WO2004102131A1 - Regulateur d'ecoulement a trois phases pour huile, gaz et eau, et procede et appareil de mesure de l'ecoulement a trois phases pour huile, gaz et eau - Google Patents

Regulateur d'ecoulement a trois phases pour huile, gaz et eau, et procede et appareil de mesure de l'ecoulement a trois phases pour huile, gaz et eau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004102131A1
WO2004102131A1 PCT/CN2003/000359 CN0300359W WO2004102131A1 WO 2004102131 A1 WO2004102131 A1 WO 2004102131A1 CN 0300359 W CN0300359 W CN 0300359W WO 2004102131 A1 WO2004102131 A1 WO 2004102131A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
oil
water
phase
flow
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PCT/CN2003/000359
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jianwen Dou
Jinsong Wan
Ligang Zhang
Original Assignee
Haimo Technologies Inc.
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Publication date
Application filed by Haimo Technologies Inc. filed Critical Haimo Technologies Inc.
Priority to AU2003242107A priority Critical patent/AU2003242107A1/en
Priority to EP03732173.4A priority patent/EP1666850B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2003/000359 priority patent/WO2004102131A1/zh
Priority to US10/556,999 priority patent/US8087293B2/en
Publication of WO2004102131A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004102131A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/74Devices for measuring flow of a fluid or flow of a fluent solid material in suspension in another fluid
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/34Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure
    • G01F1/36Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction
    • G01F1/363Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction with electrical or electro-mechanical indication
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F15/00Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
    • G01F15/08Air or gas separators in combination with liquid meters; Liquid separators in combination with gas-meters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an oil-gas-water three-phase flow adjusting device installed on an oil pipeline in an oil field, and a device and a method for measuring the three-phase flow of oil, gas and water in an oil field oil pipeline using the device.
  • the change in the production flow rate of each phase in the three-phase product of oil, gas and water in an oil well is the basic data in oil field recovery and the main basis for monitoring and controlling the dynamic characteristics of oil wells and reservoirs.
  • the traditional method is to alternately send the products of multiple oil wells to a metering separator, and the oil well products are separated into three single-phase fluids of oil, gas, and water by the separators, and then metered at their respective outlets.
  • the metering separator separates the oil well products into gas and liquid two-phase fluids, the total gas and liquid flows are measured respectively.
  • the oil and water production in the liquid phase is usually measured by sampling assay, density measurement or other component measurement methods. Oil-water ratio, and then calculate oil and water flow.
  • Multiphase flow metering systems that have appeared in recent years can measure the flow of each phase in a three-phase flow mixture of oil, gas and water without the need to separate the oil, gas and water.
  • the three-phase flow of oil, gas and water in the pipeline is an extremely complex multivariable random process, it presents different flow patterns under different conditions.
  • oil, gas, and water The relative share of each component will also change significantly: it may be high in gas (100% gas content); it may also be full liquid (0% gas content); in the liquid phase, it may be all oil (Water content 0%); it may also be high water content (more than 95% water content). And any combination of these extremes.
  • the various existing multi-phase flowmeters can only be applied to one or a few flow patterns and a certain flow range without exception, covering a part of the combination of gas content and water content. This has largely limited the popularization and application of the existing multi-phase flow measurement technology in production practice.
  • the first object of the present invention is to provide a small-sized and light-weighted multiphase flow adjusting device installed on an oil pipeline to change the composition and flow state of the three-phase flow of oil, gas, and water to meet the measurement requirements of multiphase flow. .
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide an oil, gas and water flow measurement device that is installed on an oil pipeline and adopts the oil, gas and water three phase flow adjustment device of the present invention to continuously measure the oil, gas and water three phase flow.
  • a third object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring a three-phase flow of oil, gas and water using a three-phase flow of oil, gas and water measurement device.
  • the present invention provides a multiphase flow adjusting device installed on an oil pipeline: it includes a housing, and an inlet acceleration pipe section, an inlet pipe section connection flange, and a gas path installed on the housing.
  • a swirl guide tube, a wetted cone, and a cone mixer tube section are installed inside the casing.
  • the three-phase flow of oil, gas and water entering the device from the inlet is separated by swirling after accelerating, and a part of the gas is discharged from the outlet of the gas path.
