WO2005061049A1 - Procede et appareil d'application d'une therapie de stimulation par microcourant (msc) - Google Patents

Procede et appareil d'application d'une therapie de stimulation par microcourant (msc) Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005061049A1
WO2005061049A1 PCT/US2003/039854 US0339854W WO2005061049A1 WO 2005061049 A1 WO2005061049 A1 WO 2005061049A1 US 0339854 W US0339854 W US 0339854W WO 2005061049 A1 WO2005061049 A1 WO 2005061049A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mcs
ocular
microcurrent
therapy
period
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Application number
PCT/US2003/039854
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English (en)
Inventor
Edward L. Paul, Jr.
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Atlantic Medical, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Atlantic Medical, Inc. filed Critical Atlantic Medical, Inc.
Priority to AU2003293548A priority Critical patent/AU2003293548A1/en
Priority to PCT/US2003/039854 priority patent/WO2005061049A1/fr
Publication of WO2005061049A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005061049A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/326—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for promoting growth of cells, e.g. bone cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for performing mocrocurrent simulation (MSC) therapy. More particularly, the present invention relates to applying micro- amperage current (microcurrent) to the eye at different frequencies for particular periods of time to effectuate stabilization or improvement of macular degeneration and-other oeular diseases-.
  • MSC mocrocurrent simulation
  • Microcurrent Stimulation (MCS) therapy is a noninvasive procedure that involves stimulating the retina and nerve fibers with very low intensity electrical current using a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved electrical stimulation device. It is theorized that MCS Therapy works by increasing intracellular ATP (adenosine triphosphate) concentrations, enhancing protein synthesis, and stimulating the cells ability to absorb nutrients. Through these mechanisms, MCS therapy improves RPE (retinal pigment epithelium) efficiency and thereby may restore and/or improve retinal function.
  • FDA Food and Drug Administration
  • ATP is synthesized in the mitochondria process known as the Kreb's Cycle, the sequence of reactions in the mitochondria that complete the oxidation of glucose in respiration. Kroll and Guerrieri have shown that there are age related changes in mitochondrial metabolism resulting in a decrease of the ATP synthase activity in the retina with age. Guerrieri has gone further to show functional and structural differences of the mitochondria F0F1 ATP synthase complex in aging rats. It is theorized that many retinal diseases, at least in part, are due to a decrease in mitochondria function and the subsequent decrease in intracellular ATP. This decrease in mitochondria function results from free radical damage and the mutation of mitochondria DNA (mtDNA). It is interesting to note the genetic link between ATP and retinal disease. ATP Synthase (ATPase) is an enzyme which catalyzes the synthesis of ATP. A genetic defect in the ATPase 6 Gene has now been implicated in retinitis pigmentosa.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,522,864 proposes that macular degeneration or other ocular pathology may be treated by placing a positive electrode of a direct microcurrent source in contact with the closed eyelid of the subject and placing a negative electrode away from the eye of the subject, preferably on the neck of the subject. These electrodes apply a constant direct eurrent-of 200 mieroamps for approximately 10 minutes.
  • U.S. Patent No. 6,275,735 discloses a method and apparatus for applying a microcurrent signal to a body part to combat visual system diseases such as macular degeneration.
  • a controller outputs data words to a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), which produces analog electrical signals that are provided to a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO).
  • VCO voltage controlled oscillator
  • the VCO generates electrical signals having frequencies that depend on the signals received from the DAC.
  • the user holds an electrical probe to a body part to be treated and a microcurrent signal having the frequency produced by the VCO is applied via the probe to the body part.
  • the first data word causes a first relatively low frequency (0 to 400 Hz) microcurrent signal to be applied and a second data word causes a second relatively high frequency (500 to 2 MHz) microcurrent signal to be applied.
  • the present invention provides a method and apparatus for performing MCS therapy.
  • it has been determined that the application of microcurrent signals at particular frequencies to the eye for particular periods of time stabilizes and even improves conditions of macular degeneration and other ocular diseases.
  • Experimental data from clinical trials shows that results of persons who underwent therapy are at least better than placebo, and that the therapy is safe and efficacious.
  • improvement means that the patient was able to read two more lines on the standard Snellen eye chart than the patient was able to read prior to therapy.
  • stabilization means that the patient did not experience any further loss of vision, which is the no ⁇ nal course of macular degeneration.
