WO2004097448A1 - Systeme de transmission a quadrillage a base de grille - Google Patents

Systeme de transmission a quadrillage a base de grille Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004097448A1
WO2004097448A1 PCT/SG2003/000270 SG0300270W WO2004097448A1 WO 2004097448 A1 WO2004097448 A1 WO 2004097448A1 SG 0300270 W SG0300270 W SG 0300270W WO 2004097448 A1 WO2004097448 A1 WO 2004097448A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
transmitter
grid
reference point
quadrangle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SG2003/000270
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Aviv Tzidon
Original Assignee
ST Electronics (Training & Simulation Systems) Pte Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ST Electronics (Training & Simulation Systems) Pte Ltd. filed Critical ST Electronics (Training & Simulation Systems) Pte Ltd.
Priority to AU2003276816A priority Critical patent/AU2003276816A1/en
Priority to US10/554,877 priority patent/US7904242B2/en
Publication of WO2004097448A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004097448A1/fr
Priority to US12/860,836 priority patent/US20110071760A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/123—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating the position of vehicles, e.g. scheduled vehicles; Managing passenger vehicles circulating according to a fixed timetable, e.g. buses, trains, trams
    • G08G1/127—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating the position of vehicles, e.g. scheduled vehicles; Managing passenger vehicles circulating according to a fixed timetable, e.g. buses, trains, trams to a central station ; Indicators in a central station
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a grid-based transmission system and refers particularly, though not exclusively, to such a system to enable efficient sending and receiving of position messages for determining absolute positions of vehicles in a space.
  • All applications for location-based communication, command and control systems use information based on an X, Y-axis reference.
  • information When a network of moving members is involved, information has to be frequently updated. Depending on network's requirements for resolution and accuracy, the information may become a major part of the size of the message frame.
  • the size of the X-Y information in a one-meter resolution is, for example, greater than 52 bits (26 bits for X and 26 bits for Y), to cover 40,000 Km.
  • the receiving of a transmission allows one to assume the position of the transmitting member.
  • Some world-wide networks limit by regulation the maximum allowed transmitter output power.
  • a grid- based transmission system for determining relative positions of vehicles in a grid quadrangle of a reference grid, each vehicle having a transmitter and a receiver, comprising the steps:
  • the reference grid may be obtained by being generated, or by retrieving a stored and previously generated reference grid. Also, the reference grid may be based on the transmission range of the vehicle's transmitter or from the identity of the vehicle's transmitter. The transmission range may be obtained from a specification of the transmitter, and the reference point may be an agreed reference point, or a reference point generated by an agreed methodology.
  • the position message may also contain one or more of. the transmission range; an identity of the vehicle; an identity for all other vehicles that have previously sent a position message that was received by the vehicle; and the relative position of the all other vehicles.
  • a position message previously sent and/or received may be at any previous time and in particular may be within a pre-determined number of transmission cycles.
  • an additional step of receiving from a second vehicle a position message containing a relative position of the second vehicle.
  • the position message may also contain the identity or transmission range of the transmitter of the second vehicle, and an identity of the second vehicle.
  • the reference grid may be generated based on the identity or transmission range of the transmitter of the second vehicle.
  • the reference grid may be generated according to the absolute position to allow for different grid systems in different areas of the globe. That will provide a way to eliminate the problem of the longitude and latitude lines becoming closer as one approaches the north and south poles area making the quadrangle not a square, and potentially making the quadrangle smaller than the maximum range.
  • the quadrangle approximates a square.
  • the present invention also provides a method for determining relative position of vehicles in a grid quadrangle of a reference grid, all vehicles having a transmitter and receiver, the method comprising the steps:
  • the present invention provides a method for determining relative positions of vehicles in a grid quadrangle of a reference grid, all vehicles having a transmitter and a receiver, the method comprising the steps:
  • the reference point of the second vehicle is determined by the second vehicle, and is preferably selected from an agreed reference point, and a reference point generated by an agreed methodology.
  • the first vehicle determines its reference point, the reference point of the first vehicle being the same as or different to the reference point of the second vehicle.
  • the second vehicle may generate a relative position of the second vehicle relative to its reference point.
  • the reference grid may be obtained by being generated, or by retrieving a stored and previously generated reference grid.
  • the reference grid may be generated by using the identity of the transmitter of the first vehicle or a maximum transmitting range of the transmitter of the first vehicle.
  • the absolute position may be obtained by using a GPS.
  • the grid quadrangle may have a size greater than the maximum transmitting range.
  • the reference grid has a quadrangle size at least twice the maximum transmitting range.
