WO2006039342A1 - Engine with charge air-cooling system with water fumigation - Google Patents
Engine with charge air-cooling system with water fumigation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006039342A1 WO2006039342A1 PCT/US2005/034838 US2005034838W WO2006039342A1 WO 2006039342 A1 WO2006039342 A1 WO 2006039342A1 US 2005034838 W US2005034838 W US 2005034838W WO 2006039342 A1 WO2006039342 A1 WO 2006039342A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- charge air
- air
- cooler
- water
- header
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
- F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
- F02B29/0481—Intake air cooling by means others than heat exchangers, e.g. by rotating drum regenerators, cooling by expansion or by electrical means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
- F02M25/025—Adding water
- F02M25/028—Adding water into the charge intakes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- This invention relates to internal combustion engines and, more particularly, to an engine including a charge air-cooling system with water fumigation.
- the present invention provides an improved apparatus for adding water to the combustion process whereby water is added by fumigation of charge air in a charge air cooler prior to combustion in the cylinder.
- the improved fumigation device was developed for a turbocharged diesel engine designed primarily for use in railway locomotives but also usable for other vehicle and stationary applications.
- the inventive concepts of the design are applicable to other engine configurations and applications.
- the inventive concepts merely require that the engine include a charge air cooler located between a compressed air source, such as a turbocharger compressor, and the engine combustion chambers.
- a charge air-cooling system with water fumigation in accordance with the present invention includes a charge air cooler connected between a compressed air source, typically a turbocharger compressor, and the combustion chambers within cylinders of an engine.
- the charge air cooler may include a housing internally mounting a heat exchanger core between an air inlet and an air outlet.
- An intake header mounted along the bottom of the housing communicates the air inlet with an air outlet of the turbocharger.
- the housing air outlet is connected through a cooler outlet header, acting as an intake manifold, to intake ports of associated cylinders of the engine.
- the intake header is adapted to receive water through a suitable water feed source. Hot, compressed charge air entering the charge air cooler mixes with water vapor formed above the water in the duct-like header, thereby humidifying the charge air that enters the combustion chambers from the charge air cooler.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a turbocharged diesel engine including a charge air-cooling system with water fumigation in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 1.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawings in detail, numeral 10 generally indicates a turbocharged diesel engine designed for railway locomotive applications but usable in other applications, such as marine power and mobile and stationary power plants.
- Engine 10 includes an optimized engine charge air-cooling system with water fumigation 12 in accordance with the present invention.
- Charge air-cooling system 12 reduces engine NOx production by way of a novel water fumigation system for adding water vapor to the engine combustion process.
- the engine 10 has two cylinder banks 14, each having a plurality of cylinders 16 closed by cylinder heads 18. Pistons 20, reciprocable within the cylinders, define variable volume combustion chambers 22 between the pistons 20 and cylinder heads 18.
- the cylinder heads 18 contain intake and exhaust ports 24, 26, respectively, that communicate with the engine combustion chambers.
- the ports are controlled by intake and exhaust valves 28, 30, respectively, which are mounted in the cylinder heads and biased by valve springs 32.
- the valves 28, 30 are mechanically actuated by intake and exhaust cams 34, 36, respectively, of a camshaft 38 driving associated valve actuating mechanisms such as intake rocker arms 40.
- Fuel injection valves 42 are pressure actuated by camshaft driven injection pumps 43.
- the exhaust ports 26 are connected to exhaust manifolds 44, which are in turn connected to turbochargers 46.
- the charge air-cooling system 12 includes a pair of charge air coolers 48 (aftercoolers) that are side mounted, one on each of the outboard sides of the cylinder banks 14 of the twelve cylinder V-type engine 10. As illustrated in FIG. 1, each charge air cooler extends along the full length of its associated cylinder bank 14.
- the charge air cooler 48 includes a housing 50 and a continuous heat exchanger core 52 extending the full length within the housing.
- the core 52 is preferably fixed at one end to the housing 50 and free floating along its length on supports in the housing.
- the charge air cooler core 52 may be arranged on the coolant side as a four pass cross flow heat exchanger.
- Each charge air cooler housing 50 includes an open bottom forming an air inlet 54 and an open top forming an air outlet 56.
- An intake header 58 is mounted to the bottom of the housing 50 and communicated through the air inlet 54 with its cooler core 52.
- the header 58 connects through a connecting duct 59 with an air outlet 60 of a compressed air source, in this case a turbocharger 46.
- the charge air cooler air outlet 56 is connected to a cooler outlet header.
- the cooler outlet header 62 acting as an engine intake manifold, is mounted to the top of the charge air cooler housing 50 and communicates the cooler core 52 with the cylinder intake ports 24.
- the intake header 58 is adapted to receive water through a suitable water feed source, such as water supply means 64. In use, water 66 is contained along the bottom of the header 58.
- a sensor 68 may be located in the header, which, in combination with a control device 70, controls the level of water 66 in the header 58.
