferably, comprised between about 0.5 mm and about 0.8 mm.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 are provided with a central body 7a, 8a, with a first lateral portion 7b, 8b protruding from the face 2a of . the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material and with a second lateral portion 7c, 8c essentially incorporated in the elongated body 2.
  • the first lateral portions 7b, 8b of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 are provided with . respective faces 9, 10, preferably substantially planar, extending substantially parallel to the face 2a of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material at a predetermined distance therefrom.
  • the faces 9, 10 define a surface for supporting a finishing element, for example a rigid panel of plasterboard, wood, rigid plastic material or other suitable material indicated at 11 in Fig. 1, or for supporting a substantially reticular metal structure for reinforcing a concrete casting, as illustrated in more detail hereinafter. .
  • a finishing element for example a rigid panel of plasterboard, wood, rigid plastic material or other suitable material indicated at 11 in Fig. 1, or for supporting a substantially reticular metal structure for reinforcing a concrete casting, as illustrated in more detail hereinafter.
  • the rigid panel 11 can be fastened to the faces 9, 10 in a way kaownpej* se , for example by means of screws kn.owa.per se and not shown,.
  • the rigid panel 11 can incorporate at least one suitable fire retardant material, preferably in powder, granules or fibers, adapted to impart an improved fire resistance to the panel itself and, consequently, to the composite construction element 1 which includes the same.
  • such a fire retardant material is selected from mineral fibers, such as fiber glass, mineral wool, inert materials such as perlite, glass spheres, expanded clay granules or other materials suitable for the purpose and known to those skilled in the art.
  • the rigid panel 11 can be coated at least in part with a fire resistant film, for example obtained from a paint selected from the group comprising intumescent paints and antifire paints.
  • the distance between the upper faces 9, 10 of the first lateral portions 7b, 8b of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 and the face 2a of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material is comprised between about 10 mm and about 60 mm and, still more preferably, is comprised between about 20 mm and about 40 mm.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7 and 8 therefore carry out the following advantageous functions:
  • the composite construction element 1 exhibits improved sound insulation characteristics (thanks to the presence of air in the gap) and advantageously allows to house hydraulic pipes or electrical raceways, whereas in the second case the composite construction element 1 can exhibit improved characteristics of heat insulation, of finishing, of mechanical resistance or of fire resistance depending upon the type of material arranged between the covering element and the face 2a of the elongated body 2;
  • a fire resistant film for example obtained from a paint selected from the group comprising intumescent paints and antifire paints.
  • the first lateral portion 7b, 8b of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 is substantially hook-shaped and has in this preferred embodiment a substantially C- shaped end portion.
  • the aforementioned end portion constitutes a substantially box-shaped structure the back of which defines the aforementioned upper faces 9, 10 intended in this case to support the rigid panel 11.
  • the central portion 7a, 8a of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 has a height comprised between about 60 mm and about 320 mm.
  • the second lateral portion 7c, 8c of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 is for example constituted by a fin projecting in a cantilevered fashion from the central portion 7a, 8a of the reinforcing section bars.
  • the fins 7c, 8c of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 carry out the function of providing a suitable supporting surface which an additional suitable covering element of the face 2b of the composite construction element 1 can be fastened to, such as for example a second rigid panel of plasterboard, wood, rigid plastic material, or other suitable
  • the rigid panel 12 can be fastened to the fins 7c, Sc in a way knownper se , for example by means of screws knownper se and not shown.
  • the construction element 1 of the invention is capable of achieving advantageous load-bearing characteristics, i.e. it is capable of autonomously withstanding any static loads applied thereon.
  • fire retardant material adapted to impart an improved fire resistance to the panel itself or by coating at least in part the rigid panel 12 with a fire resistant film for example obtained from a paint selected from the group comprising intumescent paints and antifire paints.
  • the covering element of the face 2b of the composite construction element 1 is constituted by a covering layer supported by a stretched lath, such advantageous characteristics can be achieved by incorporating in the material used for forming the layer (for example plaster or cement) at least one suitable fire retardant material, for example one of the materials indicated hereinbefore, adapted to impart improved fire resistance properties .
  • the fins 7c, 8c of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 are provided with an initial portion extending flush with and substantially parallel to the face 2b of the elongated body 2 and with an end portion forming with respect to the aforementioned initial portion an angle comprised between 40° and 120° and, still more preferably, equal to about 90°.
  • the initial portion of the fins 7c, 8c of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 is provided with a face 13, 14 preferably substantially planar.
  • such initial portion of the fins 7c, 8c of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 has a length comprised between about 15 mm and about 40 mm and, still more preferably, comprised between about 20 mm and about 30 mm.
  • such initial portion carries out the function of providing a suitable supporting surface which a covering element can be fastened to, for example the aforementioned rigid panel 12 or a lath for supporting at least one covering layer, for example of plaster, whereas the end portion increases the reinforcing action carried out by the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 under bending loads.
