WO2005054753A1 - Air conditioning unit - Google Patents

Air conditioning unit Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005054753A1
WO2005054753A1 PCT/FI2004/000743 FI2004000743W WO2005054753A1 WO 2005054753 A1 WO2005054753 A1 WO 2005054753A1 FI 2004000743 W FI2004000743 W FI 2004000743W WO 2005054753 A1 WO2005054753 A1 WO 2005054753A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
coil
duct
unit
supply
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2004/000743
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Aki Kurronen
Original Assignee
Aki Kurronen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aki Kurronen filed Critical Aki Kurronen
Publication of WO2005054753A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005054753A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
    • F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
    • F24F12/002—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using an intermediate heat-transfer fluid
    • F24F12/003—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using an intermediate heat-transfer fluid using a heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/0001—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation
    • F24F2011/0002—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation for admittance of outside air
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/56—Heat recovery units

Definitions

  • This invention relates to air conditioning and ventilation, especially it is concerned with a unit to be placed in branch duct serving limited spaces, and to which air is supplied from and exhausted to a central device.
  • Indoor air conditioning and ventilation have heretofore been effected by systems in which filtered and heated or cooled air is supplied to rooms through ducts. Many buildings do not have any secondary cooling but if there is any, the room cooling is effected with cooling beams or with cooling fan-coils. Room heating is effected with radiators or with heating fan-coils. Cooling beams and cooling fan-coils are connected to central water cooling unit with pipes. Radiators and heating fan-coils are also connected to a central heating system with pipes. Fan-coil cooling can also be effected by a direct expansion system where a separate condenser is needed.
  • US-patent 3,802,218 presents an air-conditioning system comprising a compressor unit including a heat exchanger coil, an induction coil unit including a refrigerant coil and an air duct extending into the induction coil unit for introducing primary air to the induction unit.
  • Room air is introduced into the induction coil unit by the primary airflow to effect heat exchange and is thereafter mixed with primary air and supplied into the room.
  • Exhaust room air is brought into heat exchange with the heat exchanger coil and is then discharged from the compressor unit.
  • An object of this invention is to provide a room air-conditioning system, which enables good room temperature control by avoiding the problems of prior art.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a room air-conditioning system, which enables a good air quality.
  • the air conditioning unit of the invention serves limited spaces. Air is supplied to it from a central device and exhausted to the central device through a duct system.
  • the unit comprises a cooling compressor with a piping to at least one supply air coil and at least one exhaust air coil. Said coils are placed in branch ducts of the duct system, so that said at least one supply air coil is in a fresh air supply duct and said at least one exhaust air coil in an exhaust air duct.
  • the advantageous embodiments of the invention have the characteristics of the subciaims.
  • the compressor is in the free space of the unit.
  • It can further comprise a control unit for air temperature control and air volume regulation as well as air volume regulation dampers for supply and exhaust air in the air branch ducts.
  • the supply air coil in operation is a cooling coil and the exhaust air coil in operation is a condenser coil, which heats the air.
  • the supply air coil in operation is a condenser coil and the exhaust air coil in operation is a cooling coil.
  • Some embodiments of the invention can be used for both cooling and heating the air flow to the room. In such cases, when the air flow to the room is heated, only the condenser supply air coil and the cooling exhaust air coil are is in operation and the other coils are shut. Correspondingly, when the air flow to the room is cooled, only the cooling supply air coil and the condenser exhaust air coil are in operation and the other coils are shut.
  • the fresh air supplied to the unit is low velocity air preferably with a speed of less than 4 m/s.
  • This invention provides a room air-conditioning system, which enables a good room temperature control with no need for cooling and heating pipes.
  • a regulating unit from which the desired temperature can be selected. It is a duct mounted room air-conditioning unit comprising two regulating dampers, a standard compressor unit including one or two condenser coils, one or two direct expansion cooling coils, refrigerant pipes, necessary valves and regulation and control unit.
