WO2005069794B1 - Tamper-proof container - Google Patents
Tamper-proof containerInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005069794B1 WO2005069794B1 PCT/US2004/043836 US2004043836W WO2005069794B1 WO 2005069794 B1 WO2005069794 B1 WO 2005069794B1 US 2004043836 W US2004043836 W US 2004043836W WO 2005069794 B1 WO2005069794 B1 WO 2005069794B1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- optical fiber
- optical
- detection system
- original
- path
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract 176
- 230000003287 optical Effects 0.000 claims abstract 120
- 230000001603 reducing Effects 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims 99
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 230000001702 transmitter Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 230000003213 activating Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000004059 degradation Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N AI2O3 Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002708 enhancing Effects 0.000 claims 1
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract 4
Abstract
A sheet includes an optical fiber extending across at least a portion of its surface to detect a breach or nuclear radiation. The sheet can line at least a portion of a container or a fence. A breach of the, sheet or radiation within or near the sheet reduces optical transmissibility of the fiber. The fiber integrates the radiation over time and/or over the length and volumetric mass of the fiber, making the fiber sensitive to even low-level radiation. The optical fiber is monitored for a change in its transmissibility. A reduction in the transmissibility, such as to below a threshold, can trigger an alarm, such as an annunciator, or send a message that includes information about the time or the container's contents or location when the breach or radiation is detected to a central location, such as a ship's control room or port notification system.
Claims
1. (Currently Amended) A tamper detection system for a multisided shipping container comprising: a plurality of liner panels, each sized to line an interior wall of a respective side of the shipping container; each of the liner panels having an optical fiber embedded therein and extending in a path across substantially the entire area of the panel, the optical fiber having a first end and a second end; and each of the liner panels having a first coupler connected to the first end of the optical fiber and a second coupler connected to the second end of the optical fiber; wherein at least one of the couplers of each panel is operative to interconnect to at least one of the couplers of another panel to provide a continuous path through the interconnected optical fibers of the interconnected panels.
2. (Currently Amended) The tamper detection system of claim 1, further comprising: a circuit configured to detect a change in an optical characteristic of the continuous path.
3. (Currently Amended) The tamper detection system of claim 2, further comprising: a light source optically connected to one end of the continuous path; and a light detector optically connected to another end of the continuous path, wherein the circuit uses a signal from the light detector to detect the change in the optical characteristic of the continuous path.
4. (Currently Amended) The tamper detection system of claim 3, further comprising an alarm connected to the circuit, the circuit being configured to activate the alarm if the circuit detects the change in the optical characteristic of the continuous path.
5. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 4, wherein the optical path comprises an optical fiber.
6. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 5, wherein the at least one first liner sheet is configured for attachment to the at least a portion of the interior surface of the container.
37 7. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 1, wherein the optical path comprises an optical fiber.
8. (Currently Amended) The tamper detection system of claim 7, wherein the optical fiber of each liner panel; is woven into the respective first liner panel.
9. (Currently Amended) The tamper detection system of claim 8, wherein each liner panel comprises a carpet.
10. (Currently Amended) The tamper detection system of claim 8, wherein each liner panel comprises a semi-rigid panel.
11. (Currently Amended) The tamper detection system of claim 7, wherein each optical fiber is molded into the respective liner panel.
12. (Currently Amended) The tamper detection system of claim 7, wherein each optical fiber is sandwiched between two layers of the respective liner panel.
13. (Currently Amended) The tamper detection system of claim 7, wherein each optical fiber is attached to a surface of the at least respective liner panel.
14. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 7, further comprising: a light source optically connected to one end of the optical fiber; a light detector optically connected to another end of the optical fiber; and a circuit connected to the light detector and configured to activate if an optical characteristic of the optical path changes.
15. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 14, further comprising an alarm connected to the circuit and configured to be activated if the optical characteristic of the optical path changes.
16. (Currently Amended) The tamper detection system of claim 14, further comprising: a wireless transmitter connected to the circuit and configured to transmit a signal if the circuit detects the change in the optical characteristic of the continuous path.
38
17. (Currently Amended) The tamper detection system of claim 16, further comprising: a wireless receiver configured to receive the signal; and an alarm connected to the wireless receiver and configured to provide an indication if the optical characteristic of the continuous path changes.
18. (Currently Amended) The tamper detection system of claim 14, further comprising a wireless system aboard a vessel configured to notify a port system of an approach of the vessel, the wireless system being further configured to notify the port system if the optical characteristic of the continuous path has changed.
19. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 7, wherein the at least one first Hner sheet comprises a flexible, rollable material that can be unrolled prior to attachment to the at least one of the interior surfaces of the container.
20. (Currently Amended) The tamper detection system of claim 7, wherein each liner panel comprises a rigid panel.
21. (Currently Amended) The tamper detection system of claim 7, wherein at least one of the liner panels comprises a plurality of hinged panels.
22. (Currently Amended) The tamper detection system of claim 21, wherein the at least one of the liner panels comprises four hinged panels.
23. (Currently Amended) The tamper detection system of claim 21 , wherein the at least one of the liner panels comprises six panels.
24. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 21, wherein each hinged panel is sized to correspond to one of the interior surfaces of the container.
25. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 24, wherein the container is a rectangular shipping container.
26. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 24, wherein the container is an aircraft shipping container.
27. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 24, wherein the container includes at least one curved surface.
28. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 24, wherein the at least one liner sheet comprises six hinged panels.
29. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 24, wherein the at least one liner sheet comprises four hinged panels.
30. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 24, wherein at least one of the hinged panels comprises a plurality of hinged sub-panels.
31. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 7, wherein the at least one first liner sheet includes a first optical connector optically attached to an end of the optical fiber.
32. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 31 , further comprising: a second liner sheet for lining at least at least a second portion of at least one of the interior surfaces of the container, the second liner sheet having a second area and including a second optical fiber extending across at least a portion of the second area such that a breach of the second portion of the container interior surface causes a change in an optical characteristic of the second optical fiber; and a second optical connector optically attached to an end of the second optical fiber; wherein the optical fiber of the first liner sheet is optically coupled to the second optical fiber of the second liner sheet via the optical connectors.
33. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 32, wherein the second liner sheet comprises a plurality of hinged panels.
34. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 33, wherein the second liner sheet comprises four hinged panels.
35. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 33, wherein each hinged panel is sized to correspond to one of the interior surfaces of the container.
36. (Currently Amended) The tamper detection system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of liner panels includes a second optical fiber extending across at least a portion of the area of the liner panel, the second optical fiber providing a second optical path.
37. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 36, wherein the two optical fibers are optically connected together in series to form an extended optical path; and further comprising: a light source optically connected to an end of the extended optical path; a light detector optically connected to the other end of the extended optical path; and a circuit connected to the light detector and configured to activate an alarm if an optical characteristic of the optical path of either optical fiber changes.
38. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 36, wherein the two optical fibers are optically connected together in parallel; and further comprising: a light detector circuit connected to the two optical fibers and configured to activate an alarm if an optical characteristic of both optical fibers changes.
39. (Original) A method of fabricating a tamper detection panel, comprising: forming at least one groove in a surface of a substrate; and inserting an optical fiber in the at least one groove.
40. (Original) The method of claim 39, further comprising: fixing the optical fiber in the at least one groove.
41. (Original) The method of claim 39, further comprising: overlaying the surface of the substrate with a layer.
42. (Original) The method of claim 41, further comprising:
41 prior to overlaying the surface of the substrate with the layer, forming at least one groove in a surface of the layer such that, when the substrate is overlaid with the layer, the layer surface groove aligns with the at least one substrate surface groove to capture the optical fiber there between.
43. (Currently amended) A method of detecting tampering with a container or presence of a substance within the container, the container having one or more interior surfaces, comprising: lining at least a portion of at least one of the interior surfaces of the container with a material having an optical fiber extending across at least a portion of the material; illuminating one end of the optical fiber; and monitoring the illumination at the other end of the optical fiber.
44. (Original) The method of claim 43, further comprising: detecting a cessation of the illumination at the other end of the optical fiber; and responsive to detecting the cessation of the illumination, activating an alarm.
45. (Currently Amended) A method of detecting tampering with a multisided shipping container or the presence of a substance within the container,, comprising: lining the interior surface of each wall of the shipping container with a panel sized for the respective interior surface and that has an optical fiber embedded therein and extending in a path across substantially the entire area of the panel; providing couplers connected to the respective ends of the optical fiber of each panel; interconnecting the couplers to interconnect the optical fibers of the panels to provide a continuous path; and monitoring the continuous path for a change in an optical characteristic thereof, wherein the change in the optical characteristic is caused by the tampering with the container or by the presence of the substance within the container.
