WO2005081491A1 - Commande de regles sensible au reseau et a interconnexion - Google Patents

Commande de regles sensible au reseau et a interconnexion Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005081491A1
WO2005081491A1 PCT/IB2005/000323 IB2005000323W WO2005081491A1 WO 2005081491 A1 WO2005081491 A1 WO 2005081491A1 IB 2005000323 W IB2005000323 W IB 2005000323W WO 2005081491 A1 WO2005081491 A1 WO 2005081491A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
message
interworking
indication
network
entity
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2005/000323
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Juha A. RÄSÄNEN
Miikka POIKSELKÄ
Original Assignee
Nokia Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nokia Corporation filed Critical Nokia Corporation
Publication of WO2005081491A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005081491A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/1016—IP multimedia subsystem [IMS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/102—Gateways
    • H04L65/1043—Gateway controllers, e.g. media gateway control protocol [MGCP] controllers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M7/00—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres
    • H04M7/12—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres for working between exchanges having different types of switching equipment, e.g. power-driven and step by step or decimal and non-decimal
    • H04M7/1205—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres for working between exchanges having different types of switching equipment, e.g. power-driven and step by step or decimal and non-decimal where the types of switching equipement comprises PSTN/ISDN equipment and switching equipment of networks other than PSTN/ISDN, e.g. Internet Protocol networks
    • H04M7/1225—Details of core network interconnection arrangements
    • H04M7/123—Details of core network interconnection arrangements where the packet-switched network is an Internet Protocol Multimedia System-type network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M7/00—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres
    • H04M7/12—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres for working between exchanges having different types of switching equipment, e.g. power-driven and step by step or decimal and non-decimal
    • H04M7/1205—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres for working between exchanges having different types of switching equipment, e.g. power-driven and step by step or decimal and non-decimal where the types of switching equipement comprises PSTN/ISDN equipment and switching equipment of networks other than PSTN/ISDN, e.g. Internet Protocol networks
    • H04M7/1295—Details of dual tone multiple frequency signalling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to policy control in a communication network system.
  • a service-based local policy control provides a way to manage an access network through dynamic policies.
  • Policy control may be used for IMS (IP (Internet Protocol) Multimedia Subsystem) and interact with appropriate IMS and non-IMS applications.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • IMS Internet Protocol
  • SIP Session Initiation Protocol
  • the IM Subsystem comprises a PDF (Policy Decision Function) and a P-CSCF (Proxy Call/Connection state control function) for performing policy control.
  • a PDF Policy Decision Function
  • P-CSCF Proxy Call/Connection state control function
  • Opening the interface between the PDF and the P-CSCF may greatly simplify introduction of new services and enable operators to leverage their ownership of access networks by introducing opportunities for service-based control of the access for a whole range of services (potentially including third party services) in an operator controlled manner.
  • Decoupling of the PDF from the P-CSCF enables policy control to be applied for other services than SIP IMS services.
  • the Policy Decision Function acts as a Policy Decision Point for service based local policy control.
  • the PDF makes decisions about resources allocation requests.
  • An Application Function is an element controlling applications that require the use of IP bearer resources.
  • An application function is the P-CSCF.
  • the AF requests the PDF to apply restrictions on usage of the IP bearer resources.
  • the Application Function represents the application level intelligence for any service running over the IP bearer which needs service based policy control.
  • the AF does not interact with a gateway directly; instead, it interacts with the PDF and the PDF acts on certain events as instructed by the AF.
  • the AF shall be able to give instructions to the PDF to act on its own, i.e. based on the service information currently available.
  • the PDF uses policy rules defined by the operator who owns the PDF to authorise the use of the IP bearer resources within the limits of what has been requested by the AF.
  • the AF provides the service determined decision information.
  • the PDF provides the final policy decision controlling the allocated QoS (Quality of Service) resources for the authorized session to the gateway.
  • the final policy decision is done according to operator policy rules defined in the PDF.
  • the Authorise QoS resources function can be invoked between PDF and AF at session establishment and/or at bearer establishment.
  • the PDF provides a successful result to the authorization request from the AF only if the session characteristics are consistent with the policy rules defined in the PDF.
  • the AF may provide an application identifier when describing the session to indicate the application being used by the AF/P-CSCF.
  • the application identifier identifies the particular service that the session belongs to. This information may be used by the PDF to differentiate QoS for different application services. For example, the application identifier may be used as additional information together with the indication of the type of service information when QoS class for the bearer authorisation in Go interface is decided.
  • the application identifier may be used also to complete the QoS authorisation with application specific default settings in the PDF if the AF does not provide all or any of the required information.
  • the PDF may include a gate enabling command as part of the authorisation decision, for instance to enable early media.
  • the PDF may provide a separate decision for opening the gate for the media flow(s) in the GGSN (Gateway GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) Support Node) .
  • the gate represents a user plane function enabling or disabling the forwarding of IP packets.
  • a gate is described by a set of packet classifiers that identify IP flows associated to the gate.
  • the packet classifier includes the standard 5-tuple (source IP address, destination IP address, source port, destination port, protocol) explicitly describing a unidirectional IP flow.
  • the gate is controlled by commands to open or close the gate leading to the enabling or disabling of the passage for IP packets. If the gate is closed all packets of the related IP flows are dropped. If the gate is opened the packets of the related IP flows are allowed to be forwarded.
  • the opening of the gate may be part of the authorisation decision event.
  • the closing of the gate may be part of the revoke authorisation decision event.
  • the PDF may in general decide to open the gates for the media flows in the GGSN (Gateway GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) Support Node) only after the final answer message from the called party, in order to avoid charging fraud (i.e. a fraud of not answering the session invitation but still sending a media stream through the early opened gates) .
  • GGSN Gateway GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) Support Node
  • the policy decision function PDF is not aware of the destination being in a CS network. Opening the gates only after the answer message means that possible tones and announcements from the CS network (early media in general) will not pass through to the calling IMS terminal.
  • the problem can be described as a missing indication of the interworked network and/or the properties of the interworked network, i.e. the PDF is not aware of the interworked network and/or its properties and consequently cannot apply proper policy control measures in all interworking cases.
  • this object is achieved by a policy decision entity according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 18.
  • the object is achieved by a first session control entity according to claim 5 and a method according to claim 19.
  • the object is achieved by a second session control entity according to claim 9.
  • the object is achieved by a second session control entity according to claim 10 and a method according to claim 22.
  • the object is achieved by a message according to claim 14 or a message according to claim 15.
  • the object is achieved by a network system according to claim 17.
  • the object is achieved by a computer program product according to' claim 23.
  • the PDF is enabled to identify different interworking cases.
  • CS interworking can be supported in an IMS network with service based local policy (SBLP) without losing tones and announcements from the CS network and without risking the integrity and reliability of charging in other cases (e.g. by not opening the gates before the answer message when not necessary) .
  • SBLP service based local policy
  • a disadvantage of sending the interworking indication/information in an SDP parameter or in a new SIP header is that anybody can insert the parameter (s) in the SIP message. This means that fraudulent behaviour is possible for example in the following way: • The called entity inserts the required interworking parameter (s) in the SIP response message; • The network (P-CSCF and PDF) deduces from the parameter (s) that this is an interworking case, e.g. PSTN interworking, and takes related measures, e.g. opens the gates; • The called entity does not send a final response, which .means that charging is not activated. • With gates open, data transmission is now possible without charging, although from the network's point of view the session has not yet been established.
  • the addresses of network elements is network internal information configured and agreed by operators. Fraudulent mimicking of the interworking indication/information by users is not possible.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram illustrating network elements of a communication network system according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows an architecture of a network system illustrating interfaces between network elements of a core network, a multimedia subsystem and a CS network.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram illustrating signaling between the network elements of the network system according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • a policy decision entity such as a PDF controlling the session for a related IMS terminal is made aware of the interworking with the CS network.
  • the PDF may use the information for making a decision to open gates at least for the downlink, i.e. towards the IMS terminal already at an authorization of QoS resources in order to enable the passing through of possible tones and announcements, i.e. early media in general, from the CS network to the IMS terminal.
  • a session control entity (first session control entity) 10 a call control entity (second session control entity) 20 and a policy decision entity 30 of a communication network system are shown.
  • the call control entity performs call/session control e.g. between an IMS network and a specific network such as a CS network and comprises a detecting block 21 for detecting interworking with a specific network, an including block 22 for including an indication of the interworking with the specific network in a message to be sent towards the session control entity 10, and a sending block for sending the message towards the policy control entity 10.
  • the message sent towards the session control entity 10 may be a backward message in case the session control entity 10 resides in an originating network, i.e. a network originating a session.
  • the including block 22 may include a parameter indicating the interworking with the specific network in the message to be sent towards the session control entity 10.
  • the session control entity 10 performs session/connection control and comprises a receiving block 11 for receiving a message from the call control entity 20, a detecting block 12 for detecting the indication of interworking with the specific network from the received message, an including block 13 for including in a message to be sent to the policy decision entity 30 an indication associated with controlling gates for media flows, and a sending block 14 for sending the message to the policy decision entity 30.
  • the session control entity 10 may further comprise a converting block (not shown) for converting the indication of interworking with the specific network into an instruction to control the gates, wherein the including block 13 includes the instruction in the message to be sent to the policy decision entity 30.
  • a converting block (not shown) for converting the indication of interworking with the specific network into an instruction to control the gates, wherein the including block 13 includes the instruction in the message to be sent to the policy decision entity 30.
  • the including block 13 may include a parameter indicating interworking with the specific network in the message to be sent to the policy decision entity 30.
  • the policy decision entity 30 controls media flows and comprises a receiving block 31 for receiving a message from the session control entity 10, and a detecting block 32 for detecting an indication associated with controlling gates for media flows in the received message.
  • a controlling block 33 of the policy decision entity 30 may control the gates in accordance with the instruction from the session control entity 10.
  • the controlling block 33 may control the gates in accordance with this parameter, e.g. allow early media to at least one direction in the media flow.
  • Media flows controlled by the policy decision entity 30 may be present in a further network entity in a core network, e.g. in a gateway node (such as a GGSN) which has a policy enforcement functionality that implements the decisions made by the policy decision entity 30.
  • the gateway node may also make policy decisions without the help of the policy decision entity 30, if the decisions can be made within the limits of the valid/previous authorization decision made by the policy decision entity 30.
  • the session control entity 10 and the policy decision entity 30 may be provided either separately or as one network element.
  • a call or gateway control entity such as an MGCF, BGCF and/or S/I-CSCF puts an indication (a parameter or set of parameters) in the signalling towards the IMS
  • a session control entity such as a P-CSCF forwards the information to the PDF
  • the PDF takes relevant measures, e.g. opens the downlink gates already at the authorization of the QoS resources.
  • Fig. 2 shows an architecture of a communication network system illustrating interworking between IMS and a circuit switched (CS) network, i.e. an ISUP (ISDN User Part) and BICC (Bearer Independent Call Control) based ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) .
  • CS circuit switched
  • a user equipment UE connects to a CS network via a core network such as a 3G core network comprising a gateway such as a GGSN.
  • the UE is an IMS capable terminal and the IMS uses service based local policy (SBLP) handled by a policy decision entity such as a PDF and a call control entity such as a P-CSCF or application function AF.
  • SBLP service based local policy
  • a call setup is carried out from the UE via the P-CSCF, a serving control entity such as an S-CSCF and a media gateway control entity such as an MGCF to the CS network (e.g. PSTN) .
  • the leg from the MGCF to the P-CSCF which is based on SIP/SDP (Session Initiation Protocol/Session Description Protocol) signalling.
  • SIP/SDP Session Initiation Protocol/Session Description Protocol
  • 183 Session progress may be used for transporting interworking information from the MGCF to the P-CSCF.
  • the SIP response "183 Session progress " is described in 3GPP TS
  • an S-CSCF Server Call/Connection State Control Function
  • an I-CSCF Interrogating CSCF
  • a BGCF Bandout Gateway Control Function
  • the leg from the P-CSCF to the PDF which is known as the Gq interface.
  • the Diameter Protocol may be used with some new attributes or parameters.
  • the interworking information may be included as a part of the application/service information provided by the AF/P-CSCF to the PDF during the session establishment.
  • leg 2 can be handled with an attribute value pair to be defined for the application identifier described in the specification 3GPP TR 23.917, version 1.2.0, subclause 7.4.1.2 "Gq Data Exchange", or with a new attribute value pair (e.g. Interworking information) .
  • the P-CSCF transfers the interworking information received from the MGCF in the SIP/SDP signalling transparently to the PDF in the information field of the Diameter attribute value pair.
  • the interworking information can be transferred similarly from the P-CSCF to the PDF in a container (i.e. in an information field of a parameter) provided by the protocol.
  • the P-CSCF may manipulate the interworking information received from the MGCF before sending the information to the PDF.
  • the P-CSCF may for example change the format of the information.
  • Leg 1 from the MGCF to the P-CSCF can be handled in different ways :
  • a new attribute (“a") is defined for SDP.
  • SDP Session Description Protocol
  • IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
  • Examples 1 and 2 indicate with the attribute “interw” that this is an interworking case, and with the parameter value “pstn” that the interworking partner is PSTN. Instead of “pstn” there could be a number of more detailed parameter values .
  • Examples 3 and 4 simply indicate with the existence of the parameter that the session comprises interworking with PSTN.
  • Examples 5 and 6 indicate that early media is required, i.e. gates should be opened already at the authorization of QoS resources .
