WO2005013407A2 - Polymer batteries having thermal exchange apparatus - Google Patents

Polymer batteries having thermal exchange apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2005013407A2
WO2005013407A2 PCT/CA2004/001088 CA2004001088W WO2005013407A2 WO 2005013407 A2 WO2005013407 A2 WO 2005013407A2 CA 2004001088 W CA2004001088 W CA 2004001088W WO 2005013407 A2 WO2005013407 A2 WO 2005013407A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat sink
walls
sink material
electrochemical
resilient heat
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2004/001088
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2005013407A3 (en
Inventor
Michael Fogaing
Frédéric LAGÜE
Sébastien GEOFFROY
Guy Gilbert
Original Assignee
Avestor Limited Partnership
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Avestor Limited Partnership filed Critical Avestor Limited Partnership
Priority to AT04738007T priority Critical patent/ATE524851T1/en
Priority to CA2533447A priority patent/CA2533447C/en
Priority to EP04738007A priority patent/EP1665448B1/en
Priority to JP2006521356A priority patent/JP4842129B2/en
Publication of WO2005013407A2 publication Critical patent/WO2005013407A2/en
Publication of WO2005013407A3 publication Critical patent/WO2005013407A3/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0413—Large-sized flat cells or batteries for motive or stationary systems with plate-like electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0463—Cells or batteries with horizontal or inclined electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0565—Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6551—Surfaces specially adapted for heat dissipation or radiation, e.g. fins or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/528—Fixed electrical connections, i.e. not intended for disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to polymer batteries and more specifically to a thermal exchange apparatus for polymer batteries.
  • Rechargeable batteries manufactured from laminates of solid polymer electrolytes and sheet-like anodes and cathodes display many advantages over conventional liquid electrolyte batteries. These advantages include having a lower overall battery weight, a higher power density, a higher specific energy and a longer service life, as well as being environmentally friendly since the danger of spilling toxic liquid into the environment is eliminated.
  • Solid polymer electrochemical cell components include positive electrodes, negative electrodes and a separator material capable of permitting ionic conductivity, such as a solid polymer electrolyte sandwiched between each anode and cathode.
  • the anodes (or negative electrodes) and the cathodes (or positive electrodes) are made of material capable of reversibly intercalating alkali metal ions.
  • Such advanced battery systems typically produce a significant amount of heat which, if not properly dissipated, can result in a thermal runaway condition and irreversible damages to the electrochemical cells.
  • the thermal characteristics of a polymer electrochemical cell battery must therefore be understood and appropriately considered when designing a battery system suitable for use in commercial and consumer devices and systems.
  • the conventional approach of providing an external heat transfer mechanism for example is inadequate to effectively dissipate heat from internal portions of the polymer electrochemical cell battery.
  • Other characteristics of polymer battery technologies provide additional challenges for the thermal exchange mechanism.
  • solid polymer cell structures are subject to cyclical changes in volume as a consequence of variations in the state of charge of the cell. The total volume of such cells may vary by as much as five to six percent or more during charge and discharge cycling.
  • the volume change of the cells implies that the position of each cell of the battery relative to the protective casing will vary with the state of charge of the battery. Since heat generated by the individual cells of a polymer battery in high discharge mode must be channeled quickly and efficiently to the exterior of the battery for dissipation in order to maintain the battery temperature in an optimal temperature range, the heat exchange mechanism must be able to provide a path for thermal energy regardless of the particular position of each electrochemical cell within the casing of the polymer battery.
  • the invention provides a polymer electrochemical generator comprising: -a plurality of electrochemical cells, each comprising a plurality of electrochemical laminates and at least one current collecting terminal having arms adapted to receive said plurality of electrochemical laminates; -a resilient heat sink material positioned adjacent and in mechanical contact with the current collecting terminals, the resilient heat sink material being electrically resistive and thermally conductive; and -a thermally conductive structural housing having walls enclosing the plurality of electrochemical cells and the resilient heat sink material, an inner surface of at least one of the walls being positioned adjacent the resilient heat sink material and in thermal contact with the resilient heat sink material, an outer surface of the at least one wall adapted to dissipate thermal energy generated by the plurality of electrochemical cells.
  • the resilient heat sink material conforms at least partially to the contours of the current collecting terminal.
  • the resilient heat sink material may be made of different types of resilient material that are electrically resistive and thermally conductive, such as a silicone elastomer compound including a thermally conductive ceramic filler.
  • the heat sink material may include a low friction film positioned between the resilient heat sink material and the inner surface of the walls of the thermally conductive structural housing. This film is adapted to ease relative movement between the resilient heat sink material and the walls of the structural housing.
  • the invention further provides a polymer electrochemical generator comprising: -a plurality of electrochemical cells, each comprising a plurality of electrochemical laminates and at least one current collecting terminal having arms adapted to receive said plurality of electrochemical laminates; -resilient heat sink pads positioned adjacent and in mechanical contact with the current collecting terminals, the resilient heat sink pads being electrically resistive and thermally conductive; -a thermally conductive structural housing having walls enclosing the plurality of electrochemical cells and the resilient heat sink material, an inner surface of at least one of the walls being positioned adjacent the resilient heat sink material and in thermal contact with the resilient heat sink material, an outer surface of the at least one of the walls being adapted to dissipate thermal energy generated by the plurality of electrochemical cells; -a low friction film positioned between the resilient heat sink pads and the inner surface of the at least one of the walls, the film adapted to ease relative movement between the resilient heat sink pads and the at least one of the walls; and -a heat exchange apparatus positioned
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a polymer battery according to a non-limiting example of implementation of the present invention
  • Figure _t is a enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the polymer battery shown in Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 is a partial perspective view of a plurality of stacked electrochemical cells forming a polymer battery illustrating a possible example of implementation of the electrical current path for the battery;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a polymer battery according to a variant example of implementation of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a polymer battery according to another variant example of implementation of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown for illustration purposes a specific, non-limiting example of implementation of a polymer battery 10 configuration comprising a prismatic assembly of electrochemical cells 12 stacked together.
  • the polymer battery 10 comprises a housing or enclosure 14, a series of stacked electrochemical cells 12 each comprising a plurality of individual electrochemical laminates connected together in parallel by current collecting terminals 16 and 17, resilient heat sink pads 18 positioned adjacent the current collecting terminals 16 and 17 and in intimate mechanical contact with the terminals 16 and 17, and a pressure system 20 located at each end of the electrochemical cells stack and adapted to maintain under pressure the electrochemical cells 12.
  • Individual electrochemical laminates generally comprise an anode layer, a polymer electrolyte separator layer, a cathode layer and at least one current collector. Each electrochemical laminate typically has a thickness in the order of 80 to 300 microns.
  • the pressure system 20 is formed of a first plate 22 and a second plate 24, each comprising a plurality of cavities 26 in which springs 28 are installed.
  • the first plates 22 rest on the inner walls of the casing 14, the second plates 24 contact the lateral surfaces of electrochemical cells 30 and 32 located at each end of the electrochemical cells stack, and springs 28 push the adjacent plates 22 and 24 apart such that second plates 24 apply an even pressure on the entire electrochemical cells stack. Maintaining the electrochemical cells stack under pressure provides more intimate contacts between the various layers of each laminate forming an electrochemical cell 12, prevents potential delamination, generally improves the overall performance and life of a polymer battery having a prismatic configuration of electrochemical cells 12, and is therefore desirable.
  • pressure system 20 depicted in Figure 1 is only one example of a variety of different pressure systems capable of applying pressure onto an electrochemical cells stack. The scope of the present invention is not limited to any one particular implementation of the pressure system 20.
  • current collecting terminals 16 and 17 are current collection metallic devices having arms in a spaced apart relationship. These arms define a recess that receives the extremities of the cathode current collectors and/or of the anodes of each electrochemical laminate, such that the arms of the current collecting terminals 16, 17 overlap a portion of the electrochemical cells 12.
  • Current collecting terminals 16 and 17 are primarily adapted to conduct electrical current in and out of the electrochemical cells 12, but also to conduct thermal energy in and out of the electrochemical cells 12. The current collecting terminals may also provide electrical connection between two adjacent electrochemical cells 12.
  • Current collecting terminals 16 are crimped or otherwise connected to the length of the cathode current collector edges extending from one side of each laminate of an electrochemical cell 12.
  • Current collecting terminals 17 are crimped or otherwise connected to the length of the anode film layer edges extending from the opposite side of each laminate of an electrochemical cell 12.