  • the position message may also contain an identity of the first vehicle, and at least one of: the maximum transmission range of the transmitter of the first vehicle, and an identity of the transmitter of the first vehicle; and the reference grid is generated based on at least one of: the transmission range of the transmitter of the first vehicle, and an identity of the transmitter of the first vehicle.
  • the position message may also contains an identity of all other vehicles that have previously sent a position message that was received by the first vehicle, and the relative position of the all other vehicles; as received by the first vehicle in a predetermined number of previous transmission cycles.
  • the assigning of the reference point may be dynamic.
  • the second vehicle may use the relative position of the first vehicle, the maximum transmission range, and the absolute position of the second vehicle to determine the absolute position of the first vehicle.
  • the present invention provides a computer usable medium comprising computer program code that is configured to cause a processor to execute one or more functions to perform the method described above.
  • Figure 1 is an illustration of the methodology for determining network members positions using one aspect of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a flow chart for the methodology of a member calculating their own position according to a preferred aspect of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is an illustration of a receiver being within transmitter range
  • Figure 4 is a further illustration of a receiver being within transmitter range
  • Figure 5 is an illustration of a receiver being outside transmitter range.
  • the present invention is useable over a large area.
  • the space may be global, or regional. If regional, it may be for a country (for aircraft), an ocean (for ships), or a smaller area such as a city or state for land vehicles. It may be used for vehicles such as, for example, aircraft, ships, and land vehicles requiring communication between them of their relative positions.
  • land vehicles may include military vehicles, large trucks, fire trucks, railway locomotives, or the like.
  • a member If a member receives the message, then the member must be within the transmission range of the sender.
  • each member can send their position relative to an agreed grid and assigned reference point.
  • the network member receiving the position message is able to determine the position of the vehicle transmitting the position message by determining the grid reference point and adding to it the offset position.
  • each member can acquire the member's absolute location in latitude and longitude.
  • the appropriate reference grid is generated.
  • the reference grid can be generated based on one of: the transmitter range, the transmitter identity, or may be a previously used and stored reference grid. In the last case, a code for the grid is preferably included in the transmission.
  • the grid quadrangle in which the member is positioned is determined.
  • the reference point for the grid quadrangle is assigned to the grid.
  • the assigning of the reference point may be dynamic, and the methodology or calculation of the assigning of the grid reference point may be agreed.
  • the reference point may be any reference point in the grid such as, for example, lower left, south west, top right, north east, top left, north west, lower right, south east and so forth.
  • the member's transmitter's maximum range may be obtained from the transmitter's specifications. It is preferably pre-programmed into the vehicles' on-board computer. Alternatively, it may be set by regulation, by a standard, by a protocol, or by a convention or agreement.
  • the vehicles may store transmission ranges of transmitters so that all that needs be transmitted is the identity of the transmitter. The receiving vehicle can easily determine the range of the transmitter from the stored data.
  • the reference grid may be generated according to the absolute position to allow for different grid systems in different areas of the globe. That will provide a way to eliminate the problem of the longitude and latitude lines becoming closer as one approaches the north and south poles area making the quadrangle not a square, and potentially making the quadrangle smaller than the maximum range.
  • the quadrangle approximates a square. It may be a rectangle.
  • the quadrangle may be regular, or irregular. At least one of the lines of the quadrangle may not be straight.
  • the size and/or shape of the quadrangle may vary according to latitude and/or longitude.
  • the member's relative latitude and longitude position relative to the assigned reference point is then calculated.
  • Each member can transmit their relative position to all network members in a position message.
  • the transmitted position message should contain: (i) the member's identity, and
  • the reference grid is a predetermined grid this information is sufficient.
  • the network of members in the reference grid includes transmitters of more than one type and/or range, the data transmitted should include more data to enable generation of the reference grid.
  • the extra data included may comprise, for example:
  • the maximum transmitter range may be set by regulation, a standard, a protocol, a convention, or agreement.
  • sending member Receive a position message from another network member ("sending member") and recognize the maximum range of the transmitter of the sending member.
  • the receiver determines its absolute location in latitude and longitude.
  • the reference grid can be determined at the discretion of the receiver.
  • the receiver determines the grid reference point and calculates the transmitter's absolute position.
  • the receiver is then in the position of being able to send it to all other members in the network during the receiver's next transmission cycle. For each relative position there may be a different reference point.
  • the sending vehicle will have its reference point.
  • the receiving vehicle may share the same reference point. This may happen if the two vehicles are in the same quadrangle in the reference grid, but not necessarily. If the two vehicles are in different quadrangles of the reference grid, the reference points will be different if the same methodology for allocating a reference point is used.
