WO2005048002A1 - Technique de diminution de la consommation d'energie dans un compteur electronique - Google Patents

Technique de diminution de la consommation d'energie dans un compteur electronique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005048002A1
WO2005048002A1 PCT/US2003/035031 US0335031W WO2005048002A1 WO 2005048002 A1 WO2005048002 A1 WO 2005048002A1 US 0335031 W US0335031 W US 0335031W WO 2005048002 A1 WO2005048002 A1 WO 2005048002A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
counter
meter
electronic
data
segments
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2003/035031
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David Hamilton
Tim Bianchi
Original Assignee
Neptune Technology Group, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Neptune Technology Group, Inc. filed Critical Neptune Technology Group, Inc.
Priority to CA002506154A priority Critical patent/CA2506154C/fr
Priority to PCT/US2003/035031 priority patent/WO2005048002A1/fr
Priority to CN200380108127.5A priority patent/CN100517160C/zh
Priority to AU2003295379A priority patent/AU2003295379A1/en
Priority to MXPA05004823A priority patent/MXPA05004823A/es
Publication of WO2005048002A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005048002A1/fr
Priority to HK06107193.4A priority patent/HK1085019A1/xx

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K21/00—Details of pulse counters or frequency dividers
    • H03K21/38—Starting, stopping or resetting the counter
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/06—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects using rotating vanes with tangential admission
    • G01F1/075—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects using rotating vanes with tangential admission with magnetic or electromagnetic coupling to the indicating device
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
    • G01F15/06—Indicating or recording devices
    • G01F15/061—Indicating or recording devices for remote indication
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
    • G01F15/06—Indicating or recording devices
    • G01F15/065—Indicating or recording devices with transmission devices, e.g. mechanical
    • G01F15/066—Indicating or recording devices with transmission devices, e.g. mechanical involving magnetic transmission devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates generally to electronic counters. More specifically, the nventitin relates to a power Teduction ⁇ ethodTor an electronic counter.
  • Electronic counters have a wide variety of uses.
  • One example is use in measuring meters that kept track of volumetric flow. These meters are commonly used by utilities to keep track of the consumption of an end user.
  • utility companies that supply water to their customers typically charge for their product based on usage. Usage of water is typically measured by a meter that is installed for each individual customer on their respective water supply line. A utility company employee periodically (usually once a month) manually collects the reading from the meter. These readings are usually cumulative, so the amount of usage for the present period is calculated by subtracting the reading from the previous period. Once the usage is calculated, the customer is billed for that amount of water used during that period.
  • the invention relates to a method for operating an electronic counter, comprising: updating the electronic counter where the electronic counter is divided into a plurality of segments that are configured according to numerical value; propagating data between the segments if the supply energy of the electronic counter meets or exceeds a pre-determined value; and storing the propagated data in a propagation carry counter if the supply energy of the electronic counter does not meet the pre-determined value.
  • the invention relates to a method for operating an electronic counter, comprising: step for counting usage data from the water meter in a plurality of hierarchal memory segments; step for propagating usage data between the memory segments in sufficient power exists in the electronic counter; and step for temporarily storing propagated usage data if insufficient power exists in the electronic counter.
  • Figure 1 shows a diagram of an electronic water meter monitoring system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a cut-away diagram of a self-powered water meter in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 shows a view of the display of an electronic data recorder in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 shows a block diagram of the ASIC circuitry of the electronic data recorder in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5a shows a block diagram of the separate sections of counter storage in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figures 5b - 5d show block diagrams of three separate sections of an up counter storage in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 shows a flow chart for propagation of bits from one section of the counter to another in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 shows a flow chart for propagation filtration from one section of the counter to another in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 shows flow chart for the operation of a propagation carry counter in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figures 9a - 9c shows charts for the values and ranges of system parameters in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a power reduction method is an electronic counter has been developed. While the use of an electronic counter will be described here for use with measuring meter as an example, it is important to note that the invention can be used with an electronic counter in any application. This is especially true in situations where the counter is used in devices that put a premium on power efficiency such as notebook computers or other battery powered electronic devices.
