WO2005121783A1 - Method and device for inspecting drill core samples - Google Patents

Method and device for inspecting drill core samples Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005121783A1
WO2005121783A1 PCT/EP2005/005865 EP2005005865W WO2005121783A1 WO 2005121783 A1 WO2005121783 A1 WO 2005121783A1 EP 2005005865 W EP2005005865 W EP 2005005865W WO 2005121783 A1 WO2005121783 A1 WO 2005121783A1
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Prior art keywords
drill core
core sample
core
drill
sample
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PCT/EP2005/005865
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Godrat Rafat
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Deutsche Montan Technologie Gmbh
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Publication of WO2005121783A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005121783A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24—Earth materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
    • G01N15/0205—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means, e.g. by light scattering, diffraction, holography or imaging
    • G01N15/0227—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means, e.g. by light scattering, diffraction, holography or imaging using imaging, e.g. a projected image of suspension; using holography
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
    • G01N21/952—Inspecting the exterior surface of cylindrical bodies or wires

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for examining core samples and a device suitable therefor.
  • Core samples are samples that are routinely taken from conventional test wells in order to carry out more precise petrophysical-sedimentological studies.
  • the core samples are typically 1 to 1.5 inches (2.5 to 3.8 cm) in diameter and 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5.0 cm) in length.
  • a core sample is taken in the longitudinal direction of the core and another perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
  • Permeability tests are carried out to determine the physical properties such as permeability and porosity. Through microscopic examinations. a. the grain size distribution determined. This requires the production of thin sections.
  • EP 0 363 294 B1 discloses a device for determining the characteristics of point quantities on a drill core. Points on the core are recorded, digitized and saved using a probe. An area in the core is defined from the sum of at least three points. The fissures and cracks in the core are determined by the point measurements. A complete image of the surface of the drill core is not possible due to the point measurements with the probe.
  • WO 03/065017 A2 discloses a method and a device for determining physical properties of porous rock samples.
  • the sample is illuminated with different angles and a point on the surface of the sample is recorded with a CCD camera and some petrophysical properties such as porosity and permeability are determined. A complete image of the surface of the sample is not possible with the point measurement with the CCD camera.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a simple, automatic method for the complete examination of core samples, in which the results obtained are evaluated and stored online.
  • Another object is to provide a compact device suitable for the method, which can be transported in a pilot's case.
  • a drill core sample is placed on two rollers arranged parallel to one another and irradiated by two LED white light components. Then a control program is started, whereby the core sample rotates around its own axis (360 degree rotation). During the rotation, the surface of the core sample is captured by the digital line scan camera and saved as a composite image.
  • the result of this scanning process is the imaging of the complete surface of the core sample.
  • the physical properties of the core sample are determined by an evaluation program.
  • the scanning process takes about 10 seconds.
  • documentation mapping of the entire surface of the sample
  • analysis are carried out.
  • An image processing program is part of the evaluation program. With the help of the program, the size and number of grains are determined (grain size distribution). The following parameters are taken into account here: grain area, perimeter Medium, smallest, largest and average diameter, major / mean / minor and average diameter and size and sorting)
  • the device for examining drill core samples essentially consists of a movable specimen slide (two rollers), which is driven by a motor, a permanently attached lighting unit, and a height-adjustable CCD line scan camera.
  • a two-dimensional color image is created by moving the object or the camera.
  • the transport direction is perpendicular to the sensor axis of the CCD line scan camera.
  • the movement of the object along the transport direction is ensured by the movable slide consisting of two rollers.
  • the transport feed via the motor that drives the slide can be synchronized with a cycle of the camera using the software.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the device for examining drill core samples
  • FIG. 2 shows the method for evaluating the core samples
  • Figure 3 is a two-dimensional image of a core sample
  • Figure 4 shows the grain size distribution of the core sample.
  • FIG. 3 shows the surface of the core sample in high resolution (1350 dpi).
  • the grain size distribution is shown in FIG.
  • the diagram on the left shows the frequency distribution of the particles. It is easy to see that the smallest particles occur most frequently. From this frequency distribution, the evaluation program calculates the sieve curve, which is shown in the diagram on the right in FIG. It emerges from the investigation that the drill core sample has a grain size distribution which has a proportion (number of particles) of 52% of grains which the person skilled in the art assigns to the olivines.
  • the core sample also contains 6% orthopyroxenes and 2% apatite.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the device for examining core samples.
