WO2005003047A1 - Vitre pouvant etre chauffee par une lumiere invisible - Google Patents

Vitre pouvant etre chauffee par une lumiere invisible Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2005003047A1
WO2005003047A1 PCT/IB2004/050994 IB2004050994W WO2005003047A1 WO 2005003047 A1 WO2005003047 A1 WO 2005003047A1 IB 2004050994 W IB2004050994 W IB 2004050994W WO 2005003047 A1 WO2005003047 A1 WO 2005003047A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pane
light
glass
invisible light
windscreen
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2004/050994
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Dietrich Bertram
Augustinus Gregorius Henricus Meijers
Walter Schlager
Lukas KÜPPER
Original Assignee
Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh
Koninklijke Philips Electronics N. V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh, Koninklijke Philips Electronics N. V. filed Critical Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh
Publication of WO2005003047A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005003047A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10339—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S1/00—Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/023—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices including defroster or demisting means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/006—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with materials of composite character
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/28—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/0033—Heating devices using lamps
    • H05B3/0038—Heating devices using lamps for industrial applications
    • H05B3/0042—Heating devices using lamps for industrial applications used in motor vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • H05B3/86—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields the heating conductors being embedded in the transparent or reflecting material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S1/00—Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/40—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer
    • C03C2217/43—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase
    • C03C2217/46—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase characterized by the dispersed phase
    • C03C2217/48—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase characterized by the dispersed phase having a specific function
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
    • H05B2214/02—Heaters specially designed for de-icing or protection against icing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pane which can be heated by means of invisible light
  • the windscreen can be heated by means of a lamp radiating infrared light.
  • the lamp is positioned under the windscreen.
  • the lamp has to burn for an extended period of time in order to warm the windscreen because the heating capacity is low-efficiency.
  • red light is radiated forwards from the windscreen. This compromises safety because red light characterizes the rear end of a car.
  • the car windscreen must be transparent and clear of any materials that may interrupt vision. Condensation and ice form on the windscreen in cold weather conditions, drastically reducing visibility and, therefore, preventing safe driving.
  • the pane possesses a material which is permeable to visible light and which absorbs invisible light. The material absorbs the light and converts the light energy into heat. This heat is transmitted to the pane which is then warmed up, and any ice and condensation on the pane are also warmed up and cleared.
  • the material which is permeable to visible light and which absorbs invisible light is simply applied to the pane as a film coating.
  • the pane is advantageously designed as a laminated pane with a film which possesses a material which is permeable to visible light and which absorbs invisible light.
  • One such multilayer pane is used as a windscreen in vehicles.
  • a plastic film which is integrated into one such windscreen is impregnated with a dye which possesses the absorbent material.
  • the material advantageously absorbs invisible light in the infrared range, hereinafter also referred to as the IR range, with a wavelength greater than 750 nm.
  • the material advantageously absorbs invisible light in the ultraviolet range, hereinafter also referred to as the UV range, with a wavelength of less than 400 nm.
  • UV light is rich in energy and can, therefore, achieve a high thermal output.
  • the material advantageously absorbs invisible light in the IR and UV range. A higher thermal output can be achieved by using radiation from both ranges simultaneously.
  • the light is advantageously coupled into the pane. Consequently, a light source is positioned in such a way that the light is conducted directly into a pane.
  • the light source is positioned on or in the pane, the light is coupled directly into the pane.
  • the light is advantageously coupled in via a fibre glass element or another optical fibre.
  • the light can be coupled to several ends of the windscreen from a centrally positioned light source via several optical fibres. Distribution of the absorbent material advantageously possesses a gradient.
  • the absorption gradient is low at a point of entry of the light so as to absorb strong radiation a little and higher at points which are further away from the point of entry of the light so as to absorb weak radiation more. Consequently, areas which are far apart can also be warmed well with radiation which has already been weakened, or places which are in particular need of being heated up can be warmed up more.
