WO2005103637A2 - Improved electro-conductive textiles having enhanced unifomity of electrical resistance and heat profile and process of making same - Google Patents
Improved electro-conductive textiles having enhanced unifomity of electrical resistance and heat profile and process of making same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005103637A2 WO2005103637A2 PCT/US2004/043629 US2004043629W WO2005103637A2 WO 2005103637 A2 WO2005103637 A2 WO 2005103637A2 US 2004043629 W US2004043629 W US 2004043629W WO 2005103637 A2 WO2005103637 A2 WO 2005103637A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- product
- electro
- conductive textile
- heating element
- textile product
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012781 shape memory material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009429 distress Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010006002 Bone pain Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 claims description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000000112 Myalgia Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003914 blood derivative Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003387 muscular Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940127557 pharmaceutical product Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013550 pizza Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000935974 Paralichthys dentatus Species 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
- A47C21/00—Attachments for beds, e.g. sheet holders, bed-cover holders; Ventilating, cooling or heating means in connection with bedsteads or mattresses
- A47C21/04—Devices for ventilating, cooling or heating
- A47C21/048—Devices for ventilating, cooling or heating for heating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/146—Conductive polymers, e.g. polyethylene, thermoplastics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
- H05B3/342—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heaters used in textiles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
- H05B2203/007—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple electrically connected resistive elements or resistive zones
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/026—Heaters specially adapted for floor heating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/028—Heaters specially adapted for trays or plates to keep food or liquids hot
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/029—Heaters specially adapted for seat warmers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/032—Heaters specially adapted for heating by radiation heating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/036—Heaters specially adapted for garment heating
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to improved electro-conductive materials or textiles used, among other things, as heating elements or sensors, and the process of making same. More specifically, the present invention relates to the provision of, and process of making, improved electrically conductive materials which are in sheet or web form.
- the present invention relates generally to the fabrication of electro- conductive materials or textiles, and the use thereof, among other things, as heating elements or sensors, or in a variety of applications.
- Figure 1 is a first set of tables setting forth the results of testing six, 4 inch squares of ECT made in a conventional manner
- Figure 2 is a second set of tables setting forth the results of testing six, 4 inch squares of ECT made with the improved method described herein
- Figure 3 is a block diagram of the improved process of making the improved ECT. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS
- an improved ECT can be manufactured by using a novel process employing an alternate apparatus as disclosed herein.
- ECT with enhanced levels of uniformity in electrical resistance can be achieved.
- Enhanced uniformity of electrical resistance leads to improved levels of uniformity of heat profile when an electrical potential is applied across the ECT. It is well known in the art that when a potential is applied across a resistive element, electrical energy is converted to heat energy. When a potential is applied across the improved ECT of the present invention, heat is disposed over the entire surface of the ECT substantially isotropically.
- a conventional process of manufacturing ECT requires the pre-prepared woven material being first folded longitudinally to reduce the width sufficiently to allow entry into a carbonization oven. The folded cloth is then transported through the oven by means of a conveyor belt. To maintain progress and take up the cloth as it exits the oven, an arrangement of feed and collection rollers are located at the end of the oven. The cloth is effectively pulled through the oven. The rollers regulate the speed of the cloth through the oven.
- the cloth during its horizontal passage through the oven, is in a relaxed state in the weft direction and in a restrained condition in the warp direction due to the action of the feed and collection rollers. In this method of manufacture, the still hot cloth is rolled upon exiting the oven. It is known in the art that restraint and relaxation of the cloth during the carbonization process affects the electrical resistance of the finished cloth. However, until the present invention, it has not been known how and to what degree relaxation and/or restraint impacts the isotropicity of electrical resistance of the finished cloth. [012]
- the cloth produced in the conventional manner billows or bags in the middle of the roll width, while the selvedge edge of the cloth remains taught.
- the specifications of the conventional ECT prior to carbonization are as follows: width, 84 inches; ends per inch, 30 nominal; picks per inch, 22 nominal; finished fabric weight, 270g/m 2 nominal.