46. (Currently Amended) The method of claim 45, further comprising:
42 responsive to a change in the optical characteristic of the continuous path, activating an alarm.
47. (Currently Amended) The method of claim 45, further comprising: responsive to a change in the optical characteristic of the continuous path, sending a wireless signal.
48. (Original) A shipping container, comprising: at least one wall having an area and defining an optical path extending across at least a portion of the area of the wall, wherein the optical path has an optical characteristic and, if a portion of the wall is breached, the optical characteristic is changed.
49. (Original) The shipping container of claim 48, further comprising a circuit configured to detect the change in the optical characteristic of the optical path.
50. (Original) The shipping container of claim 49, further comprising: a light source optically connected to one end of the optical path; and a light detector optically connected to another end of the optical path, wherein the circuit uses a signal from the light detector to detect the change in the optical characteristic of the optical path.
51. (Original) The shipping container of claim 50, further comprising an alarm connected to the circuit, the circuit being configured to activate the alarm if the circuit detects the change in the optical characteristic of the optical path.
52. (Original) The shipping container of claim 51, wherein the optical path comprises an optical fiber.
53. (Original) The shipping container of claim 52, wherein the optical fiber is sandwiched between layers of the wall.
54. (Original) The shipping container of claim 52, wherein the optical fiber is attached to a surface of the wall.
43
55. (Currently Amended) A tamper detection system for a container having one or more interior surfaces, comprising: at least one first liner sheet for lining at least a portion of at least one of the interior surfaces of the container, the first liner sheet having an area and defining an optical path extending across at least a portion of the area such that a breach of the at least a portion of the container interior surface causes a change in an optical characteristic of the optical path; a location determining system; and a circuit connected to the location determining system and configured to: detect the change in the optical characteristic of the optical path; and, if the circuit detects the change in the optical characteristic of the optical path, determine the location of the container.
56. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 55, further comprising a memory, the circuit being further configured to store the location of the container in the memory if the circuit detects the change in the optical characteristic of the optical path.
57. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 56, the circuit being further configured to store a time at which the circuit detects the change in the optical characteristic of the optical path.
58. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 55, further comprising a wireless transmitter connected to the circuit and configured to transmit the location of the container if the circuit detects the change in the optical characteristic of the optical path.
44
59. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 57, wherein the wireless transmitter is further configured to transmit the time at which the circuit detects the change in the optical characteristic of the optical path.
60. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 55, further comprising a memory, the circuit being further configured to store information about persons having access to the interior of the container in the memory,
61. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 60, further comprising a wireless transmitter connected to the circuit and configured to transmit the information about persons having access to the interior of the container if the circuit detects the change in the optical characteristic of the optical path.
62. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 55, further comprising a memory, the circuit being further configured to store a history of contents of the container in the memory.
63. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 62, further comprising a wireless transmitter connected to the circuit and configured to transmit the information about persons having access to the interior of the container if the circuit detects the change in the optical characteristic of the optical path.
64. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 55, further comprising a memory, the circuit being further configured to store the location of the container in the memory under at least one predetermined condition.
45
65. (Currently Amended) The method of claim45, further comprising: detecting the change in the optical characteristic of the illumination at the other end of the optical fiber.
66. (Original) The method of claim 65, wherein detecting the change in the characteristic of the illumination at the other end of the optical fiber comprises detecting a decrease in the illumination.
67. (Original) The method of claim 65, further comprising: responsive to detecting the change in the characteristic, activating an alarm.
68. (Original) The method of claim 43, wherein the optical fiber is such that an optical characteristic of the optical fiber is affected by radiation impinging on the optical fiber.
69. (Currently Amended) The method of claim 45, wherein the optical fiber of at least one of the panels is such that an optical characteristic of the optical fiber is affected by nuclear radiation impinging on the optical fiber.
70. (Currently Amended) The method of claim 45, wherein the optical fiber of at least one of the panels is such that an optical characteristic of the optical fiber is affected by gamma radiation impinging on the optical fiber.
71. (Currently Amended) The method of claim 45, wherein the optical fiber of at least one of the panels is such that a light-carrying capacity of the optical fiber is affected by nuclear radiation impinging on the optical fiber.
72. (Currently Amended) The method of claim 45, wherein the optical fiber of at least one of the panels is such that a light-carrying capacity of the optical fiber is affected by gamma radiation impinging on the optical fiber.
73. (Original) The method of claim 45, wherein monitoring the optical path comprises monitoring the optical path for a decrease in a light-carrying capacity thereof.