  • the invention fulfills the above presented objects of good air quality of no disturbing sounds since the supply air is fresh, low velocity air.
  • air conditioning systems of prior art circulating of room air combined with high velocity air is used.
  • High velocity air has a speed of >10 m/s causing disturbing noise and circulating air is not necessary of very good quality.
  • the unit of this invention provides a simple unit, which can be installed to new and existing buildings easily by connecting ducts and installing cables.
  • Supply and exhaust ducts inside the room air-conditioning unit of the invention are connected with drain so that condensed water from the cooling coil is evaporated into the duct, wherein the acting condenser is. It is also possible to connect drain to the drainage of the building, if so desired, or if the moisture of the supply air is very high. It is also possible to regulate the air amount to the room.
  • This invented room air-conditioning unit comprises two regulating dampers, a standard compressor unit- including one or two condenser coils, one or two direct expansion cooling coils, refrigerant pipes, necessary valves and regulation and control units.
  • Supply air from a central air-conditioning unit comes to the room air conditioning unit and first it flows through the supply air regulation damper.
  • the air volume can be regulated from the regulating unit in the room. After that the air flows to the room through a duct mounted cooling coil and a duct mounted condenser coil, of which only either one is operating. Exhaust air from the room is sucked through duct mounted cooling and condenser coils of which only either one, and different than in supply duct, is operating. After that the air flows through the exhaust air damper to the main exhaust duct.
  • the exhaust air damper operates together with the supply air damper.
  • the damper air resistance can be pre-regulated individually and the two dampers are operating together by a damper motor.
  • Figure 1 presents the main principle of the air conditioning unit of the invention
  • Figure 2 presents an other embodiment of the air conditioning unit of the invention
  • the air conditioning unit of the invention is generally presented with reference number 1. It is placed in a branched duct of a duct system connected to a central air-conditioning device.
  • the air conditioning unit 1 serves limited spaces, such as rooms in a building, and air is supplied from and exhausted to the central device.
  • the unit 1 comprises air volume regulation dampers 18, 19 for supply air supplied through a supply air duct 6 for fresh air and for exhaust air exhausted through an exhaust air duct 7, respectively.
  • the fresh air supplied is low velocity air with a speed of ⁇ 4 m/s.
  • the air conditioning unit 1 further comprises a compressor unit 2 having a piping to heat exchange coils 3, 13 and 4, 14.
  • a cooling coil 3 and a heating coil 13 are included in the supply air duct 6.
  • the temperature and volume of the air are controlled with a control unit 8.
  • Supply air from a central air-conditioning device comes through the duct system to the room air conditioning unit 1 of the invention.
  • the air volume can be regulated from the control unit 8 in the room.
  • the damper air resistance can be pre-regulated individually and the two dampers are equipped with one or two damper motors.
  • a compressor unit 2 is connected to a duct mounted condenser coil 4 and to a duct mounted cooling coil 3 by refrigerant pipes 5 acting as an inverse Rankine process known in itself to provide cooled air to the room.
  • refrigerant pipes 5 acting as an inverse Rankine process known in itself to provide cooled air to the room.
  • the control system 12 conducts the 3-way valves 10 and 11 to change the flow to the condenser coil 13 in the supply air duct 6 and to cooling coil 14 in the exhaust air duct 7.
  • Both coils 3, 13 in the supply air duct and coils 4, 14 in the exhaust air duct are equipped with drain pans 15, which are connected together with drain 16. This drain is equipped with a water lock. Condensed water from the cooling coil 3, 14 is evaporated from the pan where the condenser coil 4, 13 in operation. Pipes from the condenser coils 4, 13 to the cooling coils 3, 14 are equipped with capillary tubes or expansion valves.
  • the compressor 2 is a standard type compressor used e.g. in refrigerators.
  • Supply air is supplied from the supply air main duct 8. Exhaust air is sucked to the main exhaust duct 9. Air volume to and from the room is regulated with the supply air damper 18 and exhaust air damper 19. Dampers 18 and 19 operate together by the power of a damper motor 20. Cooling air for the compressor is taken from the supply air duct 25 and heated air from the compressor space is sucked to the exhaust air duct 26.
  • the control system 12 is connected to a power supply 21 and to a damper motor 20, to compressor 2, to 3-way magnetic valves 10, 11 , to temperature sensors 22 and to the regulating unit 23 in the room with cables 24.
  • the control system keeps the room temperature and the supply and exhaust air volume in the set value.

