WO2005095007A1 - Method and apparatus for coating a substrate using dielectric barrier discharge - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for coating a substrate using dielectric barrier discharge Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005095007A1 WO2005095007A1 PCT/BE2005/000043 BE2005000043W WO2005095007A1 WO 2005095007 A1 WO2005095007 A1 WO 2005095007A1 BE 2005000043 W BE2005000043 W BE 2005000043W WO 2005095007 A1 WO2005095007 A1 WO 2005095007A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrodes
- inorganic
- silane
- plasma
- coating
- Prior art date
Links
- GBSZBADNIOFAKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(CNCCCN)=O Chemical compound CC(CNCCCN)=O GBSZBADNIOFAKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/62—Plasma-deposition of organic layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D4/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; Coating compositions, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09D183/00 - C09D183/16
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/44—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes for electrophoretic applications
- C09D5/4476—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes for electrophoretic applications comprising polymerisation in situ
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/02—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements ultrasonic or sonic; Corona discharge
- D06M10/025—Corona discharge or low temperature plasma
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/04—Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/06—Inorganic compounds or elements
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/04—Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/08—Organic compounds
- D06M10/10—Macromolecular compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
- H01J37/32348—Dielectric barrier discharge
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32431—Constructional details of the reactor
- H01J37/32532—Electrodes
- H01J37/32568—Relative arrangement or disposition of electrodes; moving means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/2406—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2400/00—Specific information on the treatment or the process itself not provided in D06M23/00-D06M23/18
- D06M2400/02—Treating compositions in the form of solgel or aerogel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of coating a substrate material and materials so coated.
- the method comprises atmospheric plasma curing of a hybrid polymer material .
- Standard industrial coating technologies comprise the application of a lacquer followed by thermal or UV-induced curing treatment.
- vacuum techniques like CVD, PVD or low pressure plasma are more and more used.
- Advantages of the ambient pressure methods are that they can be used with standard and inexpensive coating and curing equipment. Vacuum methods are often related to higher costs concerning equipment and processing and they give only very thin layers. Therefore, in metallisation processes and coating of small substrates, e.g. ophthalmic lenses, these methods have been established.
- a method and apparatus for generating and maintaining a plasma is now described.
- chemically active species such as molecules in excited states, radicals and ions. These species can react with each other, with neutral molecules or with the surface of a substrate. Depending on the nature of the compounds and the process conditions, this may result in cleaning, etching, chemical surface modification (often referred to as activation) , deposition of a thin film (often referred to as plasma assisted coating deposition) or the formation of new chemical compounds in the form of gases, liquids or (nano sized) powders.
- Dielectric Barrier Discharge The type of plasma discharge wherein at least one electrode is covered by an electrically insulating material, is called Dielectric Barrier Discharge" (DBD) .
- DBD Dielectric Barrier Discharge
- the configuration of a DBD apparatus generally comprises one or more sets of two electrodes of which at least one is covered with an insulating (dielectric) material.
- the equipment is especially interesting for innovative surface modification and coating deposition.
- various organic, inorganic or hybrid (organic/inorganic) precursors can be used. If not gaseous, these precursors are generally applied in the form of vapours of (heated) liquids, aerosols or (nano sized) particles.
- the invention comprises the use of inorganic- organic hybrid polymers as liquid coating material (precursor solution) with an atmospheric aerosol assisted plasma process for film curing.
- precursor solution liquid coating material
- sol-gel processing The principle of the formation of inorganic- organic hybrid polymers via sol-gel processing is the hydrolysis and condensation of organically functionalized alkoxysilanes .
- sol-gel synthesis of precursor solutions is outlined below.
- R ⁇ non-reactive/functional or reactive/polymerizable group
- the monomer compounds for the formation of a pure inorganic network may bear an organic complex ligand like acetic acid ethyl ester or methacrylic acid:
- the invention is in particular related to the method of appended claim 1, wherein organic/inorganic hybrid prepolymer is obtained or obtainable from Bayresit VPLS 2331, with the above formula, wherein n is a positive integer.
- Non-reactive groups R' act as network modifiers suitable for network functionalisation in order to introduce chemical properties to the coating. Examples of organically functionalised alkoxysilanes are given below:
- an additional organic polymer network can be formed by polymerization reactions of the reactive groups.
- monomer silanes with reactive groups are as follows:
- one or more of the following compounds may be added to the mixture of cross-linked inorganic-organic hybrid pre-polymer used in the sol-gel system before aerosol formation: organic coating forming materials; optionally carboxylates, methacrylates, acrylates, styrenes, methacrylonitriles, alkenes and dienes, more optionally methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate and/or other alkyl (meth) acrylates, organofunctional (meth) acrylates, glycidyl methacrylate, trimethoxysilyl propyl methacrylate, allyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylates, andfluoroalkyl (meth) acrylates, methacryl
- the inorganic- organic hybrid coating may be obtained and/or obtainable by mixing separately in additional to the aerosol in step d) one or more additional gases, vapours, aerosols or powders of the following compounds to the plasma discharge: Ar, He, 0 2 , N 2 , C0 2 , CO, SF 6 , NO, N0 2 , N 2 0, H 2 , methane, ethane, propane, butane, ethylene, propylene, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, acetylene, CF 4 , C 2 F 6 , C 2 F , H 2 0 and/or or any of the ingredients described herein.
- radicals are generated. Radicals are known to initiate the polymerization of vinyl-, methacryl- or acryl double bonds as well as bond cleavage or ring opening reactions. The radical fragments formed by the latter mechanisms are also able to polymerize and recombine thus also forming an organic network.
- Coatings obtained from alkoxysilane precursors with reactive acrylic or epoxy groups showed similar results after plasma and UV-curing (acrylics) or thermal curing (epoxide) , respectively. Spectroscopic data indicate that atmospheric plasma also initiates radical polymerization (acrylics) or ring opening and polymerization (epoxide) as it is known from conventional curing.
- Polymers functionalised to be suitable for use in the present invention may be synthesised as follows: the polymer is silylated with suitable alkoxysilane monomer (s) ; the silylated polymers undergo a sol-gel-reaction with functional silane precursors to form a solution of an inorganic-organic hybrid polymer whihc can be used as described herein in the plasma process.
- the reaction is shown schematically below Y Y Y Oligomer/Polymer I Y Y Y .
- Y denotes a functional group on the polymer to be used for reaction with a functional group on the alkoxysilanes for the modification/silylation of the polymer;
- Z denotes a functional group for attaching the alkoxysilane to the polymer
- R' denotes a non reactive/functional or reactive polymerizable group.
- the process includes the injection of the film forming precursor as an aerosol via atomization into the plasma volume adjacent to the base substrate (Aerosol Assisted Atmospheric Plasma: AAAP) .
- AAAP Autosol Assisted Atmospheric Plasma
- the influence of the plasma on the aerosol droplets of the coating material will enhance their reactivity thus improving cross-linking and curing results. Limitations due to film thickness are also reduced. This effect can be additionally improved by decreasing the size of the droplets to the nano-scale.
- a nano-sized aerosol will be generated by an electrospray process which offers control on aerosol diameter and charge .
- the combination of the plasma process with designed hybrid polymers increases the performance of the resulting coatings significantly regarding curing behavior, degree of cross-linking and network density.
- the process is not limited to specific kinds of substrate materials .
- a method for generating and maintaining a plasma according to the Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) technique comprising the steps of : a) - introducing a sample in the space between two electrodes, b) - controlling the atmosphere between the electrodes, c) generating a plasma discharge between the electrodes d) - admixing aerosols containing hybrid organic/inorganic cross-linked pre-polymers, formed via sol-gel processing, to the plasma discharge ⁇
- said plasma can be maintained at a pressure in the range between lOOPa and
- said plasma is maintained at a pressure in the range between lOOOPa and
- Said atmosphere may additionally comprise one or more of the following components : gases, vapours, aerosols, powders. Said mixed atmosphere may exhibit a compositional gradient.
- the invention is equally related to an apparatus for generating and maintaining a plasma, preferably in the pressure range between lOOPa and IMPa, said apparatus comprising a pair of electrodes, a gap being present between said electrodes, and a voltage generator for applying a voltage between said electrodes, said electrodes consisting of an electrically conducting material, wherein one or both electrodes are covered with an electrically insulating material, characterized in that said generator is capable of generating an alternating voltage such as described herein.
- one or both electrodes may be temperature controlled and one or both of the electrodes may be movable.
- said electrodes may have the form of planar or curved plates or grids, bars, cylinders, or knife or brush type geometries. One or both of said electrodes may be segmented in different parts of any shape.
- An apparatus of the invention may comprise a parallel and/or serial combination of one or more of said electrodes.
- FIG. 1 An embodiment of an apparatus in which the method according to the invention can be implemented is depicted in Figure 1.
- the apparatus (4) comprises a pump (7) to evacuate the gases, with a optional control valve (8) .
- An inlet port with an optional control valve is provided both for the gases (5) coming from a gas supply unit (6) and the aerosols of hybrid organic/inorganic cross-linked prepolymers 13 coming from an aerosol generator 9.
- the apparatus also comprises at least one set of electrodes (1 and 2) .
- the power supply (3) is connected to at least one of the electrodes.
- the other electrode can be grounded, connected to the power supply (3) or connected to a second power supply. Voltage, charge and current measurements can be performed by means of an oscilloscope
- Such an apparatus further comprises a pair of electrodes, a gap being present between the electrodes, wherein a mixed atmosphere is to be arranged in said gap.
