WO2006028234A1

WO2006028234A1 - Motor and devive using this

Info

Publication number: WO2006028234A1
Application number: PCT/JP2005/016685
Authority: WO
Inventors: Yasuo Mizushima
Original assignee: Venera Laboratory Co., Ltd
Priority date: 2004-09-08
Filing date: 2005-09-05
Publication date: 2006-03-16
Also published as: JPWO2006028234A1; TW200616309A

Abstract

A motor comprising an annular magnetic path armature (24) having coils (1a-1c) that are wound in the same direction around an armature iron core forming an annular magnetic path, are high in direct-current resistance, and are connected in series, and coils (2a-2c) that are wound in the same direction, are lower in direct-current resistance and smaller in the number of windings than the coils (1a-1c), form magnetic domains of the same length, and connected in series or in parallel, the coils (1a-1c) and the coils (2a-2c) being disposed alternately, and a permanent magnet rotor (21) provided thereon with permanent magnets (22), having the samenumber of magnetic domains and unlike magnetic poles, disposed at an equal interval and alternately in the peripheral direction of the vicinity of the inner periphery of the annular magnetic path armature (24), wherein power rectified and commutated to the series-connected coils (1a-1c) via a commutator (26) is input to between terminals (12, 13), and a load is connected between terminals (12, 11) to which parallel-connected coils (2a, -2c) and coils (1a-1c) are series-connected.

Description

Moyu and equipment using the same

Light

Technical field

The present invention relates to a motor including an armature and a permanent magnet rotor, which can efficiently perform a rotational drive of a motor, and an apparatus using the motor. Background art

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a typical permanent magnet type DC motor as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-1-2679 as a conventionally known DC motor. As shown in FIG. 1, the coil A is wound around most of the gears B 1, B 2, B 3, B 4 extending radially inward from the annular stator C. Coil A is connected to power source S. The current supplied from the power source S generates a magnetic field through each gear B 1 _B 4. The rectifier (commutator) D is electrically connected to the power source S and the coil A, and alternately supplies the DC current supplied from the coil power source. Coil A is wound directly around gears B 1 – B 4 alternately so that the polarity of the magnetic field is in the opposite direction to the vicinity of the gear. In each of gears B 1 — B 4, the magnetic field attracts or bends alternately with each of the majority of permanent magnets E l, E 2, E 3, E 4 on rotor F to rotate the rotor. ing. The rotor F is connected to a wing (not shown) for rotating the wing.

In such a scenario, the current supplied to coil A is typically First. The power applied to the coil A by the power source S is consumed while passing the torque. For example, a large current passing through the coil A causes a large current to flow through the armature at the initial operation when the load torque is large, and if the load torque decreases as the rotation increases, the current flow to the armature decreases. If the rotational force increases or the load torque decreases, the current flow through coil A decreases as well. As with the gear-like torque produced, the use of gears B1-B4 in the motor results in rotational resistance, uneven rotation and other consumption. Thus, these permanent magnet type DC motors were used as motors and generators, and electric power required gear-like torque to rotate the rotor. In other words, the conventional permanent magnet type DC motor supplies current to the armature according to the magnitude of the load torque, and the power applied to this armature is used for torque consumption.

In the permanent magnet type DC motor described above, all the electric power supplied to the coil was used for the generated torque. The power supplied to the coil is not believed to be output from the outside to drive an external load, such as a rotating device. In addition, a back electromotive force is generated in the rotor blade as a result of the change in magnetic flow as the permanent magnet rotates. Following the main rotation of the rotor, it is necessary to supply enough current to the coil to overcome this counter electromotive force. The counter electromotive force in the coil wings due to the rotation of the permanent magnet is remarkably large in the gears in the motor that generate counter-torque that interferes with rotation, and most of the current is consumed for the generation of the counter electromotive force. ing.

These contribute to the development of motors and generators to reduce high energy efficiency, low energy requirements and costs, and environmental effects.

A conventional permanent magnet type DC motor is wound with a slot provided in an armature core. Cogging is caused by the magnetic action between the slot and the permanent magnet on the rotor. Torque is generated, and this cogging torque causes losses such as rotation resistance and rotation unevenness. Similarly, when this permanent magnet type DC motor is used as a generator, this cogging torque is a large load required for the rotation of the rotor.

(Patent Document 1) Disclosure of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 8- 1 2 6 2 7 9

(Problems to be solved by the invention)

By the way, all the electric power applied to the armature in the above-described permanent magnet DC motor is merely torque consumed as described above, and the electric power applied to the armature cannot be taken out to the outside. As the permanent magnet rotates, a counter electromotive force is generated in the armature winding due to a change in magnetic flux. To maintain the rotation of the rotor, it is necessary to add power that overcomes the counter electromotive force. In particular, in a slot-structure motor, in order to maximize the counter electromotive force of the winding due to the rotation of the permanent magnet, it is necessary to generate a reverse torque against the rotation and consume a large amount of power to overcome this counter electromotive force. Therefore, the conventional permanent magnet type DC motor has a problem that it cannot effectively use the power applied to the armature.

On the other hand, in order to solve recent environmental problems, there is a strong demand for the development of totally energy efficient devices and systems.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and can rotate or move the motor with almost no power consumption of the motor itself, and can output the electric power applied to the motor to an external output or The object is to provide a motor that can be consumed internally and a device using the motor. (Means for solving problems)

In order to solve the above-described object, a motor according to claim 1 includes an armature core that forms an annular magnetic path, and a plurality of series-connected high-resistance DC resistors wound around the armature core in the same direction. The first coil and the armature core are wound in the same direction as the first coil, and the DC resistance is lower and the number of turns is smaller than that of the first coil to form a magnetic domain having the same length. A plurality of second coils connected in parallel, wherein each first coil and each second coil are arranged alternately, and AC power is supplied to the first coil group connected in series The coil group is wound around the armature core, a power source, a load connected to the coil group in which the second coil group and the first coil group connected in series or in parallel are connected in series The coil group is formed in the circumferential direction near the inner circumference of the annular magnetic path armature. And a disk-shaped permanent magnet rotor in which permanent magnets having the same number of magnetic domains and different magnetic poles are alternately arranged at equal intervals and inscribed in the annular magnetic path armature.

According to the invention of claim 1, since the slot is not formed in the annular magnetic armature, it is possible to realize an efficient motor without cogging torque, and the first coil and the second coil. Since the counter electromotive force generated in the step 1 is canceled out, an efficient motor that hardly generates reverse torque can be realized. Furthermore, since the annular magnetic circuit armature functions as a transformer between the power source and the load, there is almost no power consumption by the annular magnetic circuit itself, depending on the level generated by the annular magnetic circuit armature. In addition to rotating the permanent magnet rotor, it can also transfer power from the power source to the load.

The motor according to the invention of claim 2 is characterized in that, in the above invention, the yoke is fixed to a shaft of the permanent magnet rotor and disposed at a position facing the permanent magnet side of the permanent magnet rotor, and the permanent magnet rotor. A polygonal air-core coil disposed between the magnet rotor and the yoke; It is prepared for.

According to the invention of claim 2, rotational energy can be output to the outside by disposing a polygonal air-core coil between the permanent magnet rotor and the yoke.

The motor according to the invention of claim 3 comprises the commutator synchronized with the rotation of the permanent magnet rotor, and a direct current power source that supplies direct current power instead of the power source. The child is characterized in that DC power supplied from the a-flow power source is rectified and commutated and input to the annular magnetic circuit armature.

According to the invention of claim 3, a DC motor using a DC power supply can be realized.

The motor according to the invention of claim 4 is characterized in that, in the above invention, the load is a rectifier circuit, and supplies the rectified power output from the rectifier circuit to the DC power supply.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, by providing a rectifier circuit as a load and supplying the rectified power to the power supply side, an energy-saving and efficient motor can be realized.

The motor according to the invention of claim 5 controls the rotational speed and direction of rotation of the permanent magnet rotor by shifting the relative positional relationship between the annular magnetic circuit armature and the commutator in the invention described above. It is characterized by that.

According to the invention of claim 5, the rotational speed and direction of the permanent magnet rotor are controlled by shifting the relative positional relationship between the annular magnetic path armature and the commutator, and the motor is configured with a simple configuration. Can be freely controlled. The motor according to the invention of claim 6 is characterized in that, in the above invention, the output of the air-core coil is input to the annular magnetic circuit armature.

According to the invention of claim 6, the output of the air-core coil is input to the annular magnetic path armature to compensate for losses such as copper loss and iron loss that occur in the annular magnetic path armature and the commutator. An efficient motor can be realized.

