WO2006010691A1 - Protection against interference for a contactless chip card reading terminal - Google Patents

Protection against interference for a contactless chip card reading terminal Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2006010691A1
WO2006010691A1 PCT/EP2005/053087 EP2005053087W WO2006010691A1 WO 2006010691 A1 WO2006010691 A1 WO 2006010691A1 EP 2005053087 W EP2005053087 W EP 2005053087W WO 2006010691 A1 WO2006010691 A1 WO 2006010691A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
terminal
block
mode
smart card
blocks
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2005/053087
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Henri Ohanian
Christophe Aillaud
Original Assignee
Gemplus
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gemplus filed Critical Gemplus
Publication of WO2006010691A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006010691A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/0008—General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10019—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves resolving collision on the communication channels between simultaneously or concurrently interrogated record carriers.

Definitions

  • the invention relates to radio frequency communications between a contactless reader terminal and a smart card.
  • the invention aims more precisely to reduce the influence of electromagnetic disturbances on communications using a block protocol between the terminal and a card.
  • the ISO 14443 standard defines in particular a radio frequency communication protocol of proximity between a contactless card and a reading terminal.
  • the communication comprises several successive phases.
  • a first phase the radio frequency interface of the terminal is turned on and reset.
  • the terminal transmits with a 13.56 MHz carrier. Cards in the transmit range straighten the emitted carrier to power their circuits.
  • a second phase called anti-collision phase
  • the terminal determines the presence of one or more cards in its emission radius. The terminal determines the characteristics of these cards and selects some of them.
  • the terminal exchanges parameters that will allow it to communicate correctly with the selected cards.
  • the parameters exchanged are, for example, the size of the frames transmitted from or to the reading terminal.
  • each block comprises a header, an encapsulated body containing Info data and an epilogue containing EDC error detection bits.
  • the header includes a PCB field whose structure defines either an I-Bloc, an R-Bloc, or an S-Bloc.
  • the header also includes a CID field containing an identifier of the card assigned by the terminal during the reset.
  • I-Blocks are used for the transmission of information from the application layer. I-Blocks are in particular transmitted by the terminal to control the execution of tasks by the smart card. R-Blocks are mainly used for the transmission of control data concerning the transport layer. The S-blocks are mainly used for transmission "• Non application commands, including the deselection of a card by a terminal or a time to request the card to the terminal to process an order.
  • the card When the information of the application layer is too large to be transmitted from the card to the terminal in a single I-Block, they are transmitted in several I-Blocks by a chaining mechanism illustrated in FIG. card are transmitted in I-blocks 11, 12, 13 in the transport layer. Before transmitting each new I-Block, the card waits for an R-block of the terminal containing a receipt of the previous I-Block. R-blocks 14 and 15 are sent by the terminal to receive I-blocks 11 and 12.
  • the terminal When an I-Block is not satisfactorily received by the terminal (especially when the check with the error detection bits reports an error), the latter returns an R-block signaling a non-reception. The card emits the I-Bloc again. This operation is illustrated by the diagram of FIG. 3. Since the I-Block 2 block is not received correctly, the terminal transmits the R-Block R-NOK. The card then emits I-Bloc2 again.
  • smart cards Due to sometimes limited processing capabilities, smart cards often require a significant amount of time to execute certain commands. In order not to receive blocks during this execution period and not be deselected because of its absence of emission, the card emits a S-block of type S (WTX) to the terminal by requiring a duration during which the terminal will not transmit to it.
  • WTX S-block of type S
  • the radio frequency interface of the terminal remains active to process any block transmitted by the card.
  • the terminal sometimes mistakenly interprets electromagnetic disturbances as a start of a block coming from the card.
  • the terminal detects an erroneous block transmission and then requires the repetition of a block that has never been issued by the card.
  • the card does not respond, the terminal deselects it or interrupts the communication. A considerable time is thus lost due to this disturbance, in particular during deselection of the card.
  • the smart card transmits to the terminal a block requiring a passage in bridled mode and starts the execution of the task and; the terminal receives the block and goes into a bridged mode in which it does not process certain types of blocks associated with the smart card.
  • the terminal transmits to the smart card a block of confirmation of passage in bridled mode.
  • the terminal is maintained in bridged mode until a block associated with the smart card requiring the revocation of the flanged mode is received.
  • the bridged mode terminal may then not process the blocks associated with the smart card other than bridged mode revocation blocks.
  • the terminal transmits to the smart card a revocation confirmation block flanged mode.
  • the terminal is maintained in bridled mode until a predetermined duration has elapsed.
  • the smart card determines a need to extend the bridled mode
  • the smart card transmits a block requiring the extension of the predetermined duration
  • the terminal is maintained in bridled mode until expiry of the extended duration.
  • the bridged mode terminal does not process the blocks associated with the smart card other than extension request blocks.
  • the bridged mode terminal does not process the blocks associated with the card to chip other than extension request blocks or bridged mode revocation blocks.
  • the transmission may conform to the ISO standard
  • the smart card detects a transmission error of a block sent by the terminal and systematically sends a block requiring a transition to bridged mode when it initiates the execution of a task.
  • the invention also relates to a communication terminal adapted to go into a bridged mode when receiving a request block issued by a smart card according to one of the methods defined above.