- the specifications of the conventional ECT after carbonization are as follows: width, 67 inches nominal; finished Fabric weight 240g/m 2 nominal.
- the specifications of the improved ECT prior to carbonization are as follows: width, 58 inches; ends per inch, 30 nominal; picks per inch, 22 nominal; finished fabric weight, 330 g/m 2 nominal.
- the specifications of the improved ECT after carbonization are as follows: width, 48 inches; finished fabric weight 210g/m 2 nominal.
- FIG. 1 a set of first tables is presented showing the results of testing ECT made in the conventional manner. As seen therein, six, 4 inch squares of traditionally manufactured ECT were cut from locations equally spaced across the width of the finished cloth. These squares were incorporated into neater pads. The heater pads were heated both actively and passively to a temperature of 100°C. The electrical resistance of the heater pads was taken at the ambient temperature of 21 °C and thereafter every level 10°C increment to 100°C. The passive heating took place in a custom made calibrated heating chamber.
- FIG. 3 provides a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the manufacturing process 300 of the improved ECT.
- a process 300 of producing a material with substantially isotropic resistive characteristics comprising carbonizing a precursor material 301 while it is in a relaxed condition is implemented.
- the precursor material 301 preferably comprises a polymer, such as one from the group consisting of polyacrilonitrile, rayon and viscose fabric.
- the process 300 can also be referred to as carbonizing a precursor material 301 while it is in a vertically supported position; carbonizing a precursor material 301 while it is in a vertically unrestrained position; and carbonizing a precursor material 301 while it is in a flat and unfolded state.
- the selvedge edge of the carbonized material 302 is allowed to relax during carbonization. This carbonized material 302 is allowed to settle and cool after carbonization.
- a woven material is pre-prepared. The woven material is then fed into a carbonization chamber of a vertically arranged oven 303 by a feed mechanism 304 at the upper end of the vertically arranged oven.
- the woven material is transported in a regulated manner in an unfolded and flat state vertically through the carbonization chamber of the vertically arranged oven 303, whereby the woven material is converted into the carbonized material 302.
- the woven fabric before carbonizing weighs 330 grams per square meter.
- the woven fabric is carbonized down to 210 grams per square meter.
- such finished fabric weight after carbonization is about 220 grams plus or minus 10 grams.
- the oven temperature is between about 930 and 1050 degrees Centigrade in an atmosphere from the group consisting of Nitrogen and Argon.
- the speed through the machine/oven can be 9.5 meters per hour, 9 meters per hour or 8.5 meters per hour.
- the carbonized material is then collected in a catch basket 305 at the lower end of the vertically arranged oven 303. After cooling, the carbonized material 302 is collected into rolls. However, there can be certain circumstances where the cloth is not collected into a catch basket to settle and cool but is allowed to drape down over transit rollers to cool and settle before being committed to final rolling onto tubes for shipment. This is done in a relaxed state.
- the improved ECT made by the foregoing process 300 can be used to develop heat uniformly across its surface by applying a potential difference across the carbonized material.
- the improved ECT can be used as a heating element of a heating system.
- An electrical circuit such as a circuit for generating a potential and sensing current can be used in conjunction with the circuit for applying and regulating a potential difference across the heating element.
- Such an electrical control circuit can be arranged to control the temperature of the heating element, and to derive a control signal from an electrical current passing through the heating element.
- Electrodes can be connected to the heating element at spaced locations enabling the application of the potential difference across the area of the carbonized material between the electrodes.
- the heating system incorporating the carbonized material can be configured in a variety of orientations.
- Such a heating element can have a protective layer on at least one side thereof.
- the element can include a pair of opposite sides that further comprises a pair of protective layers, the protective layers each being applied to a respective one of the opposite sides.
- the protective layers can be arranged so as to cooperate with at least one edging strip to encapsulate the carbonized fabric heating element.
