WO2006021611A1 - Method for thermal insulation of a coupling - Google Patents

Method for thermal insulation of a coupling Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2006021611A1
WO2006021611A1 PCT/FI2005/000362 FI2005000362W WO2006021611A1 WO 2006021611 A1 WO2006021611 A1 WO 2006021611A1 FI 2005000362 W FI2005000362 W FI 2005000362W WO 2006021611 A1 WO2006021611 A1 WO 2006021611A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coupling
distance
circuits
thermal insulation
circuit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2005/000362
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jukka Pekola
Alexander Savin
Matthias Meschke
Antti Niskanen
Original Assignee
Helsinki University Of Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Helsinki University Of Technology filed Critical Helsinki University Of Technology
Publication of WO2006021611A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006021611A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y10/00—Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/06—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum
    • F16L59/065—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum using vacuum
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
    • G06N10/00—Quantum computing, i.e. information processing based on quantum-mechanical phenomena

Definitions

  • the invention is a method for thermal insulation of a sensitive electronic measur ⁇ ing device or arrangement used at low temperatures, the insulation being per- formed by means of a vacuum layer and using distance regulation by means of ac ⁇ tive coupling or optionally by means of passive coupling.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention comprises control and read ⁇ ing of a superconductive electronic circuit operating preferably at a temperature under 50 mK, such an embodiment being applicable to quantum computation and quantum computers, among other things.
  • a quantum bit circuit is controlled by superconductive circuit elements, which typically operate in liquid helium at a temperature of 4.2 K and generate an approx. 10 6 fold surplus of heat for the heat flux to be completely absorbed into the quantum bit circuit.
  • a vacuum In a cryogenic environment, a vacuum is an excellent insulating means owing to the efficient cryoadsorption of the surfaces. Given the low gas pressure, this achieves almost inexistent heat conductivity. In addition, heat transfer by radiation from a circuit element operating in the temperature range 1-10 K is low enough for most purposes.
  • cryogenic tunnelling microscopy allow very accurate regula- tion of the measuring head and hence of the distance between the circuit ele ⁇ ments, with a precision even under one nanometre in the z direction, using e.g. a piezoelectric actuator and electronic, magnetic or optic back coupling. This allows the conclusion that movements for controlling and positioning circuit element dis ⁇ tances of some micrometres or some tens of micrometres are relatively easy to perform.
  • a distance between circuit elements of the order of some micrometres allow for electromagnetic communication between the circuit elements, in the ex ⁇ ample above, among other things.
  • Feedback coupling compensates for thermal contraction in the support structures of the circuit elements or in the elements themselves.
  • the prior art references describe various solutions for reading quantum bits and methods for controlling the circuit elements used in such reading, aiming at a minimum distance between the circuit elements.
  • One such reading and control so ⁇ lution is described in published US Patent Application 2003/0193097 A1.
  • the ref- erence describes a circuit element consisting of two substrates coated with a su ⁇ perconductive material. The substrates are spaced by a given small distance and the coupling is either capacitive or inductive.
  • the reference does not mention any substantial heat transfer problem relating to thermal insulation, which would occa ⁇ sionally prevent accurate quantum bit reading.
  • the invention allows the achievement of a circuit solution used in the reading and control of low-temperature electronics and especially quantum-circuit reading and control while minimising thermal loss and power consumption.
  • figure 1 illustrates the principle of the invention.
  • the position of the control circuit having higher temperature (T2) relative to the position of the circuit having low temperature (T1 ) is adjusted by the device P.
  • the circuits are spaced by a vacuum gap having a width d.
  • the adjacent surfaces of the substrates 1 and 2 carry both the circuits essential for the actual operation, e.g. control and quantum circuits, and also positioning circuits.
  • the positioning cir ⁇ cuits enable active position control by means of the device P.
  • the circuit elements are not in mutual mechanical contact, and due to the vacuum gap, heat transfer between the elements takes place by radiation heat transfer. For this reason, the power consumed in the circuit element of higher temperature is mainly dissipated in this element, and radiation heat power emitted through the vacuum can almost be ignored.
  • the distance is adjusted by means of a feedback coupling.
  • a feedback control can be performed e.g. by means of a piezoelec ⁇ tric actuator, which achieves nanometric positioning accuracy and thus controls a distance between the circuit elements of micrometric order of magnitude with rela- tive ease.
  • Capacitive or inductive sensor elements disposed in the circuit elements are used for monitoring the positioning.

Abstract

The invention is a method for thermal insulation of a sensitive electronic measuring device or arrangement used at low temperatures, in which insulation is performed with an active vacuum layer and the distance is controlled by active coupling or optionally passive coupling. The distance control takes place e.g. by feedback coupling, allowing the use of e.g. a piezoelectric actuator for the control.