The motor according to the invention of claim 7 is the motor according to the above invention, wherein the armature core forming an annular magnetic path and a plurality of the armature core wound in the same direction and connected in series with high DC resistance. The first coil and the armature core are wound in the same direction as the first coil, and form a magnetic domain of the same length with a lower DC resistance and a smaller number of turns than the first coil. A plurality of second coils connected or connected in parallel; a coil group in which the first coils and the second coils are alternately arranged; and the second coil group connected in series or in parallel. A load connected to the coil group connected in series with the first coil group, and a circumferential direction in the vicinity of an inner periphery of an annular magnetic path armature in which the coil group is wound around the armature core. Permanent magnets with the same number of magnetic domains and different magnetic poles Disk-shaped permanent magnet rotors that are alternately disposed and inscribed in the annular magnetic path armature; fixed to the shaft of the permanent magnet rotor; and at a position facing the permanent magnet side of the permanent magnet rotor A yoke disposed, and a polygonal air core coil disposed between the permanent magnet rotor and the yoke, and an output of the air core coil is input to the annular magnetic circuit armature, The rotational force of the permanent magnet rotor is assisted.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the output of the air-core coil is input to the annular magnetic path armature, and the rotational force of the permanent magnet rotor is assisted so that the external rotational force applied to the permanent magnet rotor is reduced. A motor for power generation with reduced rotational load can be realized. The motor according to the invention of claim 8 is characterized in that, in the above invention, all or part of the output of the air-core coil is externally output.

According to the invention of claim 8, since all or a part of the output of the air-core coil is output to the outside, it is possible to realize an efficient mode with an external power generation output function. .

In addition, in the above invention, the motor according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is arranged to face each other around the axis of the permanent magnet rotor. The winding direction of the coil group of the annular magnetic path armature of one motor is reversed with respect to the winding direction of the annular magnetic path armature of the other motor, and the output of one motor is input to the other motor. It is characterized by serial connection.

According to the ninth aspect of the invention, the motor is configured in multiple stages around the axis of the permanent magnet rotor, and the chained output is electrically connected in series so that one motor is driven. Rotational torque can be increased using the same power that is sometimes transferred. The motor according to the invention of claim 10 is the motor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the motor according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is configured in multiple stages around the axis of the permanent magnet rotor. It is characterized by the serial connection in which the overnight output is sequentially input to the next stage.

According to the invention of claim 10, the motor is configured in multiple stages around the axis of the permanent magnet rotor, and the chained output is electrically connected in series so that one motor is driven. Rotational torque can be increased using the same power that is sometimes transferred. Further, the mobile according to the invention of claim 11 is characterized in that, in the above invention, one or more of the motors according to any one of claims 1 to 10 are incorporated in a rotating body. According to the invention of claim 11, driving of the vehicle can be assisted by incorporating at least one of the features described in any of claims 1 to 10 into the rotating body, and Electricity feedback can be performed efficiently, and an energy-saving vehicle can be realized.

A motor according to the invention of claim 12 is characterized in that, in the above invention, one or more of the motors according to any one of claims 7 to 10 are incorporated in a rotating body. According to the invention of claim 12, since at least one of the motors according to claims 7 to 10 is incorporated in the rotating body so as to assist the rotational drive, efficient power generation Machine can be realized.

The motor according to the invention of claim 13 is the motor according to the invention described above, wherein the armature core that forms a linear magnetic path is wound around the armature core, and the plurality of the series connected in series with high DC resistance. A plurality of second coils wound around the first coil and the armature core, having a DC resistance lower than that of the first coil and having a smaller number of turns to form a magnetic domain of the same length and connected in series or in parallel. A coil group in which each first coil and each second coil are alternately arranged, a power source for supplying AC power to the first coil group connected in series, and a series or parallel connection A load connected to the coil group in which the second coil group and the first coil group are connected in series; provided in the vicinity of the coil group; and the same as the magnetic domain along a longitudinal direction of the armature core A permanent magnet having a length of It is a sign.

According to the invention of claim 13, since the armature functions as a transformer between the power source and the load, there is almost no power consumption by the armature itself, and it becomes permanent by the next time generated by this armature. In addition to realizing a linear motor that moves magnets, it can also transfer power from the power supply to the load. The motor according to the invention of claim 14 is the above-described invention, wherein the armature core forming an annular or linear magnetic path is wound around the armature core in the same direction and connected in series or in parallel. A plurality of the first coils and the armature core are wound in the same direction as the first coil, and form a magnetic domain having the same number of turns as the first coil in series connection or in parallel. A plurality of second coils connected to each other, and each first coil and each second coil having the same resistance value, and the first coil group connected in series or in parallel. A power source for supplying AC power to the coil group, a load connected to the coil group in which the second coil group and the first coil group connected in series or in parallel are connected in series or in parallel, and An annular magnetic path in which the coil group is wound around an armature core In the circumferential direction in the vicinity of the inner circumference of the armature, the same number of permanent magnets as the magnetic domains formed by the coil group and different magnetic poles are alternately arranged at equal intervals, and the shape of the disk is inscribed in the annular magnetic path armature. And a permanent magnet rotor.

The motor according to the invention of claim 15 is the above invention, wherein the armature core forming an annular or linear magnetic path is wound around the armature core and connected in series or in parallel. A plurality of first coils and a plurality of second coils wound around the armature core, forming a magnetic domain having the same number of turns as the first coil and connected in series or in parallel. A coil group in which each first coil and each second coil are alternately arranged while having the same resistance value; and a power source for supplying AC power to the first coil group connected in series or in parallel. A load connected to the coil group in which the second coil group and the first coil group connected in series or in parallel are connected in series or in parallel; and provided in the vicinity of the coil group; The same length as the magnetic domain along the longitudinal direction of the core And a permanent magnet that is characterized in that example Bei the. Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 is a basic circuit diagram showing a prior art annular DC motor.

FIG. 2 is a basic circuit diagram showing a winding structure of an armature used in the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state of current flowing in the winding shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a basic circuit diagram showing a schematic configuration of the linear motor which is Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a basic circuit diagram showing another connection form of the coil used in the linear motor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an assembly diagram of a motor which is Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing the positional relationship between the annular magnetic path armature and the permanent magnet rotor shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an overall outline of the motor shown in FIG.

FIGS. 9a and 9b show examples of the relative positions of the N poles facing the magnet in the motor shown in FIG. 8 by the rotation of the annular magnetic circuit armature in the current switch section.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the motor of FIG. 8 for electrifying the battery.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing waveforms of a voltage input to the MONO ring magnetic circuit armature shown in FIG. 8, a voltage output to the load, and a voltage output from the rectifier circuit.

FIG. 12 is an assembly view of a motor having a power generation function according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 13 shows the position of the annular magnetic path armature, permanent magnet rotor and air-core coil shown in Fig. 12. It is explanatory drawing which shows arrangement | positioning relationship.

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the motor that is shown in FIG. 12 starting as a generator for electrifying the battery.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing the positional relationship among the annular magnetic path armature, the rotor, and the air-core coil in the mode shown in FIG.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory view showing a modification of the positional relationship among the annular magnetic path armature, the rotor, and the air-core coil.

FIG. 17a is a perspective view of a generator motor which is another embodiment of the present invention activated by an external rotor.

FIG. 17 b is a basic circuit diagram of the motor shown in FIG.

FIG. 18 a is a perspective view showing a two-layer electric motor which is another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 18 b is a basic circuit diagram of the motor shown in FIG.

FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing a two-layer electric motor that is another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 20 is a basic circuit diagram showing a part of a motor / generator which is another embodiment supplied from a pulse.

FIG. 21 is a basic circuit diagram shown in FIG. 20 in which power is supplied from a power source.

FIG. 22 is a basic circuit diagram shown in FIG. 20 in which power is not supplied from the power source. Figure 2 3a shows the two sections of the coil wound around the two motor / generator stars in Figure 20 regardless of the light sensor and magnet in the rotor. It is a basic circuit diagram of a neighboring coil.

FIG. 23b is a diagram showing that voltage is applied to the coil when power is supplied or not supplied while the rotor is operating in FIG. 21 and FIG. FIG. 23c is a drawing showing the rectified voltage generated by the coil when the rotor is operated regardless of the coil in FIG.

FIG. 24a shows the input voltage when power is supplied to the motor shown in FIG.

FIG. 24 shows the dielectric voltage balanced across the coil when no power is supplied to the coil in FIG.

FIG. 24c is a drawing showing the voltage supplied to the adjustment circuit of the circuit of FIG. 20 during operation.

Figure 24d shows a DC voltage that balances across the charge like a resistor during operation.

FIG. 25 is a basic circuit diagram of two motors that are relatively supplied to a power source.

FIG. 26 is a diagram showing voltage waveforms for the two modules in FIG. FIG. 27 is a selective relative arrangement diagram of two motors 100c and 100d that are relatively supplied to a charge battery.

FIG. 28-30 shows the rotation of the magnet around the air-core coil device used with the motor and generator of the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a schematic drawing of an optional annular magnetic circuit armature core used in some embodiments described in detail in the present invention.

FIG. 32 is a schematic depiction of a coil forming a transformer used in the present invention. FIG. 33 is a schematic diagram showing an overall schematic configuration of an assist bicycle according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

Fig. 34 shows the motor and high-speed motor used in the assist bicycle shown in Fig. 33. It is a figure which shows the relationship.

FIG. 35 is a schematic diagram showing an overall schematic configuration of a wind power generator that is Embodiment 8 of the present invention.

