WO2006029567A1 - METHOD FOR FLEXIBLY SURPORTING NON-symmetrical SERVICE IN' MULTI-CARRIER TDD MOBILE COMMUNICATION system - Google Patents

METHOD FOR FLEXIBLY SURPORTING NON-symmetrical SERVICE IN' MULTI-CARRIER TDD MOBILE COMMUNICATION system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006029567A1
WO2006029567A1 PCT/CN2005/001465 CN2005001465W WO2006029567A1 WO 2006029567 A1 WO2006029567 A1 WO 2006029567A1 CN 2005001465 W CN2005001465 W CN 2005001465W WO 2006029567 A1 WO2006029567 A1 WO 2006029567A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
uplink
downlink
service
carrier
time slot
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2005/001465
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Shihe Li
Guiliang Yang
Jinling Hu
Original Assignee
Datang Mobile Communications Equipment Co., Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Datang Mobile Communications Equipment Co., Ltd filed Critical Datang Mobile Communications Equipment Co., Ltd
Priority to US11/662,679 priority Critical patent/US8077640B2/en
Priority to EP05784849.1A priority patent/EP1793635B1/en
Publication of WO2006029567A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006029567A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/543—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria based on requested quality, e.g. QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/29—Control channels or signalling for resource management between an access point and the access point controlling device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/541—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using the level of interference

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to time division duplex mobile communication technology, and more particularly to a method for flexibly supporting asymmetric services by using different uplink and downlink transition points for different carriers of a cell or a base station in a multi-carrier time division duplex mobile communication system.
  • the base station In the current third-generation mobile communication time division duplex (TDD) communication standard (see 3GPP related technical specifications), only the single carrier mode of operation is specified. In order to meet the communication needs in high-density applications, the base station should be designed for multi-carrier operation. Based on the idea of "multi-carrier time division duplex mobile communication system", the wireless base station adopts multi-carrier operation mode and can be used in one cell. Multiple carriers, such as three carrier frequencies: f0, fl, G, to increase the capacity of the cell, or increase system capacity while reducing system cost, simplify system design, facilitate system control and management, and improve System efficiency.
  • TDD time division duplex
  • a base station usually uses one set or one set of radio frequency transceivers.
  • all carrier frequencies such as f0, fl, and f2
  • f0, fl, and f2 can only be received simultaneously or simultaneously, otherwise serious interference will occur inside the base station.
  • the system is unable to transmit and receive normally.
  • the traditional TDD system is in a mobile communication system that constitutes a cell structure
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the working state of a multi-carrier base station of a typical TDD cellular mobile communication system implementing the 3GPP standard.
  • Three cells 101, 102, and 103 are shown, and the base stations 111, 112, and 113 of each cell use single or multiple.
  • the same carrier frequency e.g., three carrier frequencies fO, fl, f2
  • the three carrier frequencies of each cell In the current normal working state, the three carrier frequencies of each cell must be simultaneously transceived and converted, that is, the base stations in each cell.
  • the carrier frequency must be downlink transmission at the same time or uplink reception at the same time, so that interference between the respective carrier frequencies in the uplink and downlink overlapping time slots can be avoided.
  • the neighboring cells must also be coordinated, using the same uplink and downlink transition time (at the same transition point), if each cell uses different uplink and downlink transition times, such as three carriers fO, fl of the cell base stations 111, 112, 113
  • the uplink and downlink conversion times used by £2 are t1, t2, and t3, respectively, which inevitably cause mutual interference during the overlapping time between uplink and downlink.
  • FIG. A typical structural design of a TDD system base station is illustrated in FIG. Includes RF transceivers and antenna systems.
  • the antenna system is composed of 1 to n antennas 201, 202, ..., 20n connected to 1 to n feeders 211, 212 21n correspondingly connected to 1 to ⁇ antennas.
  • 1 to ⁇ feeders connect 1 to ⁇ antennas to 1 to n RF receivers 231 on the indoor rack.
  • radio frequency transmitters 241, 242 24n are then connected to the baseband signal processing unit 251.
  • baseband signal processing unit 251 In a TDD system, through components such as RF switches or circulators
  • the normal working state of each carrier in each cell using the same uplink and downlink conversion time and the state in which the uplink and downlink conversion times of different cell carriers are different cannot be operated normally.
  • the horizontal lines, the right oblique lines, and the left oblique line pattern boxes respectively correspond to the descending lines f0, fl, and f2; the square, white, and black pattern boxes respectively correspond to the upward f, fl, and G.
  • the three carrier frequencies f0, fl, and f2 of the base stations 111, 112, and 113 use the same uplink and downlink conversion time t1, and all of them are used before tl.
  • the base station in each cell uses a smart antenna or whether to adopt diversity transmission or diversity reception
  • the base station of each cell uses different uplink and downlink conversion time, for example, the uplink and downlink conversion of the three carrier frequencies f0, fl, G of the base station 111
  • the time is t1
  • the uplink and downlink conversion time of the three carrier frequencies f0, fl, and f2 of the base station 112 is t2
  • the uplink and downlink conversion time of the three carrier frequencies f0, fl, and £2 of the base station 113 is t3, and the uplink and downlink overlap.
  • the base station 111 (uplink) will be subjected to strong interference from the base station 112 (downlink); during the period from t2 to t3 in which the uplink and the downlink overlap, the base station 113 is also subjected to strong interference from the base station 112 (downlink), and The base station 113 is also subjected to strong interference (downlink) from the base station 111 during the period from t3 to tl of the uplink and downlink overlap. Since the base station antenna is generally set up relatively high, the transmission power is also much larger than that of the user terminal. Therefore, during the time when the above interference occurs, the base station cannot correctly receive the signal from the terminal, so that the communication cannot be normally performed in the interfered time slot.
  • each RF transceiver supports multiple carriers simultaneously, each RF transceiver uses a common switch or circulator 221, 222 22 ⁇ for up-down conversion and uses a common antenna and feeder system.
  • the TD-SCDMA system In the TD-SCDMA system, one of the third generation mobile communication system standards, its obvious technical advantage is to support asymmetric services.
  • the existing multi-carrier base station since multiple carriers use the same transceiver, the uplink and downlink transitions must be performed simultaneously, and if the neighboring cells in the planned area use the same carrier frequency (the basic requirement of the CDMA system), In order to avoid interference, the neighboring cells usually require frame synchronization and the same proportion of uplink and downlink time slot configuration, so that the flexibility of the system to support asymmetric uplink and downlink services is limited.
  • the object of the present invention is to design a multi-carrier time division duplex mobile communication system to flexibly support asymmetric services, so that each base station or each cell and each base station can use different uplink and downlink conversions on different working carriers and adjacent cells.