  • Current collecting terminals 16 and 17 are preferably made of copper; however, other electrically conductive materials, such as aluminum, silver, brass and alloys thereof, are also suitable. As shown in Figure 3, current collecting terminals 16 are disposed along the entire length of the cathode side of each electrochemical cell 12 and current collecting terminals 17 are disposed along the entire length of the anode side of each electrochemical cell 12.
  • Electrical connection leads 40 are typically connected to terminals 16 and 17 to monitor the state of each electrochemical cell 12 through an electronic control system, and to conduct charge and discharge current in and out of the electrochemical cells 12 through a busbar (not shown) to outside positive and negative electrical connections of the battery when such a configuration is used.
  • Other electrical connection configurations are of course contemplated, such as direct series or parallel connections of the electrochemical cells 12 through the current collecting terminals 16 and 17 and to outside positive and negative electrical connections. During charge and discharge cycling, electrical current is conducted through the current collecting terminals 16 or 17, and through outside positive and negative electrical connections.
  • the electrochemical cells 12 produce an appreciable amount of thermal energy which is preferentially conducted along the anode and cathode films of each laminate, thus sharing the same conductivity path as that for the electrical energy produced, and through the current collecting terminals 16 or 17.
  • the current collecting terminals 16 and 17 respectively disposed along the edge portions of the extended anode and cathode film layers of each electrochemical cell 12 provide a site for establishing both electrical and thermal connectivity with the exterior.
  • Heat generated by the electrochemical cells 12 is transferred through the length of current collecting terminals 16 and 17, to an adjacently disposed heat sink material, such as resilient pads 18, and onto an adjacent wall of housing 14.
  • the current collecting terminals 16 and 17 provide a thermal flux path for transferring thermal energy Q between the electrochemical cells 12 and an electrically resistive, thermally conductive, resilient heat sink material 18.
  • This heat sink material 18 is located adjacent and in intimate mechanical contact with the current collecting terminals 16 and 17.
  • Thermal energy Q is then transferred from resilient heat sink material 18 to the inner surface of the wall of housing 14 positioned adjacent and in thermal contact with resilient heat sink material 18.
  • the housing 14 is a thermally conductive structure, made of metallic, plastic or composite material, such that thermal energy Q is transferred through its walls to an outer surface of the walls, which is adapted to dissipate the thermal energy Q generated by electrochemical cells 12.
  • resilient heat sink material 18 refers to a resilient material that permits heat to be conducted therethrough, yet is electrically resistive to the flow of current relative to the current path provided along the length of current collecting terminals 16 and 17.
  • the heat sink material is in the form of pads or ribbons of heat sink material extending along the length of the current collecting terminals 16 or 17.
  • the resilient heat sink material 18 is separated into a plurality of ribbons in the form of pads extending along the length of the current collecting terminals 16 and 17.
  • the heat sink pads 18 extend along the entire length of the current collecting terminals 16 and 17, such that the contact surface area is large for efficient thermal energy transfer.
  • Heat sink pads 18 have a thickness that permits a sufficient amount of thermal energy to be conducted therethrough but is resistive to electrical current relative to the preferred electrical current path provided by the current collecting terminals 16 and 17.
  • the thickness of heat sink pads 18 may vary between 2mm and 10mm.
  • the heat sink pads 18 illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 may be made of different types of electrically resistive, thermally conductive material.
  • the heat sink pads 18 are made of a silicone elastomer compound including a thermally conductive ceramic filler, such as Beryllium Oxide, Boron Nitride, and Alumina or aluminium oxide.
  • the silicone elastomer compound is a compressible yet slightly sticky material having a yielding consistency that enables it to conform at least partially to the contours of the current collecting terminals 16 and 17 as shown in Figures 1 and 2, thereby increasing the contact surface area between heat sink pads 18 and current collecting terminals 16 and 17.
  • the thermal conductivity coefficient of the silicone elastomer is typically about 2 W/m-K to 6 W/m-K.
  • the resiliency of the heat sink pads 18 also provides dampening for the electrochemical cells 12 against vibrations or mechanical shocks transferred from the housing 14.
  • each electrochemical cell 12 may vary significantly during charge and discharge cycling, for example by as much as eight percent. Even with an adequate pressure system 20 to maintain the electrochemical cells stack under pressure, the variation of volume of each electrochemical cell 12 implies a lateral movement of each cell 12. Although this lateral movement is relatively small for the cells positioned in the middle of the stack, it is quite significant for the cells positioned at the extremities of the stack, such as cells 30 and 32.
  • each cell 12 is compounded to displace an adjacent cell 12 towards the outside or, in the particular configuration of Figure 1 , towards the second plates 24 of the pressure system 20, such that the cells 30 and 32 positioned at the ends of the stack have a significant displacement relative to housing 14.
  • the pressure system 20 maintains pressure on the electrochemical cells stack but permits this lateral movement of each ceil 12.
  • the heat sink pads 18 are provided with thin backing films 33 having a low friction coefficient. These low friction films 33 allow the heat sink pads 18 to follow the lateral movement of the electrochemical cells 12.
  • Each thin backing film 33 is positioned between the respective heat sink pad 18 and the inner wall of housing 14, such that the assembly formed of the backing film 33 and the heat sink pad 18 may slide relatively smoothly along the inner wall of housing 14, thereby preventing undue mechanical strain on current collecting terminals 16 and 17 when movement of the latter occurs.
  • the backing film 33 and heat sink pad 18 assembly is juxtaposed to a restricted number of current collecting terminals 16 and 17, to further prevent mechanical strain on the current collecting terminals 16 and 17 when electrochemical cells 12 expand and contract.
  • the backing film 33 may be less thermally conductive than the heat sink pad 18, the film 33 still provides an uninterrupted thermal path for thermal flux Q.
  • the backing film 33 is shaped to confine the respective heat sink pad 18 to its respective current collecting terminals 16 and 17 and as such comprises a pair of arms 35 and 37 extending towards electrochemical cells 12. In the example of implementation shown in Figures 1 and 2, each arm 35, 37 extends between two adjacent cells 12. Backing film 33 therefore acts as a low friction support for the respective heat sink pad 18 and as a circumscribing element to position and maintain the heat sink pad 18 juxtaposed to its corresponding current collecting terminal or terminals 16, 17.
  • the backing film 33 is a 0.03 to 0.3mm thick polypropylene, polyimide or polyethylene film, shaped to circumscribe the respective heat sink pad 18.
  • the backing film 33 is a Kapton ⁇ film or an anodized aluminum film.
  • the material of the backing film 33 is chosen for its compatibility with the various components of the electrochemical cells, its thermal conductivity and its friction coefficient.
  • the backing film 33 may be replaced by a liquid or gel lubricant film applied either on the respective heat sink pad 18 or on the inner wail of housing 14 or both, for easing relative movements between the heat sink pad 18 and the inner wall of housing 14.
  • each heat sink pad 18 is associated with a pair of electrochemical cells 12.
  • each heat sink pad 18 may be juxtaposed or combined to a single electrochemical cell 12, or to three or more electrochemical cells 12, depending on the expansion rate and lateral displacements of the particular electrochemical cell design.
  • FIG 4 illustrates another variant example of implementation of a polymer battery according to the present invention, in which the housing 50 is provided with a heat exchange apparatus positioned adjacent the outer surface of its walls or integrated into its walls.
  • the heat exchange apparatus is adapted to increase the capacity of the outer surface of the walls for increased dissipation of thermal energy.
  • the housing 50 is provided with finned outer walls, including a series of projecting vanes 52 used for cooling. Air circulating around the projecting vanes 52 serves to dissipate the thermal energy generated by the electrochemical cells 12.
  • the amount of air circulating around the vanes 52 may be adjusted by using a fan (not shown), which produces an air stream around the finned outer walls of housing 50.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates yet another variant example of implementation of a polymer battery according to the present invention, in which the housing 54 includes channels 60 provided within the walls 56 and 58 adjacent the heat sink pads 18. Heat transfer or dissipation is accomplished by circulating a coolant fluid in liquid form through the channels 60 of housing 54. Thermal energy is transferred from the electrochemical cells 12 to the coolant via current collecting terminals 16 and 17 of the type described hereinabove. More specifically, the current collecting terminals 16, 17 are attached to the cells 12 and are in mechanical contact with the heat sink pads 18, which are in thermal contact with the housing walls 56 and 58 that transfer thermal energy to the circulating coolant liquid.
  • the rate at which heat is removed from the cells 12, or introduced into the cells 12 if heating of the cells 12 is required, is dependent in part on the temperature and flow rate of the coolant fluid circulating through channels 60.
  • the optimal operating temperature of the electrochemical cells of the battery is significantly higher than the ambient temperature.
  • heat may be supplied to the electrochemical cells through the heat exchange apparatus and the heat sink pads 18 in order to raise the temperature of the electrochemical cells or to maintain the electrochemical cells at their operating temperature.
  • electrochemical cells 12 are shown in the cell stack. Note however that a variety of cell stack configurations are possible without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. For example, up to thirty-two electrochemical cells 12 may be stacked within the housing 14 shown in Figure 1. The design of the electrochemical cells themselves may vary significantly, such that a larger number or a smaller number of electrochemical laminates may be stacked together.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