(Explanation of symbols)

l a to: L c, 2 a to 2 c, 41 to 43, 47, 51 a to 51 d, 52 to 52 d coil

3, 13, 23 286 Iron core

4 Power supply

5 Load

10, 22, 72 Permanent magnet

20, 40, 80, 90, 100, 11 1, 112

21, 71, 21 c, 91 Permanent magnet rotor

21 a, 25 York

21 b shaft

24, 24 a, 24 b, 24 c, 102 annular magnetic circuit armature

26 Commutator

26 a commutator brush

27, 28 Bearing

31 DC power supply

32 Load

33 Rectifier circuit

34 battery 4 OA, 150 Air core coil

104, 106 switching element

107 Light sensor

108 DC power supply

1 1 5, 126, 130, 1 32 nodes

1 13, 131 High-speed power generation

1 17 Bridge diode

121, 122 wheels

134 capacitors

136 resistors

1 0 Propeller

141 rotor

I I, 1 2, 1 3, 1 5 terminals BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Exemplary embodiments of a motor and an apparatus using the same according to the present invention will be explained below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(Example 1)

First, Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described. FIG. 2 is a basic circuit diagram showing a winding structure of two coils 1 and 2 wound around a straight iron core used in the linear motor that is Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In this embodiment, the coil 1 and the coil 2 are wound around the iron core 3 in the same direction, and are connected in parallel near each other. Ma FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram corresponding to coils 1 and 2 in FIG. 2, and shows the states of currents I 1 and I 2 flowing through the winding shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, iron core 3 is a laminated electrical steel sheet having a rod-like structure with the same cross-sectional area. Coils 1 and 2 have different resistances. For example, the iron core 3 is a thin copper wire with a large number of windings, a coil 1 with a high resistance value, and a thick copper wire with a small number of windings, and the same winding direction as the coil 1 The coil 2 wound around each is wound, connected in series and arranged adjacent to each other. The resistances of the coils 1 and 2 are the same as those shown in the embodiment of FIG.

A power source 4 that generates an AC rectangular wave voltage is connected to the end points T 1 and T 2 that are both ends of the coil 1. The load 5 is connected between the end point T 1 of the coil 1 to which the coil 2 is not connected and the end point T 3 of the coil 2 to which the coil 1 is not connected. That is, the power supply 4 is connected to the input side, and the load 5 is connected to the output side.

As can be seen in Fig. 2, coil 1 and coil 2 share a common output 〇. Output ◯ works as an intermediate lead for coils 1 and 2. Coil 1 and coil 2 may be part of one coil or a separate coil that is electrically connected. During operation, coil 1 and coil 2 are guided in pairs with their respective ends. Coil 1 and coil 2 forming the primary and secondary coils are distributed as an autotransformer, and the primary and secondary coils are distributed as a common winding. The input current I is distributed as the current I 1 and the current I 2 in the coil 1 and the coil 2. Here, the coil 1 has a stronger resistance than the coil 2, and the current input from the power supply 4 almost flows into the load 5 as the current 12 as shown in FIG. The current I 1 shunted to coil 1 is very small. On the other hand, coil 1 has a large number of winding wires and coil 2 has a small number of windings. Compared with the voltage between a certain end point T 2 and Τ 3, the voltage between the end point T l and Τ 2 of the coil 1 is large. For example, if the winding ratio of coil 1 to coil 2 is set to 100: 1, the input side voltage V1 to the output side voltage V2 will be 10:00 to 10.1, almost 1 to 1. It functions as a transformer. Note that the power consumed by each of the coils 1 and 2 is the same.

Coil 1 and coil 2 are each electrically connected in parallel, and the direction of current flows in the opposite direction through the coil wound in the same direction as iron core 3. The magnetic field region differs in the vicinity of coils 1 and 2 as described in Fig. 4 below.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a schematic configuration of a linear motor which is an example of the motor which is the embodiment of FIGS. Coil 1 includes 1 a to l c section coils, and coil 2 includes 2 a to 2 c section coils. As shown in Fig. 4, such a single-winding transformer is configured such that the coils 1a to lc and 2a to 2c corresponding to the coils 1 and 2 are alternately arranged along the longitudinal direction of the rod-shaped iron core 13. By arranging them adjacent to each other, a linear motor can be formed.

The arrangement relationship between the coils 1 a to 1 c and the coils 2 a to 2 c is that the coils 1 and 2 are divided into three in series, and the three divided coils 2 a to 2 c are divided into three divided coils. It is also a relationship placed adjacent to 1 a to 1 c. The lengths of the coils la to lc and 2a to 2c in the longitudinal direction are all the same. Coil 1 and coil 2 (or a single coil) are formed by winding each coil 1a-lc and 2a-2c. Desirably, the width L 1 of the coils 1 a to lc and the width L 2 of the coils 2 a to 2 c in the vertical axis direction are the same. Coil 1 and coil 2 are separately connected in a linear state by coils la to lc and 2 a to 2 c. These coils la to lc and 2 a to 2 c have the same saddle direction, and the direction of the current flowing through the adjacent coils is opposite, so that each coil la to lc, 2 & to 2 end points 1 1 to T 16 have different magnetic poles. For example, negative poles are generated at the end points Τ 11, Τ 13 and Τ 15, and S poles are generated at the end points T12, Τ 14 and Τ 16. And when the direction of current changes, the negative pole becomes S pole and the S pole becomes negative pole. Therefore, in the vicinity of the coils lA to lc and 2 a to 2 c, the N pole and the S pole are formed along the longitudinal direction of the iron core 13, and the same as the coils la to lc and 2 a to 2 c By providing a permanent magnet 10 having a length and guiding the permanent magnet 10 in the longitudinal direction of the iron core 13, a linear motor is realized. The permanent magnets 10 having the same width L 3 as the widths L 1 and L 2 of the coils 1 a to lc and the coils 2 a to 2 c are positioned in the vicinity of the coils 1 a to lc and 2 a to 2 c, respectively. As known in the art, a supporting structure (not shown) and induction of a long permanent magnet along the iron core I 3 are prepared in advance. The permanent magnet moves to change the magnetic polarity of the transformer. In this case, the iron core 13 and the coils 1 a˜: L c, 2 a˜2 c only function as a one-to-one transformer, and the power supplied from the power source 4 is almost supplied to the load 5. The That is, the linear motor shown in FIG. 3 is provided with a transformer in the middle of being supplied from the power source 4 to the load 5, and the permanent magnet is moved by changing the magnetic pole of this transformer.

As shown in FIG. 5, the coils 2a to 2c and Z or the coils 1a to lc may be connected in parallel. In this case, the total resistance values of the coils 2a to 2c are further reduced, and the function as a transformer can be made closer to 1: 1 as shown in FIG. Terminals I 2 a, I 2 b, and I 5 are shown. Terminal I 1 is connected to the first end of secondary coils 2 a, 2 b, 2 c. Terminals I 2 a and I 2 b are connected to the first end of coil 1 a. It continues. Terminal 15 connects to the second end of coil 2c, the second end of coil lc (which forms the center lead), and the second ends of coils 2a and 2c. (Example 2)

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the first embodiment described above, the linear motor is realized, but in the second embodiment, the rotary motor using the above-described transformer is realized.

FIG. 6 is an assembly diagram of the mouthpiece tally motor 20 including the permanent magnet rotor 21 and the annular magnetic path armature 24 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the annular magnetic circuit armature 24 is annular, is composed of a circular core 23 and a rotor, and has a circular shape. In this test example, as shown in FIG. 7, three coils 1 a to c and three coils 2 a to 2 c are alternately wound around the iron core I.3. As shown in FIG. 5, the coils 1a to lc are connected in series, and the coils 2a to 2c are connected in parallel. In this test example, the coils la to lc are thin and have a larger number of times than the coils 2 a to 2 c and have a higher resistance value than the coils 2 a to 2. Coils 1 a to lc and 2 a to 2 c are wound around the core at 60 degrees. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, the terminals I 1, I 2 and I 5 supply a pair of coils 1 a to 1 lc and 2 a to 2 c to the power source. Figure 5 shows how the terminals are connected in this way. As described above, in this embodiment, the iron core I 3 forms the annular magnetic path armature 24 and does not move. The inner peripheral part of the iron core I 3 is fitted with the outer peripheral part of the permanent magnet rotor 21. The annular magnetic armature 24 is positioned on the permanent magnet rotor 21 and has an air gap of several mm. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the positional relationship between the annular magnetic path armature and the permanent magnet rotor shown in FIG. In addition, Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the overall outline of the motor shown in Fig. 6. It is. 6 to 8, in the permanent magnet rotor 21, circular permanent magnets 22 having N poles and S poles are alternately arranged around the upper surface of the disk-shaped yoke 21 a.

FIG. 6 shows six permanent magnets positioned on the permanent magnet rotor 21. Three N-pole and three S-pole permanent magnets 22 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The permanent magnet 22 is, for example, neodymium. Similarly, the permanent magnet 22 is an electromagnet. The permanent magnet rotor 2 1 is a magnetized material such as iron.

In this embodiment, the annular magnetic path armature 24 has the annular structure of the iron core 13 of the circuit shown in FIG. 5 so that the inner circumference coincides with the outer circumference of the permanent magnet rotor 21. Yes. The annular magnetic path armature 24 is arranged as an armature with an air gap of several millimeters provided on the permanent magnet rotor 21. As shown in FIG. 6, the annular magnetic path armature 24 has six coils 1 a to lc and 2 a to 2 c having six shafts according to the arrangement of the permanent magnets 22 of the permanent magnet rotor 2.1. A thin coil with a large number of windings 1 a to 2 c and a thick coil with a small number of windings 2 a to 2 c are alternately wound around an annular iron core at an angle of 60 degrees.