  • the invention also relates to a smart card capable of transmitting a request block defined in the methods above.
  • FIG. 1 different structures of data blocks transmitted on the transport layer
  • FIG. 2 a conventional mode of chaining data transmitted from the card to the terminal
  • FIG. 5 a chronogram of the events of the card and the terminal in an implementation of the invention
  • the invention proposes to emit a bridged mode block of blocking from the smart card, at certain launches execution of tasks by it.
  • the terminal then goes into bridled mode and does not process certain types of blocks associated with this smart card.
  • the probability that the terminal interprets random disturbances as a block to be processed is very small. This eliminates the time lost by an erroneous detection of a block.
  • the terminal In bridled mode, the terminal will of course continue to normally process blocks received from other smart cards.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a timing diagram of an exemplary method according to the invention.
  • the terminal transmits a block, for example an I-block comprising an application command intended to be executed by the card.
  • the chip card upon receipt of this block or at the start of the execution of the command, transmits an S-block requiring a passage in bridged mode to the terminal. The terminal receives this S-Block.
  • step 53 the terminal has received and processed the S-block issued by the smart card and transmits an S-block of confirmation of passage in bridled mode.
  • the smart card is thus informed of the taking into account of his request.
  • the terminal does not process certain blocks associated with the smart card.
  • block associated with the card will be designated any signal (including a background noise) in which the terminal recognizes or expects to recognize an identifier of the smart card.
  • the terminal can notably provide not to treat the I-Blocks or some S-Blocks associated with the smart card.
  • the terminal receives blocks of this type in which it recognizes the identifier of the smart card, these blocks are not taken into account. Disturbances therefore have only a very small probability of leading to processing by the terminal. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement such a treatment exclusion appropriately. Switching to bridged mode can occur either after receiving the S-Block from the card, or after issuing the confirmation S-Block.
  • the terminal is maintained in bridged mode until the revocation of this mode by the smart card.
  • the smart card can therefore continue to perform the desired tasks and communicate with the terminal only when this execution is completed.
  • the smart card transmits an S-block requiring the normal mode of the terminal.
  • the terminal is designed to handle this type of block in bridled mode. After treating this block, the terminal returns to normal mode.
  • the terminal transmits to the card an S-block confirming the revocation of the flanged mode. The card is thus informed that the terminal can again process other types of blocks.
  • the terminal can return to normal mode at the expiration of a predetermined duration or defined in the S-block requiring the transition to bridled mode.
  • the smart card can transmit a revocation block to the terminal. Ironing in normal mode can be done without waiting for the expiration of the fixed time.
  • the smart card may also determine that additional time is required for execution.
  • the smart card then transmits a block requiring the extension of this duration. Such blocks can be transmitted as many times as necessary for the card to complete the execution.
  • Such blocks may be S-Blocks identical to S-Blocks requiring a bridged mode transition.
  • the duration of holding in flange mode is only fixed by a defined duration in a block of passage in flange mode or in an extension block. This limits the different types of blocks that the terminal will handle in bridled mode. In the absence of extension blocks, the terminal can not even process any blocks associated with the card during the flanged mode.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates examples of new S-blocks that can be implemented for transmissions to the ISO 14443 standard.
  • S-Blocks requiring a bridged mode transition, an extension of duration, providing confirmation of taking into account or requiring a bridged mode revocation can in particular be identified by the state of the third and fourth bits 61 of their PCB field.
  • the smart card then systematically sends a block requiring a transition to bridged mode as soon as it starts the execution of a task. It can also be expected that the card expects a predefined number of transmission errors to issue such systematic requests. The card may also determine that a block transmission error has not occurred for a predetermined duration; it will then no longer systematically issue such requests each time a task is executed.
  • this invention can also be applied to any block radiofrequency transmission between a terminal and a smart card.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for block radiofrequency transmission between a terminal and a chip card, comprising a stage (51) wherein a control block for the execution of a task is transmitted to a chip card, followed by the stages mentioned below: the chip card transmits (52) a block requesting a switch to a bridled mode and launches the execution thereof; the terminal receives the block and switches to a bridled mode wherein it does not treat certain types of blocks associated with the chip card. The invention makes it possible to reduce time losses caused by electromagnetic interference.

Description

PROTECTION CONTRE LES PERTURBATIONS D'UN TERMINAL DE LECTURE DE CARTE A PUCE SANS CONTACT PROTECTION AGAINST DISTURBANCES OF A NON-CONTACT CHIP CARD READING TERMINAL
L'invention porte sur les communications radiofréquences entre un terminal de lecture sans contact et une carte à puce. L'invention vise plus précisément à réduire l'influence des perturbations électromagnétiques sur les communications faisant appel à un protocole par bloc entre le terminal et une carte.The invention relates to radio frequency communications between a contactless reader terminal and a smart card. The invention aims more precisely to reduce the influence of electromagnetic disturbances on communications using a block protocol between the terminal and a card.
Le standard ISO 14443 définit notamment un protocole de communication radiofréquences de proximité entre une carte sans contact et un terminal de lecture.The ISO 14443 standard defines in particular a radio frequency communication protocol of proximity between a contactless card and a reading terminal.