  • the substantially planar faces 9, 10 of the first lateral portion 7b, 8b and the substantially planar faces 13, 14 of the fins (second lateral portions) 7c, 8c of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 are both substantially perpendicular to the central portion 7a, 8a of the latter.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 of the aforementioned pair are preferably spaced apart from one another by a predetermined distance, so as to suitably distribute the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 in the elongated body 2, achieving in this way some advantageous technical effects: possibility of homogeneously distributing the reinforcing action exerted by them; possibility of homogeneously distributing the loads applied to the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 and finally, possibility of arranging in a known and reproducible manner the fins 7c, 8c of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 so as to know their position even when such fins are completely embedded in the mass of expanded plastic material and as such, are not visible from the outside.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 are arranged in the elongated body 2 at a predetermined distance from one another; preferably, the distance d between the centre line of the fins 7c, 8c - measured along a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the elongated body 2 - is equal to about 300 mm.
  • the composite construction element 1 is provided with improved load-bearing characteristics thanks to the presence of the first protruding lateral portions 7b, 8b of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8, both provided with faces 9, 10 preferably substantially planar on which it is possible to apply mechanical stresses greater than those that can be withstood by the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material.
  • the expanded plastic material of the elongated body 2 carries out the advantageous function of stiffening and firmly holding in position the reinforcing section bars 7, 8, preventing that the same could be deformed as a consequence of the stresses imparted thereon.
  • the composite construction element 1 allows to easily ' support external covering elements thanks both to the substantially .planar faces 9, 10 extending substantially parallel to the face 2a of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material at a predetermined distance therefrom, and to the fins 7c, 8c extending flush with the face 2b of the elongated-body 2 made of expanded plastic material.
  • the composite construction element 1 allows to achieve improved characteristics of fire resistance thanks to the partial or total coating of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 with a fire resistant film for example obtained from a paint selected from the group comprising intumescent paints and antifire paints and/or thanks to the use of a covering element incorporating at least one fire retardant material adapted to impart an improved fire resistance, -or of a covering element at least partially coated with a fire resistant film.
  • Figs. 2-13 schematically illustrate additional embodiments of the composite construction element 1 according to the present invention. These additional embodiments essentially achieve both the technical effects and the advantages of the preferred embodiment illustrated above and the further technical effects and advantages described hereinafter.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 comprise respective second lateral portions 7c, 8c substantially fin-shaped and provided ' with a substantially planar face 13, 14.
  • the fins 7c, 8c are in this case entirely incorporated in the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material and are arranged at a predetermined distance from the face 2b of such elongated body 2.
  • the fins 7c, 8 c are arranged at a distance d' preferably comprised between about 5 mm and about 15 mm from the face 2b of the elongated body 2.
  • the fins 7c, 8 c of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 are not visible from the outside, in order to fasten the covering elements it is necessary in this case to know in advance the position of such fins inside .
  • the mass of expanded plastic material with respect to a reference element such as for example with respect to the sides 3, 4 or with respect to the longitudinal center plane of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 of the composite construction elements 1 are provided with respective first portions 7b, 8b substantially similar to those of the embodiment illustrated with reference to Figs. 1 and 2.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 of the composite construction elements 1 are advantageously provided with a plurality of openings 15, preferably of circular shape, formed in the central portion 7a, 8a thereof comprised between the aforementioned first and second lateral portions 7b, 8b and 7c, 8c.
  • the openings 15 carry out the dual advantageous function of lightening the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 and of allowing an even more intimate integration thereof in the mass of expanded plastic material.
  • the mass of expanded plastic material is capable of interpenetrating with the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 during the molding operation, integrating and firmly holding in place the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 within the elongated body 2 of the composite construction element 1.
  • the openings 15 have a total area comprised between about 5% and about 50% of the total area of each reinforcing section bar 7, 8, where the expression: total area of each reinforcing section bar, is used to indicate the area of the overall surface of the section bar including that of the opposite lateral portions 7b, 7c and 8b, 8c (that is, the area of the total lateral surface before forming such portions and the openings 15).
  • the openings 15 formed in the central portion 7a, 8a of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 have a total area comprised between about 20% and about 30% of the total area thereof.
  • the openings 15 have a diameter preferably comprised between about 15 mm and about 100 mm and, more preferably, comprised between about 40 mm and about 70 mm.
  • the openings 15 are pitchwise arranged in the central portion 7a, 8a of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 along the center plane of the section bars themselves.
  • the pitch of the openings 15 is comprised between about 50 and about 100 mm and, still more preferably, is equal to about 75 mm.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 of the composite construction elements 1 are provided with openings 15 entirely similar to those of the reinforcing section bars of Fig. 3 and with a first substantially hook-shaped lateral portion 7b, 8b having a shape substantially resembling an upturned U.
  • the first-lateral portion 7b, 8b of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 - preferably essentially constituted by a fairly thin sheet - substantially acts as a spring whenever it engages suitably grooved covering elements connectable in a snap-wise fashion in such first lateral portion 7b, 8b.
  • such first lateral portion of the reinforcing section 'bars 7, 8 is provided in this case with lateral portions, indicated at 16 and 17, which are substantially tapered so as to increase the spring effect achieved by this substantially hook- wise configuration.
