WO2004104973A1

WO2004104973A1 - A design method of a motion picture system for viewing from a train travelling in tunnel

Info

Publication number: WO2004104973A1
Application number: PCT/CN2004/000304
Authority: WO
Inventors: Xiao Zhu
Original assignee: Xiao Zhu
Priority date: 2003-05-23
Filing date: 2004-04-02
Publication date: 2004-12-02
Also published as: CN1538366A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a motion picture system for viewing from a train travelling in tunnel, in particular to a design method of the system. In this design method, based on the frame number m per second, which is deteremined by the requirement of the effect, the width of every picture is defined by the Formulas (I), (II); the interval between two pictures is defined by the following formula: dn = v0t / 36 + at(n + 0.75) / 10m + at2 / 20000 (cm). In the motion picture system using the forenamed method, the width of pictures is varying as a funtion of speed and accleration of the train, therefore it could essentially play the movie during the whole journey of the train except on the railroad platform.

Description

Design method of tunnel train random moving surface system

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for designing a tunnel train animation surface system and a tunnel train animation surface system designed by the method. The tunnel train follow-up surface system can be implemented in subways, subsea train tunnels, manned train lanes in coal mines, and long cave train tunnels. It can also be a ground railway with soundproof walls on both sides Implemented along the line.

In this animated surface system, a series of gradually changing pictures are set on the two walls along the tunnel. Using the visual persistence effect, dynamic psychology, and the inverse principle of film playing, when driving at a certain speed, People in the car will see the effect of the movie. This system can be used to develop new media for advertising release, and can also be used to play feature films, landscape films, etc., so that passengers can enjoy art while riding. You can also use it to play advertisements to make full use of existing facilities to create greater profits for the subway or railway system. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION As early as the 1940s, some people have proposed ideas similar to the tunnel train follow-up surface system. For more than half a century, the number of patent applications in this field has been no less than one hundred, and many patents have been granted. But so far, this screening method has not been implemented. The main reason hindering the implementation of this technology is that no one has proposed the size of the picture that can achieve a better projection effect. In CN1337661A, "the size of each picture is consistent with a window of the train", this oversimplified design does not take into account human visual retention time or train speed, so it is impossible to achieve the projection effect. Some people have further proposed to design the picture size according to the principle of 24 frames per second. Especially in CN1326174A, it is specifically proposed that the size of the picture is 0.8 X 0.6 meters, and the width between each picture is 0.05 to 0.1 meters. This size is estimated based on the speed of 80 kilometers per hour. It is not applicable when the speed of the train is not 80 kilometers, and the screen spacing is not feasible, and the effect similar to that of a movie cannot be achieved during implementation.

With the development of the advertising industry and related technologies, setting up a viewable picture in the subway tunnel has become a achievable profit growth point. The key lies in the following: under the premise of various uniform speed changes of trains, based on different displays (movies , Animation cartoon, etc.), how to determine the size of the picture. The technical parameters of the movie related to the present invention include: 16 frames / second for silent movie pictures, 24 frames / one second for voice movie pictures, and 72 frames / second maximum movie projection speed. In the case of showing a movie at 24 frames per second, in a unit time of 1/24 τ seconds, 1/4 (some projectors are 1/4. 4) of time is used for the pull (simultaneous shading), a 2 13/4 of the time the picture is still (there is a blackout in the middle so that each picture appears twice on the screen), the flicker frequency of the picture τ is 48 times / second; the visual retention time of the human is 1/30 to 1 / 5 seconds; The number of frames per second of the animation effect depends on the display requirements. At the same time, the ultra-thinness of the light box makes it safe to match the various boundaries of the subway tunnel. The present invention uses these parameters to determine the size of the aforementioned picture. Disclosure of the invention The object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel train follow-up animation system, which enables passengers to enjoy short films and cartoons when the train runs at a constant speed and variable speed, so the full length of the tunnel is fully utilized. By equating the linear length of the train with the time length of the film state in the film show, the effect that the present invention attempts to achieve is realized by a novel method of designing a tunnel train follow-up animation system. The main feature of this design method is that on the premise of determining the number of display frames per second according to the effect requirements, the sum of the width of the screen and the distance between the two screens (that is, the center points of two adjacent screens) are determined according to the speed of the train. the distance between). The picture width here refers to the size of the picture in the direction of the train. Since the speed of the train at the same position between the two stations is basically the same each time, the relationship between the speed and the sum of the width and the distance can be converted into the relationship between the position and the sum of the width and the distance. For example, the distance The relationship between the distance of the starting station and the sum of the width and spacing.

