WO2005074040A2 - Photovoltaic solar generator - Google Patents

Photovoltaic solar generator Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005074040A2
WO2005074040A2 PCT/EP2005/050358 EP2005050358W WO2005074040A2 WO 2005074040 A2 WO2005074040 A2 WO 2005074040A2 EP 2005050358 W EP2005050358 W EP 2005050358W WO 2005074040 A2 WO2005074040 A2 WO 2005074040A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solar
generator according
modules
solar modules
solar generator
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Application number
PCT/EP2005/050358
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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WO2005074040A3 (en
Inventor
Nikolaus Asteriadis
Original Assignee
Altmann, Dirk
Siegenthaler, Stephan
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Application filed by Altmann, Dirk, Siegenthaler, Stephan filed Critical Altmann, Dirk
Publication of WO2005074040A2 publication Critical patent/WO2005074040A2/en
Publication of WO2005074040A3 publication Critical patent/WO2005074040A3/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/02002—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations
    • H01L31/02005—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/02008—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells or solar cell modules
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/74—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with trough-shaped or cylindro-parabolic reflective surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/80—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors having discontinuous faces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a solar generator with a plurality of elongated, arranged in the same plane solar modules with stripe-like arranged photovoltaic solar cells for converting light, especially the sun, into electrical energy, and with a reflector arrangement, the incident light between the streak-like solar cells on the Steers solar cells.
  • a solar generator consists of a multiplicity of panel-like solar modules which, on their side facing the light, carry photovoltaic solar cells arranged one behind the other in narrow strips, with reflective profiled reflectors being arranged between the solar cell strips in such a way that the light striking one roof side is incident the row of solar cells adjacent to this roof side directs, while the other side of the roof reflects the incident light in a corresponding manner to the row of solar cells adjacent to this roof side.
  • the roof profile-shaped reflectors have approximately the same width as the rows of solar cells.
  • Photovoltaic solar generators currently used in practice consist of rectangular flat modules which are completely equipped with solar cells on their side facing the light. These modules are combined into large panels.
  • the object of the invention is now to significantly reduce the installation costs of solar generators.
  • the solar modules are designed as elongated flat strip elements with photovoltaic cells arranged on both sides or with light from both sides and are arranged in front of a reflector surface, leaving strip-shaped spacing zones between adjacent flat strip elements.
  • the invention is based on the general idea of reflectors to also apply light to the back of flat solar modules, which is shaded from direct light. On the one hand, this increases the luminous flux supplied to a solar module. On the other hand, the luminous flux is distributed over a large surface, so that excessive heating and a concomitant decrease in the efficiency of the solar modules is avoided.
  • an undesired heating of the solar modules can also be counteracted by an essentially self-supporting arrangement of the solar modules in front of the reflector surface and the largely unimpeded air circulation possible on both sides of the solar modules.
  • the spacing zones between the flat-band-like solar modules have at least about three times the width of the flat bands. This ensures a "loosened up" arrangement of the solar modules.
  • the reflector surface in a wave shape with wave troughs and ridges parallel to the longitudinal axes of the flat strips, each distance zone between adjacent flat strip modules being penetrated by only one central wave crest.
  • the reflector areas thus deflect light that strikes both sides of the wave crest to the rear sides of the two adjacent flat ribbon modules.
  • a further shaft crest can be provided in the middle under each flat ribbon module, on which the respective flat ribbon module is held directly or indirectly.
  • the solar modules can be electrically connected to suitable standardized mating contacts of a contact rail with standardized contacts on the module side.
  • each contact rail can be connected or connected to a group of the flat-band-shaped solar modules and can be attached or arranged transversely to the longitudinal axes of the flat bands at one end thereof.
  • electrical components such as inverters in particular, can be accommodated in a protected manner within the housing of the contact rail, so that the solar generator can be easily connected to an electrical AC network for power supply.
  • the contact rails can have busbars which, in the case of adjoining contact rails, have a continuous electrical circuit Form a current path so that several solar generators can be connected to the AC network.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a solar generator according to the invention
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 shows a section II of FIGS. 1 and
  • FIG. 3 shows a section III from FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 5 shows the cross section of a Fresnel mirror in section V of FIG. 4.
  • the solar generator according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 consists essentially of flat-band-like photovoltaic solar modules 1, which are arranged largely self-supporting over a reflector 2 and are connected at one end to a contact rail 3.
  • the solar modules 1 have a strip-shaped upper glass pane 4 and a corresponding strip-shaped lower glass pane 5. Both glass panes are designed to be highly transparent and are tightly connected to one another with the interposition of photovoltaic solar cells 7, which can be arranged in a grid-like manner on transparent supports. If necessary, the glass panes 4 and 5 can also form a box for receiving the solar cell arrangements, which may be designed in the manner of plug-in cards, which can be inserted into electrical contact strips (not shown) which are accommodated within edge strips 6.
  • the reflector 2 preferably has a wave profile, the valleys and ridges of which each extend parallel to the longitudinal axes of the solar modules 1.
  • a wave crest is preferably located centrally under one of the solar modules 1, wherein this wave crest can be provided, in particular at the ends of the solar module, with brackets (not shown) into which the respective solar module 1 can be inserted.
  • the reflector 2 can each have a wave crest centrally between adjacent solar modules 1, so that light incident on the reflector 2 on both sides of the wave crest is reflected particularly effectively against the undersides of the adjacent solar modules 1.
  • the profile of the reflector 2 is parabolic on both sides of the latter wave crests. In principle, however, other profiles are also or essentially flat reflectors possible. At least in the case of stationary solar generators, the shape of the reflector 2 is of less importance, since the solar generator cannot track the position of the sun and, accordingly, the sun falls on the solar generator at constantly changing angles.
  • the contact rail 3 is preferably connected via standardized contacts (not shown in more detail) to correspondingly standardized mating contacts at the facing ends of the solar modules, it being expediently provided that the housing of the contact rail accommodates all electrical components, such as inverters in particular, which are necessary for the Connect the solar generator to an electrical AC network for feeding electrical energy.
  • a busbar arrangement can be provided within the contact rail 3, which continues electrically into the busbar arrangement of a subsequent contact rail 3 of a solar generator adjacent to a solar generator.
  • a busbar arrangement can be provided within the contact rail 3, which continues electrically into the busbar arrangement of a subsequent contact rail 3 of a solar generator adjacent to a solar generator.
  • the strip-like solar modules can optionally also be arranged “upright”, i.e. the glass panes 4 and 5 assume a position rotated by 90 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the modules 1 in relation to the position in the drawing.
  • tubular solar modules are also conceivable.
  • FIG. 4 shows the cross section of a further variant for the solar generator according to the invention.
  • a transparent plate 10 is arranged between the strip-shaped solar modules 1 and the reflector surface 2, which carries the reflector surface 2 on its side facing away from the solar modules 1.
  • the reflector surface 2 is designed as a so-called Fresnel mirror, the cross section of which is shown in FIG. 5 in principle.
  • the cross section of the reflector surface which can be formed by a film, has a sawtooth profile such that narrow, laterally inclined reflecting strips are formed, the longitudinal axis of which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the solar modules 1.
  • the sideways inclination of the reflective strips can be dimensioned differently, so that a mirror is effectively formed which corresponds to the mirror surface 2 in FIG. 2.
  • the layer or plate 10 made of transparent material can simultaneously take on the function of a carrier for the solar modules 1. Otherwise, this layer or plate 10 can also form the support for the reflector surface 2. So if the reflector surface 2 is formed on a film, this can be glued to the facing side of the layer or plate 10.
  • the solar modules 1 also on the outside or to cover the side facing the sun with a transparent layer or plate 12.
  • the solar generator can be designed in the manner of a laminate.

Abstract

The solar generator essentially comprises flat ribbon photovoltaic solar modules (1), arranged in front of a reflector (2) and connected at the ends thereof to a contact rail (3).

Description

Beschreibung Photovoltaischer Solargenerator Description Photovoltaic solar generator
[001 ] Die Erfindung betrifft einen Solargenerator mit mehreren langgestreckten, in gemeinsamer Ebene angeordneten Solarmodulen mit streifenartig angeordneten photovoltaischen Solarzellen zur Umwandlung von Licht, insbesondere der Sonne, in elektrische Energie, sowie mit einer Reflektoranordnung, die zwischen die streifenartig angeordneten Solarzellen einfallendes Licht auf die Solarzellen lenkt.The invention relates to a solar generator with a plurality of elongated, arranged in the same plane solar modules with stripe-like arranged photovoltaic solar cells for converting light, especially the sun, into electrical energy, and with a reflector arrangement, the incident light between the streak-like solar cells on the Steers solar cells.
[002] Derartige Solar generatoren sind aus der WO 00/79593 AI bekannt. Gemäß dieser Druckschrift besteht ein Solargenerator aus einer Vielzahl von paneelartigen So- larmodulen, die auf ihrer dem Licht zugewandten Seite in schmalen Streifen hintereinander angeordnete photovoltaische Solarzellen tragen, wobei zwischen den Solarzellenstreifen spitzdachförmig profilierte Reflektoren angeordnet sind, derart, dass die eine Dachseite auftreffendes Licht auf die dieser Dachseite benachbarte Solarzellenreihe lenkt, während die andere Dachseite das auffallende Licht in entsprechender Weise zu der dieser Dachseite benachbarten Solarzellenreihe reflektiert. In Draufsicht auf die Solarmodule haben die dachprofilförmigen Reflektoren etwa die gleiche Breite wie die Solarzellenreihen.Such solar generators are known from WO 00/79593 AI. According to this publication, a solar generator consists of a multiplicity of panel-like solar modules which, on their side facing the light, carry photovoltaic solar cells arranged one behind the other in narrow strips, with reflective profiled reflectors being arranged between the solar cell strips in such a way that the light striking one roof side is incident the row of solar cells adjacent to this roof side directs, while the other side of the roof reflects the incident light in a corresponding manner to the row of solar cells adjacent to this roof side. In a top view of the solar modules, the roof profile-shaped reflectors have approximately the same width as the rows of solar cells.
[003] Derzeit in der Praxis verwendete photovoltaische Solar generatoren bestehen aus rech teckförm igen flächigen Modulen, die auf ihrer dem Licht zugewandten Seite ganzflächig mit Solarzellen bestückt sind. Diese Module werden zu großflächigen Tafeln zusammengefasst.[003] Photovoltaic solar generators currently used in practice consist of rectangular flat modules which are completely equipped with solar cells on their side facing the light. These modules are combined into large panels.
[004] Bislang erfordern photovoltaische Solargeneratoren auf Grund der notwendig großen Zahl relativ teuerer Solarzellen einen unverhältnismäßig hohen Preis und ϊn- stallationsaufwand, so dass photovoltaische Solargeneratoren nur eine geringe Verbreitung gefunden haben. Die hohen Installationskosten beruhen u.a. darauf, dass mit bisherigen Anlagen eine wünschenswerte Stromausbeute nur erreichbar ist, wenn die Gesamtleistungskapazität der Solarzellen groß ist bzw. eine sehr große Zahl von Solarzellen eingesetzt wird. Darüber hinaus war bisher auch ein hoher Aufwand zur elektrischen Verschaltung der Solarmodule notwendig.[004] Up to now, photovoltaic solar generators have required a disproportionately high price and installation effort due to the large number of relatively expensive solar cells required, so that photovoltaic solar generators have found little use. The high installation costs are based on on the fact that a desirable current yield can only be achieved with previous systems if the total power capacity of the solar cells is large or a very large number of solar cells is used. In addition, a great deal of effort was previously required for the electrical interconnection of the solar modules.
[005] Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es nun, die Installationskosten von Solargeneratoren deutlich zu vermindern.The object of the invention is now to significantly reduce the installation costs of solar generators.
[006J Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß vorzugsweise dadurch gelöst, dass die Solarmodule als langgestreckte Flachbandelemente mit beidseitig angeordneten, bzw. von beiden Seiten mit Licht beaufschlagbaren photovoltaischen Zellen ausgebildet und unter Freilassung streifenförmiger Abstandszonen zwischen benachbarten Flachbandelementen vor einer Reflektorfläche angeordnet sind.This object is preferably achieved in that the solar modules are designed as elongated flat strip elements with photovoltaic cells arranged on both sides or with light from both sides and are arranged in front of a reflector surface, leaving strip-shaped spacing zones between adjacent flat strip elements.
[007] Die Erfindung beruht auf dem allgemeinen Gedanken, Reflektoren dazu einzusetzen, auch die gegenüber direktem Lichteinfall abgeschattete Rückseite flächiger Solarmodule mit Licht zu beaufschlagen. Dadurch wird einerseits der einem Solarmodul zugeführte Lichtstrom vergrößert. Andererseits verteilt sich der Lichtstrom auf eine große Oberfläche, so dass eine übermäßige Erhitzung und ein damit einhergehender absinkender Wirkungsgrad der Solarmodule vermieden wird.The invention is based on the general idea of reflectors to also apply light to the back of flat solar modules, which is shaded from direct light. On the one hand, this increases the luminous flux supplied to a solar module. On the other hand, the luminous flux is distributed over a large surface, so that excessive heating and a concomitant decrease in the efficiency of the solar modules is avoided.
[008J Im Übrigen kann einer unerwünschten Erhitzung der Solarmodule auch durch eine im wesentlichen freitragende Anordnung der Solarmodule vor der Reflektorfläche und die damit mögliche weitestgehend ungehinderte Luftzirkulation beidseitig der Solarmodule entgegengewirkt werden.Incidentally, an undesired heating of the solar modules can also be counteracted by an essentially self-supporting arrangement of the solar modules in front of the reflector surface and the largely unimpeded air circulation possible on both sides of the solar modules.
[009] Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung besitzen die Abstandszonen zwischen den flachbandartigen Solarmodulen zumindest etwa die dreifache Breite der Flachbänder. Damit wird eine „aufgelockerte" Anordnung der Solarmodule gewährleistet.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the spacing zones between the flat-band-like solar modules have at least about three times the width of the flat bands. This ensures a "loosened up" arrangement of the solar modules.
[010] Desweiteren kann zweckmäßig vorgesehen sein, die Reflektorfläche wellenförmig mit zu den Längsachsen der Flachbänder parallelen Wellentälern und -kämmen auszubilden, wobei jede Abstandszone zwischen benachbarten Flachbandmodulen nur von einem mittigen Wellenkamm durchsetzt wird. Damit lenken die Reflektorbereiche beidseitig des Wellenkammes auftreffendes Licht zu den Rückseiten der beiden benachbarten Flachbandmodule um.Furthermore, it can be expedient to provide the reflector surface in a wave shape with wave troughs and ridges parallel to the longitudinal axes of the flat strips, each distance zone between adjacent flat strip modules being penetrated by only one central wave crest. The reflector areas thus deflect light that strikes both sides of the wave crest to the rear sides of the two adjacent flat ribbon modules.
[01 1 ] Jeweils mittig unter jedem Flachbandmodul kann ein weiterer Wellenkamm vorgesehen sein, an dem das jeweilige Flachbandmodul direkt oder indirekt gehaltert ist.[01 1] A further shaft crest can be provided in the middle under each flat ribbon module, on which the respective flat ribbon module is held directly or indirectly.
[012] Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung, für die selbstständiger Schutz beansprucht wird, kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Solarmodule elektrisch mit mo- dulseitigen standartisierten Kontakten an passende standartisierte Gegenkontakte einer Kontaktschiene anschließbar sind.[012] According to a particularly preferred embodiment, for which independent protection is claimed, it can be provided that the solar modules can be electrically connected to suitable standardized mating contacts of a contact rail with standardized contacts on the module side.
[013] Insbesondere kann vorgesehen sein, dass jede Kontaktschiene mit einer Gruppe der fl achbandförmigen Solarmodule verbindbar bzw. verbunden und quer zu den Längsachsen der Flachbänder an deren einem Ende anbringbar bzw. angeordnet ist. Auf diese Weise wird ein besonders übersichtlicher modularer Aufbau geschaffen, wobei einerseits die flachbandförmigen Solarmodule und andererseits auch die Kontaktschiene vergleichsweise leicht austauschbar sind.In particular, it can be provided that each contact rail can be connected or connected to a group of the flat-band-shaped solar modules and can be attached or arranged transversely to the longitudinal axes of the flat bands at one end thereof. In this way, a particularly clear modular structure is created, the flat-band-shaped solar modules on the one hand and the contact rail on the other hand being relatively easy to replace.
[014] Zweckmäßig können innerhalb des Gehäuses der Kontaktschiene elektrische Komponenten, wie insbesondere Wechselrichter, geschützt untergebracht sein, so dass der Solar generator ohne weiteres zur Stromeinspeisung mit einem elektrischen Wech- selstromnetz verbindbar ist.[014] Expediently, electrical components, such as inverters in particular, can be accommodated in a protected manner within the housing of the contact rail, so that the solar generator can be easily connected to an electrical AC network for power supply.
[015] Außerdem können die Kontaktschienen Stromsammeischienen besitzen, die bei aneinander anschließenden Kontaktschienen einen durchlaufenden elektrischen Stromweg bilden, so dass mehrere Solargeneratoren gemeinsam mit dem Wechsel- stromnetz verbindbar sind.[015] In addition, the contact rails can have busbars which, in the case of adjoining contact rails, have a continuous electrical circuit Form a current path so that several solar generators can be connected to the AC network.
[016] Im Übrigen wird hinsichtlich bevorzugter Merkmale der Erfindung auf die Ansprüche sowie die nachfolgende Erläuterung der Zeichnung verwiesen, anhand der ein besonders bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher beschrieben wird.For the rest, with regard to preferred features of the invention, reference is made to the claims and the following explanation of the drawing, on the basis of which a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is described in more detail.
[017] Schutz wird nicht nur für ausdrücklich angegebene bzw. dargestellte Merkmalskombinationen beansprucht. Vielmehr soll sich der Schutz auf prinzipiell beliebige Unterkombinationen der Merkmale beziehen.Protection is not only claimed for expressly specified or shown combinations of features. Rather, the protection should in principle refer to any subcombinations of the features.
[01 8] Es zeigtIt shows
[019] Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Solargenerators,1 is a perspective view of a solar generator according to the invention,
[020] Fig. 2 einen Ausschnitt II der Fig. 1 und2 shows a section II of FIGS. 1 and
[021 ] Fig. 3 einen Ausschnitt III der Fig. 1 ,3 shows a section III from FIG. 1,
[022] Fig. 4 ein Schnittbild einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform und4 shows a sectional view of a modified embodiment and
[023] Fig. 5 den Querschnitt eines Fresnel-Spiegels im Ausschnitt V der Fig. 4.5 shows the cross section of a Fresnel mirror in section V of FIG. 4.
[024] Der in den Fig. 1 bis 3 dargestellte erfindungsgemäße Solargenerator besteht im wesentlichen aus flachbandartigen photovoltaischen Solarmodulen 1, die weitestgehend freitragend über einem Reflektor 2 angeordnet und an ihrem einen Ende mit einer Kontaktschiene 3 verbunden sind.The solar generator according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 consists essentially of flat-band-like photovoltaic solar modules 1, which are arranged largely self-supporting over a reflector 2 and are connected at one end to a contact rail 3.
[025] Die Solarmodule 1 besitzen eine streif enförmige oberseitige Glasscheibe 4 sowie eine entsprechende streifenförmige untere Glasscheibe 5. Beide Glasscheiben sind hochtransparent ausgebildet und unter Zwischenschaltung photovoltaischer Solarzellen 7, die rasterartig auf transparenten Trägern angeordnet sein können, miteinander dicht verbunden. Gegebenenfalls können die Glasscheiben4 und 5 auch einen Kasten zur Aufnahme der Solarzellenanordnungen bilden, die ggf. nach Art von Steckkarten ausgebildet sind, welche sich in nicht näher dargestellte, innerhalb von Randleisten 6 untergebrachte elektrische Kontaktleisten einsetzen lassen.The solar modules 1 have a strip-shaped upper glass pane 4 and a corresponding strip-shaped lower glass pane 5. Both glass panes are designed to be highly transparent and are tightly connected to one another with the interposition of photovoltaic solar cells 7, which can be arranged in a grid-like manner on transparent supports. If necessary, the glass panes 4 and 5 can also form a box for receiving the solar cell arrangements, which may be designed in the manner of plug-in cards, which can be inserted into electrical contact strips (not shown) which are accommodated within edge strips 6.
