Holding device for holding a panel to a building element
The present invention relates to a holding device for holding a panel to a building element, said panel comprising a first retaining part, said holding device comprising a second retaining part for cooperating with said first retaining part. The invention also relates to an assembly of a building element and a panel using said holding device. Nowadays many buildings, and especially the fagades thereof, are constructed from metal panels. These metal panels are attached to building elements by means of interlocking retaining parts on the panels in corresponding retaining parts on the building elements. The interlock is frequently achieved by using the male and female principle. The construction of such buildings usually starts with erecting a framework comprising building elements to which the metal panels are attached. The interlocking system requires starting the attachment of the panels below and working upwards. The next panel firmly locks the preceding panel in place. A disadvantage of the application of said panels is that when an intermediate panel needs to be replaced, for instance because it is damaged, these panels cannot be replaced without destroying the panel unless the other panels which were installed after the damaged panel are removed as well. By cutting the intermediate damaged panel and/or destroying the points of suspension of the damaged panel, the panel can be removed. Afterwards, the points of suspension need to be repaired, for instance by riveting a new point of suspension to the existing building element such as a stand or a girder after the new panel has been put in place. This is a difficult and time-consuming operation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a holding device for holding a panel to a building element that enables to replace a damaged panel in a panel construction such as a faςade of a building without having to remove additional panels. It is also an object of the invention to provide a holding device for holding a panel that enables to replace a damaged panel in a panel construction such as a facade of a building without having to partly destroy and repair the building element that the panels are attached to. It is a further object of the invention to provide a holding device for holding a panel that enables to replace a damaged panel in a panel construction such as a fagade of a building quickly, easily and safely. It is still a further object of the invention to provide a holding device for holding a panel that enables to replace a damaged panel in a panel construction such as a fagade of a building more than once.
To achieve one or more of these objectives a holding device is provided for holding a panel to a building element, said panel comprising a first retaining part, said holding device comprising a second retaining part for cooperating with said first retaining part characterised in that the holding device comprises fastening means for mounting the holding device to the building element so that the holding device is movable from a first position to a second position wherein the first position is the receiving position to receive the first retaining part in the second retaining part and wherein the second position is the holding position for holding the first retaining part in the second retaining part to the building element. With the device according to the invention it is possible to mount a panel in a building structure such as a fagade of a building without the need to destroy the panel and/or the building element to which the panel was attached. If the device according to the invention was mounted to the building element prior to mounting the building structure, the device allows for easy replacement of one or more panels. If the building structure was erected without the holding device according to the invention, the panel needs to be removed destructively. Thereafter, the holding device can be mounted to the building element by fastening means and allow replacement of the removed panel without the need to remove any more panels. The holding device, when mounted on the building element is placed in the receiving position. In that position it is able to receive the first retaining part of the panel. Upon movement of the holding device to the holding position, the panel can be easily inserted in between the remaining panels of the building structure. When the holding position is reached, the panel is held in place. If the replaced panel needs to be removed again, the holding device is moved from the holding position into the receiving position and the panel can be easily removed from the building structure, leaving all other panels in place. If the building structure was erected using the holding device according to the invention, every panel can be removed from its place and replaced by the same or another panel. The panels are placed and/or replaced without any visibility of fasteners at the outside of the building structure. The holding device can be mounted directly on a building element of the building structure, or it can be premounted on a mounting part which is subsequently mounted to the building element. The fixing points for the holding device and/or the mounting part can be preformed in the building element thus allowing easy fitting on the construction site. This would be particularly useful when mounting panels in an existing fagade where there is little working room available. The holding device can therefore be used when erecting a building structure by mounting the holding device on each position of the building elements where a panel is to be held, or it can be mounted on selected places only, and it can be used in repairing existing building
structures by mounting the holding device after a panel has been removed from its place and needs to be replaced. The holding device according to the invention is also able to hold the retaining part of a panel comprising a first panel and a second panel wherein the first panel is connected to the second panel by a male-female connection. This allows application of the holding device according to the invention in building structures where the panels are engaged in an interlocking position. The advantage of this application is that it is usually necessary to remove all interlocking panels which, during construction of the building structure, are placed after the panel to be removed. Application of the holding device according to the invention allows easy replacement of a single interlocking panel. It will be clear to the skilled person that the holding device according to the invention can also be used to hold in the holding position more than two interlocking panels. In an embodiment of the invention, the holding device is rotatably mountable to the building element by fastening means so that the holding device is rotatable from the receiving position to the holding position. The rotational movement from the receiving position to the holding position creates enough space for the panel or the interlocking panel to be inserted in between the existing panels. In a further embodiment the holding device is mounted to the building element by fastening means, preferably releasable fastening means, which enable to fasten the holding device in the holding position. It will be clear that the fastening means can also be used to fasten the holding device in any position between the receiving position and the holding position if this is considered appropriate. In an embodiment of the invention the fastening means comprise a nut and a bolt. This requires little space and is amply available and is easy to fasten, release and refasten. In an embodiment of the invention the holding device also comprises locking means for locking the holding device in the holding position. When the holding position is reached, the holding device may be secured in the holding position to prevent the holding device to revert back into intermediate position or even the receiving position. If so desired, the locking means may be designed as to be releasable. A lock bolt or as lock pin may also be used. In a further embodiment of the invention the holding device also comprises a first slit for cooperating with a slit in the building element through which slits guiding means are provided for guiding the movement of the receiving position to the holding position. The slit in the building element may also be a hole. This embodiment enables to guide the movement of the holding device from the receiving position to the holding position and thus enables a good control of said movement. It will be clear that if the holding