  • the measuring meter used as an example in this description, measures and records volumetric usage of a material as it passes through the meter.
  • the meter could be used in utility applications to measure water, gas or electricity usage. Additionally, such meters are commonly used in industrial applications to measure the flowrates of various components.
  • a self-powered water meter in a utility application will be used to describe various embodiments of the present invention. However, it should be understood that the invention as described, can be applied to many different types of measuring meters in a wide variety of applications.
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagram of an electronic water meter monitoring system 10 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the system 10 includes an electronic water meter 12a or 12b for an individual customer.
  • the meter is typically located at a point on the customer's individual supply line between the customer and utility's main supply line.
  • a meter interface unit (MTU) 14a or 14b is connected to the respective meter 12a or 12b.
  • the MTU 14a or 14b is an electronic device that collects meter usage data from an electronic register on its respective meter and transmits the data to a local transmitter/receiver 16a or 16b via radio signals.
  • other external devices could be used such as a laptop computer, a data logger, or other suitable device known in the art.
  • the first embodiment includes a meter 12a and MIU 14a that are located underground or a "pit" unit.
  • the other embodiment includes a meter 12b and MIU 14b that are located above ground.
  • Two alternative types of transmitter/receivers 16a and 16b are also shown.
  • the first transmitter/receiver 16a is mounted in a vehicle while the other transmitter/receiver is a handheld unit 16b.
  • An additional type of transmitter/receiver may be permanently mounted at a location central to multiple meters and MIUs. Each of these transmitter/receivers allows utility personnel to receive usage data without manually reading each individual meter.
  • each transmitter/receiver 16a and 16b is within range of a MIU 14a or 14b
  • the data from the meter is transmitted to the transmitter/receiver that in turn transmits it to the computer system of the utility 18.
  • the computer system 18 calculates the usage of each customer based on the data. Appropriate billing for ea i customer is then generated by the utility.
  • the electronic water meters of the system are self-powered by an internal "Wiegand Wire".
  • the Wiegand Wire is a device that generates electrical signals when it is exposed to a magnetic field with changing flux polarity.
  • the wire may also be used to induce voltage across a coil located near the wire.
  • the polarity of the magnetic field is changed by relying on the kinetic energy of the fluid moving through the meter.
  • the fluid turns an internal water wheel that in turn rotates an attached shaft as it moves through the meter. Multiple magnets are arranged on a circular disc that is attached to the rotating shaft.
  • the movement of the magnets induces alternating fields of magnetic flux within the Wiegand Wire that is located in close proximity to the disc.
  • the signals generated by the wire due to the changes in the magnetic flux are used to power the electronic circuits that monitor the meter.
  • the rate, volume, and direction of fluid flow through the meter may also be determined by analyzing the number and rate of signals generated by the wire.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cut-away diagram of a self-powered electronic water meter 20 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electronic water meter 20 is connected to a water supply line at the meter's inflow connector 22. Water flows from the supply line through the connector 22 into the meter body 26 and out through the outflow connector 24 to the customer. As the water flows through the meter body 26, it forces an internal flow wheel 28 to rotate. The rotating flow wheel 28 in turn rotates a circular magnetic disc 30 that is connected to the flow wheel 28 by a shaft (not shown).
  • the disc 30 in this embodiment is shown with four separate magnetic zones (labeled "N" and "S" for the polar orientation of each zone) that make up a four- pole magnet. In other embodiments, different configurations of magnets could be used.
  • the magnetic disc 30 changes the magnetic flux polarity for the Wiegand Wire sensor 32 that is located adjacent to the disc 30. As described previously, the changes in polarity induce signals that are generated by the sensor 32. These signals represent data concerning the water flow through the meter 20 and also provide power to the electronic circuits of the meter. Specifically, the stream of signals corresponds to the rate and direction of the water flow through the meter. The flow rate of the water through the meter 20 is calibrated to the rate of rotation of the flow wheel 28, the magnetic disc 30, and the signal stream generated by the sensor 32. In Figure 2, only one Wiegand Wire sensor 32 is shown in use with the meter 20. It should be understood that multiple sensors could be used in a meter for alternative embodiments of the present invention.
