WO2004078988A1 - Process for production of aromatic diols - Google Patents

Process for production of aromatic diols Download PDF

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WO2004078988A1
WO2004078988A1 PCT/JP2004/002654 JP2004002654W WO2004078988A1 WO 2004078988 A1 WO2004078988 A1 WO 2004078988A1 JP 2004002654 W JP2004002654 W JP 2004002654W WO 2004078988 A1 WO2004078988 A1 WO 2004078988A1
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aromatic
group
compound
diol
aromatic ring
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PCT/JP2004/002654
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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Norihiko Misawa
Kazutoshi Shindo
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Marine Biotechnology Institute Co. Ltd.
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Priority to JP2005503074A priority Critical patent/JPWO2004078988A1/en
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    • C07C215/46Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of at least one six-membered aromatic ring and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings of the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C215/48Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of at least one six-membered aromatic ring and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings of the same carbon skeleton with amino groups linked to the six-membered aromatic ring, or to the condensed ring system containing that ring, by carbon chains not further substituted by hydroxy groups
    • C07C215/52Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of at least one six-membered aromatic ring and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings of the same carbon skeleton with amino groups linked to the six-membered aromatic ring, or to the condensed ring system containing that ring, by carbon chains not further substituted by hydroxy groups linked by carbon chains having two carbon atoms between the amino groups and the six-membered aromatic ring or the condensed ring system containing that ring
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    • C07D211/72Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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    • C07D213/24Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
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    • C07D277/62Benzothiazoles
    • C07D277/64Benzothiazoles with only hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached in position 2
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    • C07D311/04Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring
    • C07D311/22Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4
    • C07D311/26Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3
    • C07D311/28Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 only
    • C07D311/30Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 only not hydrogenated in the hetero ring, e.g. flavones
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    • C07D311/04Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring
    • C07D311/22Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4
    • C07D311/26Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3
    • C07D311/28Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 only
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Definitions

  • the technical field to which the present invention pertains is the biocatalytic engineering of lipids / lipidic compounds (ie, substances that are more soluble in organic solvents (eg, H-octanol) than water), which are organic low molecular weight compounds. Or enzyme engineering). Specifically, by biotechnological conversion using recombinant microorganisms such as recombinant Escherichia coli, industrially useful organic low-molecular-weight compounds such as pharmaceuticals or pharmaceutical-like compounds, and chemical synthesis methods for connecting them They are trying to manufacture building blocks.
  • the present invention uses, as a raw material, an aromatic compound containing a phenyl group or the like, from which two hydroxyl groups are specifically formed at adjacent positions in an aromatic group such as a phenyl group.
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing an introduced aromatic compound (aromatic diol), and an aromatic polyol having an antioxidant activity obtained by the production method.
  • Aromatic dioxygenase usually comprises ferredoxin and ferredoxin reductase (alias: NAD (P) H ferredoxin reductase), and further comprises a dioxygenase enzyme [ A subunit (one subunit) and a small subunit (/ 3-subunit)].
  • aromatic ring dioxygenases are known, and the structure and function of the gene encoding them are also being analyzed.
  • typical aromatic ring dioxygenase genes that have been isolated and analyzed to date include Pseudomonas putida F1, which is an organic solvent-utilizing bacterium such as toluene and benzene.
  • Toluene dioxygenase gene Zylstra, GJ and Gibson, DT, Toluene degradation by Pseudomonas putida Fl: nucleotid e sequence of the tod C1C2BADE genes and their expression in Escherichia coli. J. Biol. Chem. , 264, 14940-14946, 1989) and Pseudomonas
  • the present inventors have recently reported that Pseudomonas as an aromatic dioxygenase gene.
  • DNA shuffling was performed with a DNA encoding the large subunit of biphenyldioxygenase from a certain Burkholderia cepacia LB400 strain to expand the range of substrate specificities Gene [M (2072) gene is called] .
  • a modified biphenyldioxygenase gene comprising the bphAl (2072) gene and a gene (bphA2A3A4 gene) encoding three components other than the large subunit of biphenyldioxygenase derived from Pseudomonas pseudoalkagenes strain KF707 (bphA2A3A4 gene) Group) was prepared. Using Escherichia coli transformants into which this gene has been introduced and expressed, we investigated whether aromatic compounds containing various phenyl groups, etc. could be converted (can be recognized as substrates).
