WO2006010327A1 - Procede de distribution de la puissance de frequence temporelle dans un systeme de communication - Google Patents

Procede de distribution de la puissance de frequence temporelle dans un systeme de communication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006010327A1
WO2006010327A1 PCT/CN2005/001129 CN2005001129W WO2006010327A1 WO 2006010327 A1 WO2006010327 A1 WO 2006010327A1 CN 2005001129 W CN2005001129 W CN 2005001129W WO 2006010327 A1 WO2006010327 A1 WO 2006010327A1
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Prior art keywords
time
frequency
frequency pattern
segment
patterns
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PCT/CN2005/001129
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bingyu Qu
Sha Ma
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Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority to EP05772414A priority Critical patent/EP1791282B1/en
Publication of WO2006010327A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006010327A1/zh
Priority to US11/627,203 priority patent/US7733828B2/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0003Two-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0005Time-frequency
    • H04L5/0007Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0042Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path intra-user or intra-terminal allocation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a technique for allocating time-frequency resources in a wireless communication system, and more particularly to a method for allocating time-frequency resources of a communication system using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing.
  • a wireless communication system that distinguishes geographical areas, such as a cellular wireless communication system, achieves frequency reuse by dividing geographically different communication areas to increase the capacity of the wireless communication system.
  • Each communication area can be referred to as a cell.
  • a simple frequency resource is allocated with a multiplexing factor of one, different cells use the same frequency, and signals of different cells operating at the same frequency interfere with each other.
  • Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology has received more and more attention in the application of cellular wireless communication systems due to its advantages of overcoming multipath and equalization processing.
  • the OFDM technology divides the time-frequency resources of the wireless communication system into a number of orthogonal narrow-band subchannels in the frequency domain, and the high-speed data streams are transmitted in parallel on each of the sub-mess t by serial-to-parallel conversion. Since the narrowband characteristics of the subchannel can overcome the multipath effect and maintain the orthogonality between the subchannels, the interference between users within the cell is small.
  • a method for allocating time-frequency resources of an OFDM communication system is provided in a PCT patent application entitled "PCT/000128", entitled “Multiplexing scheme in a communication system”, which ensures small intra-cell interference.
  • the averaging of inter-cell interference can also be achieved.
  • the method includes the following steps: generating a reference time-frequency pattern; generating a set of orthogonal time-frequency patterns from the reference time-frequency pattern; performing the set of orthogonal time-frequency patterns in each transmission time interval (TTI) Randomly varying cyclic shifts; assigning the resulting time-frequency pattern to one or more users and/or traffic channels.
  • TTI transmission time interval
  • the reference time-frequency pattern can be generated by a Costas sequence;
  • the cyclic shift of the random variation may be time-based or frequency-based; when the resulting time-frequency pattern is assigned to one or more users and/or traffic channels, a random manner may be employed.
  • the time-frequency resource of a wireless communication system using OFDM technology is a two-dimensional plane formed by a time domain and a frequency domain.
  • the bandwidth allocated by the entire wireless communication system is pre-divided into N subcarriers in the frequency domain, and the n subcarrier frequencies constitute a subband, and the frequency domain of the entire user and/or traffic channel is available. Resources are divided! ⁇ subband, the subband as a basic frequency unit.
  • one TTI is composed of M basic time units, and each basic time unit can be 1 OFDM symbol time, and thus the time-frequency plane in one TTI is a two-dimensional formed by M basic time units and F basic frequency units. A collection of grid points.
  • a time-frequency pattern is defined as a set of two-dimensional grid points on a time-frequency plane, and a time-frequency resource in a TTI can be divided into a set of mutually orthogonal time-frequency patterns by assigning a time-frequency pattern to one or more users and / or channel, to achieve the sharing of time-frequency resources.
  • each time-frequency pattern can be written in the form of a sequence of basic time unit indices in the form of a sequence of basic frequency unit indicators occupied within each basic time unit.
  • the sequence ⁇ (0), (1) ⁇ (2),..., ( ⁇ -1) ⁇ corresponds to the time-frequency pattern: the index of the frequency unit occupied in the first basic time unit is ( ) .
  • the Costas sequence of length F is defined as a permutation sequence of ⁇ 0, 1, U-1 ⁇ , satisfying: P i+n -Pi ⁇ P J+ diligent-Pj ' when , and + ⁇ 0,1, .. ., ⁇ .
  • the time-frequency pattern TF ⁇ is composed of TFP g and the length of TF is M.
  • M ⁇ F
  • TF 0 ° (k) p ⁇ k)
  • t 0, l, 2, ... (M-1 )
  • a plurality of orthogonal time-frequency patterns can generate a common orthogonal time-frequency pattern.
  • the set of time-frequency patterns will be used to allocate one or more users and/or traffic channels in the same cell.
  • the available time-frequency pattern is generated by random time-domain cyclic shift of the above-mentioned set of time-frequency patterns, for example, the time-frequency pattern 2 ⁇ >° is generated after the time domain cyclic shift is:
  • each cell has a specific multi-valued scrambling sequence of the current cell, which is used to control the time-domain cyclic offset that varies with the TTI. Since the scrambling code sequence has pseudo-randomness, even if two cells are in A TTI selects the same time domain loop offset to cause synchronization, and they are less likely to resynchronize in the next one.
  • the probability that two cells select the same time domain cyclic offset at a certain TTI is 1/M, once this happens, the time-frequency patterns available to the two cells are identical, and The situation that the traffic channels of the two cells are completely interfered by the other party occurs, resulting in a large error rate.
  • the traffic channel of the user in the cell can randomly select any one of the orthogonal time-frequency patterns generated in the cell within each TTI. At this time, if the time-frequency resources of the cell are not fully occupied, the probability that each time-frequency pattern and the neighboring cell completely overlap is less than 1/M, but will be greater than 1/(M*F).
  • the total number of available time-frequency patterns is only 15*12. Even in the most random case, the time-frequency pattern adopted by the user traffic channel in a cell is just adjacent. The probability of using the cell user traffic channel is also greater than 1/(15*12).
  • the allocation of time-frequency resources in the PCT application can work without resource planning at all. It uses the randomization of time offset to avoid the complete overlap of time-frequency patterns between cells, and uses the frequency offset to further reduce the overlap of traffic channels. Probability.
  • the available time offset and frequency offset are relatively limited, such randomization is not sufficient, and the probability of overlapping large granularity of the inter-cell traffic channel is high.
  • the symbol synchronization system it appears as a complete overlap of the time-frequency patterns, which appears as a partial overlap of each symbol in the time-frequency pattern under the symbol-synchronous system. This scheme leads to a higher bit error rate when there is a large granularity overlap. Summary of the invention
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a method for allocating time-frequency resources of a communication system, which does not require any resource planning, and ensures uniform interference between cells while ensuring small intra-cell interference.
  • a method for allocating a time-frequency resource of a communication system which is applied to a wireless communication system using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing technology, the method comprising:
  • the one or more time-frequency patterns described in step A can be divided into a plurality of groups, the time-frequency patterns in the same group are orthogonal to each other, and the intersections of different groups of time-frequency patterns are at most one.
  • the time-frequency pattern described in step A is a time-frequency pattern set having the largest number of groups satisfying the two-dimensional correlation property.
  • the cyclic sliding window for performing segmentation on the time-frequency pattern in step B is a time domain, or a frequency domain, or a combination of a time domain and a frequency domain.
  • the cyclic sliding window of a width or a plurality of widths for performing segment clipping on the time-frequency pattern adopts a cyclic sliding window of fixed time and/or frequency window position.
  • the step-frequency pattern formed in step B is: fixing the position of the sliding window according to each given window width, and traversing a time-frequency pattern group formed by one or more time-frequency patterns of step A to be orthogonal to each other a time-frequency pattern, obtaining a plurality of segment time-frequency patterns corresponding to the time-frequency pattern group, and then traversing the other time-frequency pattern groups formed by one or more time-frequency patterns of the step A in the same manner, respectively, and obtaining each time-frequency pattern a plurality of segment time-frequency patterns corresponding to the pattern group, and the obtained plurality of segment time-frequency patterns corresponding to each time-frequency pattern group are orthogonal to each other;
  • Step C forming a plurality of different segment time-frequency pattern groups according to the obtained segment time-frequency pattern: forming a segment time-frequency pattern according to the plurality of segment time-frequency patterns obtained by traversing each time-frequency pattern group in step B Group, and each of the obtained time-frequency pattern groups corresponds to the original time-frequency pattern group.
  • the selection mode of the random change selection in step D is determined by the multi-value pseudo-random sequence specified by the cell.
  • one or more segment time-frequency pattern groups selected by random variation can fill the time-frequency resources in the transmission time interval without overlapping in each transmission time interval.
  • the manner in which the time-frequency pattern in the selected segment time-frequency pattern group is assigned to one or more users and/or traffic channels is randomly varied according to each transmission time interval.
  • the one or more time-frequency patterns described in step A exceed the total number of frequency domain basic units occupied by the wireless communication system, and the segment width of the frequency domain cyclic sliding window whose window width is the total number of frequency domain basic units is performed in step B. .
  • the one or more time-frequency patterns described in step A are generated by one or more sequences, wherein the time-frequency pattern represented by the sequence is a mapping of frequency unit indicators corresponding to each basic time unit, or a time corresponding to each basic frequency unit. Mapping of unit metrics.
  • the basic frequency unit is a subcarrier frequency.
  • the sequence is a Costas sequence, or a Latin square sequence, or a modified Latin square sequence, or a linear hyperbolic sequence, or a modified linear hyperbolic sequence.
  • the sequence is a Costas sequence, which is obtained from the Welch construct.
  • the method further includes the process of transmitting the data stream using the time-frequency pattern described in step E: the data stream of one or more users and/or traffic channels to be transmitted by the sender is mapped to one or more users and/or correspondingly Or transmit on the time-frequency pattern of the traffic channel.
  • the method further includes the process of receiving the data stream using the time-frequency pattern described in step E: the receiver resolves from the received data stream according to the time-frequency pattern occupied by one or more users and/or traffic channels as described in step E. The data of the corresponding one or more users and/or traffic channels is mapped out.
