WO2005093316A1 - Lampe de type reverbere a base de del - Google Patents

Lampe de type reverbere a base de del Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005093316A1
WO2005093316A1 PCT/CN2005/000312 CN2005000312W WO2005093316A1 WO 2005093316 A1 WO2005093316 A1 WO 2005093316A1 CN 2005000312 W CN2005000312 W CN 2005000312W WO 2005093316 A1 WO2005093316 A1 WO 2005093316A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
transistor
battery
emitting diode
circuit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2005/000312
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Zhoulong Peng
Original Assignee
Zhoulong Peng
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Publication date
Application filed by Zhoulong Peng filed Critical Zhoulong Peng
Publication of WO2005093316A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005093316A1/zh

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S9/00Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply
    • F21S9/02Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator
    • F21S9/03Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator rechargeable by exposure to light
    • F21S9/032Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator rechargeable by exposure to light the solar unit being separate from the lighting unit
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • F21S8/08Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard
    • F21S8/085Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard of high-built type, e.g. street light
    • F21S8/086Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard of high-built type, e.g. street light with lighting device attached sideways of the standard, e.g. for roads and highways
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21WINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/10Outdoor lighting
    • F21W2131/103Outdoor lighting of streets or roads
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
    • Y02B20/72Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps in street lighting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of lighting fixtures, in particular to a light-emitting diode tube lamp which can be powered by solar energy. Background technique
  • the street lamps currently on the market are basically traditional incandescent lamps, energy-saving lamps, high- and low-pressure sodium lamps or halogen lamps, which have the disadvantages of high energy consumption, short life, and difficult to start at low temperatures.
  • Light-emitting diode lamps made up of multiple individual light-emitting diodes have appeared on the market, mainly powered by conventional AC and DC power supplies, with rich color changes, energy saving (the spectrum is almost all in the visible light range), long life, and easy to start at low temperatures.
  • Solar energy has the advantages of being inexhaustible, inexhaustible, and environmentally friendly.
  • the task of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and to design a light-emitting diode street lamp that is energy-saving, reliable, long-lived, can be varied in color, is easy to start at low temperature, and can use solar-powered lighting.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is as follows-a light-emitting diode street lamp comprising a component composed of a plurality of light-emitting diodes and a lamp housing, characterized in that each of the light-emitting diodes in the lamp housing is in accordance with a predetermined lighting area of the lamp. The illuminance determined by the distance, width, width, and shape is aligned.
  • the component is a parallel and series hybrid circuit composed of two or more branches formed by connecting two or more light emitting diodes in parallel and then in series.
  • the module is powered by a battery, and a power switch circuit that controls the on and off of the module is provided between the module and the battery; a solar panel is connected to the battery, and a charging switch circuit is between the two; and the solar panel and the battery
  • the power switch circuit and the charging switch circuit are connected with a charging and lighting control circuit, which can control the solar cell panel to charge the battery during the day and the battery to supply power to the module at night.
  • a further improvement is that a lamp cover is provided on the lamp housing, and the light receiving surface of the lamp cover and the solar cell panel is coated with a light-transmitting and self-cleaning nano coating.
  • the charging and lighting control circuit is composed of a battery overvoltage, undervoltage detection circuit, a charging control circuit and a daylight detection control circuit;
  • the lighting timing control circuit is a long delay control circuit composed of a counter.
  • the invention cleverly utilizes the linearity of the light emitting diodes (directivity of illuminance in normal direction).
  • the light emitting diodes are arranged in the lamp housing according to the rectangular plane (strip shape) or curved surface, conical surface or spherical surface according to the lighting interval.
  • the light of each light emitting diode can be directly directed to the area where illumination is required.
  • the reflectors required by traditional lighting fixtures are not needed.
  • the effective light source is fully utilized to maximize the luminous efficiency of the street lamp. Since the light emitting diode can be started at a very low temperature and has a long service life, the shortcomings of the traditional high and low pressure sodium lamps and halogen lamps are high in energy consumption, short in life, and difficult to start at low temperatures.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of light emitting diodes in the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another arrangement of light emitting diodes in the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another arrangement of light emitting diodes in the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another arrangement of the light emitting diodes in the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit connection diagram of a light emitting diode in the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a circuit principle of charge, discharge and lighting control according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a specific circuit schematic diagram of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the light emitting diode and the lamp cap of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an external structure of a street lamp according to the present invention.
  • a light-emitting diode street lamp includes a component 3, a lamp housing 7, which is composed of 5, 6 hundred light-emitting diode LEDs.
  • Module 3 is composed of dozens of branches B in parallel (for simplicity, only four branches and 40 light-emitting diodes are shown in the figure).
  • Branch B is a parallel and series hybrid branch: it consists of two light emitting diodes connected in parallel and then connected in series.
  • Each light-emitting diode LED is arranged in parallel in the lamp housing 7 according to the illumination area defined by the rectangular plane, and is fixed on the circuit board. When in use, the light emitted by the light-emitting diode LED directly faces the ground. This connection can greatly improve the reliability of the component 3 and extend its life.
  • Module 3 is powered by battery 2 (as shown in Figure 6). Between module 3 and battery 2, there is a power switch circuit 6 that can control the on and off of module 3; a solar panel 1 is connected to battery 2, There is a charging switch circuit 5 in between; and a charging and lighting control circuit 4 is connected to the solar panel 1, the battery 2, the power switch circuit 6 and the charging switch circuit 5 The solar cell panel 1 charges the battery 2 during the day, and the battery 2 supplies power to the module 3 at night.
  • the charging and lighting control circuit 4 is also provided with a lighting timing control circuit, which is composed of a battery overvoltage, undervoltage detection circuit, a charging control circuit and a daylight detection control circuit; the lighting timing control circuit is a long delay control circuit composed of a counter .
  • the overvoltage and undervoltage detection circuit includes an overvoltage and undervoltage comparator (MC3425) IC1, and an overvoltage signal input terminal 1.3 of the comparator IC1 is connected to the two poles of the battery 2
  • the overvoltage detection resistor divider branch (composed of resistor R9, resistor R10, and adjustable resistor RW1) is connected, and the overvoltage control signal output terminal 1.1 of the comparator IC1 is connected to the charging switch circuit 5.
  • the charging switch circuit 5 is a switching circuit composed of a first transistor T1, a photo-coupled transistor PE, a first field effect transistor T2, and a resistor R1, a resistor R2, and a resistor R3.
  • the source and drain of the first field-effect transistor T2 are connected between the negative electrode of the solar cell panel 1 and the negative electrode of the battery 2. Its gate is controlled by the first transistor T1 and the photoelectric coupling transistor PE.
  • the solar cell panel 1 The positive electrode of is connected to the positive electrode of battery 2 through diode D1, and the battery 2 is charged in reverse (only charging, not discharging).
  • the daylight detection control circuit includes a voltage-dividing bias resistor branch (consisting of a resistor R4 and an adjustable resistor RW2) connected between the positive electrode of the solar cell panel 1 and the negative electrode of the battery 2.
  • the output voltage signal of the solar cell panel passes It is connected to the base of the second transistor T3, the emitter of the second transistor T3 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery 2, and its collector controls the on-off of the power switch circuit 6.
  • the power switch circuit 6 includes a second The field effect transistor T5 has a grid connected to the collector of the second transistor T3, and its source and drain are connected between the negative electrode of the battery 2 and the negative electrode of the component 3. The positive electrode of the component 3 and the negative electrode of the battery 2 The positive electrode is connected, and the on-off of the second field-effect transistor T5 can control the on or off of the component 3.
  • a third transistor T4 is also connected in parallel between the emitter and the collector of the second transistor T3, which is connected to the undervoltage signal output terminal 1.6 of the comparator IC1, and the undervoltage signal input terminal of the comparator IC1 1.4 is connected to the undervoltage detection resistance voltage dividing branch (composed of resistor R8, resistor R11, and adjustable resistor RW3) connected to the two poles of battery 2, and when the voltage of battery 2 is insufficient, it passes the second field effect
  • the triode T5 can control the component 3 to be powered off.
  • the lighting timing control circuit includes a third field-effect transistor T6, whose source and drain are connected in series between the component 3 and the source and drain of the second field-effect transistor T5, and its gate is controlled by a 14-bit Binary serial counter IC2 (CD4060), resistor-capacitor delay circuit (consisting of resistor R16, resistor R17, resistor R18, capacitor C2, timing switch K2), delay trigger circuit and delay switch circuit can be formed within hours Timing control circuit for arbitrarily set delay time.
  • CD4060 Binary serial counter
  • resistor-capacitor delay circuit consisting of resistor R16, resistor R17, resistor R18, capacitor C2, timing switch K2
  • delay trigger circuit and delay switch circuit can be formed within hours Timing control circuit for arbitrarily set delay time.
  • 8 ⁇ Delay trigger circuit composed of resistor R23 and fourth transistor T6, connected in series between the gate of the second field effect transistor T5 and the binary serial counter IC2 delay trigger terminal 2.8; delay switch The circuit is composed of a capacitor C3, a resistor R19, a resistor R20, a resistor R21, a resistor R22, and a fifth transistor T7.
  • the base of the fifth transistor T7 is connected to the delay output terminal 2.3 of the serial counter IC2.
  • the collector of the five triode T7 is connected to the grid of the third field effect transistor T6, and the emitter of the fifth triode T7 is connected to the collector of the fourth transistor T6.
  • the delay output terminal 2.3 of the serial counter IC2 controls the third field effect transistor T6 to be turned on and turned off with a delay.
  • MOSFET field-effect transistors have the advantage of a small saturation voltage drop (0. 03-0. 01V).
  • the first, second, and third field-effect transistors T2, T5, and T6 are high-power MOSFET field-effect transistors. Connecting its drain directly to the ground can greatly improve the sensitivity, reliability and efficiency of switch control.
  • the near-ground end of the solar charging circuit uses a field effect tube controlled by a photoelectric coupling circuit, which can prevent the overcharge protection and the charge and discharge circuits from interfering with each other for the purpose of accuracy and reliability.
  • a manual delay shield control switch Kl is provided between the source and the drain of the third field effect transistor T6. When the lighting timing control is not needed, it can be controlled manually, which is very convenient.
  • the lamp housing 7 is provided with a lamp cover 8, and the light receiving surface of the lamp cover 8 and the solar cell panel 1 is coated with a light-transmitting, dust-proof and self-cleaning nano-coating.
  • the light emitting diode LED in the component 3 is a cylindrical surface (as shown in Figs. 2 and 8) and a spherical surface (as shown in Figs. 3) or conical surfaces (shown in Figure 4). Of course, it can also be other modeling surfaces. The advantages of curved surfaces are larger, more energy efficient, and more artistic than flat lighting areas, which are incomparable with traditional lamps.
  • the light-emitting diode LED is soldered on the flexible circuit board and fixed in the lamp cover 8, and its color can be determined according to the design.
  • the light emitting diodes are arranged in a curved surface (cylindrical surface) in the component 3.
  • the overall shape of the lamp is semi-cylindrical.
  • the side with the light-emitting diode LED is facing down (toward the road).
  • the lamp head 10 is located at one end of the LED street lamp.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of an LED street light (combined with a utility pole).
  • the solar panel 1 is on the top surface of the lamp housing 7, and the lamp cover 8 is on the bottom surface of the lamp housing 7.

Description

发光二极管路灯
技术领域
本发明涉及到照明灯具领域, 特别是一种可用太阳能供电的发光二极 管路灯。 背景技术
目前市面上所见到的路灯基本上都是传统的白炽灯、 节能灯、 高低压 钠灯或卤素灯, 具有能耗大、 寿命短、 低温不易启动的缺点。 利用多个单 体发光二极管构成的发光二极管灯,市场上已经出现,主要是由常规交流、 直流电源供电, 具有色彩变化丰富、 节能 (光谱几乎全在可见光范围内)、 寿命长、 低温易启动之优点。 太阳能则具有取之不竭、 用之不尽、 环保之 优点。 然而, 由于现有太阳能电池技术发展水平以及天气变化的限制, 尤 其是受到现有技术发光二极管路灯之发光二极管排列结构不合理、 控制电 路耗电大等缺陷的限制, 以致于目前以太阳能供电的发光二极管路灯还不 实用,处于研究、 摸索阶段。 发明内容
本发明的任务是要克服现有技术的缺陷, 设计一种节能、 可靠、 寿命 长、 色彩可以变换多样、 低温易启动, 且可以利用太阳能供电照明的发光 二极管路灯。
本发明的技术方案如下- 一种发光二极管路灯, 包括由多个发光二极管组成的组件、 灯壳, 其 特征在于所述各发光二极管在所述灯壳内按照该灯预先设定的照明区域 的远近、 宽窄、 形状所确定的照度指向排列。
所述组件是一种由两个以上发光二极管并联后、 再串联所构成的若干 个支路之间并联而成的并、 串联混合电路。 所述组件由蓄电池供电, 在组件和蓄电池之间设有可控制组件亮、 灭 的电源开关电路; 与蓄电池相连有一太阳能电池板, 在两者之间有一充电 开关电路; 与太阳能电池板、 蓄电池、 电源开关电路及充电开关电路相连 有一充电、 照明控制电路, 其可以控制太阳能电池板白天给蓄电池充电, 夜间由蓄电池向组件供电。
进一步的改进是在所述灯壳上设有灯罩, 灯罩及所述太阳能电池板的 受光面涂有透光且具有自洁功能的纳米涂料。
进一步来说,所述充电、照明控制电路由蓄电池过压、欠压检测电路、 充电控制电路和日光检测控制电路构成; 所述照明定时控制电路是由计数 器构成的长延时控制电路。
本发明巧妙利用了发光二极管发光的直线性(沿法向发光的照度指向 特性), 发光二极管将根据照明的区间在灯壳内按长方形平面 (带状) 或 曲面、 锥面或球面排列, 使各发光二极管的光线可以直射至要求照明的区 域, 无需传统照明灯具所必需的反光罩, 充分利用了有效光源, 使路灯的 发光效率最大化。 由于发光二极管可以在很低的温度下启动, 寿命长, 由 此克服了传统高低压钠灯、 卤素灯能耗大、寿命短、低温不易启动的缺点。 由于采用了透光、 具有良好自洁功能的纳米涂料喷涂在灯罩及太阳能电池 板的受光面, 使灰尘不易粘附在灯罩和太阳能电池板上而进一步可减少因 环境污染所造成的光损失。 由于发光二极管的光谱几乎全在可见光范围 内, 其发光无需逆变或镇流器, 较之传统路灯又可以节约很多能源。 由于 采用了了导通压降极小的场效应管作为光电池板、 蓄电池以及照明开关电 路的开关控制元件, 且使之漏极直接接地, 进一步提高了充放电及照明的 效率。 试验证明, 上述措施的采用使本发明已具备了很好的实用性。 附图说明
图 1是本发明中发光二极管的一种排列方式示意图;
图 2是本发明中发光二极管的另一种排列方式示意图;
图 3是本发明中发光二极管的又一种排列方式示意图;
图 4是本发明中发光二极管的再一种排列方式示意图;
图 5是本发明中发光二极管的一种具体电路连接示意图;
图 6是本发明充、 放电及照明控制的电路原理方框图;
图 7是图 6的一种具体电路原理图;
图 8是图 2发光二极管与灯头组合在一起示意图;
图 9是本发明路灯的一种外部结构示意图。
以下结合具体实施例 1-4, 对本发明作进一步说明。 具体实施方式
实施例 1:
如图 1、 5、 9所示, 一种发光二极管路灯, 包括用 5、 6百只发光二 极管 LED组成的组件 3、 灯壳 7。 组件 3由数十条支路 B并联而成 (为简 化起见, 图中仅示出了 4条支路、 40只发光二极管)。 支路 B是一种并、 串联混合支路: 由两个发光二极管并联后,再串联构成。各发光二极管 LED 在灯壳 7内按照长方形平面所确定的照明区域平行排列,固定在线路板上, 使用时发光二极管 LED所发出的光直接正对着向地面。 如此连接, 可大大 提高组件 3的可靠性, 延长其寿命。
组件 3由蓄电池 2供电 (如图 6所示), 在组件 3和蓄电池 2之间设 有可控制组件 3亮、 灭的电源开关电路 6; 与蓄电池 2相连有一太阳能电 池板 1, 在两者之间有一充电开关电路 5; 与太阳能电池板 1、 蓄电池 2、 电源开关电路 6及充电开关电路 5相连有一充电、 照明控制电路 4以控制 太阳能电池板 1白天给蓄电池 2充电,夜间由蓄电池 2向组件 3供电。 充 电、 照明控制电路 4内还设有照明定时控制电路, 其由蓄电池过压、 欠压 检测电路、 充电控制电路和日光检测控制电路构成; 照明定时控制电路是 由计数器构成的长延时控制电路。
具体来说 (如图 7所示), 过压、 欠压检测电路包括过压、 欠压比较 器(MC3425) IC1, 比较器 IC1的过压信号输入端 1. 3与连接在蓄电池 2 两极的过压检测电阻分压支路(由电阻 R9、 电阻 R10、可调电阻 RW1构成) 相连, 比较器 IC1的过压控制信号输出端 1. 1与充电开关电路 5相连。 充 电开关电路 5是一种由第一三极管 Tl、 光电耦合三极管 ΡΕ、 第一场效应 三极管 Τ2和电阻 Rl、 电阻 R2、 电阻 R3构成的开关电路。 第一场效应三 极管 T2的源极和漏极接在太阳能电池板 1的负极和蓄电池 2的负极之间, 其栅极受控于第一三极管 T1和光电耦合三极管 PE, 太阳能电池板 1的正 极经二极管 D1与蓄电池 2的正极相连, 向蓄电池 2逆止充电 (只充电, 不放电)。 日光检测控制电路包括一跨接在太阳能电池板 1 的正极和蓄电 池 2的负极之间的分压偏置电阻支路(由电阻 R4及可调电阻 RW2构成), 太阳能电池板的输出电压信号经其与第二三极管 T3 的基极相连, 第二三 极管 T3的发射极与蓄电池 2的负极相连, 其集电极控制所述电源开关电 路 6的通断; 电源开关电路 6包括第二场效应三极管 T5, 其栅极与第二三 极管 Τ3的集电极相连, 其源极和漏极接在蓄电池 2的负极和所述组件 3 的负极之间, 组件 3的正极与蓄电池 2的正极相连, 第二场效应三极管 Τ5 的通断可控制组件 3的亮或灭。
第二三极管 Τ3的发射极和集电极之间还并联有第三三极管 Τ4, 其与 比较器 IC1的欠压信号输出端 1. 6相接,比较器 IC1的欠压信号输入端 1. 4 与连接在所述蓄电池 2两极的欠压检测电阻分压支路(由电阻 R8、 电阻 Rll、 可调电阻 RW3组成)相连, 当蓄电池 2电压不足时, 其通过第二场效 应三极管 T5可控制所述组件 3断电。 照明定时控制电路包括第三场效应 三极管 Τ6, 其源极和漏极串接在所述组件 3和第二场效应三极管 Τ5的源 极和漏极之间, 其栅极受控于由 14位二进制串行计数器 IC2 (CD4060), 阻容延时电路(由电阻 R16、 电阻 R17、 电阻 R18、 电容 C2、 定时开关 K2 构成)、 延时触发电路和延时开关电路构成的可在数小时内任意设定延时 时间的定时控制电路。 延时触发电路由电阻 R23和第四三极管 T6构成, 串接在所述第二场效应三极管 T5的栅极和二进制串行计数器 IC2的延时 触发端 2. 8之间;延时开关电路由电容 C3、电阻 R19、电阻 R20、电阻 R21、 电阻 R22及第五三极管 T7构成, 第五三极管 T7的基极与串行计数器 IC2 的延时输出端 2. 3相连, 第五三极管 T7的集电极与所述第三场效应三极 管 T6的栅极相连, 第五三极管 T7的发射极与第四三极管 T6的集电极相 连, 当所述太阳能电池板 1天黑输出低电平时, 串行计数器 IC2的延时输 出端 2. 3控制第三场效应三极管 T6导通并延时关断。