La communication comprend plusieurs phases successives. Lors d'une première phase, l'interface radiofréquence du terminal est allumée et réinitialisée. Le terminal émet avec une porteuse à 13,56 MHz. Les cartes situées dans le rayon d'émission redressent la porteuse émise pour alimenter leurs circuits. Lors d'une deuxième phase, appelée phase d'anticollision, le terminal détermine la présence d'une ou plusieurs cartes dans son rayon d'émission. Le terminal détermine les caractéristiques de ces cartes et en sélectionne certaines. Le terminal échange des paramètres qui lui permettront de communiquer correctement avec les cartes sélectionnées. Les paramètres échangés sont par exemple la taille des trames transmises depuis ou vers le terminal de lecture. Ces deux phases sont définies notamment dans le standard ISO 14443-3. Selon le standard ISO 14443, les échanges entre un terminal et une carte sont effectués au moyen de blocs 1 dont la structure est détaillée en référence à la figure 1. Chaque bloc comprend un entête, un corps encapsulé contenant des données Info et un épilogue contenant des bits de détection d'erreur EDC. L'entête comprend un champ PCB dont la structure définit soit un I-Bloc, soit un R-Bloc, soit un S-Bloc. L'entête comprend également un champ CID contenant un identifiant de la carte attribué par le terminal lors de la réinitialisation.The communication comprises several successive phases. During a first phase, the radio frequency interface of the terminal is turned on and reset. The terminal transmits with a 13.56 MHz carrier. Cards in the transmit range straighten the emitted carrier to power their circuits. During a second phase, called anti-collision phase, the terminal determines the presence of one or more cards in its emission radius. The terminal determines the characteristics of these cards and selects some of them. The terminal exchanges parameters that will allow it to communicate correctly with the selected cards. The parameters exchanged are, for example, the size of the frames transmitted from or to the reading terminal. These two phases are defined in particular in the ISO 14443-3 standard. According to the ISO 14443 standard, the exchanges between a terminal and a card are carried out by means of blocks 1 whose structure is detailed with reference to FIG. 1. Each block comprises a header, an encapsulated body containing Info data and an epilogue containing EDC error detection bits. The header includes a PCB field whose structure defines either an I-Bloc, an R-Bloc, or an S-Bloc. The header also includes a CID field containing an identifier of the card assigned by the terminal during the reset.
Les I-Blocs sont utilisés pour la transmission d'informations de la couche applicative. Des I-Blocs sont notamment transmis par le terminal pour commander l'exécution de tâches par la carte à puce. Les R-Blocs sont principalement utilisés pour la transmission de données de contrôle concernant la couche de transport. Les S-Blocs sont principalement utilisés pour la transmission"• de commandes non applicatives, notamment la désélection d'une carte par un terminal ou bien une requête de temps de la carte au terminal pour traiter une commande.I-Blocks are used for the transmission of information from the application layer. I-Blocks are in particular transmitted by the terminal to control the execution of tasks by the smart card. R-Blocks are mainly used for the transmission of control data concerning the transport layer. The S-blocks are mainly used for transmission "• Non application commands, including the deselection of a card by a terminal or a time to request the card to the terminal to process an order.
Lorsque les informations de la couche applicative sont trop volumineuses pour être transmises de la carte vers le terminal dans un unique I-Bloc, elles sont transmises dans plusieurs I-Blocs par un mécanisme de chaînage illustré à la figure 2. Les informations 2 de la carte sont transmises dans des I-blocs 11, 12, 13 dans la couche de transport. Avant de transmettre chaque nouvel I-Bloc, la carte attend un R-Bloc du terminal contenant un accusé de réception du précédent I-Bloc. Les R-Bloc 14 et 15 sont donc envoyés par le terminal à réception des I-Blocs 11 et 12.When the information of the application layer is too large to be transmitted from the card to the terminal in a single I-Block, they are transmitted in several I-Blocks by a chaining mechanism illustrated in FIG. card are transmitted in I-blocks 11, 12, 13 in the transport layer. Before transmitting each new I-Block, the card waits for an R-block of the terminal containing a receipt of the previous I-Block. R-blocks 14 and 15 are sent by the terminal to receive I-blocks 11 and 12.
Lorsqu'un I-Bloc n'est pas reçu de façon satisfaisante par le terminal (notamment lorsque la vérification avec les bits de détection d'erreur signale une erreur) , celui-ci renvoie un R-Bloc signalant une non-réception. La carte émet à nouveau le I-Bloc. Ce fonctionnement est illustré par le diagramme de la figure 3. Le bloc I-Bloc 2 n'étant pas reçu correctement, le terminal émet le R-Bloc R-NOK. La carte émet alors une nouvelle fois I-Bloc2.When an I-Block is not satisfactorily received by the terminal (especially when the check with the error detection bits reports an error), the latter returns an R-block signaling a non-reception. The card emits the I-Bloc again. This operation is illustrated by the diagram of FIG. 3. Since the I-Block 2 block is not received correctly, the terminal transmits the R-Block R-NOK. The card then emits I-Bloc2 again.