The function relationship between the sum of the picture width and the distance L between the two pictures and the train speed V is derived below.

Suppose: The speed of V is the speed of the running train within T seconds. (Km / h), the speed is V τ (km / h), the acceleration is a, the distance is S, and the instantaneous speed is V i (i takes an integer value from 1 to T),

In the case of a specific value of i, using 1 / m (m is a number greater than 2.5 and less than 105.6, which is equal to the number of frames per second of the display screen) seconds, the displacement of the train is calculated as follows: 3v _; a 3 ²

m 2 mm 2 m ^l

One foot α 2 m

S,

One s 1 +

minus 2

Then: In each unit time, the displacement of the train and passengers is

FREE 2

1

+ 3

m 2 m ²

V a 1

m 2 m ²

Where n = l, 2, 3 m

The displacement Si of the train in the i-th second can also be divided into m equal parts, and the approximate value L _{i £ of} L _ni can be obtained.

L _ni may be regarded as the width that can be occupied by the n-th picture in the i-th second, including the picture width 1 and the picture interval d.

When acceleration a = 0, that is, under the condition that the train runs at a constant speed, V _Q = Vi,

(1) can be simplified as: L _ni = ^ • (3)

m

(2) The equation can be simplified as: (4) _{m τ τ /} 1,, ν ₀ 1000,, 27.8

Bay ¹ ”L _i -L _ni -v ₀ {kin Ih) x one (s) = ― (cm I ms) x {ms) v. (cm)

m 36 m m

Compared with a movie played at a normal speed, when m = 24 (that is, displaying 24 frames per second), you can get the effect equivalent to a movie. At this time:

V _n 100000 _{Λ Λ CO r} (,

L _i = L _ni = V ₀ (¾) x ^ (s) = ¾ χ = 1.158V ₀ (cm),

24 3600

Since the speed V as a function of the second i is a very unrealistic i: method, the subscript i in the above formulas (1) and (2) can be removed to obtain:

m 2m

And when a = 0

Where V is the instantaneous speed of the train, and the starting point of L is at the speed V.

Under the premise of clear requirements for different display effects, according to the present invention, the method for designing the tunnel train random animation surface system includes the following steps:

a. Determine the sum L of the width of each picture and the distance between the two pictures (that is, the distance between the center points of two adjacent pictures);

b. Determine the spacing of each picture d;

c. Determine the height h of each picture;

It is characterized in that the above step a further comprises:

a. l determine the speed V and acceleration a of trains in one station between two adjacent platforms a;

a 2 According to the speed V of each place determined in step a. l, the above formula (5) and formula (6) are used to calculate the sum L of the picture width and the picture space of each place.

b. The space between the screens is actually similar to the effect of a film shading film. The shading of the same screen can be achieved by the stroboscopic lighting of the screen (when m = 24, the stroboscopic frequency can be 48 times per second or more.) ), The shading slider of the screen is replaced by a matte black space between the screens.