  • the present invention forms a plurality of segment time-frequency patterns by intercepting segments of a longer time-frequency pattern having good correlation properties, and then forming a plurality of segment time-frequency pattern groups by the segment time-frequency pattern, each TTI
  • the random selection of the segment time-frequency pattern set, and then the fragment time-frequency pattern in the selected time-frequency pattern group forms a physical resource occupied by one or more users and/or traffic channels in a random manner.
  • only one segment of a time-frequency pattern in the case is used, or only two segments of two time-frequency patterns in the case of ⁇ > are utilized.
  • to form a reference time-frequency pattern and then use the cyclic translation of the reference time-frequency pattern to generate a time-frequency pattern group.
  • the fragmentation method of the invention increases the number of time-frequency patterns that can be used in the transmission time interval, and at the same time fully inherits the good correlation property of the long-time frequency pattern, and reduces the probability that the traffic channels of different cells completely overlap.
  • the time-frequency resource of the present invention in a transmission time interval can be filled with a plurality of fragment time-frequency pattern groups, so that the probability that different cells completely overlap in one transmission time interval is smaller, and instead more is replaced.
  • the overlap of small granularity changes the distribution of overlapping time-frequency resources.
  • the frequency domain can form a large number of small-frequency time-frequency patterns on the basis of the sub-carrier frequency, and then select a number of time-frequency patterns according to the user's business requirements to generate user industry words.
  • the method can further increase the number of time-frequency patterns available in the transmission time interval, and reduce the probability that the user traffic channels are completely coincident.
  • the time-frequency pattern in the present invention can be obtained not only by the Costa sequence, but, for example, a Costas sequence having a good two-dimensional correlation property generated by the Welch structure is given in the present invention. But also It is obtained by a sequence having a good two-dimensional correlation property such as a Latin square sequence, or a modified Latin square sequence, or a linear hyperbolic sequence, or a modified linear hyperbolic sequence.
  • the method provided by the invention does not require any time-frequency resource planning, and the inter-cell interference is sufficiently averaged while keeping the intra-cell interference small.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a time-frequency pattern corresponding to a long sequence according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a time-frequency pattern of a service channel assignment of a user of a cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. Mode for carrying out the invention
  • the time-frequency resource of the cellular radio communication system based on the OFDM technology is represented as a two-dimensional plane formed by the time domain and the frequency domain, and the time-frequency plane within one TTI is composed of M basic time units and N basic frequency units. A collection of two-dimensional lattice points formed.
  • the basic time unit is one OFDM symbol time and one basic frequency unit is one subcarrier frequency.
  • the basic time unit may also be composed of a plurality of OFDM symbols
  • the basic frequency unit may also be composed of a plurality of subcarrier frequencies, that is, subbands composed of a plurality of subcarrier frequencies.
  • the time-frequency pattern is defined as a set of two-dimensional grid points on the time-frequency plane, and a time-frequency plane of a TTI can be composed of a set of orthogonal time-frequency patterns.
  • the sharing of time-frequency resources is achieved by assigning time-frequency patterns to one or more users and/or traffic channels.
  • Step 100 Set more than one time-frequency pattern for the time-frequency resource according to a certain rule.
  • Step 101 Intercept the segments in the cyclic sliding window of the same width or different width from the plurality of time-frequency patterns formed in step 100 to form a new one. Fragment time-frequency pattern;
  • Step 102 The new segment time-frequency pattern formed by step 101 constitutes a plurality of different segment time-frequency pattern groups, and the segment time-frequency patterns in each group are orthogonal;
  • Step 103 Within each TTI, randomly select one or more sets of the segment time-frequency pattern groups described in step 102;
  • Step 104 Allocate a time-frequency pattern in the selected segment time-frequency pattern group to one or more users and/or traffic channels in the cell.
  • the one or more time-frequency patterns set in step 100 satisfy the two-dimensional correlation property: the time-frequency patterns in each group are orthogonal, and the intersections of different groups of time-frequency patterns are at most one.
  • the integer variable t is used to identify different groups
  • the integer variable f is used to identify different sequences within the group.
  • the sequence used to form the time-frequency pattern set in step 100 may be the Costas sequence.
  • the Costas preface ij can be found in "Solomon W. Golomb and Oscar Moreno, "On Periodicity properties of Costas Arrays and A Conjecture on Permutation Polynomials", IEEE Tran. On Information Theory, Vol. 42, No. 6 November 1996.
  • the generation method of the Costas sequence generated by the exponential or logarithmic Welch construct is as follows.
  • t can take the value 0X..., p-2, a total of one, the superscript represents the translation of the modO_l) of the domain of the sequence.
  • the frequency unit indicator corresponding to the unit such as 4 (k) indicates that the index of the frequency unit corresponding to the first time unit is the mode a of generating the time-frequency pattern, and the property 1 indicates that the same frequency is translated/corresponding to the same
  • the time-frequency patterns are orthogonal; the Shield 2 indicates that there are at most one intersection point for the two time-frequency patterns corresponding to the two different time-cycle translations.
  • the more than one time-frequency pattern in the step 100 of the present invention is a set of time-frequency patterns having the largest number of groups satisfying the two-dimensional correlation property, that is, if there is another time-frequency group, a time-frequency group that already satisfies the two-dimensional correlation property can be added. Still maintaining a two-dimensional correlation property, the present invention employs a larger set of time-frequency pattern sets.
  • the maximum number of groups of n-order Latin squares is n-1.
  • the Costas sequence forms the Latin squares of (q-l)*q rectangles.
  • the Costas sequence The largest number of groups formed is the q-1 group. It is proved that the time-frequency pattern in the step 100 of the Costas sequence generation is the largest group.
  • Other sequences such as the Latin square sequence, the modified Latin square sequence, the linear hyperbolic sequence and The linear hyperbolic sequence can also prove the maximum number of groups. By choosing a complete time-frequency pattern, • maximum randomization can be obtained.
  • the time-frequency pattern set in step 100 may exceed the sub-carrier frequency occupied by the communication system.
  • the time-frequency pattern on the sub-carrier frequency occupied by the communication system may be obtained by intercepting, for example, in the case of a Costas sequence, one may be selected.
  • the time-frequency pattern set in step 100 may also not occupy the sub-carrier frequency occupied by the communication system.
  • step 101 the segment in the cyclic sliding window is intercepted in the time-frequency pattern in step 100, where the cyclic sliding window may be in the time domain, in the frequency domain, or in the time domain and the frequency domain. combination.
  • the width s of the sliding window is usually smaller than the time length r of the time-frequency pattern in the step loo.
  • the application number is
  • step 100 there are 705 subcarrier frequencies and 12 OFDM symbols in one TTI.
  • the frequency unit is a subcarrier frequency
  • the width S of the time domain sliding window can be selected as the number 12 of OFDM symbols in the TTI, which is much smaller than the length 708 of the time-frequency pattern.
  • Each time-frequency pattern in step 100 can intercept a time segment of length S.
  • the width of the sliding window is generally the maximum value of the frequency index of the time-frequency pattern in step 100.
  • Each of the time-frequency patterns in step 100 can intercept F frequency segments of length R.
  • the interception of fragments can also be performed simultaneously in the time domain and the frequency domain.
  • the time-frequency pattern described in step 100 exceeds the total number of frequency domain basic units occupied by the communication system
  • the time domain cyclic sliding window is intercepted in step 101
  • the window width is simultaneously used as the frequency domain of the total number of basic units in the frequency domain. Interception of the circular sliding window. This is equivalent to removing the point where the frequency index in each segment of the time-frequency pattern is greater than the total number of basic units in the frequency domain, that is, the points beyond the frequency resource range are removed.
  • a minimum prime number greater than N can be selected to generate a Costas sequence of length 7-1, at the above time frequency
  • the interception of the segment in step 101 also needs to be truncated in the frequency domain on the basis of the truncation of the original time domain sliding window, and the time when the frequency index does not belong to ⁇ 0, 1, ..., N - 1 ⁇ is removed.
  • the point in the frequency pattern This is equivalent to the truncation of the frequency domain sliding window with window width.
  • segmentation only one window width or frequency domain or combination of time domain and frequency domain is used.
  • Sliding window It is also possible to use a variety of window width sliding windows, which is usually applied when the time-frequency plane in a TTI needs to be filled by multiple time-frequency patterns of different time widths of the fragment time-frequency pattern group without overlapping. .
  • the time and/or frequency cyclic shift that normally satisfies one of the time-frequency patterns still belongs to this set, such as the time-cycle shift of the time-frequency pattern generated by the Costas sequence and The frequency cyclic shift is still within the set of time-frequency patterns.
  • step 101 when one or more window width circular sliding windows are intercepted for more than one time-frequency pattern in step 100, the time and/or frequency position of the cyclic sliding window may be fixed, ie, step 100 A cyclic sliding window of a width or a plurality of widths in which the time-frequency pattern belongs to the clip is fixed at a fixed time A cyclic sliding window of the position of the inter- and/or frequency window. That is, only the non-repeating segment time-frequency pattern is retained.
  • step 102 a new set of fragment time-frequency patterns formed in step 101 is formed into a plurality of different segment time-frequency pattern groups, and the time-frequency patterns in each group are orthogonal.
  • a segment time-frequency pattern is obtained, specifically, for each given window width, fixed sliding Positioning the window, traversing a time-frequency pattern group formed by one or more time-frequency patterns set in step 100, obtaining a fragment time-frequency pattern corresponding to the time-frequency pattern in the time-frequency pattern group, and obtaining the fragment time patterns
  • the frequency patterns are still orthogonal to each other, and the segment time-frequency pattern group naturally formed by the slice time-frequency patterns obtains a segment time-frequency pattern group of step 102.
  • step 100 In order to obtain a plurality of segment time-frequency pattern groups, it is also necessary to traverse the other time-frequency pattern groups formed by one or more time-frequency patterns of step 100 in the same manner as in step 101, thereby forming a plurality of segment time-frequency pattern groups.
  • the segment time-frequency pattern set thus formed maintains the two-dimensional correlation property of the original time-frequency pattern group in step 100, naturally forming the desired segment time-frequency pattern group in step 102, and these fragment time-frequency pattern groups are used in step 101.
  • different sliding window positions can be changed to obtain a segment time-frequency pattern group.
  • the time and/or frequency window position of the sliding window may be fixed.