Lorsqu'un I-Bloc n'est pas reçu de façon satisfaisante par la carte, celle-ci reste muette afin de ne pas encombrer le canal de communication radiofréquences. Après une certaine durée sans émission de la carte, le terminal transmet à nouveau le I-Bloc, jusqu'à ce qu'il reçoive un I-Bloc provenant de la carte. Ce fonctionnement est illustré par la diagramme de la figure 4. le I-BlocO n'étant *' pas reçu correctement par la carte, la carte reste muette. Au bout d'une certaine durée sans réponse de la carte, le terminal émet à nouveau I-BlocO. I-BlocO étant correctement reçu par la carte, celle-ci émet une réponse I-Blocl.When an I-Block is not satisfactorily received by the card, it remains silent so as not to clutter the radio frequency communication channel. After a certain time without issuing the card, the terminal transmits the I-Block again, until it receives an I-Bloc from the card. This operation is illustrated by the diagram in Figure 4. I-bloco is not * 'not properly received by the card, the card is silent. After a certain unanswered duration of the card, the terminal emits I-BlocO again. I-BlocO being correctly received by the card, it sends an I-Blocl response.
Du fait de capacités de traitement parfois limitées, les cartes à puce nécessitent souvent un temps important pour exécuter certaines commandes. Pour ne pas recevoir de blocs durant cette période d'exécution et ne pas être désélectionnée du fait de son absence d'émission, la carte émet un S-bloc de type S (WTX) vers le terminal en requérant une durée pendant laquelle le terminal n'émettra pas vers elle.Due to sometimes limited processing capabilities, smart cards often require a significant amount of time to execute certain commands. In order not to receive blocks during this execution period and not be deselected because of its absence of emission, the card emits a S-block of type S (WTX) to the terminal by requiring a duration during which the terminal will not transmit to it.
Pendant la durée définie par le S (WTX) ou dans le cas général d'attente d'un I-Bloc, l'interface radiofréquence du terminal reste active pour traiter tout bloc transmis par la carte. Le terminal interprète parfois par erreur des perturbations électromagnétiques comme un début de bloc provenant de la carte. Le terminal détecte une transmission de bloc erronée et requiert alors la répétition d'un bloc qui n'a jamais été émis par la carte. La carte ne répondant pas, le terminal la désélectionne ou interrompt la communication. Un temps considérable est ainsi perdu du fait de cette perturbation, en particulier lors d'une désélection de la carte.During the period defined by the S (WTX) or in the general case of waiting for an I-block, the radio frequency interface of the terminal remains active to process any block transmitted by the card. The terminal sometimes mistakenly interprets electromagnetic disturbances as a start of a block coming from the card. The terminal detects an erroneous block transmission and then requires the repetition of a block that has never been issued by the card. The card does not respond, the terminal deselects it or interrupts the communication. A considerable time is thus lost due to this disturbance, in particular during deselection of the card.
Pour pallier à ces inconvénients, des contraintes importantes sont imposées aux cartes à puce pour que leur rayonnement soit réduit au minimum en dehors des phases d'émission de blocs. Ces contraintes impliquent un surcoût conséquent pour la carte à puce.To overcome these drawbacks, important constraints are imposed on smart cards so that their radiation is minimized outside the block emission phases. These constraints imply a significant additional cost for the smart card.
Il existe donc un besoin pour procédé de transmission radiofréquences par blocs entre un terminal et une carte à puce, ce procédé comprenant une étape préalable durant laquelle le terminal transmet un bloc de commande d'exécution d'une tâche à la carte à puce, le procédé comprenant ensuite les étapes suivantes :There is therefore a need for a method of block radiofrequency transmission between a terminal and a smart card, this method comprising a prior step during which the terminal transmits a command block for executing a task to the smart card, the method then comprising the following steps:
-la carte à puce transmet au terminal un bloc requérant un passage en mode bridé et lance l'exécution de la tâche et ; -le terminal reçoit le bloc et passe dans un mode bridé dans lequel il ne traite pas certains types de blocs associés à la carte à puce.the smart card transmits to the terminal a block requiring a passage in bridled mode and starts the execution of the task and; the terminal receives the block and goes into a bridged mode in which it does not process certain types of blocks associated with the smart card.
Selon une variante, le terminal transmet à la carte à puce un bloc de confirmation de passage en mode bridé.According to one variant, the terminal transmits to the smart card a block of confirmation of passage in bridled mode.
Selon encore une variante, le terminal est maintenu en mode bridé jusqu'à réception d'un bloc associé à la carte à puce requérant la révocation du mode bridé. Le terminal en mode bridé peut alors ne pas traiter les blocs associés à la carte à puce autres que des blocs de révocation de mode bridé.According to another variant, the terminal is maintained in bridged mode until a block associated with the smart card requiring the revocation of the flanged mode is received. The bridged mode terminal may then not process the blocks associated with the smart card other than bridged mode revocation blocks.
On peut également prévoir que le terminal transmet à la carte à puce un bloc de confirmation de révocation du mode bridé.It can also be provided that the terminal transmits to the smart card a revocation confirmation block flanged mode.
Selon une variante, le terminal est maintenu en mode bridé jusqu'à expiration d'une durée prédéterminée.According to one variant, the terminal is maintained in bridled mode until a predetermined duration has elapsed.
