WO2006008738A1 - Synthesis of aromatic polyhalogenated halomethyl compounds - Google Patents
Synthesis of aromatic polyhalogenated halomethyl compounds Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006008738A1 WO2006008738A1 PCT/IL2005/000768 IL2005000768W WO2006008738A1 WO 2006008738 A1 WO2006008738 A1 WO 2006008738A1 IL 2005000768 W IL2005000768 W IL 2005000768W WO 2006008738 A1 WO2006008738 A1 WO 2006008738A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- polystyrene
- flame
- pbb
- retarded
- phosphate
- Prior art date
Links
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 title description 9
- 125000004970 halomethyl group Polymers 0.000 title description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title description 6
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title description 3
- PYOIYKRKAHYOKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,5-pentabromo-6-(bromomethyl)benzene Chemical compound BrCC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br PYOIYKRKAHYOKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005893 bromination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000001743 benzylic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 NOR- 116 Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- HGTUJZTUQFXBIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3-dimethyl-3-phenylbutan-2-yl)benzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 HGTUJZTUQFXBIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VCCBEIPGXKNHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenyl-4,4'-diol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VCCBEIPGXKNHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- BHYQWBKCXBXPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris[3-bromo-2,2-bis(bromomethyl)propyl] phosphate Chemical compound BrCC(CBr)(CBr)COP(=O)(OCC(CBr)(CBr)CBr)OCC(CBr)(CBr)CBr BHYQWBKCXBXPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ASMQGLCHMVWBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-M diphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(=O)([O-])OC1=CC=CC=C1 ASMQGLCHMVWBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- YUAPUIKGYCAHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dibromo-3-(2,3-dibromopropoxy)propane Chemical compound BrCC(Br)COCC(Br)CBr YUAPUIKGYCAHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VEORPZCZECFIRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3',5,5'-tetrabromobisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C(Br)=C(O)C(Br)=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC(Br)=C(O)C(Br)=C1 VEORPZCZECFIRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QEJPOEGPNIVDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-2,2-bis(bromomethyl)propan-1-ol Chemical compound OCC(CBr)(CBr)CBr QEJPOEGPNIVDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- GHKOFFNLGXMVNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Didodecyl thiobispropanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCSCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCC GHKOFFNLGXMVNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCCN XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 57
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 27
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- OZHJEQVYCBTHJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,5-pentabromo-6-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br OZHJEQVYCBTHJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-VAWYXSNFSA-N AIBN Substances N#CC(C)(C)\N=N\C(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000031709 bromination Effects 0.000 description 10
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 6
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- FJBFPHVGVWTDIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibromomethane Chemical compound BrCBr FJBFPHVGVWTDIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZHMURHNGRUXDMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4-tetrabromo-5-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br ZHMURHNGRUXDMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HHPUADFPUXGYTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-tribromo-5-methylbenzene;1,2,5-tribromo-3-methylbenzene;1,3,5-tribromo-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1.CC1=CC(Br)=CC(Br)=C1Br.CC1=C(Br)C=C(Br)C=C1Br HHPUADFPUXGYTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 4
- JPOXNPPZZKNXOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromochloromethane Chemical compound ClCBr JPOXNPPZZKNXOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000026030 halogenation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920005990 polystyrene resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- RWNKSTSCBHKHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl RWNKSTSCBHKHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012757 flame retardant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011968 lewis acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004289 sodium hydrogen sulphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 241001550224 Apha Species 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-bromosuccinimide Chemical compound BrN1C(=O)CCC1=O PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006053 organic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GRKDVZMVHOLESV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4,5,6-pentabromophenyl)methyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound BrC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(COC(=O)C=C)C(Br)=C1Br GRKDVZMVHOLESV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UJJSQULCWJOFRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,5-pentabromo-6-(chloromethyl)benzene Chemical compound ClCC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br UJJSQULCWJOFRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FIDRAVVQGKNYQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrotriazine Chemical compound C1NNNC=C1 FIDRAVVQGKNYQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound C=CCN1C(=O)N(CC=C)C(=O)N(CC=C)C1=O KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDSDCTDECRVDTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound CC(C)(Br)C#N XDSDCTDECRVDTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710134784 Agnoprotein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101100065878 Caenorhabditis elegans sec-10 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWYWGLHRNBIFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ipazine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=NC(Cl)=NC(NC(C)C)=N1 OWYWGLHRNBIFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000426 Microplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VFKZTMPDYBFSTM-KVTDHHQDSA-N Mitobronitol Chemical compound BrC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CBr VFKZTMPDYBFSTM-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDAAJXSISJLIBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-[1-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxyindol-3-yl]ethyl]acetamide Chemical compound C1=C(CCNC(C)=O)C2=CC(OC)=CC=C2N1C(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 NDAAJXSISJLIBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AGEZXYOZHKGVCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl bromide Chemical compound BrCC1=CC=CC=C1 AGEZXYOZHKGVCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920006248 expandable polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004508 fractional distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical class [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMPQUABWPXYYSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 CMPQUABWPXYYSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000391 tricalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019731 tricalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/093—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens
- C07C17/10—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of hydrogen atoms
- C07C17/14—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of hydrogen atoms in the side-chain of aromatic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/093—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens
- C07C17/10—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of hydrogen atoms
- C07C17/12—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of hydrogen atoms in the ring of aromatic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C23/00—Compounds containing at least one halogen atom bound to a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C23/02—Monocyclic halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C23/10—Monocyclic halogenated hydrocarbons with a six-membered ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
- C08J9/0019—Use of organic additives halogenated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/02—Halogenated hydrocarbons
- C08K5/03—Halogenated hydrocarbons aromatic, e.g. C6H5-CH2-Cl
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/06—Polystyrene
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the synthesis of aromatic polyhalogenated
- halomethyl compounds particularly pentabromobenzyl bromide (PBB-Br).
- Aromatic polyhalogenated halomethyl compounds are known as important building blocks for a variety of chemical products. These intermediate
- DE 3,828,059 describes a process for side chain halogenation using a solvent and a catalyst such as nickel, cobalt, platinum or their salts.
- PBBMA pentabromotoluene
- the final product is a flame retardant by itself, or an intermediate
- pentabromotoluene is then chlorinated or brominated in the second chemical stage to produce pentabromobenzyl chloride or pentabromobenzyl
- toluene could be used to produce first the benzyl bromide or chloride necessary for the second stage of perbromination.
- Most known processes prefer to start with toluene and proceed via the
- the first chemical stage of aromatic perbromination is usually performed
- Lewis acid catalysts Bromine itself can also be used as both the reagent and the solvent in such a process.
- the appropriate choice of the Lewis acid catalyst is also of high importance when the perbrominated product is intended to undergo another step of side chain bromination. Trace amounts of residual catalyst can strongly influence the side chain bromination as well as the color of the final product.
- the second chemical stage, selective mono-halogenation of the methyl group, also known as benzylic haloge nation, is achieved by a radical process
- radical initiator uses some source of radical initiator to convert the bromine or chlorine molecule into reactive radicals that attack the methyl group to form the halomethyl functionality.
- the choice of radical source is rather limited for
- One of the most suitable radical initiators for this purpose is AIBN, 2,2'-
- AIBN is essential for the benzylic halogenation, side
- the process of the invention makes it possible to obtain a product of high purity even when the intermediate was not isolated and the process was performed in a one-pot
- aromatic polyhalogenated halomethyl compounds as flame retardants or as intermediates for the production of other flame retardant compounds such as pentabromobenzyl acrylate (PBBMA) and
- PBBPA polypentabromobenzyl acrylate
- JP 11279381 (Application No. JP 98-85341) emphasizes the advantages of high purity polypentabromobenzyl acrylate containing no more than 1500 ppm of residual pentabromotoluene.
- PBB-Br has different uses, some of which may have less stringent quality requirements. However, the applicant hereof has found that in order to use
- PBB-Br as a flame retardant in polystyrene very specific conditions must be met in order to obtain high-quality products.
