WO2005055547A1 - Procede de transmission d'une unite de donnees de protocole de commutation multiprotocole par etiquette - Google Patents

Procede de transmission d'une unite de donnees de protocole de commutation multiprotocole par etiquette Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005055547A1
WO2005055547A1 PCT/CN2004/001164 CN2004001164W WO2005055547A1 WO 2005055547 A1 WO2005055547 A1 WO 2005055547A1 CN 2004001164 W CN2004001164 W CN 2004001164W WO 2005055547 A1 WO2005055547 A1 WO 2005055547A1
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Prior art keywords
data unit
protocol
protocol data
frame
protocol label
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PCT/CN2004/001164
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English (en)
French (fr)
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WO2005055547A8 (fr
Inventor
Zhangzhen Jiang
Jianfei He
Jianyun Zhu
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Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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Priority claimed from CNA2003101207364A external-priority patent/CN1510766A/zh
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority to EP04762288A priority Critical patent/EP1691520A4/en
Priority to AU2004310740A priority patent/AU2004310740A1/en
Publication of WO2005055547A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005055547A1/zh
Publication of WO2005055547A8 publication Critical patent/WO2005055547A8/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4633Interconnection of networks using encapsulation techniques, e.g. tunneling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/50Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using label swapping, e.g. multi-protocol label switch [MPLS]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4604LAN interconnection over a backbone network, e.g. Internet, Frame Relay
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/08Protocols for interworking; Protocol conversion

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for transmitting a high-level protocol data unit over a low-level protocol, and in particular to a method for transmitting a multi-protocol label exchange protocol data unit based on a universal framing protocol.
  • MPLS Multi-protocol Label Switch
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • LSP Label Switch Path
  • LER 103 is used to analyze the IP packet header, perform layer 3 network functions, and determine the corresponding transmission level and LSP. It is connected to the external network 102 and receives external packet traffic from the external network 102. Change the data packet 105; LSR104 is used to establish LSP, perform label switching mechanism and monthly quality of service (QoS), and forward the packet data packet 106 inside the MPLS network 101, which is controlled by the control unit and the switching unit It is located inside the network and is connected to LER 103 and other LSR 104.
  • the label switching workflow of MPLS is as follows: Initially, the Label Distribution Protocol (Label
  • LDP Long Term Distribution Protocol
  • OSPF Open Shortest Path First
  • the MPLS technology isolates the relationship between the label distribution mechanism and the data flow, its implementation does not depend on a specific data link layer protocol, so it can support a variety of physical layer and data link layer technologies. At present, links in Frame Relay (Frame Relay, "FR" for short), Asynchronous Transfer Mode (“ATM”) and Point-to-Point Protocol (“PPP”) links are implemented.
  • FR Frame Relay
  • ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
  • PPP Point-to-Point Protocol
  • GTP General Framing Procedure
  • ITU-T International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication Standardization Sector
  • GFP can be used for both fixed-length data packet transmission and variable-length data packet transmission, because GFP inherits the frame-based method used by Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM). Header Error Check (HEC for short) frame delimitation mechanism. GFP expands the capability of modem point-to-point transmission, and sends the input data stream in order, which greatly simplifies the synchronization of the data link layer and the demarcation and positioning operation of the data frame. It is not like the delimitation mechanism used by the High-level Data Link Control (“HDLC”) framing protocol, that is, using header flags, escape bytes "7D", "7E", etc.
  • HDLC High-level Data Link Control
  • GFP does not need to perform specific line coding on the Protocol Data Unit ("PDU” for short), thereby reducing the requirements for the logic circuits that process it.
  • GFP can assign quality of service (Customer Service) to the client layer. (Referred to as "QoS”) management functions, thereby reducing management overhead, which is better than ATM.
  • QoS quality of service
  • This lower implementation complexity makes GFP particularly suitable for high-speed transmission links, such as Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) ”) / Synchronous Optical Network, Point-to-Point Protocol (referred to as "PPP") links, referred to as "SONET”), Optical Transport Network (referred to as " ⁇ ”), can even be applied to optical fibers.
  • SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
  • PPP Point-to-Point Protocol
  • SONET Point-to-Point Protocol
  • Optical Transport Network
  • FIG. 2 (a) shows the relationship between GFP and the upper and lower layers of the network. From the figure, we can see the relationship between GFP and high-level customer data and GFP and low-level transmission channels.
