WO2005010357A1

WO2005010357A1 - Windmill/waterwheel equipment and method for utilizing even flow of upper surface

Info

Publication number: WO2005010357A1
Application number: PCT/JP2003/009354
Authority: WO
Inventors: Yasushi Iba
Original assignee: Green Power Corporation
Priority date: 2003-07-23
Filing date: 2003-07-23
Publication date: 2005-02-03
Also published as: WO2005008063A1; AU2003304371A1

Abstract

Equipment and a method for increasing the energy efficiency of windmill/waterwheel equipment which does not consume fossil fuel and accordingly never produce CO2 and has a priority over global environment since the equipment uses a renewable energy, wherein a flow on the upper surface of the equipment which has not been noted at all is also utilized. The embodiments for this idea are a drum container windmill shown in Fig. 5, a turbo fan windmill shown in Fig. 6, and a turbine windmill shown in Fig. 7. Equipment and a method for realizing a wind collecting and accelerating structure by generating separated swirl to increase an efficiency in windmill/water wheel equipment, the equipment wherein a turbine windmill with the wind collecting and accelerating structure shown by the embodiment in Fig. 14 is operated under operating conditions in a wide wind velocity range not found in a propeller windmill, develops no noise, and allows a protective net to be mounted for preventing men and domestic animals from being killed.

Description

Description Windmill / Waterwheel device and method using even the flow on the upper surface

Technical field

The present invention relates to a wind turbine / water turbine device that converts the energy of a fluid flow into mechanical rotational force that can be used for hydroelectric power generation, wind power generation, and the like. In particular, it is a windmill / water turbine device that features high energy conversion efficiency and good operability over a wide range from low to high flow speeds. Brief Description of Drawings

[Fig. 1] Low pressure area due to separation vortex at the upper part of the pumping pipe

[Figure 2] Effective upward flow

[Figure 3] Principle of accelerating wind collection structure

[Figure 4] Diagram showing installation of protective net

[Figure 5] Diagram showing an example of a drum can windmill

[Figure 6] Diagram showing an example of a turbofan wind turbine

[Figure 7] Diagram showing an example of a Turbi windmill

[Figure 8] Diagram showing an example of a wind collection acceleration structure

[Figure 9] Diagram showing an example of the implementation of the upper structure using the top wind of a turbine wind turbine with a wind collection acceleration structure

[Figure 10] Diagram showing an example of implementation of a rotor structure that uses the wind from the top surface of a turbine wind turbine with a wind collection acceleration structure [Fig. 11] Diagram showing some examples of stator structure using top wind of turbine wind turbine with wind collection acceleration structure

[Figure 12] Diagram showing the relationship between rotor and stator blade flow based on turbomachinery theory

[Figure 13] Diagram showing an example of implementation of the wind collection acceleration structure of a turbine wind turbine with a wind collection acceleration structure

[Figure 14] Diagram showing an example of the implementation of a turbine wind turbine with a wind collection acceleration structure

Background art

Wind turbines and water turbines have been developed as an important technology to efficiently convert the energy of the fluid flow into mechanical rotational energy. The propeller type is particularly used for efficiency in wind turbines. This is a type of wind turbine device that uses many exposed blades that rotate around a horizontal axis, and is used commercially in many places. However, such a windmill device also has some disadvantages

1. It cannot be operated safely under high wind conditions. The reason is that these wind turbine devices do not have sufficient strength and rigidity structurally.

2. In addition, they kill birds flying in the path of a rotating blade. It is difficult to take in the protection mechanism structurally.

3. Wind noise is noise.

Non-propeller-type wind turbines that use a rotor that rotates about a vertical axis are less efficient but have a third drawback, "3. Wind noise makes noise." I can overcome it. More advanced types can overcome disadvantages 1 and 2. An exemplary representative wind turbine device in this regard is US Patent No. 6015258. This wind turbine device uses a rotor that rotates about a vertical axis, and the rotor has a number of blades around which a number of fixed wind vanes or blades direct the flow of air through the rotor. It is arranged with the idea of bending towards the blade.