- the use of PBB-Br in foamed polystyrene is the subject of a separate patent application of the same applicant hereof (Attorney Docket No. 17432/04, Application No. IL 163100,
- melting range of the brominated additive is lower than the typical processing temperature of the polystyrene, so that during processing the
- flame retardant additive is uniformly distributed throughout the polystyrene resin.
- the invention is directed to a process for the preparation of
- the invention is directed to the use of PBB-Br prepared according to the process of the invention, in the preparation of flame-
- the invention relates to the use of PBB-Br prepared
- the present invention provides use of flame -retardant additives together with PBB-Br, which is prepared according to the
- the present invention in the preparation of transparent, flame -retarded polystyrene.
- the present invention provides transparent, flame- retarded polystyrene, comprising as a flame retardant an effective amount of said PBB-Br and other flame -retardant additives.
- the invention is directed to a method for rendering flammable polystyrene flame retarded, to achieve UL94 V-2 rating, comprising adding to said polystyrene an FR-effective amount of PBB-Br.
- the start temperature is chosen to be 10 0 C below the expected melting point with a heating rate of l°C/min.
- Melting point of PBB-Br can also be determined by Differential Scanning Calorimeter, DSC. DSC results were obtained with a Mettler-Toledo instrument model 821E. Samples were heated in aluminum crucibles, with
- a perforated lid from room temperature to about 300°C at 10°C/min under
- PBB-Br for PBB-Br to be used in polystyrene a melting point higher than 183 0 C measured in capillary or, a melt onset at 185 0 C at least, as measured by DSC, is necessary.
- Residual solvent in PBB-Br suitable for application in polystyrene must be less than 1000 ppm.
- Packard mod. 5890 instrument provided with a 15m DB-I column, l ⁇ ,
- Iron content is determined by partially dissolving a sample in an organic solvent (immiscible with water) and the iron is extracted into HCl solution under reflux. The concentration of Iron is determined spectrophotometrically by complexation with Phenantroline.
- High purity PBB-Br for application in polystyrene should contain less than 2 ppm of iron.
- Thermal stability was determined by Thermogravimetric analysis, TGA, for PBB-Br and for FR-PS including PBB-Br. Measurements were made using a Mettler-Toledo instrument model 850. 10 mgr samples were heated in alumina crucibles from room temperature to about
- Color determination a 5 gr sample of PBB-Br is dissolved in 60 ml of DBM. The color of the solution is determined by a comparator,
- Lovibond or LICO Lovibond or LICO, and expressed in APHA values. Determination of color was performed on the LICO 200 instrument (DR LANGE). The analysis was performed using 11 mm or 50 mm tube (depending on the color values measured, according to the instruction manual, Operation
- HBr release from FR-PS The amount of HBr released is measured by heating a weighed sample of FR-PS at 22O 0 C for 30 minutes. The HBr and/or HCl gas evolved are driven off the heated sample with nitrogen and trapped in water. The bromide and/or chloride ions are determined quantitatively by titration with AgNU3.
- the injection volume was 20 ⁇ L.
- the glass transition temperature was determined on the second run of a preheated sample, after annealing. Glass transition temperature of flame retarded PS was compared with glass transition temperature of non-FR polystyrene.
- Flammabihty of FR-PS injection molded specimen was measured by UL-94V standard using a hood and burner as specified by UL.
- Solvents, chlorobromomethane, CBM, and dibromomethane, DBM were used as produced at Dead Sea Bromine Group, DSBG.
- Bromine was used as produced at Dead Sea Bromine Group, DSBG.
- thermowell A 500 ml jacketed reactor provided with reflux condenser, thermowell,
- reaction mixture treating with water and sodium bisulphite solution, dissolving the solids in additional DBM and injecting the solution into a gas
- the pentabromotoluene, 5BT, content as determined by gas chromatograph was >99.5% and the sum of tribromotoluene, 3BT, all isomers, and tetrabromotoluene, 4BT, was less than 0.5%.
