WO2004103411A1 - Migraine remedy - Google Patents
Migraine remedy Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004103411A1 WO2004103411A1 PCT/NZ2004/000095 NZ2004000095W WO2004103411A1 WO 2004103411 A1 WO2004103411 A1 WO 2004103411A1 NZ 2004000095 W NZ2004000095 W NZ 2004000095W WO 2004103411 A1 WO2004103411 A1 WO 2004103411A1
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- migraine
- plant extract
- vitamin
- mixture
- treatment
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/13—Coniferophyta (gymnosperms)
- A61K36/15—Pinaceae (Pine family), e.g. pine or cedar
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/35—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/352—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. methantheline
- A61K31/353—3,4-Dihydrobenzopyrans, e.g. chroman, catechin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/82—Theaceae (Tea family), e.g. camellia
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/87—Vitaceae or Ampelidaceae (Vine or Grape family), e.g. wine grapes, muscadine or peppervine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/06—Antimigraine agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
Definitions
- the present invention relates to uses and methods of a plant extract that includes a therapeutically effective dose of a mixture of flavonoids rich in proanthocyanidins for preventing, reducing the frequency or reducing the severity of migraine. More specifically, the present invention relates to uses and methods of a plant extract that includes a therapeutically effective dose of a mixture of flavonoids rich in proanthocyanidins from the bark of the species Pinus for treatment of migraine (prevention, reduction in frequency or reduction in severity) in humans.
- Migraine is a common, chronic, incapacitating neurovascular disorder, characterised by attacks of severe headache, autonomic nervous dysfunction and in some patients, an aura involving neurologic symptoms 17 .
- Migraine disorder is often familial 30 and defined as episodic attacks of headache lasting 4 to 72 hours with two or more of the following symptoms:
- cost associated with lost work time due to migraine attack is estimated as being $US 6,864 per working male per year and $US 3,600 per working female per year.
- cost associated with lost work time due to migraine attack is estimated as being $US 6,864 per working male per year and $US 3,600 per working female per year.
- Migraine is episodic and varies among patients. This variability is likely to be due to the dysfunction of an ion channel in the aminergic brain stem nuclei that normally modulates sensory input and exerts neural influences on cranial vessels 17 .
- Migraine drug treatments are broadly split into two groups. Those for treatment of acute attacks of migraine and those for preventation of migraine 31 .
- pharmaceutical drugs for treatment of acute attacks include triptans (serotonin receptor agonists), ergot alkaloids and derivatives, antiemetics, NSAIDs and nonopiate analgesics, combination analgesics, barbiturate hypnotics, opiate analgesics and others including corticosteroids, isometheptene compound and Lidocaine 31 .
- a further problem of the above pharmaceutical treatments is that such drugs are very expensive.
- ImitrexTM which accounts for 65% of the US market sales
- ZomigTM costs approximately $US17 to $US29.90 per dose 32 .
- Preventative drug treatments for migraine include antiepileptics, antidepressants, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, NSAIDs, serotonin antagonists 31 .
- Other therapies include use of feverfew, magnesium and vitamin B2 31 .
- the goals of preventative therapy are to reduce the frequency, severity and duration of migraine symptoms; to improve function and to reduce disability. Like acute treatments, the side effects and efficacy of preventative treatments is also a concern 31 .
- Some migraine sufferers try to avoid the trigger that can set off an acute migraine attack. These vary be individual and over time and can include dozens of triggers such a stress or tension, missing meals, fatigue, lack of sleep, smoke or some sort of odour.
- Feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium) in particular has been given significant attention for use as a prophylactic migraine treatment.
- Feverfew is a plant that is claimed to have main active ingredients of sesquiterpene lactones, particularly parthenolide, which inhibits serotonin release by human platelets in vitro 8,9 .
- this composition does have potential complications.
- feverfew has been claimed to relax uterine smooth muscle, it is to be avoided during pregnancy. Discontinuation can result in a post-feverfew syndrome including nervousness, insomnia, joint stiffness and pain.
- Other side effects also include mouth ulceration and a more widespread oral inflammation associated with loss of taste 16 .
- feverfew has also had mixed results. In some studies, results have shown that feverfew gives useful results 10,16 , however in other studies 11,12,13,16 , the results are less conclusive and in fact one case failed to show any effect.
