WO2005014925A1 - Hybrid high elongation cord - Google Patents

Hybrid high elongation cord Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005014925A1
WO2005014925A1 PCT/EP2004/051252 EP2004051252W WO2005014925A1 WO 2005014925 A1 WO2005014925 A1 WO 2005014925A1 EP 2004051252 W EP2004051252 W EP 2004051252W WO 2005014925 A1 WO2005014925 A1 WO 2005014925A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cord
filaments
group
twisting
elongation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2004/051252
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Stijn Vanneste
Hans Cauwels
Original Assignee
N.V. Bekaert S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by N.V. Bekaert S.A. filed Critical N.V. Bekaert S.A.
Priority to BRPI0412881-8A priority Critical patent/BRPI0412881B1/en
Priority to EP04741899A priority patent/EP1646750B1/en
Priority to DE602004013324T priority patent/DE602004013324T2/en
Priority to US10/564,966 priority patent/US7337604B2/en
Priority to PL04741899T priority patent/PL1646750T3/en
Priority to ES04741899T priority patent/ES2305791T3/en
Publication of WO2005014925A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005014925A1/en

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/48—Tyre cords
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/005—Reinforcements made of different materials, e.g. hybrid or composite cords
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
    • D07B1/0606—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles
    • D07B1/0613—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles the reinforcing cords being characterised by the rope configuration
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1012—Rope or cable structures characterised by their internal structure
    • D07B2201/102—Rope or cable structures characterised by their internal structure including a core
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1028—Rope or cable structures characterised by the number of strands
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1028—Rope or cable structures characterised by the number of strands
    • D07B2201/1032—Rope or cable structures characterised by the number of strands three to eight strands respectively forming a single layer
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/104—Rope or cable structures twisted
    • D07B2201/1064—Rope or cable structures twisted characterised by lay direction of the strand compared to the lay direction of the wires in the strand
    • D07B2201/1068—Rope or cable structures twisted characterised by lay direction of the strand compared to the lay direction of the wires in the strand having the same lay direction
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2022—Strands coreless
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2024—Strands twisted
    • D07B2201/2025—Strands twisted characterised by a value or range of the pitch parameter given
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2024—Strands twisted
    • D07B2201/2029—Open winding
    • D07B2201/2031—Different twist pitch
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2038—Strands characterised by the number of wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/2039—Strands characterised by the number of wires or filaments three to eight wires or filaments respectively forming a single layer
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2047—Cores
    • D07B2201/2052—Cores characterised by their structure
    • D07B2201/2053—Cores characterised by their structure being homogeneous
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2047—Cores
    • D07B2201/2052—Cores characterised by their structure
    • D07B2201/2055—Cores characterised by their structure comprising filaments or fibers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
    • D07B2205/2039—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
    • D07B2205/2046—Polyamides, e.g. nylons
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2401/00—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
    • D07B2401/20—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2401/2005—Elongation or elasticity
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2401/00—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
    • D07B2401/20—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2401/2005—Elongation or elasticity
    • D07B2401/201—Elongation or elasticity regarding structural elongation
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2501/00—Application field
    • D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2501/2046—Tire cords

