WO2006015998A1 - Tool and method for polishing optical surfaces - Google Patents

Tool and method for polishing optical surfaces Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006015998A1
WO2006015998A1 PCT/ES2005/070108 ES2005070108W WO2006015998A1 WO 2006015998 A1 WO2006015998 A1 WO 2006015998A1 ES 2005070108 W ES2005070108 W ES 2005070108W WO 2006015998 A1 WO2006015998 A1 WO 2006015998A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
polishing
tool
elastic sheet
rigid body
face
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2005/070108
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Juan Carlos DÜRSTELER LÓPEZ
Agustín SAVALL FREIXENET
Francisco GONZÁLEZ ALCÁNTARA
Enric Fontdecaba Baig
Juan Esteban Palomar Burdeus
Original Assignee
Indo Internacional, S. A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Indo Internacional, S. A. filed Critical Indo Internacional, S. A.
Priority to EP05774477A priority Critical patent/EP1787752A4/en
Priority to US11/573,199 priority patent/US20080047301A1/en
Publication of WO2006015998A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006015998A1/en

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B13/00Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
    • B24B13/01Specific tools, e.g. bowl-like; Production, dressing or fastening of these tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B13/00Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
    • B24B13/02Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor by means of tools with abrading surfaces corresponding in shape with the lenses to be made
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24DTOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D9/00Wheels or drums supporting in exchangeable arrangement a layer of flexible abrasive material, e.g. sandpaper
    • B24D9/08Circular back-plates for carrying flexible material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tool for polishing optical surfaces comprising a rigid body provided with a polishing face, at least as large as an optical surface to be polished, and an elastic sheet disposed between said polishing face and the optical surface a Polish.
  • the invention also relates to a method that uses such a tool.
  • the machining operation can provide a lens surface that adjusts quite precisely to the desired final shape;
  • the polishing operation of these lenses is intended to reduce the average roughness Ra of the surface to values between 0.002 and 0.005 ⁇ n, but without altering or deforming the mechanized shape. Therefore, the effect of the polishing operation must be very well controlled.
  • polishing tools have been developed in which the polishing surface can be adapted to some extent to the shape of the lens to be polished: for example, US3583111 describes a tool for a refining operation that has a curved base surface, on which an elastic pad is applied; and patent EP1249397 describes a tool for polishing atoric optical surfaces, in which a surface Rigid base arranged under a layer of elastic material is O-ring, which allows to match more tightly with an atoric lens surface to be polished, and therefore generally allows a greater degree of precision.
  • An objective of the present invention is to provide a tool for polishing optical surfaces, and a method for polishing complex optical surfaces such as atoric surfaces and "free forms", that is, progressive surfaces and surfaces of this type to which in addition an O-ring or atoric surface is superimposed, with which at least the aforementioned inconveniences are reduced.
  • the present invention relates to a tool for polishing optical surfaces of the type defined in the introduction, which is characterized by the fact that the polishing face of the rigid body it is configured as a portion of a geometric surface, said geometric surface being defined by at least three parameters.
  • the tool can adapt more closely to the shape of an optical surface to be polished, especially in the case of surfaces with free shapes, and can be more precise than the tools existing in the uniform polishing of the entire surface of the lens, including the areas near the edges and the center of the optical surface.
  • said geometric surface is an atoric surface.
  • said atoric surface is a surface of revolution;
  • the generator of said atoric surface is an ellipse.
  • the elastic sheet may comprise a first layer of flexible material, of a thickness of at least 3 mm, and a second layer of polishing material;
  • the first layer of flexible material preferably has a thickness of between 3 and 15 mm, for example between 3 and 8 mm.
  • the elastic sheet is provided separated from said rigid body and comprises an adhesive film covered with a removable protective paper.
  • said elastic sheet may comprise means for its removal from the polishing face after use.
  • the invention relates to a method for polishing optical surfaces, characterized by the fact that it comprises the following steps:
  • A provide a polishing tool comprising a rigid body, said body being provided with a polishing face at least as large as an optical surface to be polished and configured as a portion of a geometric surface that is defined by at least three parameters;
  • B apply an elastic sheet to said polishing face;
  • C polishing at least one optical surface with said tool, based on contacting an optical surface with the tool and causing a relative movement between the two while applying a predetermined pressure, for a predetermined time; and (D) change said elastic sheet before polishing other optical surfaces.
  • Said step (A) of providing a polishing tool preferably comprises determining by means of the method of least squares the parameters of the atoric surface that fits more precisely to the optical surface to be polished, and selecting from a set of available tools the tool that It has a polishing face with parameters closer to those determined by the least squares method.
  • said step (B) of applying an elastic sheet to the polishing face is carried out by means of a tool comprising a support for the rigid body and means for pressing the elastic sheet against the body with a predetermined pressure
  • a tool comprising a support for the rigid body and means for pressing the elastic sheet against the body with a predetermined pressure
  • said means for pressing the elastic sheet against the rigid body comprise a cylindrical silicone block of medium hardness;
  • a single silicone block is enough to exert pressure against a whole set of rigid bodies, without the need to have a counter-body for each body.
  • Figures 1a and 1b show a tool according to an embodiment of the invention, respectively with the two components separated and assembled;
  • Figure 2 shows a detail of the elastic sheet of the tool of Figures 1a and 1b;
  • a polishing tool according to the invention comprises an essentially cylindrical rigid body 10 having a mounting side 11, intended to mount the tool with conventional means in a polishing device, and a face polishing 12, opposite the mounting side.
  • the diameter of the rigid body 10 is similar to that of the optical surface to be polished, or preferably larger.
  • the polishing face 12 of the rigid body is a curved surface, which is configured as a portion of a complex geometric surface that is defined by at least three parameters.
  • the polishing face is convex and is a portion of an atoric surface.
  • the parameters that define said atoric surface depend on the shape of the optical surface to be polished; Your determination will be described later.
  • polishing face can also be concave, depending on the curvature of the optical surface to be polished.
  • the elastic sheet 20 comprises a first layer of flexible material 21, which is relatively thick and is applied on the polishing surface 12, and a second layer of polishing material 22, which is thinner than said first layer 21 and constitutes the outer surface of the sheet 20, intended to come into contact with the optical surface to be polished.
  • a suitable material for the first layer 21 is a physically crosslinked polyolefin foam, for example a foam with a density of 40 kg / m 3 and a 50% compressive strength of 95 kPa.