Per unit time is assumed that 1 / m, the first setting screen, then set the _{_{^{pitch, n = v n + at 2}}} /2 = [v 0 (km / h) + a (m / s 2) is d. (N / m + 3 / 4m) ( s)] - t (ms) + a (m / s 2) t 2 (ms) / 2 = v 0 - 100000/3600000 (cm / ms) -t (ms) + a ^{- 100/1000000 (cm / ms 2)} - 1000 / m (ms) ■ (. n + 0 75) + 100at 2/2000000 (cm)

_{= v 0 t / 36 + at} (n + 0. 75) / l 0m + at 2/20000 (cm)

The movie is shown at a normal speed in comparison with the movie. Every 1/24 second of the unit time, 1/4 of the time is used to pull the film (simultaneous shading), t = l / 24'l / 4 (s) = 10.42 (s), ' If m = 24, d _n = 0.289v ₀ + 0.0434an + 0.038a (cm)

If m = 16, d _n = 0.289v ₀ + 0.0651an + 0.054a (cm)

¾ a = 0, t = 10.42 (ms), that is, when the train moves at a constant speed, d _n = v ₀ t / 36 (cm)

At this time, d _n = L _n / 4 (cm)

In the unit time l / m seconds, if the linear length of the train is sufficient (in the case of a high speed and a small value of m), you can also set 2 identical pictures in a unit time l / m seconds. Surface and two gaps, the secondary shading of film projection is intuitively applied instead of stroboscopic lighting.

c. The values obtained from a and b, and the width of the picture is obtained by subtracting d from L; you can use the aspect ratio (1: 1, 38,1: 1.66,3: 4) or golden section ratio commonly used in movies and television A width is calculated from the height h of the picture.

When determining the screen width, factors such as the size of the train window and the viewing distance must be considered. When determining the picture height, the train window size (width of about 144cm) and the viewing distance must also be considered (depending on the tunnel limit and the body limit, the viewing distance is about 320cm, and the current TV viewing distance is 4 to 6 times the screen height) And other factors.

When the train runs between stations, the acceleration a = 0, if m is 24 (that is, 24 frames per second), then,

L = ν ₀ (, ^ ¾;) χ 丄 (s) = ^ x ^^ = 1.158Vo (cm)

h 24 ^J 24 3600 ³

The following table shows the correspondence between the vehicle speed and the screen size (the aspect ratio is 3: 4, and the interval time is t = 10.42). Case of milliseconds)

The size of the picture and the spacing is directly determined by the vehicle speed and the number of frames per second m, and the value of m can change with the significant change in the speed per hour. In order to maximize the screen capacity, the present invention proposes that: when the vehicle speed is 60 km / h or more, the value of m is about 24; when the vehicle speed is less than 60 km / h, the value of m is about 16; it can also be adopted according to specific requirements The specific value of m.

For the train's variable speed section, the physical quantities (speed, acceleration, Time), and then use the formula introduced by the present invention to calculate the screen size. The picture of the acceleration section changes from small to large, and the picture of the deceleration section changes from large to small, which is similar to the method of circle-in and circle-out of a movie and transforming a movie.

The following table lists the correspondence between the speed of the vehicle and the screen size in accordance with the aforementioned formula (where n is generally the ordinal number of unit time from the initial speed, during the shifting process at 60 per hour) Kilometres are the change points of n and m values, m = 24 when the speed is greater than 60 kilometers per hour, and m = 16 when the speed is less than 60 kilometers per hour; the interval takes t = 10.42 milliseconds

When arranging pictures according to the method of the present invention, the center lines and reference points of the front and back pictures should be kept strictly at the same corresponding position of the human retina.

At the appropriate position at the beginning and end of a group of pictures, a photoelectric switch can be set to control the lighting of the picture. The position of the switch depends on the time when the first car enters the picture section, the time when the last car leaves the picture section, and the picture lighting system Power up to stable response time. This can both reduce light pollution in the tunnel and save electricity.

Under the premise that the train broadcasting system can be modified, the broadcasting of each car can also be controlled with a photoelectric switch, so that the passengers of each car can hear the corresponding simultaneous dubbing while seeing the picture. Brief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 shows a plan view of three pictures in a tunnel train follow-up surface system of the present invention. The best way to implement the present invention is shown in the figure. The tunnel train follow-up animation system of the present invention includes a series of pictures arranged along the railway line. A continuously changing pattern is drawn on the screen. When a train runs at a certain speed, the rider sees an animated image. The present invention is characterized in that the sizes of these pictures are determined using the design method of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 indicates the tunnel wall, 2 indicates the screen, and arrow A indicates the direction of the train. Each size is-

L The sum of the width of the picture and the picture space (that is, the distance between the center points of two adjacent pictures)

1 screen width

d frame spacing

h Picture height

The sum of the screen width and the space is obtained by using the above formula (5) or (6).