  • a floor structure 18 that can be manufactured by means of a plurality of composite construction elements 1 according to the invention, for example each incorporating a pair of reinforcing section bars 7, 8 according to the embodiment of Fig. 4, will now be described.
  • the floor structure 18 is especially suitable for constructing the so-called "wide span" floors.
  • the floor structure 18 comprises a plurality of composite construction elements 1 arranged side by side, a plurality of floor elements 19 made of expanded plastic material supported by the composite construction elements 1 and a substantially reticular metal structure 20 for reinforcing a concrete casting, schematically indicated at 21 in Fig. 5, arranged between the floor elements 19.
  • substantially reticular metal structure is used to indicate a reinforcement metal structure comprising a plurality of longitudinal reinforcing elements and a plurality of transversal reinforcing elements of the casting crossed with one another so as to form a grid extending substantially along the entire extension of the floor structure to be manufactured.
  • the latter is defined in the field as a floor structure provided with “crossed reinforcement rods” and allows to manufacture floors having a length greater than those that can be achieved by floor structures having the same thickness but not provided with substantially reticular reinforcement metal structures.
  • the composite construction elements 1 are laying at the opposite ends thereof on respective supporting structures of a building (not shown), such as for example beams and/or load-bearing walls.
  • the composite construction elements 1 form in this case as many supporting elements adapted to define a base of the floor structure 18 adapted to support the floor elements 19 and the reinforcement metal structure 20 and adapted to receive the concrete casting 21.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 of the composite construction elements 1 carry out the following advantageous functions:
  • a fire resistant film for example obtained from a paint . selected from the group comprising intumescent paints and antifire paints.
  • the reinforcement metal structure 20 of the casting is supported at a predetermined distance from the upper face 2a of the elongated body 2 of the composite construction elements 1, it is advantageously ensured in a simple and effective manner that the concrete casting 21 can easily fill the spaces below the reinforcement metal structure 20 as required by the building regulations currently in force.
  • the first lateral portions 7b, 8b of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 - preferably essentially constituted by a fairly thin metal sheet - substantially act as springs upon their engagement with the floor elements 19.
  • the reinforcement metal structure 20 can be advantageously firmly associated to the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 by means of a plurality of staples 38 having a central body 38a substantially shaped as an upturned U and having opposite free ends 38b, 38c projecting in a cantilevered fashion from the central body 38a and adapted to engage the lateral portions 7b, 8b of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8.
  • the staples 38 are constituted by a wire of a suitable structural material, for example metal, so as to constitute substantially spring-wise connecting means thanks to the elasticity of the material.
  • the composite construction element 1 advantageously allows to achieve improved characteristics of fire resistance, since the covering elements, in this case the rigid panels 12 associated to the face 2b of the elongated body 2, are firmly held by the reinforcement metal structure 20 embedded in the concrete casting 21 by means of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8.
  • the rigid panels 12 do not detach from the composite construction element 1 even in the presence of a complete collapse of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material.
  • the characteristics of fire resistance of the floor structure 18 can be further improved if the rigid panels 12 incorporate at least one fire retardant material adapted to impart an improved fire resistance or are coated at least in part with a fire resistant film.
  • the floor elements 19 made of expanded plastic material supported by the composite construction elements 1 are arranged at a predetermined distance from one another along the floor structure 18 - both along a longitudinal and along a transversal direction - so as to define a plurality of transversal channels 22 and a plurality of longitudinal channels 23 adapted to house the concrete casting 21.
  • the floor elements 19 are arranged astride of the composite construction elements 1.
  • each floor element 19 comprises a central body 19a substantially parallelepipedic, in which a plurality of parallel cavities 24 is longitudinally defined.
  • the floor elements 19 made of expanded plastic material can be realized with any desired height, so as to regulate as desired the thickness of the floor structure 18 and, therefore, the maximum length of the final floor.
  • the floor elements 19 have a thickness comprised between about 160 mm and about 500 mm and, still more preferably, comprised between about 180 mm and about 300 mm.
  • the floor elements 19 have the following further dimensions, determined at the design stage: a width comprised between about 450 and about 500 mm and a length greater than about 300 mm, the maximum length being determined by the design specifications at values substantially selectable as desired.
  • the length of the floor elements 19 can be comprised between 300 mm and 13000 mm.
  • the floor elements 19 are arranged on the composite construction elements 1 so as to form a grid of transversal channels 22 and longitudinal channels 23 substantially perpendicular to one another.
  • the width of the channels 22 and 23 can be determined by a man skilled in the art on the basis of the design specifications. By way of an example only, such a width may be comprised between about 100 and about 200 mm.
  • the composite construction elements 1 thus constitute as many joists on which the floor elements 19 rest to form a so-called "panelled" floor structure.
  • the .floor elements 19 are preferably provided at a lower side with at least one and preferably a pair of longitudinal grooves 25 adapted to house the first lateral portions 7b, 8b of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8, so as to have a firm connection between the floor .elements 19 and the composite construction elements 1 of the floor structure 18.