46
74. (Currently Amended) The method of claim 45, wherein the optical fiber is such that an optical characteristic of the optical fiber is affected by radiation impinging thereon.
75. (Original) The method of claim 45, wherein the optical path is such that an optical characteristic of the optical path is affected by nuclear radiation impinging thereon.
76. (Original) The method of claim 45, wherein the optical path is such that an optical characteristic of the optical path is affected by gamma radiation impinging thereon.
77. (Currently Amended) The method of claim 45, wherein the optical path is such that a light- carrying capacity characteristic of the optical path is affected by nuclear radiation impinging thereon.
78. (Original) The method of claim 77, wherein monitoring the optical path comprises monitoring the optical path for a decrease in light-carrying capacity of the optical path.
79. (Currently Amended) The method of claim 45, wherein the optical path is such that a light- carrying capacity characteristic of the optical path is affected by gamma radiation impinging thereon.
80. (Original) The method of claim 45, wherein the optical path comprises an optical fiber, an optical characteristic of which is affected by nuclear radiation impinging thereon.
81. (Original) The method of claim 45, wherein the optical path comprises an optical fiber, an optical characteristic of which is affected by gamma radiation impinging thereon.
82. (Original) The method of claim 45, wherein the optical path comprises an optical fiber, the optical characteristic of the optical path is a light-carrying capacity of the optical fiber, and the light-carrying capacity of the optical fiber is reduced by gamma radiation impinging thereon.
83. (Original) A radiation detection system for a container having one or more interior surfaces, comprising: at least one liner sheet for lining at least a portion of at least one of the interior surfaces of the container, the liner sheet having an area and having an optical fiber extending across
47 at least a portion of the area, such that nuclear radiation impinging on the optical fiber causes a change in an optical characteristic of the optical fiber.
84. (Original) The radiation detection system of claim 83, wherein the change in the optical characteristic is a decrease in light-carrying capacity.
85. (Original) The radiation detection system of claim 84, wherein the nuclear radiation includes gamma radiation.
86. (Original) The radiation detection system of claim 84, wherein the nuclear radiation includes neutron radiation.
87. (Original) The radiation detection system of claim 83, wherein the nuclear radiation includes gamma radiation.
88. (Original) The radiation detection system of claim 83, wherein the nuclear radiation includes neutron radiation.
89. (Original) The radiation detection system of claim 83 , further comprising: a circuit configured to detect the change in the optical characteristic of the optical fiber.
90. (Currently Amended) The radiation detection system of claim89, further comprising: a light source optically connected to one end of the optical fiber; and a light detector optically connected to another end of the optical fiber, wherein the circuit uses a signal from the light detector to detect the change in the optical characteristic of the optical fiber.
91. (Original) The radiation detection system of claim 90, further comprising an alarm connected to the circuit, the circuit being configured to activate the alarm if the circuit detects the change in the optical characteristic of the optical fiber.
92. (Original) A radiation detection system comprising:
48 at least one panel having an area and having an optical fiber extending across at least a portion of the area, such that nuclear radiation impinging on the optical fiber causes a decrease in light-carrying capacity of the optical fiber; a light source configured to produce light having a wavelength less than or equal to about 980 nm optically connected to one end of the optical fiber; a light detector optically connected to another end of the optical fiber; and a circuit connected to the light detector and configured to detect the decrease in light- carrying capacity of the optical fiber.
93. (Original) The radiation detection system of claim 92, wherein the light source is configured to produce light having a wavelength less than or equal to about 600 nm.
94. (Original) The radiation detection system of claim 92, wherein the light source is configured to produce light having a wavelength less than or equal to about 540 nm.
95. .(Original) The radiation detection system of claim 92, wherein the light source is configured to produce light having a wavelength less than or equal to about 502 nm.
96. (Original) The radiation detection system of claim 92, wherein the light source is configured to produce light having a wavelength less than or equal to about 472 nm.
97- (Original) A radiation detection system comprising: at least one panel having an area and having an optical fiber extending across at least a portion of the area, such that nuclear radiation impinging on the optical fiber causes a decrease in light-carrying capacity of the optical fiber; a light source configured to produce light having at least a short-wavelength component and a long-wavelength component optically coupled to a first end of the optical fiber; a first light detector optically connected to a second end of the optical fiber and configured to receive one of the wavelength components without receiving the other wavelength component; a second light detector optically connected to the second end of the optical fiber; a difference circuit connected to the first and second light detectors and configured to detect t difference between the intensity of the received short-wavelength component and the received ong-wavelength component,
49
98. (Original) The radiation detection system of claim.97, wherein the second light detector is configured to receive the other wavelength component without receiving the wavelength component received by the first light detector.