MOSFET场效应管具有饱和压降小 (0. 03-0. 01V) 的优点, 第一、 二、 三场效应三极管 T2、 Τ5、 Τ6为大功率 MOSFET场效应管。 将其漏极直接接 在地上, 可大大提高开关控制的灵敏度、 可靠性及效率。 在太阳能充电回 路的近地端采用由光电耦合电路控制的场效应管, 可使过充保护及充放电 回路互不干扰, 准确可靠之目的。
在第三场效应三极管 T6 的源极和漏极之间设有手动延时屏蔽控制开 关 Kl。 当无需照明定时控制时, 可以手动控制, 十分方便。
如图 8所示: 灯壳 7上设有灯罩 8, 灯罩 8及太阳能电池板 1的受光 面涂有透光、 防尘、 自洁性好的纳米涂料。
实施例 2至 4:
与实施例 1所不同的是
发光二极管 LED在组件 3中是按圆柱面(图 2、 8所示)、球面(图 3所示)或圆锥面(图 4所示)排列的。 当然, 也可以是其它造型曲面。 曲面的优点较之平面照明区域更大、 更节能、 更富艺术感, 这是传统灯具 所不能比的。 发光二极管 LED焊接在柔性电路板上, 固定于灯罩 8内, 其 颜色可随设计而定。
图 8中, 发光二极管在组件 3中按弧形曲面 (柱面) 排列的。 灯的总 体呈半圆柱状, 使用时, 有发光二极管 LED 的一面向下 (朝向路面)。 灯 头 10位于发光二极管路灯的一端。
图 9是发光二极管路灯 (与电线杆组合在一起) 的总成示意图。 太阳 能电池板 1在灯壳 7的顶面, 灯罩 8在灯壳 7的底面。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种发光二极管路灯, 包括由多个发光二极管 (LED) 组成的组 件(3)、灯壳(7), 其特征在于所述各发光二极管(LED)在所述灯壳(7) 内按照该灯预先设定的照明区域的远近、 宽窄、 形状所确定的照度指向排 列。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的发光二极管路灯, 其特征在于所述发光二 极管 (LED) 按长方形平面、 圆柱面、 圆锥面或球面排列。
3、根据权利要求 1所述的发光二极管路灯,其特征在于所述组件(3) 是一种由多个发光二极管并联后、 再串联所构成的若干个支路 (B) 之间 并联而成的并、 串联混合电路。
4、根据权利要求 3所述的发光二极管路灯,其特征在于所述组件(3) 是一种由两个发光二极管并联后、 再串联所构成的若干个支路 (B) 之间 并联而成的并、 串联混合电路。
5、 根据权利要求 1、 2、 3或 4所述的发光二极管路灯, 其特征在于 所述组件 (3) 由蓄电池 (2)供电, 在组件(3)和蓄电池(2)之间设有 可控制组件 (3) 亮、 灭的电源开关电路(6); 与蓄电池 (2)相连有一太 阳能电池板(1 ),在两者之间有一充电开关电路(5);与太阳能电池板(1)、 蓄电池 (2)、 电源开关电路 (6)及充电开关电路(5)相连有一充电、 照 明控制电路(4), 其可以控制太阳能电池板(1 ) 白天给蓄电池(2)充电, 夜间由蓄电池 (2) 向组件 (3)供电。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的发光二极管路灯, 其特征在于在所述灯壳 (7) 上设有灯罩 (8), 灯罩 (8) 及所述太阳能电池板 (1 ) 的受光面涂 有透光且具有自洁功能的纳米涂料。
7、 根据权利要求 5所述的发光二极管路灯, 其特征在于在所述充电、 照明控制电路(4) 内还设有照明定时控制电路。