  • a drill core sample 1 is scanned by a CCD line camera 2 with a connection to the PC 3.
  • a beam path 4 detects a line 5 of the core sample 1.
  • further lines 5 are recorded, which are brought together to form a two-dimensional image.
  • FIG. 3 shows the surface of a core sample according to the exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 shows the grain size distribution of the core sample of the exemplary embodiment.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for inspecting a drill core for the purpose of determining its petrophysical/sedimentological properties, whereby a cylindrical drill core sample is taken from the drill core, the drill core sample is placed on two parallel rolls rotated by a clocked drive so that the drill core sample rotates about its own axis and the drill core sample is illuminated with a slotted lighting unit. A digital line camera which is synchronized with the clocked drive generates quasi-continuous images through the slot in such a manner that the drill core sample is reproduced in the form of a full revolution thereof and the grain size distribution of the drill core is determined and stored by means of an evaluation program.

Description

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Untersuchung von Bohrkern-Proben Method and device for examining core samples
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Untersuchung von Bohrkern-Proben sowie eine dafür geeignete Vorrichtung.The invention relates to a method for examining core samples and a device suitable therefor.
Bohrkern-Proben, sogenannte Bohrkern-Plugs sind Proben, die routinemäßig aus konventionellen Untersuchungsbohrungen entnommen werden, um genauere petrophysikalisch- sedimentologische Untersuchungen durchzuführen. Die Bohrkern-Proben haben in der Regel einen Durchmesser von 1 bis 1,5 Zoll (2,5 bis 3,8 cm) und eine Länge von 1 bis 2 Zoll (2,5 bis 5,0 cm). Um eine dreidimensionale Untersuchung des Bohrkerns zu ermöglichen, wird eine Bohrkern-Probe in Längsrichtung des Bohrkerns entnommen und eine weitere senkrecht zu der Längsrichtung.Core samples, so-called core plugs, are samples that are routinely taken from conventional test wells in order to carry out more precise petrophysical-sedimentological studies. The core samples are typically 1 to 1.5 inches (2.5 to 3.8 cm) in diameter and 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5.0 cm) in length. In order to enable a three-dimensional examination of the core, a core sample is taken in the longitudinal direction of the core and another perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
Zur Ermittlung der physikalischen Eigenschaften wie Permeabilität und Porosität werden Durchlässigkeitsversuche durchgeführt. Durch mikroskopische Untersuchungen wird u. a. die Korngrößenverteilung ermittelt. Dazu ist die Herstellung von Dünnschliffen erforderlich.Permeability tests are carried out to determine the physical properties such as permeability and porosity. Through microscopic examinations. a. the grain size distribution determined. This requires the production of thin sections.
Diese Art der Untersuchung ist sehr zeit- und kostenaufwendig. Die Dokumentation der Ergebnisse ist ebenfalls sehr aufwendig. Die EP 0 363 294 Bl offenbart eine Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Merkmale von Punktmengen auf einem Bohrkern. Mit einer Sonde werden Punkte auf dem Bohrkern er- fasst, digitalisiert und gespeichert. Aus der Summe von mindestens drei Punkten wird eine Fläche in dem Bohrkern definiert. Durch die Punktmessungen werden die Klüfte und Risse in dem Bohrkern ermittelt. Eine vollständige Abbildung der Oberfläche des Bohrkerns ist durch die Punktmessungen mit der Sonde nicht möglich.This type of examination is very time-consuming and costly. Documenting the results is also very time-consuming. EP 0 363 294 B1 discloses a device for determining the characteristics of point quantities on a drill core. Points on the core are recorded, digitized and saved using a probe. An area in the core is defined from the sum of at least three points. The fissures and cracks in the core are determined by the point measurements. A complete image of the surface of the drill core is not possible due to the point measurements with the probe.
Die WO 03/065017 A2 offenbart ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung von physikalischen Eigenschaften von porösen Gesteinsproben. Dabei wird die Probe mit unterschiedlichen Winkeln beleuchtet und mit einer CCD-Kamera ein Punkt der Oberfläche der Probe erfasst und einige petrophysikalische Eigenschaften wie Porosität und Permeabilität ermittelt. Eine vollständige Abbildung der Oberfläche der Probe ist durch die Punktmessung mit der CCD-Kamera nicht möglich. 'WO 03/065017 A2 discloses a method and a device for determining physical properties of porous rock samples. The sample is illuminated with different angles and a point on the surface of the sample is recorded with a CCD camera and some petrophysical properties such as porosity and permeability are determined. A complete image of the surface of the sample is not possible with the point measurement with the CCD camera. '
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein einfaches automatisches Verfahren zur vollständigen Untersuchung von Bohrkern-Proben zur Verfügung zu stellen, bei dem die ermittelten Ergebnisse Online ausgewertet und gespeichert werden.The object of the invention is to provide a simple, automatic method for the complete examination of core samples, in which the results obtained are evaluated and stored online.
Eine weitere Aufgabe liegt darin, eine für das Verfahren geeignete kompakte Vorrichtung zur Verfügung zu stellen, die in einem Pilotenkoffer transportiert werden kann.Another object is to provide a compact device suitable for the method, which can be transported in a pilot's case.
Diese Aufgabe wird im Hinblick auf das Verfahren durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 und im Hinblick auf die Vorrichtung durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 2 gelöst.This object is achieved with regard to the method by the features of claim 1 and with regard to the device by the features of claim 2.
Bei der Untersuchung wird eine Bohrkern-Probe auf zwei parallel zueinander angeordnete Walzen gelegt und von zwei LED-Weißlicht-Komponenten bestrahlt. Dann wird ein Steuerungsprogramm gestartet, wodurch die Bohrkern-Probe um die eigene Achse (360 Grad Rotation) rotiert. Während der Rotation wird die Oberfläche des Bohrkern-Proben von der digitalen Zeilenkamera erfasst und als zusammengesetztes Bild abgespeichert.During the investigation, a drill core sample is placed on two rollers arranged parallel to one another and irradiated by two LED white light components. Then a control program is started, whereby the core sample rotates around its own axis (360 degree rotation). During the rotation, the surface of the core sample is captured by the digital line scan camera and saved as a composite image.
Das Ergebnis dieses Scan-Vorganges ist die Abbildung der kompletten Oberfläche der Bohrkern-Probe. Gleichzeitig werden durch ein Auswerteprogramm die physikalischen Eigenschaften der Bohrkern-Probe ermittelt. Der Scan-Vorgang dauert etwa 10 Sekunden. Gleichzeitig erfolgt die Dokumentation (Abbildung der kompletten Oberfläche der Probe) und die Analyse. Bestandteil des Auswerteprogramms ist ein Bildbearbeitungsprogramm. Mit Hilfe des Programms wird die Größe und Anzahl der Kömer ermittelt (Korngrößenverteilung). Dabei werden die folgenden Parameter berücksichtigt: Kornfläche (grain area) Umfang (perimeter) Korngestalt (grain sphericity) Rundung (circularity, convexity, ellipticity, rectangularity) Dichte (auf Volumen bezogen, VolJe and VolEl) Durchmesser, Größe und Sortierung (Haupt-, Mittel-, kleinster, größter und durchschnittlicher Durchmesser, major/mean/minor and average diameter and size and Sorting)The result of this scanning process is the imaging of the complete surface of the core sample. At the same time, the physical properties of the core sample are determined by an evaluation program. The scanning process takes about 10 seconds. At the same time, documentation (mapping of the entire surface of the sample) and analysis are carried out. An image processing program is part of the evaluation program. With the help of the program, the size and number of grains are determined (grain size distribution). The following parameters are taken into account here: grain area, perimeter Medium, smallest, largest and average diameter, major / mean / minor and average diameter and size and sorting)
Die Vorrichtung zur Untersuchung von Bohrkern-Proben besteht im wesentlichen aus einem beweglichen Objektträger (zwei Rollen), der durch einen Motor angetrieben wird, einer fest angebrachten Beleuchtungseinheit, sowie einer höhenverstellbaren CCD-Zeilenkamera. Ein zweidimensionales Farbbild entsteht durch Bewegung des Objekts oder der Kamera. Die Transportrichtung verläuft dabei senkrecht zur Sensorachse der CCD-Zeilenkamera. Die Bewegung des Objektes entlang der Transportrichtung wird durch den beweglichen, aus zwei Rollen bestehenden Objektträger gewährleistet. Über dem Objektträger befindet sich eine fest angebrachte CCD-Zeilenkamera, die während des Bewegungsvorganges die Objektoberfläche aufnimmt. Da die Kamera in einem bestimmten Takt einzelne Zeilen aufnimmt, die zu einer zweidimensionalen Abbildung zusammengefügt werden, ist für eine proportionale Abbildung im richtigen Bildseitenverhältnis ein zeilensynchroner Transportvorschub erforderlich. Zu diesem Zweck lässt sich der Transportvorschub über den Motor, der den Objektträger antreibt, mit einem Takt der Kamera mittels der Software synchronisieren.The device for