99. (Original) A radiation detection system comprising: at least one panel having an area and having an optical fiber extending across at least a portion of the area, such that nuclear radiation impinging on the optical fiber causes a decrease in light-carrying capacity of the optical fiber, wherein the optical fiber includes a dopant that increases sensitivity of the optical fiber to decrease the light-carrying capacity as a result of the nuclear radiation impinging thereon; a light source optically connected to one end of the optical fiber; a light detector optically connected to another end of the optical fiber; and a circuit connected to the light detector and configured to detect the decrease in light- carrying capacity of the optical fiber.
100. (Original) The radiation detection system of claim 8, wherein the dopant is at least one of erbium, ytterbium, aluminum, phosphorus, germanium and lanthanum.
101. (Original) The radiation detection system of claim 8, wherein the optical fiber includes about 0.18 mol % Yb5 about 4.2 mole percent Al2O3 and about 0.9 mol % P2O5.
102. (Original) The radiation detection system of claim 8, wherein the optical fiber includes about 2.0 mol % La and about 6.0 mol % Al2O3.
103. (Original) The radiation detection system of claim 8, wherein the optical fiber includes no fluorine in its core.
104. (Original) A radiation detection system comprising: at least one panel having an area and having an optical fiber extending across at least a portion of the area, such that nuclear radiation impinging on the optical fiber causes a decrease in light-carrying capacity of the optical fiber, wherein the optical fiber includes a dopant that increases an index of refraction of a core of the optical fiber; a light source optically connected to one end of the optical fiber; a light detector optically connected to another end of the optical fiber; and
50 a circuit connected to the light detector and configured to detect the decrease in light- carrying capacity of the optical fiber.
105. (Currently Amended) The radiation detection system of claim! 04, wherein the dopant is phosphorus.
106. (Currently Amended) A method of detecting nuclear radiation, comprising: disposing at least one optical fiber inside a shipping container; illuminating one end of the optical fiber; exposing the optical fiber to the nuclear radiation for at least one day, thereby integrating the effect of the nuclear radiation on the optical fiber over time; and monitoring the illumination at the other end of the optical fiber.
107. (Currently Amended) The method of claiml 06, further comprising: detecting a reduction in the transmissibility of the optical fiber.
108. (Original) The method of claim 107, further comprising: responsive to detecting the reduction in the transmissibility of the optical fiber, activating an alarm.
109. (Original) The method of claim 106, wherein the exposing the optical fiber to the nuclear radiation comprises exposing the optical fiber to nuclear radiation from within the shipping container.
110. (Original) The method of claim 106, wherein the exposing the optical fiber to the nuclear radiation comprises exposing the optical fiber to nuclear radiation from outside the shipping container.
111. (Original) The method of claim 106, wherein the disposing the optical fiber comprises disposing at least 1 km of optical fiber proximate to the shipping container.
112. (Original) The method of claim 106, wherein the disposing the optical fiber comprises disposing the optical fiber within the shipping container.
51
113. (Currently Amended) A method of detecting nuclear radiation, comprising: disposing an optical fiber inside each of a plurality of shipping containers and associating each optical fiber with the respective shipping container; illuminating one end of each of the optical fibers; monitoring the illumination at the other end of each of the optical fibers; detecting a reduction in a transmissibility of at least some of the optical fibers; identifying two or more shipping containers respectively associated with at least some of the optical fibers in which the reductions in transmissibility are detected; and using information about geometric placement of the identified shipping containers to identify a location of the nuclear radiation.
114. (Original) A tamper detection system, comprising: a first rectangular liner sheet having a first area and defining a fiber-optic path extending across at least a portion of the first area, the first liner sheet including two parallel foldable regions, each foldable region extending laterally across the smaller dimension of the rectangular liner sheet; a second liner sheet having a second area and defining a fiber-optic path extending across at least a portion of the second area; a third rectangular liner sheet having a third area and defining a fiber-optic path extending across at least a portion of the third area, the third liner sheet including a foldable region extending laterally across the small dimension of the rectangular liner sheet, thereby defining a hingable portion of the third liner sheet; a coupler interconnecting the fiber-optic path of the first liner sheet and the fiber-optic path of the second liner sheet; and a coupler interconnecting the fiber-optic path of the first liner sheet and the fiber-optic path of the third liner sheet.
115. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 114, further comprising a circuit operable to detect a change in an optical characteristic of at least one of the first, second and third fiber-optic path.
116. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 114, further comprising: a light source optically connected to one end of the optical path through the first, second md third liner sheet;
52 a light detector optically connected to the other end of the optical path through the first, second and third liner sheet; and a circuit connected to the light source and the light detector and operable to detect a change in an optical characteristic of at least one of the first, second and third fiber-optic path.
117. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 116, wherein the connection between the light source and the end of the optical path extends between the second liner sheet and the third liner sheet when the hingable portion of the third liner sheet is closed.
118. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 116, wherein the connection between the light detector and the end of the optical path extends between the second liner sheet and the third liner sheet when the hingable portion of the third liner sheet is closed.
119. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 116, wherein the light source is electromagnetically coupled to the circuit when the hingable portion of the third liner sheet is closed.
120. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 116, wherein the light detector is electromagnetically coupled to the circuit when the hingable portion of the third liner sheet is closed.
121. (Original) The tamper detection system of claim 114, such that nuclear radiation impinging on the fiber-optic path of at least one of the first, second and third liner sheet causes a change in an optical characteristic of the fiber-optic path.
122. -
123. (Cancelled)
124. (New) A tamper detection system for a multisided container, comprising: a plurality of liner panels, each sized to line an interior wall of a respective side of the container; each of the liner panels having an optical fiber embedded therein and extending in a path icross substantially the entire area of the panel, the optical fiber having a first end and a second end; each of the liner panels having a first coupler connected to the first end of the optical fiber md a second coupler connected to the second end of the optical fiber;
53 wherein at least one of the couplers of each, panel is operative to interconnect to at least one of the couplers of another panel to provide a continuous path through the interconnected optical fibers of the interconnected panels; further comprising: a location determining system; and a circuit connected to the location determining system and configured to: detect a change in an optical characteristic of the continuous path; and, if the circuit detects the change in the optical characteristic of the continuous path, determine the location of the container.
125. (New) The system of claim I5 wherein the optical fiber of each of the plurality of liner panels extends in a serpentine path across substantially the entire area of the panel.
126. (New) The system of claim 125, wherein the spacing between adjacent portions of the optical fiber is of a smaller size than a breach that could comprise the security of the container.
127. (New) The system of claim 125, wherein the spacing between adjacent portions of the optical fiber is sufficiently small to cause breakage or degradation of the optical fiber in reaction to an attempted breach of the panel.
128. (New) The system of claim 1 , wherein: at least one of the first and second couplers of at least one of the plurality of panel liners is operative to be coupled to a light source; and
at least one of the first and second couplers of at least one of the plurality of panel liners is operative to be coupled to a light detector.
129. (New) The system of claim 1, wherein the first end and the second end of the optical fiber of each of the plurality of panel liners is each at an edge of the panel.
130. (New) The system of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of panel liners is rectangular.
131. (New) The system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the panel liners has at least one hingable region extending across the panel to define at least two foldable portions of the panel.
54
132. (New) The system of claim 1, wherein the optical fiber of each of the plurality of liner panels is non-woven into the respective panel.
133. (New) The system of claim 1 , wherein each of the interior walls of the shipping container is lined by a respective one of the plurality of liner panels.
134. (New) A tamper detection system for a multisided shipping container, comprising: a plurality of liner panels, each sized to line an interior wall of a respective side of the shipping container; each of the liner panels having an optical fiber embedded therein and extending in a path across substantially the entire area of the panel, the optical fiber having a first end and a second end; wherein: the optical fiber is such that an optical characteristic of the optical fiber is affected by radiation impinging on the optical fiber; each of the liner panels has a first coupler connected to the first end of the optical fiber and a second coupler connected to the second end of the optical fiber; and at least one of the couplers of each panel is operative to interconnect to at least one of the couplers of another panel to provide a continuous path through the interconnected optical fibers of the interconnected panels.