- the present invention relates to uses and methods of a plant extract that includes a therapeutically effective dose of a mixture of flavonoids rich in proanthocyanidins for preventing, reducing the frequency or reducing the severity of migraine. More specifically, the present invention relates to uses and methods of a plant extract that includes a therapeutically effective dose of a mixture of flavonoids rich in proanthocyanidins from the bark of the species Pinus for treatment of migraine (prevention, reduction in frequency or reduction in severity) in humans.
- Migraine is a common, chronic, incapacitating neurovascular disorder, characterised by attacks of severe headache, autonomic nervous dysfunction and in some patients, an aura involving neurologic symptoms 17 .
- Migraine disorder is often familial 30 and defined as episodic attacks of headache lasting 4 to 72 hours with two or more of the following symptoms:
- cost associated with lost work time due to migraine attack is estimated as being $US 6,864 per working male per year and $US 3,600 per working female per year.
- cost associated with lost work time due to migraine attack is estimated as being $US 6,864 per working male per year and $US 3,600 per working female per year.
- Migraine is episodic and varies among patients. This variability is likely to be due to the dysfunction of an ion channel in the aminergic brain stem nuclei that normally modulates sensory input and exerts neural influences on cranial vessels 17 .
- a large number of treatments have been considered for acute migraine.
- a number have also been considered for prophylactic treatment of migraine 17 .
- Migraine drug treatments are broadly split into two groups. Those for treatment of acute attacks of migraine and those for preventation of migraine 31 .
- pharmaceutical drugs for treatment of acute attacks include t ptans (serotonin receptor agonists), ergot alkaloids and derivatives, antiemetics, NSAIDs and nonopiate analgesics, combination analgesics, barbiturate hypnotics, opiate analgesics and others including corticosteroids, isometheptene compound and Lidocaine 31 .
- a further problem of the above pharmaceutical treatments is that such drugs are very expensive.
- ImitrexTM which accounts for 65% of the US market sales
- ZomigTM costs approximately $US17 to $US29.90 per dose 32 .
- Preventative drug treatments for migraine include antiepileptics, antidepressants, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, NSAIDs, serotonin antagonists 31 .
- Other therapies include use of feverfew, magnesium and vitamin B2 31 .
- the goals of preventative therapy are to reduce the frequency, severity and duration of migraine symptoms; to improve function and to reduce disability. Like acute treatments, the side effects and efficacy of preventative treatments is also a concern 31 .
- Some migraine sufferers try to avoid the trigger that can set off an acute migraine attack. These vary be individual and over time and can include dozens of triggers such a stress or tension, missing meals, fatigue, lack of sleep, smoke or some sort of odour.
- Feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium) in particular has been given significant attention for use as a prophylactic migraine treatment.
- Feverfew is a plant that is claimed to have main active ingredients of sesquiterpene lactones, particularly parthenolide, which inhibits serotonin release by human platelets in vitro 8,9 .
- this composition does have potential complications.
- feverfew has been claimed to relax uterine smooth muscle, it is to be avoided during pregnancy. Discontinuation can result in a post-feverfew syndrome including nervousness, insomnia, joint stiffness and pain.
- Other side effects also include mouth ulceration and a more widespread oral inflammation associated with loss of taste 16 .
- feverfew has also had mixed results. In some studies, results have shown that feverfew gives useful results 10,16 , however in other studies 11,12,13,16 , the results are less conclusive and in fact one case failed to show any effect.
- Riboflavin (vitamin B2) - chemically known as 7,8-dimethyl-10 (1'-D-ribityl) isoalloxazine 18 - has been shown to have some low level efficacy 16 .
- the attack frequency, headache days and migraine index all showed a statistically significant improvement for subjects taking riboflavin.
- the dose used in the trial was massive in comparison to RDA limits i.e. 400 mg per dose in the trial compared to 1.3 mg per dose per day for RDA requirements 18 . It is noted that only about 25 mg of riboflavin can be absorbed in a single oral dose 21 .
- a further remedy utilises magnesium, a common mineral in diets 19 . Low levels have been found in some patients with migraines. Taking magnesium does have complications with kidney or heart diseases and also, as magnesium competes with calcium for absorption, magnesium supplements can cause a calcium deficiency. Further side effects from magnesium supplementation includes diarrhoea.
- Combination therapies of the above compounds are also available including 'Migrahealth ® triple therapy' which is a supplement that contains two high dose forms of magnesium, a high dose of riboflavin and feverfew extract 29 .