examining drill core samples essentially consists of a movable specimen slide (two rollers), which is driven by a motor, a permanently attached lighting unit, and a height-adjustable CCD line scan camera. A two-dimensional color image is created by moving the object or the camera. The transport direction is perpendicular to the sensor axis of the CCD line scan camera. The movement of the object along the transport direction is ensured by the movable slide consisting of two rollers. There is a permanently attached CCD line camera above the slide, which records the surface of the object during the movement process. Since the camera records individual lines in a certain cycle, which are combined to form a two-dimensional image, a line-synchronous transport feed is required for a proportional image in the correct aspect ratio. For this purpose, the transport feed via the motor that drives the slide can be synchronized with a cycle of the camera using the software.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausfuhrungsbeispiels und einer Zeichnung näher beschrieben. In der Zeichnung zeigen. Figur 1 eine schematische Darstellung der Vorrichtung zur Untersuchung von Bohrkern-Proben,The invention is described below with reference to an exemplary embodiment and a drawing. Show in the drawing. FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the device for examining drill core samples,
Figur 2 das Verfahren zur Auswertung der Bohrkern-Proben,FIG. 2 shows the method for evaluating the core samples,
Figur 3 eine zweidimensionale Abbildung einer Bohrkern-Probe, undFigure 3 is a two-dimensional image of a core sample, and
Figur 4 die Korngrößenverteilung de Bohrkern-Probe.Figure 4 shows the grain size distribution of the core sample.
Ausführungsbeispiel :Design example:
Ein Bohrkern-Probe einer Untersuchungsbohrung einer Diamantenlager statte in Botswana wurde mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung untersucht. Die Figur 3 zeigt die Oberfläche der Bohrkern-Probe in hoher Auflösung (1350 dpi). In der Figur 4 ist die Korngrößenverteilung dargestellt. Das linke Diagramm zeigt die Häufigkeitsverteilung der Partikel. Es ist gut zu erkennen, dass die kleinsten Partikel am häufigsten auftreten. Aus dieser Häufigkeitsverteilung berechnet das Auswerteprogramm die Siebkurve, die in dem rechten Diagramm der Figur 4 dargestellt ist. Aus der Untersuchung ergibt sich, dass die Bohrkern-Probe eine Korngrößenverteilung aufweist, die einen Anteil (Partikelanzahl) von 52 % an Körnern aufweist, die der Fachmann den Olivinen zuordnet. Außerdem enthält die Bohrkern-Probe noch 6 % Orthopyroxene und 2 % Apatite.A drill core sample from an inspection hole in a diamond bearing in Botswana was examined with the device according to the invention. Figure 3 shows the surface of the core sample in high resolution (1350 dpi). The grain size distribution is shown in FIG. The diagram on the left shows the frequency distribution of the particles. It is easy to see that the smallest particles occur most frequently. From this frequency distribution, the evaluation program calculates the sieve curve, which is shown in the diagram on the right in FIG. It emerges from the investigation that the drill core sample has a grain size distribution which has a proportion (number of particles) of 52% of grains which the person skilled in the art assigns to the olivines. The core sample also contains 6% orthopyroxenes and 2% apatite.
Die Figur 1 zeigt schematisch die Vorrichtung zur Untersuchung von Bohrkern-Proben. Eine Bohrkern-Probe 1 wird von einer CCD-Zeilenkamera 2 mit einem Anschluss zum PC 3 abgetastet. Ein Strahlengang 4 erfasst eine Zeile 5 der Bohrkern-Probe 1. Durch eine getaktete Drehung der Bohrkern-Probe werden weitere Zeilen 5 aufgenommen, die zu einer zweidimensionalen Abbildung zusarnmengefuhrt werden.FIG. 1 schematically shows the device for examining core samples. A drill core sample 1 is scanned by a CCD line camera 2 with a connection to the PC 3. A beam path 4 detects a line 5 of the core sample 1. By clocked rotation of the core sample, further lines 5 are recorded, which are brought together to form a two-dimensional image.
Aus der Figur 2 geht das Verfahren zur Auswertung der Bohrkern-Proben hervor. Links oben ist das aufgenommene Bild dargestellt. Mit Hilfe des Bildbearbeitungsprogramms werden die Kontraste verstärkt (Image 6). Die Einstellung zeigt das „Histogram". Die ermittelten Parameter sind aus der Liste zu ersehen. Aus der Liste werden die beiden Diagramme erstellt. Die Figur 3 zeigt die Oberfläche eines Bohrkern-Proben gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel.The method for evaluating the core samples is shown in FIG. The picture taken is shown at the top left. The contrasts are enhanced with the help of the image processing program (Image 6). The setting shows the "histogram". The parameters determined can be seen from the list. The two diagrams are created from the list. FIG. 3 shows the surface of a core sample according to the exemplary embodiment.
In der Figur 4 ist die Korngrößenverteilung der Bohrkern-Probe des Ausführungsbeispiels dargestellt. FIG. 4 shows the grain size distribution of the core sample of the exemplary embodiment.
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Bohrkern-Probe1 core sample
2 CCD-Zeilenkamera2 CCD line scan cameras
3 Anschluss zum PC3 Connection to the PC
4 Strahlengang4 beam path
5 Zeile 5 line

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Untersuchung eines Bohrkerns zur Ermittlung von petrophysikalisch- sedimentologischen Eigenschaften, bei dem ein Bohrkern auf zwei parallel zueinander angeordneten Walzen gelegt wird, die mit einem getakteten Antrieb gedreht werden, so dass der Bohrkern um seine eigene Achse rotiert und der Bohrkern mit einer Erfassungseinheit abgetastet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass aus dem Bohrkern eine zylindrische Bohrkern-Probe entnommen wird, die auf die parallel zueinander angeordneten Walzen gelegt wird und von einer Beleuchtungseinheit mit einem Schlitz beleuchtet wird, wobei durch den Schlitz mit einer digitalen Zeilenkamera, die mit dem getakteten Antrieb synchronisiert ist, quasikontinuierliche Bilder derart erzeugt werden, dass die Bohrkern-Probe vollständig in Form einer Abwicklung abgebildet wird und gleichzeitig durch ein Auswerteprogramm die Korngrößenverteilung der Bohrkern-Probe ermittelt und gespeichert wird.1. A method for examining a drill core to determine petrophysical-sedimentological properties, in which a drill core is placed on two parallel arranged rollers which are rotated with a clocked drive, so that the drill core rotates about its own axis and the drill core with a Detection unit is scanned, characterized in that a cylindrical core sample is taken from the core, which is placed on the rollers arranged parallel to one another and is illuminated by a lighting unit with a slit, through the slit with a digital line camera, which is connected to the clocked drive is synchronized, quasi-continuous images are generated in such a way that the drill core sample is completely mapped in the form of a development and at the same time the grain size distribution of the drill core sample is determined and stored by an evaluation program.
2. Vorrichtung zur Durclxfuhrung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass über den parallel zueinander angeordneten Walzen mit einem getakteten Antrieb eine höhenverstellbare digitale Zeilenkamera mit einer Beleuchtungseinheit mit Schlitz angeordnet ist, und die digitale Zeilenkamera einen Anschluss zum PC aufweist. 2. Device for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that a height-adjustable digital line camera with a lighting unit with a slot is arranged above the parallel arranged rollers with a clocked drive, and the digital line camera has a connection to the PC.
PCT/EP2005/005865 2004-06-08 2005-06-01 Method and device for inspecting drill core samples WO2005121783A1 (en)

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DE200410027769 DE102004027769B3 (en) 2004-06-08 2004-06-08 Method and apparatus for testing core samples

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CN103091327A (en) * 2011-11-03 2013-05-08 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Hole opening sampling verification method for pipeline spiral weld defects
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CN111999229A (en) * 2020-08-24 2020-11-27 海南大学 Device for identifying surface layer pores of pore structure sample, use method and repair method
CN111999229B (en) * 2020-08-24 2022-09-06 海南大学 Device for identifying surface layer pores of pore structure sample, use method and repair method
WO2022183672A1 (en) * 2021-03-03 2022-09-09 赤壁精迈光电科技有限公司 Imaging device for sub-surface
WO2022183671A1 (en) * 2021-03-03 2022-09-09 赤壁精迈光电科技有限公司 Detection apparatus for sub-surface defects

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