WO2005050840A2 - Piezoelectric resonator filter - Google Patents
Piezoelectric resonator filter Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005050840A2 WO2005050840A2 PCT/JP2004/017656 JP2004017656W WO2005050840A2 WO 2005050840 A2 WO2005050840 A2 WO 2005050840A2 JP 2004017656 W JP2004017656 W JP 2004017656W WO 2005050840 A2 WO2005050840 A2 WO 2005050840A2
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- filter
- piezoelectric
- piezoelectric resonators
- resonators
- piezoelectric resonator
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/46—Filters
- H03H9/54—Filters comprising resonators of piezoelectric or electrostrictive material
- H03H9/58—Multiple crystal filters
- H03H9/60—Electric coupling means therefor
- H03H9/605—Electric coupling means therefor consisting of a ladder configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/02—Details
- H03H9/05—Holders; Supports
- H03H9/0538—Constructional combinations of supports or holders with electromechanical or other electronic elements
- H03H9/0566—Constructional combinations of supports or holders with electromechanical or other electronic elements for duplexers
- H03H9/0571—Constructional combinations of supports or holders with electromechanical or other electronic elements for duplexers including bulk acoustic wave [BAW] devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/02—Details
- H03H9/05—Holders; Supports
- H03H9/0538—Constructional combinations of supports or holders with electromechanical or other electronic elements
- H03H9/0566—Constructional combinations of supports or holders with electromechanical or other electronic elements for duplexers
- H03H9/0576—Constructional combinations of supports or holders with electromechanical or other electronic elements for duplexers including surface acoustic wave [SAW] devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/46—Filters
- H03H9/64—Filters using surface acoustic waves
- H03H9/6423—Means for obtaining a particular transfer characteristic
- H03H9/6433—Coupled resonator filters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/70—Multiple-port networks for connecting several sources or loads, working on different frequencies or frequency bands, to a common load or source
- H03H9/703—Networks using bulk acoustic wave devices
- H03H9/706—Duplexers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/70—Multiple-port networks for connecting several sources or loads, working on different frequencies or frequency bands, to a common load or source
- H03H9/72—Networks using surface acoustic waves
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/70—Multiple-port networks for connecting several sources or loads, working on different frequencies or frequency bands, to a common load or source
- H03H9/72—Networks using surface acoustic waves
- H03H9/725—Duplexers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a filter for use in an electronic device such as a mobile communication device. More particularly, the present invention relates to a filter incorporating piezoelectric resonators.
- a piezoelectric resonator is a resonator composed of a piezoelectric material.
- piezoelectric resonator refers to a resonator which has both a frequency (resonance frequency) at which zero impedance is exhibited and a frequency (antiresonance frequency) at which infinitely large impedance is exhibited.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating a conventional ladder-type piezoelectric resonator filter in which a common output section is employed for all parallel piezoelectric resonators and grounded via an inductor component (see Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2003-298392 (paragraph numbers 0044-0052, FIGS. 13 to 18)) .
- a common output section is employed for each of parallel piezoelectric resonators 102a to 102d, and grounded via an inductor component 103.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary structure of another conventional ladder-type piezoelectric resonator filter (see Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No.
- FIG. 24 in this conventional ladder-type piezoelectric resonator filter, a common output section is employed for two parallel piezoelectric resonators 102b and 102c which are not directly connected to input and output terminals, and grounded via an inductor component 103b.
- the output sections of the other parallel piezoelectric resonators 102a and 102d are grounded v ⁇ a inductor components 103a and 103c, respectively.
- a filter is required whose characteristics allow any signal in the trans itting-end frequency band to pass therethrough while blocking any signal in the receiving-end frequency band, i.e., so that little loss is incurred in the transmitting-end frequency band and that a large attenuation amount (crossband attenuation amount) in the receiving-end frequency band is obtained.
- FIG. 25 is a graph illustrating passing characteristics for an input signal against frequency in the conventional piezoelectric resonator filter shown in FIG. 23.
- FIG. 26 is a graph illustrating passing characteristics for an input signal against frequency in the conventional piezoelectric resonator filter shown in FIG. 24.
- the pass band is in the range from 0.985 ⁇ fc to 1.015 ⁇ fc, and that the stop band is in the range from 1.082 ⁇ fc to 1.113 ⁇ fc.
- the pass band shown in FIG. 25or 26 will correspondto a transmission band
- the stop band shown in FIG. 25 or 26 will correspond to a reception band. The characteristics shown in FIGS.
- each of the serial piezoelectric resonators 101a to 101c has a resonance frequency which is equal to about fc ⁇ l.5%; each of the serial piezoelectric resonators 101a to 101c has an antiresonance frequencywhich is equal to about (fc ⁇ l .5%) +2%; each of the parallel piezoelectric resonators 102a to 102d has a resonance frequency which is equal to about (fc ⁇ l .5%) -2%; and each of the parallel piezoelectric resonators 102a to 102d has an antiresonance frequency which is equal to about fc ⁇ l.5%.
- the inductors 13 (FIG.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a piezoelectric resonator filter which only presents a low insertion loss while securing satisfactory characteristics in the stop band.
- the present invention has the following aspects.
- a first aspect of the present invention is directed to a piezoelectric resonator filter for allowing a high-frequency signal in a desired frequency band to pass therethrough, comprising two or more reactance elements in serial connection between an input terminal and an output terminal and at least three or more piezoelectric resonators in parallel connection between the input terminal and the output terminal, the two or more reactance elements and the three or more piezoelectric resonators being disposed in a ladder connection.
- the piezoelectric resonator filter at least two non-adjoining piezoelectric resonators among the three or more piezoelectric resonators share a common electrode, the common electrode being opposite to electrodes which are connected to the two or more reactance elements, and the shared common electrode is grounded via an inductor component.
