WO2005046540A1 - Coussin thermique et dispositif comprenant un tel coussin - Google Patents
Coussin thermique et dispositif comprenant un tel coussin Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005046540A1 WO2005046540A1 PCT/EP2004/011332 EP2004011332W WO2005046540A1 WO 2005046540 A1 WO2005046540 A1 WO 2005046540A1 EP 2004011332 W EP2004011332 W EP 2004011332W WO 2005046540 A1 WO2005046540 A1 WO 2005046540A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- thermal
- cushion
- blocks
- interstices
- thermal material
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
- A61F7/02—Compresses or poultices for effecting heating or cooling
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
- A61F2007/0001—Body part
- A61F2007/0002—Head or parts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
- A61F2007/0001—Body part
- A61F2007/0029—Arm or parts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
- A61F2007/0001—Body part
- A61F2007/0039—Leg or parts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
- A61F2007/0059—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body with an open fluid circuit
- A61F2007/006—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body with an open fluid circuit of gas
- A61F2007/0062—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body with an open fluid circuit of gas the gas being steam or water vapour
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
- A61F7/02—Compresses or poultices for effecting heating or cooling
- A61F2007/0268—Compresses or poultices for effecting heating or cooling having a plurality of compartments being filled with a heat carrier
Definitions
- Thermal cushion and device comprising such a cushion.
- the invention relates to heat pads and their use.
- an inert and flexible substrate eg, fibers or fabric
- An inert and flexible substrate eg, fibers or fabric
- An inert and flexible substrate eg, fibers or fabric
- several gel layers of very small thickness are superimposed (a few millimeters only) and a flexible and inert film is interposed between the gel layers.
- This known cushion has the disadvantage of being difficult and expensive construction, its performance is low and its applications are limited.
- the cryogenic substance of the cushion consists of pieces of gel of particular constitution, having an elasticity comparable to that of rubber and not sticking to each other at the temperature of cold production. The movement of the gel pieces relative to each other in the cushion gives it the desired flexibility.
- WO 97/11657 discloses cellular panels formed of a grid of cells filled with a thermal agent. Between the cells, the panel has rectilinear areas with a low rupture limit, which allow it to be divided at will (by shear or traction) into heat cushions of predetermined dimensions depending on the applications for which these cushions are intended. In these honeycomb panels, the interstices are the cause of several disadvantages.
- thermal cushions comprising a network of compartments containing a thermal material and interconnected by flexible membranes are described.
- the network of compartments is enclosed in a flexible envelope forming, with the wall of the compartments, an enclosure which is filled with a thermal fluid.
- These known heat cushions have poor flexibility and are poorly suited to deformation, mainly when the thermal fluid of the envelope is a liquid or a solid material in the form of particles. They are therefore poorly suited to uniform application on a human or animal limb.
- the object of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of known heat pads and to meet the needs of potential users (especially in hospitals) by providing a thermal cushion.
- of new design which combines excellent flexibility / elasticity, is able to adapt perfectly even on moving forms, with a high calorific value and durable at substantially constant temperature, whose action is homogeneous (especially when it is used on a part of the human body), the thickness of which can be maintained substantially constant during use, the dimensions and shape of which are substantially unlimited, which can undergo significant pressure variations without being deformed, and which, thanks to the properties listed above, can adapt to multiple uses, including hospital, without requiring significant manipulation.
- the invention relates to a thermal cushion comprising a network of blocks connected by joints and separated by interstices, said blocks comprising a thermal material and said interstices are filled, at least partially, with a deformable thermal material, said thermal pad characterized in that the joints are selected from - the elastic solid bodies, which are attached to the blocks and then constitute at least a part of the deformable thermal material aforesaid; the elastic membranes, which are fixed to the blocks and put under tension so as to compress a deformable body, present in the interstices, said deformable body then constituting at least a part of the deformable thermal material; and - the joints, which are permeable to a fluid present in the interstices, said fluid then constituting at least a part of the deformable thermal material.
- the thermal pad according to the invention is intended to be brought into contact with a material body, with the aim of influencing the heat exchanges of this body with the ambient environment.
- body must be taken in a general acceptance, designating a material object. It denotes indifferently a solid body, a liquid body or a gaseous body. In the case of a solid body, it may for example comprise the surface of a solid object or part of the anatomy of an animal or a human being. In the case of a liquid body, it may comprise the surface of a sheet or a liquid bath. In this application of the invention, the cushion may for example serve as a bulkhead between two separate liquids or between a liquid and a surrounding atmosphere, for example the atmosphere.
- the cushion according to the invention can for example form a screen between two distinct atmospheres, for example a hot atmosphere (the atmosphere of an industrial furnace) and a moderate temperature atmosphere.
- a hot atmosphere the atmosphere of an industrial furnace
- a moderate temperature atmosphere the atmosphere of an industrial furnace
- a liquid or gaseous body it may optionally be enclosed in a sealed envelope, for example a flexible membrane.
- the ambient medium may be a gaseous medium or a liquid medium.
- a gaseous medium it may be for example atmospheric air, the atmosphere of a heated room, the atmosphere of a refrigerated room (for example a refrigerating chamber) or the atmosphere of a room. industrial oven (non-exhaustive list).
