WO2005106151A1 - Load bearing unit and structure - Google Patents

Load bearing unit and structure Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005106151A1
WO2005106151A1 PCT/GB2005/001664 GB2005001664W WO2005106151A1 WO 2005106151 A1 WO2005106151 A1 WO 2005106151A1 GB 2005001664 W GB2005001664 W GB 2005001664W WO 2005106151 A1 WO2005106151 A1 WO 2005106151A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
load bearing
floor
column
bearing unit
section
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2005/001664
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter Sully
Original Assignee
Peter Sully
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Peter Sully filed Critical Peter Sully
Publication of WO2005106151A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005106151A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/12—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with wooden beams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/04—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/10—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with metal beams or girders, e.g. with steel lattice girders

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a load bearing unit and structure.
  • a location providing a working volume bounded by a lower boundary, say a floor, and an upper boundary, say a floor or roof there can arise a need for an intermediate floor to be provided in the working volume.
  • an intermediate floor often termed a mezzanine floor, enables available floor area within a given working volume to be nearly doubled without requiring major alterations to the structure.
  • an intermediate floor structure in which columns are used to support beams upon which the intermediate floor is mounted.
  • the columns are typically positioned at intervals along the beam they support.
  • a load bearing unit in the form of a floor of contiguously juxtaposed modular units such as lengths of wood, metal or concrete the floor having an upper surface and a lower surface characterised by a membrane laid over the upper surface of the floor and bonded or other wise attached to most if not all of the upper surfaces of the units.
  • the load bearing unit is characterised by a membrane laid over the lower surface of the floor and bonded or other wise attached to upper surfaces of the units.
  • the load bearing unit is characterised by a membrane laid over the upper surface and bonded or other wise attached to the units and a further membrane laid over the lower surface of the floor and bonded or other wise attached to the upper surfaces of the units.
  • a load bearing structure including a load bearing unit according to the first aspect or any preferred version thereof wherein the load bearing unit is supported on a beam which beam is in turn supported by at least one column of non-circular cross section; the or each beam having a longitudinal axis; the end of the column supporting the beam a cross section with a major axis extending through the longest cross section of the end of the column; the column being positioned so that while supporting the beam the major axis lies at a working angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the beam which it supports.
  • the load bearing unit is supported by at least two modules; each module comprising a beam with two supporting columns as aforesaid; the two columns in the module having their major axis lying at a working angle to relative to the longitudinal axis of the beam.
  • the load bearing unit is supported on two or more of the beams and each beam is in turn supported by at least two or more of the columns the working angle of each column lying at a working angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the beam which it supports.
  • the working angle of a given column differs from at least some of the working angles of the remaining columns in the structure.
  • a load bearing assembly comprising at least two load bearing structures according to the second aspect or any preferred version thereof.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of a load bearing unit
  • Figure 1A is a section on IA-IA of Figure 1;
  • Figure 2 is an end view of the unit of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3A is an end view of an alternative version of a load bearing unit in a first configuration
  • Figure 3B is an end view of an alternative version of a load bearing unit in a second configuration
  • Figure 4 view is a diagrammatic plan view
  • Figure 5 is an elevation on section IV - IV of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a detail of part of plan view of Figure 4.
  • FIGs 1 and 2 variously show a load bearing unit in the form of a floor 11 made up of a series of side abutting floor modules 12 - 17 each being of metal. In alternative versions the modules can be other materials such as wood or concrete.
  • Figure 1A shows the location of floor module 14 ends within I beams II, 12 forming the sides of the floor 11.
  • a first diaphragm 18 is laid on upper side 11A of the floor and is secured to the upper side by a layer of adhesive to ensure that the diaphragm 18 adheres to the whole upper side 11 A.
  • the diaphragm 18 also serves to protect the floor 11 against surface wear and contamination.
  • the floor 11 has an underside 11B which is provided with a second diaphragm 20 attached over the whole area of underside 11B which acts as a stiffening and load distributing means comparable with the first diaphragm 18.
  • the second diaphragm 20 is of a material serving as fire cladding and also incorporates a decorative ceiling for a part of the workspace beneath the floor.
  • FIGs 3A and 3B show an alternative version of a floor 31.
  • a diaphragm 30 is not laid directly on underside 31B of floor 31 but onto undersides of a series of C- section beams, typically beams CI, C2, whose upper sides are secured to the underside 31B of each individual floor module.
  • the beams CI, C2 serve to stiffen the floor 31 and provide for increased unit loading. If the diaphragm 30 was not provided then, under loading, the floor 31 would tend to sag and the beams CI, C2 behave as shown in Figure 3B showing the lower part of each C-section beam CI, C2 deflecting apart away from one another.
  • diaphragm 30 as shown in Figure 3A the C-section beams are retained against movement so contributing to an overall stiffening of the floor 31.
  • the gap between the beams CI, C2 can be used for piped or cabled services.
  • Figures 4 to 6 variously show a mezzanine floor structure 11 for load bearing made up of columns 12 - 15, girder beams 16, 17 and a floor 18 corresponding to that described in connection with Figures 1 and 2.
  • the beams 16, 17 have, respectively, longitudinal axis 16A, 17A.
  • Access to the upper side of floor 18 from a level beneath the structure 11 is by way of a staircase 20.
  • the floor 18 serves as a load bearing means and can be used for a variety of purposes including, but not limited to, goods or record storage, offices, operational equipment. Services are readily provided to the floor area fro example by way of the columns
  • Figure 5 shows end 12A of column 12 supporting beam 16.
  • the end 12A is square in plan view and is bolted to the beam 16.
  • Figure 6 shows the end 12A positioned so that diagonal axis 21 of end 12A lies at a working angle A relative to longitudinal axis 16A of beam 16.
  • the column 12 is disposed in the form of a diamond beneath the beam 16 with the sides of the end 12A at an angle to the beam 16 rather than as a square with an opposite pair of sides parallel to the edges of the beam. It has been found that in this way the column 12 provides for enhanced stability of the structure 11 by comparison with existing structures.
  • the working angle is shown as about ninety degrees. However even a small working angle A appears to provide an improvement over the situation where the axis 21 is co-axial with longitudinal axis 16A of beam 16.
  • the beams 16, 17 are of conventional I-beam section.
  • the invention can accommodate beams of other cross section such a box section or C-section beams.
  • the columns 12 - 15 are square in section in each case with a diagonal of the square set at a working angle to the longitudinal axis 16A, 17A of, respectively, beams 16, 17. It has been found that by varying the working angle of a given column from the most, if not all, of the remaining working angles of the remaining columns that a substantial improvement is achieved in the stiffness of the whole structure.
  • the columns do not need to have a rectilinear section but can have, for example, an elliptical or other curved form or a profile made up of a combination of straight and curved sections.
  • the column in each case is assumed to be of uniform cross section throughout. However a column could also be used where the cross section varies along its length as long as at least the end of the column secured to its beam does conform to the requirements outlined earlier.
  • the present invention provides for a structure comprising a load bearing surface supported on beams by means of columns.
  • the exemplary embodiment demonstrates the invention in relation to a structure for incorporation into an existing building. If required the invention can be embodied in a load bearing assembly or building where two or more of the structures of the type described can be incorporated to function either as a separate entity or in combination with other structural elements. Thus a sequence of such structures could be formed into an assembly whether linked vertically or laterally relative to one another or including a combination of vertical and horizontal structures.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)

Abstract

A load bearing unit takes the form of a floor of contiguously juxtaposed modular units such as lengths of wood, metal or concrete the floor having an upper surface and a lower surface characterised by a membrane laid over the upper and or lower surface of the floor and bonded or other wise attached to the units. A load bearing structure includes a load bearing unit as aforesaid supported on a beam which beam is in turn supported by at least one column of non circular cross section; the or each beam having a longitudinal axis; the end of the column supporting the beam having a cross section with a major axis extending through the longest cross section of the end of the column; the column being positioned so that while supporting the beam the major axis lies at a working angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the beam which it supports. The invention further comprises at least two load-bearing structures as aforesaid linked to one another.

Description

LOAD BEARING UNIT AND STRUCTURE
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to a load bearing unit and structure. In a location providing a working volume bounded by a lower boundary, say a floor, and an upper boundary, say a floor or roof, there can arise a need for an intermediate floor to be provided in the working volume. Typically an intermediate floor, often termed a mezzanine floor, enables available floor area within a given working volume to be nearly doubled without requiring major alterations to the structure.
For this purpose an intermediate floor structure can be provided in which columns are used to support beams upon which the intermediate floor is mounted. The columns are typically positioned at intervals along the beam they support.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a load bearing unit in the form of a floor of contiguously juxtaposed modular units such as lengths of wood, metal or concrete the floor having an upper surface and a lower surface characterised by a membrane laid over the upper surface of the floor and bonded or other wise attached to most if not all of the upper surfaces of the units.
According to a first preferred version of the first aspect of the present invention the load bearing unit is characterised by a membrane laid over the lower surface of the floor and bonded or other wise attached to upper surfaces of the units.
According to a second preferred version of the first aspect of the present invention the load bearing unit is characterised by a membrane laid over the upper surface and bonded or other wise attached to the units and a further membrane laid over the lower surface of the floor and bonded or other wise attached to the upper surfaces of the units.
According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a load bearing structure including a load bearing unit according to the first aspect or any preferred version thereof wherein the load bearing unit is supported on a beam which beam is in turn supported by at least one column of non-circular cross section; the or each beam having a longitudinal axis; the end of the column supporting the beam
Figure imgf000004_0001
a cross section with a major axis extending through the longest cross section of the end of the column; the column being positioned so that while supporting the beam the major axis lies at a working angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the beam which it supports.
According to a first preferred version of the second aspect of the present invention the load bearing unit is supported by at least two modules; each module comprising a beam with two supporting columns as aforesaid; the two columns in the module having their major axis lying at a working angle to relative to the longitudinal axis of the beam.
According to a second preferred version of the second aspect of the present invention the load bearing unit is supported on two or more of the beams and each beam is in turn supported by at least two or more of the columns the working angle of each column lying at a working angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the beam which it supports.
According to a third preferred version of the second aspect of the present invention the working angle of a given column differs from at least some of the working angles of the remaining columns in the structure. According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided a load bearing assembly comprising at least two load bearing structures according to the second aspect or any preferred version thereof.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
An exemplary embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing of which:
Figure 1 is a plan view of a load bearing unit;
Figure 1A is a section on IA-IA of Figure 1;
Figure 2 is an end view of the unit of Figure 1;
Figure 3A is an end view of an alternative version of a load bearing unit in a first configuration;
Figure 3B is an end view of an alternative version of a load bearing unit in a second configuration;
Figure 4 view is a diagrammatic plan view;
Figure 5 is an elevation on section IV - IV of Figure 4; and
Figure 6 is a detail of part of plan view of Figure 4.
MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Figures 1 and 2 variously show a load bearing unit in the form of a floor 11 made up of a series of side abutting floor modules 12 - 17 each being of metal. In alternative versions the modules can be other materials such as wood or concrete. Figure 1A shows the location of floor module 14 ends within I beams II, 12 forming the sides of the floor 11.
Having juxtaposed the modules 12 - 17 making up the floor 11 and housed them in I- beams II, 12 a first diaphragm 18 is laid on upper side 11A of the floor and is secured to the upper side by a layer of adhesive to ensure that the diaphragm 18 adheres to the whole upper side 11 A. In this way the combination of the floor 11 and the diaphragm 18 becomes an integral unit providing for loading of the floor to be transferred over a wider area and serving to resist sagging of the floor than would be possible for a floor composed with individual modules without the diaphragm. 18. The diaphragm 18 also serves to protect the floor 11 against surface wear and contamination.
The floor 11 has an underside 11B which is provided with a second diaphragm 20 attached over the whole area of underside 11B which acts as a stiffening and load distributing means comparable with the first diaphragm 18. In this case the second diaphragm 20 is of a material serving as fire cladding and also incorporates a decorative ceiling for a part of the workspace beneath the floor.
Figures 3A and 3B show an alternative version of a floor 31. In this case a diaphragm 30 is not laid directly on underside 31B of floor 31 but onto undersides of a series of C- section beams, typically beams CI, C2, whose upper sides are secured to the underside 31B of each individual floor module. The beams CI, C2 serve to stiffen the floor 31 and provide for increased unit loading. If the diaphragm 30 was not provided then, under loading, the floor 31 would tend to sag and the beams CI, C2 behave as shown in Figure 3B showing the lower part of each C-section beam CI, C2 deflecting apart away from one another. By applying diaphragm 30 as shown in Figure 3A the C-section beams are retained against movement so contributing to an overall stiffening of the floor 31. The gap between the beams CI, C2 can be used for piped or cabled services.
Figures 4 to 6 variously show a mezzanine floor structure 11 for load bearing made up of columns 12 - 15, girder beams 16, 17 and a floor 18 corresponding to that described in connection with Figures 1 and 2. The beams 16, 17 have, respectively, longitudinal axis 16A, 17A. Access to the upper side of floor 18 from a level beneath the structure 11 is by way of a staircase 20.
The floor 18 serves as a load bearing means and can be used for a variety of purposes including, but not limited to, goods or record storage, offices, operational equipment. Services are readily provided to the floor area fro example by way of the columns
Figure 5 shows end 12A of column 12 supporting beam 16. The end 12A is square in plan view and is bolted to the beam 16.
Figure 6 shows the end 12A positioned so that diagonal axis 21 of end 12A lies at a working angle A relative to longitudinal axis 16A of beam 16. In this way the column 12 is disposed in the form of a diamond beneath the beam 16 with the sides of the end 12A at an angle to the beam 16 rather than as a square with an opposite pair of sides parallel to the edges of the beam. It has been found that in this way the column 12 provides for enhanced stability of the structure 11 by comparison with existing structures. In this Figure the working angle is shown as about ninety degrees. However even a small working angle A appears to provide an improvement over the situation where the axis 21 is co-axial with longitudinal axis 16A of beam 16.
In the exemplary embodiment the beams 16, 17 are of conventional I-beam section. However the invention can accommodate beams of other cross section such a box section or C-section beams.
In the exemplary embodiment the columns 12 - 15 are square in section in each case with a diagonal of the square set at a working angle to the longitudinal axis 16A, 17A of, respectively, beams 16, 17. It has been found that by varying the working angle of a given column from the most, if not all, of the remaining working angles of the remaining columns that a substantial improvement is achieved in the stiffness of the whole structure. In addition the columns do not need to have a rectilinear section but can have, for example, an elliptical or other curved form or a profile made up of a combination of straight and curved sections.
In the exemplary embodiment the column in each case is assumed to be of uniform cross section throughout. However a column could also be used where the cross section varies along its length as long as at least the end of the column secured to its beam does conform to the requirements outlined earlier.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
Basically the present invention provides for a structure comprising a load bearing surface supported on beams by means of columns. The exemplary embodiment demonstrates the invention in relation to a structure for incorporation into an existing building. If required the invention can be embodied in a load bearing assembly or building where two or more of the structures of the type described can be incorporated to function either as a separate entity or in combination with other structural elements. Thus a sequence of such structures could be formed into an assembly whether linked vertically or laterally relative to one another or including a combination of vertical and horizontal structures.

Claims

A load bearing unit in the form of a floor of contiguously juxtaposed modular units such as lengths of wood, metal or concrete the floor having an upper surface and a lower surface characterised by a membrane laid over the upper surface of the floor and bonded or other wise attached to most if not all of the upper surfaces of the units.
A load bearing unit in the form of a floor of contiguously juxtaposed modular units such as lengths of wood, metal or concrete the floor having an upper surface and a lower surface characterised by a membrane laid over the lower surface of the floor and bonded or other wise attached to most if not all upper surfaces of the units.
A load bearing unit as claimed in Claim 1 characterised by a membrane laid over both the upper surface and bonded or other wise attached to the units and a further membrane laid over the lower surface of the floor and bonded or other wise attached to most if not all of the upper surfaces of the units.
A load bearing structure including a load bearing unit in the form of a floor as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the load bearing unit is supported on a beam which beam is in turn supported by at least one column of non-circular cross section; the or each beam having a longitudinal axis; the end of the column supporting the beam having a cross section with a major axis extending through the longest cross section of the end of the column; the column being positioned so that while supporting the beam the major axis lies at a working angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the beam which it supports. A load bearing structure as claimed in Claim 4 wherein the load bearing unit is supported by at least two modules; each module comprising a beam with two supporting columns as aforesaid; the two columns in the module having their major axis lying at a working angle to relative to the longitudinal axis of the beam.
A load bearing structure as claimed in Claim 4 wherein the load bearing unit is supported on two or more of the beams and each beam is in turn supported by at least two or more of the columns the working angle of each column lying at a working angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the beam which it supports.
A load bearing structure as claimed in Claim 4 wherein the working angle of a given column differs from at least some of the working angles of the remaining columns in the structure.
A load bearing assembly comprising at least two load bearing structures as claimed in any preceding claim linked to one another.
PCT/GB2005/001664 2004-04-30 2005-05-03 Load bearing unit and structure WO2005106151A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0409605A GB2413572A (en) 2004-04-30 2004-04-30 Load bearing unit
GB0409605.3 2004-04-30

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WO2005106151A1 true WO2005106151A1 (en) 2005-11-10

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2460486A (en) * 2006-12-20 2009-12-09 Peter Sully Load bearing unit

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BE625638A (en) *
GB536469A (en) * 1940-01-09 1941-05-15 Walter Richard Potter Improvements relating to asbestos panels
DE827109C (en) * 1947-10-16 1952-01-07 August Jockers Ceilings, especially for wooden buildings
FR2439276A1 (en) * 1978-10-18 1980-05-16 Baradel & Co Cellular lightweight floor construction - uses two inverted rows of hollow triangular section beams with secondary row beams in troughs between primary rows
US4748781A (en) * 1986-10-22 1988-06-07 Foamseal, Inc. Method of bonding structural support channels to a panel and structural building module formed
US5552095A (en) * 1993-02-05 1996-09-03 Foamseal, Inc. Method of forming structural panel assemblies using a vacuum plate
DE29811708U1 (en) * 1998-07-01 1998-09-24 Vielstaedte Theo Timber frame construction element for prefabricated houses
US20010039777A1 (en) * 1998-10-08 2001-11-15 Meho Karalic Building components and method of making same
US20030051420A1 (en) * 2001-07-11 2003-03-20 Leon Richard Joseph Unitized, pre-fabricated raised access floor arrangement, installation and leveling method, and automatized leveling tool
DE10247693A1 (en) * 2002-10-12 2003-05-08 Jouri Selski Twin-shelled sound-absorbing intermediate ceiling for building apartments comprises ceiling elements pre-fabricated or made on site and joined by mortar joints
US20040065028A1 (en) * 2002-10-07 2004-04-08 Wu Chin Feng Storage box adapted to elevated flooring

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JP2998067B2 (en) * 1995-12-27 2000-01-11 宏泰 吉澤 Lightweight construction method of steel plate building floor and its steel plate building floor
WO1998023824A1 (en) * 1996-11-28 1998-06-04 Brungraber Robert L Serviceable open floor system
ES2161199B1 (en) * 2000-05-16 2002-07-01 Sanchez Jaime Enrique Jimenez MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE OF LIGHTWEIGHT ALVEOLAR PLATE MATERIALIZED IN WORK, PLATE AS WELL OBTAINED AND ITS APPLICATION IN HOUSING.
JP3895101B2 (en) * 2000-09-28 2007-03-22 大和ハウス工業株式会社 Floor structure that reduces impact noise

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE625638A (en) *
GB536469A (en) * 1940-01-09 1941-05-15 Walter Richard Potter Improvements relating to asbestos panels
DE827109C (en) * 1947-10-16 1952-01-07 August Jockers Ceilings, especially for wooden buildings
FR2439276A1 (en) * 1978-10-18 1980-05-16 Baradel & Co Cellular lightweight floor construction - uses two inverted rows of hollow triangular section beams with secondary row beams in troughs between primary rows
US4748781A (en) * 1986-10-22 1988-06-07 Foamseal, Inc. Method of bonding structural support channels to a panel and structural building module formed
US5552095A (en) * 1993-02-05 1996-09-03 Foamseal, Inc. Method of forming structural panel assemblies using a vacuum plate
DE29811708U1 (en) * 1998-07-01 1998-09-24 Vielstaedte Theo Timber frame construction element for prefabricated houses
US20010039777A1 (en) * 1998-10-08 2001-11-15 Meho Karalic Building components and method of making same
US20030051420A1 (en) * 2001-07-11 2003-03-20 Leon Richard Joseph Unitized, pre-fabricated raised access floor arrangement, installation and leveling method, and automatized leveling tool
US20040065028A1 (en) * 2002-10-07 2004-04-08 Wu Chin Feng Storage box adapted to elevated flooring
DE10247693A1 (en) * 2002-10-12 2003-05-08 Jouri Selski Twin-shelled sound-absorbing intermediate ceiling for building apartments comprises ceiling elements pre-fabricated or made on site and joined by mortar joints

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GB0409605D0 (en) 2004-06-02

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