- non-adjoining piezoelectric resonators which are provided in parallel connectionbetween input and output terminals are grounded via a common inductor.
- the piezoelectric resonator filter includes a T-type circuit between two non-adjoining piezoelectric resonators.
- at least one of the two ormore reactance elements is a piezoelectric resonator.
- at least one of the two ormore reactance elements is a surface acoustic wave filter.
- at least one of the two.ormore reactance elements is a capacitor or an inductor.
- one piezoelectric resonator has an electrode connected to the input terminal, and another piezoelectric resonator has an electrode connected to the output terminal.
- endmost piezoelectric resonators are grounded via a common inductor, so that the insertion loss is reduced even more effectively.
- a second aspect of the present invention is directed to a piezoelectric resonator filter for allowing a high-frequency signal in a desired frequency band to pass therethrough, comprising three or more reactance elements in serial connection between an input terminal and an output terminal and at least four or more piezoelectric resonators in parallel connection between the input terminal and the output terminal, the three or more reactance elements and the four or more piezoelectric resonators being disposed in a ladder connection.
- the piezoelectric resonator filter among the four or more piezoelectric resonators, at least two non-adjoining piezoelectric resonators are included in a first filter group.
- the piezoelectric resonators not included in the first filter group at least two non-adjoining piezoelectric resonators are included in a second filter group.
- the at least two non-adjoining piezoelectric resonators in the first filter group share a common electrode which is groundedvia a first inductor component, the common electrode being opposite to electrodes which are connected to the three or more reactance elements.
- the at least two non-adjoining piezoelectric resonators in the second filter group share a common electrode which is grounded via a second inductor component, the common electrode being opposite to electrodes which are connected to the three or more reactance elements.
- the insertion loss is more reduced than conventionally.
- At least onepiezoelectric resonator in the first filter group has an electrode connected to the input terminal or the output terminal.
- one piezoelectric resonator in the first filter group has an electrode connected to the input terminal
- one piezoelectric resonator in the second filter group has an electrode connected to the output terminal.
- a third aspect of the present invention is directed to a piezoelectric resonator filter for allowing a high-frequency signal in a desired frequency band to pass therethrough, comprising three or more reactance elements in serial connection between an input terminal and an output terminal and at least four or more piezoelectric resonators in parallel connection between the input terminal and the output terminal, the three or more reactance elements and the four or more piezoelectric resonators being disposed in a ladder connection.
- the piezoelectric resonator filter among the four or more piezoelectric resonators, at least twonon-adjoiningpiezoelectric resonators are included in a filter group.
- the at least two non-adjoining piezoelectric resonators in the filter group share a common electrode which is connected to a first inductor component, the common electrode being opposite to electrodes which are connected to the three or more reactance elements, and the first inductor component and at least one piezoelectric resonator not included in the filter group are grounded via a second inductor component .
- the insertion loss is more reduced than conventionally.
- a fourth aspect of the present invention is directed to a duplexer comprising: a transmission filter for allowing a signal in a transmission band to pass therethrough and attenuating a signal in a reception band; and a reception filter for allowing a signal in the reception band to pass therethrough and attenuating a signal in the transmission band.
- the transmission filter and/or the reception filter is : a piezoelectric resonator filter for allowing a high-frequency signal in a desired frequency band to pass therethrough, including two or more reactance elements in serial connection between an input terminal and an output terminal and at least three or more piezoelectric resonators in parallel connection between the input terminal and the output terminal, the two or more reactance elements and the three or more piezoelectric resonators being disposed in a ladder connection. At least two non-adj oiningpiezoelectri c resonators among the three or more piezoelectric resonators share a common electrode, the common electrode being opposite to electrodes which are connected to the two or more reactance elements .
- a fifth aspect of the present invention is directed to a duplexer comprising: a transmission filter for allowing a signal in a transmission band to pass therethrough and attenuating a signal in a reception band; and a reception filter for allowing a signal in the reception band to pass therethrough and attenuating a signal in the transmission band.
- the transmission filter and/or the reception filter is : a piezoelectric resonator filter for allowing a high-frequency signal in a desired frequency band to pass therethrough, including three or more reactance elements in serial connection between an input terminal and an output terminal and at least four or more piezoelectric resonators in parallel connection between the input terminal and the output terminal, the three or more reactance elements and the four or more piezoelectric resonators being disposed in a ladder connection.
- the four or more piezoelectric resonators at least two non-adjoining piezoelectric resonators are included in a first filter group.
- At least two non-adj oining piezoelectric resonators are included in a second filter group.
- the at least two non-adjoining piezoelectric resonators in the first filter group share a common electrode which is groundedvia a first inductor component, the common electrode being opposite to electrodes which are connected to the three or more reactance elements.
- the at least two non-adjoining piezoelectric resonators in the second filter group share a common electrode which is grounded via a second inductor component, the common electrode being opposite to electrodes which are connected to the three or more reactance elements .
- a sixth aspect of the present invention is directed to a duplexer comprising: a transmission filter for allowing a signal in a transmission band to pass therethrough and attenuating a signal in a reception band; and a reception filter for allowing a signal in the reception band to pass therethrough and attenuating a signal in the transmission band.
- the transmission filter and/or the reception filter is : a piezoelectric resonator filter for allowing a high-frequency signal in a desired frequency band to pass therethrough, including three or more reactance elements in serial connection between an input terminal and an output terminal and at least four or more piezoelectric resonators in parallel connection between the input terminal and the output terminal, the three or more reactance elements and the four or more piezoelectric resonators being disposed in a ladder connection.
- the four or more piezoelectric resonators at least two non-adjoining piezoelectric resonators are included in a filter group.
- the at least two non-adjoining piezoelectric resonators in the filter group share a common electrode which is connected to a first inductor component, the common electrode being opposite to electrodes which are connected to the three or more reactance elements.