  • the GFP is divided into upper and lower layers.
  • the upper layer is related to the client PDU, which is called the GFP client definition aspect, and is used to handle the encapsulation management of the customer data.
  • the lower layer is not related to the client PDU, and is called the GFP general aspect, which is used for channel transmission and reception. And control.
  • GFP's payload overhead can be performed in the same transmission channel in multiple transmission modes.
  • One mode corresponding to the frame-mapped GFP (Frame-Mapped GFP, referred to as "GFP-F"), is most suitable for a packet switching environment. At this time, the resource management is handed over to the resource original data client. This is the transport mode used for original IP, PPP, and Ethernet services.
  • the second mode corresponding to Transparent GFP (referred to as "GFP-T" for short), is mainly used for circuit emulation type applications that are sensitive to delay, and its purpose is to effectively transmit on the adaptation layer.
  • FIG. 2 (b) shows the position of GFP in the network structure.
  • the bottom layer of the network uses a high-data-rate fiber-optic network as the physical medium, such as Wave Division Multiplexing (WDM), OTN, etc., and then constructs a SONET or SDH network.
  • WDM Wave Division Multiplexing
  • SONET / SDH traditional HDLC, ATM, or GFP can be constructed.
  • ATM and GFP can also be built on the transmission medium.
  • Ethernet Ethernet
  • IP Over ATM IP Over ATM
  • Ethernet mode or directly carrying SAN services such as IP services, FC, ESCON, FICON, etc.
  • the current network architecture uses HDLC, etc.
  • the traditional data link layer carries a method of packet switching network (Packet Switching Network, "PSN") services such as MPLS, so the existing data link layer of MPLS generally uses HDLC / PPP, FR, ATM, Ethernet Etc.
  • PSN Packet Switching Network
  • the existing data link layer of MPLS generally uses HDLC / PPP, FR, ATM, Ethernet Etc.
  • HDLC / PPP is generally adopted.
  • the above solution has the following problems: Data services are encapsulated and transmitted on optical transport networks using PPP / HDLC, which appears to be more complex, inefficient, and inflexible, and directly affects the performance of MPLS networks built on them.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a method for transmitting a multi-protocol label switching protocol data unit, so that the transmission efficiency, resource utilization rate, and network performance of MPLS network services are improved.
  • the present invention provides a method for transmitting a multi-protocol label switching protocol data unit, including the following steps:
  • A fills the multi-protocol label exchange protocol data unit to be sent into a load information field field of a universal framing procedure data frame;
  • B transmits the universal framing procedure data frame to a destination node through a transmission network;
  • the multi-protocol label exchange protocol data unit is taken out from the segment.
  • the step A further includes the following sub-steps: setting a value of a user load identifier field of the universal framing procedure data frame to a predetermined value indicating that the frame carries a multi-protocol label exchange protocol data unit.
  • the predetermined value indicating that this frame carries the multi-protocol label switching protocol data unit is 0x07 in hexadecimal.
  • the step C includes the following sub-steps: removing a frame header of the universal framing procedure data frame, and taking out a payload of the universal framing procedure data frame as the multi-protocol label exchange protocol data unit.
  • the method further includes the following steps: before filling the multi-protocol label exchange protocol data unit into the field of the load information area, encoding or compressing the multi-protocol label exchange protocol data unit; from the load information area After the field takes out the multiprotocol label exchange protocol data unit, the multiprotocol label exchange protocol data unit is decoded or decompressed.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is different from the prior art in that the MPLS protocol data unit is encapsulated in a GFP frame format, and the UPI value of the GFP frame is defined to indicate that the frame carries the MPLS protocol data unit, and the Optical transmission online transmission.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an MPLS network structure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a relationship between GFP and upper and lower layers of a network and a location in a network architecture
  • FIG. 3 is a GFP for encapsulating MPLS protocol data unit according to an embodiment of the present invention Frame format diagram.
  • the invention adopts the GFP protocol to encapsulate the MPLS protocol data unit, and transmits it on the physical network to realize the MPLS network service function.
  • the MPLS network combines the advantages of simplicity, efficiency, and flexibility of GFP, and its performance is more complete.
  • the present invention provides a frame format in which the MPLS protocol data unit is encapsulated by the GFP protocol.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a GFP frame format for encapsulating an MPLS protocol data unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG.