  • a technical solution for achieving the object of the present invention is: A method for flexibly supporting asymmetric services in a multi-carrier time division duplex mobile communication system, between multiple carrier frequencies of adjacent different cells and multiple carrier frequencies of the same cell, An asymmetric service supporting different uplink and downlink time slot switching points, characterized by including -
  • A2 It is determined by analysis that when the uplink and downlink time slot configuration of the carrier frequency is changed, the traffic in the cell that is interfered with on other carrier frequencies and the neighboring cells in the cell will be interfered with in all carrier frequencies.
  • Business on A3. Using fast dynamic channel allocation technology to adjust the above-mentioned interfered traffic to the working carrier frequency of the interfered service or other non-interfering time slots of other carrier frequencies to avoid interference;
  • step B When the execution of steps A1 to A3 meets the requirements, the uplink and downlink service time slot ratio of the carrier frequency is changed to accept the request and step C is performed, otherwise the request is rejected;
  • the proportion of the uplink and downlink service time slots of the carrier frequency is changed to the proportion of the uplink and downlink service time slots initially configured.
  • the ratio of the uplink and downlink service time slots of the initial configuration cannot support the proportion of the uplink and downlink service time slots required by the requested asymmetric service, including: the data transmission rate required for the asymmetric service request exceeds the initial When the configured maximum rate of transmission may be in the uplink or downlink direction; or, the remaining resources after the initial configuration is assumed to be insufficient for the requested service.
  • the analysis in the step A2 determines that whether the other carrier frequency and the neighboring cell are in the time slot of the requesting user in the direction of the shaped beam of the requesting user.
  • the shaped beam direction receives the signal from the user terminal; or whether the other carrier frequency and the neighboring cell are forwarded to the user terminal in the time slot less than the initial allocated time slot signal.
  • the investigation further includes: the wireless network controller sequentially records and updates the wireless network by querying the system working state database and managing the wireless resources according to the requesting user's incoming wave direction and the shaped beam width.
  • the state of each working terminal in the management area of the controller including the allocated radio resources including the carrier frequency, the time slot and the code channel, the carried service, the data generally measured according to the communication standard, and the location information of the terminal, the location
  • the information includes the distance and relative azimuth between the working terminal and the base station, and the mutual position of all the cell antennas in the management range and the data of the shaped beam width of each cell antenna.
  • the step A3 is also determined by the radio network controller according to the requesting user's incoming wave direction and the shaped beam width, by querying the system working state database and managing the radio resources to determine that the fast dynamic channel allocation technique can be used to overcome the problem.
  • the invention proposes different carriers and different bases in a multi-carrier time division duplex mobile communication system
  • the design method of asymmetric services that use different uplink and downlink transition points and support different proportions of resources for uplink and downlink.
  • the present invention discloses that in a TDD system using a smart antenna, a system working state database is established in a radio network controller (RC), and data of all working terminals is recorded in the database.
  • RC radio network controller
  • the radio network controller needs to adjust the existing time slot allocation ratio to receive the asymmetric service of the user, by analyzing the pointing of the smart antenna shaped beam, and using the data in the database, it is determined that the uplink and downlink transition points may be interfered when changing.
  • Cell, carrier frequency and time slot, then fast dynamic channel allocation (DCA) techniques can be used to avoid interference when using different uplink and downlink transition points.
  • the present invention proposes that in a time division duplex mobile communication system, a base station uses multiple carriers, and different uplink and downlink transition points can be used between adjacent different cells or different carrier frequencies of the same cell to flexibly support asymmetric services.
  • the base station device uses a beam shaping antenna to dynamically track the location information of the user terminal, and the radio network controller can perform interference situations that may occur when using different uplink and downlink transition points according to the location information of the user terminal and the shaped beam width. analysis.
  • fast DCA technology can be used to avoid interference, that is, the interfered user service is adjusted to other time slots of its working carrier frequency or non-interference slots on other carrier frequencies. To improve system efficiency and capacity.
  • the receiving and transmitting of the multi-carrier TDD base station must use an antenna and feeder system with sufficient isolation, and an independently controlled RF receiver and RF transmitter with sufficient isolation.
  • a design method for supporting a different proportion of asymmetric services in a time division duplex multi-carrier mobile communication system is disclosed.
  • the core technology of this method is to use the advanced radio resource management control and the smart antenna beamforming method according to the relevant measurement information of the system to further avoid the interference on the basis of fully analyzing the interference, thereby realizing multiple carriers and neighboring cells of the base station.
  • Multiple carriers can flexibly configure uplink and downlink transition points, and thus flexibly support different proportions of asymmetric services, which avoids mutual interference between carriers and improves the efficiency of system resource allocation, fully demonstrating that TDD systems support asymmetric services.
  • the multi-carrier TD-SCDMA system adopting the method of the invention can greatly reduce intra-system interference and solve the same cell in the TDD cellular mobile communication system.
  • Different uplink and downlink conversion times are used between the middle and neighboring cells to flexibly support asymmetric services, which improves system efficiency and capacity without adding additional cost and complexity.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of the working state of a multi-carrier base station of a current 3GPP standard TDD system
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram showing a typical structure of a base station of a current TDD system
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a state in which the normal working state of the multi-carrier base station of the TDD system in the 3GPP standard is not working normally when the uplink and the downlink are not simultaneously converted;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station of a multi-carrier TD-SCDMA system supporting the method of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an interference direction of a time division duplex system with a smart antenna
  • 6 is a schematic diagram of an initial configuration of an uplink and downlink time slot of the TD-SCDMA and an adjustment configuration thereof, including 6-A and 6-B;
  • FIG. 7 is a flow chart of avoiding interference by radio resource control when different base stations use different uplink and downlink transition points for different carriers.
  • the TD-SCDMA system is taken as an example to illustrate that when a multi-carrier base station of a time division duplex system works, different carriers and different uplink and downlink transition points are used to support asymmetric services, thereby avoiding mutual interference and improving system efficiency as much as possible. Resource allocation method.
  • the core of the method of the present invention is that in the multi-carrier time division duplex mobile communication system, the uplink and downlink conversion time of one of the plurality of carriers may be different from the uplink and downlink conversion time of the other carriers.
  • a multi-carrier time division duplex mobile communication system treats a sector having multiple carriers, the same or nearly the same coverage area as one cell.
  • one carrier will be selected as the primary carrier, and all common channels, such as downlink pilot time slot DwPTS, broadcast channel BCH, paging channel PCH, forward access channel FACH, and uplink random access channel RACH, etc. They are all arranged on the primary carrier.
  • the remaining resources (slots and code channels) of the primary carrier and all resources (time slots and code channels) of other carriers are used as transmission services.
  • the uplink and downlink conversion times of different carriers will be determined according to the needs of asymmetric services.
  • the receiving antenna array is composed of antenna units 501, 502, ..., 50n, which respectively receive and receive The N2005/001465 lines 511, 512, ..., 51n are connected to the receivers 531, 532 53n; the transmit antenna array is composed of antenna elements 551, 552, ..., 55n, which respectively pass through the transmit feed lines 561, 562, . .., 56 ⁇ are connected to the transmitters 541, 542, ..., 54n.