On peut alors prévoir que : -la carte à puce détermine un besoin de prolongation du mode bridé ;It can then be provided that: the smart card determines a need to extend the bridled mode;
-la carte à puce transmet un bloc requérant la prolongation de la durée prédéterminée ;the smart card transmits a block requiring the extension of the predetermined duration;
-le terminal est maintenu en mode bridé jusqu'à expiration de la durée prolongée.the terminal is maintained in bridled mode until expiry of the extended duration.
Selon une variante , le terminal en mode bridé ne traite pas les blocs associés à la carte à puce autres que des blocs de requête de prolongation.According to one variant, the bridged mode terminal does not process the blocks associated with the smart card other than extension request blocks.
Selon encore une variante, le terminal en mode bridé ne traite pas les blocs associés à la carte à puce autres que des blocs de requête de prolongation ou des blocs de révocation de mode bridé.According to another variant, the bridged mode terminal does not process the blocks associated with the card to chip other than extension request blocks or bridged mode revocation blocks.
La transmission peut être conforme au standard ISOThe transmission may conform to the ISO standard
14443. Les blocs de requête, et le cas échéant les blocs de confirmation, sont alors des blocs du type S-14443. The request blocks, and if necessary the confirmation blocks, are then blocks of the type S-
Bloc identifiés spécifiquement par les troisième et quatrième bits de leur champ PCB.Block identified specifically by the third and fourth bits of their PCB field.
Selon une variante, la carte à puce détecte une erreur de transmission d'un bloc émis par le terminal et émet systématiquement un bloc requérant un passage en mode bridé lorsqu'elle lance l'exécution d'une tâche.According to one variant, the smart card detects a transmission error of a block sent by the terminal and systematically sends a block requiring a transition to bridged mode when it initiates the execution of a task.
L'invention porte également sur un terminal de communication apte à passer en mode bridé lors de la réception d'un bloc de requête émis par une carte à puce selon un des procédés définis ci-dessus.The invention also relates to a communication terminal adapted to go into a bridged mode when receiving a request block issued by a smart card according to one of the methods defined above.
L'invention porte encore sur une carte à puce apte à émettre un bloc de requête défini dans les procédés ci-dessus. w The invention also relates to a smart card capable of transmitting a request block defined in the methods above. w
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit, accompagnée des dessins annexés qui représentent :The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, accompanied by the appended drawings which represent:
-Figure 1, différentes structures de blocs de données transmis sur la couche transport ;FIG. 1, different structures of data blocks transmitted on the transport layer;
-Figure 2, un mode classique de chaînage de données transmises de la carte vers le terminal ;FIG. 2, a conventional mode of chaining data transmitted from the card to the terminal;
-Figure 3, le fonctionnement classique en cas de problème de réception par le terminal ; -Figure 4, le fonctionnement classique en cas de problème de réception par la carte ; -Figure 5, un chronogramme des événements de la carte et du terminal dans une mise en œuvre de l'invention ;-Figure 3, the conventional operation in case of reception problem by the terminal; -Figure 4, the conventional operation in case of problem receiving the card; FIG. 5, a chronogram of the events of the card and the terminal in an implementation of the invention;
-Figure 6, une structure d'un exemple de S-Bloc selon l'invention.6, a structure of an exemplary S-block according to the invention.
L'invention propose d'émettre un bloc de passage en mode bridé depuis la carte à puce, lors de certains lancements d'exécution de tâches par celle-ci. Le terminal passe alors en mode bridé et ne traite pas certains types de blocs associés à cette carte à puce.The invention proposes to emit a bridged mode block of blocking from the smart card, at certain launches execution of tasks by it. The terminal then goes into bridled mode and does not process certain types of blocks associated with this smart card.
Ainsi, en mode bridé, la probabilité que le terminal interprète des perturbations aléatoires comme un bloc devant être traité est infime. On élimine ainsi le temps perdu par une détection erronée d'un bloc.Thus, in bridled mode, the probability that the terminal interprets random disturbances as a block to be processed is very small. This eliminates the time lost by an erroneous detection of a block.
En mode bridé, le terminal pourra bien entendu continuer à traiter normalement les blocs reçus provenant d'autres cartes à puce.In bridled mode, the terminal will of course continue to normally process blocks received from other smart cards.
La figure 5 illustre un chronogramme d'un exemple de procédé selon l'invention. Lors de l'étape 51, le terminal émet un bloc, par exemple un I-Bloc comprenant une commande applicative destinée à être exécutée par la carte. A l'étape 52, lors de la réception de ce bloc ou lors du lancement de l'exécution de la commande, la carte à puce émet un S-Bloc requérant un passage en mode bridé vers le terminal. Le terminal reçoit ce S- Bloc.FIG. 5 illustrates a timing diagram of an exemplary method according to the invention. In step 51, the terminal transmits a block, for example an I-block comprising an application command intended to be executed by the card. In step 52, upon receipt of this block or at the start of the execution of the command, the chip card transmits an S-block requiring a passage in bridged mode to the terminal. The terminal receives this S-Block.
A l'étape 53, le terminal a reçu et traité le S- Bloc émis par la carte à puce et émet un S-Bloc de confirmation de passage en mode bridé. La carte à puce est ainsi informée de la prise en compte de sa requête.In step 53, the terminal has received and processed the S-block issued by the smart card and transmits an S-block of confirmation of passage in bridled mode. The smart card is thus informed of the taking into account of his request.