  • the remaining three-phase flow of oil, gas and water enters the liquid cone, and continues to rotate naturally to form a secondary separation.
  • the separated oil and water liquid flows into a liquid tank formed by the lower part of the casing through the cone mixer pipe section.
  • the mixed liquid overflow port is a device for controlling the liquid level of the liquid tank. A part of the liquid in the liquid tank overflows from the mixed liquid overflow port to make the liquid The liquid level of the tank is kept at a certain height; after a part of the liquid is sampled by the sampler, it enters the phase separation through the sampler outlet connection pipe section.
  • Moisture Meter WC is a device for controlling the liquid level of the liquid tank.
  • the present invention provides a three-phase flow measurement device for oil, gas, and water installed on an oil pipeline.
  • the device uses the three-phase flow adjustment device for oil, gas, and water of the present invention, and further includes:
  • the connection pipe section on the inlet connection flange of the oil-gas-water three-phase flow adjustment device and the metering pipe section connected to the connection pipe section include: a single-energy Y-phase rate meter, a differential pressure flow measurement device, a blind tee mixing device, and installation Temperature transmitter, pressure transmitter, differential pressure transmitter on this metering pipe section.
  • It also includes a dual-energy Y-phase rate meter, a manifold section, and a computer calculation system installed on the multi-phase flow adjusting device sampler outlet connection section, and a computer calculation system for calculating the total volume flow rate Q of the three-phase flow of oil, gas, and oil.
  • Volume flow rate Q. Gas volume flow rate Q g , water volume flow rate Q w .
  • the present invention provides a measurement method for measuring three-phase flow of oil, gas and water, including the following steps:
  • the three-phase flow of oil, gas and water flowing through the blind three-way mixing pipe section is entered into a metering pipe section consisting of a single-energy ⁇ -phase splitter, a differential pressure flow measurement device, a temperature transmitter, and a pressure transmitter.
  • the total flow differential pressure ⁇ P, gas content, temperature, and pressure of the three-phase flow of oil, gas and water were measured.
  • the oil-gas-water three-phase flow adjusting device of the present invention adjusts the oil-gas-water three-phase flow, so that a part of the liquid-holding gas is discharged from the gas path discharge port and the liquid tank mixed liquid overflow port to discharge the excess oil-gas-water mixed liquid After entering the confluent pipe section, a part of the lower gaseous liquid which is mixed and uniformly hooked enters the dual-energy ⁇ -phase fractionometer through the sampler outlet connection pipe section, and the liquid phase water content WC is measured. Calculate the volume flow rate of the three-phase flow of oil, gas and water.
  • the flow rates referred to in this article are volume flow rates, hereinafter referred to as the flow rate.
  • Air flow rate w GVF
  • is the differential pressure value
  • P is the density of oil, gas and water mixing.
  • the oil-gas-water three-phase flow adjustment device using the oil-gas-water three-phase flow adjustment device can be directly installed on the oil pipeline.
  • the oil-gas-water three-phase flow adjustment device improves the multi-phase flow pattern and interval composition, thereby improving the multi-phase flow.
  • the measuring range and accuracy of the measuring device Especially under the condition of high gas content, the flow rate and water content can be measured more accurately.
  • the oil-gas-water three-phase flow measuring device using the multi-phase flow adjusting device of the present invention has a small occupied area and light weight, (the occupied area is less than 2 m 2 and the weight is less than 2 tons) and is convenient to connect to the oil pipeline, which will not form squall pressure and is safe Good performance, without any damage to the measurement medium, can be more accurate online continuous measurement of oil, gas and water three-phase flow, can also be used as a portable mobile logging device, directly installed at the wellhead, the platform for single well oil and gas production, The connection of pressure, temperature, water cut, gas content measurement and oil well control system can realize automatic monitoring of oil wells.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a multi-phase flow adjusting device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an oil-gas-water three-phase flow measurement device using an oil-gas-water three-phase flow adjustment device according to the present invention.
  • 3 is a main flowchart of a method for measuring a three-phase flow rate of oil, gas and water using a multi-phase flow adjusting device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the oil-gas-water three-phase flow adjusting device of the present invention.