  • the GFP frame 301 includes a frame header 302 (Core header) and a payload area 303 (Payload area).
  • the frame header 302 is 32 bits long and is used to independently describe the GFP frame without relying on the content of the high-level protocol data unit; and
  • the load area 303 may be 4 to 65535 bytes in length and is used to carry higher-level protocol data units and related information. More specifically, the frame header 302 includes two areas: a Payload Length Indicator (PLI) and a Core Header Error Check (CHEC) in accordance with the sending order.
  • PLI is 16 bits long and is used to indicate the number of bytes in the payload area 303.
  • the cHEC is 16 bits long and is used to detect the data integrity of the 302 part of the frame header.
  • a 16-bit cyclic redundancy check (Cyclic Redundancy) is used.
  • Check (referred to as "CRC") detection method.
  • the payload area 303 includes a payload header (referred to as "PH", 304) 304, a payload information area (Payload Information Area), and a frame-check sequence (referred to as "FCS”) in the sending order.
  • the payload header 304 can be 4 to 64 bytes in length and is used to support data link management procedures for high-level customer data. The total length of the payload information area and payload FCS cannot exceed 65536 bytes, of which the payload information area is the encapsulated upper layer.
  • the payload FCS is optional and has a length of 4 bytes, which is used to perform a 32-bit CRC check on the payload information area.
  • the payload header 304 includes a payload type (Payload Type) 305 and a type HEC (Type HEC (referred to as "tHEC”), Extension Header (Extension Header), Extension HEC (referred to as "eHEC”).
  • Type HEC referred to as "tHEC”
  • Extension Header Extension Header
  • eHEC Extension HEC
  • the payload type 305 is 16 bits long and is used to indicate the content of the payload information area of the GFP frame and Format; tHEC is 16 bits long, used to detect the data integrity of load type 305, and can implement the functions of single-bit error correction and double-bit error detection; the header extension area is optional, and the length can be 0 to 60 bytes, Header information used to support data link technical specifications, such as virtual link identifier, source / destination address, port number, and service level; eHEC is also optional, which is a 16-bit CRC check code for the header extension area .
  • the payload type 305 includes 4 parts, which are respectively a payload type identifier (Payload Type Identifier, "PTI"), a payload frame check sequence indicator (Payload FCS Indicator, "PFI"), and a header extension identifier ( Extension Header Identifier (referred to as “ ⁇ ”) and user payload identifier (User Payload Identifier, referred to as “UPI”).
  • PTI payload Type Identifier
  • PFI payload frame check sequence indicator
  • Extension Header Identifier
  • User Payload Identifier User Payload Identifier
  • PTI When the PTI is binary (000), it is Customer data frame, when PTI takes binary (100), it is the client management frame; 1-bit long PFI indicates whether the load FCS exists; 4-bit long EXI identification header extension type of extended frame header; 8-bit long UPI is used for Indicates the type of the load carried in the load information area of the GFP frame.
  • PI takes binary (000) that is, when a customer data frame is transmitted, the following load types have been defined: Ethernet in frame mapping mode, frame PPP in mapping mode, FC in transparent mode, FICON in transparent mode, ESCON in transparent mode, Gigabit Ethernet in transparent mode, SDH-based multiple access protocol in frame mapping mode (multiple access protocol over SDH (referred to as "MAPOS").
  • the following values are reserved for the UPI value space: 0x00 and OxFF are not available, 0x07 are reserved in the future, 0x09 to OxEF are reserved for future standardization, and 0xF0 to OxFE It is reserved for intellectual property rights.
  • the method for encapsulating the MPLS protocol data unit in the above GFP in an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to FIG. 3 (b). It is then filled as part of the load information area in the GFP data frame.
  • the GFP frame used to encapsulate the MPLS protocol data unit includes the following parts in accordance with the sending order: load length indication, frame header error check, load header, load information area, ie, the MPLS protocol data unit, and the load FCS.
  • the MPLS protocol data unit includes an MPLS label and an MPLS load according to the sending order.
  • the GFP frame can carry the MPLS protocol data unit.
  • the MPLS protocol data unit can also be filled in the GFP frame in other ways, such as being filled after encoding and compression, or the GFP frame can be used to encapsulate the MPLS protocol data unit without affecting the present.
  • the UPI of the GFP frame encapsulating the MPLS protocol data unit is defined as a value of 0x07, which is used to indicate that the frame carries the MPLS protocol data unit.