  • segment time-frequency pattern group still satisfies the two-dimensional correlation property and does not increase the total number of intersection points.
  • two fragment time-frequency patterns of length S of different segment time-frequency pattern groups are respectively derived from different time shifts of the long time-frequency pattern of the same step 100 or long time-frequency in two steps 100 of at most n intersections. pattern.
  • step 100 is usually required. In the time-frequency pattern, the two different time shifts get between The intersection between the time-frequency patterns is at most "one.”
  • step 101 a t e ⁇ 0, l, ..., - 2 ⁇ is fixed to fix a window position.
  • fe ⁇ 0X2,...,p -l ⁇ we get a time-frequency pattern segment that is orthogonal to each other in the segment time-frequency pattern group.
  • te ⁇ , ⁇ ,.,., ⁇ - 2 ⁇ we traverse all the te ⁇ , ⁇ ,.,., ⁇ - 2 ⁇ .
  • segment time-frequency pattern groups are the group of time-frequency pattern patterns required in step 102.
  • t is the time shift, that is, the orthogonal time-frequency pattern inside the clip time-frequency pattern group is obtained by frequency shifting, and the different clip time-frequency pattern groups are obtained by different time shifts.
  • / represents time shifting
  • t represents frequency shifting, that is, the time-frequency shifting of the orthogonal time-frequency pattern inside the segment time-frequency pattern group, 'different segment time-frequency pattern groups are different through Frequency translation is obtained.
  • step 103 for the segment time-frequency pattern group obtained in step 102, one or more groups are randomly selected for each TTI according to a specific selection manner of the cell.
  • the time-frequency plane within one TTI can be divided into different blocks, and each segment selects a segment time-frequency pattern group, without overlapping filling
  • the full-time communication system has a time-frequency plane within a TTI. For example, if a TTI has a length of 2w, then all the fragment time-frequency patterns of the two-segment time-frequency pattern group of length can be selected to fill the time-frequency plane in the TTI without overlapping.
  • the time-frequency plane in the TTI can be filled by time-frequency patterns in different lengths of the segment time-frequency pattern group, and the fragment-time-frequency patterns of different lengths are obtained by the interception of the cyclic sliding windows of different widths in step 101.
  • the time-frequency plane in the TTI can also be filled by the plurality of fragment time-frequency pattern groups.
  • selecting a segment time-frequency pattern group smaller than the TTI time and/or the frequency length to fill the time-frequency plane in the TTI can reduce the granularity of resource allocation, and change the conflict if the probability of the total collision amount remains unchanged.
  • the probability distribution further reduces the probability of complete collision of large granularity.
  • the selection of the segment time-frequency pattern group within each TTI may take the form of a multi-valued scrambling code similar to a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, with random values.
  • WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • t represents a different time shift, that is, step 103 selects different clip time-frequency by randomly selecting different time shifts.
  • Pattern group When the sequence generation mode b generates a time-frequency pattern, t represents a different frequency shift, that is, step 103 selects different segment time-frequency pattern groups by randomly selecting different frequency frequency shifts.
  • one or more users and/or channels in the cell may be mapped to one or more time-frequency patterns of the segment time-frequency pattern group selected in step 103, that is, within one cell.
  • One or more user and/or traffic channels are comprised within the TTI by one or more different segment time-frequency patterns within the set of fragment time-frequency patterns.
  • a higher rate of service data is output by multiplexing a plurality of fragment time-frequency patterns, and a user's industry usually occupies a plurality of time-frequency patterns.
  • step 104 one or more users and/or traffic channels in the cell occupy one or more time-frequency patterns in the segment time-frequency pattern group selected in step 103 in the randomization interval in each TTI. In a random manner. When the intra-cell time-frequency resources are not fully occupied, the random manner can further reduce the possibility that two users of the two cells simultaneously adopt the same time-frequency pattern.
  • step 104 allocates a fragment time-frequency pattern by selecting a different frequency shift.
  • the time-frequency pattern within the group is given to one or more users and/or traffic channels; when the sequence is generated by mode b, / represents a different time shift, ie step 103 is selected by selecting different time shifts to allocate the segments
  • the time-frequency pattern in the frequency pattern group is given to one or more users and/or traffic channels.
  • a continuous frequency translation index can be used to form a traffic channel composed of multiple time-frequency patterns; Continuous time shifting indicators to form a traffic channel formed by a plurality of time-frequency patterns. Each TTI is formed when a traffic channel is formed by a continuous time-frequency pattern The indicator of the start of the traffic channel can be randomly selected.
  • the wireless communication system typically includes other channels such as a signaling channel, a common pilot channel, and the like.
  • other channels such as a signaling channel, a common pilot channel, and the like.
  • some time-frequency resources can be reserved for use by other channels such as a common channel by using the method provided by the present invention.
  • a transmitting device in a wireless communication system is designed, and steps 100 to 104 are implemented, according to one or more users and/or time-frequency patterns occupied by the user, one or more users and The data mapping of the /traffic channel is transmitted on the time-frequency plane.
  • Such a device may be a downlink transmitting device in a wireless communication system or an uplink transmitting device in a wireless communication system. Therefore, a wireless communication system is constructed that does not require resource planning at all, and the wireless communication system includes at least one such transmitting device.
  • a receiving device in the wireless communication system can be designed, and the receiving device implements steps 100 to 104, and receives from the time-frequency pattern occupied by one or more users and/or traffic channels.
  • the corresponding data is extracted from the data stream.
  • the transmitting device at least includes data encoding, modulation, time-frequency resource allocation, IFFT, D/A, etc.; the receiving device includes at least data AID, FFT, time-frequency resource de-mapping, demodulation, decoding, and the like.
  • the time-frequency pattern in step 100 can be generated using a Latin square sequence or a modified Latin square sequence.
  • Latin Square Sequence Construction References "Flarion Technologies, INC. US 6553019 Bl, Communications system employing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing based spread spectrum multiple access, 4/22, 2003"
  • the time-frequency pattern 9 can be formed by the way a or the mode b of the time-frequency pattern generated by the sequence.
  • the mode b means that the time unit corresponding to the first basic frequency unit is ⁇ (0. This represents the multiplication factor, and f represents the time shift.
  • the defined property 1 and property 2 are thus defined.
  • step 101 the long-time frequency pattern in step 100 is intercepted by using a time domain sliding window of length S ⁇ N-1, and a multiplication factor te ⁇ l, 2, . . . , Nl ⁇ is fixed, and a time domain sliding is fixed.
  • a time domain sliding window of length S ⁇ N-1 a time domain sliding window of length S ⁇ N-1
  • te ⁇ l, 2, . . . , Nl ⁇ is fixed
  • a time domain sliding is fixed.
  • all of the time shifting fe ⁇ 0, 1, 2, ..., N - 1 ⁇ obtained fragment time-frequency patterns form an orthogonal time-frequency pattern within a set of fragment time-frequency patterns.
  • step 102 all the t e ⁇ l, 2, ..., Nl ⁇ are traversed, and all the fragment time-frequency pattern groups whose window width is S are obtained.
  • a multiplication factor t e ⁇ l, 2 is randomly selected according to the cell-specific scrambling code of values ⁇ 1, 2, ..., N-1 ⁇ . .., N-1 ⁇ , to select a segment time-frequency pattern group.
  • step 104 after the segment time-frequency pattern group is selected, the time-frequency patterns of the different time shifts within the randomly selected segment time-frequency pattern group are allocated to one or more users and/or traffic channels.
  • the different segment time-frequency pattern groups in step 102 are obtained by different time shifting; the segment time-frequency allocated by the user's traffic channel in step 104
  • the pattern is realized by selecting different multiplication factors.
  • selecting a fragment time-frequency pattern group is not filled with the time-frequency plane in each TTI, but a different sub-space in the time-frequency plane according to the difference of the ⁇ value.
  • Carrier wave at this time, it is possible to randomly select a segment time-frequency pattern group with a frequency domain window width of one to fill this sub-carrier frequency, and ensure a good correlation property.
  • step 102 the segment time-frequency pattern allocated by the user's traffic channel is realized by selecting different time shift amounts.
  • step 104 the segment time-frequency pattern allocated by the user's traffic channel is realized by selecting different time shift amounts.
  • linear hyperbolic sequences or modified linear hyperbolic sequences can be employed. For a construction of a linear hyperbolic sequence, reference is made to Flarion Technologies. INC. WO/03001696 A2, Method of tone allocation for tone hopping sequences. 03/01.2003.
  • / can take the value 1, 2, N-1, a total of N-1.
  • the time-frequency pattern can be formed by mode a or mode b.
  • the basic frequency unit be a subcarrier
  • the basic time unit is an OFDM symbol
  • the number of traffic channels in the area is also four.
  • f is used to indicate different groups.
  • the manner a is used as a method of forming a time-frequency pattern in a sequence, that is, the value corresponding to the item of the sequence label indicates the value of the frequency unit occupied by the time-frequency pattern in the time unit of the label.
  • Sequence (0,0,:) The corresponding pattern is shown in Figure 1.
  • the time domain sliding window is intercepted? (t, /, 0 is obtained, and the time domain sliding window interception (t + t Q , /, ) with the starting position of 0 is the same, and thus different from each other.
  • the time domain sliding window position corresponds to different orthogonal segment time-frequency pattern groups, there are 16 groups, 17 segment time-frequency patterns in each group, and the time-frequency patterns in the same group are cyclically shifted by different frequencies of the same time-frequency pattern. And can fill the time-frequency plane in the entire ⁇ .
  • the thus formed segment time-frequency pattern group still satisfies: the time-frequency pattern in the same group has no intersection, and any two time-frequency patterns in different groups have at most one intersection.
  • each industry channel is composed of four or five segment time-frequency patterns in the current orthogonal segment time-frequency pattern group, and constitutes the same industry. These patterns of the track may be continuous with subscripts or discontinuous.
  • Each cell in each of the two cells can randomly select the time-frequency pattern occupied by the channel, for example, the cell ⁇ is currently composed of ⁇ ⁇ , ! ⁇ , and the traffic channel 2 is ⁇ , , 3 6 , ⁇ Composition, traffic channel 3 is composed of ⁇ , , ), ⁇ , traffic channel 4 is composed of ⁇ 2 , 3 , 4 , Zf 5 ⁇ , and cell B is composed of ⁇ 6 3 , 4, , ⁇ on the current TTI traffic channel 1 , traffic channel 2 consists of ⁇ 6 7 , 6 8 , , .