  • Another suitable material for said first layer 21 is a closed-cell polyurethane foam of Shore 00 hardness less than 50 chemically foamed.
  • the first layer 21 ideally has a thickness of at least 3 mm; a thickness of less than 8 mm should be sufficient for the great majority of applications, although depending on the hardness of the material it could reach thicknesses of up to 15 mm, which would allow a smaller number of different tools to be used.
  • the second layer 22 is made of felt or other similar material, which can be natural or synthetic. These materials are well known in the polishing of optical lenses, and have the function of retaining the abrasive particles contained in suspension in the polishing liquid.
  • the second layer 22 is firmly fixed to the first flexible layer 21, for example by means of an adhesive 23.
  • the elastic sheet 20 also comprises an adhesive film 24 applied on the surface intended to be in contact with the polishing face 12 of the rigid body 10, and a protective layer 25 that is removed when the elastic sheet 20 must be applied to the polishing face 12 of the rigid body 10.
  • a method for polishing an optical surface with this tool comprises selecting a rigid body 10 having an atoric polishing face that is appropriate for the optical surface to be polished, from a set of rigid bodies; apply an elastic sheet 20 to the polishing face of the selected rigid body 10 and place it in a polishing machine; and apply a predetermined pressure and relative movement between the tool and the optical surface, for a predetermined period of time. After this, the elastic sheet 20 can be removed from the rigid body and replaced by another sheet. This change can be made after polishing each optical lens, or a small number of lenses, for example between two and five, can be polished with the same sheet 20, before changing it.
  • a set of rigid bodies intended to be used in the polishing process is provided, each of which has a polishing face configured as a portion of a geometric surface that is defined by at least three parameters; to simplify, in general only atoric surfaces of revolution will be used, and more particularly those generated by an ellipse that runs through a circle.
  • a surface of this type requires three parameters to be defined: the semi-axes (a, b) of the ellipse that generates the atoric surface, and the radius (R) of the circumference.
  • a representation of the parameters of such a surface is shown in Figure 3.
  • the atoric surface is determined by the method of least squares that fits more precisely to the shape of the lens ("best atoric surface").
  • the following table summarizes the results of this determination, for three different prescriptions Pr1, Pr2 and Pr3.
  • Each prescription also overlaps the particular design of the progressive lens;
  • the resulting lens is defined by means of a certain number of points, for each of which the distance of a given plane is represented. In these examples, the determination was made based on surfaces defined by 90000 points.
  • the last column of the table shows the chi-square value for each example, that is, the sum of the squares of the errors between the points of the surface to be polished and the corresponding points of the best atoric surface.
  • a tool is selected from a plurality of available tools that have atoric polishing faces; In each case, a tool will be selected that has parameters a, b and R as close as possible to those determined with the least squares method.
  • the elastic sheet provides a certain degree of adaptation between the polishing face of the rigid body and the optical surface to be polished, and therefore allows to provide very good results in the polishing operation without the need to provide a very large number. high of tools with different atoric surfaces.
  • a comparative example has been carried out, to show the advantage of using an atoric polishing surface.
  • the best toric surface has also been determined, that is, the toric surface that fits more precisely to the shape of the lens to be polished, for the same prescriptions and the same progressive lens designs indicated above, also by the method of least squares;
  • the following table summarizes the results, that is, the parameters at 1 and b 1 (radii of the two circumferences) of the best toric surface for each example, and the corresponding chi-square value.
  • polishing operation with a tool having an atoric surface of this type will provide a better result in terms of maintaining the mechanized lens shape than if the polishing operation was carried out using an toric tool.
  • an elastic sheet 20 is applied to said body.
  • This operation can be carried out manually, but for a better result it is preferable to apply the sheet 20 by a small press: the rigid body is it is placed in the press and the sheet 20, from which the protective layer 25 has been previously detached, it is placed in position on the polishing face 21; then the press is lowered, so that a curved rubber cylinder that fits only approximately to the curvature of the rigid body and that has a diameter greater than that of a rigid body, or preferably a cylindrical silicone block of medium hardness , presses the elastic sheet 20 against the rigid body 10 causing it to adhere firmly.
  • the diameter of said silicone block is preferably greater than that of the rigid body 10 and the end of the block that presses the sheet is concave, in case the surface 12 is convex; in this way a single silicone block is sufficient for a whole set of rigid convex bodies.
  • Said silicone block is, as indicated, of medium hardness and preferably about 50 mm high.
  • the operation of removing the elastic sheet from the rigid body after use can be performed manually, by stretching from the protruding flange 26, or by means of a simple tool.
  • the parameters of the polishing process for polishing a lens of organic material of 70 mm in diameter may be the following: - inclination between the axis of rotation of the lens and the axis of the tool: 0 or 5 or , preferably 3 or
  • the elastic sheet 20 could be applied and maintained on the rigid body by other appropriate means, other than an adhesive film.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a tool for polishing optical surfaces, comprising a rigid body (10) which is equipped with a polishing face (12) and an elastic sheet (20) which is disposed between the polishing face (12) and the optical surface to be polished. According to the invention, the polishing face (12) of the rigid body (10) takes the form of a portion of a geometric surface which is defined by at least three parameters. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the aforementioned surface is atoric. The inventive method consists in selecting the above-mentioned tool from a set of available tools, applying an elastic sheet (20) thereto, polishing at least one optical surface and changing the elastic sheet (20) before polishing other optical surfaces. The original shape is maintained with greater precision in relation to the entire surface to be polished, but particularly close to the edges and/or at the centre thereof.

Description

Herramienta v procedimiento para pulir superficies ópticasTool and procedure for polishing optical surfaces
La presente invención se refiere a una herramienta para pulir superficies ópticas que comprende un cuerpo rígido provisto de una cara de pulido, al menos tan grande como una superficie óptica a pulir, y una lámina elástica dispuesta entre dicha cara de pulido y Ia superficie óptica a pulir. La invención también se refiere a un procedimiento que utiliza una herramienta de este tipo.The present invention relates to a tool for polishing optical surfaces comprising a rigid body provided with a polishing face, at least as large as an optical surface to be polished, and an elastic sheet disposed between said polishing face and the optical surface a Polish. The invention also relates to a method that uses such a tool.
ANTECEDENTES DE LAINVENCIÓNBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
En el campo de Ia fabricación de lentes ópticas es conocido el pulir una superficie de una lente, previamente mecanizada, mediante una herramienta de pulido.In the field of optical lens manufacturing it is known to polish a surface of a lens, previously machined, by means of a polishing tool.