  • a method for transmitting an MPLS service on an optical transmission network includes the following steps: First, an MPLS protocol data unit byte to be transmitted is encapsulated in a GFP frame, and the encapsulation method may be an MPLS protocol data unit. It is filled in the load information area of the GFP frame, and other fields of the GFP frame are assigned.
  • the UPI field of the GFP frame is defined as a predetermined value, which is used to indicate that the frame carries an MPLS protocol data unit.
  • the value can be 0x07, or it can be Other feasible values; thereafter, the encapsulated GFP frame is transmitted to the destination node on the optical transmission network.
  • each intermediate node can identify the MPLS protocol data unit carried in the frame according to the value defined in the UPI field, which is convenient for correct processing.
  • the destination node fetches the MPLS protocol data unit from the information field of the LAPS frame.
  • a decapsulation process This process is the reverse of the above encapsulation process.
  • the GFP frame header is removed and the payload is taken out.

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Description

传送多协议标签交换协议数据单元的方法 技术领域 本发明涉及在一种低层协议上传送高层协议数据单元的方法,特 别涉及在通用成帧规程协议基础上传送多协议标签交换协议数据单 元的方法。 背景技术
多协议标签交换(Multi-protocol Label Switch, 简称 "MPLS" ) 是国际互联网工程任务组 ( Internet Engineering Task Force , 筒称 "IETF" ) 的标准协议。 MPLS 是基于标签的互联网协议 ( internet Protocol, 筒称 "IP" )路由选择方法, 它属于第三层交换技术, 引入 了基于标签的机制,把选路和转发分开, 由标签来规定一个分组通过 网絡的路径, 数据传输通过标签交换路径(Label Switch Path, 简称 "LSP" ) 完成, 它将原本在 IP网络的第三层的包交换转换成第二层 的交换。 图 1示出了 MPLS网络结构。 MPLS网络 101由核心部分的标签 交换路由器 104 ( Label Switch Router, 筒称 "LSR" )、 边缘部分的标 签边缘路由器 103 ( Label Edge Router, 简称 "LER" )组成。其中 LER 103用于分析 IP包头,执行第三层网絡功能, 决定相应的传送级别和 LSP, 它与外部网络 102相连接的, 从外部网絡 102接收外部分组交 换数据包 105; LSR104用于建立 LSP, 执行标签交换机制和月良务质 量保证 ( Quality of Service, 简称 "QoS" ), 转发 MPLS网络 101内 部的分组数据包 106, 它由控制单元和交换单元组成, 它处在网络内 部, 与 LER 103和其他 LSR 104相连。 MPLS 的标签交换工作流程如下: 最初由标签分发协议(Label