- the ambient medium is a liquid medium, it may for example be water or an industrial chemical bath.
- the expression "normal use temperature” denotes the temperature of the thermal material of the blocks and / or interstices, at the moment of use of the cushion.
- the word “cushion” refers very generally to any solid and flexible element intended to be brought into contact with the body (as defined above) so as to at least partially cover it or totally enclose it. or partially.
- the thermal pad according to the invention can therefore be shaped in a very different way according to the use for which it is intended.
- the thermal cushion according to the invention is a cushion which, when it is brought into contact with a body (according to the definition given above), at the normal temperature of use, generates a transfer of heat between said cushion and said body. or contributes to maintaining the temperature of said body substantially constant.
- the thermal pad according to the invention is designated “heat pad” or “cryogenic cushion” when its normal temperature of use is different from that of the body with which it is put in contact, so that heat transfer takes place between said cushion and said body.
- heat pad or "cryogenic cushion” when its normal temperature of use is different from that of the body with which it is put in contact, so that heat transfer takes place between said cushion and said body.
- cryogenic cushion When the heat transfer occurs naturally in the direction of the body to the thermal pad, it is a cryogenic cushion.
- the thermal pad according to the invention is a heat pad.
- the thermal pad according to the invention is designated "isothermal cushion" when its normal temperature of use is substantially equal to that of the body with which it is brought into contact, so that there is no heat transfer between said body and the thermal pad.
- An isothermal cushion according to the invention therefore exerts the technical function of a heat insulator, preventing heat transfer between the body and the environment.
- the thermal pad according to the invention comprises a network of blocks, between which are formed interstices.
- the interstices generally communicate with each other.
- each block of the cushion is a solid element.
- the shape of the blocks of the cushion according to the invention will be detailed later.
- the blocks are assembled in a network. They are also spaced apart so as to form between them a network of interstices.
- the cushion according to the invention thus comprises an interlacing of interstices in an interlacing of blocks.
- the block network generally comprises a single layer or stratum of blocks, although a network formed of several layers of superimposed blocks is not excluded from the invention.
- the blocks of the network are articulated with each other. In other words, the blocks of the network are interconnected by joints. Details about the joints will be provided later.
- the shape and the dimensions of the blocks, the shape and the dimensions of the interstices and the choice of the articulations are adapted so that the network of blocks forms a solid structure, deformable by bending and / or torsion and / or rotation around multiple axes distributed in a three - dimensional space.
- the blocks and the interstices contain a thermal material.
- the thermal material will be explained later.
- the shape of the blocks depends on the use of the cushion and is not critical for the definition of the invention.
- the blocks may for example have a spherical, hemispherical, ovoid, annular, lenticular, conical, frustoconical or polyhedral shape.
- the blocks may have flat faces, bent or left, for example helical or include an assembly of flat faces and curved or left faces.
- each block is formed of two pyramid trunks joined along their large base, for example two truncated triangular pyramid, trapezoidal, square or octagonal.
- the blocks are advantageously articulated in the geometric plane of the aforesaid large base of the two truncated pyramids.
- the interstices formed between the blocks have the function of allowing a movement of these blocks around the joints that bind them.
- the shape of the interstices will depend on various parameters, such as the type of deformations desired for the block network (uniaxial, biaxial or triaxial bending, torsion, extension, or combination of two or more of these types of deformations), amplitude deformations, the shape and dimensions of the blocks, the joints used and the arrangement of these joints between the blocks.
- the blocks comprise a thermal material.
- the thermal material of the blocks confers its thermal properties on the thermal cushion according to the invention.
- the thermal material of the blocks is selected from those which, brought to the normal temperature of use and then subjected to cooling, release a large amount of heat.
- the thermal material of the blocks is selected from those which, brought to the normal temperature of use and then subjected to heating, capture a large amount of heat.
- the thermal material of the blocks is selected from those which oppose the heat transfer or which, brought to the normal temperature of use, then require a significant input of heat to change its temperature.
- Thermal materials having, at the normal temperature of use, a high specific heat are generally suitable for the three types of cushions according to the invention. These thermal materials are those known and used in the art for their property of accumulating large amounts of heat and which find particular applications as heat accumulators.
- the blocks can be entirely constituted by the thermal material which is then necessarily solid at the normal temperature of use, as well as in the normal conditions of handling of the thermal pad.
- the blocks may, in addition to the thermal material, comprise another material, which does not, by itself, the function of the thermal material as defined above.
- the thermal material can be identical for all the blocks or be different according to the blocks.
- each block can comprise a single thermal material or a mixture of two or more thermal materials.
- thermal material refers to either a single thermal material or a mixture of separate thermal materials.
- the blocks comprise cells inside which the thermal material is arranged.
- This embodiment of the thermal pad according to the invention is especially well suited to the case where the thermal material of the blocks is not solid at the normal temperature of use or in the normal conditions of handling of the thermal pad.
- the outer shape of the cells must comply with the form requirements explained above with respect to the blocks. The choice of the material of the cells is conditioned by the need, for said cells, to be chemically inert with respect to the thermal material they contain and vis-à-vis the chemical and thermal environment during their use normal.