  • modulation frequency denotes the beat frequency that is superimposed Attorney Docket No. 2C03.1-330 onto the carrier frequency, which preferably is between 10,000 and 20,000 Hz.
  • ocular tissue denotes the eye, the eyelid, ocular fluids, and dermal tissue within 5 centimeters (cm) of the eye.
  • a first microcurrent signal at a first modulation frequency is applied to the ocular tissue for a first period of time, after which at least a second microcurrent signal at a second modulation frequency, which is lower than the first modulation frequency, is applied to the ocular tissue for a second period of time.
  • the second period of time is greater than the first period of time. It has been determined that as the modulation frequency of the microcurrent signal decreases, the duration of the time period during which the signal is applied should be increased.
  • At least three, but preferably four, different microcurrent signals are applied to the ocular tissue in a particular sequence in which each subsequently applied signal in the sequence is lower in frequency than the previously applied signal.
  • each signal is applied for a longer period of time than the previously applied signal.
  • a first microcurrent signal having a first modulation frequency more than 200 Hz but less than or equal to 300 Hz is applied for a period from 1 second up to 120 seconds.
  • a second mier- ⁇ Gurr-ent signal having-a second-modulation frequency mere than 1-0 Hz but less-man or equal to 200 Hz is then applied for a period from 1 second up to 240 seconds.
  • a third microcurrent signal having a third modulation frequency more than 1 Hz but less than or equal to 10 Hz is then applied for a period from 10 seconds up to 800 seconds.
  • a fourth microcurrent signal having a fourth modulation frequency greater than .1 Hz but less than or equal to 1 Hz is then applied for a period from 10 seconds up to 500 seconds.
  • FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of the microcurrent stimulation apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Attorney Docket No. 2C03.1-330 is a front perspective view of the microcurrent stimulation apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of the electrode pad in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention that is placed in contact with a user's eyelid in order to apply a microcurrent to the user's ocular tissue through the eyelid.
  • Figs. 3A - 3C are pictorial representations of MCS goggles in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention that are worn by the user in order to apply a microcurrent to the user's ocular tissue through the periorbital region around the eye.
  • Fig. 4 is a block diagram of the of the microcurrent stimulation apparatus shown in Fig. 1 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figs. 5 A and 5B together comprise a schematic circuit diagram of the electrical circuitry of the MCS apparatus shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 6 is a flow chart illustrating the method of the present invention in accordance with an embodiment.
  • the MCS method and apparatus of the present invention have produced very good results, which, prior to the invention, were unobtainable.
  • FIG. 1 shows the microcurrent stimulation apparatus (10) of the invention in accordance with an embodiment.
  • Various components and controls of the apparatus (10) Attorney Docket No. 2C03.1-330 are housed in a box (11).
  • Connected to the box (11) are at least two electrodes (22) and (22A) that provide the microcurrent generated by the microcurrent generation circuitry (Figs. 4 - 5B) comprised in the box (11) to the user during therapy. If the polarity of the current is reversed as part of a therapy method, then more than two electrodes may be employed.
  • Electrodes (22) and (22A) connect by means of dual-lead wires (20) and (20A) and probes (15) and (15A) to electrode jacks (14) and (14A) in the front of the box (11). Electrodes (22) and (22A) will be applied to a user completing an electrical circuit, which allows a microcurrent to pass from one electrode through the body of the user to the other electrode to complete the circuit. In accordance with an embodiment, electrodes (22) and (22A) are incorporated into electrode pads, as described below with reference to Fig. 2.
  • control circuitry and microprocessors which may be programmed to provide particular types of current in particular waveforms, as will be described below in detail with reference to Figs. 4 - 5B.
  • a turn dial control knob (60) that controls the amount of current passing through the electrodes (22) and (22 A) and from jacks (14) to (14 A) or vice versa.
  • a slide on/off switch (40) and an indicator light (41) that indicates when the microcurrent nerve stimulation " apparatu is Operating: Ordinarily, batteries will supply the power, which are contained in the battery unit (30) on the front of the box (11).
  • a direct current to power the MCS apparatus (10) may be supplied through the power jack (32), which is shown located on the side of the box (11).
  • the indicator (41) is dim or not on, it means that the batteries (30) are low and need replacing or that no power is being supplied through the power jack (32).