  • the data is processed and stored in an electronic data recorder 34 that is attached to the meter 20.
  • the recorder 34 contains an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) chip that processes the data.
  • nonvolatile memory is located within the ASIC. This memory serves to store the data.
  • Figure 3 shows a view of the display of the top of the electronic data recorder 34.
  • the recorder 34 has a cover 36 (shown in the open position) that protects the display 38 from dirt, debris, etc.
  • the display 38 itself is an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) that shows data. In the present embodiment, nine digits may be shown by the LCD. In alternative embodiments, other types and numbers of display schemes could be used.
  • the display is power by bank of solar cells 40 that are exposed to sunlight when the cover 36 is opened. The display is convenient to use in case a manual reading of the meter is necessary due to failure of an MIU or other system component.
  • FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of the ASIC circuitry of the electronic data recorder.
  • two Wiegand Wire sensors 32 are used to supply two separate data streams to the ASIC 41. Each sensor 32 produces a separate positive ("+") and a negative (“-") data stream.
  • Other connections to the ASIC include a power supply (EXT POWER) that is external to the ASIC and a ground (GND) connection.
  • EXT POWER power supply
  • GND ground
  • connections for the ASIC include: an enable signal (ENABLE); a data signal (DATA); a clock signal (CLOCK); a read/write signal (R/W); an output signal (PULSE OUTPUT); and a direction signal (PULSE DIRECTION).
  • ENABLE an enable signal
  • DATA data signal
  • CLOCK clock signal
  • R/W read/write signal
  • PULSE OUTPUT an output signal
  • PULSE DIRECTION a direction signal
  • the ASIC chip shown in Figure 4 has a memory storage capacity that is internal to the chip.
  • the memory could be external to the ASIC chip and provide the chip with the needed data by an external connection.
  • the memory is non-volatile which is memory that will not lose its stored data when power is removed. Examples of non-volatile memory include: core memory; ROM; EPROM; flash memory; bubble memory; battery-backed CMOS-RAM; etc.
  • the nonvolatile memory is a ferro-electric random access memory ("FeRAM"). This type of memory is typically used in mobile applications. It is also may be used in applications that are very demanding in terms of minimizing power usage while maximizing performance.
  • non-volatile logic or other non-volatile structures could be used.
  • circuitry could be enabled (i.e., activated to use power) for the period of time that it is to be used and then disabled it is not . eeded. Xh . reduces overall power consumption by only enabling the portions of the circuitry that are needed for the current operations.
  • One portion of the memory storage is dedicated to a counter. The counter records incremental increases or decreases in the total number of signals generated by the meter. Typically, each signal or "count" that is generated by the meter will result in an increase of one bit value of an up counter. Likewise, a negative signal may result in the increase of one bit value of the down counter.
  • the counter has multiple stages to allow the totalization of a large number of bits.
  • the stages are configured in a hierarchical order so that the upper stages contain the bits of greater value while the lower sections hold the bits of lowest value.
  • Figure 5a shows block diagrams of: three separate sections of memory storage for the up counter 50, 52, and 54; three separate sections of memory storage for the down counter 51, 53, and 55; and a status register 48.
  • Figures 5b - 5d show alternative block diagrams of three separate sections 50, 52, and 54 of the up counter storage.
  • the first section 50 of the counter holds the lowest value of bits. It propagates a bit value to a second section 52 that has a greater value.
  • the second section 52 in turn propagates bit values to a third section 54 that has a still greater value. Propagation to a higher stage typically occurs once a lower stage reaches its maximum value. At that point, a bit is propagated to the next higher stage and the lower stage's value is reset to zero to begin its count all over again. Consequently, only the lowest stage of the counter is absolutely needed during the incrementation of each count. Accordingly, only a portion counter is needed to be enabled and consume power during most counting operations.
  • Figure 6 shows a flow chart 60 for propagation of bits from one section of the counter to another. In this example, the counter is divided into an up counter 62 and a down counter 64. The down counter functions in a similar manner as described for the up counter as shown in Figures 5b-5d. Each counter 62 and 64 has three separate sections as shown in Figures 5b-5d.