The fluid flow used in these vertical and horizontal axis type wind turbine devices is either a flow parallel to the axis or a flow perpendicular to the plane containing the axis. In order to further improve efficiency, a technology that uses the flow along the upper end surface of the shaft of the device is necessary.

This technology has not yet been used for water turbines as well as wind turbines. In addition, the technology that uses the flow on the upper surface becomes more effective when combined with the effect of collecting the flow, not just the upper surface.

For the above reasons, the present invention provides a wind turbine / water turbine device having features and advantages that have not been seen before.

Disclosure of the invention

In order to efficiently convert the energy of the flow to the mechanical rotation energy of the turbine, the flow in all directions is used to allow more flow to pass through the turbine and the turbine to achieve more efficient rotation. The challenge is a device and method for obtaining body shape. If this problem can be solved, the problem of how to actually manufacture wind turbines and turbines at a low cost must also be solved. In order to solve the problem, one is to use the flow on the top of the windmill and water turbine To do. Second, use the flow perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the windmill and water turbine. There was a preconception that the flow on the upper surface only passed through the upper surface of the device and could not be directly related to the rotating part. In addition, the flow perpendicular to the rotation axis paid attention only to the fluid part that directly collides with the blade or guide vane. When a circular pipe with a square pipe with open upper and lower surfaces is installed in the flow, a separation vortex is generated at the upper end of the pipe, the pressure drops due to the dissipation of kinetic energy, and negative pressure is often generated at the end of the pipe. Are known. 【refer graph1.

Placing a windmill / turbine device that uses this effect in the stream can improve the energy recovery by the windmill / turbine device from the stream. In the pumping pipe, the strength of the low-pressure part created by the separation vortex depends on the shape of the upper part! / Has been reported.

The low-pressure part generated on the upper surface allows a part of the flow after pushing the rotor blade surface of the windmill and water turbine device to escape from the upper surface, and at the same time has a great effect of drawing the flow from the surroundings. Furthermore, in order to increase the mechanical rotational force through the blade, it is effective that the flow in the rotating surface rises while pushing the blade, and escapes to the upper surface while drawing a spiral. See Figure 2.

These are the first ideas. On the other hand, if the flow in the rotating plane escapes horizontally behind the rotating shaft while pushing the blade, if the pressure behind the rotating shaft is low, not only the flow is good but also the surrounding flow Bow I Increases the effect of rubbing. Utilizing the flow outside of the flow directly involving the blade, The second idea is to create a low pressure part. To create this low-pressure section behind the rotating shaft, a flow separation vortex may be generated in this section. For this purpose, a flow like that shown in Fig. 3 occurs. These devices can be applied to wind turbines and water turbines either individually or in combination, but they are more effective than those not using them. Embodiments of the present invention will be described, including a method of manufacturing a windmill / turbine device at low cost to realize one or both of these devices. Devices that use the first device are limited to vertical axis windmills and turbines. Devices that use only the second carrier can be vertical or horizontal. The element that realizes the functional part by this second contrivance is called the wind collection acceleration structure.

Whether or not the flow can be operated over a wide range is possible due to the structural problems of the wind turbine and water turbine equipment, and it is possible if some parts are not subjected to a high load such as a propeller type blade. The present invention does not apply a high load to some members due to the configuration of the apparatus, and thus enables operation in a wide range of flow speeds. To prevent the blade from causing harm to livestock, a structure that can cover the rotating blade, such as a protective net covering the fan of a fan, is required. The present invention can realize a structure suitable for attaching a protective net. See Figure 4. The noise generated by the blades of the windmill and turbine is generated by the blades traversing the flow at high speed. The present invention produces no noise because the blades do not cross the flow at high speed. The present invention having these features will be described in detail below based on examples. Although the description is for a wind turbine device, the same can be applied to a water turbine device. The present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and there are various types of wind turbines and water turbines that can be realized in accordance with the gist of the present invention. A large number of wind turbines and water turbines are researched, designed, and manufactured.

1. Drum can windmill

Drum cans are manufactured as industrial products, and have a good marketability, regardless of whether they are unused Z or used. In the past, there have been many examples of the use of drums for the rotor part of a windmill in the Sabous windmill. It is also used for paddle windmills. Among such windmills using drums, a windmill using the present invention will be referred to as a drum can. See Figure 5.