  • the longitudinal grooves 25 are configured so as to have a shape substantially mating the shape of the first lateral portions 7b, 8b of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 projecting from the composite construction elements 1, so as to increase the stability of the connection between the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 and the floor elements 19.
  • the longitudinal grooves 25 are substantially dovetail-shaped with opposite lateral walls tapered in such a way as to firmly hold in the grooves 25, with a substantially snap-wise connection, the first lateral portions 7b, 8b of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8, having in turn tapered lateral portions 16, 17 as better illustrated in Fig. 4.
  • the reinforcement metal structure 20 of the concrete casting 21 is supported by the first lateral portions 7b, 8b of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 at a predetermined distance from the upper face 2a of the ⁇ elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material.
  • the reinforcement metal structure 20 of the casting comprises a plurality of transversal reinforcement elements of the casting 21, generally indicated at 26, and a plurality of longitudinal reinforcement elements of the casting, generally indicated at 27, respectively housed in the aforementioned transversal and longitudinal channels 22, 23.
  • the transversal reinforcement elements 26 of the casting lay on the first lateral portions 7b, 8b of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 and in particular, lay on the substantially planar faces 9, 10 of such first lateral portions 7b, 8b and are firmly associated to the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 in way conventional per se, for example by means of the staples 38 described hereinbefore.
  • the longitudinal reinforcement elements 27 of the casting 21 lay on the transversal reinforcement elements 26 and are firmly associated to the same in way conventional per se, for example by means of strings 39 of conventional type and constituted by the conventional iron wires used to this end in the art.
  • the specific shape and structure of the transversal and of the longitudinal reinforcement elements 26, 27 of the reinforcement metal structure 20 is not critical, provided that they supply the necessary amount of metal according to the design specifications.
  • the transversal and the longitudinal reinforcement elements 26, 27 of the reinforcement metal structure 20 can be constituted by a plurality of iron rods suitably spaced from one another or they can be constituted by substantially trestle-shaped structures according to what is known to a man skilled in the art.
  • the operations required to manufacture the final floor in fact, essentially comprise the steps of laying a plurality of composite construction elements 1 on the load-bearing structures of the building being erected, of arranging thereon the floor elements 19 and the reinforcement metal structure 20 and then, of casting the concrete on the floor structure 18 thus assembled.
  • the aforementioned operating steps can be carried out without using temporary supports for lengths of the floor structure 18 up to about 2 meters or using a limited number thereof for greater lengths.
  • the aforementioned laying step of the composite construction elements 1 can be readily carried out with a minimum labor, thanks to the compactness, lightness and handiness of the elements themselves.
  • the floor structure 18 according to the invention achieves improved characteristics of fire resistance in case of fire thanks to one or more of the following features:
  • the covering elements associated to the face 2b of the elongated body 2 can incorporate at least one fire retardant material adapted to impart an improved fire resistance or to the fact that the covering elements can be coated at least in part with a fire resistant firm.
  • the elongated body 2 of the composite construction elements 1 is provided with a plurality of cavities 40 substantially parallel to one another and longitudinally extending in a central portion of the elongated body 2 between the reinforcing section bars 7, 8.
  • the cavities 40 contribute to lighten the elongated body 2 making the same easier to handle during the installation.
  • the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material is further provided with a plurality of longitudinal- ribs 41, 42 made of expanded plastic material, substantially parallel to one another, projecting in a cantilevered fashion from the upper face 2a of the elongated body 2 at opposite parts of the longitudinal center plane thereof.
  • the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material is also provided with a pair of projections 43, 44 laterally and longitudinally extending at opposite parts of the longitudinal ribs 41, 42 towards the opposite sides 3 and 4 of the elongated body 3 in which the groove 5 and, respectively, the rib 6 are formed.
  • the longitudinal ribs 41, 42 integrally extend substantially perpendicularly to the upper face 2a of the elongated body 3 and are preferably obtained at the molding stage of the elongated body 2.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 of the composite construction elements 1 are substantially Z-shaped and each of them comprises respective first lateral portions 7b, 8b substantially fin-shaped associated to the longitudinal ribs 41, 42 made of expanded plastic material projecting in a cantilevered fashion from the upper face 2a of the elongated body 2.
  • the second lateral portions 7c, 8c of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 are constituted .by respective fins perpendicularly extending from the ends of the central portion 7a, 8a opposite to that of the fins 7b, 8b and at opposite side of the central portion 7a, 8a.
  • the upper face 9, 10 of the first fins 7b, 8b of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 is extending at least in part substantially flush with an upper face 41a, 42a of the longitudinal ribs 41, 42 of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material.
  • the assembly constituted by the longitudinal ribs 41, 42 and by the first fins 7b, 8b forms a rigid structure adapted to effectively support the reinforcement metal structure 20.
  • the floor elements 19 are provided with longitudinal grooves 25 having a shape substantially mating the shape of the longitudinal ribs 41, 42 incorporating the first fins 7b, 8b of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 and are engageable with a substantially snap-wise connection on such ribs.