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an elongation steel cord adapted for the reinforcement of elastomer structures, more particularly adapted for the reinforcement of the outermost plies of rubber tires.
  • Elongation cords such as high-elongation cords, are used to reinforce the belt of a radial tire.
  • This can be the radially outermost ply, also called a protection ply, or an intermediate layer.
  • the protection ply is the ply which lies closest to the tread and thus to the surface.
  • a protection ply fulfills a front line function in the protection of a tire: Every unevenness and every roughness on the roads are first felt and taken up by the protection ply.
  • the elongation cord can also be used in other parts of the belt as strips or covering the whole width of the belt. Very often the elongation cords are used under a nearly 0° angle with respect to the equatorial plane of the tire, so in a circumferential direction. In this way the elongation cord can stabilize the belt edges and also control the belt deformation e.g. in case of a wide belt (low aspect ratio tire).
  • a wide belt low aspect ratio tire
  • a typical example for that is the so-called super single drive axle tire, this is one single wide tire replacing the normal 2 tires on every side that transmit the motor power of a truck to the road.
  • the elongation cords must have a high corrosion resistance, since moisture that is able to penetrate via cracks in the tread is most likely to arrive first at the protection ply. Full rubber penetration is a way to slow down the corrosion attack on steel cords.
  • the elongation cords must have - as their name expresses it - a high elongation before they break.
  • the elongation cords must allow an easy manufacture of the tires when they are used under a nearly 0° angle with respect to the equatorial plane. For that reason a high elongation at low loads is required in order to follow the tire expansion when the green tire is not present, the elongation cords risk to get into contact with steel cord of other plies.
  • the elongation cords must be cheap in manufacture.
  • An example of a high-elongation cord is the well-known 3x7x0.22 SS high-elongation (HE) steel cord with an elongation at fracture of about 7.5%.
  • HE high-elongation
  • an elongation cord adapted for the reinforcement of elastomer structures.
  • the elongation cord comprises a core and three to nine strands twisted around the core with a cord-twisting step in a cord twisting direction.
  • the core is a polymer core in order to provide the required elongation at fracture.
  • At least one of the strands - and preferably more than one strand, and most preferably all of the strands - comprises a first group of filaments and a second group of filaments.
  • These filaments and most preferably all of the strands - comprises a first group of filaments and a second group of filaments.
  • These filaments are preferably steel filaments.
  • the first group of filaments is twisted with a first twisting step in a first twisting direction.
  • the second group of 5 filaments is twisted with a second twisting step in a second twisting direction.
  • the first group of filaments is different from the second group of filaments in that either the first twisting step is different from the second twisting step, or the first twisting direction is different from the second twisting direction, or both. 10
  • the first twisting direction is equal to the cord twisting direction and the first twisting step is equal to the cord twisting step.
  • the first group of filaments may comprise between two and five filaments.
  • the second group of filaments may comprise between one 15 and five filaments. Following combinations are possible: 2+1 3+1 4+1 5+1 2+2 3+2 4+2 5+2 2+3 3+3 4+3 5+3
  • the polymer for the core may be selected amongst: A thermoplastic polyester based on polybutylenterephtalat or on polyetheleneterephtalat; A copolyester; 30 - A thermoplastic polyurethane; and - A polyamide.
  • the polymer is preferably a polyester or a polyamide.
  • the invention cord has a structural elongation (blank, i.e. not 35 embedded in rubber) of at least 1.20%, e.g. at least 1.30.
  • a structural elongation blade, i.e. not 35 embedded in rubber
  • Such a relatively high level of structural elongation - at low or even no- existing loads - facilitates the manufacturing of the tire since it prevents the elongation cords in the outermost protection layer from contacting the steel cords in the rubber plies immediately under the 5 protection layer.
  • the invention cord has an elongation at break (blank, i.e. not embedded in rubber) of at least 5%.
  • An example of a cord according to the invention is: 0.45 polyamide + 4 x (3x0.23 + 2x0.23) 0.45 mm is the initial diameter of the polyamide core the pitch of the second group of two filaments in the final cord is 4.6 mm; 15 the pitch of the first group of three filaments in the final cord and of the final cord is 6.0 mm.
  • the polymer core has a thickness, which is at least equal to or greater than the smallest diameter of the filaments in the first
  • the polymer core has a thickness, which is at least equal to or greater than two times the smallest diameter of the filaments in the first group or in the second group. The thicker the polymer core, the higher the structural elongation and