  • the bit when the counter needs to propagate a bit between its different stages, the bit could be stored within the lower stage until such time as a signal with sufficient energy to successfully propagate it occurs. This prevents signals with low energy levels from propagating bits and possibly losing data.
  • This technique of storage area for the bits awaiting propagation is called "propagation filtering".
  • the data in the FeRAM cells shown in Figures 5a - 5c may be stored and transmitted as a 16-bit word.
  • the 16-bit word is broken down into three sections that contains the data bits for the up register in the first section, the data bits for the down register in the second section, and the data bits for the status register in the third section.
  • Vddl supply voltage of the system
  • Vthl predetermined threshold voltage values
  • Vth2 threshold voltage values
  • Vddl will typically vary between a maximum operating voltage value (“VopH”) and a minimum operating voltage value (“VopL”).
  • Figures 9a - 9c show charts that give the values of the various parameters used by the system, including: the external capacitor load on Vddl; the total charge; the ranges for VopH and VopL; the values of Vthl and Vth2; and the range between VopH and the threshold voltages.
  • the values are expressed with a minimum value, a maximum value, and a typical value.
  • - -Eigure 7_ shows a flow chart fox-the stepsLoJLdata bil propagation_for an up register.
  • Vddl is compared with one of the threshold voltage values.
  • more power is required to access each section. For example, the signal must have 1/3 of the maximum energy to access the first section 72. Further, the signal must have 2/3 of the maximum energy to access the second section 74 and full power to access the third section 76. It should be understood that similar configurations and parameters exist in the down register of the counter.
  • Vddl is the threshold value to detect a weak signal 70.
  • Read WLO Read modified Write register
  • Vth2 is the threshold value for propagation of a data bit. As such, it accesses the two Read Write registers ("Read Wl" and "Read W2") and is set for 1/2 of the total energy.
  • the upper operating range (VopH - Vth2) must have at least enough energy to: (1) Read WLO; (2) Re-write WLO; and (3) Read the register of the second section.
  • the lower operating range (Vth2 - VopL) must have at least enough to: (1) Re- write the second section; (2) Read the register of the third section; and (3) Re-write the third section.
  • Each register has three sections in this example, when one of the sections is at its maximum value, a carry bit must be propagated to the adjacent section.
  • a bit would have to be propagated from each section that would consequently require three simultaneous section accesses,.
  • Another 2-bit propagation carry counters is used between the second and third section.
  • Figure 8 shows a flow chart for the operations of a propagation carry counter. The carry counter is incremented once when the lower section attempts to propagate a bit and Vddl is below the threshold voltage.
  • the value of the carry counter When another propagation from the lower section occurs and Vddl is above the threshold voltage, the value of the carry counter is propagated to the higher section and the carry counter is reset to zero. However, since the carry counter is only a two-bit binary counter, it has a maximum content value of three. If the value of the carry counter is two and it receives another propagation, this indicates that the carry counter has received too many weak signal propagations in a row. In this case, the value of three is an error flag to alert the system of the problem. Any further propagations will be passed to the higher section only if Vddl meets the threshold voltage and the error status is reset.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Details Of Flowmeters (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne la mise au point d'un procédé d'utilisation d'un compteur électronique à consommation réduite d'énergie. Le compteur électronique est subdivisé en une multiplicité de segments classés en fonction de leur valeur numérique. Au fur et à mesure que le compteur est actualisé, il faut faire se propager les données entre les segments. Si l'énergie d'alimentation du compteur satisfait ou dépasse une limite spécifiée, les données passent dans le segment supérieur le plus proche. En revanche, si l'énergie d'alimentation du compteur tombe au-dessous d'une limite spécifiée, les données à propager sont stockées dans un compteur de propagation.
PCT/US2003/035031 2002-11-04 2003-11-04 Technique de diminution de la consommation d'energie dans un compteur electronique WO2005048002A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002506154A CA2506154C (fr) 2002-11-04 2003-11-04 Methode de reduction de la puissance dans un compteur electronique
PCT/US2003/035031 WO2005048002A1 (fr) 2003-11-04 2003-11-04 Technique de diminution de la consommation d'energie dans un compteur electronique
CN200380108127.5A CN100517160C (zh) 2003-11-04 2003-11-04 电子计数器中的功率减小方法
AU2003295379A AU2003295379A1 (en) 2003-11-04 2003-11-04 Power reduction method in an electronic counter
MXPA05004823A MXPA05004823A (es) 2003-11-04 2003-11-04 Metodo para reducir el consumo de electricidad en un contador electronico.
HK06107193.4A HK1085019A1 (en) 2003-11-04 2006-06-24 Power reduction method in an electronic counter

