WO2006000863A1

WO2006000863A1 - Use of nitrogen heterocyclic compounds and relative compositions as microbicides

Info

Publication number: WO2006000863A1
Application number: PCT/IB2005/001671
Authority: WO
Inventors: Fabrizio Marcucci
Original assignee: Need Pharma S.R.L.
Priority date: 2004-06-22
Filing date: 2005-06-15
Publication date: 2006-01-05
Also published as: ITMI20041248A1

Abstract

Object of the present invention is the use of nitrogen heterocyclic compounds and compositions comprising said compounds having the following general formula (I): where: n is equal to zero or is an integer from 1 to 3 X and Y are equal to or different from each other and are chosen from: CH, N R is a phenyl or naphthyl group substituted with one or more acid groups (optionally salified) of the type: SO3H, SO4H, SO3NH2, SO2H, PO4H2, PO3H2, PO3NH3, COOH and esters thereof as microbicides, the pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one nitrogen heterocyclic compound with microbicidal activity and compositions comprising said compounds and the use thereof in the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases.

Description

"USE OF NITROGEN HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS AND RELATIVE COMPOSITIONS AS MICROBICIDES" ***_*********_***

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the use of nitrogen heterocyclic compounds and compositions comprising said compounds having microbicidal activity, the corresponding pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one nitrogen heterocyclic compound or its compositions thereof with microbicidal activity and their use in the prevention/prophylaxis of sexually transmitted diseases. STATE OF THE ART As known, the problem of sexually transmitted diseases is very serious, and difficult to solve. In recent times, the problem has become worse due to HIV infection (human immunodeficiency virus), for which transmission through sexual intercourse is one of the most dangerous and least easy to control means of transmission. The problem exists at worldwide level, and is particularly dramatic in underdeveloped countries, where awareness, culture and also the material possibility of setting up an efficacious campaign in favour of protected sex are lacking. In fact, in general, but above all in underdeveloped countries, the condom is not used correctly and continuously and therefore does not offer the desired results in the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, or in its concomitant contraceptive action. Moreover, condom use is often opposed by the male partner through lack of culture or for various religious or other reasons, and this contributes towards spreading sexually transmitted diseases. Therefore, for many years studies and research targeted at identifying products suitable to be used for the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases have been in progress. These products could be used through vaginal or rectal application, at the time of, or shortly before, sexual intercourse and should guarantee protection against the majority of so-called sexually transmitted diseases, whether of viral origin, such as AIDS, genital Herpes, of bacterial origin, such as gonorrhoea, or also of protozoal or fungal origin, such as trichomoniasis and candidiasis respectively. For this purpose, there are known products with antiviral activity, for local topical use, used in the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases of viral origin, limited to genital herpes and which are used by application to the external genitals. Also known are products with antibacterial activity, again used by local application, which perform an action against sexually transmitted diseases of bacterial origin. In all cases, the products exhibited a good level of activity in the treatment of infections already in progress and therefore an activity which can be defined as curative but which cannot be used to prevent the aforesaid sexually transmitted diseases. Therefore, in general, the need is greatly felt to obtain products capable of performing an antiviral/antibacterial activity (products generically indicated as microbicides) "a priori", i.e. to prevent onset of the disease. However, microbicides currently studied and experimented for prophylaxis/prevention of sexually transmitted diseases do not offer as wide coverage as would be desired and, moreover, do not offer sufficient characteristics of safety, physical and chemical stability of the base product/products. Therefore, the problem remains of identifying a class of microbicidal products which are active both as antiviral and as antibacterial, antiprotozoal and antifungal products, in order to guarantee wide protection in the case of sexually transmitted diseases, which are suitable for vaginal and/or rectal use, which are stable and which can be easily used also by populations that are less advanced from a cultural viewpoint. OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a product and/or a composition with microbicidal activity which can be used vaginally and/or rectally, which is stable in time and which is easy to use. Another object of the present invention is to provide a microbicidal product and/or composition which is highly effective at the level of prophylaxis (i.e. action to prevent the onset of infection) against viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa. Yet another object of the present finding is to provide a product and/or a mixture of products and compositions thereof with microbicidal activity to be used in the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. A further object of the present invention is to provide a product, corresponding compositions and/or a microbicidal pharmaceutical composition which is used in the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. DESCRIPTION These and yet other objects and corresponding advantages which shall be more apparent from the description hereunder are obtained by a composition which comprises at least one Minor Groove Binder (MGB) compound and at least one nitrogen heterocyclic compound having the following general formula (I):