  • the light advantageously strikes the surfaces of an absorber, which possesses the absorbent material, at a specified angle of incidence.
  • This type of absorber is designed as a film, layer, coating or partial coating.
  • the light, or light beam or light radiation to be more precise, is guided within a pane at a specified angle, which is known as wave guiding.
  • the pane is advantageously used as a windscreen, with at least one glass element, in a vehicle.
  • One such pane can be used in a vehicle as a front or rear windscreen made from glass or plastic.
  • Such windscreens, with at least one glass element are designed as panes of multilayer glass with an outer pane of glass, an inner pane of glass and a plastic film in-between, which is impregnated with a dye.
  • Light is used to heat the window pane, so as to clear any condensation or ice. This is achieved by either using infrared-absorbent material and a light source which radiates infrared light and which is integrated into the pane, hereinafter referred to as the pane of glass or glass, or alternatively by means of a material, which absorbs near UV light, and a near UV light source. Irrespective of the method, the absorber must be transparent for the visible range so as to preserve the transparency of the window, and the light source must radiate within the invisible portion of the spectrum so as to avoid any reduction in contrast. Light is used which is invisible to the human eye so as to increase the temperature of the glass by means of an absorbent material which is integrated into the pane of glass.
  • the light which can be used is radiated under 380 nm, in the near UV range, from indium, gallium and nitrogen-based light-emitting diodes, or InGaN or GaN-LEDs for short.
  • This light can be absorbed by many different materials which do not absorb light in the visible range, which means that they are completely transparent to the eye.
  • the material is either distributed in the glass as an intermediate layer or is applied to the glass as a coating. To come back to the near UV light, this light is distributed within the glass by means of total internal reflection, and the absorbing material converts the light energy into heat.
  • near IR light e.g. with a wavelength above 750 nm
  • a near IR-absorbent material e.g. with a wavelength above 750 nm
  • the LEDs or other light sources are positioned in such a way that the light is effectively conducted into the windscreen and distributed by means of total reflection.
  • the absorbent material can also be distributed within the window with a density gradient in order to create different thermal outputs across the windscreen. Even though this type of pane is primarily used as a windscreen in a vehicle, this principle can also be transferred to other applications. It works on the principle that the light is distributed within the glass by means of internal total reflection.
  • the absorbent material must have a concentration gradient, where possible, so that the thermal output is distributed homogeneously within the pane of glass. It may also be applied with precise distribution in cases where some areas require higher temperatures than other areas. Light may also be conducted between the light source and the window glass by means of glass fibres or other optical fibres.
  • Fig. 1 shows a heatable pane of multilayer glass with lamps radiating infrared light
  • Fig. 2 shows a heatable pane
  • Fig. 3 shows an absorption spectrum for an IR light-absorbent dye
  • Fig. 4 shows a further absorption spectrum for another IR light-absorbent dye.
  • Fig. 1 shows a pane of multilayer glass 1 with an outer pane of glass 2, an inner pane of glass 3 and a plastic film 4 in-between, which is impregnated with a dye.
  • the dye possesses UV light and IR light-absorbent material.
  • the plastic film 4 acts as an absorption layer.
  • Lamps 5, 6, 7 and 8 radiating infrared light are distributed evenly along the side face 9 of the pane of multilayer glass 1 and radiate infrared light with a wavelength of 909 - 910 nm.
  • Fig. 2 shows a heatable pane 21 with a strip of glass 22 and an absorption layer 23.
  • the strip of glass 22 is spray-coated with an IR light-absorbent dye.
  • IR radiation with a wavelength of 950 nm is admitted into the pane of glass. Precisely because of the abso ⁇ tion of the layer 23, the light creates energy in the layer 23 which increases the temperature of the abso ⁇ tion layer 23 and, thus, the temperature of the pane of glass 22.
  • Fig. 3 shows an abso ⁇ tion spectrum in which abso ⁇ tion is applied across the wavelength.
  • One such abso ⁇ tion spectrum is achieved with a coating of Epolight 2063, dye no. IV-62B, recommended for laser diodes and coatings with maximum abso ⁇ tion at 910 nm, with dark green powder, abso ⁇ tion coefficient 74.
  • the melting point is 147°C to 150°C.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur une vitre (1) qui peut être chauffée par une lumière invisible (5,6,7,8). La vitre est pourvue d'un matériau (4) perméable à la lumière visible et qui absorbe la lumière invisible. Le matériau (4) absorbe la lumière et convertit l'énergie lumineuse en chaleur. Cette chaleur est transmise à la vitre qui est ensuite réchauffée, ce qui entraîne le réchauffement puis l'élimination de toute formation de givre et de condensation sur la vitre.
PCT/IB2004/050994 2003-07-03 2004-06-24 Vitre pouvant etre chauffee par une lumiere invisible WO2005003047A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03101990 2003-07-03
EP03101990.4 2003-07-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005003047A1 true WO2005003047A1 (fr) 2005-01-13