  • the receiver knows the absolute position of the sender.
  • the receiver can then send its position message in its next transmission cycle.
  • the transmission message will also contain information of the position of the sending vehicle.
  • the information of the position of the sending vehicle may be limited to such information received in a predetermined number of transmission cycles so that the information is still relevant.
  • the predetermined number of will vary according to the nature of the vehicles. For relatively fast vehicles, the predetermined number will be relatively low; but for relatively slow vehicles, the predetermined number may be quite large.
  • the reference grid is constructed in such a way that for each position message received there will be only one reference point to which the relative position can refer knowing the receiver location. This quality can be achieved by using a grid that is two times larger than the range of the transmitters. Therefore calculating any received message will give a singular result.
  • FIG. 1 one example of a grid structure 10 is shown.
  • the receiver is shown by the large dot 11.
  • the transmitter is at T - but can not be the centre 12 of circle 13.
  • the circle 13 represents the maximum range of the transmitter of the transmitting vehicle T therefore the only T that can be the sender is the centre 15 of circle 16.
  • the position data is relative to the lower left corner and the transmitter T location can be in any of the Ts' instances. Therefore, the actual position T is determined by the location of receiver 11.
  • the radius of the circle is the maximum range and is designated r.
  • the difference between the total maximum range (i.e. the diameter of circle 13) and the size of each quadrangle R of grid 10 is ⁇ r. Therefore,
  • R 2 x r + ⁇ r
  • ⁇ r is an agreed safety margin.
  • ⁇ r is an agreed safety margin.
  • it is agreed upon at a practical level and may vary according to many factors such as, for example, the nature of the vehicles, where they are, and so forth. It should be considered as a constant during operation of the system. It may be, for example, 10%.
  • a network with 4000-meter transmitter range will be half the size (26 bit Vs 52 bit) of a network with a 8000- meter range.
  • the reference grid has a quadrangle size that is greater than, and preferably at least twice, the maximum transmitting range.
  • Figure 5 illustrates when member 11 is outside the transmission range of T's transmitter and therefore will not receive the position message. However, by this stage the member 11 is in a different grid quadrangle, but does bring with it the previous contact details of aircraft in previous communication cycles.
  • This network may use 2.4 GHz low power transmitters within the limitation of FCC part 15A.
  • the range that such an application requires has to be within the response time when a warning of a possible future collision arises.
  • One-minute warning is sufficient to change the direction of a ship and to create enough clearance between the two vessels.
  • the range that vessels can travel in one minute is less than 2 Km, so a network with a maximum range of 2 Km allows the globe to be divided into a grid having 4-Km quadrangles.
  • Each participant can transmit their global position with a 26-bit position message.
  • the present invention also provides a computer usable medium comprising computer program code that is configured to cause a processor to execute one or more functions to perform the method described above.
  • all transmissions and receptions may be automatic.
  • An on-board computer for each vehicle can perform all necessary computations.
  • the on-board computer is directly linked to the transmitter and receiver to enable full digital transmission and reception.
  • Transmission and reception may be in accordance with TDMA or CDMA standards and protocols.
  • the vehicle may have a display for indicating the relative positions of all vehicles within the quadrangle of the grid or transmission range.
  • the communication channel may have either or both of small position messages and more detailed position messages.
  • the more detailed position messages may contain different levels of detail, but all the position messages should contain the detail of the small position messages - the relative position of the sending vehicle. This may be applicable to all levels of the messages, and messages having all or some of the different levels of detail may appear in a communication session.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de transmission à base de grille, servant à déterminer les positions relatives de véhicules dans un quadrillage d'une grille de référence, chaque véhicule comportant un émetteur et un récepteur, ledit système comprenant des moyens de détermination d'une position absolue d'un véhicule. Une grille de référence est obtenue. Un point de référence est attribué pour la grille de référence ; et une position relative du véhicule par rapport au point de référence est générée. La grille de référence est une grille de référence préalablement générée et mémorisée, ou bien est générée sur la base de la position absolue et d'une portée d'émission d'un émetteur. Le véhicule émet un message de position contenant la position relative ; la portée d'émission ; une identité du véhicule ; une identité pour tous les autres véhicules qui ont émis antérieurement un message de position reçu par le véhicule ; et la position relative de tous les autres véhicules.
PCT/SG2003/000270 2003-04-28 2003-11-14 Systeme de transmission a quadrillage a base de grille WO2004097448A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003276816A AU2003276816A1 (en) 2003-04-28 2003-11-14 Grid-based transmission system
US10/554,877 US7904242B2 (en) 2003-04-28 2003-11-14 Grid-based transmission system
US12/860,836 US20110071760A1 (en) 2003-04-28 2010-08-20 Grid-based transmission system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US46576903P 2003-04-28 2003-04-28
US60/465,769 2003-04-28