- flavonoids and/or antioxidants are not known to have effects on migraine.
- Some compositions rich in phenolic flavonoids such as red wine have in fact been considered as activators of migraine attacks 13,14,15,33 .
- WO 99/23881 teaches of the use of dietary supplementation of serotonin and norepinephrine precursors in the treatment of migraine headache. Serotonin and norepinephrine precursors are described as the active components in this supplement.
- the specification further describes the optional use of bioflavonoids as ancillary compounds with the serotonin and norepinephrine precursors.
- the ancillary effect of the bioflavonoids is described as strengthening outer cell membranes and helping to stabilise cell surfaces - not to treat the symptoms in itself.
- bioflavonoid anti-migraine activity There is no teaching or even suggestion of bioflavonoid anti-migraine activity and several example formulations in the specification do not contain any bioflavonoids.
- Patent application WO 99/17612 describes a serotonin / antioxidant mixture for pain treatment including migraine.
- the invention described refers to co- administration to achieve the protection of serotonin in the gastrointestinal tract.
- Serotonin is specified as the active ingredient to treat migraine. No description or suggestion is included for the use of antioxidants alone in migraine treatment.
- Patent application WO 99/61028 (the '028 publication) describes use of specific isoflavonoid compounds including genistein, daidzein, biochanin A, forononetin, O- desmethylangolensin, glycitein, equol and dihydrodaidzein and their conjugates for the treatment of migraine.
- the treatment effectiveness is ascribed to the estrogenic effects that are a particular property of the iso-flavonoids.
- No teaching is made of use of flavonoids that do not have estrogenic properties but that are strong antioxidants.
- the '028 publication does not provide any data for the claims such as human trials showing efficacy. Given that the exact mechanism of action for migraines is uncertain, it is arguable that it would not be obvious to a person skilled in the art that a composition including iso-flavonoids would have the claimed efficacy.
- Patent application WO 03/074065 describes use of a composition containing a particular type of flavonoids compound that it refers to as free-B-ring flavonoids to treat COX-2 mediated diseases and conditions, which the specification describes as including migraine.
- Free-B-ring flavonoids are rare, as identified within the specification and generally not found from water based extraction methods. Further, the specification does not describe that this assertion of treatment of migraine actually occurs as there is no information to show efficacy such as experimental trials. Nor would it be obvious that efficacy would be seen as the mechanisms for how migraine occur is unknown. Hence it would not necessarily follow that a COX-2 mediator would treat migraine.
- EP 906761 teaches of the use of a composition prepared by extracting phytochemicals from plant matter for treatment of various cancers, pre- and post menstrual syndromes and various other disorders.
- a generalised statement is included that, as isoflavones, lignans and saponins are known individually to effect neurological and immunological symptoms, it is the patentee's belief that the composition described in EP 906761 has a neurological and immunological effect. No further basis is described for this belief or claim in relation to migraine treatment. As described above, the mechanism behind the cause of migraine is not well established and hence it would not be obvious that the composition described in EP 906761 would in fact have an effect against migraine.
- US 6,517,832 (the '832 patent) describes a prophylactic treatment for migraine consisting of daily administration of two formulations, one including peptides and probiotics and a second formulation including a major amount of active components including malic acid, sylibum marianum, acetyl-L-cysteine, copper chelate, zinc gluconate, asparatate and bromelain.
- a minor amount of plant derivatives is also included in the second formulation which includes derivatives from beet root, water cress, celery, dandelion, capsicum and artichoke extract.
- the '832 patent describes the minor amount of plant derivatives as useful adjuncts for optimal effectiveness, but not essential to an effective unit dosage - rather the 'major' amounts are key to the therapy.
- Chemical abstract number 131 :63300 teaches of use of the leaves from Caragana chamlagu for medicinal purposes.
- the abstract notes that roots of Caragana chamlagu have been used as a migraine remedy in folk medicines of Korea. Some flavonoid compounds were identified in the mixture. No results are described however showing a medicinal effect on migraines such as prevention of migraine symptoms.
- Chronic daily headache affects approximately 4 to 5% of the population and encompasses a number of different diagnoses including transformed migraine, chronic tension-type headache (TTH), new-onset daily persistent headache, and hemicrania continua 22 .