A polymer electrochemical generator having a plurality of electrochemical cells, each including at least one current collecting terminals, as well as a resilient heat sink material positioned adjacent and in mechanical contact with the current collecting terminals. The resilient heat sink material is electrically resistive and thermally conductive. A thermally conductive structural housing having walls encloses the plurality of electrochemical cells and the resilient heat sink material. The walls of the structural housing are positioned adjacent the resilient heat sink material and are in thermal contact therewith, for dissipating thermal energy generated by the plurality of electrochemical cells.

Description

Title: Polymer batteries having thermal exchange apparatus
Field of the invention
The present invention relates generally to polymer batteries and more specifically to a thermal exchange apparatus for polymer batteries.
Background of the invention
Rechargeable batteries manufactured from laminates of solid polymer electrolytes and sheet-like anodes and cathodes display many advantages over conventional liquid electrolyte batteries. These advantages include having a lower overall battery weight, a higher power density, a higher specific energy and a longer service life, as well as being environmentally friendly since the danger of spilling toxic liquid into the environment is eliminated.
Solid polymer electrochemical cell components include positive electrodes, negative electrodes and a separator material capable of permitting ionic conductivity, such as a solid polymer electrolyte sandwiched between each anode and cathode. The anodes (or negative electrodes) and the cathodes (or positive electrodes) are made of material capable of reversibly intercalating alkali metal ions.
Such advanced battery systems typically produce a significant amount of heat which, if not properly dissipated, can result in a thermal runaway condition and irreversible damages to the electrochemical cells. The thermal characteristics of a polymer electrochemical cell battery must therefore be understood and appropriately considered when designing a battery system suitable for use in commercial and consumer devices and systems. The conventional approach of providing an external heat transfer mechanism for example, is inadequate to effectively dissipate heat from internal portions of the polymer electrochemical cell battery. Other characteristics of polymer battery technologies provide additional challenges for the thermal exchange mechanism. For example, solid polymer cell structures are subject to cyclical changes in volume as a consequence of variations in the state of charge of the cell. The total volume of such cells may vary by as much as five to six percent or more during charge and discharge cycling. Such repetitive changes in the physical size of a cell significantly complicate the mechanical design and the thermal management strategy. The volume change of the cells implies that the position of each cell of the battery relative to the protective casing will vary with the state of charge of the battery. Since heat generated by the individual cells of a polymer battery in high discharge mode must be channeled quickly and efficiently to the exterior of the battery for dissipation in order to maintain the battery temperature in an optimal temperature range, the heat exchange mechanism must be able to provide a path for thermal energy regardless of the particular position of each electrochemical cell within the casing of the polymer battery.
Thus, there is a need in the polymer battery industry for a thermal exchange apparatus incorporated within a polymer battery casing which is adapted to efficiently channel thermal energy between the interior of the battery and the exterior of the battery.
Statement of the Invention
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a thermal exchange apparatus incorporated within a polymer battery casing that provides an efficient thermal path to dissipate the thermal energy generated by the electrochemical cells of a polymer battery regardless of the particular position of each electrochemical cell within the casing of the polymer battery.
According to a first broad aspect, the invention provides a polymer electrochemical generator comprising: -a plurality of electrochemical cells, each comprising a plurality of electrochemical laminates and at least one current collecting terminal having arms adapted to receive said plurality of electrochemical laminates; -a resilient heat sink material positioned adjacent and in mechanical contact with the current collecting terminals, the resilient heat sink material being electrically resistive and thermally conductive; and -a thermally conductive structural housing having walls enclosing the plurality of electrochemical cells and the resilient heat sink material, an inner surface of at least one of the walls being positioned adjacent the resilient heat sink material and in thermal contact with the resilient heat sink material, an outer surface of the at least one wall adapted to dissipate thermal energy generated by the plurality of electrochemical cells.
In a specific, non-limiting example of implementation, the resilient heat sink material conforms at least partially to the contours of the current collecting terminal. The resilient heat sink material may be made of different types of resilient material that are electrically resistive and thermally conductive, such as a silicone elastomer compound including a thermally conductive ceramic filler.
The heat sink material may include a low friction film positioned between the resilient heat sink material and the inner surface of the walls of the thermally conductive structural housing. This film is adapted to ease relative movement between the resilient heat sink material and the walls of the structural housing.
According to a second broad aspect, the invention further provides a polymer electrochemical generator comprising: -a plurality of electrochemical cells, each comprising a plurality of electrochemical laminates and at least one current collecting terminal having arms adapted to receive said plurality of electrochemical laminates; -resilient heat sink pads positioned adjacent and in mechanical contact with the current collecting terminals, the resilient heat sink pads being electrically resistive and thermally conductive; -a thermally conductive structural housing having walls enclosing the plurality of electrochemical cells and the resilient heat sink material, an inner surface of at least one of the walls being positioned adjacent the resilient heat sink material and in thermal contact with the resilient heat sink material, an outer surface of the at least one of the walls being adapted to dissipate thermal energy generated by the plurality of electrochemical cells; -a low friction film positioned between the resilient heat sink pads and the inner surface of the at least one of the walls, the film adapted to ease relative movement between the resilient heat sink pads and the at least one of the walls; and -a heat exchange apparatus positioned adjacent the outer surface of the at least one of the walls wherein the heat exchange apparatus is adapted to transfer thermal energy from the outer surface of the at least one of the walls to a fluid medium.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be better understood and other advantages will appear by means of the following description and the following drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a polymer battery according to a non-limiting example of implementation of the present invention;
Figure _t is a enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the polymer battery shown in Figure 1 ;
Figure 3 is a partial perspective view of a plurality of stacked electrochemical cells forming a polymer battery illustrating a possible example of implementation of the electrical current path for the battery;
Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a polymer battery according to a variant example of implementation of the present invention; and Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a polymer battery according to another variant example of implementation of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
In Figure 1 , there is shown for illustration purposes a specific, non-limiting example of implementation of a polymer battery 10 configuration comprising a prismatic assembly of electrochemical cells 12 stacked together. The polymer battery 10 comprises a housing or enclosure 14, a series of stacked electrochemical cells 12 each comprising a plurality of individual electrochemical laminates connected together in parallel by current collecting terminals 16 and 17, resilient heat sink pads 18 positioned adjacent the current collecting terminals 16 and 17 and in intimate mechanical contact with the terminals 16 and 17, and a pressure system 20 located at each end of the electrochemical cells stack and adapted to maintain under pressure the electrochemical cells 12. Individual electrochemical laminates generally comprise an anode layer, a polymer electrolyte separator layer, a cathode layer and at least one current collector. Each electrochemical laminate typically has a thickness in the order of 80 to 300 microns.
In the example shown in Figure 1 , one possible implementation of the pressure system 20 is depicted. The pressure system 20 is formed of a first plate 22 and a second plate 24, each comprising a plurality of cavities 26 in which springs 28 are installed. The first plates 22 rest on the inner walls of the casing 14, the second plates 24 contact the lateral surfaces of electrochemical cells 30 and 32 located at each end of the electrochemical cells stack, and springs 28 push the adjacent plates 22 and 24 apart such that second plates 24 apply an even pressure on the entire electrochemical cells stack. Maintaining the electrochemical cells stack under pressure provides more intimate contacts between the various layers of each laminate forming an electrochemical cell 12, prevents potential delamination, generally improves the overall performance and life of a polymer battery having a prismatic configuration of electrochemical cells 12, and is therefore desirable.
Note that the pressure system 20 depicted in Figure 1 is only one example of a variety of different pressure systems capable of applying pressure onto an electrochemical cells stack. The scope of the present invention is not limited to any one particular implementation of the pressure system 20.
In the specific example of implementation shown in Figures 1 and 2, current collecting terminals 16 and 17 are current collection metallic devices having arms in a spaced apart relationship. These arms define a recess that receives the extremities of the cathode current collectors and/or of the anodes of each electrochemical laminate, such that the arms of the current collecting terminals 16, 17 overlap a portion of the electrochemical cells 12. Current collecting terminals 16 and 17 are primarily adapted to conduct electrical current in and out of the electrochemical cells 12, but also to conduct thermal energy in and out of the electrochemical cells 12. The current collecting terminals may also provide electrical connection between two adjacent electrochemical cells 12.
Current collecting terminals 16 are crimped or otherwise connected to the length of the cathode current collector edges extending from one side of each laminate of an electrochemical cell 12. Current collecting terminals 17 are crimped or otherwise connected to the length of the anode film layer edges extending from the opposite side of each laminate of an electrochemical cell 12. Current collecting terminals 16 and 17 are preferably made of copper; however, other electrically conductive materials, such as aluminum, silver, brass and alloys thereof, are also suitable. As shown in Figure 3, current collecting terminals 16 are disposed along the entire length of the cathode side of each electrochemical cell 12 and current collecting terminals 17 are disposed along the entire length of the anode side of each electrochemical cell 12. Electrical connection leads 40 are typically connected to terminals 16 and 17 to monitor the state of each electrochemical cell 12 through an electronic control system, and to conduct charge and discharge current in and out of the electrochemical cells 12 through a busbar (not shown) to outside positive and negative electrical connections of the battery when such a configuration is used. Other electrical connection configurations are of course contemplated, such as direct series or parallel connections of the electrochemical cells 12 through the current collecting terminals 16 and 17 and to outside positive and negative electrical connections. During charge and discharge cycling, electrical current is conducted through the current collecting terminals 16 or 17, and through outside positive and negative electrical connections.
During electrical discharge, the electrochemical cells 12 produce an appreciable amount of thermal energy which is preferentially conducted along the anode and cathode films of each laminate, thus sharing the same conductivity path as that for the electrical energy produced, and through the current collecting terminals 16 or 17. As such, the current collecting terminals 16 and 17 respectively disposed along the edge portions of the extended anode and cathode film layers of each electrochemical cell 12 provide a site for establishing both electrical and thermal connectivity with the exterior.
Heat generated by the electrochemical cells 12 is transferred through the length of current collecting terminals 16 and 17, to an adjacently disposed heat sink material, such as resilient pads 18, and onto an adjacent wall of housing 14.
As is shown in Figure 2, the current collecting terminals 16 and 17 provide a thermal flux path for transferring thermal energy Q between the electrochemical cells 12 and an electrically resistive, thermally conductive, resilient heat sink material 18. This heat sink material 18 is located adjacent and in intimate mechanical contact with the current collecting terminals 16 and 17. Thermal energy Q is then transferred from resilient heat sink material 18 to the inner surface of the wall of housing 14 positioned adjacent and in thermal contact with resilient heat sink material 18. The housing 14 is a thermally conductive structure, made of metallic, plastic or composite material, such that thermal energy Q is transferred through its walls to an outer surface of the walls, which is adapted to dissipate the thermal energy Q generated by electrochemical cells 12.
Note that resilient heat sink material 18 as described herein refers to a resilient material that permits heat to be conducted therethrough, yet is electrically resistive to the flow of current relative to the current path provided along the length of current collecting terminals 16 and 17. In a specific example, the heat sink material is in the form of pads or ribbons of heat sink material extending along the length of the current collecting terminals 16 or 17.
The resilient heat sink material 18 is separated into a plurality of ribbons in the form of pads extending along the length of the current collecting terminals 16 and 17. The heat sink pads 18 extend along the entire length of the current collecting terminals 16 and 17, such that the contact surface area is large for efficient thermal energy transfer. Heat sink pads 18 have a thickness that permits a sufficient amount of thermal energy to be conducted therethrough but is resistive to electrical current relative to the preferred electrical current path provided by the current collecting terminals 16 and 17. By way of example, the thickness of heat sink pads 18 may vary between 2mm and 10mm.