[026] Der Reflektor 2 besitzt vorzugsweise ein Wellenprofil, dessen Täler und Kämme jeweils parallel zu den Längsachsen der Solarmodule 1 erstreckt sind.The reflector 2 preferably has a wave profile, the valleys and ridges of which each extend parallel to the longitudinal axes of the solar modules 1.
[027] Vorzugsweise liegt jeweils ein Wellenkamm mittig unter einem der Solarmodule 1 , wobei dieser Wellenkamm insbesondere an den Enden des Solarmoduls mit nicht dargestellten Halterungen versehen sein kann, in die sich das jeweilige Solarmodul 1 einsetzen lässt.[027] A wave crest is preferably located centrally under one of the solar modules 1, wherein this wave crest can be provided, in particular at the ends of the solar module, with brackets (not shown) into which the respective solar module 1 can be inserted.
[028] Desweiteren kann der Reflektor 2 jeweils mittig zwischen benachbarten Solarmodulen 1 einen Wellenkamm aufweisen, so dass beidseitig des Wellenkammes auf den Reflektor 2 auftreffendes Licht besonders wirksam gegen die Unterseiten der benachbarten Solarmodule 1 reflektiert wird.[028] Furthermore, the reflector 2 can each have a wave crest centrally between adjacent solar modules 1, so that light incident on the reflector 2 on both sides of the wave crest is reflected particularly effectively against the undersides of the adjacent solar modules 1.
[029] Im dargestellten Beispiel ist das Profil des Reflektors 2 beidseitig der letztgenannten Wellenkämme parabolartig. Grundsätzlich sind jedoch auch andere Profile oder im wesentlichen ebene Reflektoren möglich. Zumindest bei stationär angeordneten Solar generatoren ist die Form des Reflektors 2 von weniger großer Bedeutung, da der Solargenerator nicht dem Sonnenstand nachgeführt werden kann und dementsprechend die Sonne unter ständig wechselnden Winkeln auf den Solargenerator einfällt.In the example shown, the profile of the reflector 2 is parabolic on both sides of the latter wave crests. In principle, however, other profiles are also or essentially flat reflectors possible. At least in the case of stationary solar generators, the shape of the reflector 2 is of less importance, since the solar generator cannot track the position of the sun and, accordingly, the sun falls on the solar generator at constantly changing angles.
[030] Die Kontaktschiene 3 ist vorzugsweise über nicht näher dargestellte standardisierte Kontakte mit entsprechend standardisierten Gegenkontakten an den zugewandten Enden der Solarmodule verbunden, wobei zweckmäßig vorgesehen ist, dass das Gehäuse der Kontaktschiene alle elektrischen Komponenten, wie insbesondere Wechselrichter aufnimmt, die notwendig sind um den Solargenerator mit einem elektrischen Wechselstromnetz zur Einspeisung elektrischer Energie zu verbinden.The contact rail 3 is preferably connected via standardized contacts (not shown in more detail) to correspondingly standardized mating contacts at the facing ends of the solar modules, it being expediently provided that the housing of the contact rail accommodates all electrical components, such as inverters in particular, which are necessary for the Connect the solar generator to an electrical AC network for feeding electrical energy.
[03 1 ] Im Übrigen kann innerhalb der Kontaktschiene 3 eine Stromschienenanordnung vorgesehen sein, die sich elektrisch in die Stromschienenanordnung einer nachfolgenden Kontaktschiene 3 eines zu einem Solargenerator benachbarten Solargenerators fortsetzt. Dadurch können mehrere Solargeneratoren gemeinsam ohne größeren Installationsaufwand mit dem Wechselstromnetz gekoppelt werden.[03 1] In addition, a busbar arrangement can be provided within the contact rail 3, which continues electrically into the busbar arrangement of a subsequent contact rail 3 of a solar generator adjacent to a solar generator. As a result, several solar generators can be coupled to the AC network without major installation effort.
[032] Abweichend von der zeichnerisch dargestellten Ausführungsform können die streifenartigen Solarmodule gegebenenfalls auch „hochkant" angeordnet sein, d.h. die Glasscheiben 4 und 5 nehmen gegenüber der Lage in der Zeichnung eine bezüglich der Längsachse der Module 1 um 90° gedrehte Lage ein.Deviating from the embodiment shown in the drawing, the strip-like solar modules can optionally also be arranged “upright”, i.e. the glass panes 4 and 5 assume a position rotated by 90 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the modules 1 in relation to the position in the drawing.
[033] Außerdem sind auch rohrförmige Solarmodule denkbar.[033] In addition, tubular solar modules are also conceivable.
[034] Fig. 4 zeigt den Querschnitt einer weiteren Variante für den erfindungsgemäßen Solargenerator. Hier ist zwischen den streifenförmigen Solarmodulen 1 und der Reflektorfläche 2 eine transparente Platte 10 angeordnet, die auf ihrer von den Solarmodulen 1 abgewandten Seite die Reflektorfläche 2 trägt. Dabei ist die Reflektorfläche 2 als sogenannter Fresnel-Spiegel ausgebildet, dessen Querschnitt in Fig. 5 im Prinzip dargestellt ist. Der Querschnitt der Reflektorfläche, die durch eine Folie gebildet sein kann, besitzt ein Sägezahnprofil, derart, dass schmale, seitwärts geneigte spiegelnde Streifen gebildet werden, deren Längsachse parallel zur Längsachse der Solarmodule 1 liegt. Die Seitwärtsneigung der spiegelnden Streifen kann unterschiedlich bemessen sein, so dass wirkungsmäßig ein Spiegel gebildet wird, der der Spiegelfläche 2 in Fig. 2 entspricht.4 shows the cross section of a further variant for the solar generator according to the invention. Here, a transparent plate 10 is arranged between the strip-shaped solar modules 1 and the reflector surface 2, which carries the reflector surface 2 on its side facing away from the solar modules 1. The reflector surface 2 is designed as a so-called Fresnel mirror, the cross section of which is shown in FIG. 5 in principle. The cross section of the reflector surface, which can be formed by a film, has a sawtooth profile such that narrow, laterally inclined reflecting strips are formed, the longitudinal axis of which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the solar modules 1. The sideways inclination of the reflective strips can be dimensioned differently, so that a mirror is effectively formed which corresponds to the mirror surface 2 in FIG. 2.
[035] Die Schicht oder Platte 10 aus transparentem Material kann gleichzeitig die Funktion eines Trägers für die Solarmodule 1 übernehmen. Im übrigen kann diese Schicht oder Platte 10 auch den Träger für die Reflektorfläche 2 bilden. Wenn also die Reflektorfläche 2 an einer Folie ausgebildet ist, kann diese mit der zugewandten Seite der Schicht oder Platte 10 verklebt sein.The layer or plate 10 made of transparent material can simultaneously take on the function of a carrier for the solar modules 1. Otherwise, this layer or plate 10 can also form the support for the reflector surface 2. So if the reflector surface 2 is formed on a film, this can be glued to the facing side of the layer or plate 10.
[036] Im übrigen besteht die Möglichkeit, die Solarmodule 1 auch auf ihrer nach außen bzw. zur Sonne weisenden Seite mit einer transparenten Schicht oder Platte 12 zu überdecken. Auf diese Weise kann der Solargenerator nach Art eines Laminates ausgebildet sein. In addition, there is the possibility of the solar modules 1 also on the outside or to cover the side facing the sun with a transparent layer or plate 12. In this way, the solar generator can be designed in the manner of a laminate.

Claims

AnsprücheExpectations
[001] Solargenerator mit mehreren langgestreckten, in gemeinsamer Ebene angeordneten Solarmodulen (1) mit streifenartig angeordneten photovoltaischen Solarzellen (7) zur Umwandlung von Licht, insbesondere der Sonne, in elektrische Energie, sowie mit einer Reflektoranordnung (2), die zwischen die streifenartig angeordneten Solarzellen einfallendes Licht auf die Solarzellen lenkt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Solarmodule (1) als von mehreren Seiten mit Licht beaufschlagbare photovoltaische Zellen ausbildet und unter Freilassung streifenförmiger Abstandszonen zwischen benachbarten Solarmodulen vor einer Reflektorfläche (2) angeordnet sind.Solar generator with a plurality of elongated, arranged in common plane solar modules (1) with stripe-like arranged photovoltaic solar cells (7) for converting light, especially the sun, into electrical energy, and with a reflector arrangement (2) arranged between the stripes Light incident on solar cells directs the solar cells, characterized in that the solar modules (1) are designed as photovoltaic cells that can be exposed to light from several sides and are arranged in front of a reflector surface (2), leaving strip-shaped spacing zones between adjacent solar modules.