The permanent magnet 2 2 is preferably positioned in a circle on the permanent magnet rotor 2 1 at an equal distance from the center of the circular rotor. In this combination, the permanent magnet 22 is arranged with an angular difference of 60 degrees between the adjacent N pole and S pole. A shaft 2 l b is provided at the center of the disk of the permanent magnet rotor 21, and the permanent magnet rotor 21 functions as a so-called flat row. The upper and lower ends of the shaft 2 1 b are tightened with bearings 2 7 and 2 8. The end of the shaft 21 b is paired with an external device to cause the device to rotate and to accomplish work.

The shaft 2 lb is provided with a commutator 26 and is fixed to the upper portion of the yoke 25. The commutator 2 6 is joined to the shaft 2 1 b in the shoulder 2 1 c. Commutator brush 2 6 a Delay X of contact energization to commutator 26 by is shown. Delay X is greater than 0, less than 1800 degrees, and preferably slightly delayed, such as 10 degrees. As a commutator, brush commutation is well known as a prior art. For example, in the present commutator and other embodiments of the present invention, an optical sensor commutator, electromagnetic sensor commutator, or switch combined with a commutator-based switching element (solid-state relay, hereinafter referred to as a switching element). It is a commutator. If the commutator 26 has an electronic control switch element, the motor is a brushless motor. If the switch element is composed of a switching element, the motor shown in FIG. It is indicated. FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing a conceptual configuration of the combined motor 20 shown by the DC power supply 31 that is electrically related to the commutator 26. The commutator 26 generates a DC current from the power supply 31 in a certain direction. The rectified current enters coils 1a-lc and 2a-2c via terminals 12 and I5 (as seen in FIG. 6). Therefore, the rectifier 26 is converted into a commutated and rectified current of three cycles by one rotation of the permanent magnet rotor 21. The lower end and the upper end of the shaft 21b are supported by bearings 2 7 and 2 8. A load 3 2 is connected between the terminals 1 2 and 1 1 of the annular magnetic circuit armature 24.

Here, when a direct current is input to the commutator 26 from the direct current power source 31, this direct current is converted into a current transferred and rectified by the commutator 26 and input to the annular magnetic circuit armature 24. The As shown in FIG. 6, the annular magnetic circuit armature 24 has coils 1 a to lc and 2 a to 2 c arranged in a ring shape, and a coil 2 connected in parallel with the resistances of the coils 1 a to lc connected in series. When the resistance ratio between a and 2 c is wound to 9 9 to 1, for example, 9 9% of the current input from commutator 2 6 flows to coils 2 a to 2 c and the load, and load 3 2 The rectified transfer A current of approximately the same voltage as that of the current flows. That is, the load 3 2 consumes 99% of the power flowing from the DC power supply 31.

When the rectified current flows through the annular magnetic armature 24, N poles and S poles are alternately generated between the coils l a to l c and 2 a to 2 c, that is, in each magnetic section. The range of N and S poles is indicated by the N and S characters outside the annular magnetic armature 24 as shown in FIG. Desirably, the permanent magnet rotor 2 is an annular magnetic circuit machine in which the permanent magnet 2 2 is located slightly more than the shafts 7 A, 7 b, 7 c between the ends of the coils 1 a to lc and 2 a to 2 c. The magnetism generated by rectification is located on the N and S pole faces of the child 24 and the magnetic domain side of the coils la to lc and 2 a to 2 c in the annular magnetic circuit armature is coaxial with the pole of the magnet 22 Rotate slightly to the side. For example, the permanent magnet on the permanent magnet rotor 21 is at a position advanced about 10 degrees toward the magnetic domain side of the annular magnetic path armature 24. Figure 9a shows, for example, the N pole of one magnet 2 2 at the current switch point, a section of the annular magnetic armature 24, several N and S pole sections in the rotor, and the axis 7a. Show. The magnetic domains generated by the same polarity repulsion coils 1 a to 1 c and 2 a to 2 c of the magnet 22 are the basis for rotating the permanent magnet rotor 21. The rotation of the rotor and the direction of the rectifying electronic switch are performed by switching the polarity of the coils 1 a to 1 c and 2 a to 2 c in order to attract the adjacent magnet 22 in the permanent magnet rotor 21. This method is repeated when the permanent magnet rotor 21 is rotated. When the magnet 2 2 on the permanent magnet rotor 2 1 has N pole, the N pole generated by the annular magnetic circuit armature 2 4 is generated 10 degrees ahead in the forward rotation direction. Begins to rotate in the polar direction, and eventually, the annular magnetic circuit armature

2 4 starts to rotate in the forward direction.

The rotational speed and torque of the permanent magnet rotor 2 1 are the same as the permanent magnet rotor 2 at the current switch point.

It is controlled by changing the relative position of the annular magnetic path armature 24 with respect to the region of 1. Fig. 9b shows the positional relationship of the N pole on the surface of the magnet 22 approximately halfway between the N pole and S pole sections in the annular magnetic armature 24 when the current is changed. The rotational speed and torque are less than the example in Fig. 9a.

If the winding method of the coils la to lc and 2 a to 2 c is a resistance value between the series coupling coils 1 a to 1 c and the parallel coupling coils 2 a to 2 c, for example, 9 9% to 1% The current 99% input from the commutator 26 flows through the coils 2a to 2c and the load 32. On the other hand, the load 3 2 digests 99% of the current from the DC power supply 3 1.

The rotation of the permanent magnet rotor 21 caused by electric power is digested by the load 3 2 and the torque generated by the annular magnetic path armature 2 4. Here, since there is no slot in the annular magnetic path armature 2 4, no cogging torque is generated, and between the inner week of the annular magnetic path rotor 2 4 and the outer periphery of the permanent magnet rotor 2 1. As the magnetic flux density is increased, the tangential force and the rotation angle due to the gap of the magnet 22 are maximized, so that the permanent magnet rotor 21 can be rotated at high speed.

That is, when electric power to be consumed by the load 3 2 is supplied via the annular magnetic path armature 2 4, torque is applied to the permanent magnet rotor 2 1 by the electric power consumed by the load 3 2, and the permanent magnet rotor 2 1 When the permanent magnet rotor 1 is rotated at a high speed, the annular magnetic path armature 2 4 functions as a transformer. Here, the rotation of the permanent magnet rotor 21 causes the coils 1a to lc and 2a to c of the annular magnetic circuit armature 24 to be electromotive in the opposite direction of each magnetic domain. The electromotive force is offset, and power can be supplied to the load side with almost no influence from the counter electromotive force. In addition, since the positive rotation torque of the permanent magnet rotor 21 is generated by the change in magnetic flux induced in response to the amount of power supplied to the load side, the amount of power supplied to the load side can be adjusted. The rotation speed and torque of the permanent magnet rotor 21 can be adjusted. Here, when a resistance of 5.5 Ω is connected as load 32 and DC current 31 to 22.2 W (DC voltage 12 V, current 1.85 A) is supplied, 22 W (AC voltage 11 V, current 2) at load 32 OA), and the permanent magnet rotor 21 in this case was able to obtain a rotational speed of about 2000 rpm. That is, stable output power of 22 W was obtained with respect to input power of 22.2 W, and at the same time, the permanent magnet rotor 21 could be rotated. Note that. 0. What is the power loss of 2W? This is caused by copper loss due to the annular magnetic armature 24. For this reason, for example, while driving a belt conveyor or the like by rotational force, it is possible to supply power such as lighting by a load.

Most of the electricity supplied by the DC power source 31 to the coils 1 and 2 is not digested by the motor during the rotation of the permanent magnet rotor 2 1. As shown in FIG. 10, a rectifier circuit 33 is provided on the load 32 side, the direct current obtained by the rectifier circuit is stored in the battery 34, and the stored electric power is supplied to the direct current power source 31 side by floating. It may be. As shown in Fig. 11 (a), the input voltage input to the coils 1 a to lc and 2 a to 2 c in the annular magnetic armature 24 is rectified and commutated by the commutator 26, and the permanent magnet circuit The rotation of the trochanter 21 has a cycle of 3 cycles, and the output voltage output to the load 32 has substantially the same voltage value and waveform as shown in FIG. The rectifier circuit 33 converts the rectified DC voltage as shown in FIG. 11 (c) and stores it in the battery 34. In this way, the permanent magnet rotor 21 can be efficiently rotated by re-supplying the electric power output from the annular magnetic path armature 24 to the input side. The rectifier circuit 33 comprises, for example, a bridge diode, and an example of a rectifier circuit is shown in detail with respect to FIG. 20 shown below.

The rotational speed of the permanent magnet rotor 21 is fixed to the annular magnetic path armature 24 Can be controlled by rotating the coil with respect to the commutator 26 and can be rotated in the reverse direction. Furthermore, instead of rotating the annular magnetic path armature 24, the rotational position of the commutator 26 relative to the annular magnetic path armature 24 is changed to change the rotational speed and direction of the permanent magnet rotor 21. You may make it control.