Un tipo convencional de herramienta de pulido comprende una superficie de soporte esférica con un diámetro similar al de Ia lente a pulir, sobre Ia cual se aplica un material de pulido, tal como fieltro. La herramienta se pone en contacto con Ia lente, y Ia superficie de Ia lente se pule mediante el efecto combinado de una presión entre Ia herramienta y Ia lente y un movimiento orbital entre ambas, con Ia ayuda de un abrasivo en suspensión.A conventional type of polishing tool comprises a spherical support surface with a diameter similar to that of the lens to be polished, on which a polishing material, such as felt, is applied. The tool is put in contact with the lens, and the surface of the lens is polished by the combined effect of a pressure between the tool and the lens and an orbital movement between the two, with the help of an abrasive in suspension.
Gracias a los desarrollos que se han producido durante los últimos años en las técnicas de mecanización, ahora Ia operación de mecanizado puede proporcionar una superficie de lente que se ajusta con bastante precisión a Ia forma final deseada; como resultado, Ia operación de pulido de estas lentes está destinada a reducir Ia rugosidad media Ra de Ia superficie hasta valores de entre 0,002 y 0,005 μn, pero sin alterar o deformar Ia forma mecanizada. Por consiguiente el efecto de Ia operación de pulido debe estar muy bien controlado.Thanks to the developments that have occurred during the last years in the mechanization techniques, now the machining operation can provide a lens surface that adjusts quite precisely to the desired final shape; As a result, the polishing operation of these lenses is intended to reduce the average roughness Ra of the surface to values between 0.002 and 0.005 μn, but without altering or deforming the mechanized shape. Therefore, the effect of the polishing operation must be very well controlled.
Se han desarrollado algunas herramientas de pulido en las cuales Ia superficie de pulido puede adaptarse en cierta medida a Ia forma de Ia lente a pulir: por ejemplo, Ia patente US3583111 describe una herramienta para una operación de afinado que tiene una superficie curvada de base, sobre Ia cual se aplica una almohadilla elástica; y Ia patente EP1249397 describe una herramienta para pulir superficies ópticas atóricas, en Ia cual una superficie de base rígida dispuesta bajo una capa de material elástico es de forma tórica, Io cual permite hacer coincidir de modo más ajustado con una superficie de lente atórica a pulir, y por consiguiente en general permite un mayor grado de precisión.Some polishing tools have been developed in which the polishing surface can be adapted to some extent to the shape of the lens to be polished: for example, US3583111 describes a tool for a refining operation that has a curved base surface, on which an elastic pad is applied; and patent EP1249397 describes a tool for polishing atoric optical surfaces, in which a surface Rigid base arranged under a layer of elastic material is O-ring, which allows to match more tightly with an atoric lens surface to be polished, and therefore generally allows a greater degree of precision.
Sin embargo, a fin de evitar cualquier cambio en Ia forma mecanizada tendría que haber un contacto perfecto entre Ia superficie de pulido y Ia superficie de Ia lente, y esto es posible sólo con lentes que tienen simetría de revolución: superficies esféricas y tóricas.However, in order to avoid any change in the mechanized form, there should be a perfect contact between the polishing surface and the surface of the lens, and this is possible only with lenses that have revolution symmetry: spherical and toric surfaces.
Incluso Ia herramienta conocida por EP1249397, que en general mantiene bastante bien Ia forma original mecanizada de una lente atórica, tiende a frotar demasiado o demasiado poco en ciertas zonas, especialmente cerca de los bordes de Ia lente y en Ia zona más cercana al centro, y por consiguiente Ia lente tiende a quedar ligeramente deformada, o bien a quedar demasiado rugosa, en estas zonas.Even the tool known by EP1249397, which generally maintains the original mechanized form of an atoric lens quite well, tends to rub too much or too little in certain areas, especially near the edges of the lens and in the area closest to the center, and therefore the lens tends to be slightly deformed, or to be too rough, in these areas.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Un objetivo de Ia presente invención es proporcionar una herramienta para pulir superficies ópticas, y un procedimiento para pulir superficies ópticas complejas tales como superficies atóricas y formas libres ("free forms"), es decir, superficies progresivas y superficies de este tipo a las que además se superpone una superficie tórica o atórica, con los cuales al menos se reduzcan los inconvenientes mencionados.An objective of the present invention is to provide a tool for polishing optical surfaces, and a method for polishing complex optical surfaces such as atoric surfaces and "free forms", that is, progressive surfaces and surfaces of this type to which in addition an O-ring or atoric surface is superimposed, with which at least the aforementioned inconveniences are reduced.
En particular, sería deseable mantener en Io posible Ia forma original de Ia superficie a pulir en toda Ia extensión de Ia superficie de Ia lente, incluidos los bordes y/o Ia zona central de Ia misma.In particular, it would be desirable to maintain as far as possible the original shape of the surface to be polished to the full extent of the surface of the lens, including the edges and / or the central area thereof.
También sería deseable proporcionar una herramienta y un procedimiento con los cuales Ia operación de pulido pueda llevarse a cabo de manera fiable y rápida sobre una amplia variedad de superficies ópticas.It would also be desirable to provide a tool and a procedure with which the polishing operation can be carried out reliably and quickly on a wide variety of optical surfaces.
De acuerdo con un primer aspecto, Ia presente invención se refiere a una herramienta para pulir superficies ópticas del tipo definido en Ia introducción, que se caracteriza por el hecho de que Ia cara de pulido del cuerpo rígido está configurada como una porción de una superficie geométrica, quedando definida dicha superficie geométrica por al menos tres parámetros.In accordance with a first aspect, the present invention relates to a tool for polishing optical surfaces of the type defined in the introduction, which is characterized by the fact that the polishing face of the rigid body it is configured as a portion of a geometric surface, said geometric surface being defined by at least three parameters.
Gracias a estas características, Ia herramienta puede adaptarse de modo más ajustado a Ia forma de una superficie óptica a pulir, sobre todo en el caso de superficies con formas libres, y puede ser más precisa que las herramientas existentes en el pulido uniforme de toda Ia superficie de Ia lente, incluyendo las zonas cerca de los bordes y el centro de Ia superficie óptica.Thanks to these characteristics, the tool can adapt more closely to the shape of an optical surface to be polished, especially in the case of surfaces with free shapes, and can be more precise than the tools existing in the uniform polishing of the entire surface of the lens, including the areas near the edges and the center of the optical surface.
