WO2005124233A1

WO2005124233A1 - A method and a boxlike system for incinerating waste

Info

Publication number: WO2005124233A1
Application number: PCT/CN2004/000811
Authority: WO
Inventors: Weitian Zhang
Original assignee: Weitian Zhang
Priority date: 2004-06-21
Filing date: 2004-07-15
Publication date: 2005-12-29
Also published as: CN100445639C; CN1712776A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for incinerating waste and a boxlike system for incinerating waste. The system comprises an incinerator for waste, two upper and lower parallel orbits are fired to the incinerator, said orbits are disposed with many boxlike incinerator vehicle. The system further comprises a waste tank which connects with the haydite distribution portion through a conveyer belt, and the waste tank supplies waste to the incinerator continuously. The system further comprises a conveyer belt for transporting the ash which connects with the ash removing portion, and the ash is transported to the haydite making workshop. The ash as the primary material is made into the haydite in the haydite making workshop, the haydites are delivered to the haydite distribution portion through a conveyer belt and enter incinerator. The system further comprises a pipeline for treating smoke, the pipeline consists of a waste heater boiler, a dust cleaner, a heat exchanger, a blower fan and an active carbon absorption equipment. The system further comprises a conveyer belt connecting with the dust cleaner for transporting the ash to the haydite making workshop.

Description

A 'burn method

Technical field

The invention relates to a garbage incineration method and a box-type garbage incineration system. The method and the system have lower requirements for the calorific value of the garbage (200 kcal / kg), and are particularly suitable for mixed garbage. The method and the system can harmless the garbage Chemical treatment, large processing capacity, up to 1000-5000 tons / day.

Background technique

With the development of industrial modernized production and the increase of urban population and the increase of people's consumption level, the treatment of municipal waste has become the main subject of municipal construction and environmental protection. At present, 95% of China's waste is unsorted mixed waste. Traditional open-air Stacking garbage, burying it or burning it on the spot cannot meet the current requirements for environmental protection. This will easily cause new garbage pollution. X requires a lot of manpower and material resources and high transportation costs. For this reason, people are continuously exploring and developing various forms of waste incineration devices. Chinese patent 02229115.6 discloses a horizontal continuous treatment waste incinerator, which includes a furnace body, a track, a flat bed truck, a motor, a conveyor belt, and the like. The characteristic is that the top surface of the furnace body has a garbage dropping hole, the furnace body has a flatbed truck and a walking rail, and the surrounding of the furnace body has a "#"-shaped guide rail arranged in a reciprocating manner. The garbage truck can run the incineration garbage repeatedly, and the daily waste treatment capacity can be Up to 300 tons, the advantages are reasonable design, simple structure, easy manufacture, convenient installation and use, low cost, large amount of garbage disposal, less pollution, easy promotion and application, and convenient operation. Suitable for middle and lower cities and towns. However, the patent is relatively large, the incineration is not sufficient, the thermal efficiency is low, and it is easy to cause new pollution to the atmosphere. Therefore, there is a need to propose a waste incineration method and a box-type waste incineration system.

^ Sun and Moon

The object of the present invention is to provide a waste incineration method and a box-type waste incineration system. The method and the system have lower requirements for the calorific value of waste (200 kcal / kg), and are particularly suitable for mixed waste. The method and system can carry out waste treatment. Harmless treatment, the processing capacity can reach 1000-5000 tons / day.

The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

A garbage incineration method uses a continuous box-type garbage incinerator for garbage incineration. The garbage incinerator has two upper and lower parallel tracks, and a plurality of box-type furnace cars are arranged on the track. A grate is provided at the bottom of the box, and wheels are provided on both sides of the box; the upper layer of the waste incinerator is sequentially equipped with a ceramsite distributor, a garbage distributor, a preheating device, and an ignition device; A pressure header, the top of the negative pressure header is in communication with the bottom of the furnace car, the bottom of the negative pressure header is in communication with the tops of multiple negative pressure ducts arranged in parallel, and the middle of the negative pressure duct is in communication with a heat collecting header, The bottom of the overturning star wheel of the furnace body bracket is equipped with a discharging hopper, which is provided with a crushing device at the bottom; the lifting star wheel and the driving device are powered Connection

