WO2005099348A2

WO2005099348A2 - Cooling system

Info

Publication number: WO2005099348A2
Application number: PCT/IB2005/051209
Authority: WO
Inventors: Mohamad Ahmad
Original assignee: Mohamad Ahmad
Priority date: 2004-04-13
Filing date: 2005-04-13
Publication date: 2005-10-27
Also published as: WO2005099348A3

Abstract

This invention enables cooling using a new technique different from the classical methods, resulting in the elimination of the drawbacks that the current cooling systems experience as well as reducing the energy consumption.

Description

Description Cooling System Technical Field

[I] Cooling or Refrigeration. Background Art [2] Currently, cooling is done using mechanical compressors as well as specific gases such as Freon (Fluorocarbons). Disclosure of Invention Technical Problem [3] Currently available are refrigeration systems utilizing mechanical compressors as well as particular gases such as Freon. Technical Solution [4] This invention on the other hand is a refrigeration device which uses a non mechanical compressor and non fluorocarbonic gases as well as not requiring a radiator to release heat produced by the compression of the gas or otherwise. Advantageous Effects [5] Cooling in a new way resulting in:

[6] 1- Reduction of the energy required for the cooling operation.

[7] 2- Usage of gases non harmful to the Ozone layer.

[8] 3- The relative quietness during operation.

[9] 4- Elimination of the need for a heat radiator as in other cooling devices.

[10] 5- Elimination of the need to put part of the device outside as in some air conditioners. Description of Drawings

[II] The invention is created as follows:

[12] Prepare the invention components, which are: 1. Water electrolyzer with the following specific ations : 1. Can withstand a pressure of 1500 Bar (or more or less as suitable) 2. Can be closed tightly. 3. Contains special openings for connecting or fitting valves and gas pipes. 4. Contains special openings for connecting or fitting pressure and water level sensors. 5. Contains a safety valve or more to release any gas the pressure of which exceeds the allowed level.

2. Fuel Cells to produce electricity from the gases produced by the electrolyzer. The fuel cells should be suitable in size and efficiency to eliminate the possibility of explosion or congestion in the gas pipes. 3. A suitable rechargeable battery. 4. Suitable radiators to cool the required medium (air, water ...etc.) 5. A control board. 6. Water tank. 7. Pipes, valves, pressure sensors and water level sensors suitable for the size of the device and gas pressure. 8. Pipes, valves, pressure sensors and water level sensors suitable for the size of the device and gas pressure. 9. Water containing a suitable chemical compound to enable it to be electrolyzed time after time.

Connect the components together as in fig. 2. Best Mode

[13] Table (1)

[14]

[15] Beginning of Operation and Continuance: 1. The water tank is filled with water. 2. DC current is supplied to the control board and the operation key is switched on. 3. The control board senses that electricity is not running between the electrolyzer poles (due to the absence of the water), and the pressure sensors transmit a low pressure as well as the water sensors send a signal of low or no presence of water. All these signals are passed on to the control board. 4. The control board sends a signal to open valve number 1 to let the water flow in to the electrolyzer and sends another signal to valves 2 and 3 to open them in order to let water or gases be released from the electrolyzer chamber. 5. Two sensors detect the level of water in the electrolyzer and the upper sensor sends a signal to the control board once the electrolyzer chamber is full of water. 6. The control board closes off valves 1, 2 and 3. 7. Electricity is supplied to the electrolyzer and the water starts decomposing into Hydrogen and Oxygen. 8. The electrolysis process continued until the required pressure is reached or a low water level is detected. 9. The control board (which continually monitors the sensors) partially opens valves 2 and 3 to let the gases flow through the radiator pipes. 10. When the two gases are released from the electrolyzer and flow in the radiator pipes, their pressure reduces considerably resulting in a significant temperature drop in the radiator pipes. 11. The fans push the air or water (or the medium that is being cooled) through the radiator in order to increase the speed of heat transfer. 12. After flowing in the radiators, the gases are fed to the fuel cells. 13. The fuel cells convert the two gases to water releasing electrical energy which is fed to the battery to recharge it while the water is supplied to the water tank. 14. The control board monitors the gases pressure as well as the water level and does one of the following operations depending on the sensors signals {Lookup table 1) 15. Steps 3 to 14 are repeated until the operation switch is turned off. The control board remains connected to electricity. 16. When the operation key is turned off, the control board sends a signal to close valves 1, 2 and 3 to maintain the pressure until the operation key is turned on again.

2. Re-Operating the Invention: 1. The operation key is turned on. 2. Depending on the sensors signals, the control board will go to one of the following steps {Lookup table 2)

3. Disassembly or Transportation: In case it is needed to transport or disassemble the invention, the electrolyzer should be emptied of the gases, and the following steps should be followed: 1. The drain key is turned on. 2. The control board ends the current session of operation (steps 3 to 13). 3. The control board sends a signal to valve number 1 to guarantee its closure. 4. The control board switches electricity off all the components and emits a sound or light or duel signals to indicate the end of the drainage operation. 5. Electricity is disconnected. 6. The invention can now be disassembled or transported. It should be noted that a small or trivial amount of gas and water will remain in the electrolyzer.

Theoretical Calculations

[16] According to Gay Lussac's law:

[17] P1T2=P2T1

[18] The device works under a pressure of no more than 1000 Bar and no less than 1 bar.

[19] The average pressure is 500 Bar, and following is the temperature calculation of the gas after being released from this pressure inside the electrolyzer chamber as follows: [20] (Calculations will be based on room conditions: 25° C = 298° K, Pressure = Normal Atmospheric Pressure = 101325 Pascal) [21] 50,000,000 x T2 = 101325 x 298

[22] T2 = 0.603897 °K

[23] T2 = -272.5461 °C

[24] i.e. temperature = -272.5461 below water freezing point.

[25] As for the amount of the electricity being consumed, then it can be calculated as follows: [26] T = E + L - R

[27] T = Total amount of consumed electricity.

[28] E = Amount of electricity consumed by the electrolysis process.

[29] L = Losses due to resistance and others.

[30] R = Recovered electricity by fuel cells.

[31] Fuel cells recover approximately 80 % of the electrical energy consumed by the electrolysis process. Therefore we conclude: [32] T = E + L - (0.8 x E)

[33] And we have:

[34] T = 0.2 E + L

[35] This is a relatively small amount. Industrial Applicability

[36] 1. The invention can be used to obtain very good refrigeration through low power consumption. 2. Storage and supply of energy. 3. Storage and supply of Hydrogen and Oxygen. 4. Storage and supply of other gas or gases. Notes

[37] 1. When the operation key is switched off, electricity remains connected to the control board. 2. Important: When valves 2 and 3 open partially in step number 9 of ' Beginning of Operation and Continuance', the opening of the Oxygen valve should be adjusted to the point where at the same time the amount of the released Oxygen equals half of the amount of released Hydrogen. 3. No volumes were specified as the invention size can be small or large according to requirements. 4. The invention is to be built using any combination of suitable material so as to ensure its rigidity and provide safety to the operators.

5. Two or more radiators as well as more than one electrolyzer can be used according to the required size of the invention and the refrigeration speed and power.

6. The fuel cells speed and ability to convert all of the Hydrogen and Oxygen to water must exceed the speed at which the gases are released from the electrolyzer. This is important in order to eliminate the possibility of an explosion or congestion in the gas pipes.