Abstract

The invention is concerned with an air conditioning unit (1), which serves limited spaces. Air is supplied to it from a central device and exhausted to the central device through a duct system. The unit comprises a cooling compressor (2) with a piping to at least one supply air coil (3,13) and at least one exhaust air coil (4,14). Said coils are placed in branch ducts (6,7) of the duct system, so that said at least one supply air coil is in a fresh air supply duct and said at least one exhaust air coil in an exhaust air duct.

Description

AIR CONDITIONING UNIT
TECHNICAL FIELD This invention relates to air conditioning and ventilation, especially it is concerned with a unit to be placed in branch duct serving limited spaces, and to which air is supplied from and exhausted to a central device.
BACKGROUND ART
Indoor air conditioning and ventilation have heretofore been effected by systems in which filtered and heated or cooled air is supplied to rooms through ducts. Many buildings do not have any secondary cooling but if there is any, the room cooling is effected with cooling beams or with cooling fan-coils. Room heating is effected with radiators or with heating fan-coils. Cooling beams and cooling fan-coils are connected to central water cooling unit with pipes. Radiators and heating fan-coils are also connected to a central heating system with pipes. Fan-coil cooling can also be effected by a direct expansion system where a separate condenser is needed.
Previously described systems have both advantages and disadvantages. For instance, if a building only is equipped with a central air conditioning system, the costs are reasonable but the room temperature is difficult to control because of heat producing machines, big windows etc. If the rooms are equipped with secondary stage cooling or heating, like cooling beams or fan-coils, these have to be piped through the" building to the central cooling or heating unit.
Some attempts have been made for better air conditioning in rooms by separate air- conditioning units.
US-patent 3,802,218 presents an air-conditioning system comprising a compressor unit including a heat exchanger coil, an induction coil unit including a refrigerant coil and an air duct extending into the induction coil unit for introducing primary air to the induction unit. Room air is introduced into the induction coil unit by the primary airflow to effect heat exchange and is thereafter mixed with primary air and supplied into the room. Exhaust room air is brought into heat exchange with the heat exchanger coil and is then discharged from the compressor unit.
This solution is, however, based on circulation of room air and high-velocity primary air. The problem with using air circulation is that a filter is needed in the induction coil, which filter has to be cleaned very often. The high-velocity air, in turn, causes sound in the room, if not equipped with extra sound dampers.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
An object of this invention is to provide a room air-conditioning system, which enables good room temperature control by avoiding the problems of prior art.
Another object of the invention is to provide a room air-conditioning system, which enables a good air quality.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The air conditioning unit of the invention serves limited spaces. Air is supplied to it from a central device and exhausted to the central device through a duct system. The unit comprises a cooling compressor with a piping to at least one supply air coil and at least one exhaust air coil. Said coils are placed in branch ducts of the duct system, so that said at least one supply air coil is in a fresh air supply duct and said at least one exhaust air coil in an exhaust air duct.
The advantageous embodiments of the invention have the characteristics of the subciaims. The compressor is in the free space of the unit.
It can further comprise a control unit for air temperature control and air volume regulation as well as air volume regulation dampers for supply and exhaust air in the air branch ducts.
When the conditioning air is to be cooled, then the supply air coil in operation is a cooling coil and the exhaust air coil in operation is a condenser coil, which heats the air. Correspondingly, when the conditioning air is to be heated, then the supply air coil in operation is a condenser coil and the exhaust air coil in operation is a cooling coil. Some embodiments of the invention can be used for both cooling and heating the air flow to the room. In such cases, when the air flow to the room is heated, only the condenser supply air coil and the cooling exhaust air coil are is in operation and the other coils are shut. Correspondingly, when the air flow to the room is cooled, only the cooling supply air coil and the condenser exhaust air coil are in operation and the other coils are shut.
The fresh air supplied to the unit is low velocity air preferably with a speed of less than 4 m/s.
This invention provides a room air-conditioning system, which enables a good room temperature control with no need for cooling and heating pipes. In the room there is advantageously a regulating unit, from which the desired temperature can be selected. It is a duct mounted room air-conditioning unit comprising two regulating dampers, a standard compressor unit including one or two condenser coils, one or two direct expansion cooling coils, refrigerant pipes, necessary valves and regulation and control unit.
The invention fulfills the above presented objects of good air quality of no disturbing sounds since the supply air is fresh, low velocity air. In air conditioning systems of prior art circulating of room air combined with high velocity air is used. High velocity air has a speed of >10 m/s causing disturbing noise and circulating air is not necessary of very good quality.