[002] Solargenerator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Solarmodule (1) als langgestreckte Flachbandelemente mit zur Reflektorebene etwa paralleler Flachbandebene ausgebildet sind.[002] Solar generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the solar modules (1) are designed as elongated flat strip elements with a flat strip plane approximately parallel to the reflector plane.
[003] Solargenerator nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die photovoltaischen Zellen beidseitig der Flachbandelemente angeordnet sind.[003] Solar generator according to claim 2, characterized in that the photovoltaic cells are arranged on both sides of the ribbon elements.
[004] Solargenerator nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abstandszonen zumindest etwa die doppelte Breite der Flachbänder aufweisen.[004] Solar generator according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the distance zones have at least approximately twice the width of the flat strips.
[005] Solargenerator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Reflektorfläche (2) wellenförmig mit zu den Längsachsen der Solarmodule (1) parallelen Wellentälern und -kämmen ausgebildet ist, wobei die Abstandszone nur von einem mittigen Wellenkamm durchsetzt wird.Solar generator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the reflector surface (2) is wave-shaped with parallel to the longitudinal axes of the solar modules (1) wave troughs and crests, the distance zone being penetrated only by a central wave crest.
[006] Solargenerator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Reflektorfläche (2) als im wesentlichen ebener Fresnel-Spiegel mit zur Längsrichtung der streifenförmigen Solarmodule parallelen streifenförmigen Spiegelsektion ausgebildet ist. [007] Solargenerator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeweils mittig unter jedem Solarmodul (1) eine wellenkammartige Erhebung des Reflektors (2) erstreckt ist, wobei das jeweilige Solarmodul direkt oder indirekt an dieser Erhebung gehaltert ist. [008] Solargenerator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen der Reflektorfläche und den Solarmodulen eine Schicht oder Platte (10) aus transparentem Material angeordnet ist. [009] Solargenerator mit mehreren, in gemeinsamer Ebene erstreckten Solarmodulen, insbesondere nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Solarmodule (1) elektrisch mit modulseitigen standardisierten Kontakten an passende standardisierte Gegenkontakte einer Kontaktschiene (3) anschließbar sind. [010] Solargenerator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede Kontaktschiene (3) mit einer Gruppe der flachbandförmigen So- 'larmodule (1) verbindbar bzw. verbunden und quer zu den Längsachsen der Flachbänder an deren einem Ende anbringbar bzw. angeordnet ist. [011] Solargenerator nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass innerhalb des Gehäuses der Kontaktschiene (3) elektrische Komponenten, wie insbesondere Wechselrichter, geschützt untergebracht sind. [006] Solar generator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the reflector surface (2) is designed as a substantially flat Fresnel mirror with strip-shaped mirror sections parallel to the longitudinal direction of the strip-shaped solar modules. [007] Solar generator according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a wave crest-like elevation of the reflector (2) extends in the middle under each solar module (1), the respective solar module being held directly or indirectly on this elevation. [008] Solar generator according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a layer or plate (10) made of transparent material is arranged between the reflector surface and the solar modules. [009] Solar generator with a plurality of solar modules extending in a common plane, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the solar modules (1) can be electrically connected to suitable standardized mating contacts of a contact rail (3) with standardized contacts on the module side. Solar generator according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each contact rail (3) with a group of flat ribbon-shaped solar modules (1) can be connected or connected and can be attached or attached transversely to the longitudinal axes of the flat strips at one end thereof is arranged. [011] Solar generator according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that within the housing of the contact rail (3) electrical components, such as in particular inverters, are housed protected.
PCT/EP2005/050358 2004-01-28 2005-01-28 Photovoltaic solar generator WO2005074040A2 (en)

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