The heat sink pads 18 illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 may be made of different types of electrically resistive, thermally conductive material. In one example, the heat sink pads 18 are made of a silicone elastomer compound including a thermally conductive ceramic filler, such as Beryllium Oxide, Boron Nitride, and Alumina or aluminium oxide. The silicone elastomer compound is a compressible yet slightly sticky material having a yielding consistency that enables it to conform at least partially to the contours of the current collecting terminals 16 and 17 as shown in Figures 1 and 2, thereby increasing the contact surface area between heat sink pads 18 and current collecting terminals 16 and 17. The thermal conductivity coefficient of the silicone elastomer is typically about 2 W/m-K to 6 W/m-K.
Note that the resiliency of the heat sink pads 18 also provides dampening for the electrochemical cells 12 against vibrations or mechanical shocks transferred from the housing 14.
As previously mentioned, solid polymer electrochemical cell structures are subject to cyclical changes in volume as a consequence of variations in the state of charge of the cell. The total volume of each electrochemical cell 12 may vary significantly during charge and discharge cycling, for example by as much as eight percent. Even with an adequate pressure system 20 to maintain the electrochemical cells stack under pressure, the variation of volume of each electrochemical cell 12 implies a lateral movement of each cell 12. Although this lateral movement is relatively small for the cells positioned in the middle of the stack, it is quite significant for the cells positioned at the extremities of the stack, such as cells 30 and 32. The volume change of each cell 12 is compounded to displace an adjacent cell 12 towards the outside or, in the particular configuration of Figure 1 , towards the second plates 24 of the pressure system 20, such that the cells 30 and 32 positioned at the ends of the stack have a significant displacement relative to housing 14. The pressure system 20 maintains pressure on the electrochemical cells stack but permits this lateral movement of each ceil 12.
As shown in Figure 2, in order to accommodate the lateral movements of the electrochemical cells 12 and their respective current collecting terminals 16 and 17, the heat sink pads 18 are provided with thin backing films 33 having a low friction coefficient. These low friction films 33 allow the heat sink pads 18 to follow the lateral movement of the electrochemical cells 12. Each thin backing film 33 is positioned between the respective heat sink pad 18 and the inner wall of housing 14, such that the assembly formed of the backing film 33 and the heat sink pad 18 may slide relatively smoothly along the inner wall of housing 14, thereby preventing undue mechanical strain on current collecting terminals 16 and 17 when movement of the latter occurs. The backing film 33 and heat sink pad 18 assembly is juxtaposed to a restricted number of current collecting terminals 16 and 17, to further prevent mechanical strain on the current collecting terminals 16 and 17 when electrochemical cells 12 expand and contract.
While the backing film 33 may be less thermally conductive than the heat sink pad 18, the film 33 still provides an uninterrupted thermal path for thermal flux Q. The backing film 33 is shaped to confine the respective heat sink pad 18 to its respective current collecting terminals 16 and 17 and as such comprises a pair of arms 35 and 37 extending towards electrochemical cells 12. In the example of implementation shown in Figures 1 and 2, each arm 35, 37 extends between two adjacent cells 12. Backing film 33 therefore acts as a low friction support for the respective heat sink pad 18 and as a circumscribing element to position and maintain the heat sink pad 18 juxtaposed to its corresponding current collecting terminal or terminals 16, 17. In a specific, non-limiting example, the backing film 33 is a 0.03 to 0.3mm thick polypropylene, polyimide or polyethylene film, shaped to circumscribe the respective heat sink pad 18. In another example, the backing film 33 is a Kapton© film or an anodized aluminum film. The material of the backing film 33 is chosen for its compatibility with the various components of the electrochemical cells, its thermal conductivity and its friction coefficient.
In a variant example of implementation of the present invention, the backing film 33 may be replaced by a liquid or gel lubricant film applied either on the respective heat sink pad 18 or on the inner wail of housing 14 or both, for easing relative movements between the heat sink pad 18 and the inner wall of housing 14.
In the aforementioned examples of implementation, each heat sink pad 18 is associated with a pair of electrochemical cells 12. Alternatively, each heat sink pad 18 may be juxtaposed or combined to a single electrochemical cell 12, or to three or more electrochemical cells 12, depending on the expansion rate and lateral displacements of the particular electrochemical cell design.
Figure 4 illustrates another variant example of implementation of a polymer battery according to the present invention, in which the housing 50 is provided with a heat exchange apparatus positioned adjacent the outer surface of its walls or integrated into its walls. The heat exchange apparatus is adapted to increase the capacity of the outer surface of the walls for increased dissipation of thermal energy. In Figure 4, the housing 50 is provided with finned outer walls, including a series of projecting vanes 52 used for cooling. Air circulating around the projecting vanes 52 serves to dissipate the thermal energy generated by the electrochemical cells 12. In a specific example, the amount of air circulating around the vanes 52 may be adjusted by using a fan (not shown), which produces an air stream around the finned outer walls of housing 50.
Figure 5 illustrates yet another variant example of implementation of a polymer battery according to the present invention, in which the housing 54 includes channels 60 provided within the walls 56 and 58 adjacent the heat sink pads 18. Heat transfer or dissipation is accomplished by circulating a coolant fluid in liquid form through the channels 60 of housing 54. Thermal energy is transferred from the electrochemical cells 12 to the coolant via current collecting terminals 16 and 17 of the type described hereinabove. More specifically, the current collecting terminals 16, 17 are attached to the cells 12 and are in mechanical contact with the heat sink pads 18, which are in thermal contact with the housing walls 56 and 58 that transfer thermal energy to the circulating coolant liquid. The rate at which heat is removed from the cells 12, or introduced into the cells 12 if heating of the cells 12 is required, is dependent in part on the temperature and flow rate of the coolant fluid circulating through channels 60. In some instances, such as in cold weather, the optimal operating temperature of the electrochemical cells of the battery is significantly higher than the ambient temperature. In such instances, heat may be supplied to the electrochemical cells through the heat exchange apparatus and the heat sink pads 18 in order to raise the temperature of the electrochemical cells or to maintain the electrochemical cells at their operating temperature.
In the polymer battery examples shown in Figures land 3 to 5, a series of six electrochemical cells 12 are shown in the cell stack. Note however that a variety of cell stack configurations are possible without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. For example, up to thirty-two electrochemical cells 12 may be stacked within the housing 14 shown in Figure 1. The design of the electrochemical cells themselves may vary significantly, such that a larger number or a smaller number of electrochemical laminates may be stacked together.
Although various embodiments have been illustrated, this was for the purpose of describing, but not limiting, the invention. Various modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art and are within the scope of this invention, which is defined more particularly by the attached claims.