  • a new SIP header may be defined for leg 1 to indicate the interworking.
  • the SIP header may be transferred in a response "183 Session progress" or in an INVITE message.
  • the INVITE message is shown in 3GPP TS 24.228 version 5.4.0, table 7.3.6.1-1, and the message 183 is shown in 3GPP TS 24.228 version 5.4.0, table 7.3.6.1-8.
  • the P-CSCF deduces the interworking information from the SIP contact header (of the ⁇ 183 Session progress" or INVITE message) .
  • the P-CSCF has to identify the addresses allocated to the MGCFs to be able to deduce that this is a PSTN interworking case.
  • the P-CSCF may deduce the interworking information from the SIP contact header (of the 183 or INVITE message) and the presence of a URI (Uniform Resource Identifier) parameter.
  • URI Uniform Resource Identifier
  • the indication from MGCF to P-CSCF may also be any existing parameter, indicator, header or combination of them agreed to be used for this purpose.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram illustrating signaling between the network elements of the network system according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • a call setup using SIP INVITE is performed from a UE via a P-CSCF, an S-CSCF and an MGCF to a circuit switched network.
  • the P-CSCF is not able to know that the call will terminate in a CS network since the S-CSCF and the MGCF have the call control (and could e.g. re-route the call) .
  • the MGCF detects that the call setup will be routed to the CS network and sets an indication about CS termination in one of the backward messages towards the originating UE.
  • backward message may be SIP response "183 Session progress”.
  • the indication in the backward message e.g. SIP response message (communication 3a) may be a new parameter (a SIP header or an SDP parameter) or may be a combination of some existing parameters as described before.
  • the P-CSCF detects the above mentioned CS termination indication in the SIP response message.
  • the P-CSCF forwards the CS termination indication to a PDF over a Gq interface.
  • the Gq interface may have a corresponding new parameter as needed in SIP.
  • the P-CSCF may convert the CS termination indication into one or more parameter (s) in Gq interface for indicating that gates at a GGSN are to be controlled (e.g. opened or closed) .
  • the PDF receives either the CS termination indication or parameters indicating gate control. In the latter case the PDF in not necessarily aware of the CS termination but can still open the gate for early media. However, if the CS termination indication is used in the Gq interface the PDF may use this information also for other purposes besides or instead of gate control.
  • an indication of the interworked network and/or the properties of the interworked network can be provided to an application function, and a policy decision entity can be made aware of the interworked network and/or its properties and consequently can apply proper policy control measures in all interworking cases, e.g. can open the gates at a gateway in a core network for the transmission of early media.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à une entité de définition de règles, et à un procédé de mise en oeuvre d'un système de réseau de communication. Des flux multimédia sont commandés en accord avec une définition de règles. Un message émanant d'une entité de commande de session assurant la commande de session/connexion est reçue, et une indication indiquant l'interconnexion avec un réseau spécifique est détectée dans le message reçu.
PCT/IB2005/000323 2004-02-16 2005-02-09 Commande de regles sensible au reseau et a interconnexion WO2005081491A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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EP04003403 2004-02-16
EP04003403.5 2004-02-16

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006114120A1 (fr) * 2005-04-27 2006-11-02 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Entite de decision d'acheminement de service

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030026245A1 (en) * 2001-07-31 2003-02-06 Ejzak Richard Paul Communication system including an interworking mobile switching center for call termination
US20030137991A1 (en) * 2002-01-23 2003-07-24 Doshi Parag M. Apparatus and method for enabling optimized gateway selection for inter-working between circuit-switched and internet telephony

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US20030026245A1 (en) * 2001-07-31 2003-02-06 Ejzak Richard Paul Communication system including an interworking mobile switching center for call termination
US20030137991A1 (en) * 2002-01-23 2003-07-24 Doshi Parag M. Apparatus and method for enabling optimized gateway selection for inter-working between circuit-switched and internet telephony

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MARSHALL W ET AL: "SIP Extensions for Media Authorization", IETF, February 2001 (2001-02-01), XP002217605 *
ROSENBERG ET AL: "RFC 3261: SIP: Session Initiation Protocol", IETF REQUEST FOR COMMENTS, June 2002 (2002-06-01), pages 1 - 269, XP002323877 *
W. MARSHALL: "Private Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Extensions for Media Authorization", RFC 3313, IETF, January 2003 (2003-01-01), XP002329102, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3313.txt?number=3313> [retrieved on 20050519] *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006114120A1 (fr) * 2005-04-27 2006-11-02 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Entite de decision d'acheminement de service

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