- TTH chronic tension-type headache
- hemicrania continua 22 the goals of prophylactic therapy are to reduce the frequency, severity and duration of headache attacks; to improve responsiveness to treatment of acute attacks; to improve function; and to reduce disability.
- Similar pharmaceutical drugs in CDH treatments have been employed to migraine headache treatments 22 .
- the present invention broadly relates to methods of treating migraine and/or CDH by use of a novel composition for such treatments.
- migraine is used with reference to symptoms exhibited from the malady termed 'migraine' as well as serious chronic headache conditions such as chronic daily headache (CDH) and related disorders.
- CDH chronic daily headache
- mixture of 'flavonoids rich in protein' refers to compositions containing large numbers of flavonoid compounds, predominantly from the group of proanthocyanidins (also termed procyanidins) being the active ingredients in the composition.
- the term 'human' will be referred to interchangeably with the terms, 'patient', 'subject', 'sufferer' and the like. This should not be seen as limiting.
- a plant extract that includes a therapeutically effective dose of a mixture of flavonoids rich in proanthocyanidins in the manufacture of a medicament to prevent migraine in a human in need thereof.
- a plant extract that includes a therapeutically effective dose of a mixture of flavonoids rich in proanthocyanidins in the manufacture of a medicament to reduce the frequency of migraine symptoms in a human in need thereof.
- a plant extract that includes a therapeutically effective dose of a mixture of flavonoids rich in proanthocyanidins in the manufacture of a medicament to reduce the severity of migraine symptoms in a human in need thereof.
- a method of treatment of a human in need thereof by administration of a plant extract that includes a therapeutically effective dose of a mixture of flavonoids rich in proanthocyanidins to prevent migraine is provided.
- a plant extract that includes a therapeutically effective dose of a mixture of flavonoids rich in proanthocyanidins that prevents migraine.
- a plant extract that includes a therapeutically effective dose of a mixture of flavonoids rich in proanthocyanidins that reduces the frequency migraine symptoms.
- a plant extract that includes a therapeutically effective dose of a mixture of flavonoids rich in proanthocyanidins that reduces the severity of migraine symptoms.
- the flavonoid source is a plant although this should not be seen as limiting as it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the compounds of the present invention may also be synthesised using non-natural processes. More preferably the extract plant source is bark. Yet more preferably the bark is a pine bark. It will be appreciated that other flavonoid sources can be used besides pine bark, for example grape seed and green tea. For the purposes of this specification, further reference will be made in terms of pine bark. This should not be seen as limiting. Preferably the symptoms affected are migraine headaches.
- the subject suffers from regular severe and acute migraine.
- Flavonoids are a chemically diverse range of compounds containing different ring structures with different side chains and polymerisation states. This diversity greatly contributes to their radical scavenging ability and effects on enzyme systems in the body 37 ' 38 . Numerous studies in cell culture systems, animal models and humans have documented the diverse effects of flavonoids.
- effects include vasodilatory, anti-hypertensive, and anti-inflammatory activities, inhibition of lipid and LDL oxidation; inhibition of platelet aggregation, and capillary permeability and fragility; effects on enzyme systems including phopholipase A2, cyclooxygenase, and lipoxygenase; influencing cell signalling transduction; metal chelation; glutathione metabolism; intracellular calcium levels; protection of vitamin C and E from oxidation; and cardio protective effects after ischemic reperfusion injury 39"46 .
- migraine treatment A further complication in migraine treatment is that sufferers displaying migraine have different mechanisms involved that both trigger a migraine attack and determine the severity of such attacks. Hence it should be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the degree of response by treatment will vary depending on the subject characteristics.
- Pine bark extract in particular has been shown to be non-toxic; does not result in changes in any biochemical or haemoglobin index; and has a broad spectrum of actions against a wide variety of free radical events 25 .
- a placebo trial (unpublished) has also confirmed non-toxicity as well as increased antioxidant mechanisms in the body.
- the dose is from 1 to 10 capsules per day
- each capsule containing pine bark extract used in the above composition includes primarily flavonoid compounds rich in levels of proanthocyanidins and associated compounds found naturally in these extracts.
- the pine bark extract composition as described above is an extract which exhibits antioxidant behaviour in vivo and in vitro.
- the pine bark extract used in the above composition is sourced from the bark of Pinus radiata (the Monterey pine or radiata pine).
- the pine bark extract (from Pinus radiata bark), is extracted using a water-based process.