- a 500 ml jacketed reactor provided with a reflux condenser, thermowell,
- thermowell A three necked run bottomed flask provided with stirrer, thermowell and
- chlorobromomethane, CBM, and 81% of DBM was fed to the reactor.
- the solvent was previously dried over silica gel to less than 250 ppm of water.
- aqueous layer was removed by suction.
- the efficient removal of aluminum ions from the reaction mass was monitored by analysis for aluminum content in the organic reaction mixture, preferably less than 100 ppm.
- composition of the recovered distilled solvent for further use was 0.2% DCM, 9.3% CBM and 90.3% DBM
- the compounded pellets were molded using Arburg -Allrounder machine model 320s / 500-150. LOI and UL test specimens were molded, mold no. S 22963 was used. Molding conditions are presented in Table II below.
- TPP triphenyl phosphate
- Reomol ex Ciba Geigy was used as one commercial example for phosphate ester.
- 4,4'-biphenol phenylphosphate was used as one example of phosphate ester.
- Table III details the different formulations components used for injection- molded specimens 1-12. As can be seen, formulations contain PBB-Br in
- Glass transition temperature of flame retarded PS, formulations 2&3, compared with glass transition temperature, Tg, of non-FR polystyrene, formulation 1, would indicate any changes in flowability of the polystyrene melt during compounding and extrusion as well as degradation or cross-
- TPP triphenyl phosphate
- plastic materials that achieve V-2 rating using up to 40% FR loading. As can be seen, e.g., by looking at Table I (Example 1) of the patent, 15% of FR- 1808 were needed to achieve V-2 rating.
- Table III Anal tical data for In ection molded FR-PS test ieces
- PFR-221 4,4'-Biphenol bis(diphenyl phosphate)
- TPP (triphenyl phosphate)
- Table VI discloses a number of injections molded PS formulations containing PBB-Br and other additives together with their respective LOI test results, UL- 94 flammability rating, and color/transparency.
- Table VI demonstrates the advantage of using high purity PBB-Br for obtaining excellent flame -retarding efficiency in styrene polymers.
- Formulation PF- 13 which is used as a reference for all other formulations in Table VI, shows in itself
- a typical laboratory set-up consisted of a four necked 0.5L round-bottom flask, fitted with mechanical propeller stirrer, reflux condenser, thermometer and
- Table VII herein below discloses flame -retarding test results of compression molded polystyrene formulation containing PBB-Br prepared from FR-PS produced as in Example 8. Flammability tests were carried out in accordance with the test methods detailed in Table V above.
- Table VI - Pol st rene formulations containin mixture of PBBBr 1.5% Br + other additives - injection molded specimens
- Ta le VI - tinued - ol t rene ornmlati containin mixture of PBBBr 1.5% Br + other additives - in ection molded
- a >FR-370 Tris(tribromoneopentyl)phosphate, CAS Reg. Number 19186-97-1, ex DSBG.
- FR-720 Tetrabromobisphenol-A, bis(2,3-dibromopropylether), CAS Reg. Number 21850-44-2, ex DSBG.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007522119A JP5058796B2 (en) | 2004-07-19 | 2005-07-19 | Synthesis of aromatic polyhalogenated halomethyl compounds. |
KR1020077003676A KR101197972B1 (en) | 2004-07-19 | 2005-07-19 | Synthesis of aromatic polyhalogenated halomethyl compounds |
EP05762121A EP1773744B1 (en) | 2004-07-19 | 2005-07-19 | SYNTHESIS OF PENTABROMOBENZYL BROMIDE (PBB-Br) |
US11/632,788 US7601774B2 (en) | 2004-07-19 | 2005-07-19 | Synthesis of aromatic polyhalogenated halomethyl compounds |
IL180424A IL180424A (en) | 2004-07-19 | 2006-12-28 | Synthesis of aromatic polyhalogenated halomethyl compounds |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IL16310104 | 2004-07-19 | ||
IL163101 | 2004-07-19 |
Publications (1)
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WO2006008738A1 true WO2006008738A1 (en) | 2006-01-26 |
Family
ID=35427728