Claims

We claim:
1. A polymer electrochemical generator comprising: -a plurality of electrochemical cells, each comprising a plurality of electrochemical laminates and at least one current collecting terminal, said current collecting terminal having arms adapted to receive said plurality of electrochemical laminates; -a resilient heat sink material positioned adjacent and in mechanical contact with said at least one current collecting terminal, said resilient heat sink material being electrically resistive and thermally conductive; and -a thermally conductive structural housing having walls enclosing said plurality of electrochemical cells and said resilient heat sink material, an inner surface of at least one of said walls being positioned adjacent said resilient heat sink material and in thermal contact with said resilient heat sink material, an outer surface of said at least one of said walls being adapted to dissipate thermal energy generated by said plurality of electrochemical cells.
2. A polymer electrochemical generator as defined in claim 1 , further comprising a low friction film positioned between the resilient heat sink material and the inner surface of said at least one of said walls, said film adapted to ease relative movement between said resilient heat sink material and said at least one of said walls.
3. A polymer electrochemical generator as defined in claim 1 , wherein said resilient heat sink material conforms at least partially to the contours of said at least one current collecting terminal.
4. A polymer electrochemical generator as defined in claim 1 , wherein said resilient heat sink material is separated into a plurality of ribbons extending along the length of said at least one current collecting terminal.
5. A polymer electrochemical generator as defined in claim 4, wherein each one of said plurality of ribbons comprises a band of low friction film positioned between the resilient heat sink material and the inner surface of said at least one of said walls.
6. A polymer electrochemical generator as defined in claim 5, wherein said band of low friction film comprises inward extensions adapted to circumscribe and separate each ribbon of resilient heat sink material from adjacent ribbons.
7. A polymer electrochemical generator as defined in claim 1 , further comprising a heat exchange apparatus positioned adjacent said outer surface of said at least one of said walls, said heat exchange apparatus being adapted to transfer thermal energy from said outer surface of said at least one of said walls to a fluid medium.
8. A polymer electrochemical generator as defined in claim 7, wherein said heat exchange apparatus comprises projecting vanes adapted to dissipate thermal energy generated by said electrochemical cells.
9. A polymer electrochemical generator as defined in claim 7, wherein said heat exchange apparatus includes channels provided within said at least one of said walls, wherein heat transfer is accomplished by circulating a coolant fluid in liquid form through said channels.
10. A polymer electrochemical generator as defined in claim 8, wherein air is circulated around said projecting vanes to dissipate thermal energy generated by said electrochemical cells.
11. A polymer electrochemical generator as defined in claim 1 , wherein said resilient heat sink material is in the form of pads extending along the length of said plurality of electrochemical cells.
12. A polymer electrochemical generator as defined in claim 1 , wherein said resilient heat sink material is a silicone elastomer compound including a thermally conductive ceramic filler.
13. A polymer electrochemical generator as defined in claim 12, wherein said thermally conductive ceramic filler is selected from the group consisting of Beryllium Oxide, Boron Nitride, Alumina and aluminium oxide.
14. A polymer electrochemical generator comprising: -a plurality of electrochemical cells, each comprising a plurality of electrochemical laminates and at least one current collecting terminal, said current collecting terminal having arms adapted to receive said plurality of electrochemical laminates; -resilient heat sink pads positioned adjacent and in mechanical contact with said at least one current collecting terminal, said resilient heat sink pads being electrically resistive and thermally conductive; -a thermally conductive structural housing having walls enclosing said plurality of electrochemical cells and said resilient heat sink material, an inner surface of at least one of said walls being positioned adjacent said resilient heat sink material and in thermal contact with said resilient heat sink material, an outer surface of said at least one of said walls being adapted to dissipate thermal energy generated by said plurality of electrochemical cells; -a low friction film positioned between said resilient heat sink pads and the inner surface of said at least one of said walls, said film adapted to ease relative movement between said resilient heat sink pads and said at least one of said walls; and -a heat exchange apparatus positioned adjacent said outer surface of said at least one of said walls, said heat exchange apparatus being adapted to transfer thermal energy from said outer surface of said at least one of said walls to a fluid medium.
PCT/CA2004/001088 2003-07-31 2004-07-23 Polymer batteries having thermal exchange apparatus WO2005013407A2 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT04738007T ATE524851T1 (en) 2003-07-31 2004-07-23 POLYMER BATTERIES WITH THERMAL EXCHANGE DEVICE
CA2533447A CA2533447C (en) 2003-07-31 2004-07-23 Polymer batteries having thermal exchange apparatus
EP04738007A EP1665448B1 (en) 2003-07-31 2004-07-23 Polymer batteries having thermal exchange apparatus
JP2006521356A JP4842129B2 (en) 2003-07-31 2004-07-23 Polymer battery with temperature converter

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/630,677 US20050026014A1 (en) 2003-07-31 2003-07-31 Polymer batteries having thermal exchange apparatus
US10/630,677 2003-07-31

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005013407A2 true WO2005013407A2 (en) 2005-02-10
WO2005013407A3 WO2005013407A3 (en) 2006-03-30

Family

ID=34103895

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CA2004/001088 WO2005013407A2 (en) 2003-07-31 2004-07-23 Polymer batteries having thermal exchange apparatus