  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic drawing of a cross-section of an elongation cord according to the invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a cross-section of a effectively made elongation cord according to the invention
  • FIGURE 3 shows a typical stress-elongation curve of an invention cord.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a schematic drawing of a hybrid elongation cord 10 according to the invention.
  • the elongation cord 10 has a polyester core 12.
  • Four strands 14 have been twisted around core 12.
  • Each strand 14 has two groups of steel filaments: A first group 16 with
  • the twisting pitch of the filaments 17 and 18 in the first group 16 is equal to the twisting pitch of the strands 14 around the polyester core 12.
  • the twisting direction of the filaments 17 and 18 in the first group 16 is equal to the twisting direction of the strands 14
  • a hybrid elongation cord 10 can be manufactured as follows. First of all, the stranding takes place: All the strands 14 are manufactured individually and in advance. The way of manufacturing 20 the strands 14 has been disclosed in US-A-4,408,444. The result is a strand with two groups of steel filaments: - A first group of steel filaments 17, 18 which are untwisted or nearly untwisted, i.e. with a twisting step of more than 200 mm; - A second group of steel filaments 21, 22 that are twisted around 25 each other filaments with a same twisting step and in a same twisting direction as they are twisted around the first group of steel filaments.
  • FIGURE 2 shows a more realistic picture of a cross-section of an effectively made elongation cord according to the invention.
  • the steel cord 10 has a polyester core 12, which is no longer exact circular.
  • the individual strands 14 around the polymer core 12 are not so easy to distinguish from one another and the filaments inside each strand of the first group and of the second group are no longer to be distinguished from each other, at least not from one single cross-section.
  • the filaments show a more elliptic cross-section as they are twisted around the polymer core 12. Rubber 26 is able to
  • This reference cord is compared with following invention cords: INV1 PET core 0.22 mm + 4 x (3x0.22 + 2x0.22) 4.5/6.0 SS INV2 PET core 0.28 mm + 4 x (3x0.22 + 2x0.22) 4.5/6.0 SS INV3 Polyamide core 0.45 mm + 4 x (3x0.22 + 2x0.22) 4.5/6.0 SS
  • the E-modulus decreases while both the total elongation at fracture or break and the structural elongation increase.
  • FIGURE 3 shows a tensile stress - elongation curve 30 of this invention cord INV3.
  • This curve 30 can be divided in three main parts. A first part is a non-linear part and has high elongations at low
  • the third part is non-linear and is the plastic part. The third part is characterized by a saturation phenomenon.
  • the E-modulus is the slope of the line 32, which coincides with the linear part.
  • the structural elongation Ax is the value on the abscissa value where the line 32 intersects with the abscissa axis.
  • the steel filaments of a hybrid elongation cord according to the invention usually have a diameter ranging from 0.03 mm to 0.80 mm, and preferably from 0.05 mm to 0.45 mm.
  • the steel filaments have a composition which is along the following lines: a carbon content ranging from 0.60 to 1.15 %, a manganese content ranging from 0.10 to 1.10 %, a silicon content ranging from 0J0 to 0.90 %, sulfur and phosphorous contents being limited to 0J5 %, preferably to 0.010 %; additional elements such as chromium (up to 0.20 -0.40 %), copper (up to 0.20 %), nickel (up to 0.30 %), cobalt (up to 0.20 %) and vanadium (up to 0.30 %) may be added.
  • additional elements such as chromium (up to 0.20 -0.40 %), copper (up to 0.20 %), nickel (up to 0.30 %), cobalt (up to 0.20 %) and vanadium (up to 0.30 %) may be added.
  • the final tensile strength Rm of the filaments depends upon its diameter: for example, a 0.2 mm normal tensile filament has a Rm of above about 2800 Mega Pascal (MPa), a 0.2 mm high tensile filament has a Rm of above about 3400 MPa, a 0.2 mm super high tensile filament has a Rm of above about 3600 MPa and a 0.2 mm ultra high tensile filament has a Rm of above about 4000 MPa.
  • MPa Mega Pascal
  • a 0.2 mm high tensile filament has a Rm of above about 3400 MPa
  • a 0.2 mm super high tensile filament has a Rm of above about 3600 MPa
  • a 0.2 mm ultra high tensile filament has a Rm of above about 4000 MPa.
  • the following steel composition is suitable: a carbon content ranging from 0.90 % to 1J0 %, a silicon content below 0.40 %, a manganese content below 0.50 % and a chromium content ranging from 0.10 % to 0.30 %.
  • the steel filaments are coated with a layer that promotes the adhesion to the rubber: copper alloy coatings such as brass (either low - 63.5 % Cu - and high copper - 67.5 % Cu) or a complex brass coating (Ni + brass, brass + Co ). Zinc coatings treated with silanes for rubber adhesion are also possible.
  • copper alloy coatings such as brass (either low - 63.5 % Cu - and high copper - 67.5 % Cu) or a complex brass coating (Ni + brass, brass + Co ).
  • Zinc coatings treated with silanes for rubber adhesion are also possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