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2003/035031 WO2005048002A1 (fr) 2003-11-04 2003-11-04 Technique de diminution de la consommation d'energie dans un compteur electronique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005048002A1 true WO2005048002A1 (fr) 2005-05-26

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2003/035031 WO2005048002A1 (fr) 2002-11-04 2003-11-04 Technique de diminution de la consommation d'energie dans un compteur electronique

Country Status (5)

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CN (1) CN100517160C (fr)
AU (1) AU2003295379A1 (fr)
HK (1) HK1085019A1 (fr)
MX (1) MXPA05004823A (fr)
WO (1) WO2005048002A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7424377B2 (en) * 2002-11-04 2008-09-09 Neptune Technology Group, Inc. Power reduction method in an electronic counter
EP2044584A4 (fr) * 2006-05-04 2017-11-22 Capstone Mobile Technologies, LLC Systeme et procede pour surveiller et commander a distance un compteur d'eau

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3824378A (en) * 1972-09-13 1974-07-16 Presin Co Inc Electronic counter
US4174626A (en) * 1976-02-10 1979-11-20 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. Fuel gauge
US4224506A (en) * 1978-03-24 1980-09-23 Pitney Bowes Inc. Electronic counter with non-volatile memory
US4385228A (en) * 1979-05-28 1983-05-24 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Display device for tape recorder with automatic shut off and reset inhibiting
US4417135A (en) * 1979-05-28 1983-11-22 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Power saving electronic counter circuit for tape recorder
GB2274935A (en) * 1993-02-03 1994-08-10 Aftermoor Limited Electronic counter

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3824378A (en) * 1972-09-13 1974-07-16 Presin Co Inc Electronic counter
US4174626A (en) * 1976-02-10 1979-11-20 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. Fuel gauge
US4224506A (en) * 1978-03-24 1980-09-23 Pitney Bowes Inc. Electronic counter with non-volatile memory
US4385228A (en) * 1979-05-28 1983-05-24 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Display device for tape recorder with automatic shut off and reset inhibiting
US4417135A (en) * 1979-05-28 1983-11-22 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Power saving electronic counter circuit for tape recorder
GB2274935A (en) * 1993-02-03 1994-08-10 Aftermoor Limited Electronic counter

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7424377B2 (en) * 2002-11-04 2008-09-09 Neptune Technology Group, Inc. Power reduction method in an electronic counter
EP2044584A4 (fr) * 2006-05-04 2017-11-22 Capstone Mobile Technologies, LLC Systeme et procede pour surveiller et commander a distance un compteur d'eau

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MXPA05004823A (es) 2005-10-11
CN1732421A (zh) 2006-02-08
AU2003295379A8 (en) 2005-06-06
CN100517160C (zh) 2009-07-22
HK1085019A1 (en) 2006-08-11
AU2003295379A1 (en) 2004-06-06

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