(I) where: n is equal to zero or is an integer from 1 to 3 X and Y are equal to or different from each other and are chosen from: CH₁ N R is a phenyl or naphthyl group substituted with one or more acid groups (optionally salified) as: SO₃H, SO₄H, SO₃NH₂, SO₂H, PO₄H₂, PO₃H₂, PO₃NH₃, COOH and esters thereof. Minor Groove Binder (MGB) is intended as a compound capable of binding (through a non-covalent binder) to the DNA at the level of the minor groove. According to the present invention, said Minor Groove Binder (MGB) compound is chosen from, although not limited to: Distamycin A, Mitramycin, Congocidine, Hoechst 33258, Pentamidine, Furamidine, analogues of bis- distamycin and bis-netropsin, diarylamidine and diaryl-amidoxime, for example DB-2898. In particular, according to the present invention, said MGB compound is Distamycin A, while said heterocyclic compound is chosen from the following of formula:

(III) Distamycin A is a natural product with antibiotic activity, in particular fungicide activity for use in the agricultural or veterinary sector, obtained from Streptomyces distallicus as for example indicated in US 3,190,801. Again according to the invention, the aforesaid objects are also attained through the use of at least one nitrogen heterocyclic compound having the following general formula (I) as microbicide:

(I) where: n is equal to zero or is an integer from 1 to 3; X and Y are equal to or different from each other and are chosen from: CH, N R is a phenyl or naphthyl group substituted with one or more acid groups (optionally salified) as: SO₃H, SO₄H, SO₃NH₂, SO₂H, PO₄H₂, PO₃H₂, PO₃NH₃, COOH and esters thereof. According to the invention, R is chosen as naphthyl group and is substituted with from one to three sulfonic groups SO₃H, optionally salified. Said sulfonic groups SO₃H according to the invention are advantageously two. In particular, according to the present invention, an heterocyclic compound having the following formula (II) is advantageously utilized as microbicide with antiviral, in particular anti-HIV, action

(H) where, with referenced to general formula (I): n is equal to 1 X and Y are equal to each other and are chosen as: CH R is a naphthyl group substituted with two acid groups (optionally salified) as: SO₃H. Again according to the present invention, an heterocyclic compound having the following formula (III) is advantageously employed as microbicide with antiviral, in particular anti-HIV, action