In the second embodiment, an annular magnetic armature 24 having the number of turns of the single-turn transformer shown in FIG. 1 in which the same number of magnetic domains as the permanent magnet rotor 21 is formed is provided. The permanent magnet rotor 2 1 is rotated by the induction power of the armature 2 4, and the power passing through the annular magnetic path armature 2 4 is independent of the rotational speed and load torque of the permanent magnet rotor 2 1. It can be stably consumed by an external load. In addition, since the annular magnetic path armature 2 4 forms an annular magnetic path without a slot in the iron core, the cogging torque can be eliminated. Further, the coil 1 a of the annular magnetic path armature 2 4 ~ 1 c and coils 2 a ~ 2 c winding direction, permanent magnet rotor 2 Reverse rotation of counter electromotive force generated in annular magnetic circuit armature 2 4 due to rotation in adjacent magnetic section Since the generation of reverse torque due to electromotive force is eliminated, the input power can be output to the load as it is.

(Example 3)

Next, FIG. 12 is an assembly diagram illustrating Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In the third embodiment, a power generation function is further added to the configuration of the second embodiment so as to compensate for power loss such as copper loss and iron loss of the commutator 26 and the annular magnetic circuit armature 24. Yoke 25 is located above the air core coil. The disc is supported and assembled by the shoulder portion 21c of the shaft 21b, and the commutator 26 is supported by the disc. The yoke 25 has the same inclination and size as the permanent magnet rotor 21 and is located in parallel. The yoke is, for example, iron. While the yoke is rotated by the permanent magnet rotor 21, the consumed torque is increased by the eddy current. Occurs during FIG. 13 is an independent diagram of a motor that is Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a positional relationship among the annular magnetic path armature, the permanent magnet rotor, and the air-core coil shown in FIG. 12 and 13, the air-core coil 40A is disposed between the permanent magnet rotor 21 and the yoke 25, and is disposed in a magnetic field generated between the permanent magnet rotor 21 and the yoke 25. .

The air-core coil 4 OA is formed by three triangular coils 41, 42, 43 that are arranged 40 degrees apart from each other. Further, the triangular coils 41 to 43 are wound with thick copper wires to keep the resistance value low. Each of the coils 41 to 43 has a triangular apex position inscribed in the outer circumference circle of the permanent magnet rotor 21 or inscribed in the inner circumference circle of the annular magnetic path armature 24 and fixed in the same manner as the annular magnetic path armature 24. Is done. The air-core coil 4 OA and the primary and secondary coils 1 a to 1 c and 2 a to 2 c are insulated. Vertices P 1 and P 2, P 2 and P 3 are electrically connected. Terminals 44, 45, and 46 extend from vertices Pl, P2, and P3, respectively. Here, since the yoke 25 and the permanent magnet rotor 21 rotate together, the reverse torque due to the eddy current does not occur.

As shown in FIG. 13, when the apex of the triangle of the coil 41 is located at the contact point between the circle of the magnet 22 of the permanent magnet rotor 21 and the outer circumference of the permanent magnet rotor 21, the inside and outside of the coil 41 Then, the direction of the magnetic flux is reversed, and as the permanent magnet rotor 21 rotates, the direction of the magnetic flux between the inner side and the outer side of the coil 41 is reversed, and the coil 41 has 3 for one rotation of the permanent magnet rotor 21 Cycle AC power is induced. Similarly, AC power is also induced in the other coils 42 and 43, and each coil is arranged 40 degrees apart, so that each coil 41 to 43 is induced with AC power having a phase difference of 120 degrees. Can be output externally. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, three-phase AC power can be obtained by providing the terminals 44-46 having the Δ-connections of the coils 41-43. FIG. 14 is a distant view of a motor including the air-core coil 40 A of FIG. 13 for providing a power generation function. Air core coil 4 OA terminals 4 4, 4 5 and 4 6 are connected to rectifier circuit 3 3. The rectifier circuit 3 3 full-wave rectifies the three-phase AC power output from the terminals 4 4, 4 5 and 4 6 and rectifies it into DC power. The rectifier circuit 3 3 is electrically connected to the battery 3 4. One outlet of the rectifier circuit 33 is electrically connected to one brush 26a of the rectifier 26, and one outlet is electrically connected to the power source 31. Air-core coil 4 The three-phase AC power generated by the OA is electrically insulated from the annular magnetic circuit armature 3 4, so the DC power from the rectifier circuit 3 3 is used as the input power to the annular magnetic circuit armature 2. Can be used as combined power. Since it is electrically separated from the annular magnetic circuit armature 24, it can generate electricity without a torque. By combining the three-phase AC power obtained from the air-core coil 4 OA with the input power to the annular magnetic circuit armature 24, the loss of input power can be compensated for by the torque loss with low reverse torque. In addition, sufficient rotation of the permanent magnet rotor 21 can be obtained, and an output power close to 100% can be obtained for the load 32 as much as possible.

For example, as shown in Fig. 13, rotating power synchronized with the permanent magnet rotor 2 1 by supplying single-phase AC power obtained from the coil 4 1 of the air-core coil 4 OA from the terminals 1 2 and I 5 Supply can be made. That is, power can be directly supplied to the annular magnetic circuit armature 24 without going through the commutator 26.

The air-core coil 4 OA is provided with three coils 4 1 to 4 3 so that three-phase AC power can be output. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 4 1 and 4 7 may be used to output single-phase or 2-phase AC power, respectively. In this case, the coils 4 1 and 4 7 are arranged so as to be shifted from each other by 60 degrees. The terminal extends from two electrically connected vertices P 1 and P 2. Figure 17b shows how the air core coil of Figure 15 connects to the motor. FIG. 16 shows two coils 73 and 74 and an air-core coil 40 as will be described in detail below.

Further, the number of magnets 22 arranged in the permanent magnet rotor 21 is not limited to six. For example, as shown in FIG. 16, eight magnets 72 may be arranged at equal intervals. In this case, the magnetic domain formed by the annular magnetic path armature 2 4 (coils 5 1 a to 5 1 d,

5 2 a to 5 2 d) must also be eight. Further, the air-core coil 40 A in this case may have a polygonal shape corresponding to the number of magnets 22 instead of the Δ shape. For example, in Fig. 16, the shape of each coil 7 3 and 7 4 of the air-core coil is made quadrangular for .8 magnets 2 2. Coils 7 3 and 7 4 have moved 45 degrees. Vertices P 7 1 and P 7 2 are electrically connected, and terminals extend from them. The terminals are electrically connected to the motor as shown in the conceptual diagram in Fig. 17b. Each coil 7 3, 7 4 of the air-core coil shown in FIG. 16 outputs four cycles of AC power for one rotation of the permanent magnet rotor 71. In addition, when 2-phase power is output from coils 7 3 and 7 4, the phase difference is 90 degrees. The magnets 2 2 and 7 2 have a lead tube shape. However, the shape is not limited to this, and the shape is arbitrary, and may be, for example, a polygonal shape. Further, a brushless motor may be realized by supplying power using a hole element or the like as the commutator 26.

In this third embodiment, the configuration of the second embodiment is further provided with a power generation function using an air-core coil, and the AC power obtained from this air-core coil is combined with the external output or input power. From characteristics, obtain AC power with low torque and low torque loss By supplying this electric power to the input electric power, the electric power supplied to the load side can be made 100% as much as possible, and the rotation of the permanent magnet rotor 21 can be sufficiently obtained.

(Example 4)

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the third embodiment described above, the motor using the transformer function of the electric power input from the outside is started. However, in the fourth embodiment, the motor is started by the rotational force from the outside. The power generation function shown in Example 3 is used to assist the rotation of the motor.

FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a generator motor 20 that is Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In FIG. 17 a, this generator motor is provided with an air-core coil in the same manner as the motor 40 of FIGS. 12 to 16 shown in the third embodiment. However, no external power source such as DC power source 3 1 is used. The electric power from the air-core coil obtained by the rotation of the permanent magnet rotor 21 is supplied to the annular magnetic path armature 24. Other configurations are the same as those of the third embodiment. FIG. 17 b is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the generator motor 20 of FIG. 17 a showing how the air-core coil 4 O A of FIG. 15 is connected to the motor. The air-core coil 4 O A has two external terminals P 1 and P 4. Terminal P 1 is wound in such a way that it is electrically connected to motor terminal 15 and electrically connected to center tap Z between primary and secondary coils 1 and 2. Terminal P4 is electrically connected to power supply 31. Terminal 1 1 is electrically connected to one end of secondary coil 2 and load 3 2. The terminal 12 is electrically connected to one end of the primary coil and the other end of the load 32.

The generator motor 20 is started by rotating the permanent magnet rotor 21 with a rotational force F from the outside. The rotational force from the outside is, for example, a bicycle wheel Supplied by wings operating other propellers, other rotating devices. At this time, no cogging torque is generated from the annular magnetic armature 24. When the permanent magnet rotor 21 rotates, electric power is output from the air-core coil, and this electric power is input to the annular magnetic circuit armature 24 to assist the rotation of the permanent magnet rotor 21. Here, the AC power from the air-core coil 4 OA is single-phase and is synchronized with the rotation of the permanent magnet rotor 21, so a commutator is not required, and directly to the annular magnetic circuit armature 24 Can be entered. In addition, the air-core coil 4 OA generates the counter electromotive force emf of the permanent magnet rotor 21 and reduces the generated torque. In the fourth embodiment, by supplying the synchronous power obtained by the air core coil to the annular magnetic path armature 24, a power generation mode capable of assisting the external rotational force is realized. (Example 5)

Next, Embodiment 5 of the present invention will be described. In the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 18a, the power generation motor 80 shown in the second to fourth embodiments described above is configured in multiple stages around the shaft 21b. That is, a direct current from the DC power supply 31 is input to the upper annular magnetic circuit armature 2 4 b via the commutator 26, and the upper permanent magnet rotor 21 c is rotated, and this annular magnet The output power of the road armature 24 b is input to the lower annular magnetic circuit element 24 a, and the lower permanent magnet rotor 21 is rotated to output power to the load 32. Here, since the upper permanent magnet rotor 21 and the lower permanent magnet rotor 21 are fixed to the same shaft 21 b, the same input power and output as the motors shown in Examples 2 to 4 are used. The torque can be amplified by the electric power. An air-core coil can be provided for each stage. Further, in FIG. 18, a two-stage configuration is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a torque amplification can be further performed by using a multistage configuration of three or more stages.

Fig. 18b is a schematic circuit diagram of the motor of Fig. 18a showing the connection of a more detailed configuration. is there. Terminal 11 is electrically connected to the first end of the secondary coil (schematically shown in FIG. 18a) of the upper annular magnetic armature 24b. Terminal 12 is electrically connected to the second end of the primary coil. One end of the power source 31 is also electrically connected to the second end of the primary coil. Similarly, terminal 12 is electrically connected to one end of load 32. Terminal 15 is electrically connected to the center tap X between the second ends of the primary and secondary coils 1 and 2 and the power supply 31. Terminal 1 1 is also the second end of the primary and secondary coils 1 and 2 of the lower annular magnetic armature 2 4 a. The center tap between is electrically connected with Y. The terminal 1 2 ′ is electrically connected to the terminal 1 2 and the first end of the primary coil of the lower annular magnetic circuit armature 2 4 a. The terminal 1 1 ′ is electrically connected to the load 3 2 and the first end of the secondary coil of the lower annular magnetic circuit armature 2 4 a. It is understood that the lower annular magnetic path armature 2 4 a and the upper annular magnetic path armature 2 4 b include two coils 1 and 2 as described above.

(Example 6)

Next, Embodiment 6 of the present invention will be described. In the sixth embodiment, the motor or power generation module shown in the second to fourth embodiments is disposed so as to face the shaft 2lb.

That is, as shown in FIG. 19, the winding direction of each coil forming the magnetic domain of the upper annular magnetic path armature 24 c is opposite to each coil of the lower annular magnetic path armature 24 a. The permanent magnet rotor 9 1 is provided instead of the yoke 25, and the magnets of the lower permanent magnet rotor 21 and the upper permanent magnet 9 1 are synchronously arranged and fixed by the same shaft. Is done. The connection of coils 1 and 2 to terminals 1 1, 1 2 and 15 is the same as shown in Figure 18a. Here, the DC power from the DC power source 3 1 is input to the upper annular magnetic circuit armature 2 4 c via the commutator 26, and the upper permanent magnet rotor 91 is rotated. The output power of the child 2 4 c is input to the lower annular magnetic circuit armature 2 4 a, the lower permanent magnet rotor 2 1 is rotated, and the power is output to the load 3 2. Here, since the upper permanent magnet rotor 9 1 and the lower permanent magnet rotor 21 are fixed to the same shaft 2 1 b, the same input power and output as the motors shown in Examples 2 to 4 are used. The torque can be amplified by the electric power. Well, an air-core coil can be provided for each stage.

As in the fifth embodiment, the motor 90 shown in FIG. 19 can be configured in multiple stages. With such a multi-stage configuration, even greater torque amplification can be performed with the same power.

(Example 7)

Next, Embodiment 7 of the present invention will be described. In the seventh embodiment, the other motors shown in the second to sixth embodiments described above are realized.

FIG. 20 is a conceptual diagram of a portion of the motor related to another embodiment in which the input power is shown in the form of voltage. The motor part 100 comprises an annular magnetic path armature 102. The commutator is formed by primary and secondary “switching elements” 104, 106, to name one example. The switching elements 104 and 106 are controlled by an optical sensor 107 as shown in FIG. FIG. 21 is a conceptual diagram of the rotating circuit of FIG. 20 when both the switching element 104 and the switching element 106 are closed. FIG. 22 is a conceptual diagram of the rotating circuit of FIG. 20 when both of the switching elements 104 and 106 are closed. Referring to FIG. 20, the switching elements 104 and 106 are connected across the DC power source 108 and the capacitor 110. The anode terminal 108a of the DC power supply 108 is the switching element 104 The cathode terminal 108 b of the DC power supply 108 is connected to the cathode terminal 106 b of the switching element 106 shown in FIGS. 20 and 21. The cathode terminal 104 b of the switching element 106 and the anode terminal 106 a of the switching element 106 are similarly shown in FIGS. 20 and 21.

The switching elements 104 and 106 are electrically connected to the primary coil 112 and the secondary coil 114 wound around the armature 102, respectively. The primary coil consists of the first coils 112a, 112b, 112c and is connected in series. The secondary coil consists of the second coils 114a, 114b, 114c and is connected in series as well. Either or both of the coils 114 a -114 c are similarly connected in parallel. As shown in FIG. 20, the primary and secondary coils 112 and 114 are generally alternately wound with coils 114a, 114b, and 114c and wound with coils 112a, 112b, and 112c. ing. The primary coils 112 a, 112 b, 112 c and the secondary coils 114 a, 114 b, 114 c share the common terminal 106 a of the switching element 106. Terminal 106 a serves as the center tap for primary and secondary coils 112, 114. The primary and secondary coils 112 and 114 are single coils. They are similarly inductively coupled during other operations. The primary and secondary coils constitute an automatic transformer. It is desirable that the primary and secondary coils 112 and 114 have the same number of turns, the same material, and the same resistance. On the other hand, it is not required to be preferable.

The cathode 104 b of the first switching element 104 is electrically connected to the first coil 112 through the node 115. After winding around the rotor 102, the primary coil 112 is electrically connected to the anode 106a of the second switching element 106. The anode 106 a of the second switching element 106 is electrically connected to the secondary coil 114 so as to occur simultaneously with the primary coil 112. Rectifier circuit 116 is electrically connected to power supply 108 across nodes 115 and 140. In this embodiment, the rectifier circuit 116 is composed of a bridge diode circuit 117 composed of four diodes 118, 120, 122, 124 connected to four nodes 126, 128, 130, 132. Capacitor 134 is electrically connected across bridge 126 and 130 in parallel with bridge diode 117 and resistor 136. Node 132 is electrically connected to secondary coil 114 at node 138 that provides input to secondary coil 114. The resistor 136 is supplied in parallel to a capacitor 134 typified by an external load.

The current output of the first switching element 104 is divided at node 115. The first output of node 115 is output to primary coil 112 as described above. The second output of the node 115 is connected to the node 128 of the _bridge diode circuit 117 that supplies the output to the rectifier circuit 116. The node 126 of the _bridge diode circuit 117 is connected to the capacitor 134 and the resistance 136. Is electrically connected to node 140 which is electrically connected to The node 140 is electrically connected to a node 142 that is electrically connected to the switching element 106.

A magnetic rotor (not shown) mounted on the yoke is shown above and serves as a position to adjust the rotor 102 as described. Other configurations of the above embodiment are provided appropriately.

Capacitance evening 110, for example, has a capacity of 22,000 Faraday. Kiyapashi Yuichi 134 has a capacity of 3,300 Faraday. Resistor 136 has a resistance of 30 ohms. For example, the DC power supply 108 supplies 1 2 port or 2 4 port.

In operation, the first and second switching elements 104, 106 are opened based on an external signal supplied by a pair of optical sensors 107 whose movement occurs simultaneously with the rotation of the rotor blades. Closed. When both switching elements 104 and 106 are closed as shown in FIG. 21, current and voltage are supplied to the primary coil 112 and the rectifier circuit 116 with respect to the node 115. The current is supplied to the primary coil 112 that turns to the cathode terminal 108 b of the DC power supply 108 to the switching element 106 and the node 142. The current is supplied to the rectifier circuit 116 and is induced and stored in the capacitor 134. The rectified current flows outside the capacitor 134 and resistor 136, or other load, and is also routed to the negative terminal of the DC power supply 108 relative to the node 142. The electromagnetic field is generated by the primary coil 112 in the secondary coil 114 due to voltage and current pulses that match the voltage and current input to the primary coil. Similarly, the magnetic field is generated by the secondary coil. The magnetic field is generated by the primary and secondary coils 112, 114 due to rotation of the rotor (not shown) at 60 degrees, for example, while the switching elements 104 and 106 are closed.

As shown in FIG. 22, when both switching elements 104 and 106 are opened, the DC power source 108 is disconnected from the primary and secondary coils 112 and 114. Voltage and current are not supplied to the primary coil 112 by the power source 108. The rotor maintains its rotation due to its own inertia. Inductive power in the primary and secondary coils is caused across the bridge diode circuit 117 and capacitor 134. Rectified current flows from capacitor 134 to resistor 136.

The back electromotive force “e m f” is generated when the switching elements 104 and 106 are opened, and the power to the circuit is not supplied for a long time. The continuous rotation of the rotor and the magnetic field are caused by the rotor causing a voltage in both the primary and secondary coils 112, 114.

The switching elements 104 and 106 are an example, but are opened and closed at a frequency of 40 cycle-nos. In one embodiment, the current supplied to the primary coil 112 and the rectifier circuit The ratio of supplied current is about 1: 8.

Fig. 2 3a shows, for example, when the rotor and the optical sensor 107 rotate, the N pole facing the magnet 22 in the rotor (not shown) and the optical sensor 107 at two points T1 and T2. FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram of two coils 112 a and 114 b on each side of the primary and secondary coils 112 and 114 with respect to the S pole.

In Fig. 2 3a, switching element 104, 106 is closed by T 1 and T 2 is opened so that the rotor and the optical sensor move regardless of the annular magnetic armature coil 102. The input voltage of a square wave across terminal 104 b and node 142 is shown.

Figure 2 3 c shows the input generated by rotating coils 112 and 114 from T 1, T 2 and ノード 3 across node 1 0 6 a and node 142, regardless of whether the rotor is a coil or not. Voltage is shown. From Ding 1 to Ding 2, switching elements 104 and 106 are closed, and power is supplied to coils 112 and 114 and rectifier circuit 116. Spike 149, or surge voltage, is indicated by T 2 due to back electromotive force. It is clear that while switching elements 104, 106 are open, a voltage is generated as well, and the motor can act as a generator.

Figures 2 4a-2 4d show many cycles of various waveforms along with the operation of the motor of Figure 20. FIG. 24 shows the input voltage across the terminal 104b and the node 142 when the switching element 104 is closed in FIG. FIG. 24b shows the input voltage measured across node 142 and node 106a when switching elements 104, 106 are open, as shown in FIGS. Figure 24c shows the voltage supplied to rectifier circuit 116 across node 142 and node 104b, which is the sum of the input voltage shown in figure 24a and the rectified voltage shown in figure 24b during operation. Is shown. Figure 2 4 d Shown is the DC voltage generated across resistor 136 during operation.

Figure 25 shows two motors similar to the motor 100 in Figure 20 that are electrically connected to demonstrate how the motor can constantly function as a generator in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Both i _00a and _100b are electrically connected in part to the resistor 136 which is representative of the external load for the switching elements 149 and 150. Each of the motors 100a and 100b is an example, but the added switching elements 145, 146, 147, 148, 149 and 150 are electrically connected in the same manner as the other capacitors 134b and 134a. Connected.

During operation, the switching elements 104a, 106a, 104b, 106b, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149 and 150 are alternately opened and closed in their respective motors 100a, 100b. For example, in FIG. 25, the switching elements 104a and 106a of the motor 100a are open, and the switching elements 104b and 106B are closed. In other words, switching elements 145, 148, and 150 are open, and switching elements 146, 147, and 149 are closed. Therefore, the motor 100a charges the battery 108a and the capacitor 134a with the rectified voltage generated by the motor 100a as shown in FIG. 26a. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 26b, when switching elements 104a and 106a are closed, switching elements 104b and 106b are opened, switching elements 145, 148 and 150 are closed, and switching elements 146, 147 and 149 are opened, The rectified voltage generated by the motor 100b is packed in the battery 108b and the capacitor 134b.

Fig. 27 c shows two pairs of alternating transformers 100c and 100d, respectively, and a transformer for storing electricity in batteries 108c and 108d. This transformer contains only four switching elements 104c, 106c, 104d, 106d and therefore has less loss than the transformer of FIG. FIGS. 28_30 show additional air core coil transformers 150, 152, 154 using the motor and generator of the present invention. These air-core coils 150, 152, 154 are produced by a single-phase AC whose frequency is dependent on the number of magnets 22 on the rotor. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, there are six magnets 22 on the rotor 21, for example, then the frequency is 3 cycles / rotation of the rotor. If there are 8 magnets 22 there, the frequency is 4 cycles Z rotation. Air-core coils 150-154 are located right next to the inner circumference of the coil wound around the rotor. The air-core coil 105-154 is an example, but is a part of a circuit (not shown) that is separated from the motor circuit in order to pack the battery. FIG. 28 is a plan view of air-core coils on the six permanent magnets 22 on the permanent magnet rotor 21. The air core coil 150 is wound around the magnet 22 in a wave shape. FIG. 29 is a plan view of another air-core coil on the six permanent magnets 22 on the permanent magnet rotor 21, and each air-core coil is wound around the magnet. The winding direction is alternated with respect to the magnet 22. First, the winding direction is the same for all N poles, and the second winding direction is the same for each S pole (as opposed to the first winding direction). FIG. 30 is a plan view showing another air-core coil 154 on the six permanent magnets 22 on the permanent magnet rotor 21, and the air core is wound only on the N pole, differently. Those wound around the N pole are in the same direction. The air-core coil 154 is alternately wound around the south pole in the same direction. FIG. 31 is a conceptual diagram of alternating annular magnetic armature cores 200. As described herein, it is used in some of the embodiments of the present invention. The annular magnetic path armature core 200 is composed of core parts 202, 204, 206 separated by air gaps 208, 210, 212. In this example, there are three core portions 202-206 separated by three air gaps 208-212. The first coil 214 segment and the second coil 216 segment are It is shown wound around. Additional portions of the first and second coils 214, 216 (not shown) are alternately wound around the other cores 202, 206, in series with each coil in the same coil section, or Connected in parallel. FIG. 31 shows the magnetic field region for the winding method of the primary coil 214 and the secondary coil 216 with respect to the air gap position.

The air gap 208-212 provided in the annular magnetic path armature core 200 increases magnetic leakage and stabilizes the current in the primary and secondary coils 112, 114. In addition, as a result of the increase in the leaked magnetic flux, the rotational efficiency of the permanent magnet rotor 21 is increased as compared with the case where the annular magnetic path armature core does not have the air gap 208-212. When the air gap 208-212 is narrow, the magnetic path is always located right next to the same magnetic pole of the rotor, and stable coking torque is not generated.

It is not necessary whether the coil itself or multiple coils are preferred in a single transformer. The coil wound around the core is also in the single turn transformer. For example, as shown in FIG. 32, the primary coil 280 is connected to a power source 282 and is wound around a core 286. Secondary coil 288 is similarly wound around core 286.

The motor and generator motor in the embodiment of the present invention convert DC to AC, and the resulting AC is a square wave having various frequencies in the rotor EPM. DC power is common, but many devices are required for AC (power). In the embodiment of the present invention, the motor and the generator / motor are therefore often used to efficiently convert D C to A C. The generator Z motor in the embodiment of the present invention similarly converts the input voltage and current into different external voltages and currents.

In the above embodiment, the rotor and the annular magnetic armature are each on the other side, Similarly, the rotor and the annular magnetic path armature are concentric. Either the rotor is around the annular magnetic armature or the annular magnetic armature is around the rotor.

In addition, the coil wound around the core in the above embodiment is a stator, but it can also be a coil wound around the core. As described above, the rotor of this coil functions stably as an annular magnetic path armature.

Next, Embodiment 7 of the present invention will be described. In the seventh embodiment, the assist bicycle using the motor, the power generation motor, or the power generation motor shown in the above-described second to sixth embodiments is realized.

FIG. 33 is a schematic diagram showing the main configuration of an assist bicycle that is Embodiment 7 of the present invention. In FIG. 33, motors 1 1 1 and 1 1 2 shown in the second, third, and fifth embodiments are respectively arranged at the rotation center of the front wheel 1 2 1 and the rotation center of the rear wheel 1 2 2. In addition, the output power of the motor 1 1 1 and 1 1 2 is the input power of the motor 1 1 2 as in the multistage configuration. In addition, a high-speed power generator 1 1 3 that rotates by the rotational force of the rear wheels 1 2 2 is provided.

The rear wheels 1 2 2 are driven by the power of the person operating the assist bicycle and the rotational force of the motors 1 1 1, 1 1 2 by the power supply of a DC power source (not shown). The motor 1 1 2 rotates the permanent magnet rotor 1 1 2 a by supplying power to the annular magnetic path armature 1 1 2 b, and the output power from the annular magnetic path armature 1 1 2 b is The input power of the motor 1 1 1 is input to the annular magnetic circuit armature 1 1 lb, the permanent magnet rotor 1 1 2 a is rotated, and the output power from the permanent magnet rotor 1 1 2 a is the DC power supply Accumulated in. In other words, the motors 1 1 1 and 1 1 2 are torque amplified. This accumulated power is used again as input power to the motor 1 1 2. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 34, the high-speed power generation module 1 1 3 is rotated at a high speed by changing the rotation associated with the rotation of the permanent magnet 1 1 2 a. This high-speed rotation causes the permanent magnet rotor of the high-speed generator motor to rotate at a high speed, and power is generated by the air-core coil 1 1 3 a. The output power from the air-core coil 1 1 3 a may be stored in the DC power source described above, or the electric assist 2 may be performed as shown in the fourth embodiment.

Note that the configurations of the motors 1 1 1 and 1 1 2 and the high-speed power generation motor 1 1 3 described above can be applied to the wheel of an automobile, and an efficient electric vehicle can be realized.

In addition, in this embodiment, the configuration is such that the mo-yu is distributed, but this distributed arrangement can be similarly applied to, for example, each place of the power transmission relay, and a new rotational force is obtained for each power transmission relay. The power generation function using an air-core coil with this rotational force can compensate for the loss during power transmission relay.

(Example 8)

Next, an eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the eighth embodiment, the power assist of the generator is performed using the power generation mode shown in the fourth embodiment. FIG. 35 is a schematic diagram showing the main configuration of wind power generation that is Embodiment 8 of the present invention. In FIG. 35, this wind power generator receives wind power by means of a propeller 14 0, rotates the mouth 1 4 1, and transmits this rotational force to the permanent magnet rotor of the high speed generator motor 1 3 1. In this rotation transmission, the low-speed rotation of the rotor 14 1 is shifted to the high-speed rotation of the permanent magnet rotor. When the permanent magnet rotor of the high-speed power generation motor 1 3 1 rotates at high speed, power is output by the air-core coil, and this power is fed back to the annular magnetic circuit armature of the high-speed power generation motor 1 3 1. Assists the rotation of the permanent magnet rotor and outputs power to the outside. It is. This eliminates the torque associated with the high-speed generator motor 1 3 1 functioning as a generator and enables highly efficient power generation.

In the first to eighth embodiments of the present invention, the pulse input is controlled as follows. That is, when pulse power is input from the DC power source to the primary coil, the rotational force and the number of rotations can be controlled. In this case, the secondary coil generates an AC current due to an induced voltage synchronized with the pulse frequency. The direction of the current generates a positive rotational force with respect to the magnetic pole array of the rotor. In addition, by controlling the pulse width, it is possible to obtain a rotational force and a rotational speed that are directly proportional to the pulse width. Industrial applicability

According to the present invention, since the slot is not formed in the annular magnetic armature, there is no cogging torque, and an efficient motor can be realized, and the first coil and the second coil can be realized. Since the generated back electromotive force is canceled out, an efficient motor that hardly generates reverse torque can be realized. Further, there is almost no power consumption by the annular magnetic path armature itself, and the permanent magnet rotor can be rotated by the annular magnetic path armature and power can be transferred from the power source to the load.

Further, according to the present invention, by disposing a polygonal air-core coil between the permanent magnet rotor and the yoke, rotational energy can be output to the outside and a power generation function can be provided. There is an effect that can be.

Further, according to the present invention, by providing a rectifier circuit as a load and supplying the rectified power to the power supply side, there is an effect that an energy-saving and efficient motor can be realized. Further, according to the present invention, the rotational position and direction of the permanent magnet rotor are controlled by shifting the relative positional relationship between the annular magnetic path armature and the commutator, and the rotation control of the motor is performed with a simple configuration. There is an effect that can be performed freely.

Further, according to the present invention, the output of the air core coil is input to the annular magnetic armature and the output of the air core coil is input to the annular magnetic armature, the commutator, and the like. It is possible to realize an efficient operation that compensates for the loss.

In addition, according to the present invention, the external rotational force applied to the permanent magnet rotor is reduced by inputting the output of the air core coil to the annular magnetic path armature and assisting the rotational force of the permanent magnet rotor. There is an effect that it is possible to realize a generator motor with a reduced rotational load. In addition, according to the present invention, since all or part of the output of the air-core coil is output to the outside, an efficient motor having an external power generation output function can be realized. There is an effect.

Further, according to the present invention, the motor is configured in a multistage configuration with opposing arrangements around the axis of the permanent magnet rotor and is electrically connected in series so as to perform a chain output, or the permanent magnet rotor Since the motor output is made up of multiple stages around the axis and is connected in series with the electrical connection, the rotational power is increased by using the same power as the power transferred during driving of one motor. There is an effect that can be made.

Further, according to the present invention, since the armature on the straight line is entrained as a transformer between the power source and the load, there is almost no power consumption by the armature itself, and the magnetic field generated by this armature In addition to realizing a linear motor that moves the permanent magnet, it also has the effect of being able to transfer power from the power supply to the load.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. an armature core that forms an annular magnetic path;

A plurality of first coils wound in the same direction around the armature core and connected in series with high DC resistance, and wound around the armature core in the same direction as the first coil. A plurality of second coils connected in series or in parallel, each having a low DC resistance and a small number of turns, forming a magnetic domain of the same length. A coil group to be arranged; and

A power source for supplying AC power to the first coil group connected in series;

A load connected to the coil group in which the second coil group and the first coil group connected in series or in parallel are connected in series;

In the circumferential direction in the vicinity of the inner circumference of the annular magnetic path armature in which the coil group is wound around the armature core, permanent magnets having the same number of magnetic domains formed by the coil group and having different magnetic poles are alternately arranged at equal intervals. A disk-shaped permanent magnet rotor disposed and inscribed in the annular magnetic path armature;

A motor comprising:

2. a yoke fixed to the shaft of the permanent magnet rotor and disposed at an opposing position on the permanent magnet side of the permanent magnet rotor;

The motor according to claim 1, further comprising: a polygonal air-core coil disposed between the permanent magnet rotor and the yoke.

3. a commutator synchronized with the rotation of the permanent magnet rotor;

Instead of the power source, a DC power source for supplying DC power;

The commutator rectifies and commutates direct current power supplied from the direct current power source. 3. The motor according to claim 1, wherein the motor is input to an annular magnetic path armature.

4. The load is a rectifier circuit;

4. The motor according to claim 3, wherein rectified power output from the rectifier circuit is supplied to the DC power supply.

5. The motor according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the rotational speed and direction of the permanent magnet rotor are controlled by shifting the relative positional relationship between the annular magnetic path armature and the commutator. T

6. The motor according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein an output of the air-core coil is input to the annular magnetic path armature.

7. An armature core forming an annular magnetic path;

In the circumferential direction near the inner periphery of the annular magnetic path armature in which the coil group is wound around the armature core, permanent magnets having the same number of magnetic domains formed by the coil group and having different magnetic poles are alternately arranged at equal intervals. A disk-shaped permanent magnet rotor disposed and inscribed in the annular magnetic path armature;

A yoke fixed to the shaft of the permanent magnet rotor and disposed at a position opposed to the permanent magnet side of the permanent magnet rotor; A polygonal air-core coil disposed between the permanent magnet rotor and the yoke; and an output of the air-core coil is input to the annular magnetic path armature, and the permanent magnet rotor A motor characterized by assisting the rotational force of the motor.

8. The motor according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein all or part of the output of the air-core coil is output to the outside.

9. The motor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the motor is disposed so as to face the axis of the permanent magnet rotor, and the winding direction of the coil group of the annular magnetic path armature of one of the motors is set. The motor is characterized in that it is connected in series with the output of one motor being input to the other motor by reversing the winding direction of the annular magnetic circuit armature of the other motor.

10. The motor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the motor is configured in multiple stages around the axis of the permanent magnet rotor, and the output of each motor is sequentially input to the next stage of the motor. A motor characterized in that it is connected in series.

1 1. A vehicle comprising at least one motor according to any one of claims 1 to 10 incorporated in a rotating body.

1 2. A generator comprising one or more of the modules according to any one of claims 7 to 10 incorporated in a rotating body.

1 3. Armature core that forms a straight magnetic path;

A plurality of first coils wound around the armature core and connected in series with a high direct current resistance and wound around the armature core, the direct current resistance is lower than the first coil, and the number of turns is small. A plurality of second coils that are connected in series or in parallel, and each first coil and each second coil are alternately arranged, and

A power supply for supplying AC power to the first coil group connected in series; A load connected to the coil group in which the second coil group and the first coil group connected in series or in parallel are connected in series;

A permanent magnet provided in the vicinity of the coil group and having the same length as the magnetic domain along the longitudinal direction of the armature core;

Mo Yu is characterized by having.

1 4. an armature core forming an annular or linear magnetic path;

A plurality of first coils wound in the same direction around the armature core and connected in series or in parallel, and wound around the armature core in the same direction as the first coil, as compared to the first coil A plurality of second coils connected in series or in parallel, forming magnetic domains of the same length with the same number of turns, and each first coil and each second coil are alternately arranged with the same resistance value Coil group to be

A power supply for supplying AC power to the first coil group connected in series or in parallel, and the coil in which the second coil group and the first coil group connected in series or in parallel are connected in series or in parallel A load connected to the group;

Mo Yu is characterized by having.

1 5. An armature core that forms an annular or linear magnetic path;

A plurality of first coils wound around the armature core and connected in series or parallel to each other and wound around the armature core to form a magnetic domain having the same number of turns as the first coil. A plurality of second coils connected in series or in parallel, each first coil and each second coil And coil groups that are alternately arranged while having the same resistance value,

A motor comprising: