WO2004087970A1 - Method for recovery of nonferrous, rare and precious metals from robust minerals - Google Patents
Method for recovery of nonferrous, rare and precious metals from robust minerals Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004087970A1 WO2004087970A1 PCT/RU2003/000131 RU0300131W WO2004087970A1 WO 2004087970 A1 WO2004087970 A1 WO 2004087970A1 RU 0300131 W RU0300131 W RU 0300131W WO 2004087970 A1 WO2004087970 A1 WO 2004087970A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- robust
- minerals
- reducing agents
- nonferrous
- precious metals
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 33
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 29
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 20
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 13
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical class [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical class OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FHHJDRFHHWUPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N peroxysulfuric acid Chemical compound OOS(O)(=O)=O FHHJDRFHHWUPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 101100460584 Chaetomium thermophilum (strain DSM 1495 / CBS 144.50 / IMI 039719) NOC1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101100022229 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) MAK21 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101100313929 Schizosaccharomyces pombe (strain 972 / ATCC 24843) tip1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052586 apatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorine dioxide Inorganic materials O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052598 goethite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxy(oxo)iron Chemical compound [O][Fe]O AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 iron ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 2
- LLYCMZGLHLKPPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N perbromic acid Chemical class OBr(=O)(=O)=O LLYCMZGLHLKPPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004882 Na2S2O8 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000549556 Nanos Species 0.000 description 1
- 101100409194 Rattus norvegicus Ppargc1b gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Superoxide Chemical compound [O-][O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052656 albite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MJLGNAGLHAQFHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenopyrite Chemical compound [S-2].[Fe+3].[As-] MJLGNAGLHAQFHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052964 arsenopyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052948 bornite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052951 chalcopyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chalcopyrite Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[Fe+2].[Cu+2] DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-YPZZEJLDSA-N cobalt-57 Chemical compound [57Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-YPZZEJLDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052955 covellite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SCDFUIZLRPEIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorine heptoxide Inorganic materials O=Cl(=O)(=O)OCl(=O)(=O)=O SCDFUIZLRPEIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- NALMPLUMOWIVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,4-trimethylbenzeneamine oxide Chemical compound CC1=CC=C([N+](C)(C)[O-])C=C1 NALMPLUMOWIVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-RNFDNDRNSA-N nickel-63 Chemical compound [63Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-RNFDNDRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N peroxydisulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)OOS(O)(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021646 siderite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011697 sodium iodate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940032753 sodium iodate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015281 sodium iodate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium perchlorate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001488 sodium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/04—Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
- C22B3/10—Hydrochloric acid, other halogenated acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/44—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the method is referred to hydrometallurgy process and it serves for recovery of nonferrous, rare and precious metals from robust (hard to process) minerals, which may contain natural carbon or other robust compounds.
- bacterial leaching Passivation of carbon sorption activity using bacteria active life products (bacterial leaching) necessitates special fermenters for growing bacteria, fine grinding of the material, strict observance of temperature and chemical conditions, long duration of the process. In some cases, when there are great amounts of As and Sb, for instance, bacterial leaching proved impossible due to bacteria poisoning with heavy metals. Bearing in mind the above-mentioned, bacterial leaching has not been used extensively for processing robust carbonaceous minerals.
- Chlorination method of precious melal recovery from ores consisting in ore treatment by aqueous solution of hypochlorite, iron ions and acid at elevated temperature, is its immediate analog (prior art), solving the problem of precious metal recovery from robust minerals, which is described in US Patent No. 4439235 of 14.06.1982, Int.Cl C22D 3 ⁇ 00, U.S. CI: 75U01 R.
- hypochlorite for mineral oxidation, explained by the fact that hypochlorite decomposition, especially at elevated temperature, proceeds according to chlorates and chlorides formation mechanism, can be mentioned among drawbacks of the method described. Meanwhile, hypochlorite and its disproportionation products do not take part in oxidation of precious metals and their transfer to solution:
- This invention is aimed at increasing the recovery of nonferrous, rare and precious metals from robust minerals with simultaneous reduction of processing costs.
- the method for recovery of nonferrous, rare and precious metals from robust minerals envisages the processing of robust carbon-containing minerals by oxygen-containing oxidant with subsequent extraction of precious metal compounds from liquid phase, moreover, the treatment of robust carbon-containing minerals by oxygen-containing oxidant is performed in the presence of reducing agents featuring donor-acceptor properties, which are manifested in the fact that at the first stage of chemical reactions the reducing agents give theft electrons to oxygen-containing oxidant and, as a result, form a stronger oxidant than the initial one, in the from of short-lived radicals and intermediate oxidation products of donor-acceptor reducing agents, which are oxidants, as well.
- the treatment of robust carbon- containing minerals by oxygen-containing oxidant is realized in the presence of reducing agents featuring donor-acceptor properties.
- Donor-acceptor properties of the reducing agents used are pronounced in the fact that at the first stagp of chemical reactions the reducing agents givQ their electrons to oxygen-containing oxidant and as a result form a stronger than initial oxidant, in the form of short- lived radicals and intemiediate oxidation products of donor-acceptor reducing agents, which are mild and selective oxidants.
- NaNO 2 and SO 2 by way of example, it follows from the reactions presented that interaction between the Cl 2 - HC1O oxidant and donor-acceptor reducing agents gives rise to formation of many products, i.e. NaNO3, NOC1, NO2C1, HNO2, SO2C1, 02, H2SO5C12, etc., each of them can serve an independent oxidant for nonferrous, rare and precious metals.
- the oxidation potentials developed by the compounds during reduction to lower valency states fall within a wide range relative to normal hydrogen electrode.
- all the substances feature complexing properties and form compounds with nonferrous, rare and precious metals, required for the process.
- the presence of various compounds featuring diverse electrochemical and complexing properties during oxidation of nonferrous, rare and precious metals permits increasing thermodynamic probability of the metals oxidation and their transfer to solution.
- oxidants featuring the highest valency of acid residue atom for instance, chlorates, perchlorates, persulfates, perbromates, other oxygen-containing oxidants and their derivatives are used as oxidants in the presence of donor-acceptor reducing agents.
- the donor-acceptor reducing agents give rise to the formation of radical, i.e. oxygen superoxide, atomic oxygen and other highly reactive compounds, including the reducing agents oxidation products, which permits effective oxidation and dissolution of nonferrous, rare and precious metals contained in the minerals, i.e.:
- Hydrometallurgical oxidation was realized using ore featuring the following mineral composition: a) non-metallic minerals siderite- 18.2%, calcite- 1.0%, quartz- 8.3%, kaolin- 4.5 %, chlorite - 1.8%, aibite - 1.0%, hydromica - 1.0%, apatite - 0.3%; b) ore mineral goethite, limonite - 61.5%, pyrite - 1.2%, chalcopyrite - 0.85%, bornite 0.2%, covellite 0.1%.
- the ore contained gold 7.4 g/ton ore, platinum 56 g/ton ore, palladium 12 g/ton ore, and silver 150 g/ton ore, as well as copper 0.7% and cobalt 0.2%.
- Ammonium persulfate (NH 4 ) 2 S 2 O 8 was used as oxidant in the amount providing concentration of 10 g per liter, which was introduced into the slurry immediately after heating to assigned temperature. Check sample was agitated in parallel with the basic one without addition of donor-acceptor reducing agents.
- Na 2 SO 3 was introduced gradually into the basic sample.
- the feed rate depended on gas evolution intensity. Altogether 100 ml of solution containing donor- acceptor reducing agents was consumed in 30 minutes. Hence, 1 gram of NaNO 2 and 1 gram Na 2 SO 3 was consumed per total amount of the oxidant equal to 30 grams.
- the solutions prepared and solid residue were analyzed by atomic- absorption and assay analyses for ascertaining the extraction of nonferrous and precious metals into solution.
- Hydrometallurgical oxidation was realized using ore featuring the following mineral composition: a) non-metallic minerals siderite - 12.2%, calcite - 7.0%, quartz - 37.8%, kaolin - 3.7 %, chlorite - 2.8%, albite - 2.0%, hydromica - 12.0%, apatite - 0.7%, carbonaceous matter 4.5%: b) ore minerals goethite, limonite - 11.5%, pyrite - 3.2%, pyrrhotine - 2.5%, arsenopyrite - 0.1%.
- the ore contained gold 3.4 g/ton ore, platinum 2.6 g/ton ore, palladium 3.2 g/ton ore, and silver 5 g/ton ore.
- the ore was subjected to hydrometallurgical oxidation in hydrochloric acid solution, its concentration 10 g per liter, at L:S - 3:1, at a temperature of 40°C with intense agitation.
- Sodium hypochlorite NaCIO was used as oxidant in the amount providing the concentration of 5 g/1, which was introduced into the slurry immediately after heating up to the assigned temperature.
- the check sample was agitated in parallel with the basic one without addition of donor-acceptor reducing agents.
- Solution containing 10 g/1 of sodium nitrite NaNO 2 was introduced gradually into the basic sapiple. The feed rate depended on gas evolution intensity. Altogether 200 ml of solution containing donor-acceptor reducing agent was consumed in 30 minutes. Hence, 2 grams of NaNO 2 was consumpd per total amount of the oxidant equal to 15 grams.
- the solutions prepared and solid residue were analyzed by atomic- absorption and assay analyses for ascertaining the extraction of nonferrous and precious metals into solution.
- the concentrate contained gold 378 g/ton ore, platinum 47 g ton ore, palladium 126 g/ton ore, and silver 2480 g/ton ore, as well as 3.8% of nickel and 2.4% of cobalt.
- Ammonium perc orate (NH) 2 Cl 2 O7 was used as oxidant in the amount providing concentration of 10 g per liter, and sodium iodate NaJO 3 in the amount providing concentration of 5 g per liter, were introduced into the slurry immediately after heating to assigned temperature.
- the check sample was agitated in parallel with the basic one without addition of donor-acceptor reducing agents.
- Solution containing 10 g 1 of sodium sulfite Na 2 SO 3 and 5 g/i sodium thiosulfate Na 2 S 2 O 3 was gradually introduced in the basic sample.
- the feed rate depended on gas evolution intensity.
- 300 ml of solution containing donor- acceptor reducing agents was consumed in 45 minutes. So, 3 grams of Na 2 SO 3 and 1.5 grams of Na 2 S 2 O 3 were consumed per total amount of oxidants equal to 45 grams.
- the solutions prepared and solid residue were analyzed by atomic- absorption and assay analyses for ascertaining the extraction of nonferrous and precious metals into solution.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0519960A GB2414740B (en) | 2003-04-02 | 2003-04-02 | Method for recovery of nonferrous, rare and precious metals from robust minerals |
US10/540,362 US20060144191A1 (en) | 2003-04-02 | 2003-04-02 | Method for recovery of nonferrous, rare and precious metals from robust minerals |
PCT/RU2003/000131 WO2004087970A1 (en) | 2003-04-02 | 2003-04-02 | Method for recovery of nonferrous, rare and precious metals from robust minerals |
AU2003269743A AU2003269743B2 (en) | 2003-04-02 | 2003-04-02 | Method for recovery of nonferrous, rare and precious metals from robust minerals |
CA002521110A CA2521110C (en) | 2003-04-02 | 2003-04-02 | Method for recovery of nonferrous, rare and precious metals from robust minerals |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/RU2003/000131 WO2004087970A1 (en) | 2003-04-02 | 2003-04-02 | Method for recovery of nonferrous, rare and precious metals from robust minerals |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2004087970A1 true WO2004087970A1 (en) | 2004-10-14 |
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ID=33129389
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/RU2003/000131 WO2004087970A1 (en) | 2003-04-02 | 2003-04-02 | Method for recovery of nonferrous, rare and precious metals from robust minerals |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060144191A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003269743B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2521110C (en) |
GB (1) | GB2414740B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004087970A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009017434A1 (en) * | 2007-07-30 | 2009-02-05 | Shapovalov Viatcheslav Dmitrie | Method for recovering non-ferrous, rare, radioactive and precious metals from refractory mineral raw materials |
WO2011100821A1 (en) * | 2010-02-18 | 2011-08-25 | Neomet Technologies Inc. | Process for the recovery of gold from an ore in chloride medium with a nitrogen species |
US9889421B2 (en) | 2010-02-18 | 2018-02-13 | Brav Metal Technologies Inc. | Process for the recovery of metals and hydrochloric acid |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4439235A (en) * | 1982-02-04 | 1984-03-27 | James J. Shepard, Jr. | Chlorination process for removing precious metals from ore |
US4561947A (en) * | 1983-02-22 | 1985-12-31 | Skw Trostberg Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the recovery of noble metals from ores; which process uses thiourea |
US4605537A (en) * | 1984-09-17 | 1986-08-12 | Freeport Minerals Company | Sulfide as a hypochlorite kill agent |
US4979986A (en) * | 1988-02-22 | 1990-12-25 | Newmont Gold Company And Outomec U.S.A., Inc. | Rapid oxidation process of carbonaceous and pyritic gold-bearing ores by chlorination |
WO2002042503A1 (en) * | 2000-11-21 | 2002-05-30 | Orthotech Industrial Corporation | Recovery of precious metals from carbonaceous refractory ores |
Family Cites Families (6)
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US3793429A (en) * | 1972-02-18 | 1974-02-19 | Kennecott Copper Corp | Nitric acid process for recovering metal values from sulfide ore materials containing iron sulfides |
US4505537A (en) * | 1982-06-24 | 1985-03-19 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Light scanning apparatus |
US4626417A (en) * | 1983-09-29 | 1986-12-02 | Union Oil Company Of California | Methods for chemically reducing nitrogen oxides |
US5158582A (en) * | 1988-05-30 | 1992-10-27 | Hitachi Zosen Corporation | Method of removing NOx by adsorption, NOx adsorbent and apparatus for purifying NOx-containing gas |
US5425800A (en) * | 1993-10-26 | 1995-06-20 | Fmc Corporation | Recovery of precious metal values from refractory ores |
US6264909B1 (en) * | 1996-02-29 | 2001-07-24 | Drinkard Metalox, Inc. | Nitric acid production and recycle |
-
2003
- 2003-04-02 AU AU2003269743A patent/AU2003269743B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-04-02 CA CA002521110A patent/CA2521110C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-04-02 GB GB0519960A patent/GB2414740B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-04-02 WO PCT/RU2003/000131 patent/WO2004087970A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-04-02 US US10/540,362 patent/US20060144191A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4439235A (en) * | 1982-02-04 | 1984-03-27 | James J. Shepard, Jr. | Chlorination process for removing precious metals from ore |
US4561947A (en) * | 1983-02-22 | 1985-12-31 | Skw Trostberg Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the recovery of noble metals from ores; which process uses thiourea |
US4605537A (en) * | 1984-09-17 | 1986-08-12 | Freeport Minerals Company | Sulfide as a hypochlorite kill agent |
US4979986A (en) * | 1988-02-22 | 1990-12-25 | Newmont Gold Company And Outomec U.S.A., Inc. | Rapid oxidation process of carbonaceous and pyritic gold-bearing ores by chlorination |
WO2002042503A1 (en) * | 2000-11-21 | 2002-05-30 | Orthotech Industrial Corporation | Recovery of precious metals from carbonaceous refractory ores |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009017434A1 (en) * | 2007-07-30 | 2009-02-05 | Shapovalov Viatcheslav Dmitrie | Method for recovering non-ferrous, rare, radioactive and precious metals from refractory mineral raw materials |
WO2011100821A1 (en) * | 2010-02-18 | 2011-08-25 | Neomet Technologies Inc. | Process for the recovery of gold from an ore in chloride medium with a nitrogen species |
US8894740B2 (en) | 2010-02-18 | 2014-11-25 | Neomet Technologies Inc. | Process for the recovery of gold from an ore in chloride medium with a nitrogen species |
US9889421B2 (en) | 2010-02-18 | 2018-02-13 | Brav Metal Technologies Inc. | Process for the recovery of metals and hydrochloric acid |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2414740A (en) | 2005-12-07 |
GB0519960D0 (en) | 2005-11-09 |
US20060144191A1 (en) | 2006-07-06 |
AU2003269743B2 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
GB2414740B (en) | 2006-07-19 |
CA2521110A1 (en) | 2004-10-14 |
CA2521110C (en) | 2008-02-19 |
AU2003269743A1 (en) | 2004-10-25 |
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