- the first inductor component and at least one piezoelectric resonator not included in the filter group are grounded via a second inductor component.
- a seventh aspect of the present invention is directed to a communication device comprising a filter, the filter being a piezoelectric resonator filter for allowing a high-frequency signal in a desired frequency band to pass therethrough, including two or more reactance elements in serial connection between an input terminal and an output terminal and at least three or more piezoelectric resonators in parallel connection between the input terminal and the output terminal, the two ormore reactance elements and the three or more piezoelectric resonators being disposed in a ladder connection.
- the at least two non-adjoiningpiezoelectric resonators among the three or more piezoelectric resonators share a common electrode, the common electrode being opposite to electrodes which are connected to the two or more reactance elements .
- An eighth aspect of the present invention is directed to a communication device comprising a filter, the filter being a piezoelectric resonator filter for allowing a high-frequency signal in a desired frequency band to pass therethrough, including three or more reactance elements in serial connection between an input terminal and an output terminal and at least four or more piezoelectric resonators in parallel connection between the input terminal and the output terminal, the three or more reactance elements and the four or more piezoelectric resonators being disposed in a ladder connection.
- the four or more piezoelectric resonators at least two non-adjoining piezoelectric resonators are included in a first filter group.
- At least two non-adjoining piezoelectric resonators are included in a second filter group.
- the at least two non-adjoining piezoelectric resonators in the first filter group share a common electrode which is grounded via a first inductor component, the common electrode being opposite to electrodes which are connected to the three or more reactance elements.
- the at least two non-adjoining piezoelectric resonators in the second filter group share a common electrode which is grounded via a second inductor component, the common electrode being opposite to electrodes which are connected to the three or more reactance elements.
- a ninth aspect of the present invention is directed to a communication device comprising a filter, the filter being a piezoelectric resonator filter for allowing a high-frequency signal in a desired frequency band to pass therethrough, including three or more reactance elements in serial connection between an input terminal and an output terminal and at least four or more piezoelectric resonators in parallel connection between the input terminal and the output terminal, the three or more reactance elements and the four or more piezoelectric resonators being disposed in a ladder connection.
- the four or more piezoelectric resonators at least two non-adjoining piezoelectric resonators are included in a filter group.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of a piezoelectric resonator filter according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating passing characteristics for an input signal against frequency in the piezoelectric resonator filter (FIG. 1) according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a first variant of the piezoelectric resonator filter according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a second variant of the piezoelectric resonator filter according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 5A is a diagram illustrating a cross-sectional structure of a cavity-type FBAR
- FIG. 5B is a diagram illustrating a cross-sectional structure of a mirror-structure-type FBAR
- FIG. 5C is a diagram showing a SAW resonator
- FIG. 6A is a diagram showing a structure in which capacitors 15a, 15b, and 15c are used as reactance elements in a serial portion in the piezoelectric resonator filter according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a structure in which capacitors 15a, 15b, and 15c are used as reactance elements in a serial portion in the piezoelectric resonator filter according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a structure in which capacitors
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of a piezoelectric resonator filter according to a second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an exemplary wiring pattern for the circuit shown in FIG. 7 in the case where inductors 13a and 13b are implemented in the form of chip wiring
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an exemplary wiring pattern in the case where inductors 13a and 13b are implemented in the form of wires inductors 13a and 13b;
- FIG. 10A is a diagram showing an exemplary wiring pattern in the case where the inductors 13a and 13b are implemented in the form of package wiring, illustrating an internal structure of the package as seen from above;
- FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view taken at line CD in FIG. 10A;
- FIG. 10C is a cross-sectional view taken at line AB in FIG. 10A;
- FIG. 11A is a diagram showing an exemplary wiring pattern in the case where the inductors 13a and 13b are implemented in the form of external inductors, illustrating an internal structure of the external circuit as seen from above;
- FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view illustrating a packaged filter chip being mounted to an external circuit, taken at line AB in FIG. 11A;
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a case where SAW resonators are used as piezoelectric resonators in the circuit shown in FIG. 7;
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of a piezoelectric resonator filter according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a first variant of the piezoelectric resonator filter according to the third embodiment;
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a second variant of the piezoelectric resonator filter according to the third embodiment;
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a first example of an equivalent circuit of a piezoelectric resonator filter according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a second example of an equivalent circuit of a piezoelectric resonator filter according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 18 is a.diagram showing a third example of an equivalent circuit of a piezoelectric resonator filter according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a fourth example of an equivalent circuit of a piezoelectric resonator filter according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of a piezoelectric resonator filter according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary structure of an antenna duplexer 400 according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary structure of a communication device 411 according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating a conventional piezoelectric resonator filter inwhich all parallel piezoelectric resonators are grounded via a common inductor
- FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating a conventional piezoelectric resonator filter in which two parallel piezoelectric resonators other than those at the ends are connected to a common inductor
- FIG. 25 is a graph illustrating passing characteristics for an input signal against frequencyinthe conventional piez oelectric resonator filter shown in FIG. 23
- FIG. 26 is a graph illustrating passing characteristics for an input signal against frequency inthe conventionalpiezoelectric resonator filter shown in FIG. 24.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of a piezoelectric resonator filter according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the piezoelectric resonator filter comprises : three piezoelectric resonators 11 (hereinafter referred to as “serial piezoelectric resonators 11") which are provided in serial connection between an input terminal PI and an output terminal P2; four piezoelectric resonators 12 (hereinafter referred to as “parallel piezoelectric resonators 12”) which are provided in parallel connection between the input terminal PI and the output terminal P2 ; and inductors 13a, 13to, and 13c, each of which is grounded at one end.
