WO2005101828A1 - 記録媒体、再生装置、プログラム - Google Patents
記録媒体、再生装置、プログラム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005101828A1 WO2005101828A1 PCT/JP2005/007321 JP2005007321W WO2005101828A1 WO 2005101828 A1 WO2005101828 A1 WO 2005101828A1 JP 2005007321 W JP2005007321 W JP 2005007321W WO 2005101828 A1 WO2005101828 A1 WO 2005101828A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B27/00—Editing; Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Monitoring; Measuring tape travel
- G11B27/005—Reproducing at a different information rate from the information rate of recording
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/76—Television signal recording
- H04N5/91—Television signal processing therefor
- H04N5/92—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
- G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
- G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
- G11B20/12—Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers
- G11B20/1217—Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers on discs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B27/00—Editing; Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Monitoring; Measuring tape travel
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream, rendering scenes according to MPEG-4 scene graphs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
- H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
- H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
- H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
- H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
- H04N21/8455—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments involving pointers to the content, e.g. pointers to the I-frames of the video stream
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/79—Processing of colour television signals in connection with recording
- H04N9/80—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback
- H04N9/804—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback involving pulse code modulation of the colour picture signal components
- H04N9/8042—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback involving pulse code modulation of the colour picture signal components involving data reduction
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
- G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
- G11B20/12—Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers
- G11B2020/1264—Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers wherein the formatting concerns a specific kind of data
- G11B2020/1288—Formatting by padding empty spaces with dummy data, e.g. writing zeroes or random data when de-icing optical discs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B2220/00—Record carriers by type
- G11B2220/20—Disc-shaped record carriers
- G11B2220/25—Disc-shaped record carriers characterised in that the disc is based on a specific recording technology
- G11B2220/2537—Optical discs
- G11B2220/2541—Blu-ray discs; Blue laser DVR discs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B2220/00—Record carriers by type
- G11B2220/20—Disc-shaped record carriers
- G11B2220/25—Disc-shaped record carriers characterised in that the disc is based on a specific recording technology
- G11B2220/2537—Optical discs
- G11B2220/2562—DVDs [digital versatile discs]; Digital video discs; MMCDs; HDCDs
Definitions
- the present invention is an invention belonging to the technical field of jump-in reproduction technology.
- Dive playback is a technique for starting playback of an intermediate stream of a digital stream encoded by a variable code length encoding method.
- the playback target is MPEG2-Video
- the read range for preparing the reference picture in the decoder depends on the GOP structure in the video stream.
- the GOP structure of MPEG2-Video includes types such as Closed-GOP and Open-GOP. Closed- GOP depends on the interdependency between pictures Since it is completed within one GOP, if the GOP including the jump position is read and supplied to the decoder, all reference pictures at the jump position are prepared in the decoder. You can do it.
- the Open-GOP does not complete within one GOP, but extends to the GOP before it, depending on the dependency between pictures. Therefore, to start jump playback, it is necessary to read the GOP immediately before the GOP including the jump position from the recording medium and supply it to the decoder. If the GOP structure is Open-GOP, it is necessary to extend the reading range to the previous GOP.
- Patent document 1 JP-A-2000-228656
- the playback device has to expand the read range in a worst case scenario.
- the worst case is that the dependency extends to the beginning of the video stream.
- the read range must be extended to the beginning of the video stream.
- the decoding of a one-hour picture is required. Must be done and preparation of the reference picture is very time consuming.
- MPEG-4 AVC is said to be unsuitable for use in distributing movie works on a recording medium because a lot of time is required for jump playback. It has been said that MPEG4-AVC's desire is to use it in a playback mode called stream distribution, that is, a playback mode in which a video stream is always played at the beginning.
- stream distribution a playback mode in which a video stream is always played at the beginning.
- encoding by MPEG4-AVC brings the benefits of high image quality and high compression ratio, so even if it has the disadvantage of taking a lot of time for jump-in playback, it will not be used for recording media. There is a voice mourning that it is very sad to end up.
- a recording medium has a video stream and an entry map recorded thereon, and the entry map indicates a plurality of entry positions in the video stream by an entry time,
- the flag is shown in association with a flag, and the flag indicates whether or not the picture is an intra picture intended for a refresh operation of picture decoding present at each entry position.
- the flag is associated with a picture present at each entry position, and indicates whether each picture is an intra picture intended for a refresh operation of decoding. Indicate By referring to the flag associated with the entry position, the playback device can know which intra-picture power the picture is intended to be refreshed. Dependency in Open-GOP Even if a picture extends to a distant picture, the long-term dependency does not exceed the picture intended for refreshing. If the reading range is expanded, all the reference pictures required for decoding during jump playback can be prepared in the decoder.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a mode of use of a recording medium according to the present invention.
- the recording medium according to the present invention is a BD-ROM 100.
- This BD-ROM 100 is It is used for supplying movie works to a home theater system formed by the remote controller 300 and the television 400.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an internal configuration of the BD-ROM.
- the fourth row of the figure shows the BD-ROM, and the third row shows the tracks on the BD-ROM.
- the track in this figure is drawn by extending a spiral track formed by applying the inner circumferential force of the BD-ROM to the outer circumference as well. This track serves as the lead-in area, volume area, and lead-out area.
- the volume area in this figure has layer models of a physical layer, a file system layer, and an application layer. Expressing the application layer format (application format) of the BD-ROM using the directory structure is as shown in the first row in the figure. At the first level, the BD-ROM has a BDMV directory under the Root directory.
- STREAM directories There are three subdirectories called STREAM directories.
- the STREAM directory is a directory that stores a group of files that constitute the digital stream itself. Files with the extension m2ts
- the PLAYLIST directory is a file with the extension mpls.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing how a file with the extension .m2ts is configured.
- the files with the extension .m2ts (00001.m2ts, 00002.m2ts, 00003.m2ts) store AVClip.
- AVClip (middle) is a video composed of multiple video frames (pictures pjl, 2, 3).
- the video stream which has the power of multiple audio frames (upper first stage), is converted into a PES packet sequence (upper second stage), and further converted into TS packets (upper third stage).
- a presentation graphics stream (PG stream in the first row) and an interactive graphics stream (IG stream in the second row) are converted into TS packets (3rd row) and multiplexed. Is done.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the process by which TS packets constituting an AVClip are written to a BD-ROM.
- the first row of the figure shows the TS packets that make up the AVClip.
- TS_extra_header (“EX” in the figure) is added to the TS packets that constitute the AVClip as shown in the second row.
- the third and fourth rows show the correspondence between physical units of the BD-ROM and TS packets.
- TS packets with extra.header are grouped in groups of 32 and written into three sectors.
- the 32 EX-attached TS packets contained in the three sectors are called "Aligned Units", and are written in units of Aligned Units when writing to BD-ROM.
- an error correction code is added to each of the 32 sectors to form an ECC block.
- the recording device accesses the BD-ROM in units of Aligned Unit, it can obtain 32 complete EX-attached TS packets.
- the above is the process of writing the AVClip to the BD-ROM.
- FIG. 5A shows a plurality of pictures arranged in the encoding order.
- ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ mean an I picture, a ⁇ picture, and a ⁇ picture, respectively.
- I pictures There are two types of I pictures: IDR pictures and Non-IDR I pictures.
- Non-IDR I picture, P picture , B pictures are compression-coded based on the frame correlation with other pictures.
- B pictures are bidirectionally
- the B picture includes a refrenceB picture and a nonrefrenceB picture.
- FIG. 5A a Non-IDR I picture is described as “I”, and an IDR picture is described as “IDR”.
- IDR an IDR picture
- FIG. 5 (b) is a diagram showing the GOP structure of the video stream shown in FIG. 5 (a).
- the IDR picture and the B picture and P picture following this IDR picture are one
- a Non-IDR I picture and a B-picture and a P-picture following the Non-IDR I picture constitute one Open-GOP.
- FIG. 6 (a) is a diagram showing the internal configuration of the Closed-GOP in the display order and the encoding order.
- the Closed-GOP is arranged with the IDR picture at the head.
- the IDR picture is not the first in the display order, pictures other than the IDR picture (B picture and P picture) cannot have a dependency relationship with the pictures existing in the GOP before the Closed-GOP.
- the arrow with X in the figure symbolically indicates that there is no dependency with the previous GOP.
- the Closed-GOP has a role to complete the dependency.
- FIG. 6B is a diagram showing an internal configuration of the Open-GOP.