Distribution Protocol, 简称 "LDP" )和传统路由协议, 比如开发最短 路优先协议 ( Open Shortest Path First, 筒称 "OSPF" )等, 在 LSR中 建立路由表和标签映射表;在网络运行中,首先在 MPLS核心网入口 处的 LER接收外部网络的 IP包,完成第三层网络功能,并给 IP包加 上标签; 接着该数据包在 LSP中传输, 此时 LSR不再对分组进行第 三层处理, 只是才艮据分组上的标签通过交换单元进行转发, 最终达到 网络另一端即出口处的 LER; 最后在 MPLS出口处的 LER将分组中 的标签去掉后按照相应外部网络协议继续进行转发。 由于 MPLS技术隔绝了标签分发机制与数据流的关系, 因此, 它 的实现并不依赖于特定的数据链路层协议,因此可支持多种的物理层 和数据链路层技术。 目前实现了在帧中继( Frame Relay,简称 "FR" ), 异步传输模式(Asynchronous Transfer Mode, 简称 "ATM" )和点到 点协议 ( Point-to-Point Protocol, 简称 "PPP" )链路以及国际电气电 子工程师协会 ( Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 简称 "IEEE" ) 802.3协议的局域网上使用 MPLS的业务。 采用 MPLS技 术的网络对于 IP业务的转发, 简化了层与层之间的路由转发过程, 从而加快 MPLS交换速度,进而提高网络效率, 同时能满足不同等级 业务的传送, 所以说 MPLS既有交换机的高速度与流量控制能力, 又 具备了路由器灵活的功能和服务质量保证机制。 通用成帧规程(General Framing Procedure, 简称 "GFP" )是国 际电信联盟电信标准部 ( The International Telecommunication Union - Telecommunication Standardization Sector , 简称 " ITU-T " ) G.7041/Y.1303建议中描述的一种新的成帧协议。 GFP在高速数据通 信通道上, 既可用于固定长度数据包的传递, 也可用于可变长度数据 包的传递, 因为 GFP 沿用了异步传输模式(Asynchronous Transfer Mode, 简称 "ATM" )采用的基于帧头错误校验 ( Header Error Check, 简称 "HEC" )进行帧定界的机制。 GFP开拓了调制解调器点到点传 输的能力, 将输入数据流按照顺序排列发送, 从而极大地简化了数据 链路层的同步和数据帧的分界定位操作。它不像基于高级数据链路控 制(High-level Data Link Control, 筒称 "HDLC" )成帧协议所采用的 定界机制, 即使用报头标志、 逃逸字节 "7D,,、 "7E" 等。 GFP 不需 要对协议数据单元(Protocol Data Unit, 筒称 "PDU" )进行特定的线 路编码,从而减少了对处理它的逻辑电路的要求。 GFP可为客户层指 派服务质量(Quality of Service, 简称 "QoS" )管理功能, 从而减少 了管理开销, 这一点比 ATM要好。 这种较低的执行复杂性使得 GFP 特别适合高速传输链路, 比如同步数字系列 ( Synchronous Digital Hierarchy,筒称 "SDH" )/同步光纤网络( Synchronous Optical Network, 简称 "SONET" )的点对点协议(Point-to-Point Protocol, 简称 "PPP" ) 链路、 光传输网络(Optical Transport Network, 筒称 'ΌΤΝ" ), 甚至 能够在棵光纤上应用。 对于高速数据传输环境, 许多传统解决方案, 如 ΑΤΜ、 帧中继 (Frame Relay , 筒称 "FR" )、 PPP/HDLC、 PPP-over-SDH/SONET (筒称 "POS" ), 并不能适应网絡业务发展的 需求, 而 GFP则成为最被看好的替代方案。 图 2 ( a )示出了 GFP与网络上下层的关系。从图中可以看出 GFP 与高层客户数据和 GFP与低层传输通道的关系。 将 GFP分成上下两 层, 上面一层与客户 PDU相关, 称为 GFP客户定义方面, 用于处理 客户数据的封装管理, 下面一层与客户 PDU无关, 称为 GFP通用方 面, 用于通道发送接收及控制。
GFP 的净负荷开销可以执行多重传送模式在同一个传输通道中 进行。 一种模式, 对应于帧映射的 GFP ( Frame-Mapped GFP, 简称 "GFP-F" ), 最适合包交换环境, 此时的资源管理交给资源原始数据 客户。 这就是用于原始 IP、 PPP和以太网业务的传送模式。 第二种模 式, 对应于透明 GFP ( Transparent GFP, 简称 "GFP-T" ), 主要是用 于对于时延比较敏感的电路仿真类型的应用,其目的就是在适配层上 进行有效的传送。 这就是用于光通道(Fibre Channel, 简称 "FC" )、 企业系统连接(Enterprise Systems Connection, 简称 "ESCON" ) 和 光纤连接( Fibre Connection, 简称 "FICON" ) 业务的传送模型。 