An elongation cord (10) adapted for the reinforcement of elastorner structures has a polymer core (12) and three to nine strands (14) twisted around the core with a cord twisting step in a cord twisting direction. At least one of the strands (14) has a first group (16) of filaments (17, 18) and a second group (20) of filaments (21, 22). The first group (16) of filaments (17, 18) is twisted with a first twisting step in a first twisting direction and the second group (20) of filaments (21, 22) is twisted with a second twisting step in a second twisting direction. The first twisting step is different from the second twisting step or the first twisting direction is different from the second twisting direction, or both. The first twisting direction is equal to the cord twisting direction and the first twisting step is equal to the cord twisting step.

Description

HYBRID HIGH-ELONGATION CORP
Field of the invention.
The present invention relates to an elongation steel cord adapted for the reinforcement of elastomer structures, more particularly adapted for the reinforcement of the outermost plies of rubber tires.
Background of the invention.
Elongation cords, such as high-elongation cords, are used to reinforce the belt of a radial tire. This can be the radially outermost ply, also called a protection ply, or an intermediate layer. The protection ply is the ply which lies closest to the tread and thus to the surface. As a direct result of its position in a tire and as its name says, a protection ply fulfills a front line function in the protection of a tire: Every unevenness and every roughness on the roads are first felt and taken up by the protection ply.
The elongation cord can also be used in other parts of the belt as strips or covering the whole width of the belt. Very often the elongation cords are used under a nearly 0° angle with respect to the equatorial plane of the tire, so in a circumferential direction. In this way the elongation cord can stabilize the belt edges and also control the belt deformation e.g. in case of a wide belt (low aspect ratio tire). A typical example for that is the so-called super single drive axle tire, this is one single wide tire replacing the normal 2 tires on every side that transmit the motor power of a truck to the road.
Consequently, severe requirements are put on cords reinforcing these protection plies.
First of all, the elongation cords must have a high corrosion resistance, since moisture that is able to penetrate via cracks in the tread is most likely to arrive first at the protection ply. Full rubber penetration is a way to slow down the corrosion attack on steel cords.
The elongation cords must have - as their name expresses it - a high elongation before they break. Thirdly, the elongation cords must allow an easy manufacture of the tires when they are used under a nearly 0° angle with respect to the equatorial plane. For that reason a high elongation at low loads is required in order to follow the tire expansion when the green tire is not present, the elongation cords risk to get into contact with steel cord of other plies. Finally, the elongation cords must be cheap in manufacture. An example of a high-elongation cord is the well-known 3x7x0.22 SS high-elongation (HE) steel cord with an elongation at fracture of about 7.5%. Such a cord, however, is expensive to manufacture, due to its multi- strand construction and due to their small twisting steps, which are required to make the steel cord construction springy and obtain the final elongation.
The prior art has already provided alternative cords which provide the required elongation at fracture and which are less costly from a manufacturing point of view. However, while providing a cheaper alternative, prior art cords do not provide a good rubber penetration.
Summary of the invention. It is an object of the present invention to avoid the drawbacks of the prior art.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an alternative for a high-elongation cord.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a cord with a full rubber penetration.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide an elongation cord, which allows for an easy manufacture of the tire.