- the upper part of FIG. 6B shows the internal configuration in the display order, and the lower part shows the internal configuration in the encoding order.
- the coding order it can be seen that the Non-IDR I picture exists at the head.
- the difference between the coding order and the display order is that the order of the IDR picture, Non-IDR I picture, and P picture is exchanged.
- B-pictures exist before Non-IDR I-pictures.
- FIG. 7A shows the internal structure of an IDR picture.
- an IDR picture is composed of a plurality of slice data in the Intra format.
- FIG. 7 (b) shows the internal structure of a Non-IDR I picture.
- the IDR picture is composed of only Intra format slice data, while the Non-IDR I picture is composed of Intra format slice data, P format slice data, and B ⁇ type slice data.
- FIG. 7 (c) shows a dependency relationship in a Non-IDR I picture. Since a Non-IDR I picture can be composed of ⁇ , ⁇ slice data, it can have a dependency with other pictures.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a dependency relationship that a Non-IDR I picture may have.
- the first row shows a picture sequence arranged in the display order, and the second row shows a picture sequence arranged in the encoding order.
- the arrows in the figure schematically show the dependencies that may have Non-IDR I picture power.
- the IDR picture instructs the decoder to perform a refresh operation of the decoder, and all the reference pictures obtained so far in the decoder are erased by the picture operation intended for the refresh. Therefore, the dependency in the Non-IDR I picture is completed up to the IDR picture.
- An IDR picture that specifies a Cloed-GOP does not appear in a fixed unit, such as every GOP.
- IDR pictures are placed in one video stream. Therefore, depending on the encoding conditions, almost no IDR pictures may be placed, or many IDR pictures may be placed.
- Compression rate is sluggish. That is, if the number of inserted IDR pictures is large, the advantage of the compression ratio is lost.
- the fact that at least one IDR picture is inserted in the middle of the video stream makes the special playback from the middle of the stream more efficient.
- the P picture to be displayed in the trick play may refer to a B picture that is coded earlier than the P picture, and the B picture may be referred to as a B picture that is coded earlier. May refer to a picture and a P-picture. Therefore, there is no guarantee as to how far back to decode the P picture that you want to display.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a process of converting an IDR picture and a Non-IDR I picture into a TS packet.
- the first row in the figure shows an IDR picture and a Non-IDR I picture.
- the second row shows the Access Unit specified in MPEG4-AVC.
- a plurality of slice data constituting an IDR picture and a Non-IDR I picture are arranged in a sequencer, and an AUD (Access Unit Delimiter) and an SPS (Sequence Parameter
- PPS Picture Parameter Set
- SEI Supplemental Enhanced info
- Each of AUD, SPS, PPS, SEI, and Access Unit is information specified in MPEG4-AVC, and is described in various documents such as ITU-T Recommendation H.264. See these references. What is important here is AUD, SPS, PPS, SEI Is necessary for random access to be supplied to the playback device.
- the third row shows the NAL unit. By adding a header to AUD, SPS, PPS, SEI in the second row, AUD, SPS, PPS, SEI, and slice data are NAL
- NAL unit is a unit specified in the Network Abstraction Layer of MPEG4-AVC,
- NAL units obtained by converting one picture are converted to PES packets as shown in the fourth row. Then, it is converted into TS packets and recorded on the BD-ROM.
- the NAL unit including the Access Unit Delimiter is one index for decoding IDR pictures and Non-IDR I pictures.
- the NAL unit including the Delimiter is treated as a point in the present embodiment. Then, when reproducing the video stream, the reproducing device interprets the NAL unit including the Access Unit Delimiter as an entry position for reproducing the I picture. Therefore, it is very important to understand where the Access Unit Delimiter of the IDR picture and the Non-IDR I picture exists in order to execute the jump playback in the AVClip.
- the above is the configuration of the MPEG4-AVC format video stream.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the internal structure of Clip information. As shown on the left side of this figure, the Clip information
- the leader line cul in the figure shows a close-up of the configuration of the i-th Program Sequence (Program Sequence (O).
- Program Info for 3 ⁇ 4equenceo is composed of Ns (i) arrays of Stream-PID and Stream-odding-Info (Stream_PID [i] (0), Stream_Coding_Info (i, 0 ) ⁇ Stream_PID [i] (Ns (i) -1), Stream-CodingJnfo (i, Ns (i) -l)).
- Stream_PID indicates a packet identifier for each elementary stream constituting the AVClip
- Stream_Coding_Info indicates an encoding method for each elementary stream constituting the AVClip
- FIG. 11 (a) shows Stream_Coding_Info for a video stream
- FIG. 11 (b) shows Stream_CodingJnfo for an audio stream.
- Stream_Coding_Info of the video stream indicates that the encoding method of the video stream is MPEG4-AVC
- Stream_Coding_type which indicates which of MPEG2-Video, "Video_format”, which indicates which of 480i, 576i, 480p, 1080i, 720p, 1080p, the video stream display method, and the video stream frame It includes “frame_rate” indicating whether the rate is 23.976 Hz, 29.97 Hz, or 59.94 Hz, and “aspect_ratio” indicating the force at which the picture aspect ratio in the video stream is 4: 3 or 16: 9.
- FIG. 11B shows Stream_Coding_Info for an audio stream.
- One in the audio stream in this figure shows Suyo, Stream_CodingJnfo hand, coding scheme force s LPCM audio streams, and "Stream_Coding_Type” indicating which of Dolby-AC3, Dts, the output format of the audio stream It consists of "audio_Presentation_type", which indicates whether it is stereo, monaural or multi, "Sampling-Frenquency”, which indicates the sampling frequency of the audio stream, and "audio-language”, which corresponds to the audio stream; .
- the lead line cu2 in the figure is a close-up of the CPI configuration.
- the CPI consists of an EP_map.
- EPjnap is composed of Ne EP-map-for-one-stream-PID (EP-map-for-one-stream-PID (0) ⁇
- EP—map—for—one—stream—PID (Ne-1)) These EP-map-for-one-stream-PIDs are EPjnaps for individual elementary streams belonging to AVClip.
- EPjnap is information indicating the packet number (SPN_EP_start) at the entry position where the I-picture Access Unit Delimiter exists on one elementary stream in association with the entry time (PTS_EP_start).
- the lead line cu3 in the figure is a close-up of the internal structure of EP_map_for_one_stream_PID.
- the EP_map_for_one_stream_PID is composed of Nc EP_High (EP_High (0) to
- EP_High (Nc-l) and Nf EPowow (EP ⁇ ow (0) to EP ⁇ ow (Nf-l).
- EP_High is higher than SPN_EP_start and PTS_EP_start of the I picture.
- EPow has a role of representing bits, and has a role of indicating lower bits of SPN_EP_start and PTS_EP_start of the I picture.
- EP_High (i) is a reference value for EP ⁇ ow, “ref_to_EP ⁇ ow_id [i]”, “PTS_EP_High] indicating the upper bit of the PTS of the I picture, and I picture "SPN_EP_High [i]", which indicates the high-order bit of the SPN.
- i is an identifier for identifying an arbitrary EP_High.
- EP ⁇ ow is “is_angle_change_point (EP ⁇ ow_id)”, “I_end_position_offset (EP ⁇ owjd)” indicating the size of the corresponding I picture, and the lower bit of the PTS of the corresponding I picture. It is composed of “PTS_EPowow (EP ⁇ ow_id)” indicating the bit and “SPN_EP ⁇ ow (EP ⁇ ow_id)” indicating the lower bit of the SPN of the corresponding I picture.
- EP ⁇ owjd is an identifier for identifying an arbitrary EP ⁇ ow.
- Is_angle_change_point is a flag indicating whether or not the I picture specified by the Entry Point is an entry point from another AVClip.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the concept of entering the AVClip and exiting from the AVClip force.
- the entry point of the AVClip means that when the optical pickup reads a TS packet constituting an AVClip, the optical pickup seeks the optical pickup and moves the optical pickup to a recording position of a TS packet constituting another AVClip. It means moving.
- the arrow erl in FIG. 12 schematically shows the movement of the optical pickup when entering the AVClip.
- the escape from the AVClip means to read the TS packet sequence constituting a certain AVClip and, when reading, move the optical pickup to the TS packet sequence constituting another AVClip.
- the arrow exl in FIG. 12 schematically shows the movement of the optical pickup at the time of escape from the AVClip.
- the operations shown in this figure, that is, the operations of “exiting” from the currently playing AVClip and “entering” another AVClip are referred to as angle-change “angle_change” and ⁇ ⁇ .
- is_angle_change_point is named so that this "angle_change” is possible.
- it is necessary to improve not only the EP_map set to is_angle_change_point "1" but also AVClip and PlayList information. Improvements to the AVClip and PlayList information for realizing the angle will be described in detail in the second embodiment, and thus the description in this embodiment will be omitted.
- the EP_map is represented by a combination of EP_High and EP_ow. In this notation, the description is complicated. Unless otherwise specified, the PTS 'SPN indicated in these EP_Highs is used. And the lower bits of PTS'SPN indicated in EP_ow are collectively denoted as PTS_EP_start and SPN_EP_start.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing EPjnap settings for the video stream of FIG.
- the first row shows a plurality of pictures arranged in the display order, and the second row shows the time axis in the picture.
- the fourth row shows the TS packet sequence on the BD-ROM, and the third row shows the settings of EPjnap. If there are I-pictures at tl, t2, t3, t4, and t5 on the time axis in the second stage, these tl to t5 will be set as PTS_EP_start in EPjnap. On the other hand, if the access unit delimiter power of the video stream is present in nl, n2, n3, n4, and n5 of the TS packet sequence in the D-ROM, these nl to n5 are
- FIG. 14 shows PTS_EP_start, Entry Point # l to Entry Point # 5 in FIG.
- SPN_EP_start is expressed as a set of EP_ow and EP_High.
- the left side of the figure shows EP_ow and the right side shows EP_High.
- PTS_EP ow of EP ow (i) to (i + l) indicates the lower bits of tl to t5.
- SPN_EP_High of EP ⁇ ow (i) to (i + l) is the lower bits of nl to n5.
- EP-Low (i) ⁇ (i + l) is-angle- change- point (i) ⁇ (i + l), G), (i + 2) Since it is an IDR picture,
- is_angle_change_point is set to " ⁇ . (i + l), (i + 3), (i + 4) are the corresponding I-pictures on-IDR I-pictures, so is_angle_change_point is set to" 0 " Been!
- FIG. 14 shows EP_High (0) to (Nc-l) in EPjnap.
- EP_High (0) to (Nc-l) in EPjnap.
- tl to t5 have a common upper bit
- nl to n5 also have a common upper bit
- these common upper bits are described in PTS_EP_High and SPN_EP_High.
- O_EP ⁇ OWjd corresponding to EP_High is the first one of EP ⁇ ow corresponding to tl to t5 and nl to n5.
- EP ⁇ ow (i) must be set to indicate that PTS_EP_start, SPN_EP_start Are expressed by EP_High ⁇ .
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the expansion of the readout range during jump playback.
- the playback time length of the video stream is 2 hours and the jump position In-time is the playback position after 1 hour, if t3 is 15 minutes before In_time, 15 minutes
- the reference picture required for decoding the picture at In_time can be prepared in the decoder.
- MPEG4-AVC format video stream on the BD-ROM can be reproduced at any position by expanding the read range to the minimum necessary.
- MPEG4-AVC can be used for distributing movie works using a BD-ROM, and the use of MPEG4-AVC can be greatly expanded.
- EPjnap for MPEG4-AVC uses is_angle_change_point in the SPN-PTS pair of IDR picture and Non-IDR I picture. When it is appended, it is expressed in ⁇ ⁇ format, and is compatible with EPjnap that supports MPEG2-Video.
- MPEG4-AVC compatible EPjnap can be expressed in a format compatible with MPEG2-Video, so anyone who wants to produce a BD-ROM should use MPEG2-Video encoding method and MPEG4-AVC encoding method. It is not necessary to be aware of the format of EPjnap when adopting either of these methods.
- PlayList information is information that defines a playback path called PlayList with reference to the AVClip.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the structure of PlayList information. As shown on the left side of the figure, PlayList information also includes a plurality of Playltem information capabilities. Playltem is a playback section defined by specifying In_Time and Out_Time on one or more AVClip time axes. By arranging a plurality of pieces of Playltem information, a PlayList (PL) including a plurality of playback sections is defined. The broken line hsl in the figure shows a close-up of the internal structure of the Playltem information. As shown in this figure, Playltem information includes “Clip_information_file_name” indicating the corresponding Clip information and “Clip_information_file_name” indicating the encoding method of the corresponding AVClip.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the relationship between AVClip and PlayList information.
- the first level shows the time axis of the AVClip, and the second level shows the time axis (called the PL time axis) of the PlayList. PlayList information is
- Playltem # 1, # 2, and # 3 are included, and three playback sections are defined by the In_time and Out_time of these Playltems # 1, # 2, and # 3.
- a time axis different from the AVClip time axis is defined. This is the PL time axis shown in the second row.
- the definition of the Playltem information enables the definition of a time axis different from that of the AVClip.
- EPjnap in the Clip information is, as described above, the I picture of the video stream.
- the SPN is shown corresponding to the PTS together with the presence or absence of an IDR picture. Since EPjnap guarantees the efficiency of trick play from any time, PlayList information is expressed with time information on the assumption that trick play is performed efficiently. .
- the PlayList information on the BD-ROM can be compatible with the data structure of the PlayList information on the rewritable recording medium (BD-RE).
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the internal configuration of the playback device according to the present invention.
- the reproducing apparatus according to the present invention is industrially produced based on the internal configuration shown in the drawing.
- the playback device according to the present invention mainly includes two parts, a system LSI and a drive device, and can be industrially manufactured by mounting these parts on a cabinet and a substrate of the device.
- a system LSI is an integrated circuit in which various processing units that fulfill the functions of a playback device are integrated.
- the playback devices thus produced include BD drive 1, Arrivaltime Clock Counter2, Source de-packetizer 5, PID Filter4, Transport Buffer5, Multiplexed Buffer6, Odded Picture Buffer7, Video decoder 8, Decoded Picture Buffer10, Video plane 11, Transport Bufferl2, Coded Data Bufferl3, Stream Graphics Processorl4, Object Bufferl5, Composition Bufferl6, Composition Controllerl7, Presentation Graphics plane 18, CLUT unit 19, Transport Buffer20, Coded Data Buffer21, Stream Grapnics Processor22, Ooject Buffer23, Composition Buffer24, Composition Controller25, Intaractive Graphics plane 26, CLUT section 27, synthesis section 28, synthesis section 29, switch 30, Network Device 31, Local Storage 32, Arrival Time Clock Counter 33, Source De-Packetizer 34, PID filter 35, switch 36, Transport Buffer 37, Elementary Buffer 38, audio decoder 39, Transport Buffer 40, Buffer 41, a text subtitle decoder 42, a scenario memory 43, a control unit 44, and a
- the BD-ROM drive 1 performs loading / ejecting of the BD-ROM and reads the BD-ROM. Read from the BD-ROM an Aligned Unit with 32 sectors power
- Arrival time Clock Counter2 generates an Arrival Time Clock based on a 27MHz crystal oscillator (27MHz X-tal).
- Arrival Time Clock is a clock signal that defines a time axis serving as a reference for ATS given to TS packets.
- the Source packetizer 3 When the Aligned Unit consisting of 32 sectors is read from the BD-ROM, the Source packetizer 3 removes the TP_extra_header from each TS packet constituting the Aligned Unit and replaces only the TS packet with the PID. Output to filter 4. The output to the PID filter 4 by the Source De-Packetizer 3 is made at the timing when the time when the Arrival time Clock Counter 2 has passed becomes the ATS indicated by TP_extra_header.
- the output to the PID filter 4 is performed according to the ATS, so even if there is a speed difference between 1x speed and 2x speed when reading from the BD-ROM, the TS packet output to the PID filter 4 is output by Arrival Time Clock Will be done according to the current time that passes.
- the PID Filter 4 refers to the PID added to the TS packet to determine whether the TS packet belongs to the video stream, the PG stream, or the IG stream. Output to Buffer1, Transport Buffer20, or Transport Bufferd7.
- the Transport Buffer (TB) 5 is a buffer temporarily stored when the TS packet belonging to the video stream is output from the PID filter 4.
- the multiplexed buffer (MB) 6 is a buffer for storing PES packets when outputting a video stream from the transport buffer 5 to the elementary buffer 7.
- the Coded Picture Buffer (CPB) 7 is a buffer in which pictures (I picture, B picture, P picture) in a coding state are stored.
- the video decoder 8 obtains a plurality of frame images by decoding each frame image of the video elementary stream at a predetermined decoding time (DTS), and writes the plurality of frame images in the Decoded Picture Buffer IO.