  • the program indicator lights are located on the right-hand side of the box (11), from the viewer's perspective, and four program indicator lights (50, 51, 52, 53).
  • the user will ordinarily apply the electrodes (22) and (22A) to a prescribed place as determined by a health care provider.
  • the leads (15) and (15A) will be connected to the input jacks (14) and (14A).
  • the on/off switch (40) will turn the apparatus on and the control knob (60) will be adjusted by a user to the Attorney Docket No. 2C03.1-330 appropriate amount of current. This manual adjustment by the user is optional because these functions may instead be performed automatically through appropriate hardware and/or software.
  • control knob (60) will turn to a level of current where a mild tingle indicating electrical current will be felt, then the control knob (60) will be adjusted downward to reduce the amount of current to where the current is no longer a perceptible tingle to a user.
  • the MCS apparatus (10) will then begin to follow a pre-programmed sequence in which current will be provided with a particular frequency and waveform.
  • current will be provided in a square waveform at a frequency of 292 Hz for 60 seconds.
  • the program indicator light (50) is lit, which advises the user that the program is underway.
  • an audible tone will sound and the next step in the therapy program will begin.
  • program indicator light (51) will light, current will be provided at 30 Hz for 120 seconds.
  • a tone will sound again.
  • the program indicator light (51) will dim and program indicator light (52) will light. This indicates that current will be provided at 9.1 Hz for 180 seconds.
  • a third tone will sound indicating that step in the therapy program is over.
  • Program mdieator light (52) will dim and program indicator light (53) will light up. Current will be provided for .3 Hz for 360 seconds. At the conclusion of this therapy, a tone will again sound and the microcurrent nerve stimulation apparatus (10) will stop the therapy program. During the therapy program the polarity of the electrodes (22) and (22A) will reverse every two seconds. At this point, a user will remove the electrodes (22) and (22A), turn the on/off switch (40) to off, and the microcurrent nerve stimulation apparatus (10) is ready to begin another treatment program or maybe stored until required for further use.
  • Fig. 2 is a top view of one of the electrode pads (30) that may be used to apply microcurrent to a user's ocular tissue through the eyelid.
  • the user places the electrode pad (30) on the closed eyelid.
  • the user Attorney Docket No. 2C03.1-330 should first prepare the appropriate skin area by careful washing and drying to remove skin oils, cosmetics, or other foreign materials from the skin surface.
  • the user places one electrode pad (30) in contact with the left eyelid and one in contact with the right eyelid for bilateral therapy.
  • One of the electrode pads (30) connects to the positive lead wire of dual-lead wire (20), which is connected electrode input jack (14).
  • the other electrode pad (30) connects to the positive lead wire of dual-lead wire (20A), which is connected to electrode input jack (14 A).
  • the positive lead wire (not shown) of dual-lead wire (20) is attached to a pigtail (33), which is connected by the end (34) of the positive lead wire to the electrode pad that covers the left eyelid.
  • the positive lead wire of dual-lead wire (20 A) is attached in the same manner to the electrode pad that covers the right eyelid.
  • the negative lead wire (not shown) of dual-lead wire (20) is attached in like manner to an electrode pad (not shown) that is similar or identical to electrode pad (30). This other electrode pad having the negative lead attached to it is placed in contact with the user's skin at some other location on the user's body, such as the back of the user's hand or behind the neck.
  • negative lead wire of dual-lead wire (20A) is attached to an electrode pad (not shown) that is similar or identical to electrode pad (30), and which is placed in contact with the user's skin at some other location on the user's body, such as the back of the user's other hand or behind the neck.
  • the electrode pad (30) preferably has a plastic, rubber or cloth backing secured to it with some type of adhesive.
  • the end (34) of the lead wire attached to the pad is sandwiched between the backing and the pad itself to prevent the lead from being separated from the pad.
  • the electrode pad (30) is made of a conductive material such as, for example, silver, silver chloride, carbon or a combination of carbon and silver. Of course, a variety of different types of conductive materials may be used for this purpose.
  • the pad (30) preferably is attached to the eyelid using a conductive gel, although other attachment materials or devices may be used for this purpose.
  • the electrode pad (30) may be disposable or reusable. The present invention is not limited to any particular Attorney Docket No. 2C03.1-330 configuration or material for the electrode pad (30).