- One example process is that of NZ329658 / US5,968,517 (the '517 patent), incorporated herein by reference.
- the extract of the '517 patent is a complex mixture of mainly flavonoids with some non-flavonoid compounds. It is the inventors understanding that the extract predominantly consists of proanthocyanidins including dimers, trimers, oligomers and polymers of catechin and epicatechin.
- phenolic compounds of Pinus radiata bark include: catechin; epicatechin; gallocatechin; quercetin; dihydroquercetin; myricetin; astringenin; pinosylvin; taxifolin; stilbenes; hydroxylstilbenes; phenolic acids; and combinations thereof.
- the composition further includes other antioxidant active components.
- antioxidant active components include vitamin C, vitamin E, and other known therapeutically active antioxidant compounds.
- the vitamin E used is a natural vitamin E.
- the use of vitamin E and C is to administer to the patient further antioxidants that are readily absorbed by the patient.
- the composition as described above is delivered to a subject as a regular daily dosage.
- the dose is 1 to 10 capsules per day, each capsule containing approximately 120mg pine bark extract, approximately 30IU of natural vitamin E, and approximately 60mg of vitamin C.
- composition substantially as described above, is also formulated using components selected from the group including; fillers; excipients; modifiers; humectants; stabilisers; emulsifiers; and other known formulation components.
- the composition is administered in a form selected from the group including: a tablet; a capsule; a suppository; an injection; a suspension; a drink or tonic; a syrup; a powder; an ingredient in solid or liquid foods; a nasal spray; a sublingual wafer; a transdermal patch; a transdermal injection; and combinations thereof.
- a major advantage found by subjects taking the composition of the present invention is that the subject is able to attend work/school more regularly i.e. participate in normal life activities. In some cases, subjects are able to attend work/school without missing a day compared to prior to trial of the above composition where many days were missed resulting in decreased productivity. Trials suggest that headache frequency decreases by as much as 56% and headache severity decreases by as much as 33.3%. It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that through further development, it is likely that these results will show even stronger reductions in frequency and severity as the dose and mechanisms become further established.
- a further advantage of the present invention is that side effects appear to be minimal if present at all. This is a major improvement on the prior art where side effects are a common occurrence where the side effect can prevent treatment in mild to moderate cases, and can cause severe adverse reactions 17 .
- Figure 1 Shows a graph comparing the mean MIDAS score assessed before and after the three month trial period
- Figure 2 shows a graph comparing the mean number of headache days before and after the three month trial period
- Figure 3 shows a graph comparing the mean symptom score before and after the three month trial period; and, Figure 4 shows a graph comparing the relationship between the percentage reduction and patient reported disability score at baseline.
- headaches were variously described as left or right frontal, bilateral frontal, bilateral frontal/temporal, bilateral frontal/top, left temporal, left side, right parietal, or diffuse; age of onset varied from 6 to 45 years (mean 19.5 ⁇ I 2.3 years); frequency varied from 2 to 30 per month (mean 9.8 ⁇ 7.8 per month); and duration varied from 1 to 3 days, although one patient reported headaches lasting as long as 7 days.
- the Migraine Disability Assessment Score (MIDAS) method was used to assess the treatment.
- the MIDAS assessment is a 5-item questionnaire designed to assess the headache-related disability for use in routine clinical practice. Scores are divided into grades I through IV with I indicating little disability over the past 3 months associated with low treatment need. Grade II indicates mild disability and moderate treatment need. Grades III (scores 11-20) and IV (scores >20) identify moderate to severe disability and high treatment need 24 .
- MIDAS scores of trial participants were assessed at baseline using a standard questionnaire 7 . This comprised of 5 scoring questions to assess the number of days of lost or limited productivity in the previous 3 months involving work, school, household work, and family, social and leisure activities. Two non-scoring questions were included to provide additional information relating to the number of headache days and headache severity over the previous 3 months.
- Enzogenol® standardised pine bark extract
- migraine disorder is complicated by the variable responses seen among patients and by a lack of any cohesive experimental framework that synthesises our current understanding of migraine pathophysiology 1-5
- factors such as presence or absence of aura, duration of headache, severity and intensity of headache, and as yet undefined genetic and environmental factors all appear to impact on the efficacy of antimigraine drugs.
- a vascular theory postulates that vasoconstriction occurs in the cranial blood vessels and pain results from vessel dilatation.