  • 571 is a baseband signal processing unit. This structure is compared to the basic structure of a conventional TDD base station (see Fig. 2), with the difference that there is no need to use a radio frequency switch or circulator, and the respective antennas and feeders are used for reception and transmission, and are respectively connected to the receiver and the transmitter.
  • the TDD system uses the same frequency for reception and transmission on each carrier. In engineering practice, multiple carriers are working on adjacent carrier frequencies. Moreover, when the uplink and downlink conversion times of each carrier are different, interference between adjacent carriers in the base station must be avoided.
  • the transmitter In the base station device, The transmitter must have a very low leakage to the receiver, or the isolation between them must be at least 60 dB (eg between 60 and 80 dB). In addition, the isolation between the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna should also be sufficiently high (for example, 60 dB or more). The latter should be achieved through antenna (array) design and engineering installation.
  • the base station of the TD-SCDMA system uses a smart antenna to receive and transmit service data using a shaped beam.
  • the energy density of the signal outside the beam will be 10 to tens of times lower than that in the beam.
  • a TDD cellular mobile communication network with a smart antenna is composed of n base stations, each of which uses a 3-sector coverage antenna, that is, each base station can be regarded as covering three cells.
  • the base station 304 shown in the figure covers three cells I, II, III, and the base station 305 covers three cells, ⁇ , 111'.
  • the base station 304 communicates with the terminal 311 in its II sector, the base station 304
  • the transmit and receive shaped beam can be 321 with a main lobe beamwidth of about 15 ⁇ .
  • the carrier I in the same direction as the beam 321 is located in the cell I of the neighboring base station 305 in which the beam 321 is directed, and in the cell II. It will be subject to interference, and the possibility of interference with other carrier frequencies and cells other than the above is very small. Moreover, these potentially disturbed cells or carrier frequencies are only interfered when their shaped beams, such as 322, are directed to the shaped beam 321 and overlap in time slots (see Figure 3). When their shaped beams point in other directions, such as 323, the interference is very small and hardly affects communication.
  • the shaped beam 321 will change direction with the terminal. 5 001465
  • the base station (or cell) that can be interfered with will also change. So, need to be in the wireless network controller
  • the (RNC) side sets up a system working state database to record the status of each working terminal in the managed range in real time, including the allocated radio resources (carrier frequency, time slot and code channel), bearer services, and requirements according to communication standards.
  • the data measured conventionally and the location of the terminal (distance and orientation relative to the base station, or the direction of arrival of the signal to the base station) and so on.
  • the radio network controller In order to avoid interference between base stations, the radio network controller (RNC) must also record and update the mutual position of all cell antennas in the management range and the data of the shaped beam width of each cell antenna in the above-mentioned database at any time, and use these data as An important basis for wireless resource management (RRM).
  • RRM wireless resource management
  • the uplink and downlink time slot allocation scheme is set according to the traffic statistics of the uplink and downlink.
  • Sector II of base station 304 using carrier frequencies f0, fl, ⁇ 2, sector ⁇ of neighboring base station 305 also uses carrier frequencies f0, fl, f2.
  • Sector II and sector ⁇ Carrier frequency f0, fl, f2 The initial time slot configuration is shown in Figure 6-A. Three uplink time slots and three downlink time slots are configured before and after the transition point 2.
  • the terminal user 311 When the terminal user 311 initiates a call in the sector II of the base station 304, applies for a high-speed download service, and needs 4 downlink time slot support, according to the current time slot configuration scheme, any carrier cannot support the user's request, if not With the support of the method of the present invention, the access request of the user is rejected. However, if the method of the present invention is employed, the user request can be supported by changing the slot configuration.
  • the user request can be supported by changing the uplink and downlink time slot configuration, that is, the fl time slot configuration can be changed to the configuration mode shown in FIG. 6-B; If the uplink and downlink time slot configuration of fl is changed, the other carrier frequencies of the cell, and the beamforming are directed to all carrier frequencies of the neighboring cells, for example, the influence of f0, fl, f2 of the sector I' of the base station 305. Since the base station uses the smart antenna to shape the beam, the direction of the incoming wave to the user 311 can be determined as 321 , and only the beam shaping direction 321 causes interference to other users.
  • the carrier frequencies fO, f2 of the own cell and the fD, fl, f2 of the sector I' of the base station 305 are only converted in FIG. 6-B.
  • Users working in an upstream time slot before point 2 will be subject to PT/CN2005/001465 to interference.
  • the RNC records the current radio resource usage.
  • users can obtain the situation in the beamforming direction and time slot that may be interfered.
  • the sector I' of the 305, the carrier frequency fl has a user transmitting uplink information in the direction of 322, and is interfered by the strong downlink signal of 321;
  • the fast DCA technology can be used to adjust the user in the 322 direction to other uplink time slots of the carrier frequency fl or the uplink non-interference time slots of the other carrier frequencies f0, f (ie, the carrier frequencies fD, fl, f2). Other upstream time slots) to avoid interference;
  • the slot configuration of the sector II and fl of the base station 304 can be changed as shown in FIG. 6-B to support the high speed download service request of the user 311.
  • the method of the present invention can effectively improve resource utilization efficiency and realize flexible support for asymmetric services.
  • Step 700 Initially allocate uplink and downlink service time slots.
  • the system initially determines the proportion of an uplink and downlink service time slot based on the statistics of the uplink and downlink traffic, and initially allocates uplink and downlink service time slots of all cells according to the ratio.
  • step 710 there is a business requirement to change the uplink and downlink transition points.
  • the wireless resource is allocated by the conventional method, that is, the same uplink and downlink transition point is used.
  • the proposed service requirement is that the original uplink and downlink service time slot allocation cannot be supported, it will be judged whether the service can be accepted by changing the proportion of uplink and downlink service time slots.
  • the above-mentioned original uplink and downlink service time slot allocation does not support new requests.
  • One case is that the data transmission rate required by this service exceeds the maximum rate that may be transmitted in the direction (in the uplink or downlink direction);
  • the services that have been undertaken according to the original uplink and downlink service time slots are allocated, and the remaining resources are insufficient to bear the service again.
  • step 720 it is determined whether there is a resource. If a certain carrier frequency of the cell can support the service by changing its traffic time slot ratio configuration, that is, changing its uplink and downlink time slot configuration, in other words, there is enough in another transmission direction (upstream or downlink). Resources are used to transmit this direction (downstream or upstream)
  • the process of changing the proportion of the uplink and downlink time slots is started, and step 730 is performed. Otherwise, when the resource condition has been impossible to change the proportion of the service time slot, the service request is rejected, and step 790 is performed.
  • the user needs to download the service at a high speed, and the current uplink and downlink time slot ratio configuration cannot be supported. That is, the downlink data transmission rate required by the user has exceeded the maximum transmission rate that the downlink time slot can support, or the current downlink resources are insufficient.