  • the fins 7b, 8b and 7c, 8c comprise a first portion substantially rectilinear and substantially perpendicular to the central portion 7a, 8a of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 and an second portion, or end portion, inclined and forming an angle of predetermined value with the first portion.
  • the first portion of the fins 7b, 8b and 7c, 8c has a width equal to about 40 mm, whereas the end portion has a width equal to about 5 mm and forms with respect to the first portion an angle equal to about 90° in the case of the second fins 7c, 8c and equal to about 45° in the case of the first fins 7b, 8b.
  • the end portion of the first fins 7b, 8b can be radiused to the first portion by means of a substantially curvilinear joining zone.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 are arranged in a mirror fashion at opposite parts of the longitudinal center plane of the elongated body 2 so as to impart optimum characteristics of load resistance to the composite construction element 1 as a whole.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 are provided with second fins 7c s 8c extending at opposite parts of the longitudinal center plane of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material so as to form a configuration that advantageously improves the characteristics of resistance to the bending loads of the composite construction element 1, in particular those to the loads applied to the projections 43, 44 of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material arranged between the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 and the opposite sides 3, 4 of the aforementioned body.
  • the first fins 7b, 8b and the second fins 7c, 8c of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 are provided with respective longitudinal ribs 45, 46 adapted to stiffen the structure thereof, and in the case of the second fins 7c, 8c, adapted to form a notch for the introduction of the tip of fastening means, for example screws, for anchoring a rigid covering element, for example the panel 12 made of plasterboard, to the reinforcing section bars 7, 8.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 are provided with a plurality of openings 15, preferably of circular shape, formed in the central portion 7a, 8a comprised between the first fins 7b, 8b and the second fins 7c, 8c.
  • the openings 15 carry out the dual advantageous function of lightening the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 and of allowing a still more intimate integration thereof within the mass of expanded plastic material.
  • the staples 38 engage at their ends 38b, 38c the lower portion of the longitudinal ribs 41, ' 42 which forms an undercut which is hooked by the aforementioned ends of the staples 38.
  • the floor elements 19 are arranged so that each longitudinal row of floor elements 19 is supported by one and the same composite construction element 1.
  • the composite construction elements 1 of the invention can be provided with longitudinal ribs projecting in a cantilevered fashion from both faces 2a, 2b of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material, in which case the second lateral portions 7c, 8c of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 will assume a configuration similar to that of the first lateral portions 7b, 8b illustrated with reference to Figs. 6 and 7.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 of the construction element 1 are substantially Z-shaped and each of them comprises a plurality of openings 15 pitchwise formed in the central portion 7a, 8 a thereof as described hereinbefore.
  • the second lateral portion 7c of the reinforcing section bar 7 protrudes from the face 2b of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material ⁇ and is provided with a face 13, preferably substantially planar, extending substantially parallel to the face 2b at a predetermined distance therefrom.
  • the distance between the face 13 of the second lateral portion 7c of the reinforcing section bar 7 and the face 2b of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material is comprised between about 10 mm and about 60 mm and, still more preferably, comprised between about 20 mm and about 40 mm.
  • the first lateral portion 7b of the reinforcing section bar 7 is on the other hand substantially incorporated . in the expanded plastic material, so that the face 9 is extending flush with the face 2a of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material.
  • the first lateral portion 8b of the reinforcing section bar 8 protrudes from the face 2a of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material and is provided with a face 10, preferably substantially planar, extending substantially parallel to the face 2a at a predetermined distance therefrom, preferably at a distance similar to that indicated above for the face 13 of the lateral portion 7c.
  • the second lateral portion 8 c of the reinforcing section bar 8 is on the other hand substantially incorporated in the expanded plastic material, so that the face 14 is extending flush with the face 2b of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material.
  • first and the second lateral portions 7b, 8b and 7c, 8c of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 are for example constituted by respective fins extending perpendicularly from the ends of the central portion 7a, 8a of the section bars 7, 8 at opposite sides thereof.
  • the fins 7b, 8b and 7c, 8c comprise also in this case a first portion rectilinear and substantially perpendicular to the central portion 7a and 8a of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 and a second end portion inclined and forming an angle of predetermined value with the first portion.
  • such an angle is equal to about 90°.
  • This additional embodiment of the composite construction elements 1 advantageously allows both to have improved characteristics of resistance to the bending loads and to support external covering elements (for example rigid panels made of plasterboard and/or laths supporting plaster layers, not shown) at opposite parts of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material and at a predetermined distance from both faces 2a, 2b of said body.
  • external covering elements for example rigid panels made of plasterboard and/or laths supporting plaster layers, not shown
  • This additional embodiment of the composite construction elements 1 further allows to achieve improved characteristics of fire resistance in case of fire, either by coating at least in part the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 with a fire resistant film, or by arranging a suitable filling material incorporating at least one fire retardant material adapted to impart an improved fire resistance in the gap defined between the rigid covering element (where present) and the face(s) 2a, 2b of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 of the construction element 1 are substantially Z- shaped in a manner entirely similar ⁇ to what has been illustrated in Fig. 8.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 are provided with opposite first and second lateral portions 7b, 8b and 7c, 8c respectively protruding from the opposite faces 2a, 2b of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material.