- a neuronal theory suggests that a "spreading depression" in the primary migraine reflects a central neuronal disorder.
- a neurovascular hypothesis suggests headache is the result of nociception from cephalic arteries and pehcranial myofascial tissues.
- a brainstem theory proposes that the causative mechanism is located in the dorsal raphe nucleus of the brainstem; pain is triggered by secondary activation of nociceptive fibres of the thgeminal nerve that produce vasodilatation and inflammation.
- thgeminal nerve fibres become sensitised to stimuli in response to changes in norepinephrine from the locus ceruleus and neurotransmission of serotonin from the dorsal raphe nuclei.
- flavonoids In contrast to drugs either developed or used as therapy (as acute treatment therapy or prevention) for migraine such as subtype-selective 5-HT receptor agonists, or antidepressant and anticonvulsant drugs that have found some success in treating migraine, there is currently no experimental basis for the use of flavonoids as treatment of migraine. However, diverse biochemical and pharmacologic effects of flavonoids have been described and continue to be the subject of intense scientific scrutiny 6 . In vitro effects of flavonoids on smooth muscle contractility, nerve cell function and inflammation may be relevant in the present context of migraine, although further research is needed.
- the present invention provides a method of treating migraine that prevents, reduces the frequency, or reduces the severity of migraine symptoms. It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, as the composition is non-toxic and has few side effects, the treatment method provided is an improvement on many existing treatments where side effects are noted.
- GlaxoSmithKline press release Imitrex® Now Available in Tablet Form in U.S., www.pslgroup.com/dg950907.htm. 1995.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04734446A EP1631302A4 (en) | 2003-05-23 | 2004-05-21 | Migraine remedy |
CA002526631A CA2526631A1 (en) | 2003-05-23 | 2004-05-21 | Migraine remedy |
CN2004800205523A CN1901928B (en) | 2003-05-23 | 2004-05-21 | Migraine remedy |
JP2006532158A JP2007501856A (en) | 2003-05-23 | 2004-05-21 | Migraine medication |
AU2004241889A AU2004241889B2 (en) | 2003-05-23 | 2004-05-21 | Migraine remedy |
US10/557,932 US20070065486A1 (en) | 2004-05-21 | 2004-05-21 | Migraine remedy |
MXPA05012636A MXPA05012636A (en) | 2003-05-23 | 2004-05-21 | Migraine remedy. |
AU2010212521A AU2010212521A1 (en) | 2003-05-23 | 2010-08-24 | Migraine remedy |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NZ526098 | 2003-05-23 | ||
NZ526098A NZ526098A (en) | 2003-05-23 | 2003-05-23 | Use of a plant extract containing flavonoids rich in proanthocyanidins for the prevention or treatment of migraine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004103411A1 true WO2004103411A1 (en) | 2004-12-02 |
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ID=33476120
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/NZ2004/000095 WO2004103411A1 (en) | 2003-05-23 | 2004-05-21 | Migraine remedy |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP1631302A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2007501856A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1901928B (en) |
AU (2) | AU2004241889B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2526631A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA05012636A (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ526098A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004103411A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005005275A1 (en) * | 2005-02-04 | 2006-08-10 | Peter Heger | Use of a hydroxystilbene-containing active substance combination containing resveratrol and piceatannol precursors, to prevent and/or treat diseases caused by increased serum interleukin-6 level e.g. depression |
JP2006298808A (en) * | 2005-04-19 | 2006-11-02 | Hayashibara Biochem Lab Inc | Pain sensation moderator |
WO2007031312A1 (en) * | 2005-09-15 | 2007-03-22 | Horphag Research (Luxembourg) Holding Sa | Cox inhibitors |
JP2014062111A (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2014-04-10 | Morinaga & Co Ltd | Piceatannol containing composition |
EP2902474A4 (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2016-03-16 | Suntory Holdings Ltd | Monomeric proanthocyanidin-removed plant extract |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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NZ758664A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2022-08-26 | Axsome Therapeutics Inc | Pharmaceutical compositions comprising meloxicam |