When the box-type furnace car arrives at the ceramsite distributor, the ceramsite ball blank is laid in the box-type furnace vehicle through the ceramsite distributor to form a bottom layer, and then the garbage is laid on the bottom layer by a garbage distributor;

When the box furnace car reaches the position of the preheating device, the preheating device is used to preheat the garbage in the box furnace car, and the preheating temperature is 200-300 ° C _;

When the box furnace car reaches the ignition device, the garbage is ignited by the igniter to control the incineration temperature of the garbage to 1 100 ~ 1200 ° C _; and the exhaust system is activated to generate a negative pressure at the bottom of the box furnace car and guide the garbage from the top to the bottom Incineration; In the process of waste incineration, heating equipment is used to heat the waste in the box furnace car to supply oxygen.

When the box furnace car reaches the bottom of the star wheel of the dump, the dump is unloaded and the incinerated clinker is discharged into the crusher for crushing treatment so that the particle size of the slag particles is less than 30 mm;

The crushed clinker is collected by a conveying device to a screening device for sieving treatment. The complete ceramsite is collected in the ceramsite silo, the ash is collected in the ash silo, and the slag granulate is collected in the slag silo. The transfer device transfers the ash to a ball-making workshop, generates ceramsite ball blanks, and then transfers it to the ceramsite distributor for backup;

The flue gas and dust generated by the incineration are collected and sent to the flue gas treatment pipeline through the smoke exhaust pipe; in the flue gas treatment pipeline, the multi-pipe dust collector and the bag dust collector are used for purification treatment; the dust collector is collected by the transmission device The ash content is transferred to a ball-making workshop to generate ceramsite ball blanks, which are then transferred to a ceramsite distributor for future use.

A continuous waste incineration system includes a waste incinerator, the waste incinerator is equipped with two upper and lower parallel tracks, and a plurality of box-type furnace cars are arranged on the track. Granular distributor: garbage distributor, preheating device, ignition device; a negative pressure header is arranged in the middle of the furnace body bracket, and the top of the negative pressure header is in communication with the bottom of the furnace car, and the bottom of the negative pressure header is connected with a plurality of bars. The tops of the negative-pressure air ducts arranged in parallel are communicated, the middle of the negative-pressure air ducts is communicated with a heat collecting header, the bottom of the rollover star wheel of the furnace body bracket is equipped with a discharging hopper, and the bottom of the discharging hopper is provided with a crushing device, two Grade screening device and magnetic separation device; there is a garbage ground bin connected to the garbage distributor through a garbage conveying line to continuously provide garbage to the waste incinerator; there is an ash conveying line connected to the screening device to ash The ceramsite ball is made from ash as the main raw material in a ball-making workshop, and the ceramsite ball is sent to the ceramsite distributor through a conveyor line, and the ceramsite is made of ceramsite. The feeder enters the garbage incinerator; there is a flue gas treatment pipeline, which is provided with a waste heat boiler, an air heat exchanger, a dust collector, a fan and an activated carbon adsorption device; and an ash transportation line is connected to the dust collector , Transfer the ash to the ball-making workshop.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The invention has lower requirements for the calorific value of waste, and all wastes of 200 kcal / kg can be incinerated.

2. The invention has a simple structure, low investment, good incineration conditions, a processing capacity of 1000-5000 tons / day, and low operating cost.

3. The present invention adopts a two-stage igniter and dryer to save energy. A waste heat boiler can be used to recover waste heat for power generation or centralized heating. At the same time, it has obvious smoke and dust reduction effects, and its social benefits are huge.

4. The present invention adopts activated carbon fiber adsorption box to completely purify exhaust gas.

5. The present invention uses ceramsite pellets as a base material, and sintering of ceramsite can be completed without adding fuel. Since sintered ceramsite is a high-quality water-retaining material in soilless cultivation and arid regions, the market prospect is broad, so garbage can be realized Commercialization of ashes.