目前 IP业务等分组交换业务主要是封装后放在 FR、 PPP/HDLC, POS或 ATM 中, 再跨越基于时分复用 (Time Division Multiplexing, 简称 " TDM" ) 的核心网络传送的。 目前, 虽然大多数边缘路由器, 特别是在城域和广域网核心的接口逐渐采用 STM-16/OC-48C 和 STM-64/OC-192c SDH/SONET接口, 但大多数 FR和 PPP接口依然 工作在 DS1 , DS3 或 OC-3c速率上, 或者以更 4氐的速率传送。 以 太网和存贮区域网络(StorageArea Networking, 简称 "SAN" )协议, 诸如: FC、 ESCON和 FICON依然还是按照传统的传输方案, 通过 供应商独有的专有协议放在公网上传输。 而 GFP正是采用具有 QoS 且基于现有标准的机制, 通过 TDM网络传送以太网 /SAN业务, 适 应了改善数据中心和 SAN互连性的要求和基于以太网的虚拟专网以 及通过 802.1Q/P得到 QoS功能不断增加的要求。 根据前述, 图 2 ( b ) 示出了 GFP在网络结构中的位置。 其中网 络底层釆用高数据率的光纤网络作为物理媒质,比如波分复用(Wave Division Multiplexing, 简称 "WDM" )、 OTN等, 然后是建构 SONET 或 SDH网络。 在 SONET/SDH上可以架构传统的 HDLC、 ATM或 GFP,这里 ATM和 GFP也可以建在传输媒质上。传统的网络在 HDLC 之上建立以太网 (Ethernet )等用来承载网络层的 IP业务, 也可直接 在 ATM上承载 IP业务( IP Over ATM, 简称 "IPOA" )„ 然而在 GFP 上也可以采用以太网模式或者直接承载 IP业务、 FC、 ESCON、 FICON 等 SAN业务。 从上面的叙述中可以看出, 目前网络架构采用的是在 HDLC等 传统数据链路层上^载诸如 MPLS 这样的分组交换网 (Packet Switching Network, 简称 "PSN" )业务的方法, 所以现有的 MPLS 的数据链路层一般采用 HDLC/PPP、 FR、 ATM、 Ethernet等, 而在光 传送网一般是采用 HDLC/PPP的方式。 在实际应用中, 上述方案存在以下问题: 数据业务用 PPP/HDLC 方式封装在光传送网上传送, 显得比较复杂、 效率低、 不灵活, 直接 影响构建在其上的 MPLS网络的性能。
造成这种情况的主要原因在于, 目前的 MPLS 网絡采用的传统数 据链路层协议或封装方法不能完全满足 MPLS网络的要求, 也不能适 应未来网络业务发展的需要。 发明内容 有鉴于此,本发明的主要目的在于提供一种传送多协议标签交换 协议数据单元的方法,使得 MPLS网絡业务的传输效率、资源利用率、 网络性能均得到提高。 为实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种传送多协议标签交换协议数 据单元的方法, 包含以下步骤:
A将待发送的所述多协议标签交换协议数据单元填充到通用成 帧规程数据帧的负荷信息区字段中; B将所述通用成帧规程数据帧通过传输网络传输到目的节点;
C在所述目的节点从所述通用成帧规程数据帧的负荷信息区字 段中取出所述多协议标签交换协议数据单元。 其中, 所述步骤 A还进一步包含以下子步骤: 将所述通用成帧规程数据帧的用户负荷标识符字段的值设置成 表示本帧承载多协议标签交换协议数据单元的预定值。 所述表示本帧承载多协议标签交换协议数据单元的预定值为十 六进制的 0x07。 所述步骤 C包含以下子步骤: 去除所述通用成帧规程数据帧的帧头,将所述通用成帧规程数据 帧的净荷取出作为所述多协议标签交换协议数据单元。 还进一步包含以下步骤:在将所述多协议标签交换协议数据单元 填充到所述负荷信息区字段中以前,对所述多协议标签交换协议数据 单元进行编码或压缩; 在从所述负荷信息区字段取出所述多协议标签交换协议数据单 元后, 对所述多协议标签交换协议数据单元进行解码或解压缩。 通过比较可以发现, 本发明的技术方案与现有技术的区别在于, 采用 GFP帧格式封装 MPLS协议数据单元, 同时定义 GFP帧的 UPI 值用于指示该帧承载的是 MPLS 协议数据单元, 并在光传送网上传 输。