  • the user request it can be determined whether there is any remaining resources in the uplink time slot to determine whether the service can be supported by adjusting its uplink and downlink time slot switching points. If the uplink time slot has remaining resources and can support user requirements, Go to the next interference analysis, otherwise reject the user's needs.
  • Step 730 analyzing interference that may be caused when adjusting the uplink and downlink time slot switching points. That is, analyzing a selected carrier frequency of the cell in which the call request is made (which has sufficient resources), when changing its uplink and downlink transition points, the other carrier frequencies of the cell and the interference to all carrier frequencies of the neighboring cells in the user direction (Or to analyze the other carrier frequencies of the cell and the interference of all carrier frequencies of the neighboring cells to the carrier frequency of the cell).
  • the analysis principle is to investigate whether the carrier frequency of the neighboring cell is being formed in the direction of the user, that is, in the direction of the shaped beam of the user, whether there are more uplink or downlink time slots than the originally allocated uplink or downlink time slot.
  • the beam direction receives the signal from the terminal, and there is interference; or whether there is a carrier frequency of the neighboring cell in the uplink or downlink time slot less than the originally allocated uplink or downlink time slot, and the direction of the shaped beam is transmitted to the terminal. Signal, there is interference.
  • RNC the Radio Network Controller
  • RNC records the status of each working terminal in the management scope in real time, including the allocated radio resources (carrier frequency, time slot and code channel) and bearer.
  • the service the data for routine measurement according to the communication standard, and the location of the terminal (distance and relative orientation with the base station, or the direction of arrival of the terminal signal to the base station).
  • the radio network controller also records and updates the mutual position of all cell antennas in the management range and the data of the shaped beam width of each cell antenna.
  • the network RNC can query the relevant database according to the direction of the incoming wave of the call requesting user, and determine whether other carrier frequencies of the cell and all carrier frequencies of the neighboring cell have interference in the direction of the shaped beam of the call requesting user, and can also determine whether These interferences can be overcome with Fast Dynamic Channel Assignment (DCA) techniques.
  • DCA Fast Dynamic Channel Assignment
  • Step 740 to determine whether the interference can be overcome.
  • the interference here refers to: if a new request is accessed on a certain carrier frequency, it will cause interference to other carrier frequencies of the same cell, and interference of all carrier frequencies of the neighboring cell to the user.
  • Step 750 can be performed by avoiding interference by DCA techniques.
  • Step 750 Change the uplink and downlink service time slot proportion configuration of the carrier frequency to support its high speed download service request, and immediately update the RNC database.