  • traffic channel 3 consists of ⁇ L 6 U , L 6 12 , L 6 13 , I ⁇
  • traffic channel 4 consists of ⁇ 5 , 4, ⁇ ⁇ . , _ composition, in this case, the intersection of any two traffic channels of the two cells is at most four.
  • FIG. 2 it consists of four segment time-frequency patterns, each of which represents a time-frequency pattern.
  • different segment time-frequency pattern groups are obtained by different time shifting; the time-frequency pattern in the orthogonal segment time-frequency pattern group of the user's traffic channel allocation is selected by different cyclic frequency shift amounts. Realized.
  • the time-frequency patterns set in step 100 can also be grouped such that the time-frequency patterns in each group are formed by different cyclic shifts of their first time-frequency patterns.
  • the first time-frequency pattern of the different groups is L Different cyclic shifts.
  • t is used to indicate different groups, and the time-frequency pattern in each group is the first time-frequency pattern After different cycles, the time shift is formed.
  • the segment time-frequency pattern group composed of the segments intercepted by the time domain sliding window of all the different positions is the same, so only the fixed time domain sliding window position needs to be traversed, and all the frequency shifts can be traversed.
  • the fixed sliding window position is 0, and all frequency shifts are traversed to obtain different orthogonal segment time-frequency pattern groups.
  • different segment time-frequency pattern groups are obtained by different frequency shifting; the time-frequency pattern in the orthogonal segment time-frequency pattern group of the user's traffic channel allocation is selected by selecting different cyclic time shift amounts. Realized.

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Description

一种通信系统时频资源的分配方法 技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信系统分配时频资源的技术, 特别涉及一种使用正交频 分复用技术的通信系统的时频资源的分配方法。 发明背景
利用地理区域进行区分的无线通信系统 , 例如蜂窝无线通信系统, 通过划 分地理上不同的通信区域而实现频率重用, 以提高无线通信系统的容量。 每一 个通信区域可以被称为一个小区 (cell )。 当釆用简单的复用因子为一的频率资 源分配时, 不同小区采用相同的频率, 因而工作于同一频率的不同小区的信号 之间会相互干扰。
正交频分复用 (OFDM )技术由于其克服多径、 均衡处理筒单等特性在蜂 窝无线通信系统的应用中越来越受到重视。 OFDM技术将无线通信系统的时频 资源在频域内分为若干正交的窄带子信道, 高速数据流通过串并变换在各个子 信t上并行传输。 由于子信道的窄带特性可以克服多径影响, 并保持子信道之 间的正交性, 从而保证了小区内部用户之间的干扰很小。 在申请号为 "PCT/04/000128",名称为 "Multiplexing scheme in a communication system"的 PCT专利申请中给出一种 OFDM通信系统时频资源的分配方法,该方法在保证 小区内干扰很小的情况下, 还能够做到小区间干扰的平均化。 该方法的一个特 征是不需要频率规划, 特别适用于频率重用因子为一的情况。 具体地, 该方法 包含如下几步: 生成一个基准时频图案; 由该基准时频图案生成一组正交时频 图案; 在每个传输时间区间(TTI )对该组正交时频图案进行随机变化的循环移 位; 把得到的时频图案分配给一个或多个用户和 /或业务信道。
在该 PCT申请中, 基准时频图案可以通过 Costas序列生成; 对正交时频图 案进行随机变化的循环移位可以是基于时间的, 也可以是基于频率的; 把得到 的时频图案分配给一个或多个用户和 /或业务信道时 , 可以采用随机的方式。
下面是该 PCT申请中的一个具体的实施例。
采用 OFDM技术的无线通信系统的时频资源是由时域和频域形成的二维平 面。 该方案中, 整个无线通信系统分配的带宽在频域被预先分成 N个子载频 ( subcarrier ), 连续 n个子载频又构成一个子频带 ( subbands ), 整个用户和 /或 业务信道可用的频域资源被分成! ^个子频带, 把子频带作为一个基本频 率单元。 同时, 一个 TTI由 M个基本时间单元构成, 每个基本时间单元可以为 1个 OFDM符号时间,因而一个 TTI内的时频平面就是由 M个基本时间单元和 F个基本频率单元形成的二维格点的集合。
一个时频图案定义为时频平面上的一组二维格点, 一个 TTI内的时频资源 可以被分割成一组互相正交的时频图案, 通过分配时频图案给一个或者多个用 户和 /或者信道, 实现时频资源的共享。
在该 PCT申请中, 每个时频图案可以按基本时间单元指标的顺序, 写成由 各基本时间单元内占用的基本频率单元指标的序列的形式。 例如, 序列 = Ρ(0), (1)^(2),..., (Μ- 1)}对应的时频图案为:在第 个基本时间单元内占用的 频率单元的指标为 ( )。
时频图案可以由一个长为 F的 Costas序列构造而成, 该 Costas序列如下: TFPgemrlc ={p(0),p(l p(2),...,p(F-l)}。
其中,长度为 F的 Costas序列 定义为 {0,1,U- 1}的一个置换序列,满足: Pi+n -Pi≠PJ+„-Pj ' 当 , 并且 + {0,1, ...,Π}。
时频图案 TF^由 TFPg , TF 的长度为 M,则当 M <= F时, TF0° (k) = p{k) , t = 0,l,2,...(M- 1), 即时频图案由 7F ge„ ^的前 Μ位组成的序列片断生成; 当 M> 时, =0,1,2,...( -1)时2^。°(^) = 7(^) , = F,(F + 1),.."(M— 1)时 7^。。(^ = ;?(Μ— A— , 即时频图案由 TFPgeneric级联其前 (M - F)个元素的逆序生成。 iZ, TFQ k) = s0° (k) k = 0,\,2,...,(M -l) , 则时频图案 TF。。经过频域循环移位 f 后 生 成 的 时 频 图 案 为 : 7^ (^ = 4 = 0,1,2,—(M -1) , 其 中 由此可以看出, 不同的频域循环移位生成不同的正交的时频图案, 一共可 以生成 种正交时频图案。 这组时频图案将用来分配给同一小区内一个或者多 个用户和 /或业务信道。 每一个 TTI内, 同一小区可用的时频图案由上述这组时 频图案经过随机的时域循环移位生成, 比如, 其中的时频图案 2Ϊ>°经过时域循 环移位后生成的图案为:
7^ (^) = (^) ^ = 0,1,2,...( -1) ,其中 = + Omod kf)。针对时频图案: 一共可以有 M种不同的时域循环移位。
为了减少小区间时频图案冲突,各小区有一个本小区特定的多值扰码序列 , 用来控制随 TTI变化的时域循环偏移 由于扰码序列具有伪随机性,所以即使 两个小区在某个 TTI选择了相同的时域循环偏移量而导致同步, 它们在下一个 ΤΉ再同步的可能性也会非常小。
虽然两个小区在某个 TTI选择了相同的时域循环偏移量的概率为 1/M, 可 是一旦出现这种情况, 就会导致两个小区可用的时频图案完全相同, 此时就会 出现这两个小区的业务信道受到对方的完全干扰的情况, 从而导致较大的误码 率。 为了进一步降低业务信道所受的干扰, 小区内用户的业务信道可以在每个 TTI 内随机选择小区内生成的 个正交的时频图案中的任何一个。 此时, 在小 区的时频资源没被完全占用的情况下, 每个时频图案和邻小区完全重叠的概率 小于 1/M, 但会大于 1/ ( M*F )。 例如: 当 M=12, F=15时, 可用的总的时频图 案个数只有 15*12种, 即使在最随机的情况下, 一个小区内用户业务信道采用 的时频图案刚好也被邻小区用户业务信道采用的概率也要大于 1/(15*12)。
由以上所述可以看出, 该 PCT申请中的时频资源的分配方式可以在完全不 需要资源规划的情况下工作。 它利用时间偏移量的随机化来尽量避免小区间时 频图案的完全重叠, 并利用频率偏移量的遣机化来进一步减少业务信道重叠的 概率。但该 PCT申请的实施例中因为可用的时间偏移量和频率偏移量比较有限, 因此这种随机化还不够充分, 会导致小区间业务信道的较大颗粒度重叠的概率 较高, 在符号同步系统下表现为时频图案的完全重叠 , 在符号不同步系统下表 现为时频图案内每个符号的部分重叠。 在出现较大颗粒度重叠的时候, 该方案 会导致较高的误码率。 发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的主要目的在于提供一种通信系统时频资源的分配方法, 该方法不需要任何资源规划, 在保证小区内干扰小的同时, 使小区间的干扰充 分平均化。