这种技术方案上的区别, 带来了较为明显的有益效果, 即采用 GFP对 MPLS协议数据单元封装, 减小了封装开销和封装时延, 增加 了网絡流通量, 提高了 QoS兼容性, 降低了实现和执行的复杂度, 提 高了 MPLS网络性能和服务盾量。 附图说明 图 1是 MPLS网络结构示意图; 图 2是 GFP与网络上下层的关系及在网络架构中的位置示意图; 图 3是根据本发明的一个实施例的用于封装 MPLS协议数据单元 的 GFP帧格式示意图。 具体实施方式 为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚, 下面将结合附图 对本发明作进一步地详细描述。 本发明采用 GFP协议封装 MPLS协议数据单元, 并在物理网络 上传送,实现 MPLS网络业务功能。这样使得 MPLS网络结合了 GFP 的简单、 高效、 灵活的优点, 其性能更加完善。 首先, 本发明给出采用 GFP协议封装 MPLS协议数据单元的帧 格式。图 3示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的用于封装 MPLS协议数 据单元的 GFP帧格式。 如图 3 ( a )所示, GFP帧 301按照发送顺序包含帧头 302 ( Core header )和负荷区 303 ( Payload area ) 两邵分。 其中巾贞头 302长为 32 位, 用于独立描述 GFP帧而不依赖于高层协议数据单元的内容; 而 负荷区 303长度可以是 4到 65535字节,用于承载高层协议数据单元 及相关信息。 更具体的说, 帧头 302 按照发送顺序又包含负荷长度指示 ( Payload Length Indicator,简称 "PLI" )和帧头错误校验( Core Header Error Check, 简称 "cHEC" ) 两个区域。 其中 PLI长为 16位, 用于 指示负荷区 303的字节数; cHEC长为 16位, 用于检测帧头 302部 分的数据完整性,采用的是 16位的循环冗余校验( Cyclic Redundancy Check, 简称 "CRC" )检测方法。 负荷区 303 按照发送顺序包含负荷头 (Payload Header, 简称 "PH,,) 304、 负荷信息区(Payload Information Area )、 负荷帧校验序 列 (Frame-Check Sequence, 简称 "FCS" )三部分。 其中负荷头 304 长度可以为 4到 64个字节, 用于支持高层客户数据的数据链路管理 规程; 负荷信息区和负荷 FCS总共长度不能超过 65536个字节, 其 中负荷信息区为被封装的高层客户数据, 负荷 FCS是可选的, 长度 为 4字节, 用于对负荷信息区进行 32位的 CRC校验。 负荷头 304按照发送顺序又包含负荷类型 (Payload Type ) 305、 类型 HEC ( Type HEC, 简称 "tHEC" ),头扩展区( Extension Header )、 扩展 HEC ( Extension HEC, 简称 "eHEC" )。 其中负荷类型 305, 长 为 16位, 用于指示 GFP帧的负荷信息区的内容和格式; tHEC长为 16位, 用于检测负荷类型 305的数据完整性, 可以实现单位纠错和 双位检错的功能; 头扩展区是可选的, 长度可以为 0到 60个字节, 用于支持数据链路技术规范的头信息, 比如虚连接标识符、 源 /目的 地址、 端口号、 服务等级; eHEC同样是可选的, 即为对于头扩展区 的 16位的 CRC校验编码。 负荷类型 305包含 4个部分,按照发送顺序分别为负荷类型标识 符( Payload Type Identifier,简称" PTI" ),负荷帧校验序列指示( Payload FCS Indicator, 简称 "PFI" )、 头扩展标识符 (Extension Header Identifier, 简称 'ΈΧΙ" )和用户负荷标识符( User Payload Identifier, 筒称 "UPI" )。 其中 3位长的 PTI用于标识 GFP客户帧的类型, PTI 取二进制的 (000 )时为客户数据帧, PTI取二进制的 (100 ) 时为客 户管理帧; 1位长的 PFI指示负荷 FCS是否存在; 4位长的 EXI标识 头扩展中扩展帧头的类型; 8位长的 UPI用于指示在 GFP帧的负荷 信息区中承载负荷的类型。 当 ΡΉ取二进制的 (000 ) 时, 即传输的 是客户数据帧时, 已经定义了以下几种负荷类型: 帧映射模式的以太 网、 帧映射模式的 PPP、 透明模式的 FC、 透明模式的 FICON、 透明 模式的 ESCON、透明模式的千兆以太网、 帧映射模式的基于 SDH的 多址协议 ( multiple access protocol over SDH, 简称 "MAPOS" )。 其 中 UPI的取值空间保留的以下值(十六进制): 0x00和 OxFF不可获 得、 0x07为将来保留、 0x09到 OxEF为将来标准化保留、 0xF0到 OxFE 为知识产权保留。 下面结合图 3 ( b )详细描述在本发明的一个实施例中将 MPLS 协议数据单元封装在上述 GFP中的方法。 将 MPLS协议数据单元直 接填充为 GFP数据帧中的负荷信息区部分。 用于封装 MPLS协议数 据单元的 GFP帧按照发送顺序包含以下部分: 负荷长度指示、 帧头 错误校验、 负荷头、 负荷信息区即 MPLS协议数据单元、 负荷 FCS。 