(HI) where, with reference to general formula (I): n is equal to 1 X and Y are different from each other, in particular X is chosen equal to N and Y is chosen equal to CH, R is a naphthyl group substituted with two acid groups (optionally salified) as: SO₃H. The compounds of general formula (I) and the salts thereof, can be prepared according to known techniques. For example, known procedures for preparation of the same products or of analogous products are described in WO 91/10649 and US 5,596,105 where the products obtained are described as having antiviral activity, in particular against HIV or as inhibitors of angiogenesis. A further object of the present invention is the use of pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one Minor Groove Binder (MGB) compound and at least one compound of general formula (I) as microbicides, or at least one compound of general formula (I) as microbicide with antiviral action, in particular in the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. It has surprisingly been found that the compounds of formula (I), compositions comprising at least one compound of formula (I) and at least one Minor Groove Binder (MGB) compound, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one of the aforesaid compounds according to the invention, have microbicidal activity, being in particular active against viruses, bacteria, protozoa, fungi and can advantageously be used as microbicides in the prevention/prophylaxis of sexually transmitted diseases, such as those caused by: Herpes simplex virus (HSVI II), hepatitis B and C viruses, Papilloma virus, Trichomonas vaginalis, Treponema pallidum, Neisseria gonorrheae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Candida albicans, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 and 2. Surprisingly, the compounds of formula (I), the corresponding compositions with at least one Minor Groove Binder (MGB) compound and the pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one of the aforesaid compounds according to the invention, are efficacious in the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases generally caused by the aforesaid organisms and are therefore utilized in the prophylaxis, i.e. at preventive level before onset of the disease. Surprisingly, the compounds of formula (I), their corresponding compositions with at least one Minor Groove Binder (MGB) compound and the pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one of the aforesaid compounds according to the invention are synergistically active in the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases caused without distinction by viruses, bacteria, protozoa and fungi. In practice, the compounds of formula (I), corresponding compositions thereof with at least one Minor Groove Binder (MGB) compound and pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one of the aforesaid compounds according to the invention are suitable to be administered vaginally and/or rectally before sexual intercourse and perform their protective function by preventing the initial action of viruses, bacteria and other microorganisms responsible for the main sexually transmitted diseases thus preventing onset of the disease. Therefore, the most significant advantage is due to the fact that the aforesaid compounds are not used once the disease has developed but, as already stated, at preventive level, and they inhibit the onset thereof. In this way, subjects who engage in risky or unprotected sexual activity and who are therefore more likely to contract sexually transmitted diseases do not become ill, in the sense that they do not develop any of the aforesaid diseases. Therefore, the use of derivatives of formula (I) and of the corresponding pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention, do not represent a medicine, but a preventive treatment, a prophylactic treatment, which prevents contraction of the disease by preventing the subject from becoming ill and subsequently having to undergo treatment. Another advantage resulting from use of the compounds and of the compositions as microbicides according to the present invention, is represented by the fact that the female partner is able to choose and to use the product autonomously, independently, and before sexual intercourse. In this case, above all in underdeveloped countries, this would remedy the problem represented by the discontinuous or total lack of use of the condom by the male partner. The use of the compounds and of the compositions according to the invention can also include the addition of at least a further component with contraceptive action, thereby making it possible to attain two different objectives: a preventive, prophylactic action against sexually transmitted diseases and simultaneously a contraceptive action, also partial, if required. The object of the present