- the cells must also have mechanical properties compatible with the mechanical stresses to which the cushion is normally subjected to the normal temperature of use or during handling and be substantially indeformable (they must be of a rigid or semi-rigid material and of adapted form).
- each cell may be completely isolated from neighboring cells or, alternatively, the cells may communicate with each other, to allow the fluid content of said cells to flow between them.
- the thermal material of the cushion is liquid or gaseous
- the wall of the cells is generally impermeable to liquids or gases. Plastics are generally well suited for building cells.
- Useful plastics include polyolefins, particularly polymers and copolymers of ethylene and propylene, chlorinated polymers, particularly polymers and copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride, styrene-ethylene-butyl- styrene and polyurethane.
- Polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and styrene-ethylene-butyl-styrene copolymers are suitable for most applications.
- the cells may also be made of metal, for example by stamping sheets of metal or malleable alloy such as aluminum and aluminum alloys.
- the cells or some of them are formed of composite materials: one part of the cell is made of one material and another part of the cell is made of another material.
- part of the cell network is made of one material and another part of the cell network is made of another material. Any known method of shaping can be used to fabricate the cell array. The processes by molding, stamping, extrusion, injection, are well suited.
- an embossed sheet of plastics material or metal is formed, which thus has an array of cells or semi-cells. Another sheet is then glued or welded onto the embossed sheet so as to seal the cells of the embossed sheet and to form the cells.
- This other sheet may be a plain sheet or an embossed sheet.
- the thermal material of the blocks comprises a substance that undergoes a change of state at the normal temperature of use.
- the term "change of state" is considered in its general acceptance and refers to any physical and / or chemical change in the substance occurring at a substantially constant temperature and characterized by heat. latent state change.
- the change of state may notably include the melting of a solid, the solidification of a liquid, the vaporization of a liquid, the condensation of a gas, the total or partial hydration of a salt, total or partial dehydration of a salt, crystallization of an amorphous solid or recrystallization of an allotropic form of a crystal into another allotropic form.
- the thermal material of the blocks may consist exclusively of said substance which undergoes a change of state at the normal temperature of use.
- the thermal material of the blocks may further contain other substances or materials which do not undergo a change of state at the normal temperature of use.
- the invention does not exclude the case where only a part of the thermal matter of the blocks undergoes a change of state (in this case, when is composed of a mixture of several chemical compounds of which only one undergoes a change of state at the normal temperature of use or when incorporating an additional material which does not participate in the thermal function of the thermal cushion, for example a magnet) .
- the change of state undergone by the thermal material of the blocks at the normal temperature of use corresponds to a heat absorption by said material in the case of a cryogenic cushion and to a heat transfer in the case of a heat pad.
- the change of state undergone by the thermal material of the blocks at the normal temperature of use corresponds to a heat absorption by said thermal material when said normal temperature of use (which is also that the body to which the cushion is intended) is less than that of the environment.
- the change of state corresponds to a heat transfer by the thermal material, when the normal temperature of use is higher than that of the ambient environment.
- the state of the thermal material of the blocks should be appropriately selected.
- the cushion In the case where the cushion is used as a cryogenic cushion, it is necessary first to bring the thermal material of the blocks into a state which, at the normal temperature of use, will undergo a change of state corresponding to a heat absorption (for example the melting of a solid or the vaporization of a liquid). In the case where the cushion is used as a heat pad, it is necessary first to bring the thermal material of the blocks into a state which, at the normal temperature of use will undergo a change of state corresponding to a production of heat (for example the solidification or crystallization of a liquid or the condensation of a gas).
- a heat absorption for example the melting of a solid or the vaporization of a liquid
- a production of heat for example the solidification or crystallization of a liquid or the condensation of a gas.
- the cushion in an environment whose temperature is higher than the normal temperature of use, it is necessary to first bring the thermal material of the blocks into a state which, at the normal temperature of use will undergo a change of state corresponding to a heat absorption (for example the melting of a solid or the vaporization of a liquid).
- a heat absorption for example the melting of a solid or the vaporization of a liquid.
- the cushion is used as an isothermal cushion, in an environment whose temperature is lower than the normal temperature of use, it is necessary to first bring the thermal matter of the cells into a state which, at the normal temperature of use will undergo a change of state corresponding to a production of heat (for example the solidification or the crystallization of a liquid or the condensation of a gas.) All other things being equal, in the In the preferred embodiment just described, the best results are obtained with thermal materials which, at the normal temperature of use, have latent heat of high state change.
- the thermal material of the blocks, undergoing a change of state at the normal temperature of use can be described as a pure body.
- the choice of the thermal material of the blocks is conditioned by the normal temperature of use of the cushion. This is itself conditioned by the application for which the thermal pad is intended.
- Water and aqueous solutions are generally well suited in the particular case of a cryogenic cushion for therapeutic applications. Pure water is suitable for applications where the normal temperature of use of the cushion is approximately 273 K (0 ° C). For applications where the normal temperature of use is less than 273 K, aqueous solutions are recommended in which the dissolved body and its concentration are selected according to the normal temperature of use of the cryogenic cushion.
- the dissolved body It is recommended to select the dissolved body and its concentration so as to avoid a partial or total precipitation of said dissolved body at the normal temperature of use of the cushion.