device is mounted on a mounting part instead of on the building element, that the slit or hole in the building element is not required, but that the slit or hole is to be present in said mounting part. In a further embodiment the first slit in the holding device is a radial slit around the axis around which the holding device is rotatable. In a further embodiment the radial slit extends over a rotational angle of between about 30 and 150°, preferably about 60 to 120°, more preferably about 90°. This allows for a defined start and end position of the holding device during the rotation around the axis around which it is rotatable. The rotational angle of about 90° minimises the risk of the panel falling out of the holding device while still in the receiving position thereby increasing the safety. In a further embodiment the holding device is provided with a second slit for cooperating with a corresponding slit in the building element to provide locking of the holding device in the holding position by the guiding means wherein the second slit intersects the first slit in a direction under an angle to the first slit. It will be clear that if the holding device is mounted on a mounting part instead of on the building element, that the slit in the building element corresponding to the second slit in the holding device is not required, but that the slit is to be present in said mounting part. When the holding device holds the panel in the holding position, the position of the holding device can be locked, thereby eliminating the risk of the panel falling out of the holding device. In a further embodiment the angle between the first slit and the second slit at the location of their intersection in the holding device is substantially perpendicular thereby increasing the locking power of the slit configuration and in still a further embodiment the second slit extends radially from the first slit. This extension of the second slit may be radially inwardly and/or outwardly. In a further embodiment the second slit is oriented substantially downwardly when the holding device is in the holding position so that the guiding means are moveable from the first slit through the intersection of the first and the second slit to a position in the second slit to secure the holding device in the holding position. This embodiment enables to use guiding means which are free to move through the slit, which guiding means can for example have a diabolo or halter shape which is thinner in the middle and thicker at the ends, and which movable through the slits, but not able to fall out of the slits. When the second slit extends radially downwardly from the first slit, the guiding means will move from the first slit through the intersection of the first and the second slit into the second slit under the action of gravitation after rotation of the holding device to the holding position, in which case the orientation of the second slit is substantially vertical, thus providing automatic locking in the holding position. This greatly facilitates mounting of a panel.
In an embodiment, the movement of the guiding means through the intersection of the first and the second slit to a position in the second slit to secure the holding device in the holding position is brought about under the action of a spring. In this embodiment the orientation of the second slit in the holding position is substantially oriented in the direction of the spring action. The spring action may be brought about for instance by a helical spring having a first end and a second end, of which the first end is connected to the guide means and the second end to the holding device so as to exert a spring force upon the guiding means when present in the first slit. Upon rotating the holding device from the receiving position to the holding position with the guiding means in the first slit, the spring action causes the guiding means to move through the intersection of the first and the second slit into the second slit upon reaching the holding position, thereby securing the holding device in the holding position. In a further embodiment the guiding means comprise fastening means, preferably releasable fastening means. These enable to fix the holding device in the desired position. In a further embodiment of the invention the fastening means comprise a nut and a bolt. These possess the properties of a thin middle section and thicker end sections and are therefore able to fulfill the role as guiding and locking means as described hereinabove. The load bearing capacity of the embodiments according to the invention as described hereinabove as well as of any and all embodiments within the scope of the invention allow can be easily calculated and the number and the dimensions of the holding devices can be chosen accordingly. The invention is also embodied in an assembly of a building element and a panel, wherein the holding device as described hereinabove is used to hold the panel to the building element. In this assembly the panels can be easily mounted and removed, thereby enabling easy repair and/or replacement of panels. The invention will now be further described by way of non-limiting examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the holding device comprising two intersecting slits; Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of a mounting part designed to cooperate with the holding device of Figure 1 which mounting part can be mounted on a building element; Figure 3 shows a schematic section of two interlocking panels using the male- female principle;
Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of the sequence of events during mounting of the interlocking panels of Figure 3; Figure 5 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the holding device mounted on a building element comprising locking means to lock the holding device in the holding position. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the holding device 1 comprising a second retaining part 2 to receive the first retaining part of the panel (not shown), fastening means 3 to mount the holding device to the building element (not shown) and to enable a rotation around the axis which in this embodiment is formed by the fastening means, a first radial slit 4 and a second slit 5 which is oriented substantially perpendicularly to the first slit at the location of the intersection 6 and which extends radially outwardly. Guiding means 7 are shown. Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of a mounting part 8 designed to cooperate with the holding device of Figure 1 comprising a hole 9 to receive the fastening means 3, a slit 10 designed to cooperate with the second slit 5 of the holding device of Figure 1 and holes 11 to mount the mounting part on the building element
(not shown). Figure 3 shows a schematic section of two interlocking panels using comprising a first panel 12 and a second panel 13 wherein the interlock 14 is achieved by means of the male-female principle. Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of the sequence of events during mounting of the interlocking panels of Figure 3. In figure 4a the holding device is in the receiving position, Figure 4b shows an intermediate position between the receiving position and the holding position and Figure 4c shows the holding position wherein the guiding means 7 have moved to a position in the second slit 5 away from the intersection 6 to secure the holding device in the holding position. Figure 5 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the holding device mounted on a building element comprising locking means 15 to lock the holding device in the holding position. It is of course to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments and examples described above, but encompasses any and all embodiments within the scope of the description and the following claims.