  • reference numeral 1 represents the inlet connection flange of the oil-gas-water three-phase flow adjusting device
  • 2 represents the reduced-diameter accelerating pipe section in the inlet
  • 3 represents the gas outlet pipe section
  • 4 represents the shell
  • 5 represents the swirl guide tube
  • 6 Represents the exhaust pipe
  • 7 represents the liquid cone
  • 8 represents the cone mixer pipe section
  • 9 represents the flange of the mixed liquid overflow connection pipe section
  • 10 represents the sampler
  • 11 represents the sampler outlet connection pipe section.
  • the multi-phase flow adjusting device of this embodiment is constituted as follows: the inlet connection flange 1 is connected to the oil-gas-water three-phase flow pipeline, and is connected to the inlet reduced-diameter accelerating pipe section 2, the swirl guide pipe 5, and the exhaust pipe 6 is installed in the center of the swirl guide tube 5, the wetted cone 7 is connected to the cone mixer tube section 8; the sampler 10, the sampler outlet is connected to the tube section 11, and connected in order, and the tube section and the tube section are connected through the sampler outlet Outer connection.
  • the gas outlet connection pipe section 3 is installed on the top of the device, and can be connected to the manifold through a flange.
  • the mixed liquid overflow port pipe section 9 is set at a suitable position at the lower end of the casing 4.
  • the sampler reservoir is naturally formed below the overflow port.
  • the process is that the three-phase flow of oil, gas and water is accelerated through the reduced-diameter accelerating pipe section 2 in the inlet, and then enters the swirl guide pipe 5 to make circumferential swirl flow.
  • Gas-liquid two-phase separation is achieved under the action of cyclone centrifugation, and the separated gas is discharged from the center of the exhaust pipe 6. It enters the manifold via the gas path exit connecting pipe section 3.
  • the separated liquid enters the wetted cone 7 for secondary swirl separation to further separate the remaining gas.
  • the separated liquid is mixed with the liquid phase oil and water through the cone mixer pipe section 8.
  • the mixed liquid naturally enters the sampler liquid tank, is sampled by the sampler 10, and flows into the external dual-energy ⁇ -phase splitter through the sampler outlet connecting pipe section 11 to measure the water content.
  • the 9 position of the mixed liquid overflow pipe section is determined according to the sample flow rate of the sampler and the level of the gas content, and plays a role in controlling the liquid level of the liquid tank.
  • the clear oil-gas-water three-phase flow adjustment device is used in the oil-gas-water three-phase flow measurement device, which greatly improves the measurement adaptability of the multi-phase flow measurement device to the oil-gas-water three-phase flow, and also improves the measurement accuracy.
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the oil-gas-water three-phase flow measurement device using the oil-gas-water three-phase flow adjustment device of the present invention.
  • Reference numeral 1 represents the inlet connection flange
  • 2 represents the inlet acceleration pipe section
  • 3 represents the gas outlet connection pipe section
  • 9 represents the mixed liquid overflow outlet pipe section
  • 11 represents the sampler outlet connection pipe section
  • 15 represents the blind tee mixing device
  • 16 represents the temperature change.
  • Transmitter 17 is a pressure transmitter
  • 18 is a single-energy Y-phase rate meter
  • 19 is a differential pressure transmitter
  • 20 is a differential pressure measuring flow device
  • 21 is a connecting pipe section
  • 22 is the oil, gas and water of the present invention.
  • 23 represents the manifold section
  • 24 represents the dual-energy Y-phase rate meter
  • 25 represents the metering outlet end of the oil pipeline
  • 26 represents the metering inlet end of the oil pipeline.
  • the three-phase flow measurement device for oil, gas and water in this embodiment is structured as follows: a blind three-way mixing device 15, a single-energy ⁇ -phase splitter 18, and a differential pressure measurement flow device 20 are sequentially installed at the metering inlet 26 of the oil pipeline.
  • the pipe connection section 21, the inlet connection flange 1 of the multi-phase flow adjustment device 22 is connected to the connection pipe section 21, the gas outlet connection pipe section 3 of the oil-gas-water three-phase flow adjustment device 22, and the mixed liquid overflow connection pipe section 9 are connected to the manifold section 23,
  • the sampler outlet connection pipe section 11 is connected to the dual-energy Y-phase ratio meter 24.