根据上述目的, 本发明的主要技术方案是这样实现的: 一种通信系统时频 资源的分配方法,应用于使用正交频分复用技术的无线通信系统,该方法包括:
A、 设置用于分配通信系统时频资源的一个以上的时频图案;
B、截取时频图案的一种宽度或者多种宽度的循环滑动窗内的片断,形成片 断时频图案;
C、根据得到的片断时频图案形成多个不同的片断时频图案组,每组内的片 断时频图案互相正交;
D、在每个传输时间区间内,随机变化地选择一组或者一组以上的片断时频 图案组;
E、分配选定的片断时频图案组内的时频图案给该传输时间区间内的一个或 者多个用户和 /或业务信道。
步骤 A所述一个以上的时频图案能够分成多个组 , 同一组内的时频图案互 相正交, 且不同组的时频图案之间交点至多为一个。
步驟 A所述的时频图案是满足二维相关性质的组数最大的时频图案集合。 步骤 B所述对时频图案进行片断截取的循环滑动窗为时间域的、 或频率域 的、 或时间域和频率域组合的。 步骤 B所述对时频图案进行片断截取的一种宽度或者多种宽度的循环滑动 窗采用固定时间和 /或频率窗口位置的循环滑动窗。
步骤 B所述形成片断时频图案为: 根据每个给定的窗口宽度, 固定滑动窗 的位置, 并遍历由步骤 A的一个以上的时频图案形成的一个时频图案组内互相 正交的时频图案, 得到与该时频图案组对应的多个片断时频图案, 之后再用同 样方式遍历步骤 A的一个以上的时频图案形成的其它时频图案组, 分别得到与 每个时频图案组对应的多个片断时频图案, 所得到的与每个时频图案组对应的 多个片断时频图案互相正交;
步驟 C所述才艮据得到的片断时频图案形成多个不同的片断时频图案组为: 根据步骤 B中遍历每个时频图案组所得的多个片断时频图案自然形成片断时频 图案组, 且所得到的每个片断时频图案组与原有的时频图案组——对应。
步驟 D所述随机变化选择的选择方式由小区指定的多值伪随机序列确定。 步骤 D所述在每个传输时间区间内, 随机变化选择的一个或者一个以上的 片断时频图案组能够无重叠地填满传输时间区间内的时频资源。
步驟 E所述分配选定的片断时频图案组内的时频图案给一个或多个用户和 / 或业务信道的方式根据每个传输时间区间随机变化。
步骤 A所述的一个以上的时频图案超出了无线通信系统占用的频域基本单 元总个数, 在步驟 B中进行窗宽为频域基本单元总个数的频域循环滑动窗的片 断截取。
步骤 A所述的一个以上的时频图案通过设置的一个以上的序列生成, 所述 序列表示的时频图案是各基本时间单元对应的频率单元指标的映射, 或者是各 基本频率单元对应的时间单元指标的映射。
所述基本频率单元是一个子载频。
所述序列是 Costas序列、 或者拉丁方序列、 或者修改的拉丁方序列、 或者 线性双曲序列、 或者修改的线性双曲序列。
所述序列为 Costas序列, 该序列由 Welch构造得到。 该方法进一步包括采用步骤 E所述的时频图案发送数据流的过程: 发送方将要发送的一个或者多个用户和 /或业务信道的数据流映射在相应 的分配给一个或者多个用户和 /或业务信道的时频图案上进行发送。
该方法进一步包括釆用步骤 E所述的时频图案接收数据流的过程: 接收方根据步骤 E所述的一个或者多个用户和 /或业务信道占用的时频图案 从接收的数据流中解映射出相应的一个或者多个用户和 /或业务信道的数据。
从上述方案可以看出, 本发明通过截取具有很好相关性质的较长时频图案 的片断形成多个片断时频图案, 再由片断时频图案形成多个片断时频图案组, 每个 TTI随机的选择片断时频图案组, 再由选定的时频图案组中的片断时频图 案以某种随机的方式形成一个或者多个用户和 /或业务信道占用的物理资源。 而 申请号为 "PCT/04/000128" 的 PCT申请的实施例中只利用了在 情况下 一个时频图案的一个片断, 或者只利用了在^ > 情况下两个时频图案的两个 片断, 来形成基准时频图案, 再利用基准时频图案的循环平移, 来生成时频图 案组。
本发明的这种片断化方法, 增加了传输时间区间内可以采用的时频图案的 个数, 同时又完全继承了长时频图案很好的相关性质, 降低了不同小区业务信 道完全重合的概率。 进一步地, 本发明在一个传输时间区间内的时频资源可以 用多个片断时频图案组填充, 这样不同小区在一个传输时间区间内完全重合的 概率就更小了, 取而代之的是更多较小颗粒度的重叠, 改变了重叠的时频资源 的分布。
本发明与现有技术不同的是, 频域可以在子载频的基础上先形成大量小粒 度的时频图案,然后按照用户的业务需求选取若干时频图案生成用户业^言道, 这种方式可进一步增加传输时间区间内可用的时频图案的个数, 降低用户业务 信道完全重合的概率。
进一步地, 本发明中时频图案不仅可以由 Costa序列得到, 例如, 本发明 中给出利用 Welch构造生成的具有很好二维相关性质的 Costas序列。 而且还可 以釆用拉丁方序列、 或者修改的拉丁方序列、 或者线性双曲序列、 或者修改的 线性双曲序列等具有很好二维相关性质的序列得到。 本发明提供的方法不需要 任何时频资源规划, 并在保持小区内干扰较小的同时, 使得小区间的干扰充分 平均化。 附图简要说明
图 1为本发明实施例中一个长序列对应的时频图案示意图。
图 2为本发明实施例中一个小区的一个用户的业务信.道分配的时频图案示 意图。 实施本发明的方式
为了使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚明白, 以下举实施例并参 照附图, 对本发明进行进一步详细说明。
本发明中,基于 OFDM技术的蜂窝无线通信系统的时频资源表示为由时域 和频域形成的二维平面, 一个 TTI内的时频平面是由 M个基本时间单元和 N 个基本频率单元形成的二维格点的集合。 通常, 基本时间单元为一个 OFDM符 号时间, 一个基本频率单元为一个子载频。 当然, 基本时间单元也可以由多个 OFDM符号组成, 基本频率单元也可以由多个子载频组成, 即由多个子载频构 成的子频带组成。 时频图案定义为时频平面上的一组二维格点, 一个 TTI的时 频平面可以由一组正交的时频图案组成。 通过将时频图案分配给一个或者多个 用户和 /或业务信道, 实现时频资源的共享。
本发明的通信系统时频资源的分配方法, 其具体实现步骤为:
步骤 100、 按照一定的规则为时频资源设置一个以上的时频图案; 步骤 101、 从步骤 100形成的多个时频图案中截取相同宽度或不同宽度的 循环滑动窗内的片断, 形成新的片断时频图案;
步骤 102、 由步骤 101形成的新的片断时频图案组成多个不同的片断时频 图案组, 每组内的片断时频图案是正交的; 步骤 103、 在每个 TTI内 , 随机变化地选择一组或者多组步骤 102所述的 片断时频图案组;
步骤 104、 分配选定的片断时频图案组内的时频图案给该 ΤΤΙ内一个或者 多个用户和 /或业务信道。
以下分别对每个步驟进行详细的说明:
在步骤 100中所设置的一个以上的时频图案, 满足二维相关性质: 每组内 的时频图案之间是正交的, 不同组的时频图案之间交点至多为一个。
步骤 100中的时频图案可以由满足二维相关性质的序列生成, 序列满足的 二维相关性质为: 由不同的组构成, 每组内序列之间是正交的, 不同组之间的 序列交点至多一个。 可以用数学语言描述为: 对不同的 t,/, 序列 p(t,f,i),i = 0X...,L -l , 满足性盾:
1 )对/ i≠/2 ' p t, Λ , ΐ)≠ pit, , , i = ο,ι,..., J - 1
2 )
Figure imgf000010_0001
0,1," " 一 1中相 同的元个数 ( element )至多一个。
这里整数变量 t用来标识不同的组, 整数变量 f用来标识组内不同的序列。 由序列形成时频图案, 形成的方式有两种, 第一种为: 序列表示为不同时 间单元对应的频率单元指标, 即;(t,/,f)表示第 ί个时间单元内占用的频率单元 的指标, 定义为方式 a; 第二种为: 序列表示为不同频率单元对应的时间单元 指标, 即 _p(t,/,0表示第 个频率单元内占用的时间单元的指标, 定义为方式 b。
用来形成步骤 100中设置的时频图案的序列, 可以是 Costas序列。 Costas 序歹 ij可以参考文献 "Solomon W. Golomb and Oscar Moreno, "On Periodicity properties of Costas Arrays and A Conjecture on Permutation Polynomials", IEEE Tran. On Information Theory, Vol. 42, No. 6 November 1996。 "
由指数或者对数 Welch构造生成 Costas序列的生成方法如下。
是一个素数, g是它的一个原根, 则由 {g1, ,...,^-1}形成的长为 -l的序 列是一个 Costas序列。 不妨假设通信系统占用的频率基本单元的数目 N为 或 1。 利用指数 Welch构造, 则定义 ={p( ),p(l),...,p(P-2)},p(k) = gk+1; 或者利用对数 Welch 构 造 , 贝' J 定 义 So0 ={_ρ(0),ρ(1), 2)} , 其 中 ; ) = log(A: + l) , log: gl -^ΐ,ΐ = θχ...,ρ-2。
定义 ={4(0),4(1),4(2),...,4θ- 2)}, 其中 4(Α) = (^(^) + /)ηι0(1 。 /可以取 值 0,1,..., -1 , 一共有 种, 下标表示序列值域的 mod_p平移。 定义 Sf l = {sf' (0), sf' (1), sf' (2),·.., f' (p-2)} , 其中 4 (k) = ((k + 1) modO— 1))。 t可以取值 0X...,p-2, 一共有 1种, 上标表示序列的定义域的 modO_l)的平移。
对于 4(ζ'),ζ· = 0,1,...,;7— 2 , f e{0X...,p-l},te{0X...,p-2} , 定义多个序列 p(t,f,i),i = 0X...,p-2, fe{0X...,p-l},t e {0,1,...,;? -2} , p(t,f,i) :=sf' (i), 由 Welch构 造 P道, p(t,f,i) = sf t (i) , i = 0X...,p-2, f e {Ο,Ι,.,., -1}, t e {0,1,..., -2} , 不同的 对 应不同的序列组, 不同的 /对应组内不同的序列, 满足性质 1和 2。
还 可 以 定 义 多 个 序 列 ,/,ζ
Figure imgf000011_0001
(i) , ζ· = 0,1,·..,;?- 2,^{0,1,..., ?- 1},/.ε{0,1,...,;?- 2}则同样满足性质 1 和 2,—点不同是这 样定义的每个序列组内的序列没有占满整个值域 [0, -1]。