Family

ID=33560842

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2004/050994 WO2005003047A1 (fr) 2003-07-03 2004-06-24 Vitre pouvant etre chauffee par une lumiere invisible

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2005003047A1 (fr)

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010063434A1 (fr) * 2008-12-03 2010-06-10 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Dispositif de chauffage de vitre, vitre chauffante
FR2967117A1 (fr) * 2010-11-09 2012-05-11 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Dispositif de degivrage et de desembuage d'un pare-brise d'un vehicule automobile
WO2012142085A1 (fr) 2011-04-13 2012-10-18 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Dérivés de nucléoside 2'-substitués et procédés d'utilisation de ceux-ci pour le traitement de maladies virales
WO2012142075A1 (fr) 2011-04-13 2012-10-18 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Dérivés de nucléosides à substitution 2'-azido et leurs procédés d'utilisation pour le traitement de maladies virales
WO2014059901A1 (fr) 2012-10-17 2014-04-24 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Dérivés nucléosides à substitution 2'-cyano et leurs méthodes d'utilisation pour le traitement de maladies virales
WO2014062596A1 (fr) 2012-10-17 2014-04-24 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Dérivés de nucléosides 2'-méthyle substitués et leurs procédés d'utilisation dans le traitement de maladies virales
WO2014078463A1 (fr) 2012-11-19 2014-05-22 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Dérivés de nucléoside à substitution alkynyle en position 2 pour le traitement de maladies virales
WO2014206529A1 (fr) * 2013-06-25 2014-12-31 Daimler Ag Dégivreur
WO2015121372A1 (fr) * 2014-02-12 2015-08-20 Jaguar Land Rover Limited Système de vitre et véhicule l'intégrant
WO2015148746A1 (fr) 2014-03-28 2015-10-01 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Dérivés nucléosidiques 4'-substitués utilisés comme inhibiteurs de la transcriptase inverse du vih
DE102014006532A1 (de) * 2014-05-05 2015-11-05 Robert Csaky Vorrichtung zum Enteisen einer transparenten Scheibe
WO2016084008A1 (fr) * 2014-11-25 2016-06-02 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Procédé et dispositif de chauffage d'une surface
GB2536237A (en) * 2015-03-09 2016-09-14 Jaguar Land Rover Ltd Windshield monitoring system
WO2017137111A1 (fr) * 2016-02-11 2017-08-17 Jaguar Land Rover Limited Système comprenant un élément transparent ou translucide
WO2017223012A1 (fr) 2016-06-20 2017-12-28 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Composés nucléosides cycliques à substitution phosphate et leurs procédés d'utilisation pour le traitement de maladies virales
WO2018091542A1 (fr) 2016-11-21 2018-05-24 Idenix Pharmaceuticals Llc Dérivés de nucléosides cycliques à substitution phosphate pour le traitement de maladies hépatiques
US10107948B2 (en) 2014-11-25 2018-10-23 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Method and article for emitting radiation from a surface
WO2019169077A1 (fr) * 2018-02-28 2019-09-06 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Procédé et dispositif permettant d'émettre un rayonnement ou de la chaleur à partir d'une surface
JP2019192645A (ja) * 2019-06-14 2019-10-31 大日本印刷株式会社 発熱板に用いられる導電体付シート
CN113597032A (zh) * 2021-08-10 2021-11-02 北京航空航天大学 一种兼容隐身防覆冰材料及其制备方法和应用
WO2022013408A2 (fr) 2020-07-16 2022-01-20 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Dérivés de cyanoénone cycliques utilisés en tant que modulateurs de keap1
DE102021113571A1 (de) 2021-05-26 2022-12-01 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Reflexionsanzeigesystem für Kraftfahrzeug mit Enteisungsfunktion