  • the dual-energy Y-phase ratio meter 24 is connected to the manifold section 23, the manifold section 23 is connected to the oil pipeline 25, the temperature transmitter 16, and the pressure is transmitted.
  • the device 17 is sequentially installed on the blind three-way mixing device 15; the internal cross-sectional geometry of the reduced-diameter acceleration tube section 2 in the inlet is not limited, and may be circular or rectangular;
  • the three-phase flow of oil, gas and water from the oil pipeline first enters the blind three-way mixing device 15 to change the original flow state of the three-phase flow and mix it.
  • the single-energy ⁇ -phase fraction meter 18 measures the gas-containing rate GVF of the three-phase flow of oil, gas, and water, and the differential pressure measuring device 20 and the differential pressure transmitter 19 measure the total flow rate Q by measuring the total flow differential pressure value ⁇ P.
  • the transmitter 16 and the pressure transmitter 17 measure the temperature and pressure in the pipeline, respectively; After flowing into the oil-gas-water three-phase flow adjusting device 22, after the adjustment process, the oil and water liquid that is separated and mixed with the homogeneous hook is sampled by the sampler, and the sampled liquid enters the dual-energy Y-phase ratio meter 24 through the sampler outlet connecting pipe section Determine the water content WC, and then enter the oil pipeline through the manifold section 23.
  • All measurement data are calculated by the computer processing system, and then the measurement results such as the flow rate of each phase of the oil, gas and water three-phase flow are output.
  • the computer data processing system is not marked in the schematic diagram 2 of this device.
  • ⁇ p is the differential pressure formed by the multiphase flow flowing through the differential pressure type flow measurement device, which is measured by the differential pressure transmitter;
  • WC is the water content measured by a dual-energy ⁇ phase fraction meter
  • GVF is the gas content measured by a single energy ⁇ phase fraction meter
  • P is the mixing density of the three-phase flow of oil, gas and water, which can be obtained by the following formula:
  • P water, P oil, and P gas are the density of three-phase flowing water, oil, and gas, respectively.
  • the flow rate of each single phase of the oil, gas and water three-phase flow under standard conditions can be calculated by using the measured temperature and pressure.
  • a single-energy phase fraction meter 18 using 241 Am single-energy Y-phase fraction meter, a dual-energy ⁇ -phase fraction meter 24, and an Am + Ag dual-energy ⁇ -phase fraction meter are used.
  • the pressure type flow measurement device 20 is a Venturi device.
  • Fig. 3 is a main flowchart of a method for measuring the flow rate of oil, gas and water three-phase flow using the oil, gas and water three phase flow adjusting device according to the present invention.
  • 3-1 Adjust and change the three-phase flow pattern of crude oil, gas, and water, and make them mix uniformly; 3-2 Use a differential pressure flow measurement device to measure the total mixed oil, gas, and water three-phase flow total flow differential pressure ⁇ P for Calculate the total flow rate Q;
  • 3-3 Measure the gas content of the three-phase flow of oil, gas and water GVF with a single-energy Y-phase fraction meter; 3-4 Separate the gas in the three-phase flow of oil, gas and water, and mix the oil and water in the liquid uniformly;
  • ⁇ p is the differential pressure value of the differential pressure flowmeter measured by the differential pressure gauge
  • P is the mixing density of the three-phase flow of oil, gas and water
  • P water, P oil, and P gas are the density of three-phase flowing water, oil, and gas, respectively.