- DTS decoding time
- Decoded Picture Buffer 10 is a buffer in which decoded pictures are written.
- Video plane 11 is a plane for storing uncompressed pictures. .
- the plane is a memory area for storing one screen of pixel data in the playback device.
- the resolution of the video plane 11 is 1920 ⁇ 1080, and the picture data stored in the video plane 11 is composed of pixel data represented by a 16-bit YUV value.
- the Transport Buffer (TB) 12 is a buffer that temporarily accumulates when TS packets belonging to the PG stream are output from the PID filter 4.
- the Coded Data Buffer (CDB) 13 is a buffer in which PES packets making up the PG stream are stored.
- the Stream Graphics Processor (SGP) 14 decodes the PES packet (ODS) that stores the graphics data, and obtains the index color obtained by decoding.
- ODS PES packet
- Object Buffer 15 a graphics object obtained by decoding by the Stream Graphics Processor 14 is placed.
- the Composition Buffer 16 is a memory in which control information (PCS) for rendering graphics data is stored.
- PCS control information
- the Graphics Controller 17 decodes the PCS arranged in the Composition Buffer 16 and performs control based on the decoding result.
- the Presentation Graphics plane 18 is a memory having an area for one screen, and can store uncompressed graphics for one screen.
- the resolution of this plane is 1920 x 1080, and each pixel of uncompressed graphics in the Presentation Graphics plane 18 is represented by an 8-bit index color.
- CLUT Color Lookup Table
- the CLUT unit 19 converts the index colors in the uncompressed graphics stored in the Presentation Graphics plane 18 into Y, Cr, Cb values.
- the Transport Buffer (TB) 20 is a buffer in which TS packets belonging to the IG stream are stored.
- the Coded Data Buffer (CDB) 21 is a buffer in which PES packets making up the IG stream are stored.
- the Stream Graphics Processor (SGP) 22 decodes the PES packet storing the graphics data, and writes an uncompressed bitmap including the index colors obtained by the decoding to the Object Buffer 23 as a graphics object.
- SGP Stream Graphics Processor
- Object Buffer 23 a graphics object obtained by decoding by the Stream Graphics Processor 22 is arranged.
- the Composition Buffer 24 is a memory in which control information for rendering graphics data is arranged.
- the Graphics Controller 25 decodes the control information arranged in the Composition Buffer 24 and performs control based on the decoding result.
- Interactive (graphics plane) 26 The uncompressed graphics obtained by the encoding by the Stream urapnics Processor (SGP) 22 are written. The resolution in this plane is 1920 X 1080, and the Each pixel of the uncompressed graphics is represented by an 8-bit index color.By converting the index color using a CLUT (Color Lookup Table), the uncompressed graphics stored in the Intaractive Graphics plane 26 are Provided for display.
- SGP Stream urapnics Processor
- the CLUT unit 27 converts the index colors in the uncompressed graphics stored in the Interactive Graphics plane 26 into Y, Cr, Cb values.
- the combining unit 28 combines the uncompressed frame image stored in the video plane 11 with the uncompressed graphics object stored in the Presentation Graphics plane 18. By the composite, it is possible to obtain a composite image in which subtitles are superimposed on a moving image.
- the synthesizing unit 29 includes a non-compressed graphics object stored in the interactive graphics plane 26 and a synthesized image (uncompressed picture data and an uncompressed And a graphics object).
- Switch 30 is used to read TS packets read from BD-ROM and One of the TS packets thus obtained is selectively supplied to the Transport Buffer 20.
- the Network Device 31 realizes a communication function in the playback device, and establishes a TCP connection, an FTP connection, and the like with a website corresponding to a URL.
- the Local Storage 32 is a hard disk for storing contents supplied from various recording media and communication media. Contents downloaded from the website through the connection established by the Network Device 31 are also stored in the Local Storage 32.
- the source packetetizer 34 removes the TP_extra_header from the TS packet of the AVClip read from the Local Storage 32, and outputs only the TS packet to the PID filter 35.
- the output to the PID filter 35 by the source packetizer 34 is performed at the timing when the ATS indicated by the time power TP_extra_header at which the Arrival Time Clock Counter 33 elapses.
- the PID filter 35 switches the TS packet read from the Local Storage 32 to one of the IG stream decoder side, the audio decoder side, and the text subtitle decoder side.
- the switch 36 requests the audio decoder 39 to permit either the TS packet read from the BD-ROM or the TS packet read from the Local Storage 32.
- Transport Buffer (TB) 37 stores TS packets belonging to the audio stream.
- the Elementary Buffer (EB) 38 is a buffer in which PES packets constituting the audio stream are stored.
- the audio decoder 39 decodes the PES packet output from the Elementary Buffer 38 and outputs uncompressed audio data.
- Transport Buffer (TB) 40 stores TS packets belonging to the text subtitle stream.
- the Elementary Buffer (EB) 41 is a buffer in which PES packets constituting a text subtitle stream are stored.
- the text subtitle decoder 42 decodes the PES packet read by the knocker 41 and provides it for display. This decoding uses fonts read separately from Local Storage32. This is done by expanding the text string in the text subtitle stream into a bitmap. Text subtitles obtained by decoding are written to the Presentation Graphics plane 18.
- the scenario memory 43 is a memory for storing current PlayList information and current Clip information.
- the current PlayList information refers to the current PlayList information among a plurality of PlayList information recorded on the BD-ROM.
- the current Clip information is the currently processed object of the multiple pieces of Clip information recorded on the BD-ROM.
- the control unit 44 includes an instruction ROM and a CPU, and executes software stored in the instruction ROM to control the entire playback device.
- the content of this control dynamically changes according to a user event generated in response to a user operation and a set value of each PSR in the PSR set 46.
- the PSR set 46 is a non-volatile register built in the playback device.
- PSR Player Status Register
- GPR General Purpose Registers
- the 64 Player Status Registers (PSRs) indicate various states in the playback device, such as the current playback point.
- PSR (1) to (64) PSR (5) to PSR (8) indicate the current playback point.
- PSR (5) is a value from 1 to 999. Indicates the chapter number to which the current playback point belongs, and if set to OxFFFF, indicates to the playback device that the chapter number is invalid.
- PSR (6) when set to a value from 0 to 999, indicates the number of the PlayList (current PlayList) to which the current playback point belongs.
- PSR (7) when set to a value from 0 to 255, indicates the number of the PlayItem (hereinafter referred to as the current PI) to which the current playback point belongs.
- PSR (8) is set to a value between 0 and OxFFFFFF to indicate the current playback point (current PTM) using a time accuracy of 45 KHz.
- the Decoded Picture Buffer 10 stores a plurality of decoded pictures.
- Figure 19 shows , Decoded Picture
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the internal structure of BufferO, and as shown in this figure, a Decoded Picture BufferO stores reference pictures and non-reference pictures as decoded pictures.
- the reference pictures include short-term reference pictures and long-term reference pictures. Short-term reference pictures are stored in the FIFO area and are handled on a first-in first-out basis. On the other hand, long-term reference pictures are not stored in the FIFO area and are not handled on a first-in first-out basis.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a process in which the non-IDR I picture is decoded by the video decoder 8.
- the long-term reference picture and the short-term reference picture stored in the Decoded Picture Buffer 10 are referred to.
- Arrows rfl, ri2, rf3 in the figure schematically show references to short-time reference pictures, and arrows rf4, rf5, riB schematically show references to long-time reference pictures.
- FIG. 21 shows the stored contents of the Decoded Picture Buffer 10 when decoding the IDR picture.
- the control unit 44 controls the BD drive 1 and the video decoder 8 so as to execute double-speed reproduction and jump-in reproduction when reproducing a video stream in the MPEG4-AVC format.
- Double-speed playback can be realized by sequentially playing back I-pictures (including IDR pictures and Non-IDR I-pictures) among a plurality of pictures constituting a video stream.
- I-pictures including IDR pictures and Non-IDR I-pictures
- the position and size of the IDR picture and Non-IDR I picture are indicated in the entry point of the EP_map. Therefore, by reading and playing only the I picture or only the I picture in the video stream, 2 Special playback such as double speed and triple speed can be realized.
- jump playback includes time search and PL playback.
- Time search is a technology that accepts time information to play at "what time, minute, and second" and plays the video stream from the position corresponding to the specified playback start time.