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20050026014A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1665448B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4842129B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE524851T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2533447C (en)
WO (1) WO2005013407A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (87)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100880388B1 (en) * 2005-04-20 2009-01-23 주식회사 엘지화학 Housing Member For Battery Module
KR100937903B1 (en) * 2005-11-03 2010-01-21 주식회사 엘지화학 Sealed Type Heat Exchanging System of Battery Pack
KR101029021B1 (en) * 2005-12-02 2011-04-14 주식회사 엘지화학 Battery Module of High Cooling Efficiency
DE102007031674A1 (en) * 2007-07-06 2009-01-08 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Electrochemical energy storage unit
DE102007063190B4 (en) * 2007-08-06 2013-08-29 Daimler Ag Battery, consisting of several individual cells, in particular for a hybrid drive
DE102007063181B4 (en) * 2007-08-06 2010-12-30 Daimler Ag Single cell for a battery and method for its production
KR100998845B1 (en) * 2007-11-09 2010-12-08 주식회사 엘지화학 Battery Module of Heat Dissipation Property, Heat Exchange Member, and Large or Middle-sized Battery Pack Employed with the Same
US8628872B2 (en) * 2008-01-18 2014-01-14 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery cell assembly and method for assembling the battery cell assembly
US8426050B2 (en) * 2008-06-30 2013-04-23 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery module having cooling manifold and method for cooling battery module
US8486552B2 (en) * 2008-06-30 2013-07-16 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery module having cooling manifold with ported screws and method for cooling the battery module
US7883793B2 (en) * 2008-06-30 2011-02-08 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery module having battery cell assemblies with alignment-coupling features
US9759495B2 (en) * 2008-06-30 2017-09-12 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery cell assembly having heat exchanger with serpentine flow path
DE102008061277A1 (en) * 2008-12-10 2010-06-24 Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh energy storage
DE102009029629A1 (en) * 2008-12-15 2010-06-17 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc., Van Buren Township Heat exchanger for controlling the temperature of vehicle batteries
DE102009016868A1 (en) * 2009-04-08 2010-10-14 Li-Tec Battery Gmbh Galvanic cell, cell stack and heat sink
DE102009016867A1 (en) * 2009-04-08 2010-10-14 Li-Tec Battery Gmbh Accumulator with extended life
DE102009016866A1 (en) * 2009-04-08 2010-10-14 Li-Tec Battery Gmbh Electric energy storage device with flat cells and heat sinks
US9337456B2 (en) * 2009-04-20 2016-05-10 Lg Chem, Ltd. Frame member, frame assembly and battery cell assembly made therefrom and methods of making the same
DE102009018787A1 (en) * 2009-04-24 2010-10-28 Akasol Engineering Gmbh battery module
US20100275619A1 (en) * 2009-04-30 2010-11-04 Lg Chem, Ltd. Cooling system for a battery system and a method for cooling the battery system
US8663829B2 (en) * 2009-04-30 2014-03-04 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery systems, battery modules, and method for cooling a battery module
US8852778B2 (en) * 2009-04-30 2014-10-07 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery systems, battery modules, and method for cooling a battery module
US8403030B2 (en) * 2009-04-30 2013-03-26 Lg Chem, Ltd. Cooling manifold
US8663828B2 (en) * 2009-04-30 2014-03-04 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery systems, battery module, and method for cooling the battery module
DE102009027178A1 (en) * 2009-06-25 2010-12-30 SB LiMotive Company Ltd., Suwon Battery with electrode heat conductor for efficient temperature control
US8399118B2 (en) * 2009-07-29 2013-03-19 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery module and method for cooling the battery module
US8399119B2 (en) * 2009-08-28 2013-03-19 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery module and method for cooling the battery module
DE102009042270A1 (en) 2009-09-22 2011-03-31 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Isolation device and method for producing an insulation device
DE102009048249A1 (en) * 2009-10-05 2011-04-07 Li-Tec Battery Gmbh Energy storage unit with extended life
WO2011061931A1 (en) * 2009-11-17 2011-05-26 本田技研工業株式会社 Electric storage device
DE102009056607B4 (en) * 2009-12-02 2014-11-13 Amphenol-Tuchel Electronics Gmbh Cell connector cover and high current cell assembly with a cell connector cover
US9147916B2 (en) 2010-04-17 2015-09-29 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery cell assemblies
US8353315B2 (en) 2010-08-23 2013-01-15 Lg Chem, Ltd. End cap
US8469404B2 (en) 2010-08-23 2013-06-25 Lg Chem, Ltd. Connecting assembly
US8920956B2 (en) 2010-08-23 2014-12-30 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery system and manifold assembly having a manifold member and a connecting fitting
US8758922B2 (en) 2010-08-23 2014-06-24 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery system and manifold assembly with two manifold members removably coupled together
US9005799B2 (en) 2010-08-25 2015-04-14 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery module and methods for bonding cell terminals of battery cells together
JP5553163B2 (en) 2010-09-09 2014-07-16 ソニー株式会社 Battery unit
US8662153B2 (en) 2010-10-04 2014-03-04 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery cell assembly, heat exchanger, and method for manufacturing the heat exchanger
US8288031B1 (en) 2011-03-28 2012-10-16 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery disconnect unit and method of assembling the battery disconnect unit
US9070958B2 (en) * 2011-04-15 2015-06-30 Johnson Controls Technology Llc Battery system having an external thermal management system
US9178192B2 (en) 2011-05-13 2015-11-03 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery module and method for manufacturing the battery module
US9496544B2 (en) 2011-07-28 2016-11-15 Lg Chem. Ltd. Battery modules having interconnect members with vibration dampening portions
US9379420B2 (en) 2012-03-29 2016-06-28 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery system and method for cooling the battery system
US9105950B2 (en) 2012-03-29 2015-08-11 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery system having an evaporative cooling member with a plate portion and a method for cooling the battery system
US9605914B2 (en) 2012-03-29 2017-03-28 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery system and method of assembling the battery system
JP5585854B2 (en) * 2012-04-10 2014-09-10 株式会社デンソー Thermal conductivity structure of battery pack
US8852781B2 (en) 2012-05-19 2014-10-07 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery cell assembly and method for manufacturing a cooling fin for the battery cell assembly
DE102012213273B4 (en) * 2012-07-27 2021-08-05 Hydac Technology Gmbh Energy storage device
US9306199B2 (en) 2012-08-16 2016-04-05 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery module and method for assembling the battery module
EP2731164B1 (en) * 2012-11-12 2017-06-28 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. Battery system
US9083066B2 (en) 2012-11-27 2015-07-14 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery system and method for cooling a battery cell assembly
US8852783B2 (en) 2013-02-13 2014-10-07 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery cell assembly and method for manufacturing the battery cell assembly
DE102013206504A1 (en) * 2013-04-12 2014-10-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Battery module with at least two juxtaposed battery cells, method for producing a battery module and motor vehicle
US9647292B2 (en) 2013-04-12 2017-05-09 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery cell assembly and method for manufacturing a cooling fin for the battery cell assembly
EP2997622B1 (en) * 2013-05-15 2018-07-04 Valmet Automotive Oy System for packaging and thermal management of battery cells
US9184424B2 (en) 2013-07-08 2015-11-10 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery assembly
US9257732B2 (en) 2013-10-22 2016-02-09 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery cell assembly
US9444124B2 (en) 2014-01-23 2016-09-13 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery cell assembly and method for coupling a cooling fin to first and second cooling manifolds
DE102014002522B4 (en) 2014-02-22 2021-09-02 Man Truck & Bus Se Battery with an arrester cooling
US10084218B2 (en) 2014-05-09 2018-09-25 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery pack and method of assembling the battery pack
US10770762B2 (en) 2014-05-09 2020-09-08 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery module and method of assembling the battery module
FR3022402B1 (en) * 2014-06-13 2021-05-28 Ifp Energies Now MODULAR ELECTRIC BATTERY INCLUDING A THERMAL PROTECTION AND REGULATION DEVICE
US9484559B2 (en) 2014-10-10 2016-11-01 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery cell assembly
US9412980B2 (en) 2014-10-17 2016-08-09 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery cell assembly
US9786894B2 (en) 2014-11-03 2017-10-10 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery pack
US9627724B2 (en) 2014-12-04 2017-04-18 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery pack having a cooling plate assembly
US20200127345A2 (en) * 2015-07-24 2020-04-23 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Temperature conditioning unit, temperature conditioning system, and vehicle
US9960465B2 (en) 2015-07-30 2018-05-01 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery pack
US9755198B2 (en) 2015-10-07 2017-09-05 Lg Chem, Ltd. Battery cell assembly
JP6504014B2 (en) * 2015-10-16 2019-04-24 株式会社豊田自動織機 Storage pack
JP6597301B2 (en) * 2015-12-28 2019-10-30 株式会社豊田自動織機 Battery module fixing structure
JP6617583B2 (en) * 2016-01-29 2019-12-11 株式会社豊田自動織機 Battery module and battery pack
JP6589690B2 (en) * 2016-02-25 2019-10-16 株式会社豊田自動織機 Battery pack
DE112016006606B4 (en) * 2016-03-15 2021-01-28 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki Power storage device pack
TW201743498A (en) * 2016-04-01 2017-12-16 Ａ１２３系統有限責任公司 Battery module with heat dissipating encapsulant material and methods therefor
JP7064842B2 (en) * 2017-09-29 2022-05-11 本田技研工業株式会社 Battery pack
US20190143836A1 (en) * 2017-11-13 2019-05-16 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Thermal exchange plate of a vehicle battery pack and thermal exchange plate assembly method
KR102510294B1 (en) * 2018-09-28 2023-03-14 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 Solid Electrolyte and Method for Preparing the Same
DE102018130173A1 (en) * 2018-11-28 2020-05-28 Carl Freudenberg Kg Electrochemical energy storage cell
CN113508490B (en) * 2019-02-27 2023-06-23 本田技研工业株式会社 Fixing structure of end plate and battery device
AU2020236020A1 (en) 2019-03-14 2021-10-28 Generac Power Systems, Inc. Battery module thermal management
CN112117402A (en) * 2019-06-20 2020-12-22 南京德朔实业有限公司 Battery pack and method for manufacturing same
CN110659569B (en) * 2019-08-16 2024-07-26 平安科技（深圳）有限公司 Electronic signature method, device, storage medium and electronic equipment
JP7434197B2 (en) * 2021-02-08 2024-02-20 プライムプラネットエナジー＆ソリューションズ株式会社 assembled battery
DE102022105602A1 (en) 2022-03-10 2023-09-14 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Battery with heat conductor
WO2024147608A1 (en) * 2023-01-04 2024-07-11 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 Lithium secondary battery comprising heat-dissipating current collector