- the circuit used to apply the potential difference can include at least two conductive bus bars. These bus bars, preferably, are sewn in place. Other methods of attachment, such as gluing can also be used. These bars can each comprise at least one of copper, electrically conductive metal foil, woven wire braid, woven wire strips, an electrically conductive plastics material, and conductive wires.
- Such an apparatus for making an electrically conductive material comprises an oven with a carbonization chamber arranged in a vertical plane; a feed roller adapted to feed the material in a regulated manner to the upper end of the vertically arranged oven; the feed roller adapted to transport the material in an unfolded and flat state vertically through the carbonization chamber of the vertically arranged oven; and a catch basket at the lower end of the vertically arranged oven adapted to collect the carbonized material or cloth.
- Such an apparatus would be adapted to carbonize polymers, including those from the group consisting of polyacrilonitrile, rayon and viscose fabric.
- polymers including those from the group consisting of polyacrilonitrile, rayon and viscose fabric.
- the improved ECT product of the present invention can be incorporated into a form of heated carrying bag used by seaborne rescue, ambulance, paramedic, accident and emergency crews.
- the heated bag could contain at least one bag of transfusible liquid and a sterile blood administration set for use in the transfusion blood, blood derivatives, saline, glucose or other tranfusible liquids.
- Such a heated bag incorporating the improved ECT could be powered by a battery pack.
- This battery pack can be contained in the base of the bag, when required for portable use, for example, at the scene of an accident.
- the heated bag incorporating the improved ECT can be powered from the electrical system of the transportation vehicle on its way to the accident scene.
- the ECT heating element is preferably arranged on the inner face of the back and/or sides of the heated bag.
- the heated bag could further have an easy open zip fastener or alternatively, a means of closure such as a hook and loop type closure system, allowing access to the heated contents.
- a heated bag could incorporate, among other things, a reflective insulated lining for heat retention, a weatherproof flap, a rigid loop for transportation on the belt of a paramedic and a carry handle on the top and/or sides thereof.
- the improved ECT product can be incorporated into, or used as a form of, a heated blanket to be used in lifeboats, and by coastguards, helicopter, air-sea rescue services, ambulance, paramedic and accident and emergency crews.
- a heated blanket could contain a heated section for warming a patient, for example, at the scene of an accident.
- the blanket further could have a waterproof outer surface manufactured from high visibility material and could be overlaid with light reflective strips.
- the heated section of such a blanket is powered by a battery pack contained in a carry pack that could be either hand carried or suspended beneath a gurney, for example, when being carried to the scene of the accident.
- a blanket could be powered from the electrical system of a transportation vehicle.
- Such a heated blanket would be stowed when not in use, in, for example, a high visibility transportation tube that could contain a secondary battery pack that pre-heats the blanket, for example, when en-route to the scene of the accident.
- the blanket could also be coupled with, or stored in a distress signaling device.
- a distress signaling device can be configured as a telescopic tube that can be extended as a baton to summon help.
- Such a signaling system in combination with the heated blanket, could be combined as a vehicle emergency kit.
- the improved ECT product would also be useful in beds, mattresses, blankets, duvets, covers, and throws for bedding, cushions and pillows, for healthcare and domestic use.
- a heated wound dressing could benefit from the use or inclusion of a heating element constructed from the improved ECT.
- Many other diverse healthcare products would also benefit from the use of the improved ECT. These include heated bandages, heated plaster-casts for the treatment of broken limbs; heated wraps, splints, supports and belts used for the relief and treatment of muscular and skeletal pain and disorders. Additional uses include as a form of heated cover or wrap to be displaced over a patient during an operation or medical procedure.
- the blanket would have flap sections that could be moved and lifted to allow access by medical staff during medical procedures or operations.
- the blanket could be laminated within an anti-bacterial cover material to aid with sterilization issues.
- the improved ECT product would also be useful in beds, blankets, covers for bedding, cushions and pillows.
- the improved ECT could also be incorporated into baby incubators, stretchers, gurneys and operating tables. Any medical device that would require or give the patient benefit from the application of heat, e.g., where heat is to be applied to or close to human tissue, could be improved by the employment of a heating element comprising the improved ECT.