  • the amino acid sequence of this large biphenyldioxygenase large sapunit is shown in DDBJ / Genbank accession AB085748.
  • the amino acid sequences of the small subunit (BphA2), ferredoxin (BphA3), and ferredoxin reductase (BphA4) of the KF707 strain are shown in DDBJ / Genbank accession M83673.
  • An example of the aromatic-cis-dihydrodiol compound produced by this study is shown below.
  • a typical example of the reaction is a low-molecular organic compound in which a heterocyclic aromatic group and a phenyl group are a single bond (biphenyl bond) as a substrate, and a heterocyclic aromatic group-cis- 2, 3-dihydrobenzenediol Qieteroaromatic group-cis-2, 3
  • heterocyclic aromatic group _c is- 2,3-dihydroxycyclohexa-4,6-diene, eteroaroamtic group-cis-2, 3-dihydroxycyclohexa-4, 6-diene Is a stereo-specific reaction.
  • the present cis-dihydrodiol form has a main use as a building block for further stereoselective chemical synthesis.
  • the rodiol form of the fenyl ring is doomed to be cleaved (Hudlicky, T., Gonzales, D., and Gibson, DT, Aldrichimica Acta, 32, 35-62, 1999).
  • organic low molecular weight compounds having a physiological activity contain an aromatic group such as a phenyl group or various heterocyclic groups.
  • an aromatic group such as a phenyl group
  • a hydroxyl group is introduced into an aromatic group (a phenyl group) in a position-specific manner while leaving a double bond in the aromatic group such as a phenyl group.
  • High Throughput Screening is often used to search for hit compounds.
  • lead compounds normally with a molecular weight of 100-
  • oral drugs also called synthetic drugs and low molecular weight drugs
  • a reaction that attaches a plus and a minus (for example, a compound of two precursors is introduced through a -NHC0- bond) Reaction), but it is difficult to introduce a functional group such as a hydroxyl group into a specific position of a compound or to introduce it stereospecifically.
  • the present invention compensates for the weaknesses of the above-mentioned chemical synthesis methods, and is useful for producing industrially useful organic low molecular weight compounds such as screening source libraries and lead compound analogs.
  • the task is to improve the quality of these and increase diversity.
  • More specific problems to be solved by the present invention include organic low molecular weight compounds containing an aromatic group such as a phenyl group, for example, an unsubstituted phenyl group and a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent.
  • an aromatic group such as a phenyl group
  • a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent.
  • organic low molecular compounds containing a phenyl group and a heterocyclic group were selected as typical substrates for the development of this technology is that these two types of functional substances are used for oral active pharmaceuticals and other physiologically active substances.
  • the inventor aimed to establish a technology for creating a new organic low-molecular compound using biological functions by adopting a rapidly progressing molecular biological technique.
  • a group of biodegradation or biosynthesis pathways Focusing on enzymes, if necessary, reducing the substrate specificity of each constituent enzyme using molecular evolution engineering techniques, etc., and causing “biodegradation” or “biosynthesis” reactions on a wide range of compounds,
  • the aim was to establish technology for creating new compounds with high efficiency.
  • bioCombiCliem Bio-gy-based Combinatorial Chemistry
  • the present inventor has conducted intensive studies to solve the above specific problems through research for the construction of BioCombiChem technology.
  • the bphB gene [pseudoalcal igenes] KF707 derived bphB gene [aromatic ring (biphenyl) dihydrodiol desaturase (pseudoalcal igenes) along with the aforementioned modified aromatic ring (modified pifenyl) dioxygenase gene [bphAl (2072) A2A3A4] Dehydrogenase) gene] simultaneously reacts with organic low-molecular-weight compounds containing an aromatic group such as a phenyl group, and two hydroxyl groups are adjacent to the aromatic group such as a phenyl group to introduce a position-specific aromatic compound.
  • aromatic diols are formed.
  • the organic low molecular weight compound containing an aromatic group such as a phenyl group which is a substrate used in the present invention, is obtained by the reaction of various aromatic ring dioxygenases and aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturases performed so far.
  • aromatic ring diols could be produced specifically using such a substrate.
  • the aromatic ring dihydrodiol (dihydropiphenyldiol) desaturulase (dehydrogenase) used in the present invention converts various reaction products (aromatic dihydrodiol compound) generated by the modified aromatic ring (modified biphenyl) oxygenase. This means that it was continuously recognized as a substrate, and the conversion reaction could be performed more efficiently.
  • the present invention has been completed based on the above findings.
  • the present invention includes the following inventions.
  • HI is a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent
  • A1 is a single bond or an alkylene group or an alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent
  • P2 is a phenyl group which may have a substituent
  • A2 is an alkylene group or an alkenylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent
  • C1 is a heteroatom-substituted cyclic group. It is a hydrocarbon group, provided that the cyclic hydrocarbon group for C1 does not include a phenyl group.
  • a method for producing an aromatic diol comprising obtaining
  • HI is a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent
  • A1 is a single bond or an alkylene group or an alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
  • P2 is a phenyl group which may have a substituent, and A2 has a substituent
  • C1 is a hetero atom-substituted cyclic hydrocarbon group.
  • the cyclic hydrocarbon group for C1 does not include a phenyl group.
  • a method for producing an aromatic diol comprising obtaining
  • the recombinant microorganism has introduced a gene encoding an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase derived from a biphenyl-degrading bacterium, or those obtained by modifying them by a molecular evolution engineering technique.
  • A1 is a single bond or an alkylene group or an alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent
  • P3 is a phenyl group having a substituent
  • H2 is an unsubstituted heterocyclic aromatic group. Group.
  • a method for producing a heterocyclic aromatic diol comprising obtaining an aromatic compound into which is introduced.
  • Aromatic dioxygenase and aromatic dihydrodiol desaturase derived from biphenyl-degrading bacteria, or modified by molecular evolution engineering The production method according to the above (6), wherein
  • A1 is a single bond or an alkylene group or an alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent
  • P3 is a phenyl group having a substituent
  • H2 is an unsubstituted heterocyclic aromatic group. Group.
  • the recombinant microorganism has introduced a gene encoding an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase derived from biphenyl-degrading bacteria, or those obtained by modifying them by a molecular evolution engineering technique.
  • the aromatic compound containing a phenyl group represented by the formula (1), (II) or (III) is selected from the group consisting of flavone, flapanone, 6-hydroxyflavone, 6-hydroxyflavanone .. 7-hid Roxy isoflavone, 2-phenylpyridine, 2-phenylindole, 2-phenylbenzoxazole, 2-phenylbenzothiazole, 2-phenylquinoline, 4-phenylmorpholine, 1-benzylimidazole, 2- The method according to any one of the above (1) to (5), which is selected from the group consisting of benzylpyridine, 1-benzylpiperidone, (trans-) chalcone, and 3-phenylindanone.
  • the aromatic compound having a heterocyclic aromatic group represented by the formula (IV) is 2′-hydroxy-2-phenylpentoxazole, and the obtained heterocyclic aromatic diol is 2_ (The production method according to any one of the above (6) to (10), which is (2-hydroxyphenyl) benzoxazol-4,5-diol.
  • the aromatic diol is 2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -6-hydroxychromen-4-one, 3-indole-2-ylbenzene-1,2-diol, 3-benzoxazole-
  • A1 is a single bond or an alkylene group or alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
  • BOC represents a BOC protecting group
  • A1 is as defined above.
  • A1 is a single bond or an alkylene group or alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
  • the aromatic diol compound (V) is obtained by culturing in a medium containing a compound in which the amino group of the aromatic compound represented by the formula is protected by a B0C protecting group, and
  • BOC represents a BOC protecting group
  • A1 is as defined above.
  • a method for producing an aromatic diol comprising obtaining
  • a recombinant microorganism has introduced a gene encoding an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase derived from biphenyl-degrading bacteria, or those obtained by modifying them by molecular evolution engineering techniques
  • A3 is an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent or an alkenylene group.
  • R represents an alkyl protecting group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
  • A3 is as defined above.
  • a method for producing an aromatic diol comprising obtaining
  • A3 is an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkenylene group which may have a substituent.
  • the aromatic diol compound (VP) is obtained by culturing in a medium containing a compound in which the alkoxyl group of the aromatic compound represented by is protected by an alkyl protecting group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • R represents an alkyl protecting group
  • A3 is as defined above.
  • a method for producing an aromatic diol comprising obtaining
  • Aromatic ring dioxygenase (biphenyl dioxygenase) and aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturylase (dihydrobiphenyldiol desaturylase)
  • two kinds of enzymes namely, a modified aromatic ring (modified biphenyl) dioxy are used.
  • aromatic dioxygenase hereinafter simply referred to as "aromatic dioxygenase”
  • aromatic ring (biphenyl) dihydrodiol desaturase (dehydrogenase)
  • aromatic dihydrodiol desaturase aromatic dihydrodiol desaturase
  • Such microorganisms include, for example, biphenyl-degrading bacteria that degrade biphenyl PCBs and the like, for example, genus Pseudomonas, genus Comamonas, genus Burk olderia, and sphingomonas. ), Rhodococcus, Ralstonia, and the like.
  • bacteria belonging to these genera include Pseudomonas pseudoalcal igenes, Comamonas tes tos teroni, Burkholderia cepac ia, and Sphingos.
  • Monas alomati sivorans (Shingomonas aromatic ivorans), Rhodococcus .globerlus (Rodococcus glo berul us), Ralstonia oxalati power (Ralstonia oxalat ica) and the like. These bacteria are available from culture collections such as ATCC and DSMZ.
  • the microorganisms that can be used in the present invention are not limited to those described above. Any microorganism can be used as long as it has at least one of a gene encoding an aromatic ring dioxygenase or an enzyme having an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase activity. Such a thing can be used.
  • aromatic ring dioxygenase gene and the aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase gene are usually located in close proximity to each other in genomic DNA or plasmid DNA. If a clone containing the gene, for example, a cosmid clone, is isolated by the colony hybridization method or the like, the other gene can be easily isolated together.
  • Bacteriol.Sepacia LB400 strain (close to the genus Pseudomonas) (Erickson, BD, Mondello, FJ, ucleotide sequencing and transcriptional mapping of the genes encodin g biphenyl dioxgenase, a multicomponent polyc lorinated-biphenyl-degrading enzyme in Pseudomonas strain LB400. , 174, 2903-2912, 1992) and isolated the above two types of enzyme genes.
  • A2 A3A4 derived from Pseudoalkaligenes strain KF707 was released on September 13, 2000, by the former Ministry of International Trade and Industry, (Currently the Patent Organism Depositary Center X305-8566, Tsukuba East Bureau, Ibaraki Pref., Central No. 6) (Accession No. FERM BP-7300).
  • the aromatic ring dioxygenase gene (bphAl (2072) A2A3A4) including the bphAl (2072) gene which was evolved by performing DNA shuffling between bphA1 derived from Pseudomonas pseudoalkagenes KF707 strain and b. E. coli JM109 (PKF2072), which incorporates E.
  • SEQ ID NO: 1 shows the sequence (GenBank accession M83673) of aromatic ring dihydroxydiol desaturase gene bpliB derived from Pseudomonas and pseudoalkagenes strain KF707.
  • Biphenyl dihydrodiol diol The aromatic ring dioxygenase gene consists of bphAL bpM2, bpM3 and bphA4, and the aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase consists of the bphB gene.
  • aromatic ring dioxygenase and aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase referred to in the present specification include not only those produced from microorganisms having the above genes, but also, for example, molecules such as DNA shuffling between those genes.
  • Modified aromatic ring dioxygenase and modified aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase produced from a recombinant microorganism into which a modified gene obtained by performing an evolutionary engineering technique has been introduced are also included.
  • the present inventors conducted a DNA shuffling between bphAl of Pseudomonas pseudoalkagenes KF707 strain and bpliAl of Burgholderia sepacia LB400 strain in the present invention to expand the substrate specificity of the encoded enzyme, bphAl gene ( DDBJ / Genbank accession AB085748), and bphA2, bpM3, bpM4, and bpliB genes (DDBJ / Genbank accession M83673) derived from Pseudomonas and pseudoalcaligenes KF707 strain.
  • the present invention is not limited to those utilizing enzymes produced from recombinant microorganisms having these gene sequences, since there are other corresponding genes having similar enzyme activities. Needless to say.
  • the recombinant Escherichia coli in which the (bphB) gene has been introduced and expressed and the enzymes produced by the recombinant Escherichia coli can be used.
  • the method for introducing and expressing a foreign gene into Escherichia coli can be performed by a conventional method
  • a promoter can be used to express the bphAl (2072) A2A3A4 gene.
  • the microorganism used as a host is not limited to Escherichia coli.
  • the present invention not only produces an aromatic diol by mixed culture of a recombinant microorganism and a substrate to be converted, but also extracts an enzyme produced by the recombinant microorganism or a non-recombinant microorganism having a corresponding gene.
  • An aromatic diol can also be produced using the extracted enzyme.
  • an aromatic ring dioxygenase gene an aromatic ring dioxygenase produced by a microorganism having an aromatic ring dialdehyde mouth diol desaturase gene, or a modified gene thereof, and an aromatic ring dihydrogenase Using diol desaturase, the following formula (1), (II) or (III):
  • HI is a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent
  • A1 is a single bond or an alkylene group or an alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent
  • P2 is a phenyl group which may have a substituent
  • A2 is an alkylene group or an alkenylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent
  • C1 is a heteroatom-substituted cyclic group. It is a hydrocarbon group, provided that the cyclic hydrocarbon group for C1 does not include a phenyl group.
  • heterocyclic group refers to a monocyclic or bicyclic ring containing, as a ring atom, one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, and a sulfur atom.
  • heterocyclic group examples include 5 which may be substituted by a C M alkyl group.
  • Specific examples of the heterocycle constituting the "heterocyclic group" include quinoline, indole, indanone, benzothiazole, benzoxazole, pyridine, 3-methylpyridine, pyrimidine, pyrrole, pyrazole, and 3-methylpyrazole.
  • heteroatom-substituted cyclic hydrocarbon include an indanyl group.
  • the alkylene group is-(CH 2 ) n- (where n is an integer of 1 to 4), for example, a methylene group, an ethylene group, a trimethylene group, a tetramethylene group, an ethylidene group, an isopropylidene group And a propylene group.
  • alkenylene group examples include a vinylene group, a 1-probenylene group, a 1-ptenylene group, a 2-butenylene group, and the like.
  • Examples of the compounds suitably used in the present invention include the following compounds.
  • the following corresponding aromatic diol compounds can be obtained from 16 compounds of the formulas (I) to (III) shown above.
  • a reaction with a culture solution, a crude enzyme, a purified enzyme, etc.) or a method of culturing with a microorganism producing the above two enzymes can be carried out by a conventional method in the same manner as a usual enzyme reaction or culture method.
  • a method of culturing a microorganism that produces an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase together with the compounds represented by the above formulas ( ⁇ ) to ( ⁇ ⁇ ) is performed as follows. Can be.
  • the medium for culturing the microorganism may be any medium in which the microorganism can grow, and specifically, LB medium, ⁇ 9 medium, KB medium, YM medium, KY medium, F101 medium, etc. Is exemplified.
  • any carbon compound that can assimilate and grow cells can be used.
  • the nitrogen source for example, inorganic nitrogen sources such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate, and organic nitrogen sources such as yeast extract, peptone and meat extract can be used. In addition to these, if necessary, inorganic salts, metal salts, vitamins, and the like can be added.
  • the cultivation is usually performed at a temperature of 20 to 40 ° C, more preferably 25 to 35 ° C, and a pH of 5 to 9 is preferable.
  • shaking culture or rotation culture may be used as appropriate.
  • the culture After completion of the culture, the culture is centrifuged, the supernatant is collected, and the supernatant is extracted using an organic solvent such as ethyl acetate. Then, the target aromatic diol can be obtained by treating the extract with column chromatography or the like.
  • A1 is a single bond or an alkylene group or alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent
  • is a phenyl group having a substituent
  • H2 is an unsubstituted heterocyclic aromatic group. Group.
  • heterocyclic aromatic group refers to a group having an aromatic property among the aforementioned heterocyclic groups, for example, a benzoxazolyl group.
  • the aromatic diol compound obtained by the method of the present invention has an antioxidant effect, it is useful as an antioxidant. Also, 2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -6-hydroxychroman-4-one, 3- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -7-hydroxychromene obtained by the method of the present invention.
  • an aromatic compound having an amino group and a phenyl group in the molecule aromatic primary amine
  • a method for producing an aromatic diol is provided.
  • Such an aromatic primary amine hydroxide is useful as a building block for the chemical synthesis of industrially useful organic low molecular compounds such as oral drugs and chemical raw materials.
  • low molecular organic compounds having amino groups primary amines
  • the electron density shifts toward the nitrogen atom.
  • the amino group is nucleophilic. Due to this nature of primary amines, introducing a functional group at any carbon atom site while leaving the amino group intact is very difficult, both by biotransformation reactions and organic chemical reactions. It was difficult.
  • a hydroxyl group could be introduced into a phenyl group in the molecule.