8、 根据权利要求 7 所述的发光二极管路灯, 其特征在于所述充电、 照明控制电路 (4) 由蓄电池过压、 欠压检测电路、 充电控制电路和日光 检测控制电路构成; 所述照明定时控制电路是由计数器构成的长延时控制 电路。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的发光二极管路灯, 其特征在于所述过压、 欠压检测电路包括过压、 欠压比较器 (IC1 ), 比较器 (IC1 ) 的过压信号 输入端(1. 3)与连接在所述蓄电池(2)两极的过压检测电阻分压支路 (R9、 R10、 RW1)相连, 比较器 (IC1 ) 的过压控制信号输出端 (1. 1 ) 与所述充 电开关电路 (5) 相连; 充电开关电路 (5) 是一种由第一三极管 (Tl )、 光电耦合三极管 (ΡΕ)、 第一场效应三极管 (Τ2)和电阻 (Rl、 R2、 R3 ) 构成的开关电路, 第一三极管 (T1 ) 的基极经限流 (R24) 与过压控制信 号输出端 (1. 1 ) 相接; 第一场效应三极管 (T2) 的源极和漏极接在所述 太阳能电池板(1 ) 的负极和蓄电池(2) 的负极之间, 其栅极受控于第一 三极管 (T1 )和光电耦合三极管 (PE), 太阳能电池板(1 ) 的正极经二极 管 (D1 ) 与蓄电池 (2) 的正极相连, 向蓄电池 (2)逆止充电; 所述日光 检测控制电路包括一跨接在太阳能电池板(1 ) 的正极和蓄电池 (2) 的负 极之间的分压偏置电阻支路(R4、 R5、 RW2), 太阳能电池板的输出电压信 号经其与第二三极管 (T3) 的基极相连, 第二三极管 (T3) 的发射极与蓄 电池 (2) 的负极相连, 其集电极控制所述电源开关电路(6) 的通断; 电 源开关电路(6)包括第二场效应三极管(T5), 其栅极与第二三极管(Τ3) 的集电极相连, 其源极和漏极接在蓄电池 (2) 的负极和所述组件(3) 的 负极之间, 组件 (3) 的正极与蓄电池(2) 的正极相连, 第二场效应三极 管 (Τ5) 的通断可控制组件 (3) 的亮或灭。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的发光二极管路灯, 其特征在于在所述第二 三极管 (T3) 的发射极和集电极之间还并联有第三三极管 (Τ4), 其与所 述比较器 (IC1 ) 的欠压信号输出端 (1. 6)相接, 比较器 (IC1 ) 的欠压 信号输入端 (1. 4)与连接在所述蓄电池 (2)两极的欠压检测电阻分压支 路 (R8、 Rll、 RW3)相连, 当所述蓄电池 (2) 电压不足时, 其通过所述第 二场效应三极管 (T5) 可控制所述组件 (3) 断电; 所述照明定时控制电 路包括第三场效应三极管 (T6), 其源极和漏极串接在所述组件 (3) 和所 述第二场效应三极管 (Τ5) 的源极和漏极之间, 其栅极受控于由二进制串 行计数器 ( IC2)、 阻容延时振荡电路(R16、 R17、 R18、 C3、 K2)、 延时触 发电路和延时开关电路构成的定时控制电路; 延时触发电路由电阻 (R23) 和第四三极管 (Τ8) 构成, 串接在所述第二场效应三极管 (Τ5) 的栅极和 二进制串行计数器(IC2) 的延时触发端 (2. 8)之间; 延时开关电路由电 容 (C3)、 电阻 (R19、 R20、 R21、 R22)和第五三极管 (T7) 构成, 第五 三极管 (T7 ) 的基极与串行计数器(IC2) 的延时输出端 (2. 3)相连, 第 五三极管 (T7) 的集电极与所述第三场效应三极管 (T6) 的栅极相连, 第 五三极管 (T7) 的发射极与第四三极管 (T8) 的集电极相连, 当所述太阳 能电池板(1 )天黑输出低电平时, 串行计数器(IC2)的延时输出 (2. 3) 控制第三场效应三极管 (T6) 导通并延时关断。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的发光二极管路灯, 其特征在于在所述第 三场效应三极管(T6)的源极和漏极之间设有手动延时屏蔽控制开关(Kl )。
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