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Description

油气水三相流调整装置
油气水三相流流量测量装置、 测量方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种安装在油田输油管线上油气水三相流调整装 置, 以及一种使用该装置的适用于油田输油管道内油气水三相流 流量测量装置和测量方法。
背景技术
油井中的油气水三相产物中各相产量流量的变化是油田采油 工作中的基础数据,是监测控制油井和油藏动态特性的主要依据。
为测量上述数据, 传统的方法是把多口油井的产物交替送入 计量分离器, 由分离器将油井产物分离成为油、 气、 水三种单相 流体, 然后在各自的出口分别进行计量。 当计量分离器把油井产 物分离成为气、 液两相流体时, 分别测量气、 液总流量, 液相中 的油、 水产量通常用取样化验法、 密度测量法或其它组分测量方 法来测量油水各自比例, 再计算出油、 水流量。
由于油田采用多口油井使用同一分离器, 对于单口油井无法 实现连续计量, 对于高产井分离器分离效果差, 导致计量结果的 代表性较差、 误差大。 其次由于油气水三相分离器的结构和流程 复杂, 一般计量分离器以及相关附助设施重达几十吨, 占地面积 上百平方米, 使得计量分离器系统维护管理十分繁杂, 需要控制 的环节较多, 因而导致建站运行、 维护费用高, 不利于实现生产 过程和管理的自动化, 这些缺点对沙漠和海上油田尤为突出。
近年来出现的多相流计量系统, 不需要对油气水进行分离即 可对油气水三相流混合物中各相的流量进行测量。 但由于在管道 内的油气水三相流是一个极端复杂的多变量随机过程, 在不同条 件下呈现出不同流型。 此外, 由于油井产出物中, 油、 气、 水三 个组分的相对份额也会有大幅度的变化: 它可能是高含气(含气 率 100% ); 也可能是全液(含气率 0% ); 在液相中, 可能全是油 (含水率 0% ); 也可能是高含水(含水率 95%以上)。 以及上述 极端值之间的任意组合。 现有的各种多相流量计, 无一例外地只 能适用于某一种或少数几种流型和某一个流量范围, 覆盖一部分 含气率和含水率的组合。 这就在很大程度上限制了现有多相流量 测量技术在生产实践中的推广应用。
发明内容
因此本发明第一个目的在于提供安装在输油管线上的一种体 积小、 重量轻的多相流调整装置, 改变油气水三相流的组分和流 态, 以满足多相流的测量要求。
本发明的第二个目的在于提供一种安装在输油管道上采用本 发明的油气水三相流调整装置而对油气水三相流进行连续测量的 油气水流量测量装置。
本发明的第三个目的在于提供一种采用油气水三相流测量装 置而对油气水三相流进行测量的油气水三相流测量方法。
为实现上述第一个 3的, 本发明提供了一种安装在输油管道 上的多相流调整装置: 它包括壳体、 和安装在壳体上的入口加速 管段、 入口管段连接法兰、 气路出口连接管段、 混合液溢出口连 接管段、 取样器、 取样器出口连接管段。 在壳体内部安装有旋流 导流管、 接液锥体、 锥体混合器管段。 从入口进入本装置的油气 水三相流, 经加速后旋流分离, 一部分气体从气路出口排出, 其 余油气水三相流进入接液锥体, 继续作自然旋转, 形成二次分离, 被分离后的油水液体通过锥体混合器管段流入壳体下部构成的一 个液仓, 混合液溢出口是控制液仓液面高度的装置, 液仓中的液 体一部分从混合液溢出口溢出, 使液仓液面保持在一定的高度; 一部分液体经取样器取样后, 通过取样器出口连接管段进入相分 率仪测量含水率 WC:。
为实现第二个目的, 本发明提供了一种安装在输油管线上的 油气水三相流流量测量装置, 该装置使用了本发明的油气水三相 流调整装置, 还包括: 安装在所述油气水三相流调整装置入口连 接法兰上的连接管段, 和连接管段连接的计量管段, 它包括: 单 能 Y相分率计、 差压式流量测量器件、 盲三通混合装置、 以及安 装在此计量管段上的温度变送器、 压力变送器、 差压变送器。 还 包括安装在所述多相流调整装置取样器出口连接管段上的双能 Y 相分率计, 汇流管段, 以及计算机计算系统, 用于计算油气水三 相流的总体积流量率 Q, 油体积流量率 Q。, 气体积流量率 Qg, 水体积流量率 Qw