- serial piezoelectric resonators 11 are labeled as serial piezoelectric resonators 11a to lie for distinction. Otherwises, the serial piezoelectric resonators may collectively be referred to as "serial piezoelectric resonators 11" when there is no need for distinction.
- the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12 are labeled as parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a to 12d for distinction. Otherwise, the parallel piezoelectric resonator may collectively be referred to as "parallel piezoelectric resonators 12" when there is no need for distinction.
- Each of the serial piezoelectric resonators 11 and the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12 is a resonator which has such impedance characteristics that the resonator has both a resonance point and an antiresonance point, e.g., a thin film piezoelectric resonator (FBAR: Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator) or a SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave resonator) resonator.
- FBAR Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator
- SAW Surface Acoustic Wave resonator
- the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12b is provided in parallel connection between the serial piezoelectric resonator 11a and the serial piezoelectric resonator lib.
- the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12c is provided in parallel connection between the serial piezoelectric resonator lib and the serial piezoelectric resonator lie.
- the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12d is provided in parallel connection between the serial piezoelectric resonator lie and the output terminal P2.
- the serial piezoelectric resonators 11 and the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12 are interconnected so as to constitute a ⁇ type ladder filter. Since the filter shown in FIG.
- n-staged ladder filter a filter composed of n piezoelectric resonators (where n is an integer equal to or greater than 2) which are provided in a ladder connection will be re erred to as an "n-staged ladder filter” .
- the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12a and the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12c are grounded via the common inductor 13a.
- the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12b is grounded via the inductor 13b.
- the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12d is grounded via the inductor 13c.
- FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating passing characteristics for an input signal against frequency in the piezoelectric resonator filter (FIG. 1) according to the first embodiment.
- the pass band is in the range from 0.985 ⁇ fc to 1.015 ⁇ fc
- the stop band is in the range froml .082 ⁇ fctol.ll3 fc.
- the pass band shown in FIG. 2 will correspond to a transmission band
- the stop band shown in FIG. 2 will correspond to a reception band.
- the piezoelectric resonator filter of the first embodiment has an insertion loss of about -1.56dB, thus indicating an about -0.26dB improvement in insertion loss relative to the conventional case (FIG. 26) .
- the piezoelectric resonator filter of the first embodiment attains an attenuation amount of about -45dB or less in the stop band, as does the conventional piezoelectric resonator filter.
- the piezoelectric resonator filter of the first embodiment is able to provide a sufficient signal attenuation in the stop band.
- a piezoelectric resonator filter in which non-adjoining parallel piezoelectric resonators are grounded via a common inductor, such that the insertion loss in the pass band is reduced from the conventional level, while maintaining an attenuation amount which compares to the conventional level in the stop band.
- the first embodiment illustrates an example where the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a and 12c are grounded via a common inductor, it is also envisaged that the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12b and 12d may be grounded via a common inductor, and the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a and 12d may be grounded via a common inductor.
- FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram illustrating a piezoelectric resonator filter based on the piezoelectric resonator filter shown in FIG. 1, where an inductor 14 is connected between the common inductor 13a and the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12a (which is one of the parallel piezoelectric resonators composing a common connection) .
- the piezoelectric resonator filter has shown such characteristics that there is an insertion loss of -1.56dB.
- FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram illustrating a piezoelectric resonator filter based on the piezoelectric resonator filter shown in FIG.
- an inductor 14a is connected between the common inductor 13a and the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12a (which is one of the parallel piezoelectric resonators composing a common connection) and an inductor 14b is connected between the common inductor 13a and the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12c (which is the other parallel piezoelectric resonator composing the common connection) .
- the piezoelectric resonator filter has shown such characteristics that there is an insertion loss of -1.56dB.
- the present invention is not limited to a 7-staged ladder filter.
- a cavity-type thin film piezoelectric resonator as that shown in FIG. 5A a mirror-structure-type thin film piezoelectric resonator as that shown in FIG. 5B, a surface acoustic wave resonator (SAW resonator) as that shown in FIG. 5C, or the ' li e may be used.
- SAW resonator surface acoustic wave resonator
- FIG. 5A a cavity-type FBAR structure as shown in FIG. 5A will be described. As shown in FIG.
- a cavity-type FBAR is composed of: an upper electrode layer 601 of Mo, Pt, Al, Cu, Au, W, or the like; a piezoelectric layer 602 of A1N, ZnO, PZT, PbTi0 3 , or the like; a lower electrode layer 603 of Pt, Mo, Al, Cu, Au, W, or the like; an insulative layer 604 of Si0 2 , SiN, or the like; a silicon substrate 605; and a cavity 606 formed in the silicon substrate 605.
- the area accounted for by a vibrating section which is composed of an upper electrode layer 601, the piezoelectric layer 602, the lower electrode layer 603, and the insulative layer 604 may differ from piezoelectric resonator to piezoelectric resonator.
- any layer other than the upper electrode layer 601 and the lower electrode layer 603 may be constructed as a single continuous layer across the piezoelectric resonators.
- the cavity may be of any shape
- the electrode shape may be a round shape, a polygonal shape, a constricted shape, or any other shape, whereby similar effects can be obtained.
- a mirror-structure-type FBAR structure shown in FIG. 5B will be described.
- a vibrating section which is composed of an upper electrode layer 601, a lower electrode layer 603, and a piezoelectric layer 602 interposed therebetween, is disposed on an acoustic multilayer film.
- An acoustic multilayer film is constructed on a substrate 605.
- the acoustic multilayer film is formed by alternately stacking low-acoustic impedance layers 607 each having a thickness of 1/4 wavelength and high-acoustic impedance layers 608 each having a thickness of 1/4 wavelength.