设通信系统占用时频平面上 W个子载频, 当 Ν = ρ时, 可以采用 sf' = ( (o),4 (i),...,4 (p - 2)}表示每个时间单元对应的频率单元指标, 如 4 (k)表示 第 个时间单元对应的频率单元的指标是 即序列生成时频图案的方式 a, 此时性质 1表明对同一个 ^ 不同的频率平移 /对应的时频图案之间是正交的; 性盾 2表明,对于两个不同的时间循环平移 ^对应的两个时频图案, 交点至多有 一个。
当 N = -1时,可以采用 S〉 (0) (1),..., 40- 2)}表示每个频率单元对应的 时间指标的值, 即序列生成时频图案的方式 b, 此时性质 1表明, 对于同一个 频域循环平移 不同的时间平移 /对应的时频图案之间是正交的;性质 2表明, 对于具有两个不同的频域循环平移 t的时频图案交点至多有一个。 本发明通过 Welch构造的 Costas序列得到的时频图案, 在能够填满时频平 面的同时, 保持了至多只有一个交点的很好的性质。 而前面提到的申请号为 "PCT/004/000128"的 PCT申请中的 Γ4构造得到 Costas序列生成的时频图案交 点更多。
本发明步骤 100中的一个以上的时频图案是满足二维相关性质的组数最大 的时频图案的集合, 即如果还有一个时频组可以加入已经满足二维相关性质的 时频组, 仍然保持二维相关性质, 则本发明采用更大的时频图案组的集合。 根 据 J. H. van Lint and R. M. Wilson: A Course in Combinatorics, Second Edition, Cambridge University Press 1992, 2001 Latin squares理论, 知道 n阶的 Latin squares 的最大组数是 n-1。 Costas序列形成的是 (q- l)*q长方形的 Latin squares, 通过增力 p—列(g- 1,4- 2,...,0f , 则形成 q阶的 Latin squares„ 因此, Costas序列 形成的组数最大是 q-1组。 证明了 Costas序列生成的步骤 100中的时频图案是 组数最大的。 其它的序列, 例如拉丁方序列, 修改的拉丁方序列, 线性双曲序 列和线性双曲序列,可以同样证明组数最大的性质。通过选择完备的时频图案, •可以获得最大的随机化。
步驟 100中设置的时频图案, 可以超出通信系统占用的子载频, 在后续步 骤中可以通过截取得到通信系统占用的子载频上的时频图案, 例如 Costas序列 情况下, 可以选择一个不小于通信系统占用的子载频的最小的素数。 步骤 100 中设置的时频图案, 也可以不占满通信系統占用的子载频。
步骤 101中, 对步驟 100中的时频图案截取循环滑动窗内的片断, 这里循 环滑动窗可以是时域上的, 也可以是频域上的, 还可以是时域上和频域上的组 合。
当截取循环滑动窗宽度为 S的时域循环滑动窗内的片断时, 通常情况下, 滑动窗的宽度 s小于步骤 loo 中的时频图案的时间长度 r。 例如, 在申请号为
"PCT/004/000128" 的 PCT申请的一个例子中, 子载频的个数有 705个, 一个 TTI内的 OFDM符号为 12个。 在频率单元为子载频的情况下, 步骤 100中可 以选择 = 709的 Costas序列 4(0生成的时频图案, 生成的时频图案元素个数为 p - 序列采用方式 a生成时频图案时, 时频图案的长度 = ;?- 1 = 708 , 这时可 以选择时域滑动窗的宽度 S为 TTI内 OFDM符号的个数 12,远小于时频图案的 长度 708。 步骤 100中的每个时频图案可以截取 Γ个长度为 S的时间片断。
当截取滑动窗的宽度?的频域循环滑动窗内的片断时, 通常情况下, 滑动 窗的宽度 、于步骤 100中的时频图案的频率指标最大值 。 步驟 100中的每 个时频图案可以截取 F个长度为 R的频率片断。
片断的截取还可以在时域和频域上同时进行。 步骤 100所述的时频图案超 出通信系统占用的频域基本单元总个数时, 在步骤 101中进行时域循环滑动窗 截取时, 同时进行窗宽为频域基本单元总个数的频域循环滑动窗的截取。 这相 当于去掉了每个片断时频图案中频率指标大于频域基本单元总个数的点, 也即 去掉了那些超出频率资源范围的点。 例如, 在 Costas序列 (0情况下, 当通信 系统占用的频率子载频个数 N不为 或 时, 则可以选择一个大于 N的最小 素数 生成长为 7-1的 Costas序列, 在上述时频图案形成过程中, 步骤 101中 片断的截取还需要在原来的时域滑动窗截断的基础上进行频域的截断, 去掉频 率指标不属于 {0,1,...,N - 1}的时频图案中的点。 这相当于又进行了窗宽为 的频 域滑动窗的截断。 在进行片断截取时, 通常只采用一种窗宽的时域或者频域或 者时域和频域组合的滑动窗。 也可以采用多种窗宽的滑动窗, 这种方式通常应 用在一个 TTI内的时频平面需要由多个不同宽度的片断时频图案组的时频图案 无重叠填满的情况下。
由于步骤 100中的一个以上的时频图案组成的集合, 通常满足其中的一个 时频图案的时间和 /或频率循环平移仍然属于这个集合,例如 Costas序列生成的 时频图案的时间循环移位和频率循环移位仍在时频图案集合内。因此,步骤 101 中, 对步骤 100中的一个以上的时频图案进行一种或多种窗口宽度的循环滑动 窗的截取时, 可以固定循环滑动窗口的时间和 /或频率位置, 即对步驟 100中所 属的时频图案进行片断截取的一种宽度或者多种宽度的循环滑动窗采用固定时 间和 /或频率窗口位置的循环滑动窗。 即只保留不重复的片断时频图案。
步據 102中, 对步骤 101形成的新的片断时频图案集合, 组成多个不同的 片断时频图案组, 每组内的时频图案是正交的。
如果选择步骤 100的一个以上的时频图案, 满足二维相关性质: 可以分成 多个组, 每个组内的时频图案是互相正交的, 不同组中两元素之间的交点最多 为 n个, 则步骤 102中最终形成的多个不同的片断时频图案组可以看作是这样 形成的: 首先通过执行步骤 101得到片断时频图案, 具体是对每个给定的窗口 宽度, 固定滑动窗的位置, 遍历由步骤 100设定的一个以上的时频图案形成的 一个时频图案组, 得到该时频图案组中的时频图案所对应的片断时频图案, 所 得到的这些片断时频图案仍保持互相正交, 这些片断时频图案自然形成的这个 片断时频图案组就得到步骤 102的一个片断时频图案组。 为得到多个片断时频 图案组, 还需要以步驟 101中同样的方式再遍历步驟 100的一个以上的时频图 案形成的其它时频图案组, 则形成多个片断时频图案组。 这样形成的片断时频 图案组保持了步驟 100中原时频图案组的二维相关性质, 自然形成步骤 102中 的所需的片断时频图案组, 这些片断时频图案组与步骤 101中所使用的时频图 案组——对应。 进一步, 可以改变不同的滑动窗口位置, 得到片断时频图案组。 当步骤 100中的时频图案集合满足该集合中的时频图案在时间和 /或频率平移后 仍属于该集合的情况下, 可以固定滑动窗的时间和 /或频率窗口位置。
这样形成的片断时频图案组仍满足二维相关性质, 并且不会增加总的交点 个数。 例如, 不同片断时频图案组的两个长度为 S的片断时频图案分别来自同 一个步骤 100 的长时频图案的不同时间平移或至多有 n个交点的两个步骤 100 中的长时频图案。 由 "长时频图案至多有 w个交点或者长时频图案的不同时间 平移至多有"个交点"可知, 两个片断时频图案也最多只有 M个交点, 并且一旦 这两个片断时频图案出现 个交点, 则对应的, 这两个长时频图案的 S等分的 其它的成对的片断时频图案至多有 个交点。 由于考虑的通信系统可以不要 求时间同步, 因此通常要求步骤 100中的时频图案的不同时间平移之间得到两 个时频图案之间的交点至多为 "个。
在利用 Costas序列 (0形成时频图案的情况下, 满足上面的所有要求。 具 体地, 在步驟 101 中, 固定一个 t e {0,l,..., - 2} , 固定一个窗口位置, 遍历 f e {0X2,...,p -l} ,则得到一个片断时频图案组内互相正交的时频图案片断。再遍 历所有的 t e {Ο,Ι,.,.,ρ - 2} , 则得到多个不同的片断时频图案组内互相正交的时频 图案片断。 这些片断时频图案组就是步骤 102中所需的片断时频图案组。 在序 列生成时频图案的方式 a时, /表示频率平移, t表示时间平移, 即片断时频图 案组内部的正交时频图案是通过频率平移得到的, 不同的片断时频图案组是通 过不同的时间平移得到。 在序列生成时频图案的方式 b时, /表示时间平移, t 表示频率平移,即片断时频图案组内部的正交时频图案时通过时间平移得到的 , ' 不同的片断时频图案组是通过不同的频率平移得到的。
步骤 103中, 对步骤 102中得到的片断时频图案组, 才艮据小区的特定选取 方式, 每个 TTI随机地选取一组或多组。
对于用时间域和 /或频率域的循环滑动窗生成的片断时频图案组, 则一个 TTI 内的时频平面可以分割成不同的块, 每块选择一个片断时频图案组, 无重 叠地填满通信系统一个 TTI内的时频平面。 例如, 一个 TTI的长度为 2w , 则可 以选择长度为《的两个片断时频图案组的所有片断时频图案无重叠地填满 TTI 内的时频平面。 TTI 内的时频平面可以由不同长度的片断时频图案组内的时频 图案填充, 不同长度的片断时频图案由步驟 101中对不同宽度的循环滑动窗的 截取得到。 在步驟 100中的时频图案占用的频率子载波没有占满通信系统的频 率资源时, 通过多个片断时频图案组, 也可以填满 TTI内的时频平面。
这里,选取小于 TTI时间和 /或频率长度的片断时频图案组填满 TTI内的时 频平面, 可以减小资源分配的颗粒度, 保持总的冲突量的概率不变的情况下, 改变冲突的概率分布, 进一步减少了大颗粒度完全冲突的概率。
每个 TTI 内的片断时频图案组的选择可以采用类似于宽带码分多址 ( WCDMA ) 系统的取多值的扰码的形式, 随机取值。 当两个小区在同一时刻选择了步骤 102中相同的正交片断时频图案组, 则 由选择的随机性知道, 下一次两者再次选择相同正交片断时频图案组的可能性 是很小的。
具体地, 在利用 Costas序列 形成时频图案的情况下, 在序列通过方式 a生成时频图案时, t 表示不同的时间平移, 即步驟 103通过随机选择不同的 时间平移来选择不同的片断时频图案组; 在序列通过方式 b生成时频图案时, t 表示不同的频率平移, 即步骤 103通过随机选择不同的频率频移来选择不同的 片断时频图案组。
步骤 104 中,每个 TTI内, 小区内一个或者多个用户和 /或业 ^言道可以映 射到步骤 103中选取的片断时频图案组的一个或者多个时频图案上, 即一个小 区内一个或者多个用户和 /或业务信道在该 TTI内由片断时频图案组内的一个或 者多个不同的片断时频图案组成。 特别在基本频率单元采用子载频时, 通过需 要复用多个片断时频图案来输出更高速率的业务数据, 这时一个用户的一个业 ^言道通常占用多个时频图案。