According to the invention there is provided an elongation cord adapted for the reinforcement of elastomer structures. The elongation cord comprises a core and three to nine strands twisted around the core with a cord-twisting step in a cord twisting direction. The core is a polymer core in order to provide the required elongation at fracture. At least one of the strands - and preferably more than one strand, and most preferably all of the strands - comprises a first group of filaments and a second group of filaments. These filaments and most preferably all of the strands - comprises a first group of filaments and a second group of filaments. These filaments are preferably steel filaments. The first group of filaments is twisted with a first twisting step in a first twisting direction. The second group of 5 filaments is twisted with a second twisting step in a second twisting direction. The first group of filaments is different from the second group of filaments in that either the first twisting step is different from the second twisting step, or the first twisting direction is different from the second twisting direction, or both. 10 The first twisting direction is equal to the cord twisting direction and the first twisting step is equal to the cord twisting step.
The first group of filaments may comprise between two and five filaments. The second group of filaments may comprise between one 15 and five filaments. Following combinations are possible: 2+1 3+1 4+1 5+1 2+2 3+2 4+2 5+2 2+3 3+3 4+3 5+3
20 2+4 3+4 4+4 5+4 2+5 3+5 4+5 5+5 It is hereby understood that the first number is the number of filaments of the first group and the second number is the number of filaments of the second group. 25 The polymer for the core may be selected amongst: A thermoplastic polyester based on polybutylenterephtalat or on polyetheleneterephtalat; A copolyester; 30 - A thermoplastic polyurethane; and - A polyamide. The polymer is preferably a polyester or a polyamide.
The invention cord has a structural elongation (blank, i.e. not 35 embedded in rubber) of at least 1.20%, e.g. at least 1.30. Such a relatively high level of structural elongation - at low or even no- existing loads - facilitates the manufacturing of the tire since it prevents the elongation cords in the outermost protection layer from contacting the steel cords in the rubber plies immediately under the 5 protection layer.
The invention cord has an elongation at break (blank, i.e. not embedded in rubber) of at least 5%.
10 An example of a cord according to the invention is: 0.45 polyamide + 4 x (3x0.23 + 2x0.23) 0.45 mm is the initial diameter of the polyamide core the pitch of the second group of two filaments in the final cord is 4.6 mm; 15 the pitch of the first group of three filaments in the final cord and of the final cord is 6.0 mm.
Preferably the polymer core has a thickness, which is at least equal to or greater than the smallest diameter of the filaments in the first
20 group or in the second group. Most preferably, the polymer core has a thickness, which is at least equal to or greater than two times the smallest diameter of the filaments in the first group or in the second group. The thicker the polymer core, the higher the structural elongation and
25 the higher the elongation at break.
Brief description of the drawings. The invention will now be described into more detail with reference to 30 the accompanying drawings wherein FIGURE 1 is a schematic drawing of a cross-section of an elongation cord according to the invention; FIGURE 2 is a cross-section of a effectively made elongation cord according to the invention; FIGURE 3 shows a typical stress-elongation curve of an invention cord.
5 Description of the preferred embodiments of the invention. FIGURE 1 shows a schematic drawing of a hybrid elongation cord 10 according to the invention. The elongation cord 10 has a polyester core 12. Four strands 14 have been twisted around core 12. Each strand 14 has two groups of steel filaments: A first group 16 with
10 steel filaments 17 and 18 and a second group 20 with steel filaments 21 and 22. The twisting pitch of the filaments 17 and 18 in the first group 16 is equal to the twisting pitch of the strands 14 around the polyester core 12. The twisting direction of the filaments 17 and 18 in the first group 16 is equal to the twisting direction of the strands 14
15 around the polyester core 12.