为实现第三个目的, 本发明提供了一种测量油气水三相流测 量方法, 包括下列步骤:
1)使输油管道内的油气水三相流进入盲三通混合管段。 盲三 通混合管段将改变油气水三相流流型并将油气水三相流进行混 合。
2)使流经盲三通混合管段的油气水三相流进入由单能 γ相分 率计, 差压式流量测量装置, 温度变送器, 压力变送器组成的计 量管段, 计量管段对油气水三相流的总流量差压 Δ Ρ、 含气率、 温 度、 压力进行测定。
3)使流经计量管段混合较均勾的油气水三相流进入所述油气 水三相流调整装置。
4)所述本发明的油气水三相流调整装置对油气水三相流进行 调整, 使部分持液气体从气路排出口、 液仓混合液溢出口排出液 仓内多余的油气水混合液进入汇流管段, 部分混合均勾的较低含 气的液体经取样器出口连接管段进入双能 γ相分率计, 对液相含 水率 WC进行测定。 计算油气水三相流的体积流量率, 本文所指流量率均为体积 流量率, 以下简称流量率。
计算公式为:
总流量率: Q = K*^Ap/p
油流量率: = 2·(ι- EMi- )
气流量率: w GVF
水流量率: =2·(1-
Δρ为差压值, Ρ为油气水混合密度。
p
Figure imgf000006_0001
+ p *(l-WC)}»(l-GVF)+p »GVF
使用油气水三相流调整装置的油气水三相流量测量装置可以 直接安装在输油管线上, 油气水三相流调整装置改善多相流流型 流态和区间组分, 从而提高了多相流测量装置的测量范围和测量 精度。 尤其在高含气的条件下, 可以较精确的测量流量和含水率。
使用本发明的多相流调整装置的油气水三相流量测量装置, 占用面积小, 重量轻, (占用面积小于 2m2, 重量小于 2吨)和输油 管线连接方便, 不会形成憋压, 安全性好, 对测量介质无任何损 害, 可较精确的对油气水三相流连续的在线测量, 也可做便携式 移动测井装置使用, 直接安装在井口, 平台上对单井进行油气水 产量、 压力、 温度、 含水率、 含气率测量和油井控制系统联结可 实现对油井的自动监控工作。
附图说明
以下结合附图对本发明的实施方式的详细描述, 本发明的目 的、 特征和优点将会更加明显。
图 1是本发明的多相流调整装置的一个实施例的示意图。 图 2是本发明的使用油气水三相流调整装置的油气水三相流 测量装置的一个实施例的示意图。 图 3是本发明的使用多相流调整装置的油气水三相流量测量 方法的主要流程图。
具体实施方式
下列结合附图详细描述本发明的实施例。
图 1示出了本发明的油气水三相流调整装置的实施例。
在图 1中,标号 1代表油气水三相流调整装置入口连接法兰, 2代表入口内缩径加速管段, 3代表气路出口管段, 4代表壳体, 5代表旋流导流管, 6代表排气管, 7代表接液锥体, 8代表锥体 混合器管段, 9代表混合液溢出口连接管段法兰, 10代表取样器, 11代表取样器出口连接管段。
该实施例的多相流调整装置是这样构成的: 入口连接法兰 1 和油气水三相流管线联接, 并依次和入口内缩径加速管段 2、 旋 流导流管 5连接, 排气管 6安装在旋流导流管 5的中心, 接液锥 体 7连接在锥体混合器管段 8的上面; 取样器 10, 取样器出口连 结管段 11, 依次连接, 并通过取样器出口连接管段和外连接。
气路出口连结管段 3安装在本装置顶部, 通过法兰可和汇管 联接, 混合液溢出口管段 9设在壳体 4下端适宜的位置, 溢出口 以下自然形成取样器液仓。
其过程为油气水三相流经入口内缩径加速管段 2加速后进入 旋流导流管 5做圓周旋流流动。 在旋流离心的作用下实现气液两 相分离, 被分离的气体从排气管 6 中心排出。 经气路出口连结管 段 3进入汇管。 被分离的液体延壁进入接液锥体 7进行二次旋流 分离, 使残留的气体进一步分离, 被分离后的液体经锥体混合器 管段 8将液相油、 水混合。 混合后的液体自然进入取样器液仓, 经取样器 10取样并经取样器出口连结管段 11流入外接双能 γ相 分率计, 进行含水率测量。 混合液溢出口管段 9位置根据取样器 液流量大小, 含气率的高低而确定, 起控制液仓液位作用。 本发 明的油气水三相流调整装置使用在油气水三相流测量装置中, 大 大提高了多相流测量装置对油气水三相流的测量适应范围, 同时 也提高了测量准确度。