- the vibrating section By ensuring that the "first" layer in the acoustic multilayer filmas seen fromthe vibrating section is a low impedance layer 607, the load impedance with respect to the piezoelectric layer 602 becomes sufficiently small. As a result, it becomes possible to acoustically isolate the piezoelectric layer 602 from the substrate 605. Basedon sucha structure, the vibrating section, although being fixed to the substrate 605, is capable of operating in a free-vibrating state (as if not supported by anything) , thus exhibiting an operation similar to that of the FBAR shown in FIG. 5A.
- the vibrating section becomes more acoustically isolated from the substrate 605 as there are more layers of such low impedance layers 607 and high impedance layers 608 being stacked.
- the low impedance layer 607 materials such as silicon dioxide (Si0 2 ) or silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) are used.
- the high impedance layer 608 materials such as aluminum nitride (A1N) , zinc nitride (ZnO) , molybdenum (Mo) , hafniumoxide (Hf0 2 ) , titanium oxide (Ti0 2 ) , or zirconium oxide (Zr0 2 ) are used.
- any layer other than the upper electrode layer 601 and the lower electrode layer 603 may be constructed as a single continuous layer shared with the other piezoelectric resonators.
- a SAW resonator structure shown in FIG. 5C will be described.
- a SAW resonator is composed of: comb-like electrodes 611 and 612 defining input and output sections; reflective plates 613 and 614 disposed on both sides of the comb-like electrodes 611 and 612; and a substrate 615 lying beneath the electrodes 611 and 612 and the reflective plates 613 and 614.
- FIG. 6A is an equivalent circuit showing a structure in which capacitors 15a, 15b, and 15c are used, for the serial portion interconnecting the input terminal Pi and the output terminal P2. By omitting a cavity in a thin film piezoelectric resonator, one can obtain a capacitor. Note that, in the piezoelectric resonator filter shown in FIG. 1, instead of piezoelectric resonators, reactance elements such as inductors may be employed in the serial portion interconnecting the input terminal Pi and the output terminal P2, piezoelectric resonator.
- FIG. 1 is an equivalent circuit showing a structure in which capacitors 15a, 15b, and 15c are used, for the serial portion interconnecting the input terminal Pi and the output terminal P2.
- 6B is an equivalent circuit showing a structure in which inductors 16a, 16b, and 16c are used for the serial portion interconnecting the input terminal PI and the output terminal P2.
- An inductor can be constructed by using electrode wiring, wires, or the like.
- at least one T-type circuit must be included between the two nodes at which the two commonly-connected parallel piezoelectric resonators are connected to the series arm interconnecting the input and output sections of the piezoelectric resonator filter.
- a "T-type circuit" is, as shown by a portion 300 enclosed in a dotted line in FIG.
- a circuit which is composed of a serial piezoelectric resonator 11a, a serial piezoelectric resonator lib, and a parallel piezoelectric resonator 12b which is connected between the serial piezoelectric resonator 11a and the serial piezoelectric resonator lib.
- An inductor 13b may or may not be included in the T-type circuit 300.
- a "ladder filter” is a filter including repetitions of circuits, each circuit being composed of elements which are provided in serial connection between the input and output terminals and elements which are provided in parallel connection between the input and output terminals.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of a piezoelectric resonator filter according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- a piezoelectric resonator filter including three or more serial piezoelectric resonators and four or more parallel piezoelectric resonators, at least two non-adjoining parallel piezoelectric resonators among the three or more parallel piezoelectric resonators are referred as a "first filter group"; and among those parallel piezoelectric resonators which are not included in the first filter group, at least two non-adjoining parallel piezoelectric resonators are referred to as a "second filter group".
- the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a and 12c are included in the first filter group.
- the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12b and 12c are included in the second filter group.
- parallel piezoelectric resonators which do not adjoin each other are grounded via a common inductor.
- the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a and 12c are grounded via a common inductor 13a
- parallel piezoelectric resonators 12b and 12d are grounded via a common inductor 13b.
- every other parallel piezoelectric resonator is grounded via a common inductor.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an exemplary wiring pattern for the circuit shown in FIG. 7 in the case where the inductors 13a and 13b are implemented in the form of chip wiring.
- portions corresponding to the serial piezoelectric resonators 11a to lie, parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a to 12d, the input terminal Pi, and the output terminal P2 shown in FIG. 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those used therein.
- any region in which only a lower electrode layer wiring is provided is shown hatched with vertical lines; any region in which only an upper electrode layer wiring is provided is shown hatched with horizontal lines; and any region in which both upper and lower electrode layer wirings are provided is shown hatched with cross lines.
- the upper electrodes of the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a and 12c are implemented as a common electrode; and chip wiring 13a for this common electrode defines the inductor 13a.
- the chip wiring 13a is connected to a terminal Tl, which in itself is grounded.
- the lower electrodes of the parallel . piezoelectric resonators 12b and 12d are implemented as a common electrode; and chip wiring 13b for this common electrode defines the inductor 13b.
- the chip wiring 13b is connected to a terminal T2, which in itself is grounded.
- FIG. 9 in the case where the filter is enclosed in a package, an inductor 14a is formed between the serial piezoelectric resonator 11a and the input terminal PI, and an inductor 14b is formed between the serial piezoelectric resonator lie and the output terminal P2.
- the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a and 12c are commonly connected to a terminal T3.
- the terminal T3 is connected to a terminal Til, which in itself is grounded.
- the wire 13a functions as the inductor 13a.
- the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12b and 12d are commonly connected to a terminal T4. Via a wire 13b, the terminal T4 is connected to a terminal T12, which in itself is grounded. Therefore, the wire 13b functions as the inductor 13b.
- the input terminal Pi and the terminal T5 are interconnected via a wire 14a, and the output terminal P2 and the terminal T6 are interconnected via a wire 14b.
- the electrodes of parallel piezoelectric resonators which are grounded via a common inductor may be connected a terminal on the package by means of a common wire, whereby it becomes possible to provide a common inductor within the filter package, thus making for downsizing.