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IL2005/000768 WO2006008738A1 (en) | 2004-07-19 | 2005-07-19 | Synthesis of aromatic polyhalogenated halomethyl compounds |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7601774B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1773744B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5058796B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101197972B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1989091A (en) |
IL (1) | IL180424A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006008738A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2435479A (en) * | 2006-02-23 | 2007-08-29 | Bromine Compounds Ltd | Formulations comprising pentabromobenzylbromide and their use as flame retardants |
WO2008127753A1 (en) * | 2007-03-07 | 2008-10-23 | Chemtura Corporation | Flame retardant composition for use in styrenics |
US7601774B2 (en) * | 2004-07-19 | 2009-10-13 | Bromine Compounds Ltd. | Synthesis of aromatic polyhalogenated halomethyl compounds |
WO2010099020A3 (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2010-10-21 | Icl-Ip America Inc. | Styrenic polymer composition |
US8524125B2 (en) | 2006-02-23 | 2013-09-03 | Bromine Compounds Ltd. | Washing-fast smoldering-suppressing compositions |
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CN100545136C (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2009-09-30 | 同济大学 | A kind of preparation method of pentabromobenzyl bromine |
WO2012140649A1 (en) | 2011-04-14 | 2012-10-18 | Bromine Compounds Ltd. | Process for the preparation of the monomer pentabromobenzyl acrylate and polymerization thereof |
CN102964210A (en) * | 2012-12-22 | 2013-03-13 | 山东天一化学股份有限公司 | Synthesis technique of white pentabromobenzyl bromide |
WO2014106841A1 (en) | 2013-01-06 | 2014-07-10 | Bromine Compounds Ltd. | Preparation of bromine-containing aromatic compounds and their application as flame retardants |
WO2016005973A1 (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2016-01-14 | Bromine Compounds Ltd. | Preparation of bromine-containing polymers and their application as flame retardants |
CN106715516B (en) | 2014-07-08 | 2019-04-19 | 溴化合物有限公司 | The preparation of brominated polymer as fire retardant |
CN106083520A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-11-09 | 潜江新亿宏有机化工有限公司 | 2(3) the chlorine production method to methyl benzyl chloride |
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- 2005-07-19 CN CNA2005800242550A patent/CN1989091A/en active Pending
- 2005-07-19 US US11/632,788 patent/US7601774B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-07-19 JP JP2007522119A patent/JP5058796B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-07-19 KR KR1020077003676A patent/KR101197972B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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Cited By (8)
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US7601774B2 (en) * | 2004-07-19 | 2009-10-13 | Bromine Compounds Ltd. | Synthesis of aromatic polyhalogenated halomethyl compounds |
GB2435479A (en) * | 2006-02-23 | 2007-08-29 | Bromine Compounds Ltd | Formulations comprising pentabromobenzylbromide and their use as flame retardants |
US7504449B2 (en) | 2006-02-23 | 2009-03-17 | Bromine Compounds Ltd. | Flame retardant compositions |
US8524125B2 (en) | 2006-02-23 | 2013-09-03 | Bromine Compounds Ltd. | Washing-fast smoldering-suppressing compositions |
WO2008127753A1 (en) * | 2007-03-07 | 2008-10-23 | Chemtura Corporation | Flame retardant composition for use in styrenics |
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KR101441157B1 (en) | 2007-03-07 | 2014-09-17 | 켐트라 코포레이션 | Flame retardant composition for use in styrenics |
WO2010099020A3 (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2010-10-21 | Icl-Ip America Inc. | Styrenic polymer composition |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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IL180424A (en) | 2011-05-31 |
EP1773744B1 (en) | 2013-01-16 |
US7601774B2 (en) | 2009-10-13 |
US20070205403A1 (en) | 2007-09-06 |
JP5058796B2 (en) | 2012-10-24 |
IL180424A0 (en) | 2007-06-03 |
CN1989091A (en) | 2007-06-27 |
KR101197972B1 (en) | 2012-11-05 |
JP2008506769A (en) | 2008-03-06 |
KR20070038551A (en) | 2007-04-10 |
EP1773744A1 (en) | 2007-04-18 |
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