- the dissolved bodies include sodium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium carbonate, propylene glycol, glycerin, ethyl alcohol and propyl alcohol.
- the thermal material of the blocks constitutes the main active element of the cushion and confers on it its thermal properties (cryogenic, calorific or isothermal properties, depending on its destination).
- the thermal matter of the interstices serves to increase the effectiveness of the cushion, increasing its active surface and its active volume.
- the thermal material of the interstices must have thermal properties similar to those stated above for the thermal material of the blocks. Its thermal properties must therefore be adapted to the destination of the cushion, the normal temperature of use thereof, the body temperature at which the cushion is intended and at room temperature.
- the thermal material of the interstices comprises an elastic solid body.
- the thermal material of the interstices comprises a fluid.
- the fluid may comprise a liquid, a gas, a gel (or viscous fluid) or a solid in the form of loose particles (for example a powder).
- the interstices must be closed to retain the thermal material. The shutter member used must not hinder the movement of the blocks on their joints.
- the interstices can be filled partially or completely by the thermal material. It is preferred that interstices of the network of blocks are filled completely with the thermal material.
- substances capable of reflecting infrared radiation or ultraviolet radiation may optionally be incorporated into the thermal materials of the blocks and interstices and / or, where appropriate, to the membranes or envelopes. Examples of such reflective substances include aluminum powders.
- substances capable of absorbing infrared radiation for example carbon powder, may be incorporated in the thermal materials and / or, where appropriate, in the membranes or envelopes.
- the interstices between the blocks can be opened.
- This embodiment of the invention is suitable when the deformable thermal material of the interstices is a deformable solid (for example a foam) at the normal temperature of use and under normal conditions of handling of the thermal pad.
- the interstices between the blocks can be closed by a closure member. This alternative is necessary in the case where the thermal material of the interstices is a fluid (as defined above) under the normal conditions of use and handling of the thermal pad. It is also suitable in the case where the thermal material of the interstices is a deformable solid body. As stated above, should choose a shutter member that does not hinder the movement of articulated blocks.
- the thermal pad according to the invention is particularized by the design of the joints of the blocks. It is particularly particularized by an original selection of said joints, related to a selection of the thermal material of the interstices, so that the block network can undergo deformations in the three directions of space, by bending, twisting and rotation.
- the joints of the blocks comprise elastic solid bodies, which are attached to the blocks and which then constitute at least a part of the thermal material of the interstices. Information concerning the elastic solid body has been communicated above.
- the attachment of the elastic solid body blocks can be achieved by any suitable means, for example by gluing, welding or by means of screws or dowels (non-exhaustive list).
- the joints of the blocks comprise elastic membranes, which are fixed to the blocks and which are tensioned so as to compress a deformable body, present in the interstices, said deformable body constituting then at least a part of the deformable thermal material.
- the deformable body may be an elastic solid body or a fluid. In the case of a fluid, it may be an incompressible fluid or a compressible fluid. Information about Elastic solid bodies and fluids have been communicated above.
- each interstice may be covered with an individual membrane. The membranes are then appropriately attached to the blocks to allow them to be energized. Any suitable means can be implemented, for example gluing or welding. The fixing of the membranes to the blocks must be tight, when the thermal material of the interstices is fluid (gas or liquid).
- a resilient and impervious sheet covers at least part or all of the block network and then replaces the individual membranes closing the interstices.
- the block network is enclosed in a tight and elastic envelope.
- the casing may be suitably fixed to the blocks to seal the interstices in a sealed manner when the thermal material of the interstices is fluid (gas or liquid).
- the envelope can indifferently be fixed to all the blocks of the network of blocks, to some of these (and not to others ) or not attached to any block.
- Fixing the envelope to the blocks can be obtained by any appropriate means. Suitable means include gluing and welding.
- the envelope can be simple or made of a complex film or have several layers related to each other or not. It can be of composition distinct according to the face. It may include treatments and additives that confer specific active properties according to use. It may include inlet / outlet pipes for the introduction or circulation of the thermal material of the interstices, when it is fluid.
- the interstices between the blocks contain a fluid and the joints are permeable to said fluid.
- the fluid may comprise a liquid, a gas, a gel or a solid in the form of loose particles (for example a powder) and it constitutes at least a part of the thermal material deformable interstices.
- Information concerning the fluid of the interstices has been communicated above.
- the selection of the joints will depend on the state of the fluid present in the interstices.
- Said articulations may for example comprise flexible (possibly elastic) membranes, porous to gases or liquids, flexible and perforated partitions, lattices, hinges having perforations or any other articulation that may not hinder free flow of the fluid present. in the interstices.
- the cushion according to the invention can combine several types of joints, for example elastic solid bodies attached to the blocks, pivots and membranes.
- the blocks of the network can be connected to each other by tenons rigid, whose mechanical resistance to bending is weak and controlled.
- the rigid tenons serve to impart rigidity to the cushion to facilitate its handling and they break when the cushion is applied to the body and deforms.
- the thermal pad according to the invention has the advantageous property of combining excellent storage and heat exchange properties and excellent flexibility / elasticity which makes it immediately adaptable to the shape of a material body on which it is formed. applies, so that it marries perfectly the shape of the body and then ensures a homogeneous regulation of temperature or heat exchange over the entire covered surface of said body.