  • Step 760 analyzing and adjusting resource allocation of the corresponding interfered cell until the communication process ends. Since the terminal may be constantly moving in the mobile communication system, the interference also varies between cells having different uplink and downlink time slot ratios. Therefore, during the entire communication process, the interference changes should be analyzed at any time, and fast DCA technology should be used to avoid interference until the communication process ends.
  • Step 770 When the communication ends, immediately restore the original, initially allocated uplink and downlink service time slot ratio of the service.
  • the database is built in the RC, and the information of all the working terminals is recorded and updated, and the intelligent service is analyzed when the asymmetric service with different uplink and downlink ratios is allocated and maintained.
  • the shaped beam of the antenna is pointed, and the database information is used to determine the cells, carriers and time slots that may be interfered, and the fast dynamic channel allocation technique is used to avoid interference, so that different carrier frequencies and different cells can be used differently. Line conversion point.
  • Determining the shape of the beam according to the smart antenna technology, using the database information to calculate user resource usage, and dynamic channel allocation are all techniques that have been used in existing TDD mobile communication systems with smart antennas, the techniques of the present invention
  • the solution uses the information obtained by the smart antenna for interference analysis and further circumvention.
  • Different uplink and downlink transition points can be used between different carrier frequencies and different cells, so that the uplink and downlink asymmetric services can be flexibly supported, and the system capacity can be expanded.

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Description

多载波时分双工移动通信系统灵活支持非对称业务的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及时分双工移动通信技术， 更确切地说是涉及多载波时分双工 移动通信系统中， 小区或基站的不同载波使用不同上下行转换点以灵活支持 非对称业务的方法。
背景技术
在目前第三代移动通信时分双工 （TDD) 通信方式的标准 （参见 3GPP 相关技术规范） 中， 都仅仅规定了单载波的工作方式。 为了满足高密度应用 环境下的通信需要， 基站应设计为多载波工作， 基于该思想所设计的"多载波 时分双工移动通信系统"， 无线基站采用多载波工作方式， 可以在一个小区内 使用多个载波， 如三个载频： f0、 fl、 G， 来增加小区的容量， 或者说在增加 系统容量的同时又降低了系统成本， 简化系统设计、 便于对系统的控制和管 理、 并提高系统效率。
但一个基站通常使用一套或一组射频收发信机， 在多载波工作时， 所有 载频如 f0、 fl、 f2, 只能同时接收或者同时发送， 否则在基站内部就将产生 严重的干扰， 使得系统无法正常发射与接收。
而且传统的 TDD系统在组成蜂窝小区结构的移动通信系统时，根据码分 多址 （CDMA) 移动通信系统的基本要求， 运营商在做系统规划时， 相邻小 区使用相同载波频率， 则相邻小区必须同步工作， 即同时发射下行信号并同 时接收上行信号， 否则， 通信系统内各基站间将相互干扰。
上述问题的存在，大大限制了 TDD系统支持相邻小区使用不同上下行比 例的非对称业务的可能性， 或者说需要以牺牲一定的系统容量为代价， 来使 相邻小区可以支持使用不同上下行比例的非对称业务。
图 1是执行 3GPP标准的一个典型 TDD蜂窝移动通信系统多载波基站工 作状态的示意图， 图中给出三个小区 101、 102、 103， 每个小区的基站 111、 112、 113使用单个或者多个相同载频（如 3个载频 fO、 fl、 f2), 各小区中有 多个正在工作的终端 131、 132、 133、 134 13n。 在目前的正常工作状 态下， 各个小区的三个载频必须同时进行收发转换， 即各个小区内基站的所 有载频必须同时进行下行发射或者同时进行上行接收， 这样可以避开各个载 频相互之间在上下行重叠时隙内的干扰。 而且相邻小区也必须协调一致,采用 相同的上下行转换时间 （在同一转换点上），如果各小区使用不同的上下行转 换时间， 如小区基站 111、 112、 113的三个载波 fO、 fl、 £2采用的上下行转 换时间分别为 tl、 t2、 t3， 则在上下行重叠的时间内必然导致相互干扰。
图 2中示意出 TDD系统基站的典型结构设计。包括射频收发信机及天线 系统。 一般情况下， 其天线系统由 1至 n个天线 201、 202、 ...、 20η, 与 1 至 η个天线对应连接的 1至 η条馈线 211、 212 21η连接组成。 1至 η 条馈线将 1至 η个天线对应连接至室内机架上的 1至 η台射频收信机 231、
232、 ...、 23η和 1至 η台射频发信机 241、 242 24η, 然后再与基带信 号处理单元 251连接。在 TDD系统中，通过射频开关或者环行器之类的部件
221、 222 22η实现收发转换， 即可由一套天线和馈线对应一套射频收 发信机。
结合参见图 3说明各个小区各个载波使用相同的上下行转换时间的正常 工作状态及各个小区载波使用不相同的上下行转换时间的无法正常工作的状 态。 在图中分别用横线、 右斜线、 左斜线图案框对应表示下行 f0、 fl、 f2; 分别用方格、 白、 黑图案框对应表示上行 f 、 fl、 G。 在图 1所示的实例中， 在现在正常的工作状态下， 基站 111、 112、 113的各三个载频 f0、 fl、 f2使 用相同的上下行转换时间 tl，在 tl前全部并同时用于下行，在 tl时全部并同 时转换为上行。 不论各个小区内的基站是否使用智能天线或者是否采用分集 发射或分集接收， 当每个小区的基站使用不同的上下行转换时间时， 例如基 站 111三个载频 f0、 fl、 G的上下行转换时间为 tl， 基站 112三个载频 f0、 fl、 f2的上下行转换时间为 t2， 而基站 113三个载频 f0、 fl、 £2的上下行转 换时间为 t3， 则在上下行重叠的 tl到 t2时间内， 基站 111 (上行）将受到来 自基站 112 (下行） 的强干扰； 在上下行重叠的 t2到 t3时间内， 基站 113也 受到来自基站 112 (下行） 的强干扰， 和在上下行重叠的 t3到 tl时间内， 基 站 113还受到来自基站 111的强干扰（下行）。 由于基站天线一般架设得比较 高， 发射功率也比用户终端大得多， 故在上述干扰出现的时间内， 基站根本 无法正确接收来自终端的信号， 使在被干扰的时隙内无法正常通信。 然而在多载波的 TDD基站中， 使用智能天线技术， 如果还能采用让每个 载波使用不同的上下行转换时间， 并且可以通过无线资源控制技术解决上述 多个小区、 多个基站的多个载波使用不同的上下行转换时间时的互相干扰问 题， 则可提高系统灵活性。