- the control unit 44 performs a conversion process of converting the time information into an I picture address on the BD-ROM, and After obtaining the charge address, the TS packet after that address is also read from the BD-ROM, and the TS packet is sequentially input to the decoder.
- PL playback is a technique for playing a video stream from a position corresponding to In_time of PlayList information to a position corresponding to Out_time.
- FIG. 22 is a flowchart showing a procedure for converting time information into an I picture address.
- the time information indicating the jump position of the jump playback is expressed as In_time.
- In_time is set to PTS_EP_start, and in step S2,
- EP_High_id is EP_High indicating a point in time before In_time, and is an identifier for specifying the closest EP_High to In_time.
- EP owjd is an EP that indicates a point in time after EP_High [EP_Highjd] and before In_time, and is an identifier that identifies the closest thing to In_time.
- the control unit 44 adds up the time widths indicated by the PTS_EP_High of the plurality of EP_Highs.
- the time width indicated in PTS_EP_High is a unit of time in which PTS_EP_High is the upper bit. Then, it is determined at which EP_High_id the total power of the time width exceeds the 3 ⁇ 4_time.
- the value obtained by subtracting 1 from this k (k-1) is defined as EP_High_id
- the control unit 44 adds the time width indicated in the PTS_EP ⁇ ow of the plurality of EPsowow to the sum ⁇ ⁇ up to PTS_EP_High (EP_High_id). Then, it is determined in what number EP ⁇ owjd the total power of the time width exceeds 3 ⁇ 4_time.
- a value (h-1) obtained by subtracting 1 from h is defined as EP-Low-id.
- step S3 When EP ⁇ owjd is obtained in this way, the processing shifts to a loop processing consisting of steps S3 to S5.
- step S5 After substituting EP @ owjd for the variable j (step S3), a loop consisting of steps S4 to S5 is executed.
- step S5 is Yes
- the decrement of the variable j (step S4) is repeated until the judgment is made.
- This step S5 is to determine whether or not is_angle_change_point (PTS_EP ⁇ ow [j] .is_angle_change_point) of the Entry Point specified by the variable j is 1, and the Entry Point specified by the variable j As long as the is_angle_change_point of “0” continuously indicates “0”, this loop processing is repeatedly executed.
- step S5 When the is_angle_change_point of the Entry Point specified by the variable j becomes “1”, this loop processing ends.
- step S5 becomes Yes, the variable j is substituted into EP ⁇ owjd (step S6), and EP_High [i] having the closest o_EP ⁇ ow_id [i] to this EP ⁇ owjd is obtained (step S7). ).
- step S8 When EP ⁇ owjd and i are obtained in this way, SPN_EP_Start is obtained from SPN_EP ⁇ ow [EP ⁇ owjd] and SPN_EP_High [i] (step S8), and this SPN_EP_Start is converted to an I picture address (step S8). S9).
- the SPN is the serial number of the TS packet
- the TS packet is converted into one Aligned Unit for every 32 packets and recorded in three sectors, so the quotient is obtained by dividing the SPN by 32, and the quotient is obtained.
- the sector address of the Aligned Unit closest to the SPN can be obtained. Since the sector address obtained in this way is the relative sector number from the beginning of one AVClip file, the I picture can be read out to the video decoder 8 by setting this relative sector number as the file pointer and reading out the AVClip. .
- FIG. 23 is a flowchart showing a PL playback procedure by the control unit 44.
- the Playltem to be processed in this flowchart is Playltemfe.
- the current PlayList information (.mpls) is read (Step S101), and thereafter, Steps S102 to S102 are executed.
- Step S101 the current PlayList information
- Step S102 to S102 are executed.
- Steps S102 to SI10 constitute a loop process in which the processes of Steps S103 to S110 are repeated for each piece of PI information constituting the current PlayList information until Step S109 becomes Yes.
- the Playltem to be processed in this loop processing is called PlayItem # x (PI # x).
- This Playltemfe is initialized by being set to the first Playltem of the current PlayList (step S102).
- the termination requirement of the loop processing described above is that this Playltemfe becomes the last Playltem of the current PlayList (step S109), and if not the last Playltem, the next Playltem in the current PlayList is set to the Playltemfe ( Step S110).
- Steps S103 to S110 repeatedly executed in the loop processing include the following processing.
- the Clip information specified by the Clip_information_file_name of the Playltemfe is read into the memory (Step S103), and the In_time of the Playltemfe is converted into an I picture address u using the EPmap of the current Clip information (Step S104). This conversion is performed according to the flowchart in FIG. 22, and the address of the IDR picture is calculated as the I picture address.
- OuUime of Playltemfe is converted to I-picture address V using EP_map of current Clip information (step S 105).
- the OuUime conversion does not require the execution of the flowchart of FIG. 22, and the address of the closest I-picture may be calculated as the address V.
- the I picture next to the address V obtained by these conversions is obtained, and one immediately before that address is set to the address w (step S107), and the address w calculated in this way is used as a V,
- the BD-ROM drive 1 is instructed to read the TS packet from the I picture address u to the address w (step S108).
- the video decoder 8 is instructed to output from mark_time_stamp of the current PlayListMark to OuUime of the Playltemfe (step S106).
- the reproduction power S of the portion specified by the Playltemfe is performed in the AVClip.
- Playltemfe is the last PI of the current PlayList (step S109).
- step S109 it is determined whether Playltemfe is the last PI of the current PlayList.
- step S110 the next Playltem in the current PlayList is set to Playltemfe (step S110), and the process returns to step S103.
- the IDR picture is inserted into the video stream at a relatively long time interval of 15 minutes and 30 minutes. Therefore, it is possible to realize a special reproduction efficiency that does not greatly impair the advantages of the compression coding by MPEG4-AVC.
- the EP_map indicates an entry point in the AVClip
- the is_angle_change_point has been disclosed along with the data structure of EPjnap.
- an angle switching operation realized by an entry point and an exit point indicated by is_angle_change_point will be described.
- the angle switching operation is, as described in the first embodiment, an operation composed of “escape” from the currently reproduced AVClip and “enter” into another AVClip.
- a plurality of video powers that capture one subject from a plurality of camera angles, such as front, right, and left, are recorded as a plurality of AVClips.
- the reproduced video is switched, for example, the front force is to the right. Since the reproduced video can be changed so as to switch the camera angle, the operation consisting of “escape” and “enter” based on this change is called “angle switching”. Achieving powerful angle switching requires improvements to AVClip and PlayList information. PlayList information with improved angle switching The Playltem information of the report and a plurality of AVClips are called a multi-angle section.
- FIG. 24 shows an application layer layout for realizing a multi-angle section.
- the target multi-angle section is intended to switch between four angle images
- the multi-angle section has four
- AVClip (00001.m2ts, 00002.m2ts, 00003.m2ts, 00004.m2ts), one PlayList information (00001.mpls), and four Clip information (00001.clpi, 00002.clpi, 00003.clpi, 00004. clpi).
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing a data structure of PlayList information.
- the PlayItem information corresponding to the multi-angle section includes a part compatible with the normal PlayItem and an extension part for realizing the multi-angle section.
- the data structure of the compatible part is the same as that in FIG. 16, and includes “Clip—information—file—name”, “Slip—codec—identifier”, “IN—time”, and “OUT—time”.
- the AVClip specified in this compatible part is treated as the first angle section, so that the playback device that can not support the multi-angle section (the playback device that can only support the data structure of BD-RE, Even if the (device) reads a PlayItem that supports multi-angle sections, it is possible to reproduce the first angle section by referencing only this compatible part and playing back. Consists of “is—multi—angles”, “number—of—angles”, “is—seamless—angle—change”, and “Anglef [2] [3] ⁇ • [j]”.
- Is_multi_angles indicates whether the playback section corresponding to this PlayItem is a multi-angle section or a non-angle section.
- Is_seamless_angle_change indicates the power of a roll intended for seamless angle switching. Whether seamless angle switching is intended depends on whether or not the AVClip force is the force recorded by interleaved recording described later. Therefore, if recorded by interleaved recording, “is_seamless_angle_change” is set to on, and if not recorded, “is_seamless_angle_change” is set to off.
- Angle information [2] ⁇ ⁇ '[j] is used for each angle section in the multi-angle section. Including "Clip-Information-file-name” and "Clip-codec-identified”.
- “Clip_Information_file_name [angle_id]” describes the file name of the AVClip that forms the angle section.
- Clip-codec-identifier [angle-id] indicates the encoding method in the AVClip of the file name described in Clip-Information-file-name of the 7th book.
- the angle information includes In_time and Out_time. This is because the start and end points of the PlayItem are specified by the In_time and Out_time existing in the compatible part in the second and subsequent angle sections. Therefore, the angle information
- the playback time must be the same as the AVClip specified by Clip_Information_file_name. Also, on the AVClip playback time axis, the values of the time stamps (System Time Clock) that specify the individual playback timings must be exactly the same.
- the compatible part and the extended part of the Playltem information have a Clip_Information_file_name! /, So that the playback section can be specified collectively for a plurality of AVClips.
- FIG. 26 (a) is a diagram showing a batch specification made by four Clip_Information_file_names of Playltem information.
- the first to fourth stages are four AVClip time axes.
- AVClip force constituting a multi-angle section is divided and recorded on a BD-ROM will be described.
- AVClip is divided into multiple extents
- An extent is one division on the BD-ROM recorded in a continuous area on the BD-ROM, and is also called a segment.
- AVClip # l to AVClip # 4 shown in Fig. 24 are moving image data shot from four angles. It is assumed that In this case, AVClip # l ⁇ # 4
- AVClip # l.l / 5 AVClip # 1.2 / 5
- AVClip # 1.4 / 5 AVClip # 1.5 / 5
- AVClip # 2 AVClip #
- AVClip # 3.l / 5 AVClip # 3.2 / 5, AVClip # 3.3 / 5, AVClip # 3.4 / 5, AVClip # 3.5 / 5 AVClip # 4/5 are divided into five extents.
- FIG. 26 (b) is a diagram in which the extents constituting each AVClip are described on the PlayList time axis.
- the five extents that make up each AVClip are located in the same playback time zone. That is, AVclip # l.l / 5, AVclip # 2.1 / 5, AVclip # 3.1 / 5, and AVclip # 4.1 / 5 are located in the same time zone.
- AVclip # 1.2 / 5, AVclip # 2.2 / 5, AVclip # 3.2 / 5, AVclip # 4.2 / 5, AVclip # 1.3 / 5, AVclip # 2.3 / 5, AVclip # 3.3 / 5, AVclip # 4.3 / 5 is in the same time zone
- the extents constituting these four AVClips are interleaved and recorded on the BD-ROM by! /.
- the interleaved recording means that divided portions obtained by dividing a plurality of files are alternately recorded.
- FIG. 26 (b) The extent shown in FIG. 26 (b) is interleaved and recorded on the BD-ROM as shown in FIG. 27 (a).
- FIG. 27 (a) shows an allocation image of how the four AVClip powers constituting the multi-angle section are arranged on the D-ROM. Assuming that each of the four AVClips is composed of five extents, the five components of each AVClip The first of the split parts
- AVClip # l.l / 5, AVClip # 1.2 / 5. AVClip # 3.1 / 5, AVClip # 4.1 / 5) are recorded together. These AVClip # l.l / 5 to AVClip # 4.1 / 5 are a part of the AVClip to be reproduced in the same time zone. In this way, extents to be reproduced during the same time period are collected and continued.
- AVClip # l and the extents forming AVClip # 2 appear alternately.
- AVClip # ll / 5 and AVClip # 2.1 / 5 are read together, AVClip # ll / 5 or AVClip # 2.1 / 5 can be selectively decoded. Thereby, the angle switching exemption according to the user operation is realized.
- the AVClip is divided using the positions corresponding to the entry point and the exit point shown in the first embodiment as division boundaries. Therefore, the start position of the divided part is the entry point, and the end position is the exit point.
- the divided components starting at the entry point and ending at the exit point are alternately arranged, so that escape from one AVClip and approach to another AVClip are suitably performed.
- FIG. 27 (b) shows an internal configuration of a divided part forming an AVClip. As shown in this figure, at the beginning of the extent (or inside the first video data), the Access Unit
- AUD Delimiter
- IDR picture that is a complete Access Unit.
- the length of one extent must not be less than the specified length. If this length is too short, buffer underflow may occur when reading from the BD-ROM! /.
- One extent may have two or more IDR pictures at the entry point. However, the length from the last IDR picture in one extent to the end of the extent must not be less than the above-mentioned predetermined length.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram showing the concept of how to determine the continuous length of extents. Entry Points #l to # 5 in this diagram are
- is_angle_change_point is set to 1,0,1,0,1 respectively.
- the length from Entry Point # 5 to the end of the extent must not be less than the specified length.
- FIG. 29 shows the allocation of extents on a BD-ROM and the relationship between these extents.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the Entry Point settings to be associated with each other. The hatched part in the drawing indicates an Access Unit Delimiter of an I picture (IDR picture, Non-IDR I picture) located at the head of each extent constituting AVClip # 2. Not only AVClip # 2,
- I-pictures IDR pictures and Non-IDR I-pictures
- the multiple extents (AVclip # 2.1 / 5, AVclip # 2.2 / 5, AVclip # 2.3 / 5, AVclip # 2.4 / 5, AVclip # 2.5 / 5) that make up AVClip # 2
- the EP_map of the Clip information corresponding to AVClip # 2 has five Entry Points of Entry Point # 1, # 2, # 3, # 4, # 5.
- AVClip #l, # 2, # 3, # 4, and # 5 can escape and enter at the boundary between the end of each extent and the beginning of the extent, so that seamless angle switching is possible. Will be possible.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram showing a relationship between a plurality of values that can be set for the PSR (3) and Playltem and Clip information.
- the left side of the figure shows a plurality of values (1 to 4) that PSR (3) can take.
- Playltem information Nio, Te to in compatible portion LIP-information- file- name force 21 Tasho is, the Clip- information- file- for name, Re himself predicate ⁇ ⁇
- the file name OOOOl.clpi will be read to the Clip information memory. Then, the Entry Point in the Clip information is referred to, and the AVClip (00001.m2ts) is reproduced.
- Tooth lip- information- file- name force 21 Tasho is, in this Clip- information- file- name, will be read out to the Clip information force the memory of his own predicates Re Fei ⁇ Ru file name 00002.clpi. Then, the Entry Point in the Clip information is referred to, and the AVClip (00002.m2ts) is reproduced.
- Tooth lip- information- file- name force 21 Tasho is, in this Clip- information- file- name, will be read out to the Clip information force the memory of his own predicates Re Fei ⁇ Ru file name 00004.clpi. Then, the Entry Point in the Clip information is referred to, and the AVClip (00004.m2ts) is reproduced. Subsequently, a processing procedure of the control unit 44 based on the Playltem information of FIG. 25 will be described.
- FIG. 31 is a flowchart showing a PlayList information reproducing procedure according to the second embodiment.
- step S103 is replaced with steps SI11 to S114.
- the memory reads out the Clip information described in the Clip_information_file_name (step SI13). Then, the BD-ROM drive 1 is controlled so as to read TS packets from the In_time to the Out_time of the PlayItem (steps S104 to S108).
- step S112 If the set value of the PSR (3) is equal to or greater than V force ⁇ (step S112 Yes), in Playltemfe, the Clip information specified by the V-th angle information V.Clip_Information_file_name is read out to the memory (step S112). S 114). Then, the BD-ROM drive 1 is controlled so as to read the TS bucket from the In_time to the Out_time of the PlayItem (steps S104 to S108). As described above, by selectively accessing different AVClips according to the set value of PSR (3), selective reproduction of the angle section is realized.
- FIG. 32 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of a disk reading process for a multi-angle section.
- the current address is the address of the current reading destination by the optical pickup.
- the current extent means the extent that is the read destination by the current address.
- the current angle means the angle video that is currently played in the multi-angle section.
- Steps S50 to S52 are a main loop in the present flowchart. This loop process repeats the process of updating the current address to the next address (step S50).
- Step S51 is to determine whether or not the angle has been switched.
- Step S52 is for judging whether or not the current address has become the end address of the current extent. All TS packets that make up one extent are read and If the client address reaches the end of the extent, this step S52 becomes Yes.
- Step S52 When the force becomes Wes, the processing of steps S55 to S57 is executed.
- FIG. 33 is a diagram showing reading from the BD-ROM when the angle video A is reproduced. .
- the five extents (AVclip # ll / 5, AVclip # 1.2 / 5, AVclip # 1.3 / 5, AVclip # 2.4 / 5, AVclip # 1.5 / 5) that constitute AVClip # l are sequentially read out. I have.
- FIG. 34 is a diagram showing reading from the BD-ROM when an angle video switching operation is performed.