En realizaciones de Ia invención, dicha superficie geométrica es una superficie atórica.In embodiments of the invention, said geometric surface is an atoric surface.
Preferiblemente dicha superficie atórica es una superficie de revolución; en una realización ventajosa, Ia generatriz de dicha superficie atórica es una elipse.Preferably said atoric surface is a surface of revolution; In an advantageous embodiment, the generator of said atoric surface is an ellipse.
La lámina elástica puede comprender una primera capa de material flexible, de un espesor de al menos 3 mm, y una segunda capa de material de pulido; Ia primera capa de material flexible tiene preferiblemente un espesor de entre 3 y 15 mm, por ejemplo de entre 3 y 8 mm.The elastic sheet may comprise a first layer of flexible material, of a thickness of at least 3 mm, and a second layer of polishing material; The first layer of flexible material preferably has a thickness of between 3 and 15 mm, for example between 3 and 8 mm.
En realizaciones preferidas de Ia invención, Ia lámina elástica se proporciona separada de dicho cuerpo rígido y comprende una película adhesiva cubierta con un papel de protección retirable.In preferred embodiments of the invention, the elastic sheet is provided separated from said rigid body and comprises an adhesive film covered with a removable protective paper.
Esto permite almacenar las láminas elásticas antes de su uso, y aplicarlas a una herramienta de pulido cuando sea necesario, de forma rápida y simple. A fin de facilitar el cambio de Ia lámina elástica aplicada a una herramienta, dicha lámina elástica puede comprender medios para su retirada de Ia cara de pulido después de su uso.This allows storing the elastic sheets before use, and applying them to a polishing tool when necessary, quickly and simply. In order to facilitate the change of the elastic sheet applied to a tool, said elastic sheet may comprise means for its removal from the polishing face after use.
De acuerdo con un segundo aspecto, Ia invención se refiere a un procedimiento para pulir superficies ópticas, que se caracteriza por el hecho de que comprende las siguientes etapas:According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a method for polishing optical surfaces, characterized by the fact that it comprises the following steps:
(A) proporcionar una herramienta de pulido que comprende un cuerpo rígido, estando provisto dicho cuerpo de una cara de pulido al menos tan grande como una superficie óptica a pulir y configurada como una porción de una superficie geométrica que queda definida por al menos tres parámetros; (B) aplicar una lámina elástica a dicha cara de pulido; (C) pulir al menos una superficie óptica con dicha herramienta, a base de poner en contacto una superficie óptica con Ia herramienta y provocar un movimiento relativo entre ambas mientras se aplica una presión predeterminada, durante un tiempo predeterminado; y (D) cambiar dicha lámina elástica antes de pulir otras superficies ópticas. Dicha etapa (A) de proporcionar una herramienta de pulido preferiblemente comprende determinar mediante el método de mínimos cuadrados los parámetros de Ia superficie atórica que se ajusta con más precisión a Ia superficie óptica a pulir, y seleccionar de un conjunto de herramientas disponibles Ia herramienta que tiene una cara de pulido con parámetros más próximos a los determinados por el métodos de mínimos cuadrados.(A) provide a polishing tool comprising a rigid body, said body being provided with a polishing face at least as large as an optical surface to be polished and configured as a portion of a geometric surface that is defined by at least three parameters; (B) apply an elastic sheet to said polishing face; (C) polishing at least one optical surface with said tool, based on contacting an optical surface with the tool and causing a relative movement between the two while applying a predetermined pressure, for a predetermined time; and (D) change said elastic sheet before polishing other optical surfaces. Said step (A) of providing a polishing tool preferably comprises determining by means of the method of least squares the parameters of the atoric surface that fits more precisely to the optical surface to be polished, and selecting from a set of available tools the tool that It has a polishing face with parameters closer to those determined by the least squares method.
En algunas realizaciones de Ia invención, dicha etapa (B) de aplicar una lámina elástica a Ia cara de pulido se lleva a cabo por medio de una herramienta que comprende un soporte para el cuerpo rígido y medios para presionar Ia lámina elástica contra el cuerpo con una presión predeterminada. El uso de esta herramienta facilita Ia operación de montaje y evita el riesgo de que haya una desigual adherencia entre Ia lámina elástica y el cuerpo, debido a una presión insuficiente.In some embodiments of the invention, said step (B) of applying an elastic sheet to the polishing face is carried out by means of a tool comprising a support for the rigid body and means for pressing the elastic sheet against the body with a predetermined pressure The use of this tool facilitates the assembly operation and avoids the risk of uneven adhesion between the elastic sheet and the body, due to insufficient pressure.
Preferiblemente, dichos medios para presionar Ia lámina elástica contra el cuerpo rígido comprenden un bloque cilindrico de silicona de dureza media; con este sistema un solo bloque de silicona basta para ejercer presión contra todo un conjunto de cuerpos rígidos, sin que sea necesario disponer de un contracuerpo para cada cuerpo.Preferably, said means for pressing the elastic sheet against the rigid body comprise a cylindrical silicone block of medium hardness; With this system a single silicone block is enough to exert pressure against a whole set of rigid bodies, without the need to have a counter-body for each body.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOSBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Para una mejor comprensión de cuanto se ha expuesto, a continuación Ia invención se describirá con referencia a los dibujos adjuntos, que muestran realizaciones de Ia invención de forma esquemática y a título de ejemplo no limitativo. En dichos dibujos:For a better understanding of what has been stated, the invention will now be described with reference to the attached drawings, which show embodiments of the invention schematically and by way of non-limiting example. In these drawings:
las figuras 1a y 1 b muestran una herramienta de acuerdo con una realización de Ia invención, respectivamente con los dos componente separados y montada;Figures 1a and 1b show a tool according to an embodiment of the invention, respectively with the two components separated and assembled;
Ia figura 2 muestra un detalle de Ia lámina elástica de Ia herramienta de las figuras 1a y 1 b; yFigure 2 shows a detail of the elastic sheet of the tool of Figures 1a and 1b; Y
Ia figura 3 es una representación gráfica de una superficie atórica con una generatriz elíptica, que muestra los parámetros necesarios para su definición.Figure 3 is a graphic representation of an atoric surface with an elliptical generatrix, which shows the necessary parameters for its definition.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE REALIZACIONES PREFERIDASDESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Como muestran las figuras 1a y 1 b, una herramienta de pulido de acuerdo con Ia invención comprende un cuerpo rígido 10 esencialmente cilindrico que tiene un lado de montaje 11 , destinado a montar Ia herramienta con medios convencionales en un dispositivo de pulido, y una cara de pulido 12, opuesta al lado de montaje.As shown in Figures 1a and 1b, a polishing tool according to the invention comprises an essentially cylindrical rigid body 10 having a mounting side 11, intended to mount the tool with conventional means in a polishing device, and a face polishing 12, opposite the mounting side.