图 2示出了本发明的一种使用了本发明的油气水三相流调整 装置的油气水三相流测量装置的实施例。
标号 1代表入口连结法兰, 2代表入口加速管段, 3代表气路 出口连结管段, 9代表混合液溢出口管段, 11代表取样器出口连 结管段, 15代表盲三通混合装置, 16代表温度变送器, 17代表 压力变送器, 18 代表单能 Y相分率计, 19 代表差压变送器, 20 代表差压式测量流量器件, 21代表连接管段, 22代表本发明的油 气水三相流调整装置, 23代表汇流管段, 24代表双能 Y相分率计, 25代表输油管道计量出口端, 26代表输油管道计量入口端。
该实施例的油气水三相流量测量装置是这样构成的: 在输油 管道计量入口端 26依次安装盲三通混合装置 15, 单能 γ相分率 计 18, 差压式测量流量器件 20, 连接管段 21, 多相流调整装置 22的入口连接法兰 1和连结管段 21连接, 油气水三相流调整装 置 22的气路出口连结管段 3, 混合液溢出口连结管段 9分别接汇 流管段 23, 取样器出口连结管段 11和双能 Y相分率计 24联接, 双能 Y相份率计 24出口端接汇流管段 23, 汇流管段 23出口接输 油管道 25, 温度变送器 16, 压力变送器 17依次安装在盲三通混 合装置 15上; 入口内缩径加速管段 2内截面几何形状不做限制, 可为圆形或为矩形;。
其测量过程, 从输油管道来的油气水三相流首先进入盲三通 混合装置 15, 使三相流原流态改变, 并将其混合。 单能 γ相分率 计 18测定油气水三相流含气率 GVF, 差压式测流量器件 20、 差 压变送器 19通过测定总流量差压值 Δ Ρ测总流量率 Q, 温度变送 器 16、 压力变送器 17分别测量管道内温度和压力; 油气水三相 流流入油气水三相流调整装置 22后, 经调整处理, 被分离后并混 合均勾的油水液体经取样器取样, 所取样液通过取样器出口连结 管段进入双能 Y相分率计 24, 测定含水率 WC, 再经汇流管段 23 进入输油管道。
所有测定数据经计算机处理系统进行计算, 然后输出油气水 三相流的各相流量率等测量结果。
本装置示意图 2中对计算机数据处理系统未做标示。
其计算公式为:
总流量率: Q =
Figure imgf000009_0001
油流量率: e。 = e*(i- G^ (I - )
气流量率: = Q' GVF
水流量率:
△ p 为多相流流过差压式测流量器件形成的差压, 由差压变 送器测得;
WC为含水率由双能 γ相分率计测得;
GVF为含气率由单能 γ相分率计测得;
P为油气水三相流的混合密度可用下式求得:
Figure imgf000009_0002
P 水、 P 油、 P气分别为三相流水、 油、 气的密度。
根据公知的油气水的压缩系数、 膨胀系数利用测得的温度、 压力就可以计算出标准状态下的油气水三相流各单相的流量率。
在本发明所做的实验中, 单能相分率计 18, 采用 241Am单能 Y相分率计, 双能 γ相分率计 24, 采用 Am+Ag双能 γ相分率计, 差压式测量流量器件 20采用文丘利器件。
应注意的是选用上述器件只用于说明, 并不构成对本发明的 限制。
通过实验, 上述装置可达到以下技术指标: 1. 含水率测量范围 0~100%
2. 含水率测量误差 <2%
3. 含气率测量范围 0〜100%
4. 曰产液量测量误差 <5%
5. 曰产气量测量误差 <10%
图 3是本发明的使用油气水三相流调整装置的油气水三相流 流量测量方法的主要流程图。
步骤:
3-1调整改变原油气水三相流流型流态, 并使其混合均匀; 3-2 利用差压式流量测量装置测量混合的比较均匀的油气水 三相流总流量差压 ΔΡ用于计算总流量率 Q;
3-3 利用单能 Y相分率计测量油气水三相流的含气率 GVF; 3-4 分离油气水三相流中的气体, 并使液体中的油水均匀混 合;
3-5 测量混合均匀的液体中的含水率 WC;
3-6 测量管道压力和油气水三相流的温度;
3-7 对测量的数据通过计算系统进行计算, 求得总流量率: Q , 油流量率 QG,气流量率 Qg, 水流量率 Qw;