  • Figs. 3A - 3C illustrate various views of the MCS apparatus of the present invention in accordance with another embodiment.
  • the microcurrent is provided to the user's ocular tissues by goggles to which the electrodes are connected.
  • Fig. 3 A shows the MCS components, which include plastic goggles (40), an elastic band (41) for providing a force that holds the goggles in place when worn by the user, a casing (42) that houses the MCS electrical components, and a cable (43) that supplies the current generated by the electrical components in casing (42) to the electrodes in the goggles (40).
  • the cable (43) will encase two dual-lead wires of the type described above with reference to Fig. 2.
  • the positive lead wires will have ends disposed in the goggles to couple the microcurrent to the ocular tissue associated with the left and right eyes.
  • the negative lead wires will be connected in some appropriate fashion to some other place on the user's body.
  • Fig. 3 B is a rear plan view of the goggles (40).
  • the electrodes (44) which preferably are made from carbon, are arranged in a pattern having shape that matches or closely approximates that of the periorbital region of the face.
  • the goggles have small openings formed in them to create see- thr ⁇ ugh regions (45) ⁇ and-(4 *); This -allows the ⁇ rserto tie-able to see during therapy.
  • the mesh regions (45) and (46) eliminate this problem.
  • the regions (45) and (46) provide a further advantage of enabling users to perform other tasks during therapy.
  • FIG. 3 C shows a front view of the goggles (40).
  • the regions (45) and (46) are seen in the front views as groups of very small openings formed in the goggles (40).
  • the electrical circuitry housed in casing (42) may be the same as those contained in housing (11) shown in Fig. 1, although a variety of Attorney Docket No. 2C03.1-330 other circuits can be used for the same purpose. The electrical circuitry will be described below with reference to Figs. 4 - 5B.
  • microcurrent generation circuitry and controller logic could be part of the goggles 40 rather than held in a separate casing (42).
  • a plurality of electrodes (44) for each eye is not necessary, and it is not necessary that they be configured in a periorbital pattern.
  • a respective single electrode could be used to apply current to the ocular tissue associated with each eye region, either to the closed eyelid or to some other ocular tissue.
  • the control switch (40) is turned on and the intensity knob is adjusted to a preset intensity value on the intensity knob, typically '8'. Then, the knob will be individually adjusted by a user to that user's comfort level according to a set of instructions provided with the unit. Preferably, only current in a predetermined microamperage is applied. Alternatively, the current can be present at a constant dc current of between, for example, 1.0 and 1,000.00 ⁇ A.
  • the microcurrent nerve stimulation apparatus (10) is programmed to eliver 12 minutes of maeular degeneration -therapy.
  • the inicrocurrent nerve stimulation apparatus (10) preferably is also programmed to audibly notify a user as the therapy proceeds at each stage, although audible notification is optional.
  • a first microcurrent is applied at a frequency of 292 Hz with a square waveform for 60 seconds.
  • the amperage output preferably will be no more than 999 microamps.
  • a first beep will sound.
  • the microcurrent nerve stimulation apparatus (10) preferably will automatically start a second microcurrent stimulation at 30 Hz for 120 seconds. Typically, the amount of amperage will not be adjusted and will remain constant throughout the treatment. When the 120-second application is complete, a second audible tone will sound and the third period of microcurrent stimulation will begin automatically.
  • the microcurrent nerve stimulation apparatus (10) applies a 9.1 Hz frequency microcurrent at 180 seconds.
  • a third tone will sound at the end of this period and the microcurrent nerve stimulation apparatus (10) will start a fourth period at a frequency of .3 Hz for 360 seconds.
  • a fourth tone will sound, which will also notify the user that the therapy is complete.
  • the microcurrent nerve stimulation apparatus (10) preferably will reverse the polarity of the electrodes every two seconds. If a user experiences discomfort during the therapy session, the intensity knob (60) may be adjusted downward to a position where the user will no longer experience discomfort.
  • the therapy is ordinarily administered twice a day - once in the morning and once in the evening. It has been found in practice that stimulating with a square waveform for the intervals and frequencies described above is effective for macular degeneration therapy.
  • the term "therapy”, as that term is used herein, corresponds to treatment to stabilize or improve conditions of macular degeneration.