According to a preferred embodiment of the method for designing an animated surface system of a tunnel train according to the present invention, according to the vehicle speed v. Processed and frame interval t (t integrated site-specific factors can be determined preferably), calculation screen pitch _{_{d n = v 0 t / 36}} + at (n + 0. 75) / 1 Om + at 2/20000 (cm)

Then determine the picture width l = L d according to the calculated sum L, d,

And use the existing aspect ratio to find the height of each picture.

For the train's variable speed section, each physical quantity (speed, acceleration, time) of the variable speed can be measured in the field, and then the screen size can be calculated using the formula introduced by the present invention. The acceleration section picture changes from small to large, and the deceleration section picture changes from large to small, similar to the circle-in-circle method of a movie.

According to a preferred implementation form of the tunnel train follow-up animation surface system of the present invention, the picture is preferably a light box.

When arranging pictures according to the method of the present invention, the center lines and reference points of the front and back pictures should be kept strictly at the same corresponding position of the human retina. The tunnel train follow-up surface system of the present invention is preferably installed in a subway. Industrial applicability Since the method of the present invention is used to design a tunnel train with an animation surface system, the width of the screen changes as a function of the speed and acceleration of the train. Therefore, movies can be played on the entire journey or selected sections of the subway except the platform In particular, advertisements can be displayed for a long period of time, which increases the benefits for the subway company and increases the fun of passengers when riding.

Claims

Rights request

1. Under the premise of determining the number of display frames per second m according to the effect requirements (2.5 <m <105.6, the value of m can change with the significant change in vehicle speed), the design method of the tunnel train with the animation surface system includes the following steps :

b. determine the spacing d of each picture;

c. determine the height h of each picture;

It is characterized in that the above step a further comprises:

a.l determine the speed V and acceleration a of the trains in one station between two adjacent platforms;

a.2 According to the speed of each place determined in step a.l, use the following formula to divide by time: „= ^ + (2-1

m) 2 · m 'or equally divided according to the length =-m +-2 ^ m ~, and then substitute m and n values (n is generally the ordinal number of unit time from the initial speed) to calculate the screen width everywhere Sum L (the distance between the center points of two pictures) with the picture space, and determine the number of pictures in a unit time 1 / m second;

Where V is the instantaneous speed of the train, and the position along the line corresponding to this speed is between the start and end of the distance L.

2. The design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the position corresponding to the speed V is at the starting point of the distance L.

3. The design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the position corresponding to the speed V is at the midpoint of the distance L.

4. The design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the position corresponding to the speed V is at the end of the distance L.

5. The design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: according to the vehicle speed V. Time between frame and frame t (t can be determined by comprehensively optimizing the scene factors; compared with the normal speed of movie projection, t can take the value of 10.42 milliseconds), calculate the frame interval d _n = v ₀ t / 36 + at (n + 0.75) / 10m + at ^2/20000 (cm) in accordance with the re-calculated and L, d determination screen width / = ϋ

Based on the width 1, the height h of each picture is obtained by using the existing aspect ratio (1: 1.38, 1: 1.66, 3: 4, or golden ratio).

6. A tunnel train follow-up surface system, including a series of pictures set along the tunnel, each The screens are separated by a certain distance, and are characterized in that the size of the screen is determined by using the design method of claim 1.

7. The animated surface system according to claim 6, further comprising: determining a picture width 1, a picture interval d, and a picture height ho by using the method in claim 5.

8. The system according to claim 6 or 7, wherein: the picture is a light box.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that the system is arranged in a subway.