Description

Method for thermal insulation of a coupling
The invention is a method for thermal insulation of a sensitive electronic measur¬ ing device or arrangement used at low temperatures, the insulation being per- formed by means of a vacuum layer and using distance regulation by means of ac¬ tive coupling or optionally by means of passive coupling.
If the temperature difference between two circuits is significant, mechanical or gal¬ vanic contact between the circuits is typically undesired (unacceptable). The in¬ vention allows for thermal insulation of two circuit elements at different tempera- tures and also for minimum thermal loss during electronic, magnetic or optic com¬ munication. A preferred embodiment of the invention comprises control and read¬ ing of a superconductive electronic circuit operating preferably at a temperature under 50 mK, such an embodiment being applicable to quantum computation and quantum computers, among other things. Such a quantum bit circuit is controlled by superconductive circuit elements, which typically operate in liquid helium at a temperature of 4.2 K and generate an approx. 106 fold surplus of heat for the heat flux to be completely absorbed into the quantum bit circuit.
In a cryogenic environment, a vacuum is an excellent insulating means owing to the efficient cryoadsorption of the surfaces. Given the low gas pressure, this achieves almost inexistent heat conductivity. In addition, heat transfer by radiation from a circuit element operating in the temperature range 1-10 K is low enough for most purposes.
The developments of cryogenic tunnelling microscopy allow very accurate regula- tion of the measuring head and hence of the distance between the circuit ele¬ ments, with a precision even under one nanometre in the z direction, using e.g. a piezoelectric actuator and electronic, magnetic or optic back coupling. This allows the conclusion that movements for controlling and positioning circuit element dis¬ tances of some micrometres or some tens of micrometres are relatively easy to perform. A distance between circuit elements of the order of some micrometres allow for electromagnetic communication between the circuit elements, in the ex¬ ample above, among other things. Feedback coupling compensates for thermal contraction in the support structures of the circuit elements or in the elements themselves. The prior art references describe various solutions for reading quantum bits and methods for controlling the circuit elements used in such reading, aiming at a minimum distance between the circuit elements. One such reading and control so¬ lution is described in published US Patent Application 2003/0193097 A1. The ref- erence describes a circuit element consisting of two substrates coated with a su¬ perconductive material. The substrates are spaced by a given small distance and the coupling is either capacitive or inductive. The reference does not mention any substantial heat transfer problem relating to thermal insulation, which would occa¬ sionally prevent accurate quantum bit reading.
The invention allows the achievement of a circuit solution used in the reading and control of low-temperature electronics and especially quantum-circuit reading and control while minimising thermal loss and power consumption.
The operation of the invention is explained below with reference to the accompa¬ nying drawing, in which figure 1 illustrates the principle of the invention.
The position of the control circuit having higher temperature (T2) relative to the position of the circuit having low temperature (T1 ) is adjusted by the device P. The circuits are spaced by a vacuum gap having a width d. The adjacent surfaces of the substrates 1 and 2 carry both the circuits essential for the actual operation, e.g. control and quantum circuits, and also positioning circuits. The positioning cir¬ cuits enable active position control by means of the device P.
The circuit elements are not in mutual mechanical contact, and due to the vacuum gap, heat transfer between the elements takes place by radiation heat transfer. For this reason, the power consumed in the circuit element of higher temperature is mainly dissipated in this element, and radiation heat power emitted through the vacuum can almost be ignored.
In the solution of the invention, the distance is adjusted by means of a feedback coupling. Such feedback control can be performed e.g. by means of a piezoelec¬ tric actuator, which achieves nanometric positioning accuracy and thus controls a distance between the circuit elements of micrometric order of magnitude with rela- tive ease. Capacitive or inductive sensor elements disposed in the circuit elements are used for monitoring the positioning.
The invention may vary within the scope of the following claims.

Claims

Claims
1. A method for thermal insulation of a sensitive electronic measuring device or arrangement used at low temperatures, characterised in that insulation is carried out using a vacuum layer.
2. A method as defined in claim 1 , characterised in that the distance between communicating circuits, the vacuum layer thickness, is controlled using back cou¬ pling so as to allow data transfer between the circuits.
3. A method as defined in any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the distance between the circuits is preferably in the range 1-50 μm.
4. A method as defined in any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the control device is preferably a piezoelectric actuator.
5. A method as defined in any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the invention is used for reading and controlling the state of a superconductive quan- turn bit circuit operating preferably at a temperature under 50 mK.
PCT/FI2005/000362 2004-08-24 2005-08-23 Method for thermal insulation of a coupling WO2006021611A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20041109 2004-08-24
FI20041109A FI118910B (en) 2004-08-24 2004-08-24 Method of thermal insulation of a coupling

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006021611A1 true WO2006021611A1 (en) 2006-03-02

Family

ID=32922130

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2005/000362 WO2006021611A1 (en) 2004-08-24 2005-08-23 Method for thermal insulation of a coupling

Country Status (2)

Country Link
FI (1) FI118910B (en)
WO (1) WO2006021611A1 (en)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0283476A (en) * 1988-09-20 1990-03-23 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd Cryostat for squid
DE19519480A1 (en) * 1995-05-27 1996-11-28 Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh Magnetic flux sensor appts. for local magnetic flux change determn. in magnetic field
JPH08327714A (en) * 1995-05-30 1996-12-13 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> Method and apparatus for evaluating material using minute-magnetic-field measuring means
US6320369B1 (en) * 1998-10-07 2001-11-20 Nec Corporation Superconducting current measuring circuit having detection loop
US20030207766A1 (en) * 2002-05-03 2003-11-06 Daniel Esteve Superconducting quantum-bit device based on josephson junctions

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0283476A (en) * 1988-09-20 1990-03-23 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd Cryostat for squid
DE19519480A1 (en) * 1995-05-27 1996-11-28 Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh Magnetic flux sensor appts. for local magnetic flux change determn. in magnetic field
JPH08327714A (en) * 1995-05-30 1996-12-13 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> Method and apparatus for evaluating material using minute-magnetic-field measuring means
US6320369B1 (en) * 1998-10-07 2001-11-20 Nec Corporation Superconducting current measuring circuit having detection loop
US20030207766A1 (en) * 2002-05-03 2003-11-06 Daniel Esteve Superconducting quantum-bit device based on josephson junctions

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 199018, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1990-135732 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 014, no. 283 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1997, no. 04 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI20041109A0 (en) 2004-08-24
FI118910B (en) 2008-04-30
FI20041109A (en) 2006-02-25

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