  • the substantially planar faces 9, 10, 13 and 14, therefore, are extending substantially parallel to the faces 2a and 2b at a predetermined distance therefrom, preferably at a distance similar to that described above with reference to Fig. 8 (10-60 mm).
  • external covering elements for example panels made of plasterboard and/or laths supporting plaster layers, not shown
  • this additional embodiment of the composite construction elements 1 allows to achieve improved characteristics of fire resistance in case of fire, either by coating at least in part the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 with a fire resistant film, or by arranging a suitable filling material incorporating at least one fire retardant material adapted to impart an improved fire resistance in the gap defined between the rigid covering element (where present) and the face(s) 2a, 2b of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 of the construction element 1 are substantially Z-shaped in a manner entirely similar to what has been illustrated in Fig. 8.
  • the arrangement of the planar faces of the first and of the second, lateral portions 7b, 8b and 7c, 8c of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 is . similar to that of Fig. I 5 that is, with only the substantially planar faces 9, 10 protruding from the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material at a predetermined distance therefrom.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7 and 8 of the composite construction elements 1 are substantially C-shaped and each
  • first portions 7b, 8b and respective second portions 7c, 8c substantially fin-shaped and provided with faces 9, 10 and 13, 14, preferably substantially planar, projecting in a cantilevered fashion from the central portion 7a, 8a of the section bars themselves.
  • the fins 7b, 8b and 7c, 8c are extending substantially perpendicular to the central portion 7a, 8a.
  • a wall structure 28 With reference to Figs. 12 and 13, some preferred embodiments of a wall structure 28 will now be described by way of a non-limiting example, which wall structure may be realized , by means ' of a plurality of composite construction elements 1 according to the invention, for example each incorporating a pair of substantially C-shaped reinforcing section bars 7, 8 according to the embodiment of Fig. 11.
  • the wall structure 28 comprises a plurality of composite construction elements 1 arranged side by side and each of which is provided with a pair of reinforcing section bars 7, 8 having respective first lateral portions 7b, 8b protruding from the face 2a of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material and provided with respective substantially planar faces 9, 10 extending substantially parallel to the face 2a at a predetermined distance therefrom.
  • the lateral portions 7b, 8b are substantially fin-shaped and are projecting in a cantilevered fashion from the central portion 7a, 8a of the section bars themselves.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 are also provided with respective second lateral portions 7c, 8c - also substantially fin-shaped - incorporated in the mass of expanded plastic material and provided with respective faces 13, 14, preferably substantially planar, extending substantially flush with the face 2b of the elongated body 2.
  • the composite construction elements 1 of the wall structure 28 support a plurality of rigid covering elements, for example matchboarded wood panels indicated at 29 and a plurality of plasterboard panels indicated at 30, at opposite parts of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material.
  • the panels 29 and 30 are fastened in a way known per se to the substantially planar faces 9, 10 and, respectively, 13, I4 ' of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 for example by means of screws not shown.
  • a gap 31 is defined in this case between the panels 29 and the face 2a of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material, which is filled in this case with a suitable heat and sound ⁇ proofing filling material M, such as glass wool, mineral wool or a foamed polyurethane material.
  • a suitable heat and sound ⁇ proofing filling material M such as glass wool, mineral wool or a foamed polyurethane material.
  • the composite construction elements 1 of this embodiment advantageously achieve improved supporting and heat and sound insulation characteristics.
  • the wall structure 28 according to the invention can achieve improved characteristics of fire resistance in case of fire thanks to one or more of the following features:
  • the rigid covering elements associated to the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 can incorporate at least one fire retardant material adapted to impart an improved fire resistance or to the fact ihat they can be coated at least in part with a fire resistant film;
  • the filling material M can incorporate at least one fire retardant material adapted to impart an improved fire resistance.
  • the wall structure 28 comprises a plurality of composite construction elements 1 arranged side by side, each of which is provided with a pair of reinforcing section bars 7, 8 substantially C-shaped and having respective first and second lateral portions 7b, 8b and 7c, 8c protruding from the faces 2a and 2b of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material.
  • the aforementioned lateral portions 7b, 8b and 7c, 8c are provided with respective faces 9, 10 and 13, 14, preferably substantially planar, extending substantially parallel to the face ' 2a and, respectively, 2b at a predetermined distance therefrom, for example at a . distance similar to that described above with reference to Fig. 8 (10-60 mm).
  • the lateral portions 7b, 8b and 7c, 8c of the reinforcing section . bars 7, 8 are substantially fin-shaped and are projecting in a cantilevered fashion from the central portion 7a, 8a of the section bars themselves.