- Additional, less sophisticated products, would benefit from the use or incorporation of the present invention.
- the present invention could be incorporated into veterinary products such as wraps, blankets, rugs and jackets.
- the improved ECT of the present invention could also be used in molding tools and covers used in the composites industry and plastics forming industry where strong reliance on uniformity of heat is required, hi addition, the improved ECT of the present invention can be used in covers, wraps and bags for thermally sensitive equipment such as diagnostic equipment, computers, cameras, navigational aids, similarly packages and containers used for the transportation of thermally sensitive products such as pharmaceutical products and medicines.
- the improved ECT of the present invention there are a variety of uses for the improved ECT of the present invention in the automotive and vehicle manufacturing industry, including car seat heater systems, heated roof liners and door panels, heated bunks in recreational vehicles and in the sleeper section of semi-rig trailers. [032] There are a variety of uses and applications of the improved ECT of the present invention in the food preparation, delivery and service industry, such as heated shelves, trays, warmers and trolleys along with pizza bags. There are also a variety of uses of the improved ECT of the present invention in the construction and building industry where such improved ECT could be employed in and beneath concrete to impart warming and activation of color changing pigments and dyes used for decorative purposes.
- the improved ECT could be used in under floor heating systems and heated wall coverings, heated roof shingles for ice and snow thawing.
- the improved ECT of the present invention can also be used in infrared and heat signature weaponry targeting devices where an even and uniform heat profile is required, such devices being used for both mobile tank and static artillery training purposes, and also to mimic the heat signature if equipment or personnel to act as a military decoy.
- the improved ECT of the present invention can be used in airborne and seaborne devices for use in connection with equipment which is sensitive to discerning the heat signature of a shape or surface.
- the improved ECT of the present invention can also be used in conjunction with shape change materials and alloys as a thermal triggering stimulus to initiate change or to return said shape memory material or alloy to its original shape.
- the improved ECT can be used in clothing to change its shape, look or feel thereof.
- it can be used in furniture that, through the application of heat to a part of its construction or surface, is adapted to be changed to an alternate and possibly more comfortable shape or position.
- the improved material could be laminated, encased or encapsulated within a variety of such shape memory materials.
- the innovative teachings of the present invention are described with particular reference to the exemplary embodiments described herein. It should be understood and appreciated by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein provide only a few examples of the many advantageous uses and innovative teachings herein. Various alterations, modifications and substitutions can be made to the process of the disclosed invention, and the resultant product, without departing in any way from the spirit and scope of the invention.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/475,579 US20040173028A1 (en) | 2001-04-27 | 2002-04-15 | Electroconductive textile sensor |
US10/475,579 | 2004-04-12 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2005103637A2 true WO2005103637A2 (en) | 2005-11-03 |
WO2005103637A3 WO2005103637A3 (en) | 2009-04-09 |
Family
ID=35197581
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2004/043629 WO2005103637A2 (en) | 2004-04-12 | 2004-12-29 | Improved electro-conductive textiles having enhanced unifomity of electrical resistance and heat profile and process of making same |
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WO (1) | WO2005103637A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20220054320A1 (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2022-02-24 | National Taipei University Of Technology | Portable thermoshapable fabric composite heating device kit |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5858530A (en) * | 1996-04-25 | 1999-01-12 | Mccullough, Jr.; Francis P. | Flexible ignition resistant biregional fiber, articles made from biregional fibers, and method of manufacture |
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2004
- 2004-12-29 WO PCT/US2004/043629 patent/WO2005103637A2/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5858530A (en) * | 1996-04-25 | 1999-01-12 | Mccullough, Jr.; Francis P. | Flexible ignition resistant biregional fiber, articles made from biregional fibers, and method of manufacture |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20220054320A1 (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2022-02-24 | National Taipei University Of Technology | Portable thermoshapable fabric composite heating device kit |
US11883265B2 (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2024-01-30 | National Taipei University Of Technology | Portable thermoshapable fabric composite heating device kit |
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