El diámetro del cuerpo rígido 10 es similar al de Ia superficie óptica a pulir, o preferiblemente mayor.The diameter of the rigid body 10 is similar to that of the optical surface to be polished, or preferably larger.
La cara de pulido 12 del cuerpo rígido es una superficie curvada, que está configurada como una porción de una superficie geométrica compleja que queda definida por al menos tres parámetros.The polishing face 12 of the rigid body is a curved surface, which is configured as a portion of a complex geometric surface that is defined by at least three parameters.
En Ia realización mostrada en las figuras 1a y 1 b Ia cara de pulido es convexa y es una porción de una superficie atórica. Los parámetros que definen dicha superficie atórica dependen de Ia forma de Ia superficie óptica a pulir; su determinación se describirá más adelante.In the embodiment shown in Figures 1a and 1b, the polishing face is convex and is a portion of an atoric surface. The parameters that define said atoric surface depend on the shape of the optical surface to be polished; Your determination will be described later.
El experto en Ia materia entenderá que Ia cara de pulido también puede ser cóncava, dependiendo de Ia curvatura de Ia superficie óptica a pulir.The person skilled in the art will understand that the polishing face can also be concave, depending on the curvature of the optical surface to be polished.
Encima de Ia cara de pulido 12 se aplica al cuerpo rígido una lámina elástica 20; Ia lámina elástica 20 comprende una primera capa de material flexible 21 , que es relativamente gruesa y queda aplicada sobre Ia superficie de pulido 12, y una segunda capa de material de pulido 22, que es más fina que dicha primera capa 21 y constituye Ia superficie exterior de Ia lámina 20, destinada a entrar en contacto con Ia superficie óptica a pulir.On top of the polishing face 12 an elastic sheet 20 is applied to the rigid body; The elastic sheet 20 comprises a first layer of flexible material 21, which is relatively thick and is applied on the polishing surface 12, and a second layer of polishing material 22, which is thinner than said first layer 21 and constitutes the outer surface of the sheet 20, intended to come into contact with the optical surface to be polished.
Un material adecuado para Ia primera capa 21 es una espuma de poliolefina físicamente reticulada, por ejemplo una espuma con una densidad de 40 kg/m3 y una resistencia a un 50% de compresión de 95 kPa. Otro material adecuado para dicha primera capa 21 es una espuma de poliuretano de celda cerrada de dureza Shore 00 menor de 50 espumada químicamente.A suitable material for the first layer 21 is a physically crosslinked polyolefin foam, for example a foam with a density of 40 kg / m 3 and a 50% compressive strength of 95 kPa. Another suitable material for said first layer 21 is a closed-cell polyurethane foam of Shore 00 hardness less than 50 chemically foamed.
Con estos materiales, Ia primera capa 21 tiene idealmente un espesor de al menos 3 mm; un espesor de menos de 8 mm debería ser suficiente para Ia gran mayoría de aplicaciones, aunque dependiendo de Ia dureza del material se podría llegar a espesores de hasta 15 mm, Io cual permitiría emplear un menor número de herramientas diferentes.With these materials, the first layer 21 ideally has a thickness of at least 3 mm; a thickness of less than 8 mm should be sufficient for the great majority of applications, although depending on the hardness of the material it could reach thicknesses of up to 15 mm, which would allow a smaller number of different tools to be used.
La segunda capa 22 está hecha de fieltro o de otro material similar, que puede ser natural o sintético. Estos materiales son bien conocidos en el pulido de lentes ópticas, y tienen Ia función de retener las partículas de abrasivo contenidas en suspensión en el líquido de pulido.The second layer 22 is made of felt or other similar material, which can be natural or synthetic. These materials are well known in the polishing of optical lenses, and have the function of retaining the abrasive particles contained in suspension in the polishing liquid.
La segunda capa 22 está firmemente fijada a Ia primera capa flexible 21 , por ejemplo por medio de un adhesivo 23.The second layer 22 is firmly fixed to the first flexible layer 21, for example by means of an adhesive 23.
Como se muestra en Ia vista en perspectiva de Ia figura 2, en Ia que las distintas capas de Ia lámina elástica 20 se han separado en parte para una mejor comprensión de su estructura, en esta realización Ia lámina elástica 20 también comprende una película adhesiva 24 aplicada en Ia superficie destinada a estar en contacto con Ia cara de pulido 12 del cuerpo rígido 10, y una capa de protección 25 que se retira cuando Ia lámina elástica 20 debe aplicarse a Ia cara de pulido 12 del cuerpo rígido 10.As shown in the perspective view of Figure 2, in which the different layers of the elastic sheet 20 have been partially separated for a better understanding of their structure, in this embodiment the elastic sheet 20 also comprises an adhesive film 24 applied on the surface intended to be in contact with the polishing face 12 of the rigid body 10, and a protective layer 25 that is removed when the elastic sheet 20 must be applied to the polishing face 12 of the rigid body 10.
Como se puede ver en Ia figura 2, el contorno de Ia lámina elástica es esencialmente cilindrico, como el del cuerpo rígido 10, pero Ia lámina tiene en un lado una pestaña 26 que sobresale, para permitir retirar fácilmente Ia lámina 20 del cuerpo rígido 10 después del uso, como se describirá más adelante. En esencia, un procedimiento para pulir una superficie óptica con esta herramienta comprende seleccionar un cuerpo rígido 10 que tiene una cara de pulido atórica que es apropiada para Ia superficie óptica a pulir, de entre un conjunto de cuerpos rígidos; aplicar una lámina elástica 20 a Ia cara de pulido del cuerpo rígido 10 seleccionado y colocarlo en una máquina de pulido; y aplicar una presión y un movimiento relativo predeterminados entre Ia herramienta y Ia superficie óptica, durante un periodo de tiempo predeterminado. Después de esto, se puede retirar Ia lámina elástica 20 del cuerpo rígido y sustituirla por otra lámina. Este cambio puede hacerse después de pulir cada lente óptica, o bien se puede pulir con Ia misma lámina 20 un pequeño número de lentes, por ejemplo entre dos y cinco, antes de cambiarla.As can be seen in Figure 2, the contour of the elastic sheet is essentially cylindrical, like that of the rigid body 10, but the sheet has on one side an protruding flange 26, in order to easily remove the sheet 20 from the rigid body 10 after use, as will be described later. In essence, a method for polishing an optical surface with this tool comprises selecting a rigid body 10 having an atoric polishing face that is appropriate for the optical surface to be polished, from a set of rigid bodies; apply an elastic sheet 20 to the polishing face of the selected rigid body 10 and place it in a polishing machine; and apply a predetermined pressure and relative movement between the tool and the optical surface, for a predetermined period of time. After this, the elastic sheet 20 can be removed from the rigid body and replaced by another sheet. This change can be made after polishing each optical lens, or a small number of lenses, for example between two and five, can be polished with the same sheet 20, before changing it.