A hybrid elongation cord 10 can be manufactured as follows. First of all, the stranding takes place: All the strands 14 are manufactured individually and in advance. The way of manufacturing 20 the strands 14 has been disclosed in US-A-4,408,444. The result is a strand with two groups of steel filaments: - A first group of steel filaments 17, 18 which are untwisted or nearly untwisted, i.e. with a twisting step of more than 200 mm; - A second group of steel filaments 21, 22 that are twisted around 25 each other filaments with a same twisting step and in a same twisting direction as they are twisted around the first group of steel filaments. In a second step, the strands 14 are twisted around the polymer core 12 by means of a double-twisting device (often called buncher). 30 Since the steel filaments 17, 18 out of the first group 16 have a twisting step between 200 mm and an infinite value; this first group takes about the same twisting step and twisting direction as the twisting step and the twisting direction of the final cord 10. FIGURE 2 shows a more realistic picture of a cross-section of an effectively made elongation cord according to the invention. The steel cord 10 has a polyester core 12, which is no longer exact circular. The individual strands 14 around the polymer core 12 are not so easy to distinguish from one another and the filaments inside each strand of the first group and of the second group are no longer to be distinguished from each other, at least not from one single cross-section. The filaments show a more elliptic cross-section as they are twisted around the polymer core 12. Rubber 26 is able to
10 penetrate everywhere between the individual filaments.
Comparison tests. Following cord has been used as reference cord: REF 4 x (3x0.22 + 2x0.22) 4.5 / 6.0 SS without polymer core 15 4.5 mm is the strand twisting step in the final cord of the filaments of the second group 6.0 mm is the strand-twisting step in the final cord of the filaments of the first group and is also the final cord twisting step. 20 This reference cord is compared with following invention cords: INV1 PET core 0.22 mm + 4 x (3x0.22 + 2x0.22) 4.5/6.0 SS INV2 PET core 0.28 mm + 4 x (3x0.22 + 2x0.22) 4.5/6.0 SS INV3 Polyamide core 0.45 mm + 4 x (3x0.22 + 2x0.22) 4.5/6.0 SS
Figure imgf000008_0001
Figure imgf000009_0001
With increasing thickness of the polymer core, the E-modulus decreases while both the total elongation at fracture or break and the structural elongation increase.
INV3 has been experienced as the better invention cord. FIGURE 3 shows a tensile stress - elongation curve 30 of this invention cord INV3. This curve 30 can be divided in three main parts. A first part is a non-linear part and has high elongations at low
10 tensile stresses; this is the part of structural elongation. A second part is the middle part and is linear. This part occurs in the elastic field and follows the law of Hooke. The corresponding elongation is the elastic elongation. The third part is non-linear and is the plastic part. The third part is characterized by a saturation phenomenon.
15 The E-modulus is the slope of the line 32, which coincides with the linear part. The structural elongation Ax is the value on the abscissa value where the line 32 intersects with the abscissa axis. In a broader perspective, the steel filaments of a hybrid elongation cord according to the invention usually have a diameter ranging from 0.03 mm to 0.80 mm, and preferably from 0.05 mm to 0.45 mm. The steel filaments have a composition which is along the following lines: a carbon content ranging from 0.60 to 1.15 %, a manganese content ranging from 0.10 to 1.10 %, a silicon content ranging from 0J0 to 0.90 %, sulfur and phosphorous contents being limited to 0J5 %, preferably to 0.010 %; additional elements such as chromium (up to 0.20 -0.40 %), copper (up to 0.20 %), nickel (up to 0.30 %), cobalt (up to 0.20 %) and vanadium (up to 0.30 %) may be added.
The final tensile strength Rm of the filaments depends upon its diameter: for example, a 0.2 mm normal tensile filament has a Rm of above about 2800 Mega Pascal (MPa), a 0.2 mm high tensile filament has a Rm of above about 3400 MPa, a 0.2 mm super high tensile filament has a Rm of above about 3600 MPa and a 0.2 mm ultra high tensile filament has a Rm of above about 4000 MPa.
For the highest tensile strengths, the following steel composition is suitable: a carbon content ranging from 0.90 % to 1J0 %, a silicon content below 0.40 %, a manganese content below 0.50 % and a chromium content ranging from 0.10 % to 0.30 %.
The steel filaments are coated with a layer that promotes the adhesion to the rubber: copper alloy coatings such as brass (either low - 63.5 % Cu - and high copper - 67.5 % Cu) or a complex brass coating (Ni + brass, brass + Co ...). Zinc coatings treated with silanes for rubber adhesion are also possible.