  • the faces 9, 10 and 13, 14 of the opposite lateral portions 7b, 8b and 7c, 8c of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 support a pair of laths 32, 33 at a predetermined distance from the faces 2a, 2b of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material so as to define two gaps 34, 35 between the laths 32, 33 and the aforementioned faces 2a, 2b.
  • these gaps are not filled with any material and define respective air chambers which improve the sound insulation properties of the wall structure 28.
  • lath for ' supporting at least one covering layer is used to indicate not only conventional laths having a mesh structure - either smooth or provided with protruding ribs - obtained by stretching a suitably notched metal sheet, but also any sheet-like member adapted to support a suitable covering material.
  • each of the laths 32, 33 is a stretched metal lath essentially formed by a - rhomb-shaped mesh having a length-to-height rhomb ratio of 2: 1.
  • the rhomb length varies between about 20 and about 60 mm, while the rhomb width varies between about 10 and about 30 mm.
  • such stretched laths have a thickness comprised between about 0;4 mm and about 1.0 mm and, still more preferably, comprised between about 0.4 mm and about 0.8 mm.
  • the laths 32, 33 support in turn at least one layer 36, 37 of a suitable covering material, such as for example plaster or cement, optionally incorporating at least one material selected from reinforcing fibers of a suitable material and at least one fire retardant material adapted to impart an unproved fire resistance to the covering material, which can be applied after laying the wall structure 28.
  • a suitable covering material such as for example plaster or cement
  • The. composite construction elements 1 of this embodiment advantageously achieve improved load-bearing characteristics, improved heat and sound insulation - characteristics and improved characteristics of fire resistance thanks to the firm connection of the laths 32, 33 and of the covering material supported thereby to the reinforcing section bars 7, 8.
  • the faces 9, 10 and 13, 14 of the opposite lateral portions 7b, 8b and 7c, 8c of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 can support a pair of arc welded meshes constituted by metal reinforcement rods of a concrete casting applied outside the composite construction elements 1.
  • the composite construction element 1 illustrated hereinabove in some of the possible embodiments thereof, can be advantageously obtained by means of known operations for manufacturing the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 and known equipment for the continuous or discontinuous molding of the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material incorporating such section bars.
  • At least one sheet - preferably a pair of sheets - made of a structural rigid material, for example galvanized steel, intended to form the reinforcing section bars 7, 8, are provided.
  • the aforementioned sheets have a predetermined thickness and a width comprised, for example, between about 0.4 and 1.5 mm and, respectively, between about 140 and about 340 mm.
  • the sheets further comprise a central portion and a pair of lateral portions extending from axially opposite parts with respect to the central portion, which portions are intended to constitute, as it will appear more clearly hereinafter, the central portion 7a, 8a and, respectively, the lateral portions 7b, 8b and 7c 5 8c of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 being manufactured.
  • the sheets are bent in a way knownper se - for example by means of " a forming machine - along a pair of longitudinal bending lines substantially parallel to one another so as to form the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 comprising the first lateral portions 7b, 8b provided with the faces 9, 10, preferably substantially planar, extending substantially perpendicular to the central portions 7a, 8a of the section bars being manufactured.
  • the bending step is carried out so as to form at the same time also the second lateral portions 7c, 8c provided with the faces 13, 14, also preferably substantially planar and extending substantially perpendicular to the central portions 7a, 8a of the section bars being manufactured.
  • the faces 9, 10 and 13, 14 of the first and of the second lateral portions 7b, 8b and 7c, 8c of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 are both extending above or both below the lying plane of the sheet.
  • the bending step is carried out so that the faces 9, 10 and 13, 14 of the first and of the second lateral portions 7b, 8b and 7c, 8c of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 form an angle of about 90° with respect to the lying plane of the sheet central portion.
  • the sheet bending step can be carried out, still using equipment known per se , so as to further bend for example at an angle equal to about 90°, the faces 9, 10 and 13, 14 so as to obtain the aforementioned first t portion substantially perpendicular to the central portion 7a, 8a of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 and the second end portion inclined and forming an angle of predetermined value with the aforementioned first portion.
  • the aforementioned bending step can be carried out by bending the sheets along at least two longitudinal bending lines substantially parallel to one another, so as to form a pair of first and second lateral portions 7b, 8b and 7c, 8c, provided with respective faces 9, 10 and 13, 14 extending at opposite parts with respect to the central portions 7a, 8a of the section bars being manufactured, in order to obtain the structures of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 illustrated in Figs. 8, 9 and 10.
  • the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 thus obtained are arranged in a molding seat of a suitable equipment for molding plastics, conventional per se and not shown. '
  • the steps of feeding expandable plastics granules into said molding seat and of expanding and then bonding together the plastics granules in the molding seat, so as to form the elongated body 2 of the construction element 1 incorporating the reinforcing section bars 7, 8, are carried out.
  • the step of molding the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material is carried out in such a way that the faces 9, 10 of the first lateral portions 7b, 8b of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 protrude from the face 2a of the elongated body 2 and extend substantially parallel to said face at a predetermined distance therefrom.