  • the present invention is not only directed toward stabilizing or improving conditions of macular degeneration, but also to stabilizing or improving other ocular diseases or problems, including, for example, Dry Macular Degeneration, Wet-M eular Degeneration Stargardt's, Retinitis Pigmentosa, Glaucoma, €MV-Retinitis, Best's Disease Macular Dystrophy, Optic Neuritis, Diabetic Retinopathy, Ischemic Anterior Optic, Neuritis, Usher's Syndrome, Leber's Congenital Amaurosis, Cone-Rod Dystrophy, Cone Dystrophy, Choroideremia and Gyrate Atrophy, Central Retinal Artery Occlusion, Central Retinal Vein Occlusion, Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion, Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion, Central Serous Chorioretinopathy, Cystoid Macular Edema, Ocular Histomplasmosis, Ocular Toxoplasm
  • Fig. 4 is a block diagram of the electrical components for an embodiment of the microcurrent stimulation apparatus (10) as seen in Fig. 1. A more complete description of electrical components of one embodiment is shown in the circuit diagram in Fig. 5 A.
  • a direct current power supply (51) which may be, for example, a nine- volt battery or household current adapter configured to supply nine volts to a connection or Attorney Docket No. 2C03.1-330 jack provided on the microcurrent stimulation apparatus (10).
  • Current flows through an on/off switch (55) to voltage converter (61) to a regulator (62) and to an oscillator (63). Current flows from the regulator (62) and oscillator (63) to a frequency divider (65).
  • a constant current source (64) receives current from the frequency divider (63) and from the voltage converter (61) and passes current from the constant current source to a first electrode (67). A circuit is completed from the first electrode (67) through the patient (not shown) to a second electrode (66). Current returns to the constant current source (67) to the voltage converter (61) through an amplitude control (70) and then to the power source (51) to complete the circuit.
  • Figs. 5 A and 5B together represent a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of the electrical circuitry of the microcurrent stimulation-apparatus (1-0). Standard symbols and terminology are used in labeling the circuit diagrams shown in Figs. 5A and 5B.
  • the potentiometer labeled "NR1" is shown in two places on the circuit diagram, but in the actual circuit there is only one NR1 potentiometer. This is indicated by the letter “A” with a circle around it and the arrow. This points to the same part. It will be understood that there is not two potentiometers, but only one from 5 k ⁇ to 85 k ⁇ resistance. A materials list is given below for the components used for this embodiment.
  • circuit shown- in Figs. 5A and 5 is only one of many possible ways to configure the microcurrent stimulation apparatus 10. Those skilled in the art will understand, in view of the description provided herein, the manner in which other circuit configurations can be created to perform same functions.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention in accordance with an Attorney Docket No. 2C03.1-330 embodiment for applying microcurrent to the ocular tissue at different frequencies for different periods of time. At least two microcurrent signals that are different in modulation frequency are applied to the ocular tissue for particular periods of time.
  • modulation frequency denotes the beat frequency that is superimposed onto the carrier frequency, which preferably is between 10,000 and 20,000 Hz.
  • a first microcurrent signal at a first modulation frequency is applied to the ocular tissue for a first period of time, as indicated by block 71.
  • At least a second microcurrent signal at a second modulation frequency is applied to the ocular tissue for a second period of time, as indciated by block 73.
  • the second period of time is greater than the first period of time.
  • the duration of the time period during which the signal is applied should be increased. It has also been determined that the sequence of modulation frequencies should start with a higher frequency and change to successively lower frequencies. Preferably, the modulation frequency ranges from approximately 400 Hz to approximately .1 Hz., although the invention is not limited to- this particular range offrequencies.
  • At least three, but preferably four different microcurrent signals are applied to the ocular tissue in a particular sequence in which each subsequently applied signal in the sequence is lower in frequency than the previously applied signal.
  • each signal is applied for a longer period of time than the previously applied signal.
  • a first microcurrent signal having a first modulation frequency more than 200 Hz but less than or equal to 300 Hz is applied for a period from 1 second up to 120 seconds.
  • a second microcurrent signal having a second modulation frequency more than 10 Hz but less than or equal to 200 Hz is then applied for a period from 1 second up to 240 seconds.
  • a third microcurrent signal having a third modulation frequency more than 1 Hz but less than or equal to 10 Hz is then applied for a Attorney Docket No. 2C03.1-330 period from 10 seconds up to 800 seconds.