Claims

1. An elongation cord adapted for the reinforcement of elastomer structures, said elongation cord comprising a core and three to nine strands twisted around said core with a cord twisting step in a cord twisting direction, said core being a polymer core, characterized in that at least one of said strands comprises a first group of filaments and a second group of filaments, said first group of filaments being twisted with a first twisting step in a first twisting direction, said second group of filaments being twisted with a second twisting step in a second twisting direction, said first twisting step being different from said second twisting step or said first twisting direction being different from said second twisting direction, or both, said first twisting direction being equal to said cord twisting direction, and said first twisting step being equal to said cord twisting step.
2. A cord according to claim 1 wherein said first group of filaments comprises between two and five filaments.
3. A cord according to any one of the preceding claims wherein said second group of filaments comprises between one and five filaments.
4. A cord according to any one of the preceding claims wherein said polymer is polyester or polyamide.
5. A cord according to any one of the preceding claims wherein all of said strands comprise such a first group of filaments and such a JO- second group of filaments.
6. A cord according to any one of the preceding claims wherein said cord has a structural elongation of at least 1.20%. 5
7. A cord according to any one of the preceding claims wherein said cord has an elongation at break of at least 5%.
8. A cord according to any one of the preceding claims wherein said 10 polymer core has a thickness which is equal or greater to the smallest diameter of the filaments in said first group or in said second group.
9. A cord according to claim 8 wherein said polymer core has a 15 thickness which is equal or greater to two times the smallest diameter of the filaments in said first group or in said second group.
20
PCT/EP2004/051252 2003-07-22 2004-06-25 Hybrid high elongation cord WO2005014925A1 (en)

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BRPI0412881-8A BRPI0412881B1 (en) 2003-07-22 2004-06-25 HIGH STRETCH HYBRID CORDONEL
EP04741899A EP1646750B1 (en) 2003-07-22 2004-06-25 Hybrid high elongation cord
DE602004013324T DE602004013324T2 (en) 2003-07-22 2004-06-25 HYBRID CORD HIGH DEPTH
US10/564,966 US7337604B2 (en) 2003-07-22 2004-06-25 Hybrid high elongation cord
PL04741899T PL1646750T3 (en) 2003-07-22 2004-06-25 Hybrid high elongation cord
ES04741899T ES2305791T3 (en) 2003-07-22 2004-06-25 HYBRID ROPE OF ELEVATED ELONGATION.

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EP03102245.2 2003-07-22

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CN (1) CN100558979C (en)
AT (1) ATE393259T1 (en)
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DE (1) DE602004013324T2 (en)
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WO2023247257A1 (en) 2022-06-20 2023-12-28 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Optimized architecture of a tyre of the heavy duty or civil engineering type

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CN100558979C (en) 2009-11-11
CN1826446A (en) 2006-08-30
US7337604B2 (en) 2008-03-04
EP1646750A1 (en) 2006-04-19
US20060179813A1 (en) 2006-08-17
DE602004013324T2 (en) 2009-07-09
BRPI0412881B1 (en) 2014-09-30
BRPI0412881A (en) 2006-10-03
DE602004013324D1 (en) 2008-06-05
ES2305791T3 (en) 2008-11-01
PL1646750T3 (en) 2008-09-30
EP1646750B1 (en) 2008-04-23
ATE393259T1 (en) 2008-05-15

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