WO2005117053A2 - Fusibles electriques bon marche fabriques a partir de matieres a base de resine chargees condutrices - Google Patents

Fusibles electriques bon marche fabriques a partir de matieres a base de resine chargees condutrices Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005117053A2
WO2005117053A2 PCT/US2005/015512 US2005015512W WO2005117053A2 WO 2005117053 A2 WO2005117053 A2 WO 2005117053A2 US 2005015512 W US2005015512 W US 2005015512W WO 2005117053 A2 WO2005117053 A2 WO 2005117053A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
conductive
resin
fusible link
based material
fiber
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2005/015512
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2005117053A3 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Aisenbrey
Original Assignee
Integral Technologies, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Integral Technologies, Inc. filed Critical Integral Technologies, Inc.
Publication of WO2005117053A2 publication Critical patent/WO2005117053A2/fr
Publication of WO2005117053A3 publication Critical patent/WO2005117053A3/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H85/06—Fusible members characterised by the fusible material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H69/00—Apparatus or processes for the manufacture of emergency protective devices
    • H01H69/02—Manufacture of fuses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/041—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
    • H01H85/0411—Miniature fuses
    • H01H85/0415—Miniature fuses cartridge type
    • H01H85/0417—Miniature fuses cartridge type with parallel side contacts

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electrical fuses and, more particularly, to electrical fuses molded of conductive loaded resin-based materials comprising micron conductive powders, micron conductive fibers, or a combination thereof, substantially homogenized within a base resin when molded. This manufacturing process yields a conductive part or material usable within the EMF or electronic spectrum (s) .
  • Electrical fuses are used in many electrical and electronic systems. Fuses are used to protect system components, including power sources, from excessive electrical current due to short circuiting. Electrical fuses improve system safety by preventing electrical fires.
  • Fuses provide a very low resistance path for electrical current flow during normal operation.
  • electrical fuses are placed in series with the electrical load such that all of the current flowing from the power source and through the electrical load will also flow through the fuse. If an excessive amount of current begins to flow through the fuse, as in the case of an electrical short in the load or in the circuit feeding the load, then material in the fuse will rapidly heat.
  • the fuse link is designed such that it will overheat and blow open when the current exceeds the specified amount.
  • Typical fuses are constructed with fusible links comprising a metal having a relatively low melting point. It is a primary objective of the present invention to provide a new type of electrical fuse device having a unique combination of properties.
  • U.S. Patent 6,642,834 Bl to Oh et al teaches a miniature plug-in fuse assembly for automotive applications and a method for manufacture.
  • the fuse comprises a metal fusible link between two metal terminals.
  • a plastic insulating casing covers the fusible link and terminals.
  • U.S. Patent 4,067,103 to Ciesmier teaches a miniature plug- in fuse assembly for automotive applications and a method for manufacture.
  • the fuse comprises a metal fusible link between two metal terminals.
  • a plastic insulating casing covers the fusible link and terminals.
  • U.S. Patent 4,224,592 to Urani et al teaches a miniature plug-in fuse assembly for automotive applications and a method for manufacture.
  • the fuse comprises a metal fusible link between two metal terminals.
  • a plastic insulating casing covers the fusible link and terminals.
  • a principal object of the present invention is to provide an effective electrical fuse device.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a method to form an electrical fuse device.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide an electrical fuse device molded of conductive loaded resin-based materials.
  • a yet further object of the present invention is to provide an electrical fuse device molded of conductive loaded resin-based material where the electrical or thermal characteristics can be altered or the visual characteristics can be altered by forming a metal layer over the conductive loaded resin-based material.
  • a yet further object of the present invention is to provide a method to form an electrical fuse device that is simple and low cost.
  • an electrical fuse device comprising a fusible link comprising a conductive loaded, resin-based material comprising conductive materials in a base resin host.
  • a first conductive terminal is connected to a first end of the fusible link.
  • a second conductive terminal is connected to a second end of the fusible link.
  • an electrical fuse device comprises a fusible link, a first conductive terminal connected to a first end of the fusible link, and a second conductive terminal connected to a second end of the fusible link.
  • the fusible link and the conductive terminals comprise a conductive loaded, resin-based material comprising conductive materials in a base resin host. The percent by weight of the conductive materials is between 20% and 50% of the total weight of said conductive loaded resin-based material .
  • an electrical fuse device comprises a fusible link, a first conductive terminal connected to a first end of the fusible link, and a second conductive terminal connected to a second end of the fusible link.
  • the fusible link and the conductive terminals comprise a conductive loaded, resin-based material comprising micron conductive fiber in a base resin host. The percent by weight of the conductive fiber is between 20% and 50% of the total weight of the conductive loaded resin-based material .
  • a method to form an electrical fuse device comprises providing a conductive loaded, resin-based material comprising conductive materials in a resin-based host. First and second conductive terminals are formed. The conductive loaded, resin-based material is molded into a fusible link. The first conductive terminal is attached to a first end of the fusible link. The second conductive terminal is attached to a second end of the fusible link.
  • a method to form an electrical fuse device comprises providing a conductive loaded, resin-based material comprising conductive materials in a resin-based host.
  • the conductive loaded, resin-based material is molded into a fusible link, a first conductive terminal, and a second conductive terminal.
  • the first conductive terminal is attached to a first end of the fusible link and the second conductive terminal is attached to a second end of the fusible link.
  • a method to form an electrical fuse device is achieved. The method comprises providing a conductive loaded, resin-based material comprising conductive materials in a resin-based host.
  • the percent by weight of the conductive loading is between 20% and 50% of the total weight of the conductive loaded resin-based material.
  • the conductive loaded, resin- based material is molded into a fusible link, a first conductive terminal, and a second conductive terminal.
  • the first conductive terminal is attached to a first end of the fusible link.
  • the second conductive terminal is attached to a second end of the fusible link.
  • Figs, la, lb, and lc illustrate a preferred embodiment of the present invention showing an electrical fuse comprising a conductive loaded resin-based material.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a first preferred embodiment of a conductive loaded resin-based material wherein the conductive materials comprise a powder.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a second preferred embodiment of a conductive loaded resin-based material wherein the conductive materials comprise micron conductive fibers.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates a third preferred embodiment of a conductive loaded resin-based material wherein the conductive materials comprise both conductive powder and micron conductive fibers.
  • Figs. 5a and 5b illustrate a fourth preferred embodiment wherein conductive fabric-like materials are formed from the conductive loaded resin-based material.
  • Figs. 6a and 6b illustrate, in simplified schematic form, an injection molding apparatus and an extrusion molding apparatus that may be used to mold electrical fuse devices of a conductive loaded resin-based material.
  • This invention relates to electrical fuses molded of conductive loaded resin-based materials comprising micron conductive powders, micron conductive fibers, or a combination thereof, substantially homogenized within a base resin when molded.
  • the conductive loaded resin-based materials of the invention are base resins loaded with conductive materials, which then makes any base resin a conductor rather than an insulator.
  • the resins provide the structural integrity to the molded part.
  • the micron conductive fibers, micron conductive powders, or a combination thereof, are substantially homogenized within the resin during the molding process, providing the electrical continuity.
  • the conductive loaded resin-based materials can be molded, extruded or the like to provide almost any desired shape or size.
  • the molded conductive loaded resin-based materials can also be cut, stamped, or vacuumed formed from an injection molded or extruded sheet or bar stock, over- molded, laminated, milled or the like to provide the desired shape and size.
  • the thermal or electrical conductivity characteristics of electrical fuses fabricated using conductive loaded resin-based materials depend on the composition of the conductive loaded resin-based materials, of which the loading or doping parameters can be adjusted, to aid in achieving the desired structural, electrical or other physical characteristics of the material.
  • the selected materials used to fabricate the electrical fuse devices are substantially homogenized together using molding techniques and or methods such as injection molding, over-molding, insert molding, thermo-set, protrusion, extrusion or the like.
  • Characteristics related to 2D, 3D, 4D, and 5D designs, molding and electrical characteristics include the physical and electrical advantages that can be achieved during the molding process of the actual parts and the polymer physics associated within the conductive networks within the molded part(s) or formed material (s).