- the electrodes consist of an electrically conducting material and said electrodes can be constructed in any shape but preferentially will take the form of planar or curved plates or grids, bars, cylinders, knife or brush type geometries.
- One ,or both of said electrodes consists of an electrically conducting material covered with an electrically insulating material.
- one or both of said electrodes may be segmented in different parts of any shape.
- An apparatus of the invention may comprise a parallel and / or serial combination of one or more of said electrodes.
- At least one material may be placed between said electrodes.
- Said material can be a sample requiring a plasma treatment.
- Said sample can be an organic, inorganic or metallic foil, plate, fibre, wire or powder, a woven or non-woven textile or any combination thereof.
- the plasma treatment conditions at each of the electrode surfaces and at the surfaces of any material placed between the electrodes can differ substantially from each other and can be controlled by the characteristics of the alternating current voltage applied to these electrodes .
- the plasma treatment conditions can consist of any combination of following operations: etching, cleaning, activation or deposition.
- One or both electrodes in an apparatus of the invention may be temperature controlled. Furthermore, one or both of the electrodes may be movable. [0045] Further aspects and/or preferred features of the invention are described in the claims. EXAMPLES [0046] By way of illustration only the following non-limiting examples are described, with reference to the numbered compounds previously. [0047] Hybrid coatings based on precursor compounds bearing reactive or non-reactive groups were deposited by the AAAP process and compared with conventionally cured coatings . [0048] After plasma treatment as well as after thermal curing (lh/100-200 °C) a precursor solution of 2 resulted in powder formation. This means that inorganic cross-linking due to condensation reaction is evident, also in plasma curing.
- the results are similar to those which have been obtained after thermal curing (20:1 h/130 °C) and UV curing, respectively (22: 20 s and 5, 93 J/cm 2 ) .
- no reactive organic polymerizable group is present, i. e. only condensation reactions are possible, in principle.
- the films obtained after plasma treatment were cured, whereas after thermal curing (1-5 h/130°C) the films were still sticky, i. e. not cured. This effect shows clearly that after thermal treatment only condensation has occurred, which is not as effective as in 2.
- Methacryloxypropyl-trimethoxysilane 22 Methacryloxypropyl-trimethoxysilane 22.
- Alcoholic sols of Bayrecit/silane compositions were coated on polypropylene (PP58) and polyester (Arylite ) via : a) Doctor blade and subsequent thermal curing (130 °C/l hour) and UV curing (20s, 60s, 100s) b) aerosol assisted atmospheric plasma deposition.
- Coatings obtained by the doctor blade technique were typically 10 to 30 micron thick. Coatings obtained by means of aerosol assisted atmospheric plasma deposition were typically 0.7 to 3 micron thick.
- ORR oxygen transmission rate
- OTR of PP58 pure 562 cm 3 /m 2 /d*bar
- OTR of Arylite pure >1000 cm 3 /m 2 /d»bar
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- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Non-Metallic Protective Coatings For Printed Circuits (AREA)
- Formation Of Insulating Films (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05728587A EP1729892B1 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-30 | Method for coating a substrate using dielectric barrier discharge |
DE602005014950T DE602005014950D1 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-30 | PROCESS FOR COATING A SUBSTRATE USING A DIELECTRIC BARRIER DISCHARGE |
US10/594,868 US20070202270A1 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-30 | Method And Apparatus For Coating A Substrate Using Dielectric Barrier Discharge |
AT05728587T ATE433805T1 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-30 | METHOD FOR COATING A SUBSTRATE USING A DIELECTRIC BARRIER DISCHARGE |
JP2007505342A JP5297652B2 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-30 | Method and apparatus for coating a substrate using dielectric barrier discharge |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04007735.6 | 2004-03-31 | ||
EP04007735A EP1582270A1 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2004-03-31 | Method and apparatus for coating a substrate using dielectric barrier discharge |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2005095007A1 true WO2005095007A1 (en) | 2005-10-13 |
Family
ID=34878213
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/BE2005/000043 WO2005095007A1 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-30 | Method and apparatus for coating a substrate using dielectric barrier discharge |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070202270A1 (en) |
EP (2) | EP1582270A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5297652B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE433805T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602005014950D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005095007A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP5297652B2 (en) | 2013-09-25 |
US20070202270A1 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
EP1582270A1 (en) | 2005-10-05 |
EP1729892A1 (en) | 2006-12-13 |
DE602005014950D1 (en) | 2009-07-30 |
EP1729892B1 (en) | 2009-06-17 |
ATE433805T1 (en) | 2009-07-15 |
JP2007530265A (en) | 2007-11-01 |
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