但根据图 2所示，现有的 TDD基站设计是不可能如此工作的。因为每套 射频收发信机都同时支持多载波， 每套射频收发信机使用共同的开关或者环 行器 221、 222 22η来进行上下行转换并使用共同的天线和馈线系统。
如第三代移动通信系统标准之一的 TD-SCDMA系统中， 其明显的技术 优势是支持不对称业务。 但在现有多载波基站中， 由于多个载波使用同一收 发信机， 其上下行转换必然同时进行， 再者如果在规划区域内的相邻小区使 用相同载波频率 （CDMA 系统的基本要求）， 则相邻小区为了最大限度避免 干扰， 通常要求帧同步以及采用相同比例的上下行时隙配置， 使系统支持非 对称上下行业务的灵活性受到限制。
发明内容
本发明的目的是设计一种多载波时分双工移动通信系统灵活支持非对称 业务的方法， 使各基站或者说各小区， 各基站在不同工作载波上以及相邻小 区可以使用不同的上下行转换点， 或者支持上下行转换点不同的不对称业务 的方法， 包括在同一基站的不同载波上或不同基站的相同或不相同载波上， 均可使用不同的上下行转换点。
实现本发明目的的技术方案是： 一种多载波时分双工移动通信系统灵活 支持非对称业务的方法， 在相邻的不同小区的多个载频之间和同小区的多个 载频上， 支持不同上下行时隙转换点的非对称业务， 其特征在于包括-
A. 在初始配置的某载频的上下行业务时隙比例不能支持请求的非对称 业务所要求的上下行业务时隙比例时， 判断是否可以通过改变一载频的上下 行业务时隙比例来接纳此请求， 包括-
A1. 从该请求发出的小区中选择一个当前有剩余资源的载频；
A2. 通过分析确定在改变该载频的上下行时隙配置时， 会被干扰的该小 区中工作在其他载频上的业务及该小区的相邻小区中会被干扰的工作在所有 载频上的业务； A3. 利用快速动态信道分配技术将上述会被干扰的业务调整到该会被干 扰业务的工作载频或者其他载频的其他非干扰时隙上来规避干扰；
B. 在步骤 A1至 A3的执行均满足要求时， 改变该载频的上下行业务时 隙比例接纳所述的请求并执行步骤 C， 否则拒绝该请求；
C. 在由独立的接收天线、馈电电缆、收信机连接组成的上行链路中接收 上行射频信号， 和在由独立的发信机、 馈电电缆、 发射天线连接组成的下行 链路中发送下行射频信号；
D. 在请求的业务结束时， 将该载频的上下行业务时隙比例改变为初始 配置的上下行业务时隙比例。
所述步骤 A中， 所述的初始配置的上下行业务时隙比例不能支持请求的 非对称业务所要求的上下行业务时隙比例， 包括： 在请求的非对称业务要求 的数据传输速率超过初始配置的上行或下行方向可能传输的最大速率时； 或 者， 按初始配置承担业务后所剩余的资源已不够承担该请求的业务时。
所述步骤 A2 中的分析确定， 是考察在该请求用户的赋形波束方向上， 在比初始分配时隙多的时隙内是否有所述的其他载频和所述的相邻小区正在 此赋形波束方向接收来自用户终端的信号； 或者说在比初始分配时隙少的时 隙内是否有所述的其他载频和所述的相邻小区正向此赋形波束方向向用户终 端发射信号。
所述的考察进一步包括： 由无线网络控制器根据所述请求用户的来波方 向以及赋形波束宽度， 通过查询系统工作状态数据库、 对无线资源进行管理 实现的， 该数据库实时记录并更新无线网络控制器管理范围内每个工作终端 的状态， 包括所分配的含有载波频率、 时隙及码道的无线资源， 承载的业务， 根据通信标准进行常规测量的数据以及终端所在的位置信息， 该位置信息包 括工作终端与基站间的距离及相对方位， 和管理范围内所有小区天线的相互 位置及每小区天线赋形波束宽度的数据。
所述步骤 A3，也是由无线网络控制器根据所述请求用户的来波方向以及 赋形波束宽度， 通过查询系统工作状态数据库、 对无线资源进行管理来判断 可以用快速动态信道分配技术来克服所述的干扰。
本发明提出在多载波的时分双工移动通信系统中， 不同载波以及不同基 站之间使用不同上下行转换点、 支持上下行占用不同比例资源的非对称业务 的设计方法。
本发明以 TD-SCDMA系统为例，公开了在采用智能天线的 TDD系统中， 通过在无线网络控制器 （R C) 中建立一个系统工作状态数据库， 该数据库 中记录了所有正在工作的终端的数据， 无线网络控制器在需要调整现有时隙 分配比例以接收用户的非对称业务时， 通过分析智能天线赋形波束的指向， 利用数据库中的数据， 确定在改变上下行转换点时可能受干扰的小区、 载频 及时隙， 然后就可以使用快速动态信道分配 （DCA) 技术来避开使用不同上 下行转换点时的干扰。
本发明提出在时分双工移动通信系统中， 基站使用多载波， 在相邻的不 同小区之间或者同小区的不同载频上， 可以使用不同的上下行转换点， 以灵 活支持不对称业务。 基站设备采用波束赋形天线， 可以动态跟踪用户终端的 位置信息， 进而无线网络控制器可以根据用户终端的位置信息以及赋形波束 宽度等信息对使用不同上下行转换点时可能出现的干扰情况进行分析。 在灵 活支持各种非对称业务时，根据上述分析结果，可以采用快速 DCA技术避开 干扰， 即将受干扰用户业务调整到其工作载频的其他时隙或者其他载频上的 非干扰时隙上， 以提高系统使用效率和容量。
为支持上述灵活配置方式，多载波 TDD基站的收信和发信必须分别使用 有足够隔离的天线和馈线系统， 以及有足够隔离的独立控制的射频收信机和 射频发信机。
本发明方法中， 公开了一种时分双工多载波移动通信系统支持不同比例 非对称业务的一种设计方法。此方法的核心技术是根据系统的相关测量信息， 利用先进的无线资源管理控制以及智能天线波束赋形方法， 在充分分析干扰 的基础上进而规避干扰， 从而实现基站的多个载波以及相邻小区的多个载波 可以灵活配置上下行转换点， 进而灵活支持不同比例的非对称业务， 既规避 了载波间的相互干扰， 又提高了系统资源分配的效率， 充分体现了 TDD系统 支持非对称业务的特点。
采用本发明方法的多载波 TD-SCDMA系统与目前标准的 TD-SCDMA系 统相比， 可大大降低系统内干扰， 解决 TDD蜂窝移动通信系统中， 同一小区 中及邻近小区间采用不同上下行转换时间以灵活支持不对称业务的问题， 提 高了系统使用效率和容量， 又不增加额外的成本和复杂度。
附图说明
图 1是目前 3GPP标准 TDD系统多载波基站工作状态示意图；
图 2是目前 TDD系统基站的典型结构示意框图；
图 3是 3GPP标准的 TDD系统多载波基站上下行同时转换情况下的正常 工作状态与上下行不同时转换情况下的无法正常工作的状态示意图；
图 4是支持本发明方法的多载波 TD-SCDMA系统的基站结构示意图； 图 5是具有智能天线的时分双工系统干扰方向示意图；
图 6是 TD-SCDMA上下行时隙初始配置及其调整配置方案示意图， 包 括 6-A和 6-B;
图 7是不同基站不同载波釆用不同上下行转换点时通过无线资源控制来 避免干扰的流程框图。
具体实施方式
本发明以 TD-SCDMA系统为例， 说明了在时分双工系统多载波基站工 作时， 利用不同载波、 不同上下行转换点来支持非对称业务， 既避免相互干 扰， 又尽可能提高系统效率的资源分配方法。
本发明方法的核心是在多载波时分双工移动通信系统中， 让多个载波中 的某个载波的上下行转换时间与其它载波的上下行转换时间可以不相同。
多载波时分双工移动通信系统， 将一个具有多个载波、 相同或者接近相 同覆盖区域的扇区看作一个小区。 在此小区中， 将选一个载波作为主载波， 将所有公共信道， 如下行导引时隙 DwPTS、 广播信道 BCH、 寻呼信道 PCH、 前向接入信道 FACH及上行随机接入信道 RACH等， 均安排在主载波上。 主 载波剩余的资源 （时隙及码道） 和其它载波的所有资源 （时隙及码道） 均作 为传输业务使用。