- AVClip # 1.2 / 5 is read out of the five extents constituting AVClip # l, and an operation intended for an angle switching operation is performed by the user in the middle of reading (Yes in step S51). Thereby, the preparation flag is set to 1 (step S54).
- This operation intends to switch from the angle video corresponding to AVClip # 1 to the angle video corresponding to AVClip # 2. Since the switching operation has been performed during the reading of AVclip # 1.2 / 5, it is specified as the AVclip # 2.3 / 5 output extent dst as the extent to be reproduced in the next time zone after the switching (step S58).
- FIG. 35 is a diagram showing reading from the BD-ROM when an angle video switching operation is performed. It is assumed that an operation intended for an angle switching operation is performed by the user while AVclip # ll / 5 is being read out of the five extents constituting AVClip # l (Yes in step S51). Thereby, the preparation flag is set to 1 (step S54). Since the switching operation was performed during the reading of AVclip # ll / 5, if the reading of AVclip # 1.2 / 5 was performed, AVclip # 2.2 / 5 would be used as the extent to be reproduced in the next time zone after the switching. / 5 is specified as the extent dst (step S58).
- step S60 is_angle_change_point in Entry Point # 2 of this AVClip # 2 is referred to (step S60).
- step S52 it is determined whether the preparation flag is 1 or not (step S55). .
- the preparation flag is set to 1
- AVclip # 2.3 / 5 which is the extent dst, is set as the current extent (step S61), the address of the Access Unit Delimiter at the beginning of the current extent is set as the current address (step S62), and AVClip # Set 2 to indicate PSR (3) (step S64).
- AVclip # 2.3 / 5, AVclip # 2.4 / 5, and AVclip # 2.5 / 5 that constitute AVClip # 2 are read.
- the period during which switching to AVclip # 2.3 / 5 is possible is until playback of the extent (AVclip # 1.3 / 5) of AVclip #l located in the same time zone on the PlayList time axis starts. . That is, if the reproduction of the extent (AVclip # 1.3 / 5) located in the same time zone is started, the reproduction switching to AVclip # 1.3 / 5 can no longer be realized.
- the head of a plurality of extents constituting an AVClip is indicated by an Entry Point, and by referring to the is_angle_change_point of this Entry Point, the angle video of the switching destination is constructed. You can immediately know which of the multiple extents that can be the entry point. Since the approach point power thus obtained can also supply the IDR picture, even if the video stream is encoded by MPEG4-AVC, a smooth switching of the angle can be realized. . (Third Embodiment)
- the first embodiment has proposed an improvement for efficiently performing jump playback when IDR pictures are placed every 15 minutes or 30 minutes.
- the third embodiment proposes IDR picture selection, which is to select an IDR picture among a plurality of pictures constituting a video stream. In other words, when determining the encoding conditions, which picture should be the IDR picture, an optimal selection is proposed.
- MPEG4-AVC format video stream
- PlayList information It is multiplexed to MPEG4-AVC and is referred to by PlayList information via Clip information.
- the selection of the IDR picture in the present embodiment takes into account the nature of the PlayList information.
- FIG. 36 is a diagram showing the internal structure of PlayList information according to the third embodiment.
- the PlayList information of this figure differs from the second embodiment in that a plurality of PLMarks (# 1 to #n) are added.
- the IDR picture selection according to the present embodiment is nothing less than an improvement that makes PL playback of PlayList information having such a data structure more efficient.
- the PLmark information (PLmarkO) in Fig. 36 is information for specifying an arbitrary section on the PL time axis as a chapter point. As shown in the lead line pml in FIG. 36, the PLmark information is “re. _PlayItem_Id ”and“ mark_time_stamp ”.
- FIG. 37 is a diagram showing a chapter definition based on PLmark information. In the figure, the first row shows the AVClip time axis, and the second row shows the PL time axis. Arrows pkl, 2 in the figure indicate Playltem designation (re-play o_PlayItem_Id) and temporary point designation (mark_time_stamp) in the PLmark information. With these specifications, three chapters (Chapter # l, # 2, # 3) are defined on the PL time axis. This is the description of PLmark! /
- Fig. 38 is a diagram showing the contents of the video stream and the EPjnap settings of the portion specified by Playltem # l in the PlayList information.
- In_time of Playltem # l indicates the time point of t2 on the time axis
- the picture corresponding to t2 is encoded into an IDR picture.
- PlayList # l can be reproduced by reading out the picture after In_time of Playltem # l.
- Fig. 39 shows a picture sequence specified in Playltem # 2 among the picture sequences in the video stream. Show.
- the picture specified by the In_time of Playltem # l is an IDR picture, whereas the picture specified by the In_time of Playltem # 2 does not have to be an IDR picture! /. That is, among the plurality of Playltem information constituting the PlayList information, for the Playltems other than the first one, there is no need to encode the picture specified by In_time into an IDR picture.
- IDR pictures need to be placed in In_time of Playltem # 2 and In_time of Playltem # 3 Because there is no.
- the number of IDR pictures to be placed can be reduced.
- MPEG4-AVC format video streams can be compressed at high compression rates.
- the In_time in the first Playltem has no preceding picture, so when reproducing from the In_time in the first Playltem, a reference picture is obtained in the Decoded Picture BufferlO. Can not. Therefore, the picture specified by In_time in the first Playltem must be encoded as an IDR picture.
- Fig. 40 shows a picture sequence designated by Playltem # 3 in a picture stream in a video stream.
- the picture specified by the In_time of Playltem # 3 may not be an IDR picture.
- those specified by PLMark # 3 are also encoded into IDR pictures. In this way, the reference picture is not needed when playing back from the chapter, Reproduction based on PLMark information is suitably performed.
- the above is the improvement of the recording medium according to the present embodiment. Subsequently, an improvement of the playback device according to the present embodiment will be described.
- the playback control procedure based on PlayList information is the same as that shown in the first embodiment, and performs playback based on PlayList information through the procedure of converting In_time and OuUime of PlayList information into I-picture addresses.
- the picture specified by In_time of the first Playltem information is an IDR picture, and this IDR picture is
- the playback device of the present embodiment can read an IDR picture to a video corresponding to In_time only by reading the BD-ROM force without searching for an Entry Point that is closest to In_time and indicates a point in time. This can be supplied to the decoder 8, and high-speed PL playback can be achieved. Also, since the chapter is defined by the PLMark information, the playback device according to the present embodiment executes a chapter search function and a chapter skip function using PlayList information. Chapter search function is described in PLMark information
- the Playltem information corresponding to the ref_to_PlayItem_Id is specified from among the plurality of Playltem information, and the AVClip in which the specified Playltem information is defined performs the jump playback from the position indicated by the mark_time_stamp described in the PLMark information.
- the control unit 44 specifies an Entry Point having a PTS_EP_start closest to the mark_time_stamp described in the PLMark information from among the plurality of Entry Points, and determines an I-picture address corresponding to the SPN_EP_start of the specified Entry Point. Playback from.
- the chapter skip specifies PLMark information that specifies a chapter immediately before or immediately after the chapter corresponding to the current playback position, and executes a chapter search for the PLMark information.
- FIG. 41 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the chapter search.
- Step S124 a chapter selection in the chapter menu is waited for (Step S124), and if a chapter is selected, the PLMark information corresponding to the selected chapter is set as a current PlayListMark (Step S125).
- step SI 26 the PI described in the o_PlayItem_Id of the current PlayListMark is set to Playltemfe, and in step S127, the Clip information specified by the Clip jnformation_file_name of Playltemfe is read.
- step S128 using the EP_map of the current Clip information,
- step S129 the OuUime of Playltemfe is converted to an I-picture address V using the EP_map of the current Clip information.
- step S130 the output of the current PlayListMark from the mark-time-stamp to the Playltemffx's Out-time is commanded to the Presentation Engine.
- the I-picture addresses u and v are changed to instruct another part to be reproduced, and the process proceeds to step S107 in FIG. 23, so that TS packets are read from another AVClip, and the video content is Switching is realized.
- FIG. 42 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the chapter skip process.
- step S131 the system waits for an operation on the SkipNext key and the SkipBack key on the remote controller. If the operation is performed, step S132 is executed. In step S132, it is determined whether the pressed key is the SkipNext key or the SkipBack key. If the key is the SkipBack key, the direction flag is set to ⁇ 1 in step S133. In step S134, the direction flag is set to +1. [0130] In step S135, a number obtained by adding the value of the direction flag to the number of the current PlayListMark is set as the number of the current PlayListMark. If the key is a SkipNext key, the direction flag is set to +1 and the current PlayListMark is incremented.