  • the conductive loaded resin-based material In the conductive loaded resin-based material, electrons travel from point to point when under stress, following the path of least resistance. Most resin-based materials are insulators and represent a high resistance to electron passage. The doping of the conductive loading into the resin-based material alters the inherent resistance of the polymers. At a threshold concentration of conductive loading, the resistance through the combined mass is lowered enough to allow electron movement. Speed of electron movement depends on conductive loading concentration, that is, the separation between the conductive loading particles. Increasing conductive loading content reduces interparticle separation distance, and, at a critical distance known as the percolation point, resistance decreases dramatically and electrons move rapidly.
  • Resistivity is a material property that depends on the atomic bonding and on the microstructure of the material.
  • the atomic microstructure material properties within the conductive loaded resin-based material are altered when molded into a structure.
  • a substantially homogenized conductive microstructure of delocalized valance electrons is created.
  • This microstructure provides sufficient charge carriers within the molded matrix structure.
  • a low density, low resistivity, lightweight, durable, resin based polymer microstructure material is achieved.
  • This material exhibits conductivity comparable to that of highly conductive metals such as silver, copper or aluminum, while maintaining the superior structural characteristics found in many plastics and rubbers or other structural resin based materials.
  • the use of conductive loaded resin-based materials in the fabrication of electrical fuses significantly lowers the cost of materials and the design and manufacturing processes used to hold ease of close tolerances, by forming these materials into desired shapes and sizes.
  • the electrical fuses can be manufactured into infinite shapes and sizes using conventional forming methods such as injection molding, over-molding, or extrusion or the like.
  • the conductive loaded resin-based materials, when molded, typically but not exclusively produce a desirable usable range of resistivity from between about 5 and 25 ohms per square, but other resistivities can be achieved by varying the doping parameters and/or resin selection (s) .
  • the conductive loaded resin-based materials comprise micron conductive powders, micron conductive fibers, or any combination thereof, which are substantially homogenized together within the base resin, during the molding process, yielding an easy to produce low cost, electrically conductive, close tolerance manufactured part or circuit.
  • the resulting molded article comprises a three dimensional, continuous network of conductive loading and polymer matrix.
  • the micron conductive powders can be of carbons, graphites, amines or the like, and/or of metal powders such as nickel, copper, silver, aluminum, or plated or the like.
  • micron conductive fibers may be metal fiber or metal plated fiber. Further, the metal plated fiber may be formed by metal plating onto a metal fiber or metal plating onto a non-metal fiber.
  • Exemplary micron conductive fibers include nickel plated carbon fiber, stainless steel fiber, copper fiber, silver fiber, aluminum fiber, or the like, or combinations thereof.
  • Metal plating for fiber include copper, nickel, cobalt, silver, gold, palladium, platinum, ruthenium, and rhodium, and alloys of thereof.
  • Non-metal fiber cores include carbon, graphite, polyester, and other synthetic materials.
  • Superconductor metals, such as titanium, nickel, niobium, and zirconium, and alloys of titanium, nickel, niobium, and zirconium may also be used as micron conductive fibers in the present invention.
  • the structural material is a material such as any polymer resin.
  • Structural material can be, here given as examples and not as an exhaustive list, polymer resins produced by GE PLASTICS, Pittsfield, MA, a range of other plastics produced by GE PLASTICS, Pittsfield, MA, a range of other plastics produced by other manufacturers, silicones produced by GE SILICONES, Waterford, NY, or other flexible resin-based rubber compounds produced by other manufacturers.
  • the resin-based structural material loaded with micron conductive powders, micron conductive fibers, or in combination thereof can be molded, using conventional molding methods such as injection molding or over-molding, or extrusion to create desired shapes and sizes.
  • the molded conductive loaded resin-based materials can also be stamped, cut or milled as desired to form create the desired shape form factor (s) of the electrical fuses.
  • the doping composition and directionality associated with the micron conductors within the loaded base resins can affect the electrical and structural characteristics of the electrical fuses and can be precisely controlled by mold designs, gating and or protrusion design (s) and or during the molding process itself.
  • the resin base can be selected to obtain the desired thermal characteristics such as very high melting point or specific thermal conductivity.
  • a resin-based sandwich laminate could also be fabricated with random or continuous webbed micron stainless steel fibers or other conductive fibers, forming a cloth like material.
  • the webbed conductive fiber can be laminated or the like to materials such as Teflon,
  • Polyesters or any resin-based flexible or solid material (s), which when discretely designed in fiber content (s), orientation (s) and shape (s), will produce a very highly conductive flexible cloth-like material.
  • a cloth-like material could also be used in forming electrical fuses that could be embedded in a person' s clothing as well as other resin materials such as rubber (s) or plastic (s).
  • the fibers When using conductive fibers as a webbed conductor as part of a laminate or cloth-like material, the fibers may have diameters of between about 3 and 12 microns, typically between about 8 and 12 microns or in the range of about 10 microns, with length (s) that can be seamless or overlapping.
  • the conductive loaded resin-based material of the present invention can be made resistant to corrosion and/or metal electrolysis by selecting micron conductive fiber and/or micron conductive powder and base resin that are resistant to corrosion and/or metal electrolysis. For example, if a corrosion/electrolysis resistant base resin is combined with stainless steel fiber and carbon fiber/powder, then a corrosion and/or metal electrolysis resistant conductive loaded resin-based material is achieved.
  • the conductive loaded resin-based material of the present invention may be made flame retardant. Selection of a flame-retardant (FR) base resin material allows the resulting product to exhibit flame retardant capability. This is especially important in electrical fuse applications as described herein.
  • FR flame-retardant
  • the substantially homogeneous mixing of micron conductive fiber and/or micron conductive powder and base resin described in the present invention may also be described as doping. That is, the substantially homogeneous mixing converts the typically non-conductive base resin material into a conductive material.
  • This process is analogous to the doping process whereby a semiconductor material, such as silicon, can be converted into a conductive material through the introduction of donor/acceptor ions as is well known in the art of semiconductor devices. Therefore, the present invention uses the term doping to mean converting a typically non- conductive base resin material into a conductive material through the substantially homogeneous mixing of micron conductive fiber and/or micron conductive powder into a base resin.
  • electrical fuses constructed of the conductive loaded resin-based material can be easily interfaced to an electrical circuit or grounded.
  • the conductive loaded resin-based material is partly or completely plated with a metal layer.
  • the metal layer forms excellent electrical conductivity with the conductive matrix.
  • a connection of this metal layer to another circuit or to ground is then made.
  • a typical metal deposition process for forming a metal layer onto the conductive loaded resin-based material is vacuum metallization. Vacuum metallization is the process where a metal layer, such as aluminum, is deposited on the conductive loaded resin-based material inside a vacuum chamber.
  • metal particles such as silver, copper, or nickel, or the like, are dispersed in an acrylic, vinyl, epoxy, or urethane binder.
  • acrylic, vinyl, epoxy, or urethane binder Most resin-based materials accept and hold paint well, and automatic spraying systems apply coating with consistency.
  • the excellent conductivity of the conductive loaded resin-based material of the present invention facilitates the use of extremely efficient, electrostatic painting techniques .
  • the conductive loaded resin-based material can be contacted in any of several ways.
  • a pin is embedded into the conductive loaded resin-based material by insert molding, ultrasonic welding, pressing, or other means. A connection with a metal wire can easily be made to this pin and results in excellent contact to the conductive loaded resin-based material.
  • a hole is formed in to the conductive loaded resin-based material either during the molding process or by a subsequent process step such as drilling, punching, or the like. A pin is then placed into the hole and is then ultrasonically welded to form a permanent mechanical and electrical contact.
  • a pin or a wire is soldered to the conductive loaded resin-based material.
  • a hole is formed in the conductive loaded resin- based material either during the molding operation or by drilling, stamping, punching, or the like.
  • a solderable layer is then formed in the hole.
  • the solderable layer is preferably formed by metal plating.
  • a conductor is placed into the hole and then mechanically and electrically bonded by point, wave, or reflow soldering.
  • solderable ink film Another method to provide connectivity to the conductive loaded resin-based material is through the application of a solderable ink film to the surface.
  • a solderable ink is a combination of copper and solder particles in an epoxy resin binder. The resulting mixture is an active, screen-printable and dispensable material. During curing, the solder reflows to coat and to connect the copper particles and to thereby form a cured surface that is directly solderable without the need for additional plating or other processing steps. Any solderable material may then be mechanically and/or electrically attached, via soldering, to the conductive loaded resin-based material at the location of the applied solderable ink.
  • solderable inks can be used to provide this solderable surface onto the conductive loa ⁇ e ⁇ resin-Joased material of the present invention.
  • Another exemplary embodiment of a solderable ink is a mixture of one or more metal powder systems with a reactive organic medium. This type of ink material is converted to solderable pure metal during a low temperature cure without any organic binders or alloying elements.
  • a ferromagnetic conductive loaded resin-based material may be formed of the present invention to create a magnetic or magnetizable form of the material. Ferromagnetic micron conductive fibers and/or ferromagnetic conductive powders are mixed with the base resin. Ferrite materials and/or rare earth magnetic materials are added as a conductive loading to the base resin. With the substantially homogeneous mixing of the ferromagnetic micron conductive fibers and/or micron conductive powders, the ferromagnetic conductive loaded resin-based material is able to produce an excellent low cost, low weight magnetize-able item.
  • the magnets and magnetic devices of the present invention can be magnetized during or after the molding process.
  • the magnetic strength of the magnets and magnetic devices can be varied by adjusting the amount of ferromagnetic micron conductive fibers and/or ferromagnetic micron conductive powders that are incorporated with the base resin. By increasing the amount of the ferromagnetic doping, the strength of the magnet or magnetic devices is increased.
  • the substantially homogenous mixing of the conductive fiber network allows for a substantial amount of fiber to be added to the base resin without causing the structural integrity of the item to decline.
  • the ferromagnetic conductive loaded resin-based magnets display the excellent physical properties of the base resin, including flexibility, moldability, strength, and resistance to environmental corrosion, along with excellent magnetic ability.
  • the unique ferromagnetic conductive loaded resin-based material facilitates formation of items that exhibit excellent thermal and electrical conductivity as well as magnetism.
  • a high aspect ratio magnet is easily achieved through the use of ferromagnetic conductive micron fiber or through the combination of ferromagnetic micron powder with conductive micron fiber.
  • the use of micron conductive fiber allows for molding articles with a high aspect ratio of conductive fiber to cross sectional area. If a ferromagnetic micron fiber is used, then this high aspect ratio translates into a high quality magnetic article.
  • a ferromagnetic micron powder is combined with micron conductive fiber, then the magnetic effect of the powder is effectively spread throughout the molded article via the network of conductive fiber such that an effective high aspect ratio molded magnetic article is achieved.
  • the ferromagnetic conductive loaded resin-based material may be magnetized, after molding, by exposing the molded article to a strong magnetic field.
  • a strong magnetic field may be used to magnetize the ferromagnetic conductive loaded resin-based material during the molding process.
  • Exemplary ferromagnetic conductive fiber materials include ferrite, or ceramic, materials as nickel zinc, manganese zinc, and combinations of iron, boron, and strontium, and the like.
  • rare earth elements such as neodymium and samarium, typified by neodymium-iron- boron, samarium-cobalt, and the like, are useful ferromagnetic conductive fiber materials.
  • Exemplary non-ferromagnetic conductor fibers include stainless steel, nickel, copper, silver, aluminum, or other suitable metals or conductive fibers, alloys, plated materials, or combinations thereof.
  • Superconductor metals such as titanium, nickel, niobium, and zirconium, and alloys of titanium, nickel, niobium, and zirconium may also be used as micron conductive fibers in the present invention.
  • Exemplary ferromagnetic micron powder leached onto the conductive fibers include ferrite, or ceramic, materials as nickel zinc, manganese zinc, and combinations of iron, boron, and strontium, and the like.
  • rare earth elements such as neodymium and samarium, typified by neodymium-iron-boron, samarium-cobalt, and the like, are useful ferromagnetic conductive powder materials.
  • the electrical fuse device 10 comprises two terminals 16 connected by a fusible link section 18.
  • the terminals 16 and fusible link 18 preferably both comprise a conductive loaded resin-based material 14.
  • the fuse performance characteristics including the operating voltage and current range, the nominal resistance, the fusing current, and the open circuit resistance are controlled by the composition of the conductive loaded resin-based material 14.
  • the type of the conductive materials, type of resin-based material, and the relative composition, by weight, of the conductive and resin-based materials determine the performance parameters.
  • the design geometry, such as the width W and thickness T of the fusible link section 18, may be used to optimize the fuse performance parameters.
  • Typical automotive fuses comprise two metal terminals connected by a metal fusible link.
  • the fusible link is typically insulated by a plastic housing.
  • the fuse 10 of the present invention comprises terminals 16 and link 18 of the conductive loaded resin-based material.
  • an insulating layer is formed overlying the fusible link 18.
  • this additional layer comprises a resin-based material and, more preferably, this layer comprises the same base resin as is used in the conductive loaded resin-based material of the link 18.
  • a single molding operation is used to form the fuse device, including the terminals 16 and the fusible link 18 entirely from the conductive loaded resin- based material 14.
  • This manufacturing method substantially reduces the manufacturing cost in material, labor, and equipment when compared to typical, metal link fuses.
  • the resulting fuses are non-corrosive and impervious to moisture and, therefore, well suited to difficult environmental applications such as automotive and maritime. While an automotive or recreational vehicle type of fuse is illustrated in the preferred embodiment, it should be clear to those skilled in the art any other type of electrical fuse may be formed according to the present invention.
  • fuses for typical alternating current systems, such as are used in residences and businesses may be so formed.
  • the fuses of the present applications may be modified for use in various electronics systems and electrical devices.
  • the conductive loaded resin-based material of the present invention typically comprises a micron powder (s) of conductor particles and/or in combination of micron fiber (s) substantially homogenized within a base resin host.
  • Fig. 2 shows cross section view of an example of conductor loaded resin-based material 32 having powder of conductor particles 34 in a base resin host 30.
  • the diameter D of the conductor particles 34 in the powder is between about 3 and 12 microns.
  • Fig. 3 shows a cross section view of an example of conductor loaded resin-based material 36 having conductor fibers 38 in a base resin host 30.
  • the conductor fibers 38 have a diameter of between about 3 and 12 microns, typically in the range of 10 microns or between about 8 and
  • the conductors used for these conductor particles 34 or conductor fibers 38 can be stainless steel, nickel, copper, silver, aluminum, or other suitable metals or conductive fibers, or combinations thereof.
  • Superconductor metals such as titanium, nickel, niobium, and zirconium, and alloys of titanium, nickel, niobium, and zirconium may also be used as micron conductive fibers in the present invention. These conductor particles and or fibers are substantially homogenized within a base resin.
  • the conductive loaded resin-based materials have a sheet resistance between about 5 and 25 ohms per square, though other values can be achieved by varying the doping parameters and/or resin selection. To realize this sheet resistance the weight of the conductor material comprises between about 20% and about 50% of the total weight of the conductive loaded resin-based material.
  • the weight of the conductive material comprises between about 20% and about 40% of the total weight of the conductive loaded resin-based material. More preferably yet, the weight of the conductive material comprises between about 25% and about 35% of the total weight of the conductive loaded resin-based material. Still more preferably yet, the weight of the conductive material comprises about 30% of the total weight of the conductive loaded resin-based material.
  • Stainless Steel Fiber of 6-12 micron in diameter and lengths of 4-6 mm and comprising, by weight, about 30% of the total weight of the conductive loaded resin-based material will produce a very highly conductive parameter, efficient within any EMF spectrum.
  • conductive materials comprise a combination of both conductive powders
  • Figs. 5a and 5b a preferred composition of the conductive loaded, resin-based material is illustrated.
  • the conductive loaded resin-based material can be formed into fibers or textiles that are then woven or webbed into a conductive fabric.
  • the conductive loaded resin-based material is formed in strands that can be woven as shown.
  • Fig. 5a shows a conductive fabric 42 where the fibers are woven together in a two-dimensional weave 46 and 50 of fibers or textiles.
  • Fig. 5b shows a conductive fabric 42' where the fibers are formed in a webbed arrangement.
  • conductive fabrics or textiles 42 see Fig. 5a, and 42', see Fig. 5b, can be made very thin, thick, rigid, flexible or in solid form(s).
  • a conductive, but cloth-like, material can be formed using woven or webbed micron stainless steel fibers, or other micron conductive fibers. These woven or webbed conductive cloths could also be sandwich laminated to one or more layers of materials such as Polyester (s) , Teflon (s), Kevlar(s) or any other desired resin-based material (s). This conductive fabric may then be cut into desired shapes and sizes. Electrical fuses formed from conductive loaded resin- based materials can be formed or molded in a number of different ways including injection molding, extrusion or chemically induced molding or forming.
  • Fig. 6a shows a simplified schematic diagram of an injection mold showing a lower portion 54 and upper portion 58 of the mold 50. Conductive loaded blended resin-based material is injected into the mold cavity 64 through an injection opening 60 and then the substantially homogenized conductive material cures by thermal reaction. The upper portion 58 and lower portion 54 of the mold are then separated or parted and the electrical fuses are removed.
  • Fig. 6b shows a simplified schematic diagram of an extruder 70 for forming electrical fuses using extrusion.
  • Conductive loaded resin-based material is placed in the hopper 80 of the extrusion unit 74.
  • a piston, screw, press or other means 78 is then used to force the thermally molten or a chemically induced curing conductive loaded resin-based material through an extrusion opening 82 which shapes the thermally molten curing or chemically induced cured conductive loaded resin-based material to the desired shape.
  • the conductive loaded resin-based material is then fully cured by chemical reaction or thermal reaction to a hardened or pliable state and is ready for use.
  • thermoplastic or thermosetting resin-based materials and associated processes may be used in molding the conductive
  • An effective electrical fuse device is achieved.
  • a method to form an electrical fuse device is
  • manufacture results in a well performing fuse that is easy
  • the electrical fuse device is molded of
  • thermal characteristics can be altered or the visual ⁇

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Abstract

L'invention concerne des fusibles électriques formés d'une matière à base de résine chargée conductrice. Ladite matière à base de résine chargée conductrice contient des poudres conductrices de l'ordre du micron, des fibres conductrices ou un mélange de poudre conductrice et de fibres conductrices dans une résine hôte de base. Le pourcentage en poids des poudres conductrices, des fibres conductrices ou d'un mélange correspondant se situe entre environ 20 % et 50 % en poids de la matière à base de résine chargée conductrice. Ces poudres conductrices de l'ordre du micron sont formées de matières non métalliques, telles que le carbone, le graphite qui peuvent également être plaqués de métal ou similaire ou provenir de métaux, tels que l'acier inoxydable, le nickel, le cuivre, l'argent qui peuvent aussi être plaqués de métal ou similaire ou provenir d'un mélange de matières non métalliques plaquées ou mélangés à des poudres métalliques. Ces fibres conductrices de l'ordre du micron sont, de préférence, constituées de fibre de carbone plaquée de nickel, de fibre d'acier inoxydable, de fibre de cuivre, de fibre d'argent, de fibre d'aluminium ou autre.
PCT/US2005/015512 2004-05-06 2005-05-04 Fusibles electriques bon marche fabriques a partir de matieres a base de resine chargees condutrices WO2005117053A2 (fr)

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US56863104P 2004-05-06 2004-05-06
US60/568,631 2004-05-06

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WO2005117053A2 true WO2005117053A2 (fr) 2005-12-08
WO2005117053A3 WO2005117053A3 (fr) 2006-05-04

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CN104552970B (zh) * 2013-10-25 2018-11-30 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种含有超细金属纤维的聚合物复合纤维的制备方法及其制备的聚合物复合纤维

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US4067103A (en) * 1977-02-07 1978-01-10 Littelfuse, Inc. Method of making a plug-in fuse
US5091712A (en) * 1991-03-21 1992-02-25 Gould Inc. Thin film fusible element
US5936509A (en) * 1997-10-03 1999-08-10 Lucent Technologies Inc. Carbon-glass fuse
US6448882B1 (en) * 1999-10-05 2002-09-10 Yazaki Corporation Large current fuse
GB2377449A (en) * 2001-07-09 2003-01-15 Michael Patrick Sayers Electrically conductive polymer composition

Patent Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4067103A (en) * 1977-02-07 1978-01-10 Littelfuse, Inc. Method of making a plug-in fuse
US5091712A (en) * 1991-03-21 1992-02-25 Gould Inc. Thin film fusible element
US5936509A (en) * 1997-10-03 1999-08-10 Lucent Technologies Inc. Carbon-glass fuse
US6448882B1 (en) * 1999-10-05 2002-09-10 Yazaki Corporation Large current fuse
GB2377449A (en) * 2001-07-09 2003-01-15 Michael Patrick Sayers Electrically conductive polymer composition

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