Dans le mode bridé, le terminal ne traite pas certains blocs associés à la carte à puce. On désignera par bloc associé à la carte tout signal (y compris un bruit de fond) dans lequel le terminal reconnaît ou croît reconnaître un identifiant de la carte à puce. En mode bridé, le terminal peut notamment prévoir de ne pas traiter les I-Blocs ou certains S-Blocs associés à la carte à puce. Ainsi, si le terminal reçoit des blocs de ce type dans lesquels il reconnaît l'identifiant de la carte à puce, ces blocs ne sont pas pris en compte. Les perturbations n'ont donc qu'une probabilité infime de conduire à un traitement de la part du terminal. L'homme du métier saura mettre en œuvre une telle exclusion de traitement de façon appropriée. Le passage en mode bridé peut s'effectuer soit après la réception du S-Bloc de la carte, soit après l'émission du S-Bloc de confirmation.In the bridged mode, the terminal does not process certain blocks associated with the smart card. By block associated with the card will be designated any signal (including a background noise) in which the terminal recognizes or expects to recognize an identifier of the smart card. In bridled mode, the terminal can notably provide not to treat the I-Blocks or some S-Blocks associated with the smart card. Thus, if the terminal receives blocks of this type in which it recognizes the identifier of the smart card, these blocks are not taken into account. Disturbances therefore have only a very small probability of leading to processing by the terminal. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement such a treatment exclusion appropriately. Switching to bridged mode can occur either after receiving the S-Block from the card, or after issuing the confirmation S-Block.
Depuis le mode bridé, différents passages en mode normal sont envisagés.Since the bridled mode, different passages in normal mode are considered.
Selon l'exemple de la figure 5, le terminal est maintenu en mode bridé jusqu'à la révocation de ce mode par la carte à puce. La carte à puce pourra donc poursuivre l'exécution des tâches souhaitées et ne communiquer avec le terminal que lorsque cette exécution sera terminée. Ainsi, à l'étape 54, la carte à puce transmet un S-Bloc requérant le passage en mode normal du terminal. Le terminal est prévu pour traiter ce type de bloc en mode bridé. Après avoir traité ce bloc, le terminal repasse en mode normal. A l'étape 55, le terminal transmet à la carte un S-Bloc confirmant la révocation du mode bridé. La carte est ainsi informée que le terminal peut à nouveau traiter d'autres types de blocs.According to the example of Figure 5, the terminal is maintained in bridged mode until the revocation of this mode by the smart card. The smart card can therefore continue to perform the desired tasks and communicate with the terminal only when this execution is completed. Thus, in step 54, the smart card transmits an S-block requiring the normal mode of the terminal. The terminal is designed to handle this type of block in bridled mode. After treating this block, the terminal returns to normal mode. In step 55, the terminal transmits to the card an S-block confirming the revocation of the flanged mode. The card is thus informed that the terminal can again process other types of blocks.
En variante, le terminal peut repasser en mode normal à l'expiration d'une durée prédéterminée ou définie dans le S-Bloc requérant le passage en mode bridé. Lorsque la carte à puce a terminé l'exécution avant l'expiration de cette durée, elle peut transmettre un bloc de révocation au terminal. Le repassage en mode normal peut ainsi être effectué sans attendre l'expiration de la durée fixée. La carte à puce peut également déterminer qu'une durée supplémentaire est nécessaire pour l'exécution. La carte à puce transmet alors un bloc requérant la prolongation de cette durée. De tels blocs peuvent être transmis autant de fois que nécessaire pour que la carte puisse terminer l'exécution. De tels blocs peuvent être des S-Blocs identiques aux S-Blocs requérant un passage en mode bridé.Alternatively, the terminal can return to normal mode at the expiration of a predetermined duration or defined in the S-block requiring the transition to bridled mode. When the smart card has completed execution before the expiration of this period, it can transmit a revocation block to the terminal. Ironing in normal mode can be done without waiting for the expiration of the fixed time. The smart card may also determine that additional time is required for execution. The smart card then transmits a block requiring the extension of this duration. Such blocks can be transmitted as many times as necessary for the card to complete the execution. Such blocks may be S-Blocks identical to S-Blocks requiring a bridged mode transition.
Dans ce cas, on peut prévoir un mode bridé avec un traitement des blocs associés à la carte limité aux blocs de révocation et aux blocs de prolongation.In this case, it is possible to provide a bridged mode with processing of the blocks associated with the card limited to the revocation blocks and the extension blocks.
Selon une autre variante, on prévoit que la durée de maintien en mode bridé soit uniquement fixée par une durée définie dans un bloc de passage en mode bridé ou dans un bloc de prolongation. On limite ainsi les différents types de blocs que le terminal traitera en mode bridé. En l'absence de blocs de prolongation, le terminal peut même ne traiter aucun bloc associé à la carte durant le mode bridé.According to another variant, it is provided that the duration of holding in flange mode is only fixed by a defined duration in a block of passage in flange mode or in an extension block. This limits the different types of blocks that the terminal will handle in bridled mode. In the absence of extension blocks, the terminal can not even process any blocks associated with the card during the flanged mode.