  • the aforementioned step of molding the elongated body 2 made of expanded plastic material is carried out in such a way that the opposite faces 13, 14 of the lateral portions 7c, 8c of the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 are essentially incorporated in the mass of expanded plastic material and, as such, are extending parallel to and substantially flush with the opposite face 2b of the elongated body 2 or, alternatively, protrude from the face 2b and extend substantially parallel to said face at a predetermined distance therefrom.
  • the method of the invention further comprises the step of forming a plurality of openings 15 in the central portion of the sheet or of the sheets
  • such openings have a circular shape and are extending in longitudinal direction along the sheet preferably astride of the longitudinal axis of the sheet itself.
  • the operation of forming the openings 15 can be carried out in a way conventional per se, for example by punching.
  • the method of the invention further comprises the step of providing a fire resistant film on at least a portion of the sheet or sheets from which the reinforcing section bars 7, 8 are obtained.
  • the aforementioned film is provided by means of the steps of:
  • steps a) and b) are carried out with methods and equipment known to those skilled in the art.
  • IQ an additional embodiment of the method of the invention it is also possible to begin the manufacture of the construction element 1 starting from a pre-drilled sheet, optionally already incorporating a fire resistant film on at least a portion of the external surface thereof, wound on a reel and arranged upstream of the bending station.
  • the method finally provides for a final step, also carried out by means of equipment knownper se , in which the body 2 is cut to size so as to obtain a construction element having the desired ⁇ length.

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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
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  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément (1) de construction composite qui comprend: a) au moins un corps allongé (2) fait d'une matière plastique expansée comportant des faces opposées (2a, 2b); b), au moins un profilé (7, 8) en acier de renfort se déployant longitudinalement dans le corps allongé (2) et qui comporte une première partie (7b, 8b) latérale dépassant d'une première face (2a) du corps allongé (2); la première partie latérale (7b, 8b) du profilé (7, 8) comprend une face (9, 10) se déployant de manière sensiblement parallèle à la première face (2a) du corps allongé (2), à une distance prédéterminée de celui-ci. L'élément de construction (1) présente avantageusement des caractéristiques autoportantes améliorées et des caractéristiques améliorées de support d'éléments de couverture associés de façon externe à l'élément de construction.
PCT/IB2005/001404 2004-10-13 2005-05-10 Element structural composite et procede de fabrication de celui-ci WO2006040623A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

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EP05737787A EP1799930A1 (fr) 2004-10-13 2005-05-10 Element structural composite et procede de fabrication de celui-ci
MX2007004324A MX2007004324A (es) 2004-10-13 2005-05-10 Elemento compuesto estructural y su procedimiento de fabricacion.
CA002577464A CA2577464A1 (fr) 2004-10-13 2005-05-10 Element structural composite et procede de fabrication de celui-ci

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ITMI20041934 ITMI20041934A1 (it) 2004-10-13 2004-10-13 Elemento costruttivo composito in particolare per la realizzazione di strutture di solaio e strutture di parete per edifici e procedimento per la sua fabbricazione
ITMI2004A001934 2004-10-13

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CN (1) CN101040090A (fr)
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WO2006091792A1 (fr) * 2005-02-25 2006-08-31 Nova Chemicals, Inc. Panneaux de construction preformes composites
WO2009073377A1 (fr) * 2007-12-06 2009-06-11 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Bandes intumescentes pour protéger du feu une poutre structurale
WO2011006266A1 (fr) * 2009-07-17 2011-01-20 Stone Treuhand Ag Structure de mur pour bâtiment
ITUD20110048A1 (it) * 2011-03-31 2012-10-01 Panebianco Amalia Pannello strutturale prefabbricato per solai

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CN105544491A (zh) * 2015-12-02 2016-05-04 上海云逸民用航空科技有限公司 悬臂梁及钻井平台
CN112777976A (zh) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-11 浙江煤科清洁能源有限公司 一种高强度混凝土板材及其成型工艺

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WO2009073377A1 (fr) * 2007-12-06 2009-06-11 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Bandes intumescentes pour protéger du feu une poutre structurale
WO2011006266A1 (fr) * 2009-07-17 2011-01-20 Stone Treuhand Ag Structure de mur pour bâtiment
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US8683765B2 (en) 2009-07-17 2014-04-01 Stone Treuhand Ag Wall structure for a building
CN102482879B (zh) * 2009-07-17 2015-05-27 斯通信托股份公司 用于建筑物的墙结构
EA024301B1 (ru) * 2009-07-17 2016-09-30 Стоун Тройханд Аг Панель для сборки стены здания
ITUD20110048A1 (it) * 2011-03-31 2012-10-01 Panebianco Amalia Pannello strutturale prefabbricato per solai

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RU2007117363A (ru) 2008-11-20
EP1799930A1 (fr) 2007-06-27
MX2007004324A (es) 2007-06-05
ITMI20041934A1 (it) 2005-01-13
RU2369699C2 (ru) 2009-10-10
CN101040090A (zh) 2007-09-19
CA2577464A1 (fr) 2006-04-20

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