- the direction flag is set to -1 !, so the current PlayListMark is decremented. If the PLMark information is set in this way, the TS packets are read out by executing the processing procedure of steps S126 to S130 as in FIG.
- the IDR picture can be supplied to the video decoder 8 by reading the picture after the SPN position indicated in the Entry Point.
- the IDR picture is set as the IDR picture, so that it is not necessary to search for the IDR picture from the In_time of Playltem or the chapter position of PLMark information. By omitting such a search, it is possible to achieve high-speed playback control using PlayList information.
- the embodiment of the present invention can also be carried out in the form of an implementation action in which (A), (B), (C), and (D) are changed.
- Each invention according to the claims of the present application is described as an expanded description or a generalized description of the above-described plurality of embodiments and their modifications. The degree of extension or generalization is based on the state of the art in the technical field of the present invention at the time of filing.
- the recording medium according to the present invention is implemented as a BD-ROM.
- the recording medium of the present invention is characterized by EPjnap to be recorded. It does not depend on physical properties. Any recording medium that can record EPjnap may be used.
- It may be an optical disk such as DVD-ROM, DVD-RAM, DVD-RW, DVD-R, DVD + RW, DVD + R, CD-R, or CD-RW, or a magneto-optical disk such as PD or MO.
- a semiconductor memory card such as a compact flash card (registered trademark), a smart media, a memory stick, a multimedia card, a PCM-CIA card, or the like may be used.
- Flexible disk, magnetic disk such as SuperDisk, Zip, Clik !, etc. (0, ORB, Jaz, SparQ, SyJet, EZFley, removable drive such as microdrive, etc. (ii). It may be a type hard disk.
- the playback device in all the embodiments is configured such that the AVClip recorded on the BD-ROM is decoded and then output to the TV, and the playback device is only a BD-ROM drive. Elements may be included in the TV. In this case, the playback device and the TV can be incorporated in a home network connected by IEEE1394.
- the playback device in the embodiment may be a playback device integrated with a force display that has been used by being connected to a television.
- the system LSI integrated circuit
- the digital stream in each embodiment may be a DVD-Video standard or a DVD-Video Recording standard VOB (Video Object), which was an AVClip of the BD-ROM standard.
- VOB is a program stream conforming to the ISO / IEC13818-1 standard obtained by multiplexing a video stream and an audio stream.
- the video stream in AVClip may be of the MPEG4 or WMV format.
- the audio stream Linear-PCM, Dolby-AC3, MP3, MPEG-AAC, and dts.
- a picture specified by In_time of all Playltem information of PlayList information may be encoded into an IDR picture.
- the recording medium and the reproducing apparatus according to the present invention may be used for personal use as in a home theater system.
- the internal configuration of the present invention is disclosed in the above embodiment, and it is clear that mass production is performed based on the internal configuration, the recording medium and the reproducing apparatus according to the present invention can be used in the field of industrial product production. Or can be used. From this, the recording medium and the reproducing apparatus according to the present invention have industrial applicability.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a mode of use of a recording medium according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an internal configuration of a BD-ROM.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a file to which an extension .m2ts is added.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the process by which TS packets constituting an AVClip are written to a BD-ROM.
- FIG. 5 (a) is a diagram showing a plurality of pictures arranged in a display order. (b) It is a figure which shows the GOP structure of the video stream shown to (a).
- FIG. 6 (a) is a diagram showing an internal configuration of a Closed-GOP in a display order and a coding order. (B) It is a figure showing the internal composition of Open-GOP.
- FIG. 7 (a) is a diagram showing the internal structure of an IDR picture.
- (b) A diagram showing the internal structure of a Non-IDR I picture.
- (C) is a diagram illustrating a dependency relationship in a Non-IDR I picture.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a dependency relationship that may have non-IDR I picture power.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a process of converting an IDR picture and a Non-IDR I picture into a TS packet.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an internal structure of Clip information.
- FIG. 11 (a) Stream—Coding—Info about a video stream is shown. (B) Indicates Stream_Coding_Info for audio stream.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the concept of entering an AVClip and exiting from an AVClip.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing EPjnap settings for the video stream in FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an enlargement of a reading range during jump play.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the structure of PlayList information.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the relationship between AVClips and PlayList information.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an internal configuration of a playback device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an internal configuration of Decoded Picture Buffer 10.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a process in which a Non-IDR I picture is decoded by a video decoder 8.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the stored contents of a Decoded Picture Buffer when decoding an IDR picture.
- FIG. 22 is a flowchart showing a conversion procedure for converting In_time into an I picture address.
- FIG. 23 is a flowchart showing a PL playback procedure by a control unit 44.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram showing an application layer layout for realizing a multi-angle section.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing a data structure of PlayList information.
- FIG. 26 (a) is a diagram showing a batch specification made by four Clip_Information_file_names of Playltem information.
- (b) is a diagram in which extents constituting each AVClip are described on a PlayList time axis.
- FIG. 27 (a) A diagram showing an allocation image of how four AVClips constituting a multi-angle section are arranged on a BD-ROM. (B) It is a figure which shows the internal structure of the division part which comprises an AVClip.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram showing a concept of how to determine a continuous length of an extent.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an Entry Point setting in association with the Entry Point setting.
- FIG. 30 A relationship between a plurality of values that can be set in PSR (3) and Playltem and Clip information
- Fig. 31 is a flowchart showing a PlayList information playback procedure according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 32 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of a disk reading process for a multi-angle section.
- Fig. 33 is a diagram showing reading of a BD-ROM when an angle image A is reproduced.
- FIG. 34 is a diagram showing reading of BD-ROM power when an angle video switching operation is performed.
- FIG. 35 is a diagram showing reading of BD-ROM power when an angle video switching operation is performed.
- FIG. 36 is a diagram showing the internal structure of PLmark information.
- FIG. 37 is a diagram showing a chapter definition by PLmark.
- Fig. 38 is a diagram illustrating the content of a video stream and the EP_map setting of a part specified by Playltem # l in PlayList information.
- FIG. 39 is a diagram showing a picture sequence designated by Playltem # 2 in a picture stream in a video stream.
- FIG. 40 is a diagram showing a picture sequence designated by Playltem # 3 in a picture stream in a video stream.
- FIG. 41 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of a chapter search.
- FIG. 42 is a flowchart showing the procedure of a chapter skip process.
- Video decoder 8 10 Decoded Picture Buffer 10 11 Video plane 11
Abstract
Description
Claims
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MXPA06011814A MXPA06011814A (es) | 2004-04-16 | 2005-04-15 | Medio de grabacion, dispositivo y programa de reproduccion. |
JP2006512392A JP4249224B2 (ja) | 2004-04-16 | 2005-04-15 | 再生装置、及び記録方法 |
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US12/830,526 US8521002B2 (en) | 2004-04-16 | 2010-07-06 | Recording medium, reproduction device, program and method |
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- 2005-04-15 CN CNB2005800197381A patent/CN100544419C/zh active Active
- 2005-04-15 TW TW094112060A patent/TWI405466B/zh active
- 2005-04-15 CN CN2009101657471A patent/CN101673574B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2005-04-15 JP JP2006512392A patent/JP4249224B2/ja active Active
- 2005-04-15 KR KR1020067023751A patent/KR101129142B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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2008
- 2008-05-22 JP JP2008134126A patent/JP4750823B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MXPA06011814A (es) | 2006-12-15 |
US20100272412A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 |
JP4249224B2 (ja) | 2009-04-02 |
TWI405466B (zh) | 2013-08-11 |
TW200605667A (en) | 2006-02-01 |
EP1746826A1 (en) | 2007-01-24 |
KR101129142B1 (ko) | 2012-03-26 |
JPWO2005101828A1 (ja) | 2008-03-06 |
US8521002B2 (en) | 2013-08-27 |
CN1969548A (zh) | 2007-05-23 |
CN101673574A (zh) | 2010-03-17 |
JP2008295048A (ja) | 2008-12-04 |
CN100544419C (zh) | 2009-09-23 |
JP4750823B2 (ja) | 2011-08-17 |
US7778521B2 (en) | 2010-08-17 |
EP1746826A4 (en) | 2010-04-21 |
US20070274679A1 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
KR20070015576A (ko) | 2007-02-05 |
CN101673574B (zh) | 2013-03-06 |
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