135. (New) A radiation detection system for a multisided container, comprising: a plurality of liner panels, each sized to line an interior wall of a respective side of the container; each of the liner panels having an optical fiber embedded therein and extending in a path across substantially the entire area of the panel, the optical fiber having a first end and a second end; the optical fiber being reactive to nuclear radiation impinging on the panel to cause a decrease in light-carrying capacity of the optical fiber; the ends of the optical fiber of the plurality of liner panels being interconnected to provide a continuous optical path through the plurality of liner panels; a light source optically coupled to one end of the optical fiber path of the interconnected liner panels for introducing light; a light detector optically coupled to the other end of the optical path of the interconnected liner panels for receiving light from the optical path; and
55 a circuit connected to the light detector and operative to detect the decrease in light-carrying capacity of the optical fiber and to provide an indication thereof.
136. (New) The system of claim 135 wherein the optical fiber extends in a serpentine path across substantially the entire area of the panel.
137. (New) The system of claim 135 wherein the spacing between adjacent portions of the optical fiber is of a smaller size than a breach that could comprise the security of the container.
138. (New) The system of claim 135 wherein the spacing between adjacent portions of the optical fiber is sufficiently small to cause breakage or degradation of the optical fiber in. reaction to an attempted breach of the panel.
139. (New) The system of claim 135 wherein: at least one of the couplers of at least one of the liner panels is operative to be coupled to a light source; and at least one of the couplers of at least one of the liner panels is operative to be coupled to a light detector.
140. (New) The system of claim 135, wherein each of the plurality of liner panels is rectangular.
141. (New) A radiation detection system for a multisided container, comprising: a plurality of liner panels, each sized to line an interior wall of a respective side of the container; each of the liner panels having an optical fiber extending in a path across substantially the entire area of the panel, the optical fiber having a first end and a second end; the optical fiber being reactive to nuclear radiation impinging on the panel to cause a decrease in light-carrying capacity of the optical fiber; the optical fiber of the plurality of liner panels providing one or more optical paths through the plurality of liner panels; a light source for providing light to the one or more optical paths; a light detector for receiving light from the one or more optical fiber paths; and a circuit connected to the light detector and operative to detect the decrease in light-carrying ■apacity of the optical fibers and to provide an indication thereof.
56
142. (New) The radiation detection system of claim 141, wherein the light source provides light having a wavelength that enhances the sensitivity of the optical fiber to the radiation-induced decrease in light-carrying capacity of the optical fiber.
143. (New) A radiation detection system for a multisided container comprising: a plurality of liner panels, each sized to line an interior wall of a respective side of the container; each of the liner panels having an optical fiber extending in a path across substantially the entire area of the panel, the optical fiber having a first end and a second end; the optical fiber being reactive to nuclear radiation impinging on the panel to cause a decrease in h'ght-carrying capacity of the optical fiber; the ends of the optical fiber of at least some of the plurality of liner panels being interconnected to provide a continuous optical path through the interconnected liner panels; a light source for providing light to the optical fibers; a light detector for receiving light from the optical fibers; and a circuit connected to the light detector and operative to detect the decrease in light-carrying capacity of the optical fibers and to provide an indication thereof.
144. (New) A tamper detection system, comprising: a first rectangular liner sheet having a first area and containing a fiber-optic path extending across at least a portion of the first area, the first liner sheet including two parallel hingable regions, each hingable region extending laterally across the smaller dimension of the rectangular liner sheet; a second liner sheet having a second area and containing a fiber-optic path extending across at least a portion of the second area; a third rectangular liner sheet having a third area and containing a fiber-optic path extending across at least a portion of the third area, the third liner sheet including a hingable region extending laterally across the small dimension of the rectangular liner sheet, thereby defining a door; a coupler interconnecting the fiber-optic path of the first liner sheet and the fiber-optic path of the second liner sheet; and a coupler interconnecting the fiber-optic path of the first liner sheet and the fiber-optic path of the third liner sheet.
57
145. (New) The tamper detection system of claim 144, further comprising a circuit operable to detect a change in an optical characteristic of at least one of the first, second and third fiber-optic path.
146. (New) The tamper detection system of claim 144, further comprising: a light source optically connected to one end of the optical path through the first, second and third liner sheet; a light detector optically connected to the other end of the optical path through the first, second and third liner sheet; and a circuit connected to the light source and the light detector and operable to detect a change in an optical characteristic of at least one of the first, second and third fiber-optic path.
147. (New) The tamper detection system of claim 146, wherein the connection between the light source and the end of the optical path extends between the second liner sheet and the third liner sheet when the door of the third liner sheet is closed.
148. (New) The tamper detection system of claim 146, wherein the connection between the light detector and the end of the optical path extends between the second liner sheet and the third liner sheet when the door of the third liner sheet is closed.