7. The fuel cells are placed higher than the water tank in order to allow the water to flow without the need for a pump.

Claims

[1] A refrigeration system comprising of: • A storage tank. • Water in the storage tank. • A constituent is added to the water to guarantee the occurrence of the electrolysis. • A pipe or means for the water to flow from the storage tank to the electrolyzer. ■ The pipe is connected to the electrolyzer. • A flow sensor to sense the flow of water the electrolyzer. • A valve to control the flow of water to the electrolyzer. • An electrolyzer to generate Hydrogen and Oxygen equipped with a safety valve or more, and equipped with gas release valves that are controlled by the control board, and also equipped with sensors for the water level and gas or gases pressure which send their signals to the control board. • The electrolyzer is tightly closed and can withstand high pressure up to 1500 Bar or more or less as required. • A pipe or means to guide or lead the gases from the electrolyzer to the radiator. • A radiator for each gas. • A pipe or means to guide or lead the gases from the radiator to fuel cell. • A fuel cell to obtain electrical energy from the gases • The fuel cell may also output or supply water. • Cables or wires to conduct the electricity from the fuel cell to a battery or power supply outlet or means. • A pipe or means for the water to flow from the fuel cell to the storage tank. • An energy source such as a battery or other. • Cables or wires to conduct the electricity from the source to the control board. • A control board. • Cables or wires to conduct the electricity from the control board to the electrolyzer. • Wires or means to pass the control signals from the control board to the valves. - Wires or means to pass the signals from

[2] An energy storage and re-supply system comprising of: • A storage tank. • Water in the storage tank. • A constituent is added to the water to guarantee the occurrence of the electrolysis. • A pipe or means for the water to flow from the storage tank to the electrolyzer. • The pipe is connected to the electrolyzer. • A flow sensor to sense the flow of water the electrolyzer. • A valve to control the flow of water to the electrolyzer. • An electrolyzer to generate Hydrogen and Oxygen equipped with a safety valve or more, and equipped with gas release valves that are controlled by the control board, and also equipped with sensors for the water level and gas or gases pressure which send their signals to the control board. • The electrolyzer is tightly closed and can withstand high pressure up to 1500 Bar or more or less as required. • A pipe or means to guide or lead the gases from the electrolyzer to the radiator. • A radiator for each gas. • A pipe or means to guide or lead the gases from the radiator to fuel cell. • A fuel cell to obtain electrical energy from the gases • The fuel cell may also output or supply water. • Cables or wires to conduct the electricity from the fuel cell to a battery or power supply outlet or means. • A pipe or means for the water to flow from the fuel cell to the storage tank. • An energy source such as a battery or other. • Cables or wires to conduct the electricity from the source to the control board. • A control board. • Cables or wires to conduct the electricity from the control board to the electrolyzer. • Wires or means to pass the control signals from the control board to the valves. • Wires or means to pass the signals from the sensors to the control board.

[3] A Hydrogen and Oxygen supply system comprising of: • A storage tank. • Water in the storage tank. • A constituent is added to the water to guarantee the occurrence of the electrolysis. • A pipe or means for the water to flow from the storage tank to the electrolyzer. • The pipe is connected to the electrolyzer. • A flow sensor to sense the flow of water the electrolyzer. • A valve to control the flow of water to the electrolyzer. • An electrolyzer to generate Hydrogen and Oxygen equipped with a safety valve or more, and equipped with gas release valves that are controlled by the control board, and also equipped with sensors for the water level and gas or gases pressure which send their signals to the control board. • The electrolyzer is tightly closed and can withstand high pressure up to 1500 Bar or more or less as required. • A pipe or means to guide or lead the gases from the electrolyzer to the radiator. • A radiator for each gas. • A pipe or means to guide or lead the gas or gases from the radiator to a storage or treatment facility. • A storage or treatment facility to store or handle the gas or gases in any required means. • An energy source such as a battery or other. • Cables or wires to conduct the electricity from the source to the control board. • A control board. • Cables or wires to conduct the electricity from the control board to the electrolyzer. • Wires or means to pass the control signals from the control board to the valves. • Wires or means to pass the signals from the sensors to the control board.

[4] A gas or gases supply system comprising of: • A storage tank. • A liquid in the storage tank. • A pipe or means for the liquid to flow from the storage tank to the electrolyzer. • The pipe is connected to the electrolyzer. • A flow sensor to sense the flow of the liquid to the electrolyzer. • A valve to control the flow of the liquid to the electrolyzer. • An electrolyzer to generate a gas or more equipped with a safety valve or more, and equipped with gas release valves that are controlled by the control board, and also equipped with sensors for the liquid level and gas or gases pressure which send their signals to the control board. • The electrolyzer is tightly closed and can withstand high pressure up to 1500 Bar or more or less as required. • A pipe or means to guide or lead the gases from the electrolyzer to the radiator. • A radiator for each gas. • A pipe or means to guide or lead the gas or gases from the radiator to a storage or treatment facility. • A storage or treatment facility to store or handle the gas or gases in any required means. • An energy source such as a battery or other. • Cables or wires to conduct the electricity from the source to the control board. • A control board. • Cables or wires to conduct the electricity from the control board to the electrolyzer. • Wires or means to pass the control signals from the control board to the valves. • Wires or means to pass the signals from the sensors to the control board.