A continuación se explicará cada etapa del procedimiento con Ia ayuda de ejemplos.Next, each stage of the procedure will be explained with the help of examples.
Se proporciona un conjunto de cuerpos rígidos destinados a ser utilizados en el procedimiento de pulido, cada uno de los cuales presenta una cara de pulido configurada como una porción de una superficie geométrica que queda definida por al menos tres parámetros; para simplificar, en general sólo se utilizarán superficies atóricas de revolución, y más particularmente aquellas generadas por una elipse que recorre una circunferencia.A set of rigid bodies intended to be used in the polishing process is provided, each of which has a polishing face configured as a portion of a geometric surface that is defined by at least three parameters; to simplify, in general only atoric surfaces of revolution will be used, and more particularly those generated by an ellipse that runs through a circle.
Una superficie de este tipo requiere tres parámetros para quedar definida: los semiejes (a,b) de Ia elipse que genera Ia superficie atórica, y el radio (R) de Ia circunferencia. Una representación de los parámetros de una superficie de este tipo se muestra en Ia figura 3.A surface of this type requires three parameters to be defined: the semi-axes (a, b) of the ellipse that generates the atoric surface, and the radius (R) of the circumference. A representation of the parameters of such a surface is shown in Figure 3.
Se ha comprobado que para pulir lentes progresivas con prescripciones de entre -6 y +6 dioptrías de esfera, de 0 a -4 dioptrías de cilindro, y adiciones de entre 0,75 y 3,50 dioptrías, un conjunto de 108 cuerpos rígidos es suficiente para obtener un buen resultado en el pulido, es decir, una proporción muy elevada de lentes correctamente pulidas.It has been proven that to polish progressive lenses with prescriptions of between -6 and +6 sphere diopters, from 0 to -4 cylinder diopters, and additions between 0.75 and 3.50 diopters, a set of 108 rigid bodies is enough to obtain a good polishing result, that is, a very high proportion of correctly polished lenses.
A partir de Ia prescripción de un usuario, se determina por el método de mínimos cuadrados Ia superficie atórica que se ajusta con más precisión a Ia forma de Ia lente ("mejor superficie atórica"). La siguiente tabla resume los resultados de esta determinación, para tres prescripciones distintas Pr1 , Pr2 y Pr3.From the prescription of a user, the atoric surface is determined by the method of least squares that fits more precisely to the shape of the lens ("best atoric surface"). The following table summarizes the results of this determination, for three different prescriptions Pr1, Pr2 and Pr3.
A cada prescripción se superpone además el diseño particular de Ia lente progresiva; Ia lente resultante se define por medio de un cierto número de puntos, para cada uno de los cuales se representa Ia distancia de un plano determinado. En estos ejemplos Ia determinación se hizo en base a superficies definidas por 90000 puntos.Each prescription also overlaps the particular design of the progressive lens; The resulting lens is defined by means of a certain number of points, for each of which the distance of a given plane is represented. In these examples, the determination was made based on surfaces defined by 90000 points.
Figure imgf000010_0001
Figure imgf000010_0001
La última columna de Ia tabla muestra el valor de chi-cuadrado para cada ejemplo, es decir, Ia suma de los cuadrados de los errores entre los puntos de Ia superficie a pulir y los correspondientes puntos de Ia mejor superficie atórica.The last column of the table shows the chi-square value for each example, that is, the sum of the squares of the errors between the points of the surface to be polished and the corresponding points of the best atoric surface.
En base a los valores de los parámetros obtenidos, se selecciona una herramienta de entre una pluralidad de herramientas disponibles que tienen caras de pulido atóricas; en cada caso, se seleccionará una herramienta que tenga parámetros a,b y R tan cercanos como sea posible a los que se han determinado con el método de los mínimos cuadrados.Based on the values of the parameters obtained, a tool is selected from a plurality of available tools that have atoric polishing faces; In each case, a tool will be selected that has parameters a, b and R as close as possible to those determined with the least squares method.
Hay que tener en cuenta que Ia lámina elástica proporciona un cierto grado de adaptación entre Ia cara de pulido del cuerpo rígido y Ia superficie óptica a pulir, y por consiguiente permite proporcionar muy buenos resultados en Ia operación de pulido sin necesidad de proporcionar un número muy elevado de herramientas con diferentes superficies atóricas.It should be taken into account that the elastic sheet provides a certain degree of adaptation between the polishing face of the rigid body and the optical surface to be polished, and therefore allows to provide very good results in the polishing operation without the need to provide a very large number. high of tools with different atoric surfaces.
Se ha llevado a cabo un ejemplo comparativo, para mostrar Ia ventaja de utilizar una superficie de pulido atórica.A comparative example has been carried out, to show the advantage of using an atoric polishing surface.
En este ejemplo comparativo se ha determinado también Ia mejor superficie tórica, es decir, Ia superficie tórica que se ajusta con más precisión a Ia forma de Ia lente a pulir, para las mismas prescripciones y los mismos diseños de lentes progresivas indicados más arriba, también por el método de mínimos cuadrados; Ia tabla siguiente resume los resultados, es decir, los parámetros a1 y b1 (radios de las dos circunferencias) de Ia mejor superficie tórica para cada ejemplo, y el correspondiente valor de chi-cuadrado.In this comparative example, the best toric surface has also been determined, that is, the toric surface that fits more precisely to the shape of the lens to be polished, for the same prescriptions and the same progressive lens designs indicated above, also by the method of least squares; The following table summarizes the results, that is, the parameters at 1 and b 1 (radii of the two circumferences) of the best toric surface for each example, and the corresponding chi-square value.