La figure 6 illustre des exemples de nouveaux S- Blocs qui peuvent être mis en œuvre pour des transmissions au standard ISO 14443. Les S-Blocs requérant un passage en mode bridé, une prolongation de durée, fournissant une confirmation de prise en compte ou requérant une révocation de mode bridé peuvent notamment être identifiés par l'état des troisième et quatrième bits 61 de leur champ PCB. On pourrait également distinguer un bloc de passage en mode bridé et un bloc de révocation en utilisant un bit 62 RFU (Reserved For Use en langue anglaise) du champ d'informations.Figure 6 illustrates examples of new S-blocks that can be implemented for transmissions to the ISO 14443 standard. S-Blocks requiring a bridged mode transition, an extension of duration, providing confirmation of taking into account or requiring a bridged mode revocation can in particular be identified by the state of the third and fourth bits 61 of their PCB field. One could also distinguish a bridged mode block and a revocation block by using a RFU bit (Reserved For Use in English) of the information field.
Plusieurs stratégies de passage en mode bridé peuvent être envisagées. On peut notamment prévoir qu'à chaque erreur de transmission de bloc détectée, la carte à puce émet ensuite systématiquement un bloc requérant un passage en mode bridé dès qu'elle lance l'exécution d'une tâche. On peut également prévoir que la carte attende un nombre prédéfini d'erreurs de transmission pour émettre de telles requêtes systématiques. La carte peut également déterminer qu'une erreur de transmission de bloc n'a pas eu lieu depuis une durée prédéterminée ; elle n'émettra alors plus de façon systématique de telles requêtes à chaque lancement d'exécution d'une tâche. Bien que les exemples détaillés correspondent à un procédé de transmission au standard ISO 14443, on peut également appliquer cette invention à toute transmission radiofréquence par blocs entre un terminal et une carte à puce. Several strategies for switching to bridled mode can be envisaged. In particular, it can be provided that at each detected block transmission error, the smart card then systematically sends a block requiring a transition to bridged mode as soon as it starts the execution of a task. It can also be expected that the card expects a predefined number of transmission errors to issue such systematic requests. The card may also determine that a block transmission error has not occurred for a predetermined duration; it will then no longer systematically issue such requests each time a task is executed. Although the detailed examples correspond to an ISO 14443 standard transmission method, this invention can also be applied to any block radiofrequency transmission between a terminal and a smart card.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Procédé de transmission radiofréquences par blocs entre un terminal et une carte à puce, ce procédé comprenant une étape préalable (51) durant laquelle le terminal transmet un bloc de commande d'exécution d'une tâche à la carte à puce, le procédé étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend ensuite les étapes suivantes :A method of block radiofrequency transmission between a terminal and a smart card, said method comprising a prior step (51) during which the terminal transmits a command block for executing a task to the smart card, the method characterized in that it then comprises the following steps:
-la carte à puce transmet (52) au terminal un bloc requérant un passage en mode bridé et lance l'exécution de la tâche et ;the smart card transmits (52) to the terminal a block requiring a passage in bridled mode and starts the execution of the task and;
-le terminal reçoit le bloc et passe dans un mode bridé dans lequel il ne traite pas certains types de blocs associés à la carte à puce.the terminal receives the block and goes into a bridged mode in which it does not process certain types of blocks associated with the smart card.
2. Procédé de transmission selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le terminal transmet (53) à la carte à puce un bloc de confirmation de passage en mode bridé.2. Transmission method according to claim 1, characterized in that the terminal transmits (53) to the chip card a confirmation block of passage in flanged mode.
3. Procédé de transmission selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le terminal est maintenu en mode bridé jusqu'à réception (54) d'un bloc associé à la carte à puce requérant la révocation du mode bridé.3. A transmission method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the terminal is maintained in bridged mode until receipt (54) of a block associated with the smart card requiring the revocation of the flanged mode.
4. Procédé de transmission selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le terminal en mode bridé ne traite pas les blocs associés à la carte à puce autres que des blocs de révocation de mode bridé.4. Transmission method according to claim 3, characterized in that the terminal in flange mode does not does not process blocks associated with the smart card other than bridged mode revocation blocks.
5. Procédé de transmission selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que le terminal transmet (55) à la carte à puce un bloc de confirmation de révocation du mode bridé.5. Transmission method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the terminal transmits (55) to the chip card a revocation confirmation block flanged mode.
6. Procédé de transmission selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le terminal est maintenu en mode bridé jusqu'à expiration d'une durée prédéterminée.6. Transmission method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the terminal is maintained in bridged mode until expiry of a predetermined time.
7. Procédé de transmission selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que :Transmission method according to claim 6, characterized in that:
-la carte à puce détermine un besoin de prolongation du mode bridé ; -la carte à puce transmet un bloc requérant la prolongation de la durée prédéterminée ; -le terminal est maintenu en mode bridé jusqu'à expiration de la durée prolongée.the smart card determines a need to extend the bridled mode; the smart card transmits a block requiring the extension of the predetermined duration; the terminal is maintained in bridled mode until expiry of the extended duration.