6. The present invention can harmlessly utilize municipal sludge and waste water.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

Figure 1.Structural diagram of the waste incinerator used in the present invention

Figure 2.An embodiment of the waste incinerator used in the present invention

Figure 3. Top view of the waste incinerator used in the present invention (top view of Figure 1)

Fig. 4. Structural diagram of the hoisting star wheel used in the present invention (A-A sectional view of Fig. 1) Fig. 5. Operating diagram of the hoisting star wheel used in the present invention (E-E cross-sectional view in Fig. 4) Fig. 6. Thermal device structure diagram (C-C sectional view of Fig. 1) Fig. 7 Schematic diagram of the dispenser used in the present invention (enlarged view of Part B of Fig. 2) Fig. 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the negative pressure header used in the present invention (D_ in Fig. 1 Sectional view D) Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the water-sealing channel used in the present invention (view F in Fig. 8) Fig. 10 Top view of the sludge zipper used in the present invention (top view of Fig. 9)

Figure 11 1. Schematic diagram of the structure of the adsorption box used in the present invention

Fig. 12, Schematic diagram of the distribution of the filter element of the adsorption box used in the present invention (Fig. 1 G-G sectional view) Fig. 13, Structural diagram of the filter element used in the present invention (Fig. 11 is a partial enlarged view) Fig. 14, Diagram of the waste incineration system of the present invention

detailed description

Embodiment one:

First, the waste incinerator used in this embodiment is described in detail. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, the waste incinerator has a furnace body support 1, which is a metal frame having a length of 50 m to 200 m. The upper part of the bracket is provided with two upper and lower parallel tracks 7, namely, an upper track and a lower track. The upper track is a supporting track, and the lower track is a suspension track. A plurality of box-type furnace cars 8 are provided on the track. Box A furnace grate is provided at the bottom of the body, and wheels 803 are provided on both sides of the box body; one end of the track on the furnace body support is provided with a lifting star wheel 30, and the other end of the track is provided with a turning star wheel 3 1, the lifting star An arc-shaped auxiliary track 701 is provided on one side of the wheel and the rollover star wheel; the upper layer of the furnace body bracket is sequentially provided with a garbage distributor 3, a preheating device 4, and an ignition device 6, and an igniter is provided in the device. The igniter is arranged above the box-type furnace car. The igniter is a conventional gas igniter. In order to improve the reliability of ignition, an auxiliary igniter may be provided. The middle layer of the furnace body bracket is provided with a negative pressure header 9, and the top of the negative pressure header is in communication with the bottom of the furnace car. The bottom of the negative pressure header is in communication with the tops of a plurality of negative pressure air pipes 91 arranged in parallel. The bottom of the tube is in communication with a water-sealing channel 50 on one side of the furnace body support, the middle of the negative pressure air pipe is in communication with a heat collecting header 40, and a dump hopper is installed at the bottom of the overturning star wheel on the furnace body support. 12, the bottom of the unloading hopper is provided with a crushing device 13; the lifting star wheel is dynamically connected with the driving device.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 6, in this embodiment, the box furnace car has a trough-shaped cast car body 801, a grate 804 is provided at the bottom of the car body, and wheels 803 are provided at both sides of the car body. The car body has U-shaped ports at the front and rear ends. When multiple furnace cars are connected one after the other, a long channel can be formed. In order to achieve the function of the box furnace car, the box furnace car is provided with a propulsion journal 802 coaxially mounted on both sides of the box body. This journal is used in conjunction with a lifting star wheel. In order to achieve the sliding seal between the bottom of the furnace body and the negative pressure header, and to maintain the negative pressure state in the negative pressure header, the bottom of the furnace car is provided with a sliding seal device, and the top of the negative pressure header is sealed with the sliding seal device. . The sliding seal device is composed of a positioning pin 806, a spring 807, a sealing moving block 808, a sealing static block 805, and an oil supply pipe 809. The positioning pin, the spring, and the sealing moving block are installed on the bottom of the furnace car, and the static block and the oil supply are sealed. The tube is mounted on the top of the negative pressure header.

Referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, in this embodiment, in order to ensure the smooth and continuous operation of the box furnace car, one end of the track on the furnace body support is provided with a lifting star wheel 30, and the other end of the track is provided with a rollover star. Wheel 31, the hoisting star wheel is a double wheel, a hub 33 is provided on the central shaft 32 thereof, a wheel disc 34 is provided at both ends of the hub, and a plurality of gear teeth are provided on the wheel disc. The hoisting star wheel is mounted on the furnace body support through a bearing seat 35, and a central shaft thereof is power-connected to a reducer 36, and an input end of the reducer is connected to a driving motor 37. The structure of the rollover star wheel is exactly the same as that of the lifting star wheel. An arc-shaped auxiliary track 701 is provided on one side of the hoisting star wheel, and the center of the track coincides with the center of the hoisting star wheel, and an arc-shaped auxiliary track is also provided on the side of the roll-over star wheel, and the center of the track coincides with the center of the star-turning wheel. In this embodiment, a plurality of furnace cars are connected end-to-end on a track, and they are driven by a rear vehicle that propels a front vehicle and transmits a drive. At the starting point of the upper track, the teeth of the lifting star wheel are engaged with the journal of a furnace car to drive the furnace car along the upper track. The furnace car sequentially transmits power to a furnace car at the end of the upper track. The journal of the furnace car and the rollover star The wheels enter the meshing state, and their wheels leave the upper track and enter the arc-shaped auxiliary track. In the arc-shaped auxiliary track, the task of overturning the car body to remove the slag is completed, and then the arc-shaped auxiliary track is separated from the lower track. Running on the lower track, when upside down When the furnace car reaches the position of the lifting star wheel, its wheels leave the lower track and enter the arc-shaped auxiliary track. The journal of the furnace car and the lifting star wheel are in meshing state. The lifting star wheel rotates clockwise to lift the furnace car to Get on the starting point of the track, 'and flip the furnace car back to normal.

Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 7, in this embodiment, a ceramsite distributor 2 is provided before the garbage distributor, and a double-cylinder presser 301 is disposed between the garbage distributor and the preheating device. The ceramsite distributor has a conventional structure and is composed of a hopper 203, a roller 201, and a bottom scraper 202. The structure of the garbage distributor is basically the same as that of the ceramsite distributor. The ceramsite distributor and the garbage distributor are sequentially arranged above the walking track of the box furnace car, and its height can be adjusted. When the box furnace car enters the lower position, the ceramsite ball is first laid into the furnace car by the ceramsite distributor. The blank is laid on the grate as a primer layer 38, and then the garbage layer 39 is covered on the primer layer by a garbage distributor. The ceramsite ball is made of ash and glass powder produced by incineration of garbage, and it is sintered into ceramsite with garbage as a fuel. Dioxins, heavy metals and other harmful substances in the garbage ash will be mixed with glass powder. In the molten state, they become a glass ore phase. The ceramsite is a substance that is not easily degraded and insoluble. Thereby, the degree of purification of garbage is improved.

The double-barrel presser is provided with two stages in front and back, and each stage is provided with a press roller support 302. The press roller support is provided with one to three press rollers 303, and the press is disposed on the box furnace car. Above, its height can be adjusted. When the box furnace car with garbage enters the position of the presser, the presser compacts the garbage. After the density of the garbage is increased, the combustion efficiency and temperature can be improved, and the complete combustion of the garbage can be promoted.

Referring to FIG. 6, in order to further improve the combustion temperature and the combustion efficiency, in this embodiment, a preheating device is provided before the ignition device. The preheating device is provided with a preheating cover 41 which is provided in a box furnace. Above the vehicle running track, a shroud grille 42 is installed in the cover body, and a hot air inlet 43 is provided on the top of the cover body. The length of the cover body is 10 to 20 meters. The hot air for preheating the garbage is installed on the exhaust pipe. Air heat exchanger provided. When the box furnace car with garbage enters its lower position, the hot air sprayed from the splitter grille preheats it, increasing its temperature and dryness to prepare for combustion.

Referring to FIGS. 2 and 6, in order to further improve the combustion temperature and the combustion efficiency, in this embodiment, a heating device 5 is provided behind the ignition device, and the heating is arranged above the walking track of the box furnace car. The specific structure and The pre-heating device is exactly the same and will not be described in detail here. The length of the heating device is 30 to 100 meters. When the box furnace car with garbage enters its lower position, the hot air sprayed from the splitter grille heats it, raises the combustion temperature and supplements the combustion oxygen.

Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 3, and FIG. 8, in this embodiment, in order to improve the effect of waste incineration and the purification effect of flue gas, the middle layer of the furnace body bracket is provided with a negative pressure header 9, and the top of the negative pressure header and the furnace The bottom of the car communicates with each other, and a negative pressure is generated at the bottom of the box furnace car, which guides the garbage to burn from the top to the bottom. The header is a negative pressure cavity that is almost as long as the upper rail. The bottom of the negative pressure header is arranged in parallel with a plurality of negative pressures installed at an angle. The top of the air duct 91 is connected, and a valve 92 is provided on the negative pressure duct, and the valve can be closed at any time to repair a negative pressure duct. The negative-pressure air pipe is communicated with the water-sealing channel 50 on one side of the furnace body support. The negative pressure air pipe is installed obliquely, which can separate the particulates carried in the waste incineration flue gas from the flue gas, and fall into the water-sealed channel under the effect of inertia and gravity. The middle part of the negative pressure air duct communicates with a heat collecting header 40, and a dust removal grille 402 can be provided at the connection part. The dust removal grille further separates particles in the incineration flue gas, and the separated particles can fall along the negative pressure air duct. Into the water-sealed channel. The length of the heat collecting header is equivalent to that of the negative pressure header. A waste heat boiler 901 is arranged in the heat collecting header. The heat energy collected by the waste heat boiler can be used for waste heat power generation. The heat collecting box is provided with a smoke exhaust pipe 401. The smoke exhaust pipe is respectively provided with an air heat exchanger 403, a multi-tube dust collector 15, an induced draft fan 16, an activated carbon adsorption box 17, and a chimney 20. The hot air output from the air heat exchanger is supplied to the preheating device and the heating device through a pipeline.

Referring to FIG. 8, FIG. 9, and FIG. 10, in this embodiment, water is provided at the bottom of the water-sealing channel, and a sludge zipper 501 is provided in the water-sealing channel. The zipper is mounted on a roller support 503, and the roller support There are multiple idlers. The zipper is composed of a chain 502, a scraper 504, a head wheel 505, a tail wheel 506, and a driving motor 507, which can continuously clean the sludge in the water-sealed channel and discharge the sludge into a sludge bin 508.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, in this embodiment, a dump hopper 12 is installed at the bottom of the dump star wheel, and a crushing device 13 is provided at the bottom of the dump; the slag discharged by the furnace car undergoes a heat-resistant vibration after being processed by the crusher. The sieve 14 is then sent to a screening device, and the slag is separated into slag, ceramsite and ash by the screening device.

A dust removal hood 11 is provided above the overturning star wheel. The tail dust removal hood is installed on the furnace body bracket to collect the dust generated by the slag discharged by the furnace car, and pass the dust collector 18, fan 19, The chimney 20 is dedusted and purified.

Referring to FIGS. 10, 11 and 12, in this embodiment, an activated carbon fiber adsorption box 17 is provided in the smoke exhaust pipe. The adsorption box can absorb and convert harmful substances such as dioxin carried in the flue gas into harmless substances. The adsorption box has a rectangular box body 171, the upper part of which is an adsorption chamber 172, the lower part of which is a gas collection chamber 173, the bottom is provided with an air inlet 174, and the top is provided with an exhaust port 175. The adsorption chamber is provided with a plurality of cylindrical An adsorber 176, which is composed of an inner skeleton 177, an outer skeleton 178, and an activated carbon fiber felt 179. The inner and outer skeletons are cylindrical, and a plurality of air holes 180 are evenly distributed thereon. The activated carbon fiber felt is sandwiched between two skeletons. between. In this embodiment, in order to reduce the manufacturing cost, the adsorption material in the adsorption box may be activated carbon fiber felt, or activated carbon particles may be used.

Use the above incinerator for waste disposal:

When the box furnace car reaches the position of the preheating device, use the preheating device to pre-process the garbage in the box furnace car Heat, preheating temperature 200-300 ° C;

When the box furnace car reaches the ignition device, the garbage is ignited by the igniter, and the incineration temperature of the garbage is controlled to 1 100 ~ 120 (TC _; and the exhaust system is activated to generate a negative pressure at the bottom of the box furnace car, and guide the garbage from the top to the bottom Incineration; In the process of waste incineration, heating equipment is used to heat the waste in the box furnace car to supply oxygen.

The ball-making workshop described in this embodiment includes a ceramsite batching silo, a mixer, and a disc pelletizer. The mixer is a conventional cylindrical mixer.

Embodiment two:

In order to provide the reliability of incineration and improve the utilization rate of heat energy, the following technical measures are added on the basis of the first embodiment. When the cloth is completed, a compaction mechanism is used to compact the garbage; when a box furnace car When the section between the distributor and the ignition device is reached, the preheating device is used to preheat the garbage in the box furnace car; after the incinerated clinker is screened, the selected ceramsite is cooled first. Then, the ceramsite silo is collected; the flue gas and dust generated by the incineration are purified in the flue gas treatment pipeline by an activated carbon adsorption device; the energy in the flue gas is collected by a waste heat boiler for waste heat Generate electricity or use it for district heating.

Example three:

Referring to FIG. 14, a continuous waste incineration system uses the waste incinerator described in the first embodiment. A waste floor bin 60 is connected to the waste distributor by a waste transfer line to continuously provide waste to the waste incinerator; A ceramsite billet 70 feeds the ceramsite ball into the ceramsite distributor through a conveying line, and the ceramsite ball is continuously provided to the waste incinerator by the distributor; there is an ash transportation line and the heat resistance The vibrating screen 14 is connected, and the ash is transferred to a ball-making workshop, where the ceramsite ball is made with ash as the main raw material, and the ceramsite ball is sent to the ceramsite distributor through a conveyor line. , The ceramsite distributor enters the garbage incinerator; there is a flue gas treatment pipeline, which is provided with a waste heat boiler, an air heat exchanger 403, a multi-tube dust collector 15, a bag dust collector 151, a fan 16, an activated carbon adsorption device 17 and the chimney; an ash transportation line is connected to the dust collector 18, and the ash separated by the dust collector is transported to the ceramsite batching ground silo 71 of the ball-making workshop. The ball-making workshop described in this embodiment includes a ceramsite batching warehouse 71, a cylinder mixer 72, a 'disc pellet machine 73, and a ceramsite dryer 74. The mixer is a conventional cylinder mixer. Ceramsite pellets are made in a ball-making workshop by using ash as a main raw material through a mixer, a disc pelletizer, and dried by a ceramsite dryer, and the ceramsite pellets are sent through a conveyor line Into the ceramsite silo 70.

After the slag discharged by the furnace car is processed by the crusher, the ash is separated by a heat-resistant vibrating screen 14, and the remaining slag passes through a ring cooler 75, a magnetic separator 76, and finally is sent to a screening device 77. The screening device separates the slag into slag and ceramsite, and sends them to the slag bin 78 and the ceramsite .79 respectively.

The dust generated by the furnace car discharging and discharging slag is collected through the tail dust removal cover 11 installed on the furnace body support, and is cleaned by the dust collector 18, the fan 19, and the chimney 20 in the pipeline, and the ash separated by the dust collector passes A conveying line conveys the collected ash to the ceramsite batching silo in the ball-making workshop.

In this embodiment, the hot air output from the air heat exchanger is supplied to the preheating device 4 and the heating device 5 through a pipeline. The steam output from the waste heat boiler 901 is supplied to the steam turbine generator set through a pipeline. The unit includes a steam drum 902, a turbo-generator set 903, and a water pump 904.

Embodiment 4:

Referring to FIG. 12, using the system of the present invention can not only incinerate garbage, but also treat municipal sludge and garbage sewage. On the basis of the third embodiment, a garbage storage yard is disposed upstream of a garbage dump, and the garbage dump is also provided with A sewage conveying pipeline and a sludge conveying pipeline are respectively connected to the ball-making workshop, and waste garbage and urban sludge are conveyed to the ball-making workshop as raw materials for ceramsite pellets. In this embodiment, a garbage storage yard 63, a magnetic garbage separator 62, and a garbage crusher 61 are disposed upstream of the garbage ground bin. The garbage storage yard is also provided with a sewage transportation pipeline and a sludge transportation pipeline. The sewage transportation pipeline and the sludge transportation pipeline are respectively connected to the ball-making workshop, and an urban sludge silo 64 is connected to the ball-making workshop. The waste sewage, sludge and sludge generated from the urban sewage treatment plant are transported to the ball-making workshop as the raw material of the ceramsite pellets.

The first method of formulating the ceramsite ball blank is to mix glass powder with garbage ash or slag ash to make balls, the weight ratio of which is glass powder 1-10, garbage ash or slag ash 90-99.

The second method for preparing the ceramsite ball blank is to mix glass powder, sludge, and garbage ash or slag ash into balls. The weight ratio is glass powder 1-10, sludge 10-30, and waste ash or slag ash 60. — 80.

The third method for preparing the ceramsite ball material is to mix algal soil, coal powder and garbage ash or slag ash The weight ratio of pellets is 1-5 of algal soil, 1-5 of coal powder, 80-90 of garbage ash or slag ash.

The method of treating pottery by waste incineration can be called sintering method or melting method. The ceramsite pellets are sintered at a high temperature of 600-1000 degrees to form a material with stable physicochemical properties and extremely hard materials. Dioxins and heavy metals in waste ash Harmful substances will be combined with glass powder in the molten state to become a glass mineral phase. The ceramsite has high stability, is not easily degraded and insoluble in water, but can retain water and fertilizer.

Claims

1. A method of waste incineration, which is characterized by:

A continuous box-type garbage incinerator is used for garbage incineration; the garbage incinerator has two upper and lower parallel tracks, and a plurality of box-type furnace cars are arranged on the track, and a furnace is arranged at the bottom of the box-type furnace car. Alas, wheels are provided on both sides of the box body; the upper layer of the garbage incinerator is sequentially equipped with ceramsite distributor, garbage distributor, preheating device, and ignition device; the middle layer of the furnace body bracket is provided with a negative pressure header, .. The top of the negative pressure header is in communication with the bottom of the furnace car, the bottom of the negative pressure header is in communication with the tops of a plurality of negative pressure ducts arranged in parallel, the middle of the negative pressure duct is in communication with a heat collecting header, and the furnace body The bottom of the rollover star wheel of the bracket is equipped with a discharging hopper, which is provided with a crushing device at the bottom; the lifting star wheel is dynamically connected with the driving device;

When the box furnace car reaches the ignition device, the garbage is ignited by the igniter to control the incineration temperature of the garbage to 1 100 ~ 1200 ° C; and the ventilation system is started to generate a negative pressure at the bottom of the box furnace car to guide the garbage from the top to the bottom Incineration; In the process of waste incineration, heating equipment is used to heat the waste in the box furnace car to supply oxygen.

The flue gas and dust generated by the incineration are collected and sent to the flue gas treatment pipeline through the smoke exhaust pipe; in the flue gas treatment pipeline, the multi-pipe dust collector and the bag dust collector are used for purification treatment; the dust collector is collected by the transmission device The ash content is transferred to a ball-making workshop to generate ceramsite ball blanks, which are then transferred to a ceramsite distributor for future use. .

2. The garbage incineration method according to claim 1, wherein: after the cloth is completed, a compaction mechanism is used to compact the garbage; the crushed clinker is subjected to a thermal screening treatment; The sieved slag is subjected to a cooling treatment, and then the cooled slag is subjected to a magnetic separation treatment to separate a carbon metal substance, and the slag after the magnetic separation treatment is subjected to a secondary sieving treatment to collect the selected ceramsite. Collected in the ceramsite silo, the selected slag granules are collected in the slag silo, and the sieved ash is collected in the ash silo; in the flue gas treatment pipeline, the flue gas and dust generated by incineration are purified by an activated carbon adsorption device Treatment; the energy in the flue gas is collected by a waste heat boiler.