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/860,836 Division US20110071760A1 (en) 2003-04-28 2010-08-20 Grid-based transmission system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004097448A1 true WO2004097448A1 (fr) 2004-11-11

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Family Applications (1)

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PCT/SG2003/000270 WO2004097448A1 (fr) 2003-04-28 2003-11-14 Systeme de transmission a quadrillage a base de grille

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US (2) US7904242B2 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003276816A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004097448A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004034031A1 (de) * 2004-07-13 2006-02-16 Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. Transportable Messsonde, Messsystem, Verfahren zur Erfassung von Messwerten sowie Verwendung des Messystems

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0242983A2 (fr) * 1986-04-21 1987-10-28 Unisys Corporation Système de positionnement basé sur des répondeurs
WO1995017685A1 (fr) * 1993-12-22 1995-06-29 Tanner Jesse H Systeme de localisation de vehicule et de prevention des collisions
EP1133115A2 (fr) * 2000-03-11 2001-09-12 Hewlett-Packard Company Détermination de positions utilisant les dispositifs mobiles à courte portée

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4428052A (en) * 1981-06-09 1984-01-24 Texas Instruments Incorporated Navigational aid autopilot
US20040155815A1 (en) * 2001-05-14 2004-08-12 Motorola, Inc. Wireless navigational system, device and method
US6718237B1 (en) * 2002-03-28 2004-04-06 Numerex Investment Corp. Method for reducing capacity demands for conveying geographic location information over capacity constrained wireless systems

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0242983A2 (fr) * 1986-04-21 1987-10-28 Unisys Corporation Système de positionnement basé sur des répondeurs
WO1995017685A1 (fr) * 1993-12-22 1995-06-29 Tanner Jesse H Systeme de localisation de vehicule et de prevention des collisions
EP1133115A2 (fr) * 2000-03-11 2001-09-12 Hewlett-Packard Company Détermination de positions utilisant les dispositifs mobiles à courte portée

Also Published As

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US20070073483A1 (en) 2007-03-29
AU2003276816A1 (en) 2004-11-23
US7904242B2 (en) 2011-03-08
US20110071760A1 (en) 2011-03-24

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