  • the fluorinated imide derivative of the aromatic primary amine can be easily converted to a free form by treating with hydrazine hydrate.
  • the conversion rate of the phthalimide derivative of an aromatic primary amine is as low as 4 to 5%, and it cannot be converted in Escherichia coli having a similar aromatic ring dioxygenase gene (Patent Document 1). See).
  • a compound bearing a -BOO protecting group (-COOC (CH 3 ) 3 ) is an aromatic dioxygenase [
  • the substrate of the aromatic ring dioxygenase and the aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase is represented by the following formula (V):
  • A1 is a single bond or an alkylene group or alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
  • BOC represents a BOC protecting group
  • Al is as defined above.
  • the alkylene group and the alkenylene group is as described above.
  • the B0C protecting group can be attached to the amino group according to a conventional method.
  • BOC t-BOC
  • t-BOC is obtained by dissolving an aromatic primary amine in 50% dioxane and reacting it with di-tert-butyl dicarbonate in alkali.
  • compounds of formula (V) include aniline, benzylamine, 1-phenylethylamine:
  • the BOC protecting group can be easily deprotected by stirring at room temperature for 3 hours in dichloromethane containing 10% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). As a result, it can be converted back to an aromatic diol having a free amino group as shown below.
  • the 23 compounds are new compounds.
  • the present invention further provides a method for producing an aromatic diol from an aromatic compound having a carboxylic acid and a phenyl group in the molecule (aromatic carboxylic acid).
  • aromatic carboxylic acid hydroxide is useful as a building block for the chemical synthesis of industrially useful organic low molecular compounds such as oral drugs and chemical raw materials.
  • the aforementioned organic low molecular weight compound having an amino group (primary amine) is a building block having a positive charge, while an aromatic carboxylic acid is a building block having a negative charge.
  • aromatic carboxylic acid itself is used as an aromatic dioxygenase [bphAl (2072) ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4] gene and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase
  • bphAl (2072) ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4] gene an aromatic dioxygenase [bphAl (2072) ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4] gene and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase
  • the substrate of the aromatic ring dioxygenase and the aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase is represented by the following formula (VI):
  • A3 is an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkenylene group which may have a substituent.
  • the carboxyl group of the aromatic compound represented by is converted to an alkyl ester having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as methyl (acyl) ester and then reacted with an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase to obtain an aromatic compound.
  • R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as a methyl group, and A3 is as defined above.
  • R is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, etc. Is mentioned.
  • the protection of the aromatic carboxylic acid by methyl esterification of the carboxylic acid can be carried out by a conventional method, for example, by the following method. 500 nig of aromatic carboxylic acid is dissolved in 5 ml of 5% HCl-MeOH (methanol hydrochloride) solution and reacted at room temperature for 6 hours.
  • the HC 1-MeOH solution is distilled off under reduced pressure, and the remaining reaction product is purified by a silica gel column (diameter 1 cm ⁇ length 15 cm) to obtain a carboxylic acid methyl ester.
  • Alkyl groups such as methyl groups in the reaction product VI ′ can be easily converted back into free aromatic carboxylic acids by stirring with alkylation.
  • the aromatic carboxylic acid methyl ester can be returned to free aromatic carboxylic acid by stirring for 6 hours with a hydrochloric acid-potassium carbonate aqueous solution (80:20).
  • This aromatic carboxylic acid can be easily recovered by adding about 5 times the amount of water to the reaction solution, converting the solution to PH3-4 with hydrochloric acid, and separating the solution with ethyl acetate.
  • compounds of formula (VI) include:
  • this methyl ester can be returned to an aromatic diol having a free carboxylic acid as shown in the figure below by stirring in an alcohol.
  • the plasmid PKF2072 for expressing a modified aromatic ring (modified biphenyl) digoxygenase gene can be prepared by, for example, referring to the method described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-269).
  • the DNA (bphAl) encoding the large subunit of the aromatic ring (biphenyl) dioxygenase was amplified by PCR using a bphAl primer consisting of a common flanking sequence. Isolated. When showing the base sequence of the bphAl primer,
  • PCR conditions are 94. 25 cycles were performed at C 1 minute, 521.5 minutes, and 72 ° C 1 minute.
  • the two types of bpliA1 isolated above were mixed, and digested with 0.15 units of Dnase I (Takara Shuzo) at 15 for 6 minