WO2005105314A1 - Procede et appareil pour commander la separation de materiaux - Google Patents

Procede et appareil pour commander la separation de materiaux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005105314A1
WO2005105314A1 PCT/GB2005/001708 GB2005001708W WO2005105314A1 WO 2005105314 A1 WO2005105314 A1 WO 2005105314A1 GB 2005001708 W GB2005001708 W GB 2005001708W WO 2005105314 A1 WO2005105314 A1 WO 2005105314A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mixture
components
magnetic
magnetic fluid
separation
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Application number
PCT/GB2005/001708
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English (en)
Inventor
Peter John King
Aled Trefor Catherall
Original Assignee
The University Of Nottingham
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2005105314A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005105314A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/32—Magnetic separation acting on the medium containing the substance being separated, e.g. magneto-gravimetric-, magnetohydrostatic-, or magnetohydrodynamic separation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/28—Magnetic plugs and dipsticks
    • B03C1/288—Magnetic plugs and dipsticks disposed at the outer circumference of a recipient

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for controlling materials separation. In particular, but not exclusively, it relates to the control of separation of materials from a mixed granular state using inhomogeneous magnetic fields.
  • Embodiments of the present invention could have applications in mineral separation technology, and the recovery of precious metals.
  • Prior art describing the separation of feebly magnetic or non-magnetic particles include flotation in a magnetic liquid through the magneto-Archimedes effect (A.T.Catherall, L.Eaves, P.J.King, S.R.Booth, Nature, vol. 422, p 529, 2003, and EP 1181 982 Al).
  • particles are floated in a paramagnetic fluid within an inhomogeneous magnetic field where the particles separate mainly due to differences in their densities.
  • the paramagnetic liquid provides additional magnetic buoyancy to aid flotation/levitation. This phenomenon is known as the magneto-Archimedes effect.
  • Prior art includes using ferrofluids as the magnetic medium (U.S. Patent 3,531,413).
  • Ferrofluids are expensive, are difficult to separate from the particulates and to recover, and can be polluting if released into the environment. Their relatively high viscosity slows the separation process.
  • the use of ferrofluids for Magneto- Archimedean separation has therefore a number of disadvantages.
  • Prior art also includes the use of magnetic fluids consisting of paramagnetic salts such as manganese chloride dissolved in water or other liquids (EP 1 181 982 Al).
  • the disadvantages of utilising these magnetic fluids are the relatively low paramagnetic susceptibility that can be achieved, limiting the effectiveness of the magneto- Archimedes buoyancy, and they tend to be corrosive and reactive.
  • a method of controlling the separation of a mixture into its components, at least one of the components of the mixture being magnetisable comprising: applying a magnetic field with a vertical component to the mixture wherein the vertical component has a gradient in the vertical direction; and vibrating the mixture.
  • the control of the separation may be control that increases the separation of the mixture or control that acts to prevent separation of the mixture.
  • the mixture will comprise components that are in granular form.
  • the magnetic field is substantially vertical and the magnetic field gradient is substantially in the vertical direction.
  • vertical is the direction along which gravity acts.
  • the magnetic field may have a positive vertical direction (i.e. acts upwards, "+z") or may have a negative vertical direction (i.e. acts downwards, "-z"), according to whether the components of the mixture to be separated/to be inhibited from separation are paramagnetic or are diamagnetic and/or according to the density of the material comprising each component.
  • the mixture may be, for example, a binary mixture comprising two diamagnetic components, wherein one of the components has a higher magnetic susceptibility than the other component. It will be appreciated that the mixture may comprise two or more components with each component having a different value of the ratio of magnetic susceptibility to density. This may be achieved by the components having different values of magnetic susceptibility and/or density.
  • the mixture may comprise a component that is not magnetic.
  • the mixture may be, for example, a mixture comprising two paramagnetic components, wherein one of the components has a different value of the ratio of magnetic susceptibility to density than the other component. It will be appreciated that the mixture may comprise two or more components with each component having a different value of the ratio of magnetic susceptibility to density. The mixture may comprise a component that is not magnetic.
  • the mixture may contain both paramagnetic and diamagnetic components.
  • the mathematical product of the magnetic field and the magnetic field gradient may be chosen to achieve effective gravities for each of the components of the mixture so as to cause at least a degree of separation of the components.
  • the product of the magnetic field and the magnetic field gradient may be chosen to achieve effective gravities for each of the components of the mixture so as to inhibit separation of the components.
  • the vibration has a vertical component and preferably the vibration is substantially in the vertical direction.
  • vibration The application of both vibration and an inhomogeneous magnetic field to the mixture enables separation to occur at much lower magnetic fluxes than would be needed if the inhomogeneous magnetic field alone was applied to the mixture.
  • the vibration also helps overcome cohesive forces caused by dipole-dipole interactions found in fine grains and at high magnetic fields.
  • the amplitude of the vertical component of the vibration is comparable to the average grain size of the component that has the largest grain size.
  • the vibration is a sinusoidal vibration.
  • An embodiment of the invention comprises introducing a magnetic fluid to the mixture.
  • the magnetic fluid may be a solution of one or more paramagnetic salts. Such solutions may be aqueous or use other solvents.
  • the magnetic fluid comprises liquid oxygen.
  • Liquid oxygen has been found to be sufficiently paramagnetic for separation to occur in fairly modest magnetic fields for most materials. Liquid oxygen has a low viscosity that increases the speed of the separation process compared to other, more viscous, magnetic fluids.
  • the magnetic fluid may be substantially pure liquid oxygen.
  • the magnetic fluid is substantially a mixture of liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen. Pure liquid oxygen may however be undesirable due to its combustion enhancement.
  • a mixture of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen may be used, in particular, a mixture in which the oxygen component is 30% or lower (by volume).
  • Whether pure oxygen is used, or a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen with a particular proportion of oxygen, may depend on the environment within which the method is being performed. For example if the environment has potential ignition sources then a low proportion of liquid oxygen may be used, otherwise to achieve greater magnetic flotation, in a more controlled/secure environment, a higher proportion of oxygen may be used in the mixture or, indeed, pure oxygen may be used.
  • Liquid oxygen and oxygen doped liquid nitrogen are commercially favourable over traditional ferrofluids since they are relatively cheap to produce and easy to recover. Liquid oxygen and oxygen doped liquid nitrogen are also non-polluting and the environmental impact of their disposal is not an issue as may be the case for conventional magnetic fluids.
  • a second aspect of the invention provides a method of controlling the separation of a mixture into its components, at least one of the components of the mixture being magnetisable, comprising: introducing a magnetic fluid to the mixture, the magnetic fluid comprising liquid oxygen; applying a magnetic field with a vertical component to the mixture wherein the vertical component has a gradient in the vertical direction the components of the mixture experience buoyancy in the magnetic fluid.
  • the use of a magnetic fluid that comprises liquid oxygen greatly enhances separation of the components of a mixture.
  • a third aspect of the invention provides an apparatus for controlling the separation of a mixture into its components, at least one of the components of the mixture being magnetisable, comprising: a magnet arranged to apply a magnetic field with a vertical component to the mixture wherein the vertical component has a gradient in the vertical direction; and a vibrator arranged to vibrate the mixture.
  • the magnet may be comprised of one or more electromagnets, one or more permanent magnets or a combination of electromagnets and permanent magnets.
  • the apparatus may comprise a vessel for containment of the mixture.
  • the apparatus may comprise a seal to seal the vessel.
  • the vessel may be sealed once the mixture and a magnetic fluid have been entered into the vessel.
  • the apparatus may comprise a conduit connected to the vessel adapted for the introduction of a magnetic fluid into the vessel.
  • the apparatus may comprise a reservoir for containment of the magnetic fluid which is in fluid connection with the vessel via the conduit.
  • the apparatus may also comprise a conduit for the introduction of the mixture into the vessel and/or one or more conduits for the removal from the vessel of components separated from the mixture.
  • the apparatus may comprise a vacuum pump and a conduit to connect the pump to the vessel so that the vessel may be evacuated of gas.
  • the apparatus would be used to separate a dry mixture, i.e. in the absence of a magnetic fluid.
  • the apparatus may have both a conduit to evacuate gas and a conduit for the introduction of a magnetic fluid.
  • the apparatus may be configured to use either one or the other conduit according to which embodiment of the invention is being implemented.
  • the same conduit may be used for both the introduction of the mixture and the introduction of a magnetic fluid into the vessel.
  • the introduction of the mixture and the introduction of a magnetic fluid may occur at different times.
  • a fourth aspect of the invention provides an apparatus for controlling the separation of a mixture into its components, at least one of the components of the mixture being magnetisable, comprising: a vessel adapted to contain the mixture and a magnetic fluid, the magnetic fluid comprising liquid oxygen; and a magnet arranged to apply a magnetic field with a vertical component to the mixture wherein the vertical component has a gradient in the vertical direction.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provides a method and apparatus for the separation of weakly magnetic or non-magnetic particles from a binary or multi-component mixture without necessarily requiring full magnetic levitation or flotation of any of the components.
  • Embodiments of the present invention involve the application of a large inhomogeneous magnetic field and vibration during the separation of paramagnetic and/or diamagnetic particulate mixtures. These methods offer efficient separation and greatly reduced magnetic field requirements.
  • Embodiments of the invention may be used to provide a method for the dry separation of materials through vibration in an inhomogeneous magnetic field.
  • a magnetic fluid may be used to provide magneto-Archimedean buoyancy to aid the separation process.
  • a further embodiment uses full flotation within a magnetic fluid with or without vibration.
  • Figure 1 schematically illustrates an apparatus for the control of the separation of a mixture
  • Figure 2a shows a mixture of bismuth and bronze particles in air before vibration is applied to the mixture
  • Figure 2b shows the degree of separation of a mixture of bismuth and bronze particles in air after 5 seconds of vibration in an inhomogeneous magnetic field
  • Figure 2c shows the degree of separation of a mixture of bismuth and bronze particles in air after 20 seconds of vibration in an inhomogeneous magnetic field
  • Figure 2d shows the degree of separation of a mixture of bismuth and bronze particles in air after 30 seconds of vibration in an inhomogeneous magnetic field
  • Figure 3a shows the a mixture of bismuth and bronze particles in vacuum conditions before vibration is applied to the mixture
  • Figure 3b shows the degree of separation of a mixture of bismuth and bronze particles in vacuum conditions after 5 seconds of vibration in an inhomogeneous magnetic field
  • Figure 3c shows the degree of separation of a mixture of bismuth and bronze particles in vacuum conditions after 20 seconds of vibration in an inhomogeneous magnetic field
  • Figure 3d shows the degree of separation of a mixture of bismuth and bronze particles in vacuum conditions after 30 seconds of vibration in an inhomogeneous magnetic field
  • Figure 4 shows the separation of a number of dense materials in liquid oxygen
  • Figure 5a shows a mixture of bismuth and bronze particles in air after 10 min of vibration and with zero magnetic field applied to the mixture
  • a method for the dry separation of feebly magnetic particles from a granular mixture comprising the steps: a) Introducing the mixture into a vessel until it is part or fully filled.
  • the vessel contains a gas such as air.
  • the vessel may be sealed and evacuated.
  • ⁇ 0 is the permeability of free space
  • N is the volume of the grain. This force acts in concert with that due to gravity.
  • S an effective gravitational acceleration
  • p is the material's density
  • g is the acceleration due to Earth's gravity ( -9.81 ms "2 ).
  • Diamagnetic materials have a negative magnetic susceptibility. Their effective gravity will therefore be reduced in a negative magnetic field gradient. Providing the field-field gradient product is sufficient, the effective gravity of a diamagnetic particle may be reduced to zero, and the particle levitated.
  • Paramagnetic materials have positive magnetic susceptibilities. Their effective gravity can be reduced in a positive magnetic field gradient.
  • the components of the mixture have differing values of ⁇ /p, then they will experience different effective gravitational acceleration, ⁇ , when placed in a vertical inhomogeneous magnetic field, even in cases where their densities and sizes are identical.
  • ⁇ effective gravitational acceleration
  • the grains experiencing a lower effective gravity will have a higher value of T . If unimpeded by their neighbours in flight, they will be thrown higher than the grains with the greater effective gravity, and will land upon them. In practice the grains will impede each other; nevertheless, over a number of cycles of vibration separation may be obtained .
  • a negative field gradient will be employed for a mixture containing diamagnetic components only.
  • a positive field gradient is preferred for a mixture containing a paramagnetic component.
  • T for the grains with the greatest effective gravity slightly exceeds unity (1.2-2.0), and T for the grains with the lowest effective gravity is less than 5. It is preferable that the amplitude of vibration exceeds the average grain diameter of the largest component in the mixture.
  • the principle underlying this embodiment of the invention is that particles are separated due to differences in their effective gravity in an inhomogeneous magnetic field.
  • the differences in effective gravity depend upon differences in the ratio ⁇ /p for the materials. Under vibration those components experiencing a lower effective gravity will fly higher and the granular mixture will be sorted by the different effective gravities.
  • the magnetic field used is far less than the field required to levitate the particles than if the magnetic was field was used in isolation to the vibration. If the magnetic field was large enough to levitate one granular component then some sorting would take place without vibration, but the separation may not be complete, some of the grains being trapped in a body of grains of a different sort.
  • Figure 1 illustrates an apparatus for applying vibration and an inhomogeneous magnetic field to a mixture 10.
  • the mixture 10 generally comprises two or more components with each component being in granular form.
  • a magnetic field is generated by a magnet 14 such that a magnetic field (B) is applied to the mixture 10 in a vertical direction.
  • the magnetic field has a gradient in the vertical direction dB/dz and the magnet 14 can be configured so the product of the magnetic field and the magnetic field gradient (BdB/dz) is either positive or negative.
  • the magnet 14 will generally be an electromagnet however it may also be formed from one or more permanent magnets or a combination of electromagnets and permanent magnets.
  • the mixture 10 is shown in a container 12 that is supported inside the bore of the magnet 14 that is orientated vertically.
  • the required magnetic field may be applied to the mixture 10 using apparatus with a different layout than that shown in Figure 1.
  • the geometry of the magnet 14 may take different forms.
  • the mixture 10 may be supported on a conveyor belt so that the separation process can be achieved in a continuous manner.
  • Vibration is applied to the mixture using a vibrator 16.
  • An accelerometer 20 is provided to measure the magnitude and frequency of the vibration produced by the vibrator 16.
  • the vibrating means 16 may be, for example, a loudspeaker or electromechanical transducer.
  • the vibrator 16 may also be (particularly in industrial applications) mechanically driven, pneumatically driven or hydraulically driven. Generally, the vibrator 16 vibrates the mixture in a vertical direction.
  • the vibrator 16 is preferably operated in the range 5-100 Hz.
  • a method for the separation of feebly magnetic particles from a granular mixture using a magnetic fluid comprising the following steps: a) introducing the magnetic fluid to the vessel; b) introducing a granular mixture to the vessel; c) introducing a vertical magnetic field and field gradient to the vessel; and d) vibrating the vessel vertically for several cycles until desired level of separation is achieved
  • the step of introducing the magnetic fluid into the vessel may occur before, after or simultaneously with the step of introducing the granular mixture to the vessel.
  • the step of vibrating the vessel occurs simultaneously with the step of applying a large vertical magnetic field and field gradient to the mixture.
  • the buoyancy force experienced by a material immersed in a magnetic fluid may be varied by applying an inhomogeneous magnetic field - the Magneto-Archimedes effect.
  • the total force on a particle inside a fluid subject to an inhomogeneous vertical magnetic field is given by
  • pi and ⁇ i are the density and susceptibility of the particles
  • p 2 and ⁇ 2 are the density and susceptibility of the fluid respectively.
  • the susceptibility of the magnetic fluid is far greater than that of any of the components in the mixture, therefore the separation process is determined by differences in the density of the particles. Different granular components will experience different upward buoyancy forces through the magneto-Archimedes effect. Under vibration those components experiencing the greater buoyancy will fly higher and the granular mix will become sorted.
  • the magnetic field required is far less than the field required to levitate the particles. If the magnetic field was large enough to fully levitate/float one granular component then some sorting would take place without vibration, but the separation may not be complete, some of the grains being trapped in a body of grains of a different sort
  • the amplitude of vibration will be greater than the average grain diameter of the largest component in the mixture.
  • a method for the separation of particles from a multi-component granular mixture in a magnetic fluid comprising the steps: a) introducing the magnetic fluid to the vessel; b) introducing a granular mixture to the vessel; c) introducing a vertical magnetic field and field gradient to the vessel so that the granular mixture begins to float; d) vibrating the vessel vertically for several cycles until desired level of separation is achieved.
  • the magneto-Archimedean buoyancy force is sufficient to overcome the particles' weight and to float them. Particles in a magnetic fluid subjected to an inhomogeneous magnetic field will experience a force given by equation (5). Particles will float at a vertical position where the magneto buoyancy force equals their weight. The vertical position where this condition is satisfied can differ for materials with differing densities.
  • the magnetic field is such that the grains can float in the magnetic fluid in the absence of vibration. Without the presence of vibration some separation may occur but in practice some grains become trapped within a body of a different sort of grain.
  • the vibration enables the grains to move to their equilibrium separation position. That is the vibration is used to agitate the grains to facilitate separation. In particular the vibration reduces the effect of cohesive forces resulting between dipole-dipole interactions between the grains. Therefore, vibration causes quicker and more efficient separation.
  • the mixture may be caused to vibrate in the horizontal direction or the vibration may have both horizontal and vertical components.
  • Figure 4 shows various objects floating in liquid oxygen, subjected to a vertical inhomogeneous magnetic field. From top to bottom the objects are: a silicon crystal; a gallium arsenide crystal; a £1 coin; a piece of lead and a gold coin. The field varies from 0.7T (silicon) to 2T (gold). The objects float where the total buoyancy equals their weight. The position where this condition is satisfied varies for the objects since they have differing densities.
  • the paramagnetic fluid used in the second and third embodiments of the invention, could be a ferrofluid or an aqueous solution of a paramagnetic salt. Even diamagnetic liquids such as water could be used in sufficient magnetic fields.
  • the paramagnetic fluid should not dissolve or react with any of the components of the mixture.
  • liquid oxygen or a mixture of liquid oxygen and nitrogen are particularly effective as the paramagnetic fluid.
  • the very low viscosity of such fluids greatly improves the rate of separation of a mixture compared to traditional ferrofluids.
  • Liquid oxygen has been found to be sufficiently paramagnetic for separation to occur in fairly modest magnetic fields for most materials. Pure liquid oxygen may however be undesirable due to its combustion enhancement. Therefore it is preferable to use a mixture of liquid oxygen and nitrogen with about 30% liquid oxygen by volume, or less. These mixtures retain sufficient paramagnetism for separation to occur, but do not enhance combustion. It has been found that a mixture of liquid oxygen and nitrogen with only about 5% liquid oxygen by volume has sufficient paramagnetism for separation to occur.
  • Liquid oxygen and oxygen doped liquid nitrogen are commercially favourable over traditional ferrofluids since they are relatively cheap to produce and easy to recover. Such fluids are also non-polluting and the environmental impact of their disposal is not an issue as may be the case for conventional magnetic fluids.
  • the improved efficiency achieved using liquid oxygen or a mixture of liquid oxygen and nitrogen provides for improved separation of mixtures using the magneto- Archimedes effect (as described under the second and first embodiments of the invention).
  • separation is further improved by use of vibration the use of liquid oxygen or a liquid oxygen/nitrogen as the magnetic fluid to separate mixtures represents an improvement on prior art separation techniques even when vibration is not used.
  • a granular mixture is a mixture of discrete hard objects and no inference should be drawn with respect to grain size or shape.
  • the first embodiment has particular utility for binary granular mixtures, where both components have significantly differing values of ⁇ /p. Air may aid or hinder the separation process, depending on the granular mixture.
  • the separation process may be performed in vacuum conditions if air does affect the separation process detrimentally.
  • the second embodiment has particular utility for binary granular mixtures, where both components have differing values of p.
  • the third embodiment has particular utility for binary and multi-component granular mixtures, where all components have differing values of p.
  • Magneto cohesion may affect the separation process in all the mentioned embodiments. Its strength may be described by the ratio R between the cohesive force and the weight of the particles. This dimensionless parameter, R, is given by:
  • the ratio R is less than unity.
  • a fourth embodiment of the invention allows for the full or partial suppression of such separation effects by applying an appropriate field-gradient product during vibration.
  • the apparatus used to study the suppression of vibration is the same/similar to that for used to induce separation, e.g. as schematically illustrated in Figure 1.
  • the forces on the grains imposed by the inhomogeneous magnetic field are adjusted to counteract the natural tendency to separate under vibration alone. This enables mixing to be maintained in an already mixed sample, or the achievement of the mixed state in a sample which is not already mixed. The achievement and maintenance of the mixed state is of great importance in a number of industrial situations such as may be found in, for example, the pharmaceutical industry.
  • the first system investigated was binary mixture consisting of 50:50 % by volume of bismuth grains with diameters in the range 75 - 90 ⁇ m and bronze grains with diameters in the range 300-355 ⁇ m.
  • the mixture was introduced into a rectangular box 10mm deep, 20mm wide and 50mm high.
  • the bed depth of the mixture was 15mm. Under vertical vibration in air in zero magnetic fields, this mixture showed a tendency to separate with a bronze layer uppermost due to the differential influence of air on the components, see Figure 5a.
  • the vibration was performed for 10 min.
  • Applying a negative BdB/dz product during vibration reduces the effective gravity of the bismuth with respect to the bronze.
  • the influence of the magnetic field is to position the bismuth uppermost, whereas the influence of the air is to position the bronze uppermost.
  • the influence of a BdB/dz product may be chosen such that it complements the separation process resulting in quicker and improved separation, or counteracts the separation process causing mixing of the components. This is achieved by adjusting the field gradient direction, the field strength and the vibration parameters appropriately as shown in the example above.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de commander la séparation d'un mélange (10) en composants qui le constitue, au moins un des composants du mélange (10) pouvant être magnétisé. Ce procédé consiste : à appliquer un champ magnétique (B) au moyen d'un composant vertical sur le mélange, ledit composant vertical présentant un gradient dans le sens vertical ; et à faire vibrer le mélange.
PCT/GB2005/001708 2004-05-05 2005-05-05 Procede et appareil pour commander la separation de materiaux WO2005105314A1 (fr)

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GB0409987.5 2004-05-05
GB0409987A GB0409987D0 (en) 2004-05-05 2004-05-05 A method for materials separation in an inhomogeneous magnetic field using vibration

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Cited By (8)

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WO2009006409A3 (fr) * 2007-06-29 2009-02-26 Harvard College Procédés de séparation de matériaux basés sur la densité, contrôle de réactions à base solide et mesure de densités de volumes de liquide et de solides en quantité limitée
WO2010031714A1 (fr) * 2008-09-18 2010-03-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif de séparation de particules ferromagnétiques d'une suspension
WO2012075009A1 (fr) * 2010-11-29 2012-06-07 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Contrôle qualité de matériaux diamagnétiques faisant appel à la lévitation magnétique
US8231006B2 (en) 2008-12-31 2012-07-31 Memc Singapore Pte. Ltd. Methods to recover and purify silicon particles from saw kerf
WO2013044089A1 (fr) * 2011-09-23 2013-03-28 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Analyse de densité d'organismes par lévitation magnétique
US8840794B2 (en) 2008-09-18 2014-09-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for separating ferromagnetic particles from a suspension
US9409265B2 (en) 2010-12-20 2016-08-09 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Three dimensional assembly of diamagnetic materials using magnetic levitation
US10928404B2 (en) 2014-02-26 2021-02-23 The Brigham And Women's Hospital, Inc. System and method for cell levitation and monitoring

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US3898156A (en) * 1974-03-25 1975-08-05 Avco Corp Hyperbolic magnet poles for sink-float separators
US4961841A (en) * 1982-05-21 1990-10-09 Mag-Sep Corporation Apparatus and method employing magnetic fluids for separating particles
US5919737A (en) * 1998-04-21 1999-07-06 Broide; Efim Method of separating a superconducting fraction from a mixture
EP1181982A1 (fr) * 2000-08-23 2002-02-27 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Procédé pour la séparation de mélanges plastiques à base de lévitation magnéto-archimédique

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3898156A (en) * 1974-03-25 1975-08-05 Avco Corp Hyperbolic magnet poles for sink-float separators
US4961841A (en) * 1982-05-21 1990-10-09 Mag-Sep Corporation Apparatus and method employing magnetic fluids for separating particles
US5919737A (en) * 1998-04-21 1999-07-06 Broide; Efim Method of separating a superconducting fraction from a mixture
EP1181982A1 (fr) * 2000-08-23 2002-02-27 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Procédé pour la séparation de mélanges plastiques à base de lévitation magnéto-archimédique

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009006409A3 (fr) * 2007-06-29 2009-02-26 Harvard College Procédés de séparation de matériaux basés sur la densité, contrôle de réactions à base solide et mesure de densités de volumes de liquide et de solides en quantité limitée
US9551706B2 (en) 2007-06-29 2017-01-24 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Density-based methods for separation of materials, monitoring of solid supported reactions and measuring densities of small liquid volumes and solids
WO2010031714A1 (fr) * 2008-09-18 2010-03-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif de séparation de particules ferromagnétiques d'une suspension
US8840794B2 (en) 2008-09-18 2014-09-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for separating ferromagnetic particles from a suspension
US8231006B2 (en) 2008-12-31 2012-07-31 Memc Singapore Pte. Ltd. Methods to recover and purify silicon particles from saw kerf
US8505733B2 (en) 2008-12-31 2013-08-13 Memc Singapore Pte. Ltd. Methods to slice a silicon ingot
US8528740B2 (en) 2008-12-31 2013-09-10 Memc Singapore Pte. Ltd. (Uen200614794D) Methods to recover and purify silicon particles from saw kerf
WO2012075009A1 (fr) * 2010-11-29 2012-06-07 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Contrôle qualité de matériaux diamagnétiques faisant appel à la lévitation magnétique
US9322804B2 (en) 2010-11-29 2016-04-26 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Quality control of diamagnetic materials using magnetic levitation
US9409265B2 (en) 2010-12-20 2016-08-09 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Three dimensional assembly of diamagnetic materials using magnetic levitation
WO2013044089A1 (fr) * 2011-09-23 2013-03-28 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Analyse de densité d'organismes par lévitation magnétique
US10928404B2 (en) 2014-02-26 2021-02-23 The Brigham And Women's Hospital, Inc. System and method for cell levitation and monitoring

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