不同载波的上下行转换时间将根据非对称业务的需要确定。
为了实现不同载波使用不同上下行转换时间， 以支持不同比例的不对称 业务， 需要对现有基站进行改造， 图 4中示出本发明基站的基本结构。
接收天线阵由天线单元 501、 502, ... , 50η组成， 它们分别通过接收馈 N2005/001465 线 511、 512、 ...、 51n连接至收信机 531、 532 53η; 发射天线阵由天 线单元 551、 552, ...， 55η组成， 它们分别通过发射馈线 561、 562、 ...、 56η 连接至发信机 541、 542、 ...、 54η。 图中 571 是基带信号处理单元。 该结构 与传统 TDD基站（见图 2)的基本结构相比较,其差别在于无需使用射频开关 或者环行器， 接收和发射使用各自的天线和馈线， 并分别连接至收信机和发 信机。
TDD系统在每一载波上使用完全相同的频率进行接收和发射。在工程实 际中， 多个载波是工作在相邻的载波频率上， 而且， 当每个载波的上下行转 换时间不同时， 必须避免本基站内相邻载波之间的干扰， 在基站设备内， 发 信机对收信机的泄漏必须非常低，或者，它们之间的隔离至少要在 60dB以上 (如 60至 80dB之间）。此外接收天线和发射天线之间的隔离也应当足够高 (例 如 60dB以上）。 对后者， 应当通过天线 （阵） 设计和工程安装来实现。
参见图 5， 图中示意出具有智能天线的时分双工系统在上下行不同时转 换情况下的干扰情况。
TD-SCDMA系统的基站使用了智能天线，使用赋形波束对业务数据进行 接收和发射， 在此赋形波束外的信号能量密度将比波束内的低 10 倍至数十 倍。
如图 5中的一个具有智能天线的 TDD蜂窝移动通信网络， 由 n个基站 组成， 基站均使用 3扇区覆盖天线， 即每个基站可视为覆盖三个小区。 如图 中所示的基站 304覆盖三个小区 I、 II、 III，基站 305覆盖三个小区 、 ΙΓ、 111'， 当基站 304和其第 II扇区内的终端 311通信时， 此基站 304的收发赋形 波束可以是 321， 其主瓣波束宽度大约只有 15ο左右。 由于基站天线一般架 设得比较高， 而且天线增益也比较高， 故， 在此波束 321指向内的邻近基站 305 的小区 I , 以及本小区 II内， 工作在与该波束 321指向相同方向的载频 将可能受到干扰， 而除上述以外其它载频和小区受干扰的可能性则非常小。 而且， 这些可能受干扰的小区或载频也只有当它们的赋形波束， 如 322， 指 向该赋形波束 321且在发生时隙重叠 （见图 3 ) 时才受到干扰。 当它们的赋 形波束指向其它方向， 如 323时， 则干扰非常小， 几乎不会影响通信。
当用户终端 311移动时， 此赋形波束 321将跟着终端改变方向， 此时可 5 001465 能受到干扰的基站 （或小区） 也会随之变化。 所以， 需要在无线网络控制器
(RNC) 侧设置一个系统工作状态数据库， 实时记录所管理范围内每个工作 终端的状态，包括所分配的无线资源（载波频率、时隙及码道)、承载的业务、 根据通信标准规定需要常规测量的数据以及终端所在的位置 （相对基站的距 离及方位， 或者其信号到达基站的来波方向） 等等。
为了避免基站之间的干扰， 无线网络控制器 （RNC) 还必须在上述数据 库中随时记录并更新管理范围内所有小区天线的相互位置及每小区天线赋形 波束宽度的数据， 并将这些数据作为无线资源管理 （RRM) 的重要依据。
下面结合图 5 以 TD-SCDMA多载波系统对非对称业务灵活支持的实现 为例说明。
首先， 在建网时， 根据上下行的业务量统计， 设置上下行时隙分配方案。 基站 304的扇区 II， 使用载频 f0， fl , Ϊ2, 相邻基站 305的扇区 Γ同样使用载 频 f0，fl，f2。扇区 II和扇区 Γ载频 f0， fl， f2初始时隙配置情况如图 6-A所示，. 在转换点 2前后各配置 3个上行时隙和 3个下行时隙。 当终端用户 311在基 站 304的扇区 II发起呼叫， 申请高速下载业务， 且需要 4个下行时隙支持时， 按照目前的时隙配置方案， 任何一个载波都无法支持这个用户的请求， 如果 没有本发明方法的支持， 则会拒绝该用户的接入请求。 但若采用本发明的方 法， 则可以通过改变时隙配置方式来支持该用户请求。
其支持该用户请求的具体过程是： 选择负荷较少的载频， 假设载频 fl 目 前没有负荷 （或负荷很少）， 则选定 f
由于下行资源受限， 而上行方向却有剩余资源， 可以通过改变上下行时 隙配置来支持用户请求，即可以将 fl时隙配置改变为图 6-B所示的配置方式； 接着进一步判断，如果改变 fl的上下行时隙配置，对本小区其它载频 ίΌ, 以及波束赋形指向内相邻小区所有载频的影响， 例如对基站 305的扇区 I ' 的 f0， fl , f2的影响。 由于基站釆用了智能天线对波束赋形， 因此对用户 311 的来波方向可以确定为 321， 此时仅在该波束赋形方向 321会对其他用户造 成干扰。 根据前面干扰分析部分的说明可以知道， 在对用户 311波束赋形方 向 321内， 本小区载频 fO, f2以及基站 305的扇区 I ' 的 fD， fl , f2仅在图 6-B 中转换点 2前的一个上行时隙中 （上下行重叠时隙内） 工作的用户会受 P T/CN2005/001465 到干扰。 RNC作为无线资源管理控制的中心， 其记录有当前无线资源使用的 情况， 通过查询资料库， 可以得到在可能被干扰的波束赋形方向和时隙中的 用户情况。 例如在该时隙， 305的扇区 I '， 载频 fl 上有用户在 322方向发 送上行信息， 则会被 321的强下行信号干扰；
在确定存在干扰后，就可以采用快速 DCA技术将 322方向的用户调整到 载频 fl的其他上行时隙或者其他载频 f0、 f 的上行非干扰时隙（即载频 fD、 fl、 f2的其他上行时隙）， 以规避干扰；
如果可以成功规避干扰， 则可以改变基站 304的扇区 II、 fl的时隙配置 如图 6-B所示， 以支持用户 311的高速下载业务请求。
当用户业务结束后， 则恢复原有的配置方式如图 6-A所示。
由于干扰仅在特定空间方向以及有限时间的范围出现，因此采用 DCA规 避干扰不成功的概率应该是较小的，但如果 DCA无法成功进行调整， 则拒绝 用户 311 的高速下载业务请求。 由此可见， 采用本发明的方法， 可以有效提 高资源利用效率， 实现对非对称业务的灵活支持。
参见图 7， 是改变上下行配置、 为避免干扰的无线资源管理流程。
步骤 700， 初始上下行业务时隙比例分配。 系统在配置无线资源时， 通 常根据上下行业务量的统计结果， 初步确定一个上下行业务时隙比例， 并根 据此比例来初步分配所有小区的上下行业务时隙。
步骤 710， 有业务需求要改变上下行转换点。 当有一个呼叫请求所提出 的业务要求是原上下行业务时隙分配可以支持的时候， 则用常规方法分配无 线资源， 即使用相同的上下行转换点。 但当所提出的业务要求是原上下行业 务时隙分配不可以支持时， 则将判断是否可以通过改变上下行业务时隙比例 来接纳此业务。 上述原上下行业务时隙分配不支持新的请求， 有两种情况： 一种情况是此业务要求的数据传输速率超过该方向 （指上行或下行方向） 可 能传输的最大速率； 另一种情况是按照原上下行业务时隙分配已经承担的业 务， 所剩余的资源已不够再承担该业务了。
步骤 720， 判断有无资源。 如果该小区的某一载频可以通过改变其业务 时隙比例配置， 即改变其上下行时隙配置来支持该业务时， 换句话说是在另 一传输方向 （上行或下行） 还有足够的资源用来传输此方向 （下行或上行） N2005/001465 的业务， 则开始进行改变上下行时隙比例的流程， 执行步骤 730， 否则， 在 资源条件已不可能改变其业务时隙比例时，将拒绝此业务请求，执行步骤 790。
例如， 用户需要高速下载服务， 而当前上下行时隙比例配置已无法支持， 即用户要求的下行数据传输速率已超过了下行时隙可以支持的最大传输速 率， 或者当前所剩余的下行资源已不够支持用户要求时， 可以判断上行时隙 是否还有剩余资源， 来确定是否可以通过调整其上下行时隙转换点支持该业 务， 如果其上行时隙还有剩余资源且可以支持用户需求， 则可以进入下一步 的干扰分析， 否则拒绝用户需求。