在步骤 104中, 每个 TTI中的随机化区间内, 小区内的一个或者多个用户 和 /或业务信道占用步骤 103中选取的片断时频图案组内的一个或者多个时频图 案, 可以采用随机的方式。 当小区内时频资源没有完全占用时, 随机的方式可 以进一步降低两小区的两个用户同时采用完全相同的时频图案的可能性。
具体地, 在利用 Costas序列 (0形成时频图案的情况下, 在序列通过方式 a生成时频图案时, /表示不同的频率平移, 即步骤 104通过选择不同的频率平 移来分配片断时频图案组内的时频图案给一个或者多个用户和 /或业务信道; 在 序列通过方式 b生成时频图案时, /表示不同的时间平移, 即步骤 103通过选 择不同的时间平移来分配的片断时频图案组内的时频图案给一个或者多个用户 和 /或业务信道。 方式 a时, 可以利用连续的频率平移指标来形成由多个时频图 案组成的业务信道; 方式 b时, 可以利用连续的时间平移指标来形成由多个时 频图案形成的业务信道。 在通过连续时频图案形成业务信道的时候, 每个 TTI 可以随机地选择业务信道的开始的指标。
无线通信系统除了业务信道以外, 一般还包括信令信道, 公共导频信道等 其它信道。 考虑到这些公共信道的设计时, 使用本发明提供的方法, 可以预留 一些时频资源给公共信道等其它信道使用。
针对上述方法, 设计无线通信系统中的一种发射设备, 实现步骤 100 ~步 骤 104, 才艮据一个或者多个用户和 /或业^言道占用的时频图案, 将一个或者多 个用户和 /业务信道的数据映射在时频平面上发射。 这种设备, 可以是无线通信 系统中的下行链路的发射设备, 也可以是无线通信系统中的上行发送设备。 因 此, 建立一个完全不需要资源规划的无线通信系统, 此无线通信系统至少包含 一个这样的发射设备。
针对上述的发射设备, 相应地, 可以设计无线通信系统中的接收设备, 接 收设备实现步骤 100 ~步骤 104, 并且才艮据一个或多个用户和 /或业务信道占用 的时频图案, 从接收的数据流中提取出相应的数据。 发射设备至少包扩数据的 编码, 调制, 时频资源分配, IFFT, D/A等单元; 接收设备则至少包括数据的 AID, FFT, 时频资源解映射, 解调, 译码等单元。
本发明中, 步骤 100 中的时频图案可以采用拉丁方序列 (Latin square sequences ) 或者修改后的拉丁方序列生成。 拉丁方序列构造方式参考文献 "Flarion Technologies, INC. US 6553019 Bl, Communications system employing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing based spread spectrum multiple access, 4/22,2003"
设序列长度 N为一个素数, 修改后的拉丁方序列构造如下:
= 0(0)^0° (l)^0 0(2),...^0 0(iV-2)} , 其中 = +
此序列进行乘数为 /的乘法运算后得到序列:
Sf° = {sf a (0),sf 0 (l),sf 0 (2),...,sf 0 (N - 2)} , 其中 4(0 = (/ s0° (i))modN
/可以取值 1 , 2, N-1 , —共有 N-1种。 经过循环移位 ^, 得到的序列为: Sf' = {4(0),4(1),4(2),...,4(N— 2)} , 其中 4(0 = (sf°(i) + t)modN
可以取值 0, 1, 2, …, N-l, 一共有 N种。
可以定义;^,/,0 = (0。 步骤 100 中, 可以由序列生成时频图案的方式 a 或者方式 b形成时频图案 9 为了简单,我们仅采用方式 b形成时频图案为例子, 即 (0表示第 个基本频率单元对应的时间单元是 ^(0。这时 表示乘法因子, f 表示时间平移。 明显, 这样定义的 满足性质 1和性质 2。
步骤 101中,采用长度为 S<N-1的时域滑动窗截取步骤 100中的长时频图 案, 并固定一个乘法因子 te{l,2,...,N-l}, 固定一个时域滑动窗位置, 则所有的 时间移位 f e {0,1,2,...,N - 1}得到的片断时频图案形成一个片断时频图案组内的正 交的时频图案。
步骤 102 中, 遍历所有的 te{l,2,...,N-l}, 得到所有的窗宽为 S的片断时频 图案组。
步驟 103中,在长度为 S的 TTI区间内,根据小区特定的取值为 {1,2,...,N- 1} 的扰码, 随机选择一个乘法因子 te{l,2,...,N- 1}, 来选定一个片断时频图案组。
步骤 104中, 片断时频图案组选定后, 随机选择片断时频图案组内的不同 时间移位的时频图案分配给一个或者多个用户和(或)业务信道。
如果定义 _p(t,/,0 = 4(0, 则步骤 102 中不同的片断时频图案组是采用不同 的时间平移的方式得到的; 步骤 104中用户的业务信道所分配的片断时频图案 是通过选取不同乘法因子的方式实现的。 这时, 选择一个片断时频图案组填不 满每个 TTI内的时频平面, 而是根据 ^值的不同,在时频平面上空一个不同的子 载波, 这时可以随机选择用频率域窗口宽度为一的片断时频图案组填满这一个 子载频, 保证好的相关性质。
如果修改上面的定义,
Figure imgf000018_0001
其它 不变, 则是拉丁方序列。 这时, 定义 (,/,ί) = (0, 可以采用方式 b形成时频 图案, 其余的步驟类似。 该情况下, 步骤 102中不同的片断时频图案组是通过不同的乘法因子的方 式得到的; 步骤 104中用户的业务信道所分配的片断时频图案是通过选取不同 的时间平移量的方式实现的。类似地,可以采用线性双曲序列( Linear hyperbolic sequences )或者修改后的线性双曲序列。 线性双曲序列的构造方式参考 Flarion Technologies. INC. WO/03001696 A2, Method of tone allocation for tone hopping sequences.03/01.2003。
修改后的线性双曲序列构造如下, 定义 = (0)^0 0 (1)^0 0 (2),...,^° (N- 2)} , 其 中 ^© = ^1。
此序列进行因子为 /的乘法运算后得到序列: 这里咖 -1
Figure imgf000019_0001
/可以取值 1, 2, N-1, 一共有 N-1种。
Sf。经过循环移位 , 得到的序列为:
Sf' = {sf' (0), sf' (1), (2),···, (N - 2)} , 其中 4() = (4 ') + t)m。dN
可以取值 0, 1, 2, N-1, 一共有 N种。 同样, 可以定义 ^,/,?^^^ 或者 ^,/,;^^ ')。 可以由方式 a或者方式 b 形成时频图案。
如果修改上面的定义, S0° ={S0°(0) 0(l),sa 0(2),...>S0 0(N-l)} , 其中^ )= 其它 不变, 则是线性双曲序列。 时频资源的分配方法与上面类似。
拉丁方序列或者线性汉曲序列利用不同的乘法因子形成时频图案组内的不 同的时频图案时, 不同的时频图案之间不会正交, 可以通过将交点分配给某一 个时频图案来完成正交化。
.下面举一个简单的例子进行说明。 设基本频率单元是子载波, 基本时间单 元是 OFDM符号, 并设置频域有 N=17子载波, 并设 TTI长度和片断的长度, 即随机化区间的长度, 相同, 一个 TTI内有 S=4个 OFDM符号, 并设置同一小 区内的业务信道个数也是 4个。 由指数 Welch构造生成 Costas序列, 先由有限 域^的原 3的幂得到长为 N-l=16的 Costas序列:
L={3,9, 10, 13, 5, 15, 11, 16,14, 8, 7, 4, 12, 2, 6, 1 }。
该序列有 16种互相正交的时域循环移位, 每个时域循环移位又有 17种互 不相交的频率循环移位,记为 (t,/, ), ζ· = 0山…, 15; t = 0,1,2,..., 15; / = 0,1,2, ...,16 表 示时域循环移位量, /表示频率循环移位量。 这些序列满足二维相关性质, 此 时 f用来标示不同的组, 每组内时频图案是由其第一个时频图案, 即/ = 0对应 的时频图案经过不同循环频移形成。
这里釆用方式 a作为序列形成时频图案的方式, 即序列的标号 的项对应 的值表示时频图案在标号 的时间单元内占用的频率单元的值。 序列 (0,0,:) = 对应的图案如图 1所示。
由不同位置的滑动窗的窗宽为 M=4 的时域滑动窗截取每个这样的长时频 图案,都可以得到 16种互不相交的长为 4的片断时频图案, 注意到起始位置为
^。的时域滑动窗截取 ?(t,/,0得到的片断, 和起始位置为 0 的时域滑动窗截取 (t + tQ ,/, )得到的片断是相同的, 因而互不相同的片断时频图案是 17*16=272 种。
因为时域滑动窗位置和时间循环移位量 ^的上述这种关系,片断时频图案组 的形成只需要固定 遍历其所有时域滑动窗或者只需要固定滑动窗位置,遍历 即可, 不同的时域滑动窗位置对应不同的正交片断时频图案组, 共有 16组, 每组内 17个片断时频图案,同组内的时频图案是同一个时频图案的不同频率循 环移位生成, 并可以填满整个 ΤΤΙ内的时频平面。 如此形成的片断时频图案组 仍满足: 同一组内的时频图案没有交点, 不同组的任意两个时频图案至多有一 个交点。
记这样得到的片断时频图案为 4, / = 0,1,2,...,15; _ = 0,1,2, ...,16 , ζ·表示不同的 滑动窗位置, 也就是组号, 表示不同的循环频域移位量。 每个 TTI各小区的扰码序列将指示所选用的正交片断时频图案组, 也就是 指示不同的 ζ'值。 不同小区独立进行, 因而可能出现选择完全相同的 ζ'的情况。 假设当前 ΤΤΙ小区 Α选择 ζ· = 3的正交组, 小区 Β选择 ί = 6的正交组。
由于同一小区内的业务信道个数是 4个, 每个业 言道是由当前 ΤΤΙ所选 正交片断时频图案组内的 4个或 5个片断时频图案组成, 组成同一个业 ^言道 的这几个图案可以为下标 连续的, 也可以是不连续的。 两个小区每个 ΤΤΙ可 以随机选择业 ^言道占用的时频图案, 比如小区 Α在当前 ΤΤΙ的业务信道 1由 { ^,!^^}组成,业务信道 2由 { , , 3 6, }组成,业务信道 3由 { , , ), ^}組 成, 业务信道 4 由 { 23, 4,Zf5}组成, 小区 B在当前 TTI 的业务信道 1 由 { 6 3,4, , }組成,业务信道 2由 { 6 7 , 6 8, , 。}组成,业务信道 3由 {L6 U,L6 12,L6 13,I^} 组成,业务信道 4由 { 5,4,Ζδ。,_ 组成,这种情况下两个小区的任意两个业务信 道的交点至多为 4个。
例如, 某个用户占用了小区 Β的第 3个业务信道 {4,4,4,4} , 则
= {5,10,8,2}, Ιξ2 = {6,11,9,3}, = {7,12,10,4}, ΐξ4 = {8,13,11,5}。
如图 2所示, 它由 4个片断时频图案组成, 图中每种底纹代表一个时频图 案。
对 Ν不是素数或者素数减一的情形,如果仍采用 Welch构造形成基准序列, 则可以选择一个大于 N的最小素数 生成长为 p-1的 Costas序列。 比如 N=14 时,采用大于 14的最小素数 p=17,构造的 Costas序列的 p=17种互不相交的循 环频率移位将得到步驟 100的多个序列,当序列中值域出现大于 13的情况则去 掉该值对应的时频平面中的点。
这种情况下, 不同的片断时频图案组是采用不同时间平移的方式得到的; 用户的业务信道分配的正交片断时频图案组内的时频图案是通过选取不同的循 环频率移位量实现的。
另一方面, 步骤 100设置的时频图案也可以这样分组, 每组内时频图案是 由其第一个时频图案经过不同循环时移形成。 不同组的第一个时频图案是 L的 不 同 循环 频移 。 方 式 a 映射 的 情 况 下 , 可 以 记 为 序 列 p(t,f, i\ = 0,1,...,15; ί = 0,1,2,..,16; = 0,1,2,...,15 , t表示频 i或循环移位量, /表示 时域循环移位量。此时 t用来标示不同的組,每组内时频图案是由其第一个时频 图案经过不同循环时移形成。
仍由不同位置的窗宽为 M=4的时域滑动窗截取每个这样的长时频图案,都 可以得到 16种互不相交的长为 4的片断时频图案, 注意到固定频率移位 f ,其 所有不同位置的时域滑动窗截取的片断組成的片断时频图案组是相同的, 因而 只需要固定时域滑动窗位置,遍历所有频率移位 ^即可。例如固定滑动窗位置为 0, 遍历所有频率移位得到不同的正交片断时频图案组, 共有 17组, 每组内 16个片断时频图案, 同组内的时频图案是由同一个长时频图案的不同时域循环 移位生成。
这种情况下, 不同的片断时频图案组是采用不同频率平移的方式得到的; 用户的业务信道分配的正交片断时频图案组内的时频图案是通过选取不同的循 环时间移位量实现的。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并不用以限制本发明, 凡在本发 明的精神和原则之内所做的任何修改、 等同替换和改进等, 均应包含在本发明 的保护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求书
1、一种通信系统时频资源的分配方法,应用于使用正交频分复用技 术的无线通信系统, 其特征在于, 该方法包括:
A、 设置用于分配通信系统时频资源的一个以上的时频图案;
B、 截取时频图案的一种宽度或者多种宽度的循环滑动窗内的片断, 形成片断时频图案;
C、 根据得到的片断时频图案形成多个不同的片断时频图案组, 每 组内的片断时频图案互相正交;
D、 在每个传输时间区间内, 随机变化地选择一组或者一组以上的 片断时频图案组;
E、 分配选定的片断时频图案组内的时频图案给该传输时间区间内 的一个或者多个用户和 /或业务信道。 '
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步驟 A所述一个以上 的时频图案能够分成多个组, 同一组内的时频图案互相正交, 且不同组 的时频图案之间交点至多为一个。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 A所述的一个以 上的时频图案是满足二维相关性质的组数最大的时频图案集合。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步驟 B所述对时频图 案进行片断截取的循环滑动窗为时间域的、 或频率域的、 或时间域和频 率域组合的。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 B所述对时频图 案进行片断截取的一种宽度或者多种宽度的循环滑动窗采用固定时间 和 /或频率窗口位置的循环滑动窗。
6、 如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 B所述形成片断 时频图案为: 根据每个给定的窗口宽度, 固定滑动窗的位置, 并遍历由 步骤 A 的一个以上的时频图案形成的一个时频图案组内互相正交的时 频图案, 得到与该时频图案组对应的多个片断时频图案, 之后再用同样 方式遍历步骤 A的一个以上的时频图案形成的其它时频图案组,分别得 到与每个时频图案组对应的多个片断时频图案, 所得到的与每个时频图 案组对应的多个片断时频图案互相正交;
步驟 C所述根据得到的片断时频图案形成多个不同的片断时频图案 组为:根据步驟 B中遍历每个时频图案组所得的多个片断时频图案自然 形成片断时频图案组, 且所得到的每个片断时频图案组与原有的时频图 案组——对应。
7、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 D所述的随机变 化选择的选择方式由小区指定的多值伪随机序列确定。
8、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 D所述在每个传 输时间区间内, 随机变化选择的一个或者一个以上的片断时频图案組能 够无重叠地填满传输时间区间内的时频资源。
9、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 E所述分配选定 的片断时频图案组内的时频图案给一个或多个用户和 /或业务信道的方 式根据每个传输时间区间随机变化。
10、 如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 A所述的一个以 上的时频图案超出了无线通信系统占用的频域基本单元总个数, 在步骤 B中进行窗宽为频域基本单元总个数的频域循环滑动窗的片断截取。
11、 如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 A所述的一个以 上的时频图案通过设置的一个以上的序列生成, 所述序列表示的时频图 案是各基本时间单元对应的频率单元指标的映射, 或者是各基本频率单 元对应的时间单元指标的映射。
12、如权利要求 11所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述基本频率单元是 一个子载频。
13、 如权利要求 11 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述序列是 Costas 序列、 或者拉丁方序列、 或者修改的拉丁方序列、 或者线性双曲序列、 或者修改的线性双曲序列。
14、 如权利要求 11 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述序列为 Costas 序列, 该序列由 Welch构造得到。
15、 如权利要求 11 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述序列是 Costas 序列,
步骤 B所述形成片断时频图案为: 才艮据每个给定窗口宽度, 固定滑 动窗位置, 对于一个时间平移, 遍历步骤 A中由不同的频移形成的时频 图案, 得到一个片断时频图案组内互相正交的片断时频图案, 再遍历不 同的时间平移, 得到不同的片断时频图案组内的互相正交的片断时频图 案; 步驟 C中所得的片断时频图案组为: 根据步骤 B中所得的多个片断 时频图案自然形成的上述片断时频图案组; 步骤 E所述分配选定的片断 时频图案组内的时频图案给一个或者多个用户和 /或业务信道通过选取 循环频率移位量实现;
或者步骤 B所述形成片断时频图案为: 根据每个给定窗口宽度, 固 定滑动窗位置, 对于一个频率平移, 遍历步骤 A中由不同的时间平移形 成的时频图案, 得到一个片断时频图案組内的互相正交的片断时频图 案, 再通过遍历不同的频率平移, 得到不同的片断时频图案组内的互相 正交的片断时频图案; 步骤 C中所得的片断时频图案组为: 根据步驟 B 中所得的多个片断时频图案自然形成的上述片断时频图案组; 步骤 E所 述分配选定的正交片断时频图案组内的时频图案作为一个或者多个用 户和 /或业务信道通过选取循环时间移位量实现。
16、 如权利要求 11所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述序列为拉丁方序 列、 或者修改的拉丁方序列、 或者线性双曲序列、 或者修改的线性双曲 序列,
步骤 B所述形成片断时频图案为: 根据每个给定窗口宽度, 固定滑 动窗位置, 对于一个时间平移, 遍历步骤 A中由不同的乘法因子形成的 时频图案, 得到一个片断时频图案组内的互相正交的片断时频图案; 再 遍历不同的时间平移, 得到不同的片断时频图案组内的互相正交的片断 时频图案; 步驟 C中所得的片断时频图案组为: 根据步驟 B中所得的多 个片断时频图案自然形成的上述片断时频图案组; 步驟 E所述分配选定 的片断时频图案组内的时频图案给一个或者多个用户和 /或业务信道通 过选取不同乘法因子的方式实现;
或者步骤 B所述形成片断时频图案为: 根据每个给定窗口宽度, 固 定滑动窗位置, 对于一个乘法因子, 遍历步骤 A中由不同的时间平移形 成的时频图案, 得到一个片断时频图案组内的互相正交的时频图案, 再 遍历不同的乘法因子, 得到不同的片断时频图案组内的互相正交的片断 时频图案; 步骤 C中所得的片断时频图案组为:才艮据步骤 B中所得的多 个片断时频图案自然形成的上述片断时频图案组; 步骤 E所述分配选定 的片断时频图案组内的时频图案作为用户的业务信道通过选取时间平 移量的方式实现。
17、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 该方法进一步包括采 用步骤 E所述的时频图案发送数据流的过程:
发送方将要发送的一个或者多个用户和 /或业务信道的数据流映射 在相应的分配给一个或者多个用户和 /或业务信道的时频图案上进行发 送。
18、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 该方法进一步包括采 用步驟 E所述的时频图案接收数据流的过程:
接收方根据步骤 E所述的一个或者多个用户和 /或业务信道占用的 时频图案从接收的数据流中解映射出相应的一个或者多个用户和 /或业 务信道的数据。
PCT/CN2005/001129 2004-07-27 2005-07-27 Procede de distribution de la puissance de frequence temporelle dans un systeme de communication WO2006010327A1 (fr)

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