Figure imgf000011_0001
Figure imgf000011_0001
Como se puede ver en Ia última columna de Ia tabla, en este caso los valores de chi-cuadrado para cada ejemplo Pr1 , Pr2 y Pr3 son notablemente mayores que en el caso de superficies atóricas; esto muestra claramente que Ia mejor superficie atórica se ajusta con más precisión a Ia superficie de lente deseada que Ia mejor superficie tórica.As can be seen in the last column of the table, in this case the chi-square values for each example Pr1, Pr2 and Pr3 are markedly greater than in the case of atoric surfaces; This clearly shows that the best atoric surface fits more precisely to the desired lens surface than the best toric surface.
Por consiguiente, Ia operación de pulido con una herramienta que tiene una superficie atórica de este tipo proporcionará un mejor resultado en términos de mantener Ia forma de Ia lente mecanizada que si Ia operación de pulido se llevara a cabo utilizando una herramienta tórica.Therefore, the polishing operation with a tool having an atoric surface of this type will provide a better result in terms of maintaining the mechanized lens shape than if the polishing operation was carried out using an toric tool.
Una vez que se ha seleccionado el cuerpo rígido de superficie de pulido atórica apropiado, tal como se explica en el ejemplo descrito, se aplica a dicho cuerpo una lámina elástica 20. Esta operación puede llevarse a cabo manualmente, pero para un mejor resultado es preferible aplicar Ia lámina 20 mediante una pequeña prensa: el cuerpo rígido se coloca en Ia prensa y Ia lámina 20, de Ia cual se ha previamente desprendido Ia capa de protección 25, se coloca en posición sobre Ia cara de pulido 21 ; entonces Ia prensa se hace descender, de modo que un cilindro de goma curvado que se ajusta sólo de modo aproximado a Ia curvatura del cuerpo rígido y que tiene un diámetro mayor que el de cuerpo rígido, o preferiblemente un bloque cilindrico de silicona de dureza media, presiona Ia lámina elástica 20 contra el cuerpo rígido 10 haciendo que se adhiera firmemente. El diámetro de dicho bloque de silicona es preferiblemente mayor que el del cuerpo rígido 10 y el extremo del bloque que presiona Ia lámina es de forma cóncava, en caso de que Ia superficie 12 sea convexa; de este modo un solo bloque de silicona basta para todo un conjunto de cuerpos rígidos convexos. Dicho bloque de silicona es, como se ha indicado, de dureza media y preferiblemente de unos 50 mm de alto.Once the rigid polishing surface body has been selected Appropriate toric, as explained in the described example, an elastic sheet 20 is applied to said body. This operation can be carried out manually, but for a better result it is preferable to apply the sheet 20 by a small press: the rigid body is it is placed in the press and the sheet 20, from which the protective layer 25 has been previously detached, it is placed in position on the polishing face 21; then the press is lowered, so that a curved rubber cylinder that fits only approximately to the curvature of the rigid body and that has a diameter greater than that of a rigid body, or preferably a cylindrical silicone block of medium hardness , presses the elastic sheet 20 against the rigid body 10 causing it to adhere firmly. The diameter of said silicone block is preferably greater than that of the rigid body 10 and the end of the block that presses the sheet is concave, in case the surface 12 is convex; in this way a single silicone block is sufficient for a whole set of rigid convex bodies. Said silicone block is, as indicated, of medium hardness and preferably about 50 mm high.
La operación de retirar Ia lámina elástica del cuerpo rígido después del uso puede realizarse manualmente, estirando de Ia pestaña saliente 26, o por medio de una herramienta sencilla.The operation of removing the elastic sheet from the rigid body after use can be performed manually, by stretching from the protruding flange 26, or by means of a simple tool.
El cuerpo rígido 10 con Ia lámina elástica 20 aplicada al mismo se coloca en una máquina de pulir, junto con Ia lente a pulir, y se inicia Ia operación de pulido. El tiempo de pulido puede ser inferior a un minuto para Ia mayoría de operaciones, y Ia presión de pulido es relativamente pequeña.The rigid body 10 with the elastic sheet 20 applied thereto is placed in a polishing machine, together with the lens to be polished, and the polishing operation is initiated. The polishing time may be less than one minute for most operations, and the polishing pressure is relatively small.
Por ejemplo, los parámetros del proceso de pulido para pulir una lente de material orgánico de 70 mm de diámetro pueden ser los siguientes: - inclinación entre el eje de rotación de Ia lente y el eje de Ia herramienta: 0o a 5o, preferiblemente 3o For example, the parameters of the polishing process for polishing a lens of organic material of 70 mm in diameter may be the following: - inclination between the axis of rotation of the lens and the axis of the tool: 0 or 5 or , preferably 3 or
- descentramiento entre ejes: 14,0 mm- axle offset: 14.0 mm
- desplazamiento entre ejes: 7 mm- wheelbase: 7 mm
- fuerza entre lente y pulidor: 4,5 kg - velocidad de rotación: entre 960 y 1000 rpm, preferiblemente 960 rpm- force between lens and polisher: 4.5 kg - rotation speed: between 960 and 1000 rpm, preferably 960 rpm
- tiempo de pulido: 45 a 60 segundos, preferiblemente 45 segundos- polishing time: 45 to 60 seconds, preferably 45 seconds
- mezcla de pulido: suspensión de AI2O3 en agua a 70C, con una concentración de 18° (Beaumé) a 2O0C.- polishing mixture: suspension of AI 2 O 3 in water at 7 0 C, with a concentration of 18 ° (Beaumé) at 2O 0 C.
A pesar de que en Ia presente memoria se han descrito y representado únicamente realizaciones concretas de Ia invención, el experto en Ia materia podrá introducir modificaciones y sustituir cualquier característica técnica de las mismas por otras técnicamente equivalentes, dependiendo de los requerimientos particulares de cada caso, sin apartarse del ámbito de protección definido por las reivindicaciones adjuntas.Although in this report only specific embodiments of the invention have been described and represented, the person skilled in the art may introduce modifications and substitute any technical characteristic thereof with other technically equivalent ones, depending on the particular requirements of each case, without departing from the scope of protection defined by the appended claims.