Drums are standardized in size and are available worldwide. To take advantage of the first ingenuity, the drum can is cut out from the top. Drill a rectangular hole to take in the wind into the torso, which is structurally strong. Attach the blade inside the drum. This is a cantilevered wind turbine with a rotating shaft attached to the underside of the drum. It has features such as an extremely simple structure and easy acquisition of materials. In order to increase the output of the windmill shaft, it is possible to combine a wind collection acceleration structure in addition to the modification of the fuselage and the blade. The To prevent human killing, install protective nets.

2. Turbo fan windmill

Blowers are commonly used. One type, a centrifugal fan, attempts to blow air by pushing the gas sucked in from the center of the impeller to the outside of the impeller by centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the impeller. This gas flow is similar to that of the present invention with the flow direction reversed. Although not as similar as generators and motors, they have a similar concept. Among the centrifugal fans, the shape of the impeller of the so-called turbo fan has a shape suitable for utilizing the present invention in the rotor portion of the wind turbine. A windmill that uses a turbofan impeller to realize the present invention will be referred to as a turbofan windmill.

See Figure 6.

Turbofans are widely used fluid devices, and their design methods have been established based on experiments and theory. Although there is no experiment / theory as a rotor for a windmill, the theory of turbofan can be used for research and design concepts. Applying only the turbofan impeller directly to the windmill rotor is inefficient, but by arranging the blades radially in the center of the impeller, the vertical axis of conventional Savonius windmills, cross-flow windmills, etc. Efficiency exceeding that of a windmill can be obtained. Turbofan wind turbines have the following features when using a turbofan impeller, such as an extremely simple structure and easy material acquisition. There is no problem in designing and manufacturing any size without diverting the turbofan impeller. To increase the output of the windmill shaft, besides the shape and arrangement of the blade placed in the center of the impeller, it is also possible to combine a wind collection acceleration structure It is possible. To prevent human killing, install protective nets.

3. Turbine wind turbine

A wind turbine that makes full use of the first device was derived from the concept of the Francis turbine. In the Francis turbine, water guided by a water pipe from a reservoir at a high place passes through a spiral chamber and fixed vane stay vanes in the same plane, and then flows through a movable guide vane to the flow angle to the runner. After adjusting, enter the runner. The flow entering the runner while turning decreases the relative velocity gradually within the runner and loses angular momentum during the application of pressure.In the design state, the flow at the runner outlet completely loses the turning component and moves in the axial direction. It is exhaled. That is, the decrease in the angular momentum is the torque given to the runner. The flow leaving the runner enters the suction tube. The suction pipe effectively uses the difference between the height of the runner outlet and the water discharge surface as a head, and also works to reduce the discharge loss by converting kinetic energy to pressure energy. Assuming a vertical axis wind turbine that has a radial turbine structure instead of an axial flow turbine among the types of gas turbines, the wind flow in the horizontal plane passes between the turbine stationary vanes and the flow rate and inflow angle to the rotor blades. Is adjusted and enters the rotor while turning. Then, a mechanical rotational force is applied to the rotor while the relative speed gradually decreases and the pressure increases in the rotor. After that, it is sucked upward or discharged backward. In other words, it is possible to devise a wind turbine that has a wind turbine shape similar to that of a radial turbine and a flow model that reverses the flow direction of the Francis turbine. In order to make full use of the first device, the wind turbine derived from the Francis turbine and the radial turbine is called a turbine wind turbine as one of the wind turbines that realize the present invention. To do. See Figure 7.

The shape of the turbine wind turbine is similar to that of US Patent No. 6015258, but the invention is completely different. The windmill of US Patent No. 6015258

1992 Japanese patent application 4-44560 once-through wind turbine with guide vanes

And

(2) Study on improvement of efficiency of Savonius wind turbine (1st report)-The same concept as the wind turbine described in-Characteristics of wind collector-.