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4578324A (en) * 1984-10-05 1986-03-25 Ford Aerospace & Communications Corporation Active cooling system for electrochemical cells
US4614025A (en) * 1984-12-26 1986-09-30 Ford Aerospace & Communications Corporation Method for making a lightweight bipolar metal-gas battery
EP0665603A1 (en) * 1994-01-14 1995-08-02 Space Systems / Loral, Inc. Bimodal electric vehicle battery system
US6013388A (en) * 1998-06-17 2000-01-11 Hughes Electronics Corporation Battery cell terminal
US6117584A (en) * 1997-07-25 2000-09-12 3M Innovative Properties Company Thermal conductor for high-energy electrochemical cells

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3390014A (en) * 1960-05-11 1968-06-25 Eisler Paul Secondary electric batteries having plurality of thin flexible intermediate bipolar plates
US4314008A (en) * 1980-08-22 1982-02-02 General Electric Company Thermoelectric temperature stabilized battery system
JPS60160149A (en) * 1984-01-26 1985-08-21 Fujitsu Ltd Cooling system for integrated circuit device
FR2621175B1 (en) * 1987-09-29 1989-12-01 Accumulateurs Fixes ELECTRIC CHEMICAL GENERATOR IMPLEMENTING LITHIUM / OXYHALOGENIDE COUPLES
JP3972383B2 (en) * 1996-03-26 2007-09-05 日産自動車株式会社 Battery pack for electric vehicles
JPH10106531A (en) * 1996-09-25 1998-04-24 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Packaged flat battery
US6087036A (en) * 1997-07-25 2000-07-11 3M Innovative Properties Company Thermal management system and method for a solid-state energy storing device
JP4102957B2 (en) * 2000-03-13 2008-06-18 大阪瓦斯株式会社 Battery module case
US6705418B2 (en) * 2000-10-31 2004-03-16 Volvo Car Corporation Arrangement for providing a compact battery with autonomous cooling
KR100430123B1 (en) * 2000-12-28 2004-05-03 마쯔시다덴기산교 가부시키가이샤 Nonaqueous electrolyte battery and production method therefor
US6832849B2 (en) * 2001-12-04 2004-12-21 Ccs, Inc. Light radiation device, light source device, light radiation unit, and light connection mechanism
JP3591523B2 (en) * 2002-04-11 2004-11-24 日産自動車株式会社 Battery pack
JP2004047262A (en) * 2002-07-11 2004-02-12 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Thin battery and battery pack

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4578324A (en) * 1984-10-05 1986-03-25 Ford Aerospace & Communications Corporation Active cooling system for electrochemical cells
US4614025A (en) * 1984-12-26 1986-09-30 Ford Aerospace & Communications Corporation Method for making a lightweight bipolar metal-gas battery
EP0665603A1 (en) * 1994-01-14 1995-08-02 Space Systems / Loral, Inc. Bimodal electric vehicle battery system
US6117584A (en) * 1997-07-25 2000-09-12 3M Innovative Properties Company Thermal conductor for high-energy electrochemical cells
US6013388A (en) * 1998-06-17 2000-01-11 Hughes Electronics Corporation Battery cell terminal

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1665448A2 (en) 2006-06-07
CA2533447A1 (en) 2005-02-10
JP4842129B2 (en) 2011-12-21
ATE524851T1 (en) 2011-09-15
US20050026014A1 (en) 2005-02-03
WO2005013407A3 (en) 2006-03-30
EP1665448B1 (en) 2011-09-14
JP2007500920A (en) 2007-01-18
CA2533447C (en) 2013-12-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1665448B1 (en) Polymer batteries having thermal exchange apparatus
CA2297845C (en) Thermal conductor for high-energy electrochemical cells
CN108140916B (en) Battery module, and battery pack and vehicle including the same
US9444123B2 (en) Battery pack assembly
CA2297956C (en) Thermal management system and method for a solid-state energy storing device
EP1479127B1 (en) Temperature control apparatus and method for high energy electrochemical cells
JP5540070B2 (en) Battery module and battery pack
WO2015126204A1 (en) Battery pack for automobile having improved cooling efficiency
KR20120004322A (en) Battery module
KR20130031147A (en) Radiant heat plate for battery cell and battery module having the same
KR101545166B1 (en) Cooling Member for Battery Cell
WO2013157560A1 (en) Secondary battery, secondary battery module having built-in secondary battery, and assembled battery system having built-in secondary battery module
KR101658517B1 (en) Battery Module with Cooling Member
JP2023526041A (en) battery tab cooling
KR20170124304A (en) Battery module
CN115244759A (en) Battery cell with internal expansion relief and external cooling features
JP2021526725A (en) Battery module, battery pack including it and automobile
CN113711421B (en) Battery module and battery pack including the same
CN218101452U (en) Battery pack and energy storage power supply
EP4134993A1 (en) Electrochemical cell comprising electrodes a separartor and terminals with channels for fluid cooling it
WO2024009313A1 (en) Heat transfer in battery module assemblies
CN114946074A (en) Battery module, and battery pack and vehicle each including same

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2533447

Country of ref document: CA

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2006521356

Country of ref document: JP

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2004738007

Country of ref document: EP

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 2004738007

Country of ref document: EP