8. Procédé de transmission selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le terminal en mode bridé ne traite pas les blocs associés à la carte à puce autres que des blocs de requête de prolongation.8. Transmission method according to claim 7, characterized in that the bridged mode terminal does not process the blocks associated with the smart card other than request extension blocks.
9. Procédé de transmission selon les revendications 3 et 1, caractérisé en ce que le terminal en mode bridé ne traite pas les blocs associés à la carte à puce autres que des blocs de requête de prolongation ou des blocs de révocation de mode bridé.Transmission method according to claims 3 and 1, characterized in that the bridged mode terminal does not process the blocks associated with the smart card. other than extension request blocks or bridged mode revocation blocks.
10. Procédé de transmission selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la transmission est conforme au standard ISO 14443.10. Transmission method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmission complies with the ISO 14443 standard.
11. Procédé de transmission selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les blocs de requête, et le cas échéant les blocs de confirmation, sont des blocs du type S-Bloc identifiés spécifiquement par les troisième et quatrième bits (61) de leur champ PCB.Transmission method according to claim 10, characterized in that the request blocks, and if necessary the confirmation blocks, are blocks of the S-block type identified specifically by the third and fourth bits (61) of their field. PCB.
12. Procédé de transmission selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la carte à puce détecte une erreur de transmission d'un bloc émis par le terminal et émet systématiquement un bloc requérant un passage en mode bridé lorsqu'elle lance l'exécution d'une tâche.12. Transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the smart card detects a transmission error of a block transmitted by the terminal and systematically sends a block requiring a transition to bridged mode when it starts the execution of a task.
13. Terminal de communication, caractérisé en ce qu'il est apte à passer en mode bridé lors de la réception d'un bloc de requête émis par une carte à puce selon le procédé de l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.13. Communication terminal, characterized in that it is able to go into bridged mode when receiving a request block issued by a smart card according to the method of any one of the preceding claims.
14. Carte à puce, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est apte à émettre un bloc de requête défini dans l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12. 14. Smart card, characterized in that it is able to issue a request block defined in any one of claims 1 to 12.
PCT/EP2005/053087 2004-07-23 2005-06-29 Protection against interference for a contactless chip card reading terminal WO2006010691A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0408209 2004-07-23
FR0408209A FR2873528B1 (en) 2004-07-23 2004-07-23 PROTECTION AGAINST DISTURBANCES OF A NON-CONTACT CHIP CARD READING TERMINAL

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006010691A1 true WO2006010691A1 (en) 2006-02-02

Family

ID=34947474

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2005/053087 WO2006010691A1 (en) 2004-07-23 2005-06-29 Protection against interference for a contactless chip card reading terminal

Country Status (2)

Country Link
FR (1) FR2873528B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2006010691A1 (en)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH113391A (en) * 1997-06-13 1999-01-06 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Communication method for non-contact ic card

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH113391A (en) * 1997-06-13 1999-01-06 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Communication method for non-contact ic card

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1999, no. 04 30 April 1999 (1999-04-30) *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2873528B1 (en) 2006-09-15
FR2873528A1 (en) 2006-01-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1135022C (en) Method for conveying control commands for SIM card from external apparatus to SIM card
EP2577554B1 (en) Method of managing communications with a nfc controller
US9907091B2 (en) Communication device, control method, and program
JP4878744B2 (en) Chip card with simultaneous contact and non-contact operation
CN101484873B (en) Simultaneous interface use
US20080121687A1 (en) Method and system for detecting an end of transaction for contactless transactions on a mobile device
JP2006074767A (en) Method for operating near field communication system
JP2007533016A (en) Method for selecting one or more transponders
EP2143053A1 (en) Method for communicating and transmitting a message relating to a transaction for a contactless application, terminal, secured module and associated systems
EP2003556A1 (en) Method of processing by a portable electronical device of applicative commands originating from physical channels, corresponding device and system
WO2006076990A1 (en) Communication set up between wire-less devices
EP1855230B1 (en) System and method for communications establishment
US8083140B1 (en) System and method of over-the-air provisioning
US20090085748A1 (en) Mitigating processing latency in rfid exchanges
WO2014001251A1 (en) Emulation of multiple nfc devices inside a communication device
EP1233531A1 (en) Information communication system, noncontact ic card, and ic chip
CN102884541A (en) Method for managing communication between electronic device (such as non-contact chip card) and communication apparatus (such as reader) and corresponding electronic device
JP4284745B2 (en) IC card communication system
WO2006010691A1 (en) Protection against interference for a contactless chip card reading terminal
US11652512B2 (en) Fast NFC processing
EP2976899B1 (en) Method and apparatus for providing an interface between a uicc and a processor in an access terminal that supports asynchronous command processing by the uicc
JP5724694B2 (en) COMMUNICATION DEVICE, COMMUNICATION METHOD, AND COMMUNICATION PROCESSING PROGRAM
US20090134977A1 (en) Method and apparatus for RFID device coexistance
WO2006010690A1 (en) Reduction of the influence of interference on a contactless chip card reading terminal
EP3177998B1 (en) Method for consulting the status of a resource of an electronic device, associated electronic entity and electronic device provided with such an electronic entity

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KM KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NG NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SM SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase