WO2006028135A1 - ゲル基板材料を用いた分子測定装置および分子測定方法 - Google Patents
ゲル基板材料を用いた分子測定装置および分子測定方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006028135A1 WO2006028135A1 PCT/JP2005/016422 JP2005016422W WO2006028135A1 WO 2006028135 A1 WO2006028135 A1 WO 2006028135A1 JP 2005016422 W JP2005016422 W JP 2005016422W WO 2006028135 A1 WO2006028135 A1 WO 2006028135A1
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- Prior art keywords
- gel
- molecular chain
- molecular
- substrate material
- polymer
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01Q—SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES OR APPARATUS; APPLICATIONS OF SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES, e.g. SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY [SPM]
- G01Q60/00—Particular types of SPM [Scanning Probe Microscopy] or microscopes; Essential components thereof
- G01Q60/24—AFM [Atomic Force Microscopy] or apparatus therefor, e.g. AFM probes
- G01Q60/38—Probes, their manufacture, or their related instrumentation, e.g. holders
- G01Q60/42—Functionalisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y35/00—Methods or apparatus for measurement or analysis of nanostructures
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a molecular measurement device and a molecular measurement method, and more particularly to a molecular measurement device and a molecular measurement method for measuring a single molecule (or a plurality of molecules) using an atomic force microscope V.
- Atomic Force Microscope developed in 1986 (Non-Patent Document 1) observes the surface shape of conductors, semiconductors, and insulators (including polymers and biomaterials) with high resolution. It is a microscope that can do.
- AFM Atomic Force Microscope
- Non-Patent Document 3 molecular interactions between molecules (binding force between molecules)
- Non-patent document 4 molecules Intramolecular interaction (conformational change of one molecule)
- a single polymer is sandwiched between the probe and the solid substrate, and the molecules are stretched in the uniaxial direction.
- Non-Patent Document 2 Frisbie, C. D., Rozsnyai, L. F., Noy, A., Wrighton, M. S. & Lieber, C. M. "Functional Group Imaging by Chemical Force Microscopy, Science Vol. 265, 1 994, p. 2071
- Non-Patent Document 3 Lee, GU, Kidwell.DA & Colton, RJ "Sensing Discrete Streptavi din— Biotin Interactions with Atomic Force Microscopy", Langmuir Vol. 10, 1994, p. 354-357
- Non-Patent Document 4 K. Mitsui, M. Hara, A.Ikai, FEBS Lett. "Mechanical unfolding of alph a2—macroglobulin molecules with atomic force microscope", Vol. 385, 1996, p. 29
- Non-Patent Document 5 M Rief, M. Gautel, F. Oesterhelt, JM Fernandez, HE Gaub, "Rev ersible Unfolding of Individual Titin Immunoglobulin Domains by AFM", science Vol. 276, 1997, p. 1109
- Non-Patent Document 6 Yamamoto, Y. Tsujn, and T. Fukada, "Atomic Force Microscopic Study of Stretching a Single Polymer Chain in a Polymer Brush, Macromolecules 33, 20 00, p. 5995
- An object of the present invention is a molecular measurement apparatus and a molecular measurement method capable of measuring an interaction between molecules, and in particular, a non-covalent interaction between polymer chains is measured at a molecular level. It is intended to provide a molecular measurement apparatus and a molecular measurement method capable of constructing an experimental system.
- the molecular measurement apparatus of the present invention is a gel substrate material comprising a gel containing a solvent in a network structure and molecular chains, a pulling means for pulling up the molecular chains, and the pulling means when pulling up the molecular chains. And measuring means for measuring the force applied to the.
- a molecular measuring apparatus capable of measuring an interaction between molecules and It is possible to provide a molecular measurement method, in particular, an experimental system for measuring a non-covalent interaction between polymer chains at the molecular level.
- a molecular measurement method in particular, an experimental system for measuring a non-covalent interaction between polymer chains at the molecular level.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example in which a molecular chain is pulled up from a gel substrate material using a molecular measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a force curve measured with a sample in which N-isopropylacrylamide monomer is embedded in a gel as an example of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 A diagram showing an example of a force curve measured on a sample with a monomer embedded in a gel as a comparative example.
- a case where an atomic force microscope is used as an example of a molecular measurement device will be described as an example.
- the lifting means binds the molecular chain to the lifting part, and the gel substrate material force also lifts the molecular chain.
- a cantilever will be described as an example of the lifting means.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example in which a molecular chain is pulled up from a gel substrate material using a molecular measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the cantilever 100 binds to the molecular chain 210 and pulls up the molecular chain 210.
- the probe 110 is a part that binds to the molecular chain 210.
- the gel substrate material 200 includes a molecular chain 210 and a gel 220 containing a solvent in a network structure.
- the molecular chain 210 may be any molecular chain that can be embedded in the gel 220.
- the molecular chain 210 and the material to be gel 220 are mixed, and the latter is gelled to produce the gel substrate material 200.
- the gel substrate material 200 can be generated by mixing the molecular chain 210, a monomer as a gel material, and a cross-linking agent, and allowing the monomer to gel with the cross-linking agent.
- the gel substrate material 200 is generated by mixing two types of polymers (one with molecular chain 210 and the other with gel 220) and crosslinking only one type (using radiation, etc.) It is also possible to do. Furthermore, other adjustment methods may be used.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows the structure of the gel substrate material 200, which is different from the actual embodiment.
- the cantilever 100 pulls up the molecular chain 210 by covalent bond or physical adsorption (physical adsorption).
- the probe 110 is chemically modified and covalently bonded to the molecular chain 210. In this way, the cantilever 100 pulls up the molecular chain 210 bound to the probe 110.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a state where the cantilever 100 pulls up the molecular chain 210.
- the cantilever 100 is farther from the gel substrate material 200 than in the position of FIG. Further, the molecular chain 210 is drawn from the gel 220.
- FIG. 3 is an example of a diagram showing a measurement state, and the AFM apparatus is omitted.
- the polymer network constituting the gel 220 is omitted, and the outline of the gel substrate material 200 and the molecular chain 210 are shown.
- FIG. 3 shows a state where the gel substrate material 200 is contained in the solvent 400.
- the solvent 400 water or another solvent is used. The solvent 400 is dropped on the gel substrate material 200 and encloses the gel substrate material 200 and the cantilever 100.
- the gel substrate material 200 is disposed on the solid substrate 300.
- the film thickness of the gel substrate material 200 is sufficiently larger than the molecular chain 210 and is so thick that the probe 110 is not affected by the solid substrate 300 when the probe 110 contacts the gel substrate material 200.
- the solid substrate 300 is a substrate made of a solid such as glass or metal.
- the gel substrate The material 200 (in particular, the gel 220 contained in the gel substrate material 200) will also serve as a buffer between the solid substrate 300. That is, the presence of the gel substrate material 200 prevents the probe 110 from coming into contact with the solid substrate 300 when the probe 110 is bonded to the molecular chain 210. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the probe 110 from being damaged and to maintain the chemical modification state of the probe 110.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a concept of a standard single molecule stretching measurement method (force petatroscopy).
- FIG. 4 is a diagram shown for comparison with FIGS.
- FIG. 4 shows a state in which one molecular chain 500 is sandwiched between the surface of the solid substrate 300 and the probe 110 and then stretched.
- the solid substrate 300 is a substrate made of a solid such as glass or metal.
- the probe 110 of the cantilever 100 comes into contact with the solid substrate 300 and binds to the molecular chain 500.
- the force applied to the cantilever 100 includes the tension for pulling up the molecular chain 500 and the adsorption force when the molecular chain 500 is peeled off by the solid substrate 300. become.
- the interaction between the polymer chains that is, the molecular chain It is possible to measure the interaction between 210 and the polymer network constituting the gel 220.
- the interaction associated with the relative motion between the molecular chain and the polymer chain of the gel network is measured.
- the pathway through which the molecular chain is drawn is related to the network structure constituting the gel, it is expected that knowledge on the network structure can be obtained from the measurement of the molecular chain stretch.
- the gel may be a synthetic gel obtained by gelling a polymer monomer or a natural (biological) gel (not prepared by polymerizing a monomer).
- Natural gels include, for example, collagen (gelatin) and agar.
- the molecular chain 210 and the gel 220 may be in the case where one of the physical properties is known or the case where both of the physical properties are unknown.
- a comparison is made between each of the known ones and a plurality of unknown ones, or a plurality of unknown ones. No It is also possible to detect the characteristics of a plurality of unknown substances.
- the interaction between polymers can be predicted by accumulating the results of various measurements.
- the interaction between polymers can be predicted by referring to the results measured in the past.
- the force described using the cantilever 100 of the atomic force microscope as an example of the lifting means is not limited to this.
- it can be applied to optical tweezers (light radiation pressure) used in the optical tweezer method or glass-one dollar.
- a protein can be used as the molecular chain 210.
- one end of the protein may be fixed to the gel 220 and the other end may be combined with the probe 110 and pulled up for measurement.
- Example 1 N-isopropylacrylamide monomer (NIPA monomer) is used as the polymer (molecular chain 210 in FIG. 1), and acrylic amide monomer is used as the gel (gel 220 in FIG. 1).
- NIPA monomer N-isopropylacrylamide monomer
- acrylic amide monomer is used as the gel (gel 220 in FIG. 1).
- ⁇ , ⁇ '-methylenebisacrylamide was used as the agent.
- Both the polymer and gel embedded in the gel were prepared by radical polymerization.
- the polymer to be embedded in the gel is prepared by dissolving ⁇ monomer (700 mM) and ammonium sulfate (400 mgZL) in pure water, ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ', ⁇ '-tetramethylethylenediamine (2.4 mLZL) Then, radical polymerization was started at room temperature. After reacting for 24 hours, dialysis was performed and finally freeze-drying was performed.
- the gel and the lyophilized polymer were dissolved in pure water.
- Acrylamide monomer was 700 mM, and the amount of polymer freeze-dried was 10-50 mM.
- ⁇ , ⁇ '-methylenebisacrylamide (8.6mM) and sulfuric acid After dissolving moum (400 mgZL), ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ', ⁇ '-tetramethylethylenediamine (2.4 mL / L) was added thereto.
- This solution was immediately inserted between two glass substrates having a gap of about 50 m (only one glass substrate was treated with Bind-Silane (registered trademark)) to be gelled. After reacting for 24 hours, the glass substrate not treated with bound silane was peeled off from the gel.
- the generated gel substrate material was washed in a large amount of pure water for several days.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a force curve measured with a sample in which a monomer of N-isopropylacrylamide is embedded in a gel.
- the horizontal axis indicates the distance between the probe 110 and the substrate (gel substrate material 200), and the vertical axis indicates the relative value of the displacement amount of the cantilever 100.
- the displacement of the cantilever indicated by the dotted line is an example of a force curve when the cantilever 100 is moved closer to the gel substrate material 200.
- the displacement of the cantilever indicated by the solid line is the displacement when the cantilever 100 is separated from the gel substrate material 200. It is an example of a force curve.
- the right side force is also directed toward the left side, and the probe 110 is moved closer to the gel substrate material 200.
- the left side force is also directed toward the right side and the probe 110 is moved. It is necessary to move the gel away from the gel substrate material 200.
- the dotted and solid arrows indicate the direction of time passage.
- a large downward peak with a solid line indicates that, after the probe 110 is pushed into the gel substrate material 200, the probe 110 and the gel substrate material 200 are adsorbed. It shows the place that has moved to a distant state. It can be seen that after this adsorption, the film is stretched with a constant force of about 1 m (interaction area in the figure). This can be judged from the fact that there is a difference in the displacement value so that it is parallel between the solid line and the dotted line. Since tension does not depend on distance, this force is not the tension due to the polymer itself being stretched, but rather the mutual motion due to the relative motion (including friction) when the polymer is pulled out of the gel force. This is considered to be an action (non-binding intermolecular interaction). Thus, by using the gel substrate material 200, it is possible to measure the mechanical interaction between the polymers. [0031] (Comparative Example 1)
- Example 1 a gel substrate material was created (or prepared) using only the gel without embedding the polymer in the gel as in Example 1.
- the gel substrate material preparation method and AFM measurement are the same as in Example 1.
- Figure 6 shows the measurement results.
- Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 are the power of whether or not the polymer composed of the NIPA monomer is contained in acrylamide, that is, the acrylamide solution (solution before gelation). The only difference is in the ability to gel with a small amount of NIPA polymer.
- the effect of adding a small amount of NIPA polymer on the structure of the completed acrylamide gel can be ignored.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a force curve measured on a sample with a monomer embedded in the gel!
- the horizontal and vertical axes are the same as in FIG. 5, and the dotted line and the solid line also indicate the same operation as in FIG. In FIG. 6, compared to FIG. 5, the interaction region is not detected.
- the probe 110 is not bonded to the polymer and the polymer is not pulled up, the force curve similar to that in FIG. It is possible to draw the power by experiment.
- a gel substrate material 200 which is a combination of a molecular chain and a gel other than those described above, can be prepared.
- the shape of the force curve shown in FIG. Is also different.
- the force curve differs depending on the interaction between the strand 210 and the gel 220.
- the force curve may be different depending on the concentration or measurement environment (for example, temperature or pressure). Is done.
- measurements that change the withdrawal speed (speed dependence) are also expected to draw different force curves.
- the molecular measurement apparatus and the molecular measurement method according to the present invention are capable of investigating the interaction between molecular chains, and are used in an experimental system for measuring the interaction between a polymer and a polymer. Is preferred.
- the physical properties of the gel-like substrate can be examined using the extracted molecule as a probe. It is also expected to be useful as an experimental system for measuring molecules whose properties are likely to change on a solid surface.
- the probe can be prevented from being destroyed and the state of chemical modification can be maintained.
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE112005002187T DE112005002187T5 (de) | 2004-09-09 | 2005-09-07 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Molekülmessung unter Verwendung eines Gelsubstratmaterials |
US11/662,071 US7559261B2 (en) | 2004-09-09 | 2005-09-07 | Device and method for measuring molecule using gel substrate material |
JP2006535790A JP4734653B2 (ja) | 2004-09-09 | 2005-09-07 | ゲル基板材料を用いた分子測定装置および分子測定方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2004-262227 | 2004-09-09 | ||
JP2004262227 | 2004-09-09 |
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WO2006028135A1 true WO2006028135A1 (ja) | 2006-03-16 |
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PCT/JP2005/016422 WO2006028135A1 (ja) | 2004-09-09 | 2005-09-07 | ゲル基板材料を用いた分子測定装置および分子測定方法 |
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US (1) | US7559261B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4734653B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112005002187T5 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006028135A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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JP2010515072A (ja) * | 2007-01-05 | 2010-05-06 | テクニシエ ユニベルシテイト ミュンヘン | サブマイクロニュートン範囲の力を検出するための装置及び方法 |
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US20080169003A1 (en) * | 2007-01-17 | 2008-07-17 | Nasa Headquarters | Field reactive amplification controlling total adhesion loading |
CN103278663B (zh) * | 2013-05-21 | 2015-08-26 | 温州大学 | 一种基于玻璃微针的单分子力谱方法 |
CN112946321A (zh) * | 2021-01-30 | 2021-06-11 | 南京理工大学 | 一种定量化离子液体与固体界面间单分子作用力的方法 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH1144696A (ja) * | 1997-07-28 | 1999-02-16 | Nikon Corp | 撓み検出機構および走査型プローブ顕微鏡 |
JP2002212452A (ja) * | 2001-01-22 | 2002-07-31 | Hokkaido Technology Licence Office Co Ltd | 直鎖状高分子を有する低摩擦ハイドロゲルおよびその製造方法 |
US20030110844A1 (en) * | 2001-12-06 | 2003-06-19 | Veeco Instruments Inc. | Force scanning probe microscope |
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JP4475478B2 (ja) * | 1999-12-07 | 2010-06-09 | セイコーインスツル株式会社 | 遺伝子解析方法及び装置 |
JP4852759B2 (ja) * | 2004-07-30 | 2012-01-11 | 国立大学法人北海道大学 | 分子計測装置および分子計測方法 |
US7323699B2 (en) * | 2005-02-02 | 2008-01-29 | Rave, Llc | Apparatus and method for modifying an object |
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2005
- 2005-09-07 US US11/662,071 patent/US7559261B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-09-07 DE DE112005002187T patent/DE112005002187T5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-09-07 WO PCT/JP2005/016422 patent/WO2006028135A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-09-07 JP JP2006535790A patent/JP4734653B2/ja active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH1144696A (ja) * | 1997-07-28 | 1999-02-16 | Nikon Corp | 撓み検出機構および走査型プローブ顕微鏡 |
JP2002212452A (ja) * | 2001-01-22 | 2002-07-31 | Hokkaido Technology Licence Office Co Ltd | 直鎖状高分子を有する低摩擦ハイドロゲルおよびその製造方法 |
US20030110844A1 (en) * | 2001-12-06 | 2003-06-19 | Veeco Instruments Inc. | Force scanning probe microscope |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
FLORIN E.-L.: "Adhesion Forces Between Individual Ligand-Receptor Pairs", SCIENCE, vol. 264, no. 5157, 15 April 1994 (1994-04-15), pages 415 - 417, XP002072145 * |
KUROKAWA T. ET AL: "Kiban ni yoru Gel no Hyomen Seigyo IX - Teimasatsu Tokusei o Hatsugen suru Gel Hyomen Kozo", POLYMER PREPRINTS, JAPAN, vol. 51, no. 3, 10 May 2002 (2002-05-10), pages 528, II PB072, XP002998166 * |
OKUMURA Y. ET AL: "AFM o Mochiita Kando Gel no Rikigaku Kozo Sokutei", POLYMER PREPRINTS, JAPAN, vol. 53, no. 2, 1 September 2004 (2004-09-01), pages 4960 - 4961, XP002998167 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010515072A (ja) * | 2007-01-05 | 2010-05-06 | テクニシエ ユニベルシテイト ミュンヘン | サブマイクロニュートン範囲の力を検出するための装置及び方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US7559261B2 (en) | 2009-07-14 |
DE112005002187T5 (de) | 2007-08-16 |
JP4734653B2 (ja) | 2011-07-27 |
JPWO2006028135A1 (ja) | 2008-05-08 |
US20070272040A1 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
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