[5] Any combination of the systems mentioned in 1, 2, 3, or 4 for the refrigeration, storage and re-supply of energy, supply of Hydrogen or Oxygen and/or gas or gases in any combinations of the said products.

[6] Claims 1, 2, 3, and 4 may also comprise: • A liquid or gas from a tank or other source. • A pump. • A pipe or means for the flow of the liquid or gas to a lower level and then to a higher level. • A second electrolyzer or more. • One or more means such as a fan to increase the heat exchange between the radiator or radiators and the medium in which it exists. • Extra fuel cells. • Extra sensors. • Extra valves. • Extra radiators. ^■ Extra pipes. • Extra cables. • The pipes can be insulated thermally and/or any other insulation. • The wires or cables can be insulated thermally and/or any other insulation. • A device or more to ensure the safe operation of the system.

[7] Claims 1 and 2 may also comprise: • The water flowing from the fuel cell to the lower tank can be used to supply energy with suitable devices.

[8] Claim 2 may also comprise: • A suitable device or devices to harness the pressure energy from the gas or gases that discharge from the electrolyzer before or after the radiator as suitable.

[9] Claims 3 and 4 may also comprise: • A device or more to measure the amount of gas passing through the pipe or pipes supplying the tank or tanks. • A device or more to change the gas or gases temperature through cooling or heating. • A device or more to decrease or increase the pressure of the gas or gases. • There can be more that one pipe or means to direct the gas or gases from the electrolyzer to the tank or treatment facility. • There can be more than one tank or treatment facility.

[10] In claims 1, 2, 3, and 4: • The flow control valve can be located at the entrance of the electrolyzer or can be integrated into it. • The electrolyzer could be designed to be able to open for maintenance or any other purpose. • Any of the pipes could be touching or buried in the wall of the electrolyzer. • The radiator and the other devices can be situated in different mediums such as one can be in a liquid medium and the other in a gaseous medium. • The gas can be run through pipes buried or touching an object's body in order to cool it. • The radiator can be excluded if not needed. • There can be more than one type of fuel cells. • There can be a system or means to dilute the water or liquid in the electrolyzer. A higher or lower pressure can be obtained as desired provided that the electrolyzer is designed as such.

[11] In claim 2: • The energy is stored by carrying out the elecrolyzation while the electrolyzer is locked thereby preserving the pressure of the gas or gases resulting from the elecrolyzation. • The energy can be restored by: a. Harnessing the pressure energy of the gas or gases resulting form electrolysis. b. Passing the resulting gas or gases through a fuel cell. • The coldness of the gas or gases discharging from the electrolyzer can be used to cool the device or devices that harness the pressure energy, or any other device. • The temperature of the atmosphere or any other device can be used to heat the gas or gases to obtain higher pressure. Another liquid can be used instead of water provided suitable devices are used to harness the pressure energy and/or other energy resulting from fusing the gases or from any other method.

[12] In claims 2, 3, and 4: • The resulting gas or gases can be used in direct reactions such as can be burnt to obtain energy or otherwise.

[13] In claims 3, and 4: • The gas or gases can be stored at any desired temperature as desired. • The gas or gases can be stored at any desired pressure as desired. [14] In claim 4: • There can be more than one liquid. • There can be a mixture of a liquid and chemical compound or compounds. • There can be a mixture of a liquids and chemical compounds or compounds.

• The mixture can be mixed either prior or after entering the electrolyzer. There can be present a facility for the alteration of a chemical gas, compound or solution at any stage of the system in order to change the properties of any of the materials or substances used in the process.