其中 MPLS协议数据单元按照发送顺序包含 MPLS标签和 MPLS负 荷两部分。 经过这样封装以后的 GFP帧即可承载 MPLS协议数据单 元。熟悉本领域的技术人员可以理解,这里 MPLS协议数据单元也可 以以其他方式填充于 GFP帧当中, 比如经过编码、 压缩之后填充, 也可以实现 GFP帧对于 MPLS协议数据单元的封装, 而不影响本发 明的实质和范围。 在本发明的一个实施例中, 将封装 MPLS协议数据单元的 GFP 帧的 UPI定义为值 0x07, 用于指示该帧承载的是 MPLS协议数据单 元。熟悉本发明的技术人员可以理解,这里也可以定义 GFP帧的 UPI 值为任意可行值,用于指示该 GFP帧承载的是 MPLS协议数据单元, 而不影响本发明的实质和范围。 在本发明的一个实施例中, 在光传送网上传输 MPLS 业务的方 法, 包含以下步骤: 首先,将待传输的 MPLS协议数据单元字节封装在 GFP帧当中, 封装方法可以是将 MPLS协议数据单元填充于 GFP帧的负荷信息区 中, 并对 GFP帧的其他字段进行赋值; 接着, 将 GFP帧的 UPI字段定义为预定的值, 用于指示该帧承 载的是 MPLS协议数据单元, 这里预定的值可以取 0x07, 也可以为 其他可行值; 此后, 将封装后的 GFP帧在光传送网上传输到目的节点。 LAPS 帧在传播过程中,各个中间节点可以根据 UPI字段定义的值识别该帧 中承载的是 MPLS协议数据单元, 便于进行正确的处理。 最后,在目的节点从 LAPS帧的信息字段取出 MPLS协议数据单 元。 这里是一个解封装的过程, 该过程是上述封装过程的逆过程, 将 GFP帧头去掉, 将净荷取出。 需要说明的是, 以前 MPLS只定义了 两种承载 MPLS的链路层技术——以太网 MAC和 PPP协议。现在我 们增加了 GFP作为一种选择, 使 MPLS能够高效地在 SDH/SONET 上传送。
虽然通过参照本发明的某些优选实施例, 已经对本发明进行了图 示和描述, 但本领域的普通技术人员应该明白, 可以在形式上和细节 上对其作各种各样的改变,而不偏离所附权利要求书所限定的本发明 的精神和范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种传送多协议标签交换协议数据单元的方法, 其特征在于, 包含以下步骤:
A将待发送的所述多协议标签交换协议数据单元填充到通用成 帧规程数据帧的负荷信息区字段中;
B 将所述通用成帧规程数据帧通过传输网絡传输到目的节点;
C 在所述目的节点从所述通用成帧规程数据帧的负荷信息区字 段中取出所述多协议标签交换协议数据单元。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的传送多协议标签交换协议数据单元的 方法, 其特征在于, 所述步驟 A还进一步包含以下子步骤: 将所述通用成帧规程数据帧的用户负荷标识符字段的值设置成 表示本帧承载多协议标签交换协议数据单元的预定值。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的传送多协议标签交换协议数据单元的 方法, 其特征在于, 所述表示本帧承载多协议标签交换协议数据单元 的预定值为十六进制的 0x07。
4. 根据权利要求 1 所述的传送多协议标签交换协议数据单元的 方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 C包含以下子步骤: 去除所述通用成帧规程数据帧的帧头,将所述通用成帧规程数据 帧的净荷取出作为所述多协议标签交换协议数据单元。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的传送多协议标签交换协议数据单元的 方法, 其特征在于, 还进一步包含以下步骤: 在将所述多协议标签交换协议数据单元填充到所述负荷信息区 字段中以前, 对所述多协议标签交换协议数据单元进行编码或压缩; 在从所述负荷信息区字段取出所述多协议标签交换协议数据单 元后, 对所述多协议标签交换协议数据单元进行解码或解压缩。
6. 根据权利要求 1所述的传送多协议标签交换协议数据单元的 方法, 其特征在于, 所述通用成帧规程在国际电信联盟电信标准部建 议 G.7041/Y.1303中定义。
7. 根据权利要求 1所述的传送多协议标签交换协议数据单元的 方法, 其特征在于, 所述传输网络是光传送网。
PCT/CN2004/001164 2003-12-03 2004-10-13 Procede de transmission d'une unite de donnees de protocole de commutation multiprotocole par etiquette WO2005055547A1 (fr)

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