- FIGS. 10A to IOC are diagrams showing an exemplary wiring pattern in the case where the inductors 13a and 13b are implemented in the form of package wiring.
- FIG. 10A illustrates the internal structure of the package as seen from above.
- FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view taken at line CD.
- FIG. 10C is a cross-sectional view taken at line AB.
- the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a and 12c are commonly connected to an upper electrode Ul, and connected to a terminal T7 commonly via a piece of package wiring 13a (FIG. 10C) .
- the piece of package wiring 13a functions as the inductor 13a.
- the upper electrode Ul is shown to extend as low as the lower electrode of the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12c.
- the upper electrode Ul since the upper electrode Ul is formed continuously from the upper electrode of the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12c, the upper electrode Ul will be referred to as an "upper electrode” , regardless of its height.
- the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12b and 12d are commonly connected to a lower electrode U2, and connected to a terminal T8 commonly via a piece of package wiring 13b (FIG. 10C) .
- the piece of package wiring 13b functions as the inductor 13b.
- FIG. 11A is a diagram showing an exemplary wiring pattern in the case where the inductors 13a and 13b are implemented in the form of inductors.on an external circuit (hereinafter referred to as "external inductors") .
- FIG. 11A illustrates the internal structure of an external circuit.
- FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view illustrating a packaged filter chip being mounted to the external circuit, taken at line AB.
- the inductors 13a and 13b and terminals T9 and T10 are illustrated with dotted lines since they do not appear on the cross-section. It is assumed that, in the filter chip used herein, the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a and 12c are commonly connected to a terminal T9, as in the case of FIG. 9. It is also assumed that the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12b and 12d are commonly connected to a terminal T10. As shown in FIGS . 11A and 11B, an end of the inductor 13a, which is provided internal to the external circuit, is connected to a terminal T13 which is formed on a lower face of the external circuit.
- the other end of the inductor 13a is connected to the terminal T9, which is formed on a lower face of the filter chip.
- An end of the inductor 13b which is provided internal to the external circuit, is connected to a terminal T14 which is formed on the lower face of the external circuit.
- the other end of the inductor 13b is connected to the terminal T10, which is formed on the lower face of the filter chip.
- an inductor 14a for connecting the input terminal Pi to the filter chip and an inductor 14b for connecting the output terminal P2 to the filter chip are formed.
- parallel piezoelectric resonators which are grounded via a common inductor may be grounded via a common external inductor.
- the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12a and the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12c are grounded via the common inductor 13a.
- the grounded side of the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12a is its upper electrode layer
- the grounded side of the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12c is also its upper electrode layer.
- the electrodes for being connected to the common inductor are in the same layer, so that these electrodes can be easily grounded via the common inductor.
- the grounded side of the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12b is its lower electrode layer
- the grounded side of the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12d is also its lower electrode layer.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary filter in the case where, in the circuit shown in FIG.
- the piezoelectric resonators 11 and 12 are composed of SAW resonators such as that showninFIG. 5C.
- each of the piezoelectric resonators 11 and 12 is connected by means of electrode wiring.
- the inductor 13a shown in FIG. 7 can be composed of a wire extending from T15 shown in FIG. 12.
- the inductor 13b shown in FIG. 7 can be composed of a wire extending from T16 shown in FIG. 12.
- the second embodiment illustrates an example of employing a 7-staged ladder filter
- the present embodiment is applicable to any ladder filter comprising at least three parallel piezoelectric resonators.
- the present invention is not limited to a 7-staged ladder filter.
- at least one T-type circuit must be included between the two nodes at which the two commonly-connected parallel piezoelectric resonators are connected to the series arm interconnecting the input and output sections of the piezoelectric resonator filter.
- a "T-type circuit" is, as shown by a portion 300 enclosed in a dotted line in FIG.
- FIG. 3 a circuit which is composed of a serial piezoelectric resonator 11a, a serial piezoelectric resonator lib, and a parallel piezoelectric resonator 12b which is connected between the serial piezoelectric resonator 11a and the serial piezoelectric resonator lib.
- An inductor 13b may or may not be included in the T-type circuit 300.
- all inductors to be used have a self-inductance of InH or less. This is so that the inductors can be provided by simply connecting the parallel piezoelectric resonators to ground by means of wires, chip wiring, external inductors, package wiring, or the like. Thus, the filter can be downsized. (third embodiment) FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of a piezoelectric resonator filter according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- the connections between serial piezoelectric resonators 11 and parallel piezoelectric resonators 12 are the same as those in the first embodiment. Thus, like numerals are used for like elements, the descriptions thereof being omitted.
- endmost parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a and 12d are grounded via a common inductor 13a.
- a parallel piezoelectric resonator 12b is grounded via an inductor 13b.
- a parallel piezoelectric resonator 12c is grounded via an inductor 13c.
- the piezoelectric resonator filter of the third embodiment has shown such characteristics that there is an insertion loss of about -1.44dB in the pass band and an attenuation amount of about -45dB in the stop band.
- an improvement in insertion loss of about -0.38dB is obtained relative to the conventional case (FIG. 26) .
- the insertion loss can be reduced even more effectively than in the cases of the first and second embodiments. It is not essential to provide an inductor for the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12b and 12c, which are located more to the center than are the endmost parallel piezoelectric resonators
- the output sections of the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12b and 12c, which are located more to the center than are the endmost parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a and 12d may be commonly connected and grounded via the common inductor 13b. As shown in FIG. 14, the output sections of the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12b and 12c, which are located more to the center than are the endmost parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a and 12d may be commonly connected and grounded via the common inductor 13b. As shown in FIG.