  • a fourth microcurrent signal having a fourth modulation frequency greater than .1 Hz but less than or equal to 1 Hz is then applied for a period from 10 seconds up to 500 seconds.
  • the invention is not limited to any particular device or mechanism for applying the microcurrent to the ocular tissue.
  • the electrode pad and goggles are merely examples of designs that are well suited for this purpose.
  • the invention is not limited to any particular circuit configurations for generating the microcurrents, waveforms and frequencies.
  • the present invention is not limited with respect to the manner in which the sequence of frequencies for particular time periods are selected or the manner in which the sequencing is controlled.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un appareil de thérapie de stimulation par microcourant (MSC). Selon la présente invention, l'application sur l'oeil de signaux de microcourant à des fréquences spécifiques sur des périodes de temps spécifiques stabilise et améliore même la dégénération maculaire et d'autres maladies oculaires. Des données expérimentales d'essais cliniques montrent que les résultats des personnes ayant suivi la thérapie sont au moins meilleurs que ceux obtenus avec un placebo, et la thérapie est sûre et efficace. En fait, les données expérimentales des essais cliniques ont montré qu'approximativement 98 % des patients ayant suivi la thérapie MCS de l'invention obtiennent une stabilisation ou une amélioration de la dégénération maculaire après un an de thérapie. De ce pourcentage approximativement 65 % des patients ayant suivi la thérapie MCS ont une vision améliorée, tandis qu'approximativement 32 % ont obtenu une stabilisation de la dégénération maculaire (c'est-à-dire plus de perte de vision).
PCT/US2003/039854 2003-12-15 2003-12-15 Procede et appareil d'application d'une therapie de stimulation par microcourant (msc) WO2005061049A1 (fr)

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AU2003293548A AU2003293548A1 (en) 2003-12-15 2003-12-15 Method and apparatus for performing microcurrent stimulation (msc) therapy
PCT/US2003/039854 WO2005061049A1 (fr) 2003-12-15 2003-12-15 Procede et appareil d'application d'une therapie de stimulation par microcourant (msc)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11738195B2 (en) 2018-11-20 2023-08-29 Nuenerchi, Inc. Electrical stimulation device for applying frequency and peak voltage having inverse relationship

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4989605A (en) * 1989-03-31 1991-02-05 Joel Rossen Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) device
US5395398A (en) * 1993-07-28 1995-03-07 C. R. Bard, Inc. Microelectric apparatus for the antisepsis, promulgation of healing and analgesia of wound and chronic skin ulcers
US5522864A (en) 1994-10-25 1996-06-04 Wallace; Larry B. Apparatus and method for ocular treatment
US5935156A (en) * 1997-03-12 1999-08-10 Microleve International, Ltd. Method and apparatus for administering microcurrent electrotherapy treatment
US6275735B1 (en) 1998-07-13 2001-08-14 Bionergy Therapeutics, Inc. Methods and apparatus for electrical microcurrent stimulation therapy
US6549808B1 (en) * 2000-10-19 2003-04-15 Heinz R. Gisel Devices and methods for the transcutaneous delivery of ions and the electrical stimulation of tissue and cells at targeted areas in the eye

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4989605A (en) * 1989-03-31 1991-02-05 Joel Rossen Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) device
US5395398A (en) * 1993-07-28 1995-03-07 C. R. Bard, Inc. Microelectric apparatus for the antisepsis, promulgation of healing and analgesia of wound and chronic skin ulcers
US5522864A (en) 1994-10-25 1996-06-04 Wallace; Larry B. Apparatus and method for ocular treatment
US5935156A (en) * 1997-03-12 1999-08-10 Microleve International, Ltd. Method and apparatus for administering microcurrent electrotherapy treatment
US6275735B1 (en) 1998-07-13 2001-08-14 Bionergy Therapeutics, Inc. Methods and apparatus for electrical microcurrent stimulation therapy
US6549808B1 (en) * 2000-10-19 2003-04-15 Heinz R. Gisel Devices and methods for the transcutaneous delivery of ions and the electrical stimulation of tissue and cells at targeted areas in the eye

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11738195B2 (en) 2018-11-20 2023-08-29 Nuenerchi, Inc. Electrical stimulation device for applying frequency and peak voltage having inverse relationship

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