WO2006021404A1 - Procede de production d'une figurine - Google Patents

Procede de production d'une figurine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006021404A1
WO2006021404A1 PCT/EP2005/009053 EP2005009053W WO2006021404A1 WO 2006021404 A1 WO2006021404 A1 WO 2006021404A1 EP 2005009053 W EP2005009053 W EP 2005009053W WO 2006021404 A1 WO2006021404 A1 WO 2006021404A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
workpiece
laser
original
model
figurine
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2005/009053
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Andreas Reinhardt
Bernd Hoyer
Original Assignee
Andreas Reinhardt
Bernd Hoyer
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Andreas Reinhardt, Bernd Hoyer filed Critical Andreas Reinhardt
Publication of WO2006021404A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006021404A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
    • A63H9/00—Special methods or compositions for the manufacture of dolls, toy animals, toy figures, or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
    • B29C33/3835—Designing moulds, e.g. using CAD-CAM
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/30—Organic material
    • B23K2103/36—Wood or similar materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/30—Organic material
    • B23K2103/42—Plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26

Definitions

  • figurines are considered to be real, three-dimensional reproductions of an original.
  • personalized objects as dolls being a scaled, real, three- dimensional reproduction of at least a port of a person or of an animal, are denoted as figurines.
  • figurines e. g. personalized objects
  • toys for instance in a scale of 1 :18, 1 :16 or 1 :12.
  • single prototypes of the figurines are produced initially; an arbitrary number of figurines can be produced subsequently, for example by injection die casting.
  • the invention is based on the problem to specify a method for producing three- dimensional figurines to scale, according to which an at least partially true-to- original and to-scale reproduction of an original, in particular of a person, can be produced cost-effectively and fast.
  • the problem is solved by a method comprising the combination of features given in claim 1.
  • Material is ablated from the workpiece by means of a laser emitted by the laser unit, wherein the workpiece is moved in relation to the laser unit and/or the laser unit is moved in relation to the workpiece, so that a scaled reproduction of the corresponding area of the original is created at least from parts of the workpiece.
  • a workpiece which consists of a polymer plastic or of a material containing lignin. It has been found that polymer plasties are surprisingly suitable very well for ablating by means of a laser and in particular can be partially ablated well in case of an advantageous guidance of the laser.
  • a delta head is used as said workpiece or said workpiece comprises a delta head.
  • delta heads are considered to be real, three-dimensional, approximately spherical models being suitable for letting emerge three-dimensional reproductions of faces by ablating material.
  • a delta head comprises the planned real model as well as the ablation not performed yet. It has proven advantageous to use a manageable number of different delta heads whose size, color and shape are matching the ethnicity of the originals to be reproduced and the scale to which the original is to be reproduced. It has proven to be not useful to differentiate between genders in the standardization. Savings of time and costs result from this refinement of the method according to the invention, in particular for the production of huge figurines.
  • a workpiece is used that is at least partially dyed or colored.
  • figurines can be produced whose color is matching ethnic attributes as race, color of the skin or ethnicity of the human original to be reproduced.
  • a coloring process is performed after producing the figurine or a part of the figurine. This way, particularly eyes, - -
  • lips and other body regions that differ in terms of color from the basic color of the human original can be reproduced personally.
  • a laser color printing process, an ink jet process or any other printing process is especially preferred.
  • Another embodiment of the method according to the invention provides for that a one-axis-ablation, a two-axes-ablation or a three-axes-ablation is carried out.
  • a one-axis-ablation a process has to be considered where the laser is guided in parallel and the workpiece is processed punctually or linearly, in particular line by line, wherein the laser is guided across different locations of the workpiece with different speeds and/or different intensities.
  • the workpiece is moved solely within that plane whose normal is in parallel with the laser beam or the workpiece is fixed and the laser beam is guided across the workpiece line by line in parallel. The smaller the speed by which the laser is guided across a small area of the workpiece or the longer the laser is directed onto this area the larger the ablation of material performed in this area.
  • a process has to be considered where the laser first is guided in parallel along a first direction and the workpiece is processed punctually or linearly, in particular line by line, wherein the laser is guided across different locations of the workpiece with different speeds and/or different intensities.
  • the workpiece is moved both in the plane whose normal is in parallel with the laser beam and within a second plane or the workpiece is fixed initially and the laser beam is guided across the workpiece line by line in parallel and, subsequently, the workpiece is rotated around an axis not in parallel with the laser beam. Subsequently, the laser beam is guided across the workpiece line by line again.
  • the laser beam is guided in parallel across the workpiece from two different directions.
  • the laser beam is guided across the workpiece line by line from three different directions.
  • the three directions are the coordinate axes of an orthogonal coordinate system.
  • the three-axes- ablation indeed not all possible arbitrary undercuts can be created, but for the purpose of producing usual figurines simple undercuts can be produced if even necessary. It is also possible to guide the laser beam across the workpiece line by line in parallel from more than three different respective directions. Also, it is possible to choose the different parallel directions such that they do not form the coordinate axes of an orthogonal coordinate system.
  • Another embodiment of the method according to the invention provides for that a scaled representation of a part of the original, in particular of its face, is created from the workpiece. Especially preferred is to create only the real 3D reproduction of the face of the person to be reproduced. This way, the production time and thus the production costs for the figurines are considerably reduced, because the figurines can be precast insofar that only the head of the figurine has to be modeled by ablating subsequently.
  • material data and/or geometric data of the workpiece are stored in the calculation unit and/or in the control unit and are processed by it.
  • the geometry and the nature of the workpiece and on the other hand the geometry of the geometry of the figurine to be produced are stored as data.
  • the ablation of the workpiece can be carried out by a controlling software, without a closed loop control being necessary by which the respective actual progress of the ablation, i. e. its respective depth and quality, would have to be measured.
  • a remote data transmission is performed using the transmission unit. It is especially preferred to perform this - -
  • a particularly preferred embodiment provides for that the virtual 3D model and/or the scale of the virtual 3D model is modified.
  • This embodiment is particularly advantageous if the virtual 3D model is visualized on a monitor using suitable software before producing the figurine, so that the customer can make corrections or modifications to the virtual 3D model according to his wishes. This way it is also possible to apply logos or writings at the figurine to be produced or to modify its colors.
  • Another embodiment provides for that an application of material is performed onto at least a part of the workpiece. In doing so, it is possible to perform the application partially in addition to the laser ablation, i. e. in addition to ablating material in other areas. Alternatively, it is also possible to perform the application instead of the laser ablation, i. e. without ablating material. In the latter case, the delta head has to be designed such that it is smaller than the real 3D model to be produced of the face. Said embodiment of the invention enables producing figurines where the delta head used is too small at least in partial areas. For this embodiment of the invention the known laser application methods or the known laser joining methods are applicable for example.
  • At least one additional data set relating to the original is used besides of the 2D images when calculating the virtual 3D model by means of the calculation unit.
  • Another preferred embodiment is designed such that that single partitions of a figurine are produced first, and that said single partitions are mounted to a figurine subsequently.
  • the single partitions are marked for said subsequent mounting.
  • single markers are placed onto the partitions, so that the subsequent mounting and/or order of mounting are determined exactly.
  • said mounting is performed by joining, in particular according to DIN 8580 and 8593, or screwing.
  • a top and a bottom are produced and joined or mutually glued subsequently.
  • Figure 1 a schematic representation of an apparatus for performing the method according to the invention
  • Figure 7 a schematic representation of one variant of a data transformation.
  • a workpiece 3 to be processed is fixated in a reception facility 2 being arranged on a table 1.
  • the laser unit 4 comprising a laser head 4.1 that serves for emitting a laser beam 4.2.
  • a recording unit 5 two-dimensional digital images of a person not shown, called an original 9, who is to be scaled down in form of a figurine.
  • the data sets belonging to the two-dimensional digital images of the original 9 are transferable from the recording unit 5 to a calculation unit 6.
  • a data storage 11 is arranged in which data concerning size, material and appearance of the workpiece 3 are deposited amongst others. Furthermore, additional data belonging to the original 9 are deposited in the data storage 11.
  • the calculation unit 6 serves for processing the data related to the original 9 from the recording unit 5 and the data related to the original 9 from the data storage 11 to a virtual 3D model of the original 9. In doing so, the two-dimensional images of the original 9 are processed, too, wherein these images of the original 9 are taken from different directions.
  • the calculation unit 6 is connected to a transmission unit 7 which serves for transmitting the data calculated by the calculation unit 6 regarding the virtual 3D model to a control unit 8.
  • the control unit 8 is linked to the laser unit 4 as well as to the table 1 comprising the reception facility 2.
  • a laser ablation process is controlled, which serves for processing the workpiece 3 such that a figurine results, the figurine being a to-scale reproduction of the original 9.
  • the laser head 4.1 is driven across the workpiece 3 line by line, wherein the speed is determined by the control unit 8 such that the ablation reaches the punctually calculated necessary depth in the workpiece 3.
  • the workpiece 3 is fixated in another predefined position. Subsequently, the laser beam 4.2 re-runs across the workpiece 3 and performs the laser ablation process from a second direction. After that, the workpiece 3 is fixated in the reception facility 2 in a third position and the laser ablation process is repeated. As a result, a figurine 10 not shown here is worked out from the workpiece 3 by several laser ablation processes.
  • the laser head 4.1 is fixated instead of being movable and that the workpiece 3 is moved in relation to the laser beam 4.2 in the way predefined by the control unit 8 instead of fixating the workpiece 3 in the reception facility 2.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic representation for performing the method according to the invention in an embodiment.
  • a series of two-dimensional digital images of the original 9 is taken from different respective directions by means of the recording unit 5.
  • the original 9 is a customer of whom a reproduction shall be produced to scale as a figurine.
  • the digital 2D images taken by the recording unit 5 are passed to the calculation unit 6.
  • the calculation unit 6 the two- dimensional images are transformed from the original 9 to a virtual 3D model. This transformation is further explained in Figures 6 and 7.
  • the result of the transformation is visualized to the customer, i. e. the original 9, in a modification facility 6.1, wherein the virtual 3D model is displayed on a monitor. With the aid of the modification facility 6.1 changes can be made to the virtual 3D model.
  • the modified virtual 3D model is stored and passed to the control unit 8.
  • the control unit 8 acts on the laser unit 4, the reception facility 2 and, in this example, the table 1 as described for Figure 1 , so that a workpiece 3 feeded to the production unit 1, 2, 4 is processed as described for Figure 1 until a figurine 10 results, the figurine 10 being the real materialization of the virtual 3D model from the calculation unit 6.
  • Figure 3 shows another embodiment of the production facility 1, 2, 4.
  • the reception facility 2 is arranged on the table 1 such that the reception facility 2 is movable in relation to the table 1 in an X-direction and a Y-direction, wherein the laser head 4.1 is arranged rigidly.
  • the ablation for a workpiece 3 not shown here can be performed in a line-by-line control.
  • the workpiece 3 not shown is fixated in a new respective defined position according to a certain predefined sequence after a line-by-line ablation, so that the steps of the method described for Figure 1 can be executed repeatedly one after another.
  • Figure 4 shows an alternative production facility 1, 2, 4.
  • the table 1 and the reception facility 2 are designed such that they are unmovable and merely serve for fixating a workpiece 3.
  • a laser head 4.1 is arranged which is movable along the X-direction and the Y-direction and emits the laser beam 4.2.
  • the laser head 4.1 is rotatable around the Y-axis as well as around the X-direction.
  • the laser head 4.1 is movable along the Z-direction.
  • Figure 5 shows an optional step of the method where initially a part 3.2 is separated from a workpiece 3, the workpiece 3 being a delta head 3.1.
  • the separation of the part 3.2 serves for initially cutting raw lineaments of the figurine to be produced from the workpiece 3 by means of laser cutting. Afterwards, a line-by-line ablation can be carried out as described for the preceding figures.
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic representation of the whole process for producing figurines in a photo-shop.
  • the left column processes are described that are performed by the customer.
  • the middle column data processing steps are described.
  • the right column steps of the production method for producing the figurine are described.
  • Figure 7 shows the schematic workflow of the data transformation.
  • the two- dimensional digital images taken by the recording facility 5 in the JPEG format are transformed to a VRML file.
  • This transformation is a pure image transformation.
  • the VRML files are transformed to an interpolated polygons vector file IPVD.
  • IPVD vector files are transformed to slices; a vector file SPVD results.
  • the data SPVD transformed like this subsequently are transformed to a laser controlling software LSCS which is afterwards passed to the control unit 8 or, if the laser controlling software already comprises all instructions for controlling the production facility 1, 2, 4, to the production facility 1, 2, 4.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé de production d'une figurine à l'échelle selon lequel on saisit, au moyen d'une unité d'enregistrement, des images dans un premier temps bidimensionnelles d'un original destiné à être au moins partiellement reproduit à l'échelle. On calcule ensuite, au moyen d'une unité de calcul, un modèle tridimensionnel virtuel à partir des images bidimensionnelles. On transmet ensuite, au moyen d'une unité de transmission, les données du modèle tridimensionnel à une unité de commande d'une installation de traitement, l'installation de traitement comprenant une unité laser et une table munie d'un mécanisme de réception permettant de fixer une pièce. On enlève du matériau de la pièce au moyen d'un rayon laser émis par l'unité laser, la pièce étant déplacée par rapport à l'unité laser et/ou l'unité laser étant déplacée par rapport à la pièce, de manière à créer une reproduction à l'échelle de la zone correspondante de l'original au moins à partir de parties de la pièce.
PCT/EP2005/009053 2004-08-23 2005-08-22 Procede de production d'une figurine WO2006021404A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004040712.6 2004-08-23
DE102004040712 2004-08-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006021404A1 true WO2006021404A1 (fr) 2006-03-02

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ID=35500754

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2005/009053 WO2006021404A1 (fr) 2004-08-23 2005-08-22 Procede de production d'une figurine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2006021404A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1955619A2 (fr) * 2007-02-06 2008-08-13 La San Marco di Francesco Bugatti & C. S.A.P.A. Procédé pour la fabrication d'accessoires de table et poignées pour couverts, ustensiles de cuisine et similaires
CN109460586A (zh) * 2018-10-22 2019-03-12 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 基于bim的超大铸造雕像制作安装方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3609911A (en) * 1968-04-18 1971-10-05 Schildkrot Ag Fa Flexible limb for a child's doll
US4170726A (en) * 1977-11-15 1979-10-09 Koyo Seiko Company Limited Method of working outer periphery of articles with laser light
US5506607A (en) * 1991-01-25 1996-04-09 Sanders Prototypes Inc. 3-D model maker
US5736201A (en) * 1995-05-12 1998-04-07 Flint; Mary Linda Process for making a doll's head looking like the head of a living person
US20030059268A1 (en) * 2001-06-13 2003-03-27 Michael Zimmermann Milling machine and milling process
US6549819B1 (en) * 2000-06-13 2003-04-15 Larry Dale Danduran Method of producing a three-dimensional image
EP1428563A1 (fr) * 2002-12-13 2004-06-16 M & C Toy Centre Limited Figurine

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3609911A (en) * 1968-04-18 1971-10-05 Schildkrot Ag Fa Flexible limb for a child's doll
US4170726A (en) * 1977-11-15 1979-10-09 Koyo Seiko Company Limited Method of working outer periphery of articles with laser light
US5506607A (en) * 1991-01-25 1996-04-09 Sanders Prototypes Inc. 3-D model maker
US5736201A (en) * 1995-05-12 1998-04-07 Flint; Mary Linda Process for making a doll's head looking like the head of a living person
US6549819B1 (en) * 2000-06-13 2003-04-15 Larry Dale Danduran Method of producing a three-dimensional image
US20030059268A1 (en) * 2001-06-13 2003-03-27 Michael Zimmermann Milling machine and milling process
EP1428563A1 (fr) * 2002-12-13 2004-06-16 M & C Toy Centre Limited Figurine

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1955619A2 (fr) * 2007-02-06 2008-08-13 La San Marco di Francesco Bugatti & C. S.A.P.A. Procédé pour la fabrication d'accessoires de table et poignées pour couverts, ustensiles de cuisine et similaires
EP1955619A3 (fr) * 2007-02-06 2009-10-28 La San Marco di Francesco Bugatti & C. S.A.P.A. Procédé pour la fabrication d'accessoires de table et poignées pour couverts, ustensiles de cuisine et similaires
CN109460586A (zh) * 2018-10-22 2019-03-12 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 基于bim的超大铸造雕像制作安装方法
CN109460586B (zh) * 2018-10-22 2023-06-13 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 基于bim的超大铸造雕像制作安装方法

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