The unit of this invention provides a simple unit, which can be installed to new and existing buildings easily by connecting ducts and installing cables. Supply and exhaust ducts inside the room air-conditioning unit of the invention are connected with drain so that condensed water from the cooling coil is evaporated into the duct, wherein the acting condenser is. It is also possible to connect drain to the drainage of the building, if so desired, or if the moisture of the supply air is very high. It is also possible to regulate the air amount to the room.
This invented room air-conditioning unit comprises two regulating dampers, a standard compressor unit- including one or two condenser coils, one or two direct expansion cooling coils, refrigerant pipes, necessary valves and regulation and control units. Supply air from a central air-conditioning unit comes to the room air conditioning unit and first it flows through the supply air regulation damper. The air volume can be regulated from the regulating unit in the room. After that the air flows to the room through a duct mounted cooling coil and a duct mounted condenser coil, of which only either one is operating. Exhaust air from the room is sucked through duct mounted cooling and condenser coils of which only either one, and different than in supply duct, is operating. After that the air flows through the exhaust air damper to the main exhaust duct. The exhaust air damper operates together with the supply air damper. The damper air resistance can be pre-regulated individually and the two dampers are operating together by a damper motor.
The present invention will be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawing showing an example of how this invented room air-conditioning unit can be built. The intention is not to restrict the invention to the details of the description. FIGURES
Figure 1 presents the main principle of the air conditioning unit of the invention Figure 2 presents an other embodiment of the air conditioning unit of the invention
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
In figure 1 , the air conditioning unit of the invention is generally presented with reference number 1. It is placed in a branched duct of a duct system connected to a central air-conditioning device. The air conditioning unit 1 serves limited spaces, such as rooms in a building, and air is supplied from and exhausted to the central device.
The unit 1 comprises air volume regulation dampers 18, 19 for supply air supplied through a supply air duct 6 for fresh air and for exhaust air exhausted through an exhaust air duct 7, respectively. The fresh air supplied is low velocity air with a speed of < 4 m/s. The air conditioning unit 1 further comprises a compressor unit 2 having a piping to heat exchange coils 3, 13 and 4, 14. As the air conditioning unit 1 can be used for either cooling or heating the air supplied to the room, both a cooling coil 3 and a heating coil 13 are included in the supply air duct 6. Analogously, there is a heating coil 4 and a cooling coil 14 for exhaust air. The temperature and volume of the air are controlled with a control unit 8.
Supply air from a central air-conditioning device comes through the duct system to the room air conditioning unit 1 of the invention. The air volume can be regulated from the control unit 8 in the room. First it flows through the supply air regulating damper 18. After that the air flows to the room space through a duct mounted cooling coil 3 and a duct mounted condenser coil 13, of which only either one is operating. Exhaust air from the room is sucked through duct mounted cooling 14 and condenser coils 4 of which only either one, and different than the one in the supply duct, is operating. Thereafter the air flows through the exhaust air damper 19 to the main exhaust duct 9. The damper air resistance can be pre-regulated individually and the two dampers are equipped with one or two damper motors.
With reference to figure 2 the duct mounted room air-conditioning unit 1 , a compressor unit 2 is connected to a duct mounted condenser coil 4 and to a duct mounted cooling coil 3 by refrigerant pipes 5 acting as an inverse Rankine process known in itself to provide cooled air to the room. When the cooling coil 3 in the supply air duct 6 is in operation, then condenser coil 4 in the exhaust air duct 7 is in operation, too, while the other coils 13, 14 are not. If heat is needed in the room, the control system 12 conducts the 3-way valves 10 and 11 to change the flow to the condenser coil 13 in the supply air duct 6 and to cooling coil 14 in the exhaust air duct 7. Both coils 3, 13 in the supply air duct and coils 4, 14 in the exhaust air duct are equipped with drain pans 15, which are connected together with drain 16. This drain is equipped with a water lock. Condensed water from the cooling coil 3, 14 is evaporated from the pan where the condenser coil 4, 13 in operation. Pipes from the condenser coils 4, 13 to the cooling coils 3, 14 are equipped with capillary tubes or expansion valves. The compressor 2 is a standard type compressor used e.g. in refrigerators.
Supply air is supplied from the supply air main duct 8. Exhaust air is sucked to the main exhaust duct 9. Air volume to and from the room is regulated with the supply air damper 18 and exhaust air damper 19. Dampers 18 and 19 operate together by the power of a damper motor 20. Cooling air for the compressor is taken from the supply air duct 25 and heated air from the compressor space is sucked to the exhaust air duct 26.
The control system 12 is connected to a power supply 21 and to a damper motor 20, to compressor 2, to 3-way magnetic valves 10, 11 , to temperature sensors 22 and to the regulating unit 23 in the room with cables 24. The control system keeps the room temperature and the supply and exhaust air volume in the set value.