- the thickness thereof Due to the design and structure of the thermal pad according to the invention, the thickness thereof has no effect on its flexibility and its ability to deform. In other words, the invention makes it possible to adapt the thickness of the cushion to the desired thermal properties (to its thermal capacity), without impairing its flexibility or its ability to easily adapt to bodies of various shapes.
- the network of blocks carries, on at least part of its surface, an elastic and watertight envelope, generally provided with an intake and exhaust device. a fluid (for example a gas).
- the envelope is intended to be placed in contact with the above-mentioned material body, with which heat exchange must take place.
- the block network can be shaped into a single layer.
- the block network may be formed of a superposition of several layers.
- the stratum or the laminated assembly may advantageously be sandwiched between two elastic and leaktight envelopes, generally each provided with an inlet device and exhaust of a fluid (for example a gas).
- a fluid for example a gas
- one of the envelopes then serves, by resting on a suitable support (for example a bandage or a shell), to apply the thermal pad on the body with a defined pressure.
- the other envelope serves to regulate the heat transfer between the thermal materials and the body, as explained above.
- the thermal pad according to the invention has multiple applications. It finds particular use as an isothermal cushion (or thermostat) to maintain the temperature of containers such as bottles or thermostatic flasks. Such use of the thermal pad according to the invention finds applications in the industry for the maintenance of chemicals at predetermined temperatures, as well as in the food sector for heating, cooling or maintaining the temperature of enclosures containing foodstuffs.
- the thermal pad according to the invention also finds applications as a cushion cryogenic, especially in the chemical or pharmaceutical industry for the maintenance of chemicals at low temperatures, as well as in the food industry to preserve food preservation. Because of its moldability and deformability, the thermal pad is particularly suitable for welfare-related applications in the form of articles of clothing and various body care items (eg compresses, masks, massage tools).
- the thermal pad according to the invention is especially adapted to medical, paramedical and sports applications, especially in thermal regulation and cryotherapy.
- Cryotherapy is a medical technique that is widely used, especially to relieve pain (for example headaches, migraines, toothache, muscle pain or inflammatory pain), to facilitate the resorption of bruises or dandruff. edema and healing of accidental or surgical wounds.
- the invention therefore also relates to a device comprising a heat cushion according to the invention, for the therapeutic treatment of the human or animal body.
- the cushion and its network of blocks are shaped according to the mode of treatment or according to the part of the human body or the animal body for which said device is intended.
- the cushion is housed in inside a rigid shell.
- the shell is normally shaped according to the part of the human or animal body on which the cushion is to be applied. It has for example the shape of an elbow, a knee, a finger, a foot or a skull.
- the shell may be formed of two or more articulated elements, to facilitate its implementation on the human or animal body. This embodiment of the device according to the invention is especially indicated when the device is intended to be applied to the head of a person or an animal.
- an elastic and tight envelope is interposed between the shell and the network of blocks of the cushion and this envelope is generally provided with an intake and exhaust device.
- a fluid a fluid.
- This variant of the invention achieves a homogeneous application of the thermal pad on the human and animal body. It also makes it possible to apply the thermal cushion to the human or animal body with a defined pressure, regulated by the pressure of the fluid admitted into the envelope.
- a panel is hinged to the shell and dimensioned so that it can form, with the shell, a sealed chamber containing the thermal pad.
- the heat cushion and the shell form an integral part of a hermetic box used for handling the device. Using a panel suitably isolated, the device thus designed allows to maintain predetermined thermal properties. In this way, the device is especially well suited for use in an emergency, outside a hospital center, for example on public roads.
- the shell and the hinged panel may be provided with a medical instrumentation, comprising for example thermometers or tensiometers. It can also be provided with a self-contained device for generating heat or cold during the handling of the device, including its transport or storage.
- the invention also relates to a thermal wall, comprising an accumulation of thermal pads according to the invention, between two partitions or between a partition and a body.
- the thermal wall may be a heat wall, a cryogenic wall or an isostatic wall, depending on whether the heat cushions accumulated between its two walls are heat pads, cryogenic cushions or isostatic cushions.
- the thermal wall according to the invention may for example constitute the wall of a thermos.
- thermal pads are preferably used in which the block network is arranged in a casing filled with a deformable thermal material. At least a portion of the thermal material of the envelope may comprise the thermal material of the interstices.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view, in cross section, of a particular embodiment of the thermal pad according to the invention
- Figure 2 shows in perspective, partially cut away, a detail of the heat cushion of Figure 1
- Figure 3 shows in perspective a detail of Figure 2.
- Figure 4 shows, in horizontal section, another embodiment of the thermal pad according to the invention
- Figure 5 shows the heat cushion of Figure 4, in vertical section
- Figure 6 shows in perspective a particular embodiment of the device according to the invention
- Figure 7 is a side view, partially cut away, of another embodiment of the device according to the invention
- Figure 8 is a rear view of the device of Figure 7
- Figure 9 is a diagram, in cross section, of a third embodiment of the device according to the invention
- Figure 10 shows in vertical cross section a thermal wall according to the invention
- FIG. 11 shows a heat cushion according to the invention, usable in the thermal wall of FIG. 10
- Figure 12 shows another thermal pad according to the invention, usable in the thermal wall of Figure 10.