149. (New) The tamper detection system of claim 146, wherein the light source is electromagnetically coupled to the circuit when the door of the third liner sheet is closed.
150. (New) The tamper detection system of claim 146, wherein the light detector is electromagnetically coupled to the circuit when the door of the third liner sheet is closed.
151. (New) The tamper detection system of claim 144, such that nuclear radiation impinging on the fiber-optic path of at least one of the first, second and third liner sheet causes a change in an optical characteristic of the fiber-optic path.
152. (New) A tamper detection system, comprising: a first liner sheet containing a fiber-optic path extending across at least a portion of the first sheet;
58 a second liner sheet containing a fiber-optic path extending across at least a portion of the second sheet; at least one of the first and second liner sheets having at least one hingable region extending laterally across the liner sheet to define at least two foldable portions of the sheet; and a coupler interconnecting the fiber-optic path of the first liner sheet and the fiber-optic path of the second liner sheet.
153. (New) The tamper detection system of claim 152, further comprising a circuit operable to detect a change in an optical characteristic of at least one of the first and second fiber-optic path.
154. (New) The tamper detection system of claim 152, further comprising: a light source optically connected to one end of the optical path through the first and second liner sheet; a light detector optically connected to the other end of the optical path through the first and second liner sheet; and a circuit connected to the light source and the light detector and operable to detect a change in an optical characteristic of at least one of the first and second fiber-optic path.
155. (New) The tamper detection system of claim 152, such that nuclear radiation impinging on the fiber-optic path of at least one of the first and second liner sheet causes a change in an optical characteristic of the fiber-optic path.
156. (New) A tamper detection system, comprising: a first liner sheet having a first area and a fiber-optic path extending across at least a portion of the first area, the first liner sheet including at least one hingable region extending laterally across the rectangular liner sheet to define at least two foldable portions of the first liner sheet; a second liner sheet having a second area and a fiber-optic path extending across at least a portion of the second area; a third liner sheet having a third area and a fiber-optic path extending across at least a portion of the third area, the third liner sheet including at least one hingable region extending aterally across the rectangular liner sheet to define at least two foldable portions of the third liner iheet; a coupler interconnecting the fiber-optic path of the first liner sheet and the fiber-optic path if the second liner sheet; and
59 a coupler interconnecting the fiber-optic path of the first liner sheet and the fiber-optic path of the third liner sheet.
157. (New) The system of claim 156 wherein the optical fiber extends in a serpentine path across substantially the entire area of the panel.
158. (New) The system of claim 157 wherein the spacing between adjacent portions of the optical fiber is of a smaller size than a breach that could comprise the security of the container.
159. (New) The system of claim 157 wherein the spacing between adjacent portions of the optical fiber is sufficiently small to cause breakage or degradation of the optical fiber in reaction to an attempted breach of the panel,
160. (New) The system of claim 156 wherein: at least one of the couplers of at least one of the liner panels is operative to be coupled to a light source; and at least one of the couplers of at least one of the liner panels is operative to be coupled to a light detector.
161. (New) The system of claim 1565 wherein: the first liner sheet is rectangular; and the third liner sheet is rectangular.
60
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04815832A EP1711785A4 (en) | 2004-01-09 | 2004-12-30 | Tamper-proof container |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US53544904P | 2004-01-09 | 2004-01-09 | |
| US60/535,449 | 2004-01-09 | ||
| US10/837,883 US7098444B2 (en) | 2004-01-09 | 2004-05-03 | Tamper proof container |
| US10/837,883 | 2004-05-03 | ||
| US10/981,836 | 2004-11-05 | ||
| US10/981,836 US7211783B2 (en) | 2004-01-09 | 2004-11-05 | Tamper-proof container |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2005069794A2 WO2005069794A2 (en) | 2005-08-04 |
| WO2005069794A3 WO2005069794A3 (en) | 2006-02-09 |
| WO2005069794B1 true WO2005069794B1 (en) | 2006-04-13 |
Family
ID=34743708
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2004/043836 WO2005069794A2 (en) | 2004-01-09 | 2004-12-30 | Tamper-proof container |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US7211783B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1711785A4 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2005069794A2 (en) |
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2004
- 2004-11-05 US US10/981,836 patent/US7211783B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-30 US US11/027,059 patent/US6995353B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-30 WO PCT/US2004/043836 patent/WO2005069794A2/en active Application Filing
- 2004-12-30 EP EP04815832A patent/EP1711785A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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