Claims

1. Air conditioning unit (1) serving limited spaces; and to which air is supplied from a central device and exhausted to the central device through a duct system, the unit comprising a cooling compressor (2) with a piping to at least one supply air coil (3, 13) and at least one exhaust air coil (4, 14), c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that said coils (3, 13, 4, 14) are placed in branch ducts (6, 7) of the duct system, so that said at least one supply air coil (3,13) is in a fresh air supply duct (6) and said at least one exhaust air coil (4, 14) in an exhaust air duct (7).
2. Air conditioning unit of claim 1, characterized in that the fresh air supplied to the unit (1) is low velocity air.
3. Air conditioning unit of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it further comprises air volume regulation dampers (18, 19) for supply and exhaust air in the air branch ducts (6 resp.7).
4. Air conditioning unit of any of claims 1 -3, ch aracterized in that it further comprises a control unit (8) for air temperature control and air volume regulation.
5. Air conditioning unit of any of claims 1 - 4, c h a r a ct e r i z e d in that one operating supply air coil (3) is a cooling coil and one operating exhaust air coil (4) is a condenser coil.
6. Air conditioning unit of any of claims 1 - 4, c h a r a ct e r i z e d in that one operating supply air coil (13) is a heating coil and one operating exhaust air coil is a cooling coil (14).
7. Air conditioning unit of any of claims 1 -4, c h a r a ct e r i z e d in that the compressor (2) is in the free space of the unit (1).
PCT/FI2004/000743 2003-12-08 2004-12-07 Air conditioning unit WO2005054753A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20031789 2003-12-08
FI20031789A FI20031789A (en) 2003-12-08 2003-12-08 Air Conditioning unit

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005054753A1 true WO2005054753A1 (en) 2005-06-16

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2004/000743 WO2005054753A1 (en) 2003-12-08 2004-12-07 Air conditioning unit

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WO (1) WO2005054753A1 (en)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4414818A (en) * 1981-03-05 1983-11-15 Borg-Warner Ltd. Environmental control system
EP0909926A1 (en) * 1997-10-14 1999-04-21 Aldes Aeraulique Double flow ventilation system
DE19925823A1 (en) * 1999-06-07 2000-12-21 Dkk Ges Fuer Entwicklung Und P Heat recovery from living and work spaces has an evaporator in the exhaust air flow in front of the lateral flow plate heat exchanger and a compressor in the fresh air flow downstream of the heat exchanger near the condenser
US20030154737A1 (en) * 2000-04-25 2003-08-21 Xavier Pelleter Ventilation and air heating treatment installation in a building comprising several housing units

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4414818A (en) * 1981-03-05 1983-11-15 Borg-Warner Ltd. Environmental control system
EP0909926A1 (en) * 1997-10-14 1999-04-21 Aldes Aeraulique Double flow ventilation system
DE19925823A1 (en) * 1999-06-07 2000-12-21 Dkk Ges Fuer Entwicklung Und P Heat recovery from living and work spaces has an evaporator in the exhaust air flow in front of the lateral flow plate heat exchanger and a compressor in the fresh air flow downstream of the heat exchanger near the condenser
US20030154737A1 (en) * 2000-04-25 2003-08-21 Xavier Pelleter Ventilation and air heating treatment installation in a building comprising several housing units

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI20031789A (en) 2005-06-09
FI20031789A0 (en) 2003-12-08

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