invention is also, as already stated, the use as microbicides of the pharmaceutical compositions comprising an effective dose, from the therapeutic and/or prophylactic viewpoint, of at least one compound of general formula (I), or of at least one composition comprising a compound of general formula (I) and at least one Minor Groove Binder compound mixed with acceptable vehicles and/or excipients from a pharmaceutical viewpoint. The aforesaid pharmaceutical compositions are advantageously prepared in the form of cream, gel, tablets, suppositories or another system suitable for vaginal and/or rectal application and are employed in the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. Compositions employed according to the invention are not harmful for the organism, do not cause inhibition of the growth of lactobacilli in the vaginal tract, which are responsible for maintaining the correct degree of acidity in the vagina, and are a valid defence against sexually transmitted diseases such as, as already stated, those caused by: Herpes simplex virus (HSVI II), hepatitis B and C viruses, Papilloma virus, Trichomonas vaginalis, Treponema pallidum, Neisseria gonorrheae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Candida albicans, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 and 2. Again according to the present invention and as already stated, a pharmaceutical composition with microbicidal action comprises at least one compound of general formula (I) as active ingredient or at least one compound of general formula (I) and at least one Minor Groove Binder (MGB) compound. The aforesaid composition surprisingly exhibits microbicidal activity and is advantageously used in the preventive treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, in particular those caused by: Herpes simplex virus (HSVI II), hepatitis B and C viruses, Papilloma virus, Trichomonas vaginalis, Treponema pallidum, Neisseria gonorrheae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Candida albicans, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 and 2. Purely as a non-limiting example of the present finding, some examples of pharmaceutical composition according to the invention are set forth below. EXAMPLE 1 Activity of the compounds of formula (II) and (III) against HIV Activity of the compound of formula (II) against HIV-1 and HIV-2 is reported in Antiviral Research 1995, 27, 335-354. Activity against these viral infections occurs by inhibiting the attachment of the virus to specific receptors located on the surface of the host cell, thereby preventing infection. This mechanism of action is particularly effective in a preventive context, such as that indicated for a microbicide. This particular mechanism of action was exhibited in new experiments, determining the effect of the compound on replication of HIV viruses in cell lines specifically expressing either the viral receptor CCR5 (373 R5) or the receptor CXCR4 (373 X4), both specific for HIV. The cells, at the concentration of 5 x 10⁵/mL were pre-incubated with various concentrations of the compounds of formula (II) and (III) for 30' at 37°C, and subsequently infected with a suspension of HIV viral particles of a specific strain (R5 for the 373 R5 cells and X4 for the 373 X4 cells). The concentration of the compounds that inhibits attachment and, consequently, viral replication by 50% (inhibiting concentration 5O%=IC₅o), was 38 μM on the virus R5 and 55 μM on the virus X4 for the compound of formula (II), and 10 μM on the virus R5 and 18 μM on the virus X4 for the compound of formula (III). The addition of Distamycin A at the maximum concentration of 1 mM does not interfere with the anti-HIV activity of the two compounds. EXAMPLE 2 Activity of the compounds of formula (II) and (III) in combination with Distamycin A against bacteria, fungi, protozoa and viruses The minimum inhibiting concentration (MIC) of the combination of Distamycin A with the compounds of formula (II) and (III) on bacteria and fungi was determined following the procedures of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS), Documents M7-A4 (1997), M11-A4 (1997), M27-T (1995). The microorganisms tested included: Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, E. faecium, Neisseria gonorrheae, Candida albicans, Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureoplasma urealyticum. Distamycin A was active against the bacteria and fungi most widely involved in sexually transmitted diseases, such as Neisseria gonorrheae (MIC= 8 mg/L), Chlamidia trachomatis (MIC=I 6 mg/L), Ureoplasma urealyticum (MIC: 16 mg/L), Candida albicans (MIC= 16 mg/L). The presence of the compound of formula (II) at the concentration of 512 mg/L does not interfere with the activity of Dystamycin A exhibited against bacteria, fungi, protozoa and viruses described in Example 2 (Table 1 ). Table 1