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WO2004012655A2 (en) * | 2002-08-06 | 2004-02-12 | The Quigley Corporation | Anti-microbial compositions and methods of using same |
WO2004035059A1 (en) * | 2002-10-16 | 2004-04-29 | Alan Fergusson | Composition for the regulation of the human immune system and the prevention and treatment of diseases thereof |
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US4698360B1 (en) * | 1985-04-09 | 1997-11-04 | D Investigations Pharmacologiq | Plant extract with a proanthocyanidins content as therapeutic agent having radical scavenger effect and use thereof |
US6261565B1 (en) * | 1996-03-13 | 2001-07-17 | Archer Daniels Midland Company | Method of preparing and using isoflavones |
US6391310B1 (en) * | 1996-03-13 | 2002-05-21 | Archer Daniels Midland Company | Method of preparing and using isoflavones for the treatment of neurological symptoms |
US5939076A (en) * | 1997-11-12 | 1999-08-17 | Allocca Techical, Inc. | Composition and method for treating or alleviating migraine headaches |
FR2775600B1 (en) * | 1998-03-05 | 2000-10-06 | Ravi Shrivastava | NOVEL PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION FOR THE TREATMENT OF NEUROLOGICAL ORIGINAL DISORDERS |
IT1313862B1 (en) * | 1999-11-11 | 2002-09-24 | Solvay | EXTREMITY BOX OF AN ELECTRODIALIZER, ELECTRODIALIZER THAT INCLUDES SUCH EXTREMITY BOX AND PROCEDURE OF |
AU2001288736A1 (en) * | 2000-09-06 | 2002-03-22 | A. Glenn Braswell | Method and composition for enhancing vision |
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2003
- 2003-05-23 NZ NZ526098A patent/NZ526098A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2004
- 2004-05-21 EP EP04734446A patent/EP1631302A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-05-21 CA CA002526631A patent/CA2526631A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-05-21 AU AU2004241889A patent/AU2004241889B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-05-21 JP JP2006532158A patent/JP2007501856A/en active Pending
- 2004-05-21 MX MXPA05012636A patent/MXPA05012636A/en unknown
- 2004-05-21 WO PCT/NZ2004/000095 patent/WO2004103411A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-05-21 CN CN2004800205523A patent/CN1901928B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
- 2010-08-24 AU AU2010212521A patent/AU2010212521A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US5968517A (en) * | 1996-05-23 | 1999-10-19 | Duncan; Kelvin Winston | Process for extraction of proanthocyanidins from botanical material |
WO1999061028A1 (en) * | 1998-05-27 | 1999-12-02 | Gorbach Sherwood L | Isoflavonoids for treatment and prevention of migraine headaches |
WO2003090673A2 (en) * | 2002-04-22 | 2003-11-06 | Rtc Research & Development, Llc. | Compositions and methods for promoting weight loss, thermogenesis, appetite suppression, lean muscle mass, increasing metabolism and boosting energy levels, and use as a dietary supplement in mammals |
WO2004012655A2 (en) * | 2002-08-06 | 2004-02-12 | The Quigley Corporation | Anti-microbial compositions and methods of using same |
WO2004035059A1 (en) * | 2002-10-16 | 2004-04-29 | Alan Fergusson | Composition for the regulation of the human immune system and the prevention and treatment of diseases thereof |
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Cited By (5)
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---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005005275A1 (en) * | 2005-02-04 | 2006-08-10 | Peter Heger | Use of a hydroxystilbene-containing active substance combination containing resveratrol and piceatannol precursors, to prevent and/or treat diseases caused by increased serum interleukin-6 level e.g. depression |
JP2006298808A (en) * | 2005-04-19 | 2006-11-02 | Hayashibara Biochem Lab Inc | Pain sensation moderator |
WO2007031312A1 (en) * | 2005-09-15 | 2007-03-22 | Horphag Research (Luxembourg) Holding Sa | Cox inhibitors |
JP2014062111A (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2014-04-10 | Morinaga & Co Ltd | Piceatannol containing composition |
EP2902474A4 (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2016-03-16 | Suntory Holdings Ltd | Monomeric proanthocyanidin-removed plant extract |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1631302A4 (en) | 2010-07-07 |
EP1631302A1 (en) | 2006-03-08 |
NZ526098A (en) | 2005-10-28 |
CN1901928B (en) | 2012-06-20 |
AU2004241889A1 (en) | 2004-12-02 |
JP2007501856A (en) | 2007-02-01 |
CA2526631A1 (en) | 2004-12-02 |
CN1901928A (en) | 2007-01-24 |
AU2004241889B2 (en) | 2010-09-16 |
MXPA05012636A (en) | 2006-05-25 |
AU2010212521A1 (en) | 2010-09-16 |
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