- the engine cycle conventionally includes intake, compression, expansion and exhaust strokes of the pistons. Intake charges drawn into the combustion chambers 22 from the cylinder intake ports 24 on the intake strokes are compressed with the valves closed. Fuel injected into the combustion chambers 22 from the cylinder intake ports 24 on the intake strokes are compressed with the valves closed. Fuel injected into the combustion chambers 22 from the cylinder intake ports 24 on the intake strokes are compressed with the valves closed. Fuel injected into the pistons.
- combustion chambers 22 is ignited by the hot, compressed gases, and the combustion products expand as the pistons move downward, producing power. High combustion temperatures in the combustion chambers undesirably cause formation of nitrogen oxides (NOx).
- NOx nitrogen oxides
- the combustion products are exhausted through the exhaust ports 26 and exhaust manifolds 44 to the turbochargers 46, providing energy to the turbochargers to boost the pressure of the intake charges.
- the engine pistons draw air into their respective combustion chambers on their intake strokes.
- the turbochargers 46 draw in additional charge air and compress the air, thereby heating it.
- the pressurized (compressed) charge air is delivered through the turbocharger an * outlets 60, connecting ducts 59, if used, and intake headers 58 to the charge air cooler housing air inlets 54. Charge air then passes through the heat exchanger cores 52 and exits through the charge ah * cooler housing outlets 56.
- the charge air passes through the cooler outlet headers 62 to the cylinder intake ports 34 at pressures varying with engine operating conditions.
- the present charge air-cooling system with water fumigation reduces the production of NOx by adding water to the charge air prior to the air entering the cylinder intake ports.
- Hot, compressed charge air from the turbochargers 46 enters the intake headers 58 of the charge air coolers 48.
- the charge air cooler cores are heat exchangers, which may have on the water side a four pass cross flow heat exchanger arrangement in which the charge air passes serially through four passes of the water tubes, each pass carrying cooler water than the pass before it.
- Water 66 is added as needed to the headers 58 and is spread along the bottoms of the intake headers 58 by gravity, assisted if necessary by suitable means, such as baffles to maintain water along the bottoms of the headers.
- the level of water 66 in the bottoms of the headers 58 may be controlled with a sensor 68 and a control device 70.
- the water 66 is exposed to the hot, compressed charge air supply coming from the turbochargers 46. At full engine load down to approximately 65 percent load, the temperature of the charge air is above the pressure compensated water boiling temperature. This causes the water 66 to boil and water vapor to form above the liquid water.
- the charge air passing through the air intake headers 58 mixes with and carries the water vapor up into the charge air cooler cores 52 through the air inlets 54 of the charge air cooler housings 50.
- heat exchange with the cores lowers the temperature of the air /water mix.
- the charge air temperature drops by approximately 95 percent of the temperature difference between the compressor discharge temperature and the coolant inlet temperature.
- the temperature drop results in condensation forming on fins of the heat exchangers. The condensation accumulates and drips back into the water 66 in the intake headers 58.
- This process causes the charge air leaving the charge air cooler core 52 through the air outlets 56 to be close to 100 percent humidity, achieving the goal of maximizing humidity without having excess water drop out in the intake ports 24 of the cylinder heads 18.
- the humidified charge air then enters the combustion chambers 22 through the intake ports 24 via the charge air cooler outlet headers 62.
- This unique use of a charge air-cooling system to add water to engine charge air reduces the levels of NOx produced by the engine by adding water to the engine combustion reaction to lower peak combustion temperatures.