- the output section of the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12b (which is located more to the center than are the endmost parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a and 12d) may be connected to the inductor 13c
- the output section of the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12c (which is also located more to the center than are the endmost parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a and 12d) may be connected to the inductor 13d
- the inductors 13c and 13d may be commonly connected and grounded via the common inductor 13b.
- the third embodiment is not limited to a 7-staged ladder filter as long as the endmost parallel piezoelectric resonators are grounded via a common inductor.
- at least one T-type circuit must be included between the two nodes at which the two commonly-connected parallel piezoelectric resonators are connected to the series arm interconnecting the input and output sections of the piezoelectric resonator filter.
- a "T-type circuit” is, as shown by a portion 300 enclosed in a dotted line in FIG. 3, a circuit which is composed of a serial piezoelectric resonator 11a, a serial piezoelectric resonator lib, and a parallel piezoelectric resonator 12b which is connected between the serial piezoelectric resonator 11a and the serial piezoelectric resonator lib.
- An inductor 13b may or may not be included in the T-type circuit 300.
- all inductors to be used have a self-inductance of InH or less.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of a piezoelectric resonator filter according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the connections between serial piezoelectric resonators 11 and parallel piezoelectric resonators 12 are the same as those in the first embodiment. Thus, like numerals are used for like elements, the descriptions thereof being omitted.
- a parallel piezoelectric resonator 12b is grounded without any intervening inductor.
- Parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a and 12d are connected to an inductor 13a.
- the inductor 13a and a parallel piezoelectric resonator 12c are connected to an inductor 13b, which in itself is grounded.
- the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a and 12d are grounded via the inductors 13a and 13b.
- the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12c is groundedvia the inductor 13b .
- the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a, 12c, and 12d are grounded via the common inductor 13b.
- the piezoelectric resonator filter of the fourth embodiment (FIG.
- the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a and 12d are grounded via the inductors 13a and 13d.
- the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12c is grounded via the inductors 13c and 13d.
- the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a, 12c, and 12d are grounded via the common inductor 13d.
- FIG. 17 under conditions similar to those used in the first embodiment, such characteristics have been obtained that there is an insertion loss of about -1.41dB in the pass band and an attenuation amount of about -45dB in the stop band.
- an improvement in insertion loss of about -0.41dB is obtained relative to the conventional case (FIG. 26) .
- parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a and 12d are connected to a common inductor 13a.
- a parallel piezoelectric resonator 12b is connected to an inductor 13b.
- a parallel piezoelectric resonator 12c is connected to an inductor 13c.
- the inductors 13a and 13c are connected to a common inductor 13d.
- the inductor 13d and the inductor 13b are grounded via a common inductor 13e.
- the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a and 12d are grounded via the inductors 13a, 13d, and 13e.
- the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12b is grounded via the inductors 13b and 13e.
- the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12c is grounded via the inductors 13c, 13d, andl3e.
- each parallel piezoelectric resonator 12 is grounded via the common inductor 13e.
- FIG. 18 under conditions similar to those used in the first embodiment, such characteristics have been obtained that there is an insertion loss of about -1.41dB in the pass band and an attenuation amount of about -45dB in the stop band.
- an improvement in insertion loss of about -0.41dB is obtained relative to the conventional case (FIG. 26) .
- parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a and 12d are connected to a common inductor 13a.
- Parallel piezoelectric resonators 12b and 12c are connected to a common inductor 13b.
- the inductors 13a and 13b are grounded via a common inductor 13c.
- the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a and 12d are grounded via the inductors 13a and 13c.
- the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12b and 12c are grounded via the inductors 13b and 13c.
- each parallel piezoelectric resonator 12 is grounded via the common inductor 13c.
- a piezoelectric resonator filter including three or more serial piezoelectric resonators and four or more parallel piezoelectric resonators, at least two non-adjoining parallel piezoelectric resonators among the three or more parallel piezoelectric resonators are referred to as a "filter group".
- the parallel piezoelectric resonators included in the filter group e.g., the parallel piezoelectric resonators 12a and 12c in FIG. 16
- a first inductor e. g. , the inductor 13a in FIG. 16
- the common inductor and at least one parallel piezoelectric resonator not included in the filter group are grounded via a second inductor (e.g., the inductor 13b in FIG. 16) .
- the first to fourth embodiments illustrate examples where piezoelectric resonators are used in a serial portion interconnecting an input terminal and an output terminal, the serial portion does not need to be composed of piezoelectric resonators.
- the serial portion may be composed only of capacitors, composed only of inductors, composed of resonators each constructed from a capacitor and an inductor, or composed of any combination of such elements and piezoelectric resonators .
- the serial portion may be composed of reactance elements having a reactance component, e.g., piezoelectric resonators, capacitors, or inductors.
- a reactance component e.g., piezoelectric resonators, capacitors, or inductors.
- the first to fourth embodiments each illustrate a n type ladder filter, similar effects can also be obtained in a T-type ladder filter by ensuring that parallel piezoelectric resonators are grounded via a common inductor (s) . It will be appreciated that the fourth embodiment is not limited to a 7-staged ladder filter as long as a similar structure is employed.
- At least one T-type circuit must be included between the two nodes at which the two commonly-connected parallel piezoelectric resonators are connected to the series arm interconnecting the input and output sections of the piezoelectric resonator filter.
- a "T-type circuit" is, as shown by a portion 300 enclosed in a dotted line in FIG. 3, a circuit which is composed of a serial piezoelectric resonator 11a, a serial piezoelectric resonator lib, andaparallel piezoelectric resonator 12b which is connected between the serial piezoelectric resonator 11a andthe serial piezoelectric resonator lib.
- An inductor 13b may or may not be included in the T-type circuit 300.
- all inductors to be used have a self-inductance of InH or less. This is so that the inductors can be provided by simply connecting the parallel piezoelectric resonators to ground by means of wires, chip wiring, external inductors, package wiring, or the like. Thus, the filter can be downsized.