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DE10110142A1 (de) * 2001-03-02 2002-11-14 Exatec Gmbh & Co Kg Heizeinrichtung für eine Fahrzeugscheibe
WO2004037620A1 (fr) * 2002-10-25 2004-05-06 Antonio Giannotti Dispositif pour ameliorer la fonction de desembuage et de degivrage

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DE4122462A1 (de) 1991-07-06 1993-01-14 Johann Binder Kraftfahrzeug
EP1029827A1 (fr) * 1997-11-13 2000-08-23 Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. Verre absorbant les ultraviolets/l'infrarouge, feuille de verre absorbant les ultraviolets/l'infrarouge, feuille de verre absorbant les ultraviolets/l'infrarouge recouverte d'un film colore, et verre a vitres pour vehicules
DE10110142A1 (de) * 2001-03-02 2002-11-14 Exatec Gmbh & Co Kg Heizeinrichtung für eine Fahrzeugscheibe
WO2004037620A1 (fr) * 2002-10-25 2004-05-06 Antonio Giannotti Dispositif pour ameliorer la fonction de desembuage et de degivrage

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Cited By (35)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010063434A1 (fr) * 2008-12-03 2010-06-10 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Dispositif de chauffage de vitre, vitre chauffante
FR2967117A1 (fr) * 2010-11-09 2012-05-11 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Dispositif de degivrage et de desembuage d'un pare-brise d'un vehicule automobile
WO2012142085A1 (fr) 2011-04-13 2012-10-18 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Dérivés de nucléoside 2'-substitués et procédés d'utilisation de ceux-ci pour le traitement de maladies virales
WO2012142075A1 (fr) 2011-04-13 2012-10-18 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Dérivés de nucléosides à substitution 2'-azido et leurs procédés d'utilisation pour le traitement de maladies virales
WO2014059901A1 (fr) 2012-10-17 2014-04-24 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Dérivés nucléosides à substitution 2'-cyano et leurs méthodes d'utilisation pour le traitement de maladies virales
WO2014062596A1 (fr) 2012-10-17 2014-04-24 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Dérivés de nucléosides 2'-méthyle substitués et leurs procédés d'utilisation dans le traitement de maladies virales
WO2014078463A1 (fr) 2012-11-19 2014-05-22 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Dérivés de nucléoside à substitution alkynyle en position 2 pour le traitement de maladies virales
WO2014206529A1 (fr) * 2013-06-25 2014-12-31 Daimler Ag Dégivreur
WO2015121372A1 (fr) * 2014-02-12 2015-08-20 Jaguar Land Rover Limited Système de vitre et véhicule l'intégrant
GB2523310A (en) * 2014-02-12 2015-08-26 Jaguar Land Rover Ltd Windowpane system and vehicle incorporating same
GB2543880B (en) * 2014-02-12 2018-05-16 Jaguar Land Rover Ltd Windowpane system and vehicle incorporating same
GB2523310B (en) * 2014-02-12 2017-05-03 Jaguar Land Rover Ltd Windowpane system and vehicle incorporating same
GB2543880A (en) * 2014-02-12 2017-05-03 Jaguar Land Rover Ltd Windowpane system and vehicle incorporating same
WO2015148746A1 (fr) 2014-03-28 2015-10-01 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Dérivés nucléosidiques 4'-substitués utilisés comme inhibiteurs de la transcriptase inverse du vih
DE102014006532A1 (de) * 2014-05-05 2015-11-05 Robert Csaky Vorrichtung zum Enteisen einer transparenten Scheibe
KR20170090445A (ko) * 2014-11-25 2017-08-07 사빅 글로벌 테크놀러지스 비.브이. 표면을 가열하기 위한 방법 및 장치
KR20210064420A (ko) * 2014-11-25 2021-06-02 사빅 글로벌 테크놀러지스 비.브이. 표면을 가열하기 위한 방법 및 장치
KR102451711B1 (ko) 2014-11-25 2022-10-06 사빅 글로벌 테크놀러지스 비.브이. 표면을 가열하기 위한 방법 및 장치
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