步骤 730， 分析在调整其上下行时隙转换点时可能导致的干扰。 即分析 对此呼叫请求所发生小区的选定的一个载频（其具有足够的资源）， 当改变其 上下行转换点时对该小区其它载频以及对用户方向上邻近小区所有载频的干 扰 （或者说分析该小区的其它载频和邻近小区所有载频对该小区该载频的干 扰)。
其分析原则是考察在此用户方向， 即在该用户的赋形波束方向上， 在比 原分配的上行或下行时隙多的上行或下行时隙内是否有邻近小区的载频正在 此赋形波束方向接收来自终端的信号， 有则存在干扰； 或者说在比原分配的 上行或下行时隙少的上行或下行时隙内是否有邻近小区的载频正向此赋形波 束方向向终端发射信号， 有则存在干扰。
上述分析的具体实现， 可以通过 RNC对无线资源的管理完成。 RNC作 为无线资源控制管理的实体， 由于其内部设立了系统工作状态数据库， 实时 记录了管理范围内每个工作终端的状态， 包括所分配的无线资源（载波频率、 时隙及码道）、承载的业务、根据通信标准进行常规测量的数据以及终端所在 的位置 （与基站间的距离及相对方位， 或者终端信号到达基站的来波方向） 等。 同时， 为了避免基站之间的干扰， 无线网络控制器还记录并更新管理范 围内所有小区天线的相互位置及每小区天线赋形波束宽度的数据。 网络端 RNC可以根据呼叫请求用户的来波方向， 查询相关数据库， 判断本小区其他 载频以及邻近小区所有载频在该呼叫请求用户的赋形波束方向上是否有干扰 存在， 并且还可以判断是否可以用快速动态信道分配 （DCA) 技术来克服这 些干扰。 05 001465 步骤 740， 判断能否克服干扰。 这里的干扰是指： 如果在某个可能的载 频上接入新的请求， 将引起的对同小区其它载频的干扰， 以及对该用户方向 相邻小区的所有载频的干扰。 如果在所有可能的载频上都存在干扰而且无法 通过快速 DCA方式消除干扰， 则拒绝此业务请求， 执行步骤 790， 如果在所 有可能的载频上都不存在干扰，或者在任何载波频率上都可以通过 DCA技术 避开干扰， 则执行步骤 750。
步骤 750, 改变此载频的上下行业务时隙比例配置以支持其高速下载业 务请求， 并立即更新 RNC的数据库。
步骤 760， 分析和调整相应受干扰小区的资源分配， 直至通信过程结束。 由于在移动通信系统中， 终端可能在不停地移动着， 故在上下行时隙比例不 同的小区之间， 此干扰也是变化的。 因而， 在整个通信过程中， 要随时分析 干扰的变化， 并尽可能用快速 DCA技术来避开干扰， 直至通信过程结束。
步骤 770， 当通信结束后， 立即恢复该业务原有的、 初始分配的上下行 业务时隙比例。
本发明在采用智能天线的时分双工移动通信系统中，通过在 R C中建立 数据库， 记录并更新所有正在工作的终端的信息， 在分配与维护上下行比例 不同的不对称业务时， 通过分析智能天线的赋形波束指向， 及利用数据库信 息来确定可能受干扰的小区、 载波及时隙， 再使用快速动态信道分配技术避 开干扰， 从而使不周载频及不同小区之间可使用不同的上下行转换点。
根据智能天线技术确定赋形波束方向、 无线网络控制器利用数据库信息 统计用户资源使用情况以及动态信道分配都是现有的带有智能天线的 TDD 移动通信系统中已经使用的技术， 本发明的技术方案则利用智能天线得到的 信息进行干扰分析并进而进行规避。
本发明的基站设备， 为了支持上述不同载频及不同小区之间可使用不同 上下行转换点的技术， 还必须使收信与发信分别使用有足够隔离的各自的天 线及馈线， 且收信机与发信机能被独立控制并有足够隔离。
由于不同载频及不同小区之间可使用不同的上下行转换点， 从而可灵活 支持上下行不对称业务， 扩大系统容量。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种多载波时分双工移动通信系统灵活支持非对称业务的方法， 在相 邻的不同小区的多个载频之间和同小区的多个载频上， 支持不同上下行时隙 转换点的非对称业务， 其特征在于包括：
A. 在初始配置的某载频的上下行业务时隙比例不能支持请求的非对称 业务所要求的上下行业务时隙比例时， 判断是否可以通过改变一载频的上下 行业务时隙比例来接纳此请求；
B.可以通过改变一载频的上下行业务时隙比例来接纳此请求时，改变该 载频的上下行业务时隙比例接纳所述的请求并执行步骤 C， 否则拒绝该请求;
C. 在由独立的接收天线、馈电电缆、收信机连接组成的上行链路中接收 上行射频信号， 和在由独立的发信机、 馈电电缆、 发射天线连接组成的下行 链路中发送下行射频信号；
D. 在请求的业务结束时， 将该载频的上下行业务时隙比例改变为初始 配置的上下行业务时隙比例。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于： 所述步骤 A中， 所述的初 始配置的上下行业务时隙比例不能支持请求的非对称业务所要求的上下行业 务时隙比例， 包括： 在请求的非对称业务要求的数据传输速率超过初始配置 的上行或下行方向可能传输的最大速率时； 或者， 按初始配置承担业务后所 剩余的资源已不够承担该请求的业务时。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于： 所述步骤 A中,判断是否可 以通过改变一载频的上下行业务时隙比例来接纳此请求， 包括：
A1. 从该请求发出的小区中选择到一个当前有剩余资源的载频；
A2. 通过分析确定在改变该载频的上下行时隙配置时， 会被干扰的该小 区中工作在其他载频上的业务及该小区的相邻小区中会被干扰的工作在所有 载频上的业务；
A3. 利用快速动态信道分配技术将上述会被干扰的业务调整到该会被干 扰业务的工作载频或者其他载频的其他非干扰时隙上来规避干扰；
A4.判断步骤 A1至 A3的执行是否均能满足要求，均能满足要求时判断为 可以通过改变一载频的上下行业务时隙比例来接纳此请求。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的方法， 其特征在于： 所述步骤 A2中的分析确定， 是考察在该请求用户的赋形波束方向上， 在比初始分配时隙多的时隙内是否 有所述的其他载频和所述的相邻小区正在此赋形波束方向接收来自用户终端 的信号； 或者说在比初始分配时隙少的时隙内是否有所述的其他载频和所述 的相邻小区正向此赋形波束方向向用户终端发射信号。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的方法， 其特征在于： 所述的考察进一步包括： 由无线网络控制器根据所述请求用户的来波方向以及赋形波束宽度， 通过查 询系统工作状态数据库、 对无线资源进行管理实现的， 该数据库实时记录并 更新无线网络控制器管理范围内每个工作终端的状态， 包括所分配的含有载 波频率、 时隙及码道的无线资源， 承载的业务， 根据通信标准进行常规测量 的数据以及终端所在的位置信息， 该位置信息包括工作终端与基站间的距离 及相对方位， 和管理范围内所有小区天线的相互位置及每小区天线赋形波束 宽度的数据。
6. 根据权利要求 3所述的方法， 其特征在于： 所述步骤 A3， 是由无线网 络控制器根据所述请求用户的来波方向以及赋形波束宽度， 通过查询系统工 作状态数据库、 对无线资源进行管理来判断可以用快速动态信道分配技术来 克服所述的干扰， 该数据库实时记录并更新无线网络控制器管理范围内每个 工作终端的状态， 包括所分配的含有载波频率、 时隙及码道的无线资源， 承 载业务， 根据通信标准进行常规测量的数据以及终端所在的位置信息， 该位 置信息包括工作终端与基站间的距离及相对方位， 和管理范围内所有小区天 线的相互位置及每小区天线赋形波束宽度的数据。
7. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于： 所述步骤3、 D中， 在改变 上下行业务时隙比例的同时， 对无线网络控制器中系统工作状态数据库中的 该项信息数据进行更新。
8. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于： 所述步骤 C中， 对所述上行 链路与所述下行链路间进行隔离控制，使所述发送对所述接收的泄漏尽量低; 并独立控制所述的收信机和发信机。
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US8077640B2 (en) 2011-12-13
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