The feature is that a plurality of guide vanes are arranged spirally at equal intervals on the outer periphery of the wind turbine rotor. With this configuration, the wind along the plane perpendicular to the rotor axis is reduced and accelerated by the guide vanes, aiming to improve the output and efficiency of the wind turbine. In these wind turbines, the inference is centered on the ratio of the number of blades of the rotor to the number of guide blades, and is claimed. On the other hand, the turbine turbine is a completely different invention between the Francis turbine and the wind turbine derived from the Radianore turbine. Turbine wind turbines are designed and manufactured using an approach based on the theory of the cascade of stationary and moving blades. The wind-acceleration structure based on the second contrivance consists of two or more axially extending guide vanes radially or spirally arranged at regular intervals along the outer circumference of the rotor or stator, and separated vortices at the leading edge. Has a shape that facilitates the generation of The wind collecting acceleration structure of the present invention realizes the wind collecting acceleration from the front of the rotor or the stator by forming a low-pressure portion at the rear of the rotor or the stator due to the separation vortex. This wind collection accelerating structure can be equipped with a protective net to prevent human and animal killing, which is also useful for safe operation. This wind acceleration Since the structure can be made independent as well as integrated with the wind turbine, it can be used as it is with other vertical axis wind turbines. See Figure 8.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

A detailed description will be given of a wind turbine device having a large use range of the present invention. As examples, the drum wind turbine, the turbofan wind turbine, and the turbine wind turbine have been described above. Each of these is useful, but will also create new wind turbines that are equally useful and derived from this patent. A turbine wind turbine having a wind collection acceleration structure is suitable for the detailed description of the present invention because of its high energy conversion efficiency and adaptability to a wide range of wind turbine sizes.

Turbine wind turbines with a wind-acceleration structure consist of the following components: a.

b. Rotor structure using top wind

c Stator structure using top wind

d, wind collection acceleration structure

[Fig. 9] shows an example of the implementation of a superstructure that utilizes the wind from the top of a turbine wind turbine with a wind collection acceleration structure.

[FIG. 10] is an example of an embodiment of a rotor structure using the top wind of a turbine wind turbine with a wind collection acceleration structure.

[Fig. 11] shows a top view of a turbine wind turbine with a wind collection acceleration structure. 3 is some of the embodiments of the data structure. The rotor and stator of a turbine with a wind collection accelerating structure have a close relationship in its configuration. In the present invention, the relationship is derived based on the theory of the Francis turbine and used for design and manufacture. It uses a pre-existing rotor that rotates about a vertical axis, which has a number of blades around which a number of fixed wind vanes or blades direct the air flow toward the rotor blades. Wind turbines that are arranged with a bend concept use an experimental approach rather than a theoretical approach. The rotor and stator of the turbine wind turbine are used as the basis for shape determination and performance evaluation based on the theory of turbomachinery shown in [Fig. 12].

[Fig. 13] is an example of the implementation of the wind collection acceleration structure of a turbine wind turbine with a wind collection acceleration structure. An example of a turbine wind turbine with a wind collection acceleration structure having the above configuration is shown in [Fig. 14]. Industrial applicability

Windmills and water turbines have a long history as a power source for mankind. Usage after the Industrial Revolution was less important than before. In view of renewable energy, which does not consume fossil fuels and emits no CO 2 at all, the importance of this technology to the global environment will increase in the future. In particular, the use of wind power has attracted attention, and there has been a demand for an excellent invention of a wind turbine device for wind power generation. Yes. Compared to the conventional propeller type, the operating conditions are wider and the noise-free property, which does not kill livestock, makes it very suitable for future use of wind power.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. Wind turbines and water turbines that convert the energy of a stream into mechanical rotation that can be used for hydroelectric power generation and wind power generation.

2. A drum windmill that is an embodiment of the device relating to “1.

3. A turbofan wind turbine that is an embodiment of the device relating to “1.

4. A turbine wind turbine which is an embodiment of the device relating to “1.

5. Regarding wind turbines and water turbines that convert the energy of fluid flow into mechanical rotation that can be used for hydroelectric power generation and wind power generation, etc. And how.

6. A protective net to prevent human injury that can be attached to equipment or structures made from claims 1. and 5.