- the filter can be downsized.
- the grounded side of the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12a is its upper electrode layer
- the grounded side of the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12c is also its upper electrode layer.
- the electrodes for being connected to the common inductor are in the same layer, so that these electrodes can be easily grounded via the common inductor.
- the grounded side of the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12b is its lower electrode layer
- the grounded side of the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12d is also its lower electrode layer.
- the electrodes for being connected to the common inductor are in the same layer, so that these electrodes can be easily grounded via the common inductor.
- the grounded side of every other parallel piezoelectric resonator lies in the same layer. Therefore, the structure of the fifth embodiment, whose every other resonator is grounded via a common inductor, not only provides the effect of reducing insertion loss but also provides an advantage in that it is easy to make.
- the above embodiment illustrates an example where a fundamental ladder structure is adopted in order to ensure that every other grounded end lies inthe same layer via a common inductor, it would also be applicable to employ any arbitrarily designed circuit structure in. which grounded ends lie in the same layer.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an exemplary equivalent circuit of a piezoelectric resonator filter based on the piezoelectric resonator filter shown in FIG. 13, in which a serial piezoelectric resonator lid is inserted so that the ends which are grounded via a common inductor will lie in the same layer.
- the piezoelectric resonator filter structure shown in FIG. 13 is difficult to make because the ends which are grounded via a common inductor do not lie in the same layer. As shown in FIG.
- an upper electrode layer of a parallel piezoelectric resonator 12a is connected to the upper electrode layer of the serial piezoelectric resonator 11a, and a lower electrode layer of the parallel piezoelectric resonator 12a is grounded via an inductor 13.
- the serial piezoelectric resonator lib is connected to the end of the serial piezoelectric resonator 11a which lies toward the output terminal P2
- the end of the serial piezoelectric resonator lib which lies toward the input terminal Pi constitutes a lower electrode layer.
- a similar connection relationship also exists between serial piezoelectric resonators lid and lie, so that a lower electrode layer of a parallel piezoelectric resonator 12d is grounded via an inductor 13a.
- T-type circuit is, as shown by a portion 300 enclosed in a dotted line in FIG.
- a circuit which is composed of a serial piezoelectric resonator 11a, a serial piezoelectric resonator lib, andaparallel piezoelectric resonator 12b which is connected between the serial piezoelectric resonator 11a and the serial piezoelectric resonator lib.
- An inductor 13b may or may not be included in the T-type circuit 300.
- the grounded ends of the two commonly-connected parallel piezoelectric resonators lie in the same layer as long as an even number of serial piezoelectric resonators are provided between the two nodes which exist between the two commonly-connected parallel piezoelectric resonators and the series arm interconnecting the input and output sections of the piezoelectric resonator filter.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary structure of an antenna duplexer 400 according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary structure of an antenna duplexer 400 according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- the antenna duplexer 400 is composed of: a Tx filter (transmission filter) 401 to which the piezoelectric resonator filter according to the present invention is applied; an Rx filter (reception filter) 402 to which the piezoelectric resonator filter according to the present invention is applied; and a phase shift circuit 403, which is composed of two transmission lines.
- the Tx filter 401 allows any signal in the transmission band to pass therethrough, while attenuating any signal in the reception band.
- the Rx filter 402 allows any signal in the reception band to pass therethrough, while attenuating any signal in the transmission band.
- FIG. 21 illustrates a case where piezoelectric resonator filter (FIG. 1) according to the first embodiment is employed for each filter structure, the number of filters and the number of piezoelectricresonators composingeach filter, etc., canbefreely designed, rather than being limited to those exemplified in FIG. 21. It is needless to say that, by employing any of the piezoelectric resonator filters described in the first to fifth embodiments of the present invention for the structure of the antenna duplexer 400 , an antenna duplexer which is lower in loss than conventionally can be provided.
- the filter to which the piezoelectric resonator filters of the present invention are applied may be only one of the Tx filter 401 or the Rx filter 402. (seventh embodiment) FIG.
- the communication device 411 comprises: the antenna duplexer 404 shown in FIG. 21; a transmission amplifier 405; a filter 406; a transmission circuit 407; a reception amplifier 408; a reception circuit 4O9; and an antenna 410.
- a transmission signal which is output from the transmission circuit 407 is input to the antenna duplexer 404 via the filter 406 and the transmission amplifier 405.
- the transmission signal having been input to the antenna duplexer 404 is transmitted via the antenna 410.
- a signal which is received by the antenna 410 is led through the antenna duplexer 404 and the reception amplifier 408, so as to be input to the reception circuit 409.
- a compact and high-performance communication device can be realized by employing the antenna duplexer 404 having excellent characteristics (low loss, etc.) .
- Ap pieoelectric resonator filter according to the present invention may also be applied to the filter 406. Any communication device can be freely designed, without being limited to that which is exemplified in FIG. 22.
- the specific portions at which to employ apiezoelectric resonator filter according to the present invention are not limited to duplexers or filters.
- a piezoelectric resonator filter according to the present invention may be employed as a filter in the receiving end. While the invention has been described in detail, the foregoing description is in all aspects illustrative and not restrictive.
- a piezoelectric resonator filter according to the present invention is small in size, incurs little insertion loss, and yet secures sufficient characteristics in the stop band, and therefore is suitably used in mobile phones, wireless communications, wireless Internet connection, and the like.
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WO2012085235A1 (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-06-28 | Epcos Ag | Filter arrangement and method for producing a filter arrangement |
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WO2012085235A1 (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-06-28 | Epcos Ag | Filter arrangement and method for producing a filter arrangement |
CN103262412A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2013-08-21 | 埃普科斯股份有限公司 | Filter arrangement and method for producing filter arrangement |
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