- the figures are not drawn to scale. Generally, the same reference numbers designate the same elements.
- the thermal pad shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises an array of blocks 1 formed of hollow cells.
- the blocks or cells 1 are in the form of square-based prisms.
- Each cell 1 is formed of two truncated pyramids 3 and 4, connected along their large square base. The lateral edges of the two pyramid trunks are chamfered (2).
- the network of cells 1 is formed by the assembly of two embossed sheets 5 of flexible polymeric material (for example plasticized polyvinyl chloride or styrene-ylene-butyl-styrene copolymer) previously stamped and welded to one another. other along tabs 6 between the cells (an embossed sheet 5 is shown in Figure 3).
- the tongues 6 are flexible and elastic and they serve as articulations between the cells 1. They are pierced with openings 9 whose function will appear further. By folding or twisting the assembly of the sheets 5, it is thus possible to adopt complex profiles to the cell cushion, to adapt it to a suitable body, for example a part of the human or animal anatomy.
- the thermal cushion of Figures 1 to 3 is a cryogenic cushion for cryotherapy.
- the cells 1 are filled with a suitable thermal material, a definition of which has been given above.
- the thermal material is advantageously an aqueous solution whose freezing is congruent and takes place at a temperature corresponding to the temperature at which the cushion is intended (normal temperature of use).
- the aqueous solution can be replaced by distilled or mineralized water.
- the gaps 8 delimited between the cells 1 and the tongues 6 are filled with a deformable thermal material 10 (shown in FIG. 1 only).
- the thermal material 10 shown in FIG. 1 is an elastic solid body, for example an elastomer mass or a polymeric foam. It is preferably chosen so as to have a high specific heat at the normal temperature of use.
- a flexible and elastic envelope 7 surrounds the network of cells 1 and interstices 8.
- the elastic envelope 7 is for example a film of styrene-ethylene-butyl-styrene copolymer.
- the thermal pad is removed from the refrigerating cabinet at the time of its use and can be applied immediately to a part of the human body that is desired to undergo a cryogenic therapy, for example a hand, head or arm. Thanks to the flexibility of the envelope 7 and the tongues 6 and the elasticity of the thermal material 10 contained in the interstices 8, the cushion is deformed and adapts perfectly to the morphology of the human body.
- the elastic envelope 7 is welded to the cells 1 and energized, so that the elastic solid body 10 of the interstices 8 is maintained in a state of elastic compression 8.
- a compress can be interposed between the thermal pad and the anatomical part of the human body. Any compress usually used in medical therapy is suitable. It can for example include a gauze. After placing the thermal pad on the compress, it is firmly attached to the treated part of the body, by means of a bandage (adhesive or other), so that by deforming, it perfectly fits the whole treated part of the body .
- the cushion may itself be provided with repositionable medical adhesive parts.
- the bandage is superfluous.
- a second heat cushion on the first heat cushion.
- the first thermal pad the one that is applied directly to the human body (or the pad)
- the second thermal pad can act as a thermal insulator. It can in particular act as an insulating bandage for fixing and / or compression. It can be equipped with an inflatable pocket for optimal application on concave bodies.
- the cushion can integrate into a single article the thermal function, the function of insulating bandage and include the compress discussed above, which is interposed between the thermal pad and the body part of the body human.
- the tongues 6 are pierced with openings 9 (the function of which will appear below) and the thermal material 10 of the interstices 8 is in the liquid or gel state. the normal temperature of use.
- the casing 7 is fixed to the cells 1, so as to seal the interstices 8.
- the openings 9 have the function of allowing a circulation of the fluid thermal material in the interstice network 8, when the cushion is deformed.
- the structure of the thermal pad can optionally be used by fluid circulation in interstices and / or cells (communicating by filling / circulation channels).
- Thermogenic / cryogenic mixing reactions can be used to initiate the thermal function autonomously or to extend the duration of action without the need to remove the pad for refilling.
- the cushion may include temperature control and regulation elements.
- the cushion comprises an array of cells 1 between which is interposed a network of an elastic solid mass 10.
- the solid elastic mass 10 is an elastomer mass or a polymer resin foam.
- the elastic network 10 is fixed to the network of cells 1 by gluing or welding. The elastic network 10 thus serves as an articulation between the cells 1.
- the device comprises a thermal cushion generally designated by the reference numeral 11.
- the thermal cushion comprises, as explained above, an array of blocks 1 and interstices 8, containing appropriate thermal materials.
- the thermal pad 11 is attached to a bandage 12, intended to attach to the arm of a person.
- a rectangular opening 13 is enclosed in the network of blocks 8. The opening 13 serves to give access to a defined area of the arm, to subject it to an appropriate therapeutic treatment (for example to treat a wound, a contusion or a other local affection).
- the opening 13 can be used to apply a dressing on the arm.
- thermal pad 11 of the device of FIG. 6 may, for example, be a cryogenic cushion, designed to put the hypothermically treated arm while subjecting the accessible zone in the opening 13 to a suitable therapeutic treatment.
