WO2005107297A1 - Une methode et un systeme pour signaler le trafic et les types de support dans un systeme de commutation de reseau de telecommunication - Google Patents

Une methode et un systeme pour signaler le trafic et les types de support dans un systeme de commutation de reseau de telecommunication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005107297A1
WO2005107297A1 PCT/US2005/013945 US2005013945W WO2005107297A1 WO 2005107297 A1 WO2005107297 A1 WO 2005107297A1 US 2005013945 W US2005013945 W US 2005013945W WO 2005107297 A1 WO2005107297 A1 WO 2005107297A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
connection
subscriber
media gateway
request
communications network
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PCT/US2005/013945
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English (en)
Inventor
Michael Gallagher
Puneet Goel
Milan Markovic
Original Assignee
Kineto Wireless, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US11/013,883 external-priority patent/US7640008B2/en
Priority claimed from US11/110,222 external-priority patent/US7957348B1/en
Application filed by Kineto Wireless, Inc. filed Critical Kineto Wireless, Inc.
Publication of WO2005107297A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005107297A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/18—Service support devices; Network management devices
    • H04W88/181—Transcoding devices; Rate adaptation devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/042—Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems
    • H04W84/045—Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems using private Base Stations, e.g. femto Base Stations, home Node B

Definitions

  • the present description relates to communications with a call server in a public land mobile network, and, in particular, to communicating information about traffic formats and parameters with a call server.
  • Licensed wireless systems provide mobile wireless communications to individuals using wireless transceivers.
  • Licensed wireless systems refer to public cellular telephone systems and/or Personal Communication Services (PCS) telephone systems.
  • Wireless transceivers include cellular telephones, PCS telephones, wireless- enabled personal digital assistants, wireless modems, and the like.
  • Licensed wireless systems utilize wireless signal frequencies that are licensed from governments. Large fees are paid for access to these frequencies.
  • Expensive base station (BS) equipment is used to support communications on licensed frequencies.
  • Base stations are typically installed approximately a mile apart from one another (e.g., cellular towers in a cellular network). The wireless transport mechanisms and frequencies employed by typical licensed wireless systems limit both data transfer rates and range.
  • Landline (wired) connections are extensively deployed and generally perform at a lower cost with higher quality voice and higher speed data services.
  • the problem with landline connections is that they constrain the mobility of a user. Traditionally, a physical connection to the landline was required.
  • the use of unlicensed wireless communication systems to facilitate mobile access to landline-based networks have seen rapid growth.
  • such unlicensed wireless systems may support wireless communication based on the IEEE 802.1 la, b or g standards (WiFi), or the BluetoothTM standard.
  • the mobility range associated with such systems is typically on the order of 100 meters or less.
  • a typical unlicensed wireless communication system includes a base station comprising a wireless access point (AP) with a physical connection (e.g., coaxial, twisted pair, or optical cable) to a landline-based network.
  • the AP has a RF (Radio Frequency) transceiver to facilitate communication with a wireless handset that is operative within a modest distance of the AP, wherein the data transport rates supported by the WiFi and BluetoothTM standards are much higher than those supported by the aforementioned licensed wireless systems.
  • this option provides higher quality services at a lower cost, but the services only extend a modest distance from the base station.
  • Some portions of a mobile communications system may have transcoding equipment capable of changing voice or data encoding or formatting.
  • the transcoding equipment is designed only to work according to the predetermined norms, there may be no provision for reconfiguring the equipment to transcode into or out of other formats.
  • a GSM Global System for Mobile Communication
  • specialized media gateways i.e., transcoder and rate adaptation units
  • PCM Pulse Code Modulation
  • TDM Time Division Multiplexed
  • the invention includes receiving an assignment request message from a call server of a communications network, the assignment request message including a description of a bearer connection between a subscriber and the communications network, sending a channel activation request to the subscriber, the channel activation request including at least a portion of the description of the bearer connection between the subscriber and the communications network, receiving connection information about a channel activated by the subscriber in response to the channel activation request, and sending the connection information to the call server to allow the call server to modify the bearer connection.
  • FIG. 1 A provides an overview of the indoor access network (IAN) mobile service solution in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure IB illustrates protocol layers of a mobile set in accordance with one embodiment
  • Figure 1C illustrates a method of protocol conversion in accordance with one embodiment
  • Figure 2A illustrates an overview of a level 1, level 2, and level 3 GSM- related protocol architecture for one embodiment of a mobile station that provides unlicensed radio links via Bluetooth signaling;
  • Figure 2B illustrates an overview of a level 1, level 2, and level 3 GSM- related protocol architecture for one embodiment of a mobile station that provides unlicensed radio links via IEEE 802.11 signaling;
  • Figure 3A illustrates the Up interface protocol architecture in support of CS
  • Figure 3B shows Bluetooth lower layers employed by a mobile station and access point to facilitate physical layer communications
  • Figure 3C shows Bluetooth lower layers employed by a mobile station and access point to facilitate physical layer communications
  • Figure 3D illustrates the Up CS domain voice bearer protocol architecture in support of GSM voice transmission, according to one embodiment
  • Figure 4 illustrates a standard UMA architecture without showing packet data elements
  • Figure 5 illustrates an enhanced UMA architecture in one embodiment also without packet data elements
  • Figure 6A illustrates an enhanced Up interface protocol architecture in support of CS Domain signaling, as well as UMA specific signaling in accordance with one embodiment
  • Figure 6B illustrates an enhanced Up Audio interface protocol architecture with direct passage of higher layers to a media gateway, according to one embodiment
  • Figure 7 is a message and data flow diagram illustrating messages and operations employed to establish a connection between a mobile station and a MSC
  • Figure 8 is a message and data flow diagram illustrating messages and operations employed to handover a call from a licensed base station to a mobile wireless LAN according to an embodiment
  • Figure 9 is a message and data flow diagram illustrating messages and operations employed to modify a bearer connection according to an embodiment.
  • Figure 10 is a message and data flow diagram illustrating messages and operations employed to indicate uplink quality according to an embodiment.
  • the unlicensed wireless system may be a short- range wireless system, which may be described as an "indoor” solution.
  • the unlicensed wireless system includes unlicensed wireless systems that cover not only a portion of a building but also local outdoor regions, such as outdoor portions of a corporate campus serviced by an unlicensed wireless system.
  • the mobile station may, for example, be a wireless phone, smart phone, personal digital assistant, or mobile computer.
  • the "mobile station” may also, for example, be a fixed wireless device providing a set of terminal adapter functions for connecting Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) or Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) terminals to the wireless system.
  • ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
  • POTS Plain Old Telephone Service
  • Application of the present invention to this type of device enables the wireless service provider to offer so-called landline replacement service to users, even for user locations not sufficiently covered by the licensed wireless system.
  • the present description is in the context of the UMA (Unlicensed Mobile Access) standardized architecture as promulgated by the UMA consortium. However, the invention is not so limited.
  • FIG. 1 A illustrates an Unlicensed Mobile Access (UMA) architecture
  • UMA architecture 100 enables a user of a mobile station 102 to access a voice and telecommunications network 104 via either a licensed wireless communications session 106, or an unlicensed wireless communication session 108.
  • the telecommunications network 104 includes a mobile switching center (MSC) 110, which provides access to a voice network 112, and a Serving GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) Support Node (SGSN) 114, which provides access to a data network 116.
  • MSC 110 also provides an internal visitor location register (VLR) function.
  • VLR visitor location register
  • licensed wireless communication session is facilitated by infrastructure provided by a licensed wireless network 118 that includes telecommunications network 104.
  • licensed wireless network 118 depicts components common to a GSM-(Global System for Mobile Communication) based cellular network that includes multiple base transceiver stations (BTS) 120 (of which only one is shown for simplicity) that facilitate wireless communication services for various mobile stations 102 via respective licensed radio links 122 (e.g., radio links employing radio frequencies within a licensed bandwidth).
  • BTS base transceiver stations
  • the multiple BTSs 120 are configured in a cellular configuration (one per each cell) that covers a wide service area.
  • the various BTSs 120 for a given area or region are managed by a base station controller (BSC) 124, with each BTS 120 communicatively-coupled to its BSC 124 via a private trunk 126.
  • BSC base station controller
  • a large licensed wireless network such as that provided by a regional or nationwide mobile services provider, will include multiple BSCs 124.
  • Each BSC 124 communicates with telecommunications network 104 through a standard base station controller interface 126.
  • a BSC 124 may communicate with MSC 110 via the GSM A-interface for circuit switched voice services and with SGSN 114 via the GSM Gb interface for packet data services (GPRS).
  • GPRS packet data services
  • Conventional licensed voice and data networks 104 include protocols to permit seamless handoffs from one recognized BSC 124 to another BSC (not shown).
  • An unlicensed communication session 108 is facilitated via an (wireless) access point (AP) 128 comprising an indoor base station 130.
  • AP 128 will be located in a fixed structure, such as a home 132 or an office building 134.
  • the service area of indoor base station 130 includes an indoor portion of a building, although it will be understood that the service area of an indoor base station may include an outdoor portion of a building or campus.
  • the mobile station 102 may be connected to the telecommunications network 114 via a second data path that includes an unlicensed wireless channel 136, access point 128, an access network 138, and an unlicensed mobile access network controller (UNC) 140.
  • the UNC 140 communicates with telecommunications network 104 using abase station controller interface 126B that is similar to base station controller interface 126A, and includes a GSM A interface and Gb interface.
  • Indoor base station 128 and indoor network controller 132 may include software entities stored in memory and executing on one or more microprocessors (not shown in Figure 1 A) adapted to perform protocol conversion.
  • Indoor base station 128 and UMA network controller 140 may also include software entities stored in memory and executing on one or more microprocessors (not shown in Figure 1 A) adapted to perform protocol conversion.
  • the unlicensed wireless channel 136 is facilitated by a radio link employing a wavelength (or wavelength range) in an unlicensed, free spectrum (e.g., spectrum around 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, 11-66 GHz).
  • An unlicensed wireless service hosting unlicensed wireless channel 136 may have an associated communication protocol.
  • the unlicensed wireless service may be a BluetoothTM compatible wireless service, or a wireless local area network (LAN) (WiFi) service (e.g., the IEEE 802.11a, b, or g wireless standard).
  • LAN wireless local area network
  • WiFi wireless local area network
  • This provides the user with potentially improved quality of service in the service regions of the unlicensed wireless service (i.e., within the service range of a corresponding AP).
  • LAN wireless local area network
  • WiFi wireless local area network
  • This provides the user with potentially improved quality of service in the service regions of the unlicensed wireless service (i.e., within the service range of a corresponding AP).
  • the subscriber may enjoy low cost, high speed, and high quality voice and data services.
  • the subscriber enjoys extended service range since the handset can receive services deep within a building at locations that otherwise may not be reliably serviced by a licensed wireless system.
  • Mobile station 102 may include a microprocessor and memory (not shown) that stores computer program instructions for executing wireless protocols for managing communication sessions.
  • the mobile station 102 includes a layer 1 protocol layer 142, layer 2 protocol layer 144, and a layer 3 signaling protocol layer for the licensed wireless service that includes a radio resource (RR) sublayer 146, a mobility management (MM) sublayer 148, and a call management (CM) layer 150.
  • RR radio resource
  • MM mobility management
  • CM call management
  • layer 1 is the physical layer, i.e., the physical baseband for a wireless communication session.
  • the physical layer is the lowest layer of the radio interface and provides functions to transfer bit streams over physical radio links.
  • Layer 2 is the data link layer.
  • the data link layer provides signaling between the mobile station and the base station controller.
  • the RR sublayer is concerned with the management of an RR-session, which is the time that a mobile station is in a dedicated mode, as well as the configuration of radio channel, power controller, discontinuous transmission and reception, and handovers.
  • the mobility management layer manages issues that arise from the mobility of the subscriber.
  • the mobility management layer may, for example, deal with mobile station location, security functions, and authentication.
  • the call control management layer provides controls for end-to-end call establishment. These functions for a licensed wireless system are well known by those in the art of wireless communication.
  • the mobile station may also include an unlicensed wireless service physical layer 152 (i.e., a physical layer for unlicensed wireless service such as Bluetooth, WiFi, or other unlicensed wireless channel (e.g., WiMAX)).
  • the mobile station also includes an unlicensed wireless service level 2 link layer 154, and an unlicensed wireless service radio resource sublayer(s) 156.
  • An access mode switch 160 is included for the mobile management 148 and call management layers 150 to access the unlicensed wireless service radio resource sublayer 156 and unlicensed wireless service link layer 154 when the mobile station 102 is within range of an unlicensed AP 128 and to support switching between licenced RR sublayer 146 and unlicensed wireless service RR sublayer 156.
  • the unlicensed radio resource sublayer 156 and unlicensed link layer are identical to each other.
  • the unlicensed radio resource sublayer 156 and unlicensed link layer 154 need to be converted into a format compatible with a conventional base station controller interface protocol 126 recognized by a MSC, SGSN, or other voice or data network.
  • the mobile station 102, AP 128 and UNC 140 provide an interface conversion function to convert the level 1, level 2, and level 3 layers of the unlicensed service into a conventional base station subnetwork (BSS) interface 126B (e.g., an A-interface or a Gb-interface).
  • BSS base station subnetwork
  • a communication session may be established that is transparent to the voice network/data network 104, i.e., the voice/data network 104 uses its standard interface and protocols for the communication session as it would with a conventional communication session handled by a conventional base transceiver station.
  • the mobile station 102 and UNC 140 are configured to initiate and forward location update and service requests.
  • protocols for a seamless handoff of services that is transparent to voice/data network 104 are facilitated.
  • This permits, for example, a single phone number to be used for both the licensed wireless service and the unlicensed wireless service.
  • the present invention permits a variety of services that were traditionally offered only through licensed wireless services to be offered through an unlicensed wireless service. The user thus gets the benefit of potentially higher quality service when their mobile station is located within the area serviced by a high bandwidth unlicensed wireless service while also having access to conventional phone services.
  • the licensed wireless service may comprise any licensed wireless service having a defined BSS interface protocol 126 for a voice/data network 104.
  • the licensed wireless service is a GSM/GPRS radio access network, although it will be understood that embodiments of the present invention include other licensed wireless services.
  • the UNC 140 interconnects to the GSM core network via the same base station controller interfaces 126 used by a standard GSM BSS network element.
  • these interfaces are the GSM A-interface for circuit switched voice services and the GSM Gb interface for packet data services (GPRS).
  • the UNC 140 interconnects to the UMTS network using a UMTS Iu-cs interface for circuit switched voice services and the UMTS Iu-ps interface for packet data services.
  • the UNC 140 interconnects with the CDMA network using the CDMA Al and A2 interfaces for circuit switched voice services and the CDMA A10 and Al 1 interfaces for packet data services.
  • UNC 140 appears to the GSM/GPRS core network as a GSM BSS network element and is managed and operated as such.
  • the principle elements of transaction control e.g., call processing
  • the MSC 110 visitor location register (VLR) and the SGSN 114 are provided by higher network elements; namely the MSC 110 visitor location register (VLR) and the SGSN 114.
  • Authorized mobile stations are allowed access to the GSM/GPRS core network either directly through the GSM radio access network if they are outside of the service area of an AP 128 or via the UMA network system if they are within the service area of an AP.
  • the unlicensed wireless service may support all user services that are typically offered by a wireless service provider.
  • this typically includes the following basic services: Telephony; Emergency call (e.g., E911 calling in North America); Short message, mobile- terminated point-to-point (MT/PP); Short message, mobile-originated point-to-point (MO/PP); GPRS bearer services; Handover (outdoor-to-indoor, indoor-to-outdoor, voice, data, SMS, SS).
  • GSM may also support, various supplementary services that are well-known in the art.
  • FIG. 2 A provides an overview of a level 1, level 2, and level 3 GSM- related protocol architecture for one embodiment of mobile station 102 that provides unlicensed radio links via Bluetooth signaling.
  • the protocol architecture includes a GSM baseband level 1 layer 206, GSM level 2 link layer (LAPDm) 208, Bluetooth baseband level 1 layer 210, Bluetooth level 2 layers 211 including a layer 2 connection access procedure (L2CAP) layer 212 and a BNEP layer 213, an access mode switch 214, and upper layer protocols 216.
  • L2CAP layer 2 connection access procedure
  • the UMA-RR entity 204 When the mobile station is operating in an UMA mode, the UMA-RR entity 204 is the current "serving" RR entity providing service to the mobility management (MM) sublayer via the designated service access point (RR-SAP).
  • the GSM RR entity is detached from the MM sublayer in this mode.
  • the UMA-RR entity 204 provides a new set of functions, and is responsible for several tasks. First the UMA-RR entity is responsible for discovery of UMA coverage and UMA registration. Second, the UMA-RR entity is responsible for emulation of the GSM RR layer to provide the expected services to the MM layer; i.e., create, maintain and tear down RR connections. All existing GSM 04.07 primitives defined for the RR-SAP apply.
  • UMA-RR entity 204 The plug-in of UMA-RR entity 204 is made transparent to the upper layer protocols in this way.
  • a UMA-RR entity 204 module is responsible for coordination with the GSM RR entity to manage access mode switching and handover, as described in further detail in Application Serial No. 10/688,470 referenced above.
  • Figure 2B provides an overview of a level 1, level 2, and level 3 GSM- related protocol architecture for one embodiment of mobile station 102 that provides unlicensed radio links via IEEE 802.11 signaling. All of the entities and layers are the same as described above for Figure 2A, except that the Bluetooth layers have been replaced with an 802.11 PHY layer 218 and an 802.11 MAC layer 220.
  • Figure 3A illustrates the Up interface protocol architecture in support of circuit switched (CS) Domain signaling, as well as UMA-specific signaling, according to one embodiment.
  • CS circuit switched
  • MSC sublayers are conventional, well known features known in the art in regards to the message transfer part (MTP) interfaces MTP1 302, MTP2 304, and MTP3 306, signaling connection control part (SCCP) 308, base station system application part (BSSAP) 310, mobility management interface 312, and connection management interface 314.
  • MTP message transfer part
  • SCCP signaling connection control part
  • BSSAP base station system application part
  • the UMA-RR protocol supports the UMA "layer 3" signaling functions via UMA-RR layers 204 provided by each of the mobile station 102 and UNC 140.
  • the UNC 140 acting like a BSC, terminates UMA-RR protocol messages and is responsible for the interworking between these messages and the analogous A-interface messages.
  • the layers below the UMA-RR layer 204 in each of mobile station 104 and UNC 140 include a TCP layer 316, a remote IP layer 318, and an IPSec (IP security) layer 320. As an option, a standard Secure Socket Layer (SSL) protocol running over TCP/IP (not shown) may be deployed in place of IPSec layer 320.
  • SSL Secure Socket Layer
  • Lower-level IP connectivity between mobile station 102 and UNC 140 is supported by appropriate layers hosted by an intervening access point 128 and broadband IP network 138 (i.e., the access network 138 shown in Figure 1A).
  • the components for supporting the IP transport layer include a transport IP layers 322 for each of the mobile station 104, AP 128, and IP network 138, and an IP layer 322A at UNC 140.
  • a transport IP layers 322 for each of the mobile station 104, AP 128, and IP network 138, and an IP layer 322A at UNC 140 At the lowest layers (i.e., the physical and data link layers), mobile station 104 and AP 128 are depicted as providing unlicensed lower layers 324, while each of AP 128, IP network 138, and UNC 140 provide appropriate access layers 326.
  • access layers 326 will include conventional Ethernet PHY and MAC layers (IEEE 802.3), although this is not limiting.
  • the unlicensed layers lower layers 324 will depend on whether the unlicensed radio link uses Bluetooth signaling or IEEE 802.11 signaling.
  • the Bluetooth lower layers depicted in Figure 3 A correspond to the mobile station architecture of Figure 2A, and include a Bluetooth baseband layer 210, an L2CAP layer 212, and a BNEP layer 213.
  • the 801.11 lower layers shown in Figure 3B correspond to the mobile station architecture of Figure 2B, and include a 802.11 PHY layer 218 and in 802.11 MAC layer 220.
  • Figure 3D illustrates the Up CS domain voice bearer protocol architecture in support of GSM voice transmission, according to one embodiment.
  • GSM voice transmission In addition to the like named and referenced components common to the architectures of Figure 3D and 3C, facilities are provided for supporting GSM voice transmission.
  • these components include conventional components for supporting GSM voice transmissions, and are depicted as physical layers 330 and audio 332, with similar components being deployed in UNC 140.
  • Each of mobile station 102 and UNC 140 now include a GERAN (GSM Edge Radio Access Network) codec 334 and an RTP/UDP layer 336.
  • GERAN GSM Edge Radio Access Network
  • the mobile station may be, for example, a wireless phone, smart phone, personal digital assistant, or mobile computer.
  • the mobile station may also be, for example, a fixed wireless device providing a set of terminal adapter functions for connecting Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) or Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) terminals to the wireless system.
  • ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
  • POTS Plain Old Telephone Service
  • Other terminal adapter types may be employed with embodiments of the present invention. For example: (1) a terminal adapter that supports cordless telephones rather than POTS phones; (2) a terminal adapter that supports standard Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) telephones; and (3) a terminal adapter that also integrates a corded handset and user interface, such as one would find on a desk phone.
  • SIP Session Initiation Protocol
  • the invention described herein describes how these terminal adapter functions can be connected to the wireless system via the unlicensed network.
  • SIM Access Profile a Bluetooth standard capability that allows one Bluetooth device (e.g., an embedded cell phone subsystem in a car) to access the SIM that is in another Bluetooth device (e.g., the user's normal cell phone), allowing the first device to take on the "personality" associated with the SIM (i.e., that of the user's normal cell phone).
  • the embodiments described above could make use of this standard capability to give the terminal adapter-attached devices (e.g., a POTS phone) the personality of the user's cell phone.
  • GSM BSSMAP Base Station Subsystem
  • UMA Unlicensed Mobile Access
  • MSC Mobile Switching Center
  • 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project Release 4 MSC Server
  • This MSC server uses the "Release 4 distributed MSC Architecture" as defined in the 3GPP TS 23.002 standard. Modifications are made to the BSSMAP protocol and the A interface.
  • Figure 4 shows a conventional context for an A Interface of a UNC
  • customer premises equipment (CPE) 411 is coupled through a broadband access network 413, such as a wide area network or the Internet to a UNC 415.
  • the CPE is shown as a mobile station, such as a wireless or mobile phone shown as 102 in Figure 1, coupled through an Up radio interface to a wireless access point (AP) shown as 128 in Figure 1.
  • AP wireless access point
  • IBS Indoor Base Station
  • VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol
  • UMA Universal Mobile Access
  • the UNC which may be similar to the UNC shown as 140 in Figure 1, is shown as including a security gateway 417 to terminate the secure tunnel between the MS and the UNC.
  • the security gateway is coupled to a control server and to a media gateway 420 or TRAU (Transcoder and Rate Adaptation Unit).
  • TRAU Transcoder and Rate Adaptation Unit
  • the control server handles signaling with a PLMN 421.
  • the UNC emulates a BSC (Base Station Controller) and uses signaling protocols, such as A interface protocols designed for communication between an MSC and a BSC.
  • the UNC may also include other components depending on the particular implementation.
  • the UNC is in the form of an INC (Internet Protocol Network Controller)
  • Figure 4 shows a few of the components of the PLMN 421 which, in this example, includes a telephony switching center 425, such as an MSC Call Server.
  • the MSC Call Server has a DTAP (Direct Transfer Application Part) and BSSMAP connection to the UNC.
  • the PLMN also has a media gateway 427 that is coupled to the media gateway 420 of the UNC and to the MSC Call Server. The media gateway and the MSC Call Server communicate with the UNC using the A interface.
  • the MSC Call Server and media gateway are further coupled to the rest of the PLMN 429, which may include SGSNs, GGSNs, MSC servers, and media gateways as well as BSSs and other UNCs, etc.
  • the PLMN may have further connections to the Internet, the PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network), and other resources.
  • PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
  • the modifications allow traffic to be communicated between a UMA subscriber and a PLMN without a media gateway or TRAU (Transcoder and Rate Adaptation Unit) function in the UNC. This reduces the cost of the system and improves the system's quality.
  • the mobile station and AP 511 are coupled through a broadband access network 513 to a UNC 515.
  • the UNC includes a security gateway 517 and a control server 519, but no media gateway.
  • the PLMN 521 includes an MSC Call Server 525 coupled to the UNC control server and a media gateway 527 which in this case is coupled to the security gateway 517 of the UNC 515.
  • the MSC Call Server and media gateway are coupled to the rest of the PLMN 529, which may include many other resources.
  • the UNC and the MSC communicate with a modified set of messages that may be based on the standard BSSMAP messages used for communications between an MSC and a BSC.
  • the MSC Call Server and the media gatewy communicate using messages that may be based on the standard A interface messages.
  • BSSMAP messages that may be modified include ASSIGNMENT REQUEST, ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE, HANDOVER REQUEST, and HANDOVER DETECT.
  • Message Structures [0066] Capabilities may be added to the system by adding some additional messages in order to support UMA features.
  • These messages may include CHANNEL MODE MODIFY REQUEST, CHANNEL MODE MODIFY ACKNOWLEDGE, and UPLINK QUALITY INDICATION. These messages and the modified messages are described in more detail below. These new messages may be supported within the existing BSSMAP message system by assigning new message type IE (information element) values to them. Examples of possible IE values are as follows:
  • the ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message is sent from the MSC to the UNC via the relevant SCCP (Signaling Connection Control Part) connection in order to request the UNC to assign radio resources and to establish a terrestrial connection, the attributes of the connection in terms of signaling and of bearer traffic are defined within the message.
  • the message is composed of a set of IEs (information elements) of various types. Some of this message's IEs are listed below.
  • the ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE message is sent from the UNC to the MSC in response to the ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message and indicates that the requested assignment has been completed. Some of this message's IEs are listed below.
  • the HANDOVER REQUEST message is sent from the MSC to the UNC via the relevant SCCP connection to indicate that the UMA MS is to be handed over to the UMAN (UMA Network). This corresponds to situations in which a connection is handed over from another BSS handing over to the same MSC or another MSC rather than when a call is initiated and an assignment is requested.
  • UMAN UMA Network
  • the HANDOVER DETECT message is sent by the UNC to the MSC in response to the HANDOVER REQUEST message and indicates that the UMA MS has successfully accessed the UMA system.
  • This message's IEs are similar to that of the ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE message. Some of this message's IEs are listed below.
  • the CHANNEL MODE MODIFY message is sent by the MSC to the UNC to request modifications related to an existing UMA bearer channel and associated RTP stream.
  • Such an existing bearer channel and RTP stream would likely be established through the ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message or the HANDOVER REQUEST message.
  • the IEs are similar to those described above and a list follows.
  • the message is shortened by including only IEs that describe requested modifications from the existing bearer channel and associated RTP stream.
  • the CHANNEL MODE MODIFY ACKNOWLEDGE message is sent by the UNC to the MSC in response to the CHANNEL MODE MODIFY message to acknowledge modifications related to the existing UMA RR bearer channel and associated RTP stream.
  • This message contains IEs similar to the response messages mentioned above. Some are listed below.
  • an UPLINK QUALITY INDICATION message can be sent by the MSC to the UNC as a notification that the uplink quality deteriorated below the threshold and can not be further improved with channel modification. This can be used instead of a CHANNEL MODE MODIFY ACKNOWLEDGE message or as a separate message sent on its own timing.
  • Modified Protocol Architectures [0074] Figure 6A illustrates a modification to the Up interface protocol architecture of Figure 3 A in support of circuit switched (CS) Domain signaling, as well as UMA-specific signaling, according to one embodiment.
  • the MSC sublayers are similar to those described above for Figure 3A.
  • FIG. 6B illustrates a modification of Up Audio protocol architecture, according to an embodiment, that may be implemented in the architecture of Figure 5.
  • This Up Audio architecture allows audio bearer packets 372 to be carried straight through from the MS 102 to the R4 Media Gateway 527 of the PLMN 521. The same applies to remote IP packets 318 and above. In Figure 6B, this includes RTP/UDP signaling 356.
  • the UNC 140 and media gateway 527 employ conventional facilities for supporting Up audio bearer data packets, including lower layers 370 that may include access layers 326, transport IP 322 and an IPSec ESP layer 320.
  • the Remote IP layer 318, RTP/UDP layer 356 and Up audio layer 372 are not shared with the access point 128, IP network 138 or UNC 140. These are transmitted through these elements directly between the MS and the media gateway.
  • Up audio does not need to be transcoded or repacketized for any of the intermediate elements in the communication chain. The transcoding, signaling and codecs of Figure 3D are avoided.
  • Figure 7 shows one procedure associated with successfully establishing a voice channel between the MS 511 and the MSC (i.e., shown as consisting of a MSC Call Server 525 and a Media Gateway 527) for mobile-originated or mobile-terminated call purposes.
  • Figure 7 does not show any connection signaling associated with the call that is not directly related to the connection to the MS (e.g., ISUP (ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) User Part) signaling towards the other party.
  • ISUP ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) User Part
  • the MSC Call Server requests that the media gateway (MG) 527 create a VoIP connection.
  • the communication between the MSC Call Server and the MG may be in the form of a media gateway control protocol, such as H.248. Using this protocol, many different parameters for the VoIP connection may be set. This request includes an identification of the codec or codecs that are allowed for the connection.
  • the MG creates the connection and returns a connection ID and a local connection description that includes the assigned MG IP address and port number for the connection.
  • the MSC Call Server sends an ASSIGNMENT-REQUEST message to the UNC.
  • the ASSIGNMENT-REQUEST message may include any of the IEs mentioned above and may include information describing the connection to the MG encoded into a BSSMAP format.
  • the UNC at line D Upon receiving the ASSIGNMENT-REQUEST message, the UNC at line D sends a URR-ACTIVATE-CHANNEL message to the MS at line D.
  • This message includes the information received in the ASSIGNMENT-REQUEST message from the MSC Call Server.
  • the URR- ACTIVATE CHANNEL message together with the other messages between the MS and the UNC, may be based on those defined in the UMA (Universal Mobile Access) standard, however other messages may be used to signal the CPE to activate a channel.
  • UMA Universal Mobile Access
  • the MS establishes a VoIP connection to the IP address and port identified in the URR-ACTIVATE-CHANNEL message.
  • the MS then returns a URR-ACTIVATE-CHANNEL-ACK message to the UNC, including the required connection information.
  • This information may include such parameters as: RTP UDP Port number, sample size, payload type and RTCP UDP Port number.
  • the UNC sends the URR- ACTIVATE-CHANNEL-COMPLETE message to the MS. [0083] If the connection is not established, then the UNC may send a BSSMAP
  • ASSIGNMENT-FAILURE message (not shown) to the MSC Call Server.
  • the MSC Call Server then initiates call clearing using, for example, a BSSMAP CLEAR- COMMAND message.
  • the UNC can provide full connection information back to the MSC Call Server.
  • the UNC signals the MSC Call Server that assignment is complete using an ASSIGNMENT-COMPLETE message, including the connection information received from the MS.
  • the MSC Call Server requests the MG to modify the previously-created VoIP connection to use the codec and remote IP address and port identified in the ASSIGNMENT-COMPLETE message.
  • the MG modifies the connection, and at line K, RTP packets are flowing in both directions between the MS and the MG, via the broadband IP network. Call establishment may then continue to any other terminals involved in the call.
  • Figure 8 shows an example of messages that may be used to establish a voice channel between an MS 511 and the MSC 525, 527 for GSM-to-AP handover purposes.
  • the signaling not directly related to the MS to MSC Call Server connection is not shown (e.g., GSM signaling towards the other called party).
  • a GSM-to-UMA or AP handover is in progress.
  • the MS 511 is in a call through a GSM air interface to a BTS (Base Transceiver Station).
  • BTS Base Transceiver Station
  • the MS is in the process of handing over that call to the UMAN.
  • a speech channel between the MS and the MSC may be used.
  • the MSC Call Server 525 requests that the media gateway (MG) 527 create a VoIP connection.
  • This request includes the parameters for the codec or codecs that are allowed for the connection.
  • the MG creates the connection and returns a connection ID and a local connection description that includes the assigned MG IP address and port number for the connection.
  • the MSC Server encodes any required connection description information in a HANDOVER-REQUEST message as described above.
  • this message is forwarded to the UNC, and at line D, the UNC responds with a standard BSSMAP HANDONER-REQUEST-ACK message containing an encapsulated HA ⁇ DONER-COMMA ⁇ D message formulated according to the standard GERA ⁇ (GSM EDGE (Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution) Radio Access Network) procedure.
  • GERA ⁇ GSM EDGE (Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution) Radio Access Network
  • the MSC Server directs a GSM BSC (Base Station Controller)
  • GSM BSC Base Station Controller
  • the MS sends an URR-HANDOVER- ACCESS message to the UNC containing the HANDOVER-COMMAND that it received through the GSM air interface.
  • the UNC correlates this signal with the handover request that it responded to on line C.
  • Lines G-I show operations similar to those of lines D-F of Figure 7.
  • the UNC sends an URR-ACTIVATE-CHANNEL message to the MS that includes the information received in the HANDOVER-REQUEST message from the MSC Call Server.
  • the MS returns a URR-ACTIVATE-CHANNEL-ACK message to the UNC including the required connection information such as: RTP UDP Port #, sample size, payload type and RTCP UDP Port #.
  • the UNC sends the URR- ACTIVATE-CHANNEL-COMPLETE message to the MS, completing the connection between the MS and the UNC.
  • the UNC signals the MSC Call Server that the MS has accessed the UNC system via the HANDOVER-DETECT message described above, that includes the connection information received from the MS.
  • Lines K-M show signaling similar to that of lines H-J in of Figure 7.
  • Line K shows RTP packets flowing in one direction from the MS to the MG, via the UNC 515.
  • the MSC Call Server requests the MG to modify any previously created VoIP connection to use the codec and remote IP address and port identified in the HANDOVER-DETECT message.
  • the MG modifies the connection, and at line N, RTP packets are flowing in both directions between the MS and the MG, via the access router.
  • the MS signals the successful completion of the handover by sending the URR-HANDOVER-COMPLETE message to the UNC.
  • the UNC signals successful completion of the handover by sending a BSSMAP HANDOVER-COMPLETE message to the MSC Call Server, and at line Q, the MSC Server responds by switching the call path from GSM public air interface to the UNC. This allows the call to continue uninterrupted at line R.
  • the handover may fail for any number of reasons which may result in the mobile retaining the connection with the GSM BTS, or it may result in the call being dropped. For example, if the MSC Server fails to create the MG connection, or if the UNC connection is not established, then the MSC Server may abort the handover. If the MSC Server fails to modify the MG connection, then the MSC Server may clear the call (e.g., send a BSSMAP CLEAR-COMMAND message).
  • Figure 9 shows an example of modifying the bearer connection between the MS and the MSC. In the example of Figure 9, a mobile originated or mobile terminated call is in progress and the MSC Call Server determines that the bearer connection has to be modified.
  • a modification of a bearer connection is to apply RTP Redundancy.
  • the RTP session is established and RTP packets are exchanged in both directions.
  • the MSC determines that a modification to the bearer connection is called for and determines what parameters need to be modified. Accordingly, at line B, the MSC prepares a CHANNEL-MODE-MODIFY message, as described above, specifying the parameters that need to be modified and sends this message to the UNC.
  • the UNC constructs a URR-CHANNEL-MODE-MODIFY message based on the request form the MSC and forwards it to the MS.
  • the MS modifies the connection in accordance with the request and responds with an acknowledgment message, URR-CHANNEL-MODE-MODIFY ACKNOWLEDGMENT.
  • the UNC forwards the acknowledgment to the MSC at line E.
  • the MS can reply by sending an acknowledgment that does not include the requested modification to the IE corresponding to RTP redundancy.
  • the call may continue on the original ports, or if these are unavailable then the call may be cleared.
  • the MS and MSC modify the RTP stream associated with this connection and, at line F, the modified RTP packets are now exchanged between the MS and MSC.
  • the call continues at line G using the modified RTP stream.
  • Figure 10 shows an example of providing an indication of the quality of the uplink channel from the MSC to the MS. These operations may be used by the MSC to notify the UNC when the uplink quality associated with a particular bearer connection falls below a predefined threshold or experiences a large change. It may also be used if the uplink quality degrades and is not improved by a channel mode modify procedure as shown in Figure 9.
  • a mobile originated or mobile terminated call is in progress.
  • an RTP session is established and RTP packets are exchanged in both directions.
  • the MSC determines that an uplink quality indication is to be sent. This may occur, for example, because the uplink quality associated with the bearer connection is below a predefined threshold for uplink quality and all attempts to improve the quality have failed.
  • the MSC sends an UPLINK-QUALITY-INDICATION message, such as the one described above, to notify the UNC.
  • the UNC constructs a URR-UPLINK-QUALITY-INDICATION message based on the indication from the MSC and forwards it to the UMA MS.
  • the MS may take any appropriate measure.
  • the MS initiates a handover to a GERAN connection.
  • embodiments of the invention may be applied to other types of telecommunications networks, both wired and wireless, these may include those based on CDMA, TDMA, PCS (Personal Communication Services), PHS (Personal Handyphone System) and other standardized protocols.
  • the protocol architecture diagrams described above are provided as examples only. Many of the layers may be grouped, divided or identified differently to suit a particular application. The components involved in communicating at any particular layer may also be modified to suit a particular application. [00101] It is to be appreciated that a lesser or more equipped UNC, AP, mobile station, private network, and public network than the examples described above may be desirable for certain implementations.
  • the configuration of the UNC, AP, mobile station, private network, and public network may vary with different implementations depending upon numerous factors, such as price constraints, performance requirements, technological improvements, or other circumstances. It is not necessary that the licensed frequencies be used for a portion of the system nor that unlicensed frequencies be used for a portion of the system. It is further not necessary that a portion of the system be private and another portion be public.
  • the various embodiments may also be used with other types of private communications systems and with other types of public telecommunications networks.
  • the various embodiments may be applied to voice networks, data networks and combined networks whether they are circuit switched or packet switched.
  • an embodiment of the present invention relates to a computer storage product with a computer-readable medium having computer code thereon for performing various computer-implemented operations.
  • the media and computer code may be those specially designed and constructed for the purposes of the present invention, or they may be of the kind well known and available to those having skill in the computer software arts.
  • Examples of computer-readable media include, but are not limited to: magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks, and magnetic tape; optical media such as CD-ROMs and holographic devices; magneto-optical media such as optical disks; and hardware devices that are specially configured to store and execute program code, such as application-specific integrated circuits ("ASICs"), programmable logic devices ("PLDs”) and ROM and RAM devices.
  • ASICs application-specific integrated circuits
  • PLDs programmable logic devices
  • Examples of computer code include machine code, such as produced by a compiler, and files containing higher-level code that are executed by a computer using an interpreter.
  • an embodiment of the invention may be implemented using Java, C++, or other object-oriented programming language and development tools.
  • Another embodiment of the invention may be implemented in hardwired circuitry in place of, or in combination with, machine-executable software instructions.

Abstract

La signalisation du trafic et des types de support dans un systEme de commutation de rEseau de tElEcommunication est dEcrit. L'invention comprend la rEception d'un message de requEte d'affectation depuis un commutateur logiciel d'une rEseau de tElEcommunication, le message de requEte d'affectation comprenant une description d'une connexion support entre un abonnE et le rEseau de tElEcommunication, envoyant une requEte d'activation de canal A l'abonnE, la requEte d'activation de canal comprenant au moins une partie de la description de la connexion support entre l'abonnE et le rEseau de tElEcommunication, recevant des informations de connexion sur un canal activE par l'abonnE en rEponse A la requEte d'activation de canal, et envoyant des informations de connexion au commutateur logiciel pour permettre au commutateur logiciel de modifier la connexion support.
PCT/US2005/013945 2004-04-21 2005-04-21 Une methode et un systeme pour signaler le trafic et les types de support dans un systeme de commutation de reseau de telecommunication WO2005107297A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

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US56456604P 2004-04-21 2004-04-21
US60/564,566 2004-04-21
US11/013,883 US7640008B2 (en) 2002-10-18 2004-12-15 Apparatus and method for extending the coverage area of a licensed wireless communication system using an unlicensed wireless communication system
US11/013,883 2004-12-15
US65131205P 2005-02-09 2005-02-09
US60/651,312 2005-02-09
US11/110,222 2005-04-20
US11/110,222 US7957348B1 (en) 2004-04-21 2005-04-20 Method and system for signaling traffic and media types within a communications network switching system

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US7746825B2 (en) 2005-05-16 2010-06-29 Interdigital Technology Corporation Method and system for integrating media independent handovers
US7843900B2 (en) 2005-08-10 2010-11-30 Kineto Wireless, Inc. Mechanisms to extend UMA or GAN to inter-work with UMTS core network
US7974270B2 (en) 2005-09-09 2011-07-05 Kineto Wireless, Inc. Media route optimization in network communications
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WO2008013970A3 (fr) * 2006-07-28 2008-03-27 Gct Semiconductor Inc Procédé de réalisation de transfert depuis un service wibro (wimax) vers un service et un terminal de réseau local sans fil, et terminal correspondant

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