The activity of Distamycin A against the motility of Trichomonas vaginalis was determined in Loche culture medium with the addition of 10% bovine serum. Distamycin A at the concentration of 10 mg/L inhibits motility of the protozoan after 4 hours of contact. The presence of the compound of formula (II) at the concentration of 512 mg/L does not interfere with the activity exhibited by Distamycin A. EXAMPLE 3 Distamycin A and the compounds of formula (II) and (III), individually or in combination, do not exhibit direct antibacterial activity against Lactobacillus acidophylus. The MIC of Distamycin A and of the compounds of formula (II) and (III), determined according to the procedure of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS), Documents M7-A4 (1997), were >256 mg/L. This datum indicates that the Lactobacilli, which form part of the normal vaginal flora and which contribute towards maintaining the acidity of the vaginal mucosa and defending against agents responsible for sexually transmitted diseases, are not inhibited by Distamycin A and by the compounds of formula (II) and (III). EXAMPLE 4 Cytotoxic activity of Distamycin A and of the compounds of formula (II) and (111) against cell lines of human origin. The degree of cytotoxicity represents an indicator of the tolerability and toxicity of compounds indicated as microbicides in the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. The cytotoxic activity of Distamycin and of the compounds of formula (II) and (III), individually or in combination, was determined using the following human cell lines: HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma) and HeLa (cervix epitheloid carcinoma), according to the MTT method. All three compounds, tested individually, or the combinations Distamycin + compound of formula (II) and Distamycin + compound of formula (III) at the maximum concentration of 1 mM each, did not cause cytotoxicity after 24 hours of incubation (IC₅₀ > 1 mM). EXAMPLE 5 Compound of formula (II) in gel form The composition contains the compound of formula (II) at the possible concentrations between 0.01 and 4%. The formulation contains, for example, a gelling agent, a preserving agent, a moistening agent. Gelling agents and concentrations thereof are, for example: Carbomer 934P (0.5-2%), cetostearyl alcohol (10%), hydroxyethylcellulose (0.1-0.5%), hydroxymethylcellulose, copolymer based on polyoxymethylene or polyoxypropylene (15-50%), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (4-6%). Moistening agents and concentrations thereof are, for example: propylene glycol (15%), glycerol (10-20%), sorbitol (3-15%). Preserving agents and concentrations thereof are, for example: methyl parabenzoate (0.1-0.2%), propyl parabenzoate (0.02-0.1 %), propylene glycol (5-80%). Combination of Distamycin A + compound of formula (II) in gel form The composition contains Distamycin A in combination with the compound of formula (II) at the possible respective concentrations between 0.01 and 4%. In this composition, the ratio between Distamycin A and the compound of formula (II) can be between 1 :5 and 5:1 , preferably between 1 :2 and 2:1 , and preferably approximately 1 :1. The formulation contains the same ingredients as the composition with the compound of formula (II) alone. EXAMPLE 6 Compound of formula (II) in cream form The composition contains the compound of formula (II) at the possible concentrations between 0.01 and 4%. The formulation contains, for example, an emulsifying agent, a preserving agent, an aqueous base. Emulsifying agents and concentrations thereof are, for example: cetyl stearyl alcohol (2- 5%), cetyl alcohol (2-5%), polyethylene glycol (1-2%), polysorbate 60 (1- 10%). Preserving agents and concentrations thereof are, for example: methyl parabenzoate (0.1-0.2%), propyl parabenzoate (0.02-0.1%), propylene glycol (5-80%), benzylic alcohol (1 %). Aqueous bases are, for example: spermaceti, stearic acid (1-20%). Combination of Distamycin A + compound of formula (II) in cream form The composition contains Distamycin A in combination with the compound of formula (II) at the possible respective concentrations between 0.01 and 4%. In this composition, the ratio between Distamycin A and the compound of formula (II) can be between 1 :5 and 5:1 , preferably between 1 :2 and 2:1 , and preferably approximately 1:1. The formulation contains the same ingredients as the composition with the compound of formula (II) alone. EXAMPLE 7 Compound of formula (II) in tablet/capsule form The composition contains the compound of formula (II) at the possible concentrations between 0.01 and 4%. The formulation contains, for example: cellulose (0-100%), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (2-10%), methylcellulose (2-10%), crospovidone (2-5%), magnesium stearate (0.25-5%), corn starch (5-25%), lactic acid (0.05-6%), colloidal silicon dioxide (2-10%), Combination of Distamycin A + compound of formula (II) in tablet/capsule form The composition contains Distamycin A in combination with the compound of formula (II) at the possible respective concentrations between 0.01 and 4%. In this composition, the ratio between Distamycin A and the compound of formula (II) can be between 1 :5 and 5:1 , preferably between 1 :2 and 2:1 , and preferably approximately 1 :1. The formulation contains the same ingredients as the composition with the compound of formula (II) alone.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. Composition comprising at least one Minor Groove Binder (MGB) compound and at least one compound having the following general formula (I):