Por ejemplo, Ia lámina elástica 20 podría aplicarse y mantenerse sobre el cuerpo rígido por otros medios apropiados, distintos de una película adhesiva. For example, the elastic sheet 20 could be applied and maintained on the rigid body by other appropriate means, other than an adhesive film.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. Herramienta para pulir superficies ópticas que comprende un cuerpo rígido (10) provisto de una cara de pulido (12), al menos tan grande como una superficie óptica a pulir, y una lámina elástica (20) dispuesta entre dicha cara de pulido (12) y Ia superficie óptica a pulir, caracterizada por el hecho de que Ia cara de pulido (12) del cuerpo rígido (10) está configurada como una porción de una superficie geométrica, quedando definida dicha superficie geométrica por al menos tres parámetros (a,b,R).1. Tool for polishing optical surfaces comprising a rigid body (10) provided with a polishing face (12), at least as large as an optical surface to be polished, and an elastic sheet (20) disposed between said polishing face ( 12) and the optical surface to be polished, characterized by the fact that the polishing face (12) of the rigid body (10) is configured as a portion of a geometric surface, said geometric surface being defined by at least three parameters (a , b, R).
2. Herramienta según Ia reivindicación 1 , caracterizada por el hecho de que dicha superficie geométrica es una superficie atórica.2. Tool according to claim 1, characterized in that said geometric surface is an atoric surface.
3. Herramienta según Ia reivindicación 2, caracterizada por el hecho de que dicha superficie atórica es una superficie de revolución.3. Tool according to claim 2, characterized in that said atoric surface is a surface of revolution.
4. Herramienta según las reivindicaciones 2 ó 3, caracterizada por el hecho de que Ia generatriz de dicha superficie atórica es una elipse.4. Tool according to claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the generator of said atoric surface is an ellipse.
5. Herramienta según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizada por el hecho de que Ia lámina elástica (20) comprende una primera capa de material flexible (21 ), de un espesor de al menos 3 mm, y una segunda capa de material de pulido (22).5. Tool according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elastic sheet (20) comprises a first layer of flexible material (21), of a thickness of at least 3 mm, and a second layer of polishing material (22).
6. Herramienta según Ia reivindicación 5, caracterizada por el hecho de que Ia primera capa de material flexible (21 ) tiene un espesor de entre 3 y 15 mm.6. Tool according to claim 5, characterized in that the first layer of flexible material (21) has a thickness of between 3 and 15 mm.
7. Herramienta según Ia reivindicación 6, caracterizada por el hecho de que Ia primera capa de material flexible (21 ) tiene un espesor de entre 3 y 8 mm.7. Tool according to claim 6, characterized in that the first layer of flexible material (21) has a thickness of between 3 and 8 mm.
8. Herramienta según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizada por el hecho de que Ia lámina elástica (20) se proporciona separada de dicho cuerpo rígido (10) y comprende una película adhesiva (24) cubierta con un papel de protección retirable (25).8. Tool according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elastic sheet (20) is provided separated from said rigid body (10) and comprises an adhesive film (24) covered with a removable protective paper (25) .
9. Herramienta según Ia reivindicación 8, caracterizada por el hecho de que dicha lámina elástica (20) comprende medios (26) para su retirada de Ia cara de pulido (12) después de su uso.9. Tool according to claim 8, characterized in that said elastic sheet (20) comprises means (26) for its removal from the face polishing (12) after use.
10. Procedimiento para pulir superficies ópticas, que se caracteriza por el hecho de que comprende las siguientes etapas:10. Procedure for polishing optical surfaces, characterized by the fact that it comprises the following stages:
(A) proporcionar una herramienta de pulido que comprende un cuerpo rígido (10), estando provisto dicho cuerpo de una cara de pulido (12) al menos tan grande como una superficie óptica a pulir y configurada como una porción de una superficie geométrica que queda definida por al menos tres parámetros (a,b,R);(A) providing a polishing tool comprising a rigid body (10), said body being provided with a polishing face (12) at least as large as an optical surface to be polished and configured as a portion of a remaining geometric surface defined by at least three parameters (a, b, R);
(B) aplicar una lámina elástica (20) a dicha cara de pulido (12);(B) applying an elastic sheet (20) to said polishing face (12);
(C) pulir al menos una superficie óptica con dicha herramienta, a base de poner en contacto una superficie óptica con Ia herramienta y provocar un movimiento relativo entre ambas mientras se aplica una presión predeterminada, durante un tiempo predeterminado; y(C) polishing at least one optical surface with said tool, based on contacting an optical surface with the tool and causing a relative movement between the two while applying a predetermined pressure, for a predetermined time; Y
(D) cambiar dicha lámina elástica (20) antes de pulir otras superficies ópticas.(D) change said elastic sheet (20) before polishing other optical surfaces.
11. Procedimiento según Ia reivindicación 10, caracterizado por el hecho de que dicha etapa (A) de proporcionar una herramienta de pulido comprende determinar mediante el método de mínimos cuadrados los parámetros de Ia superficie atórica que se ajusta con más precisión a Ia superficie óptica a pulir, y seleccionar de un conjunto de herramientas disponibles Ia herramienta que tiene una cara de pulido (12) con parámetros más próximos a los determinados por el métodos de mínimos cuadrados.11. Method according to claim 10, characterized in that said step (A) of providing a polishing tool comprises determining by means of the method of least squares the parameters of the atoric surface that conforms more precisely to the optical surface a polish, and select from a set of available tools the tool that has a polishing face (12) with parameters closer to those determined by the least squares method.
12. Procedimiento según las reivindicaciones 10 u 11 , caracterizado por el hecho de que dicha etapa (B) de aplicar una lámina elástica (20) a Ia cara de pulido (12) se lleva a cabo por medio de una herramienta que comprende un soporte para el cuerpo rígido (10) y medios para presionar Ia lámina elástica (20) contra el cuerpo (10) con una presión predeterminada.12. Method according to claims 10 or 11, characterized in that said step (B) of applying an elastic sheet (20) to the polishing face (12) is carried out by means of a tool comprising a support for the rigid body (10) and means for pressing the elastic sheet (20) against the body (10) with a predetermined pressure.
13. Procedimiento según Ia reivindicación 12, caracterizado por el hecho de que dichos medios para presionar Ia lámina elástica (20) contra el cuerpo rígido (10) comprenden un bloque cilindrico de silicona de dureza media. 13. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that said means for pressing the elastic sheet (20) against the rigid body (10) comprise a cylindrical silicone block of medium hardness.
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US20080047301A1 (en) 2008-02-28
ES2249990B1 (en) 2007-08-01
EP1787752A1 (en) 2007-05-23
EP1787752A4 (en) 2010-04-28
ES2249990A1 (en) 2006-04-01

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