计算公式
总流量率: Q = K»y]Ap/p
油流量率: (^ ).(l- 气流量率: = Q'GVF
水流量率:
△ p为差压表测得的差压式流量计的差压值;
P为油气水三相流的混合密度;
P水、 P油、 P气分别为三相流水、 油、 气的密度。

Claims

1. 一种油气水三相流调整装置, 其特征在于: 入口内缩径加 速管段 (2)用于对油气水三相流加速, 旋流导流管 (5)使油气水三相 流旋流运动分离出气体, 排气管 (6)为旋流气心排气通道; 接液锥 体 (7)使液体进行自然旋流, 实现二次气液分离, 混合器 (8)对分离 的液体中的油水进行混合使之均句; 混合液溢出口管段 (9)安装位 置用于控制液仓液位高度; 油气水三相流调整装置安装在输油管 道上, 用于改变油气水三相流原流型流态, 分离油气水三相流的 气体并使分离的液体混合均匀, 集油气水三相流气体分离, 被分 离的液体均勾混合, 混合液连续取样等多种功能于一体, 构成完 整的多相流调整装置。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的三相流调整装置, 其特征在于:
1)入口内缩径加速管段 (2)内截面几何形状不限制可为圆形或为矩 形;
2)旋流导流管截面几何形状不作限制可为圆或为矩形;
3) 旋流导流管 (5)盘旋螺道上内外分层开孔使分离的气、液陆续排 出, 也可以不开孔, 集中排气和排液;
4) 旋流导流管 (5)盘旋螺道可以独立构成,也可以用壳体壁作为其 构成的一部分。
3. 根据权利要求 1的所迷的三相流调整装置, 其特征在于: 入口内缩径加速器管段 (5)与壳体的柱面切向接入或垂直接入。
4. 一种油气水三相流量测量装置, 包括安装在输油管道上的 盲三通混合装置 (15)、 差压式流量测量器件 (20)、 单能 γ相分率计 (8)、 双能 γ相分率计 (24), 油气水三相流调整装置 (22)、 汇流管段 (23)、 连接管段 (21)以及计算装置, 其特征在于:
所述差压式流量测量器件 (20)和单能 γ相分率计 (18)安装在 油气水三相流调整装置 (22)及盲三通混合装置 (15)之间, 单能 Y相 分率计 (18)用于测量含气率 GVF, 差压式流量测量器件用于测量 油气水三相流总流量 ,
双能 Y相分率计安装在多相流调整装置取样器出口和汇流管 中间, 用于测量液相中的含水率 WC。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的油气水三相流量测量装置, 其特征 在于: 盲三通混合装置 (15)上安装有温度变送器重 (16)、 压力变送 器(17), 温度变送器和压力变送器测量混合液的温度和压力, 用 以计算标准状态下的油气水的体积流量。
6. 根据权利要求 4的油气水三相流量测量装置, 其特征在于: 还包括所述油气水三相流流量测量装置选用单能 γ相分率计 (18), 双能 γ相分率计 (24)用以测量含气率 GVF和含水率 WC。
7. 一种使用权利要求 4 的油气水三相流量测量装置的油气水 三相流量测量方法, 包括以下步骤:
1) 调整改变原油气水三相流流型流态, 并使其混合均匀;
2) 利用差压式流量测量装置测量混合的比较均匀的油气水三相 流总流量差压 Δ Ρ用于计算总流量率 Q;
3) 利用单能 Y相分率计测量油气水三相流的含气率 GVF;
4) 分离油气水三相流中的气体, 并使液体中的油水均匀混合;
5) 测量混合均匀的液体中的含水率 WC;
6) 测量管道压力和油气水三相流的温度;
7) 对测量的数据通过计算系统进行计算, 求得总流量率: Q , 油流量率 Q。,气流量率 Qg, 水流量率 Qw;
计算公式
总流量率: Q = K » ^jAp / p
油流量率: β。 = 2·(ι-σ^)·(ι- ) 气流量率: W GVF 水流量率:
Figure imgf000013_0001
△ ρ为差压表测得的差压式流量计的差压值; Ρ为油气水三相流的混合密度;
Ρ 水、 Ρ 、 Ρ气分别为三相流水、 油、 气的密度。
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