3. A continuous waste incineration system, characterized in that there is a waste incinerator in the system, the waste incinerator is equipped with two upper and lower parallel tracks, and a plurality of box-type furnace cars are arranged on the track, The waste incinerator is sequentially equipped with ceramsite distributor, garbage distributor, preheating device, and ignition device; the middle layer of the furnace body bracket is provided with a negative pressure header, and the top of the negative pressure header is in communication with the bottom of the furnace car. The bottom of the pressure-connection box is in communication with the top of a plurality of negative-pressure air pipes arranged side by side, and the middle of the negative-pressure air pipe is in communication with a heat-collection header. The bottom is provided with a crushing device, a two-stage screening device, and a magnetic separation device; there is a garbage ground bin connected to the garbage distributor through a garbage transfer line to continuously provide garbage to the garbage incinerator; there is an ash transfer line with the The screening device is connected, and the ash is transferred to a ball-making workshop. The ceramsite ball is made from the ash as the main raw material in the ball-making workshop, and the ceramsite ball is sent into the ceramsite through a conveyor line. The feeder enters the waste incinerator by the ceramic feeder; there is a flue gas treatment pipeline, which has a waste heat boiler, an air heat exchanger, a dust collector, a fan and an activated carbon adsorption device; there is an ash transportation line It is connected with the dust collector to convey the ash to the ball-making workshop.

4. The continuous garbage incineration system according to claim 3, characterized in that: a garbage storage yard is disposed upstream of the garbage ground bin, and a sewage transportation pipeline and a sludge transportation pipeline are further disposed in the garbage storage yard. The sewage conveying pipeline and the sludge conveying pipeline are respectively connected to the ball-making workshop, and waste garbage and urban sludge are conveyed to the ball-making workshop as raw materials for ceramsite pellets.

5. The continuous waste incineration system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the waste incinerator has a furnace body bracket, and the middle part of the furnace body bracket is provided with two upper and lower parallel tracks, and the tracks are arranged on the track. A plurality of box-type furnace cars are provided, and a grate is provided at the bottom of the box body of the box-type furnace car, and wheels are arranged on both sides of the box body; one end of a track on the furnace body support is provided with a lifting star wheel, The other end is provided with a rollover star wheel, and one side of the lifting starwheel and the rollover starwheel is provided with an arc-shaped auxiliary track; the upper layer of the furnace body bracket is sequentially equipped with a ceramsite distributor, a garbage distributor, a preheating device, and an ignition device; The middle layer of the furnace body bracket is provided with a negative pressure header, the top of the negative pressure header is in communication with the bottom of the furnace car, the bottom of the negative pressure header is in communication with the tops of a plurality of negative pressure air pipes arranged in parallel, and the bottom of the negative pressure air pipe The furnace is in communication with a water-sealed channel on one side of the furnace body bracket, the middle part of the negative pressure air pipe is in communication with a heat collecting header, and a dump hopper is installed at the bottom of the rollover star wheel on the furnace body bracket. A crushing device is provided at the bottom; Lifting roll star wheel and the star wheel respectively drivingly connected to drive means. -

6. The continuous box-type refuse incinerator according to claim 5, wherein: The fire device is provided with a main igniter and an auxiliary igniter.

7. The continuous box-type garbage incinerator according to claim 5, wherein a double-cylinder presser is provided between the garbage distributor and the preheating device.

8. The continuous box-type refuse incinerator according to claim 5, wherein a flue gas pipe is provided on the heat collecting header, and an air heat exchanger is installed in the pipe.

9. The continuous box-type garbage incinerator according to claim 5, characterized in that: a tail dust removing cover is arranged above the turning star wheel, and the tail dust removing cover is installed on the furnace body support.

10. The continuous box-type waste incinerator according to claim 5, wherein a waste heat boiler is installed in the heat collecting header.