- the invention emphasizes the following features: locating water at a charge air cooler air inlet; humidifying the charge air in a charge air cooling system; utilizing a water boiling/condensation process to humidify the charge air; and maximizing the percent humidity of the engine charge air so as to obtain a reduction in the amount of NOx gases produced by the engine.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05800709A EP1794424A1 (en) | 2004-10-01 | 2005-09-29 | Engine with charge air-cooling system with water fumigation |
CA2581826A CA2581826C (en) | 2004-10-01 | 2005-09-29 | Engine with charge air-cooling system with water fumigation |
AU2005292056A AU2005292056A1 (en) | 2004-10-01 | 2005-09-29 | Engine with charge air-cooling system with water fumigation |
MX2007003640A MX2007003640A (en) | 2004-10-01 | 2005-09-29 | Engine with charge air-cooling system with water fumigation. |
BRPI0516728-0A BRPI0516728A (en) | 2004-10-01 | 2005-09-29 | internal combustion engine, compressed air cooling system for engine adapted for water fumigation, and compressed air fumigation method of an internal combustion engine with water |
AU2010246385A AU2010246385A1 (en) | 2004-10-01 | 2010-11-23 | Engine with charge air-cooling system with water fumigation |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/956,645 | 2004-10-01 | ||
US10/956,645 US7051720B2 (en) | 2004-10-01 | 2004-10-01 | Engine with charge air-cooling system with water fumigation |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006039342A1 true WO2006039342A1 (en) | 2006-04-13 |
Family
ID=36124200
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2005/034838 WO2006039342A1 (en) | 2004-10-01 | 2005-09-29 | Engine with charge air-cooling system with water fumigation |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7051720B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1794424A1 (en) |
CN (2) | CN101487417B (en) |
AU (2) | AU2005292056A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0516728A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2581826C (en) |
MX (1) | MX2007003640A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006039342A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA200702661B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FI118136B (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2007-07-13 | Marioff Corp Oy | Injection procedure and apparatus |
WO2008116568A1 (en) * | 2007-03-23 | 2008-10-02 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Charging fluid suction module and internal combustion engine |
US7530349B2 (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2009-05-12 | Rim Julius J | Hydrated EGR system, method and apparatus for reducing harmful exhaust emissions and improving fuel economy |
DE102010036303B4 (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2019-06-19 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Internal combustion engine with horizontally arranged cylinder banks and turbocharger |
CN103688031B (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2018-03-27 | 彭斯干 | A kind of methods, devices and systems for optimizing exhaust back pressure of internal combustion engine |
EP2647806A1 (en) * | 2012-04-05 | 2013-10-09 | Caterpillar Motoren GmbH & Co. KG | Charge air guide element for internal combustion engine |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6003500A (en) * | 1997-02-10 | 1999-12-21 | Industrial Power Generating Corporation | Nitrogen oxides reducing aftercooler for turbocharged engines |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4960080A (en) * | 1989-02-28 | 1990-10-02 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Pollution control apparatus and method for a turbodiesel motor-generator set |
DK170217B1 (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1995-06-26 | Man B & W Diesel Gmbh | Large pressurized internal combustion engine and method of operating a cooler for cooling such engine's intake air. |
DK170218B1 (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1995-06-26 | Man B & W Diesel Gmbh | Large pressurized diesel engine |
AU3500595A (en) * | 1994-09-12 | 1996-03-29 | Entherm, Inc. | In-cylinder water injection engine |
ATE215179T1 (en) * | 1996-09-09 | 2002-04-15 | Collin Consult Ab Lars | DRIVE DEVICE AND METHOD FOR REDUCING THE QUANTITY OF NOX IN THE EXHAUST GASES OF A COMBUSTION ENGINE |
DE19938292A1 (en) * | 1999-08-12 | 2001-02-15 | Munters Euroform Gmbh Carl | Device for humidifying the intake air of internal combustion engines with a turbocharger |
SE0001313D0 (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2000-04-10 | Jerzy Chomiak | Turbocharger utilizing waste heat of an internal combustion engine |
DE10211167A1 (en) * | 2001-03-20 | 2002-09-26 | Munters Euroform Gmbh Carl | Device to moisten intake air of IC engine with turbocharger has heat exchanger for preheating of intake air switched into fluid circuit with further heat exchanger |
FI116157B (en) * | 2002-03-20 | 2005-09-30 | Waertsilae Finland Oy | Method for reducing nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from a supercharged piston engine and piston engine arrangement |
-
2004
- 2004-10-01 US US10/956,645 patent/US7051720B2/en active Active
-
2005
- 2005-09-29 CN CN2009100064356A patent/CN101487417B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-09-29 CA CA2581826A patent/CA2581826C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-09-29 BR BRPI0516728-0A patent/BRPI0516728A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-09-29 MX MX2007003640A patent/MX2007003640A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2005-09-29 CN CNB2005800331662A patent/CN100478550C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-09-29 EP EP05800709A patent/EP1794424A1/en active Pending
- 2005-09-29 AU AU2005292056A patent/AU2005292056A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-09-29 WO PCT/US2005/034838 patent/WO2006039342A1/en active Application Filing
-
2007
- 2007-03-29 ZA ZA200702661A patent/ZA200702661B/en unknown
-
2010
- 2010-11-23 AU AU2010246385A patent/AU2010246385A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6003500A (en) * | 1997-02-10 | 1999-12-21 | Industrial Power Generating Corporation | Nitrogen oxides reducing aftercooler for turbocharged engines |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2005292056A1 (en) | 2006-04-13 |
CN101487417B (en) | 2011-10-05 |
US7051720B2 (en) | 2006-05-30 |
AU2010246385A1 (en) | 2010-12-16 |
CA2581826C (en) | 2010-07-27 |
ZA200702661B (en) | 2008-09-25 |
US20060070380A1 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
CA2581826A1 (en) | 2006-04-13 |
EP1794424A1 (en) | 2007-06-13 |
CN101487417A (en) | 2009-07-22 |
CN101031705A (en) | 2007-09-05 |
CN100478550C (en) | 2009-04-15 |
BRPI0516728A (en) | 2008-09-23 |
MX2007003640A (en) | 2007-06-11 |
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