- the device of Figure 6 can obviously be adapted to the treatment of a member of the body of an animal, for example a leg of a horse.
- Figures 7 and 8 show a device according to the invention for the therapeutic treatment of the skull of a person.
- the device comprises a rigid shell 14, having the shape of a helmet substantially matching the head 15 and the neck of the person.
- the helmet 14 is formed of three articulated elements 16, 17 and 18 ( Figure 8).
- the element 16 serves to cover the skull cap and the elements 17 and 18 are intended to encircle the neck.
- the inner part of the helmet 14 is represented on a larger scale in a zone designated by the reference numeral X in FIG. 7.
- This comprises a thermal cushion, under the shell 14.
- the thermal cushion is in accordance with the invention and comprises successively an insulating layer 19, a sealed envelope 20 (whose function will be explained later), an array 11 of articulated blocks containing a thermal material and a second sealed envelope 22.
- the sealed envelope 20 comprises a device (not shown) to introduce a fluid under pressure. This is usually air that is blown into the bag by means of an electric or manual pump (such as bicycle pumps or used on medical or paramedical sphygmomanometers).
- the pocket 22 is similar to the pocket 20 is also designed for the introduction of a defined volume of pressurized air.
- a cryogenic treatment for example placing it in hypothermia
- the helmet 14 and its thermal cushion are kept in a refrigerated cabinet for a suitable time so that they acquire a temperature predetermined.
- the element 16 of the helmet 14 is then applied to the cranial cap of the patient's head 15 and the elements 17 and 18 are folded against the patient's neck.
- a defined volume of air is blown into the pouch 20 to apply the array of articulated blocks 11 with a predetermined pressure on the patient's head 15.
- a defined volume of air is blown into the pocket 22.
- the air pocket 22 serves to form an insulating film between the block network 11 and the head 15, to regulate the flow of heat between the head. 15 and the thermal material of the blocks 11 of the thermal pad. This flow of heat is regulated at will by a suitable choice of the volume of air that is blown into the pocket 22.
- the shell 14 of the device of FIGS. 7 and 8 can advantageously be provided with medical instrumentation, comprising, for example, thermometers or tensiometers.
- Figure 9 shows an alternative embodiment of the device of Figures 7 and 8.
- the shell 14 has the shape of a hemisphere, adapted to cover the skull cap of a person. It is formed of two elements 23 and 24 hinged on a ring 25 for encircling the cranial box at the forehead.
- the elements 23 and 24 carry, on their inner face, a thermal pad (not shown), according to the invention.
- Two panels 26 and 27 are also articulated to the ring 25.
- the two panels 26 and 27 form, with the elements 23 and 24, a chamber in which the thermal pads of the elements 23 and 24 are enclosed.
- the shell 14 and its heat cushions are thus an integral part of a box (which can be hermetic and insulating) for the transport and handling of the device.
- the device represented in FIG. 9 is especially well suited for emergency use, outside a hospital center, by example to intervene urgently on public roads.
- the shell 14 may further be provided with a self-contained apparatus for generating heat or cold during the transportation of the device or its handling.
- Figure 10 shows another application of the thermal pad according to the invention. It partially shows a cryogenic wall 28 of a thermos, intended to keep organs or cold food.
- the cryogenic wall 28 comprises a pair of partitions 29 and 30 delimiting between them a chamber filled with small cryogenic cushions 31 according to the invention.
- each cryogenic cushion 31 comprises blocks 32 (FIG.
- FIG. 12 shows another embodiment of the cryogenic cushions 31 usable in the cryogenic wall 28 of FIG. 10.
- the cryogenic cushion comprises a chain of blocks 32 connected by pivots 33 and containing a rigid cryogenic material (for example ice).
- the block chain 32 is enclosed in a tubular envelope 34, filled with a cryogenic gel 35.
- the invention also relates to the thermal walls in which the heat pads contain a single block 32 (containing a rigid thermal material), in a flexible envelope containing a fluid thermal material [liquid, gas, gel or solid in the form of loose particles (powder)].