(I) where: n is equal to zero or is an integer from 1 to 3 X and Y are equal to or different from each other and are chosen from: CH₁ N R is a phenyl or naphthyl group substituted with one or more acid groups (optionally salified) of the type: SO₃H, SO₄H, SO₃NH₂, SO₂H, PO₄H₂, PO₃H₂, PO₃NH₃, COOH and esters thereof. 2. Composition according to claim 1 , characterized in that said Minor Groove Binder (MGB) compound is chosen from, although not limited to: Distamycin A, Mitramycin, Congocidine, Hoechst 33258, Pentamidine, Furamidine, analogues of bis-dystamycin and bis-netropsin, diarylamidine and diaryl-amidoxime (DB-2898). 3. Composition according to claim 1 , characterized in that said compound of general formula (I) is chosen from:

(H) and

(III) 4. Composition according to claim 1 , characterized in that said R is chosen as naphthyl group, optionally substituted with from one to three sulfonic groups SO₃H, optionally salified. 5. Composition according to claim 4, characterized in that said optionally salified sulfonic groups SO₃H are two. 6. Use of the composition according to the previous claims as microbicide. 7. Use of the composition according to the previous claims in the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. 8. Use according to claim 7, where said sexually transmitted diseases are caused by: Herpes simplex virus (HSVI II), hepatitis B and C viruses, Papilloma virus, Trichomonas vaginalis, Treponema pallidum, Neisseria gonorrheae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Candida albicans, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 and 2. 9. Pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one Minor Groove Binder (MGB) compound and at least one compound having the following general formula (I):

(I) where: n is equal to zero or is an integer from 1 to 3; X and Y are equal to or different from each other and are chosen from: CH₁ N R is a phenyl or naphthyl group substituted with one or more acid groups (optionally salified) of the type: SO₃H, SO₄H, SO₃NH₂, SO₂H, PO₄H₂, PO₃H₂, PO₃NH₃, COOH and esters thereof, as claimed in the previous claims, as active ingredient, mixed with acceptable vehicles and/or excipients from a pharmaceutical viewpoint. 10. Use of at least one heterocyclic compound having the following general formula (I):

(I) where: n is equal to zero or is an integer from 1 to 3; X and Y are equal to or different from each other and are chosen from: CH₁ N R is a phenyl or naphthyl group substituted with one or more acid groups (optionally salified) of the type: SO₃H, SO₄H, SO₃NH₂, SO₂H, PO₄H₂, PO₃H₂, PO₃NH₃, COOH and esters thereof as microbicide. 11. Use according to claim 10, where said R is chosen as naphthyl group. 12. Use according to claim 11 , where said R is substituted with from one to three sulfonic groups SO₃H, optionally salified. 13. Use according to claim 12, where said sulfonic groups SO₃H, optionally salified, are two. 14. Use according to claim 10, where said at least one heterocyclic compound has the following formula (II):

(H) where, with reference to general formula (I): n is equal to 1 ; X and Y are equal to each other and are chosen equal to: CH R is a naphthyl group substituted with two acid groups (optionally salified) of the type: SO₃H. 15. Use according to claim 10, where said at least one heterocyclic compound has the following formula (III):

(III) where, with reference to general formula (I): n is equal to 1 X and Y are different from each other, in particular X is chosen equal to N and Y is chosen equal to CH, R is a naphthyl group substituted with two acid groups (optionally salified) of the type: SO₃H 16. Use of at least one compound according to the previous claims in the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. 17. Use according to claim 16, where said sexually transmitted diseases are caused by: Herpes simplex virus (HSVI II), hepatitis B and C viruses, Papilloma virus, Trichomonas vaginalis, Treponema pallidum, Neisseria gonorrheae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Candida albicans, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 and 2. 18. Use according to claim 10, where said at least one compound is associated with at least one compound with contraceptive action. 19. Method for the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases comprising the use of at least one compound according to claim 10. 20. Use of a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one compound according to claim 10 as microbicide. 21. Use according to claim 20, where said at least one heterocyclic compound has the following formula (II):

(H) where, with reference to general formula (I): n is equal to 1 ; X and Y are equal to each other and are chosen equal to: CH R is a naphthyl group substituted with two acid groups (optionally salified) of the type: SO₃H. 22. Use according to claim 20, where said at least one heterocyclic compound has the following formula (III):

(III) where, with reference to general formula (I): n is equal to 1 X and Y are different from each other, in particular X is chosen equal to N and Y is chosen equal to CH, R is a naphthyl group substituted with two acid groups (optionally salified) of the type: SO₃H 23. Use according to claim 20, where said composition comprises at least one compound with contraceptive action. 24. Use according to claim 20, where said composition is suitable for local vaginal or rectal application. 25. Use according to claim 20, where said composition is in the form of cream, gel, suppositories or tablets. 26. Use according to claims 20 to 25 in the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. 27. Use according to claim 26, where said sexually transmitted diseases are caused by: Herpes simplex virus (HSVI II), hepatitis B and C viruses, Papilloma virus, Trichomonas vaginalis, Treponema pallidum, Neisseria gonorrheae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Candida albicans, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 and 2. 28. Method for the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases comprising the use of said pharmaceutical composition according to claim 20.