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
- Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
- Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
- Bedding Items (AREA)
- Helmets And Other Head Coverings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (15)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN2004800354570A CN1886102B (zh) | 2003-10-29 | 2004-10-11 | 热垫和包括这种热垫的装置 |
SI200430706T SI1677715T1 (sl) | 2003-10-29 | 2004-10-11 | Termalni obkladek in naprava s takim obkladkom |
EP04790248A EP1677715B1 (fr) | 2003-10-29 | 2004-10-11 | Coussin thermique et dispositif comprenant un tel coussin |
US10/577,214 US20070130840A1 (en) | 2003-10-29 | 2004-10-11 | Thermal cushion and device comprising such a cushion |
BRPI0415815-6A BRPI0415815A (pt) | 2003-10-29 | 2004-10-11 | acolchoado térmico, dispositivo compreendendo o mesmo, e parede térmica |
AU2004288640A AU2004288640B2 (en) | 2003-10-29 | 2004-10-11 | Heating cushion and device comprising such a cushion |
KR1020067008429A KR101085367B1 (ko) | 2003-10-29 | 2004-10-11 | 열 쿠션 및 이 열 쿠션을 포함하는 장치 |
CA2543778A CA2543778C (fr) | 2003-10-29 | 2004-10-11 | Coussin thermique et dispositif comprenant un tel coussin |
DK04790248T DK1677715T3 (da) | 2003-10-29 | 2004-10-11 | Termisk pude og anordning omfattende en sådan |
PL04790248T PL1677715T3 (pl) | 2003-10-29 | 2004-10-11 | Poduszka termiczna i urządzenie zawierające taką poduszkę |
DE602004011972T DE602004011972T2 (de) | 2003-10-29 | 2004-10-11 | Heizkissen und ein solches kissen enthaltende vorrichtung |
JP2006537104A JP4705579B2 (ja) | 2003-10-29 | 2004-10-11 | 熱クッション及び熱クッションを含む装置 |
EA200600838A EA008313B1 (ru) | 2003-10-29 | 2004-10-11 | Термическая подушка и устройство, содержащее эту подушку |
IL175195A IL175195A (en) | 2003-10-29 | 2006-04-25 | Thermal cushion and device comprising such a cushion |
HK07104311.7A HK1097727A1 (en) | 2003-10-29 | 2007-04-24 | Heating cushion and device comprising such a cushion |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03024751A EP1527760A1 (fr) | 2003-10-29 | 2003-10-29 | Coussin thermique et son utilisation |
EP03024751.4 | 2003-10-29 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005046540A1 true WO2005046540A1 (fr) | 2005-05-26 |
Family
ID=34400482
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2004/011332 WO2005046540A1 (fr) | 2003-10-29 | 2004-10-11 | Coussin thermique et dispositif comprenant un tel coussin |
Country Status (20)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070130840A1 (fr) |
EP (2) | EP1527760A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP4705579B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR101085367B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1886102B (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE386492T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2004288640B2 (fr) |
BR (1) | BRPI0415815A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2543778C (fr) |
CY (1) | CY1107941T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE602004011972T2 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK1677715T3 (fr) |
EA (1) | EA008313B1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2300833T3 (fr) |
HK (1) | HK1097727A1 (fr) |
IL (1) | IL175195A (fr) |
PL (1) | PL1677715T3 (fr) |
PT (1) | PT1677715E (fr) |
SI (1) | SI1677715T1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2005046540A1 (fr) |
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- 2004-10-11 AT AT04790248T patent/ATE386492T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-10-11 JP JP2006537104A patent/JP4705579B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-11 DE DE602004011972T patent/DE602004011972T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-10-11 KR KR1020067008429A patent/KR101085367B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-10-11 SI SI200430706T patent/SI1677715T1/sl unknown
- 2004-10-11 DK DK04790248T patent/DK1677715T3/da active
- 2004-10-11 AU AU2004288640A patent/AU2004288640B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-10-11 PT PT04790248T patent/PT1677715E/pt unknown
- 2004-10-11 PL PL04790248T patent/PL1677715T3/pl unknown
- 2004-10-11 CA CA2543778A patent/CA2543778C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-11 WO PCT/EP2004/011332 patent/WO2005046540A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 2004-10-11 US US10/577,214 patent/US20070130840A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-10-11 CN CN2004800354570A patent/CN1886102B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-11 EA EA200600838A patent/EA008313B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-10-11 ES ES04790248T patent/ES2300833T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US12070411B2 (en) | 2006-04-28 | 2024-08-27 | Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. | Cryoprotectant for use with a treatment device for improved cooling of subcutaneous lipid-rich cells |
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US8702774B2 (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2014-04-22 | Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. | Device, system and method of removing heat from subcutaneous lipid-rich cells |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1677715A1 (fr) | 2006-07-12 |
BRPI0415815A (pt) | 2006-12-26 |
HK1097727A1 (en) | 2007-07-06 |
SI1677715T1 (sl) | 2008-08-31 |
CY1107941T1 (el) | 2013-09-04 |
KR101085367B1 (ko) | 2011-11-21 |
EP1527760A1 (fr) | 2005-05-04 |
EP1677715B1 (fr) | 2008-02-20 |
DE602004011972T2 (de) | 2008-08-21 |
CA2543778C (fr) | 2012-10-02 |
IL175195A (en) | 2010-12-30 |
JP4705579B2 (ja) | 2011-06-22 |
IL175195A0 (en) | 2006-09-05 |
ES2300833T3 (es) | 2008-06-16 |
PT1677715E (pt) | 2008-09-11 |
AU2004288640B2 (en) | 2011-05-12 |
DK1677715T3 (da) | 2008-06-23 |
DE602004011972D1 (de) | 2008-04-03 |
AU2004288640A1 (en) | 2005-05-26 |
EA008313B1 (ru) | 2007-04-27 |
CN1886102A (zh) | 2006-12-27 |
JP2007509663A (ja) | 2007-04-19 |
PL1677715T3 (pl) | 2008-07-31 |
ATE386492T1 (de) | 2008-03-15 |
US20070130840A1 (en) | 2007-06-14 |
CN1886102B (zh) | 2012-09-05 |
EA200600838A1 (ru) | 2006-10-27 |
KR20060109450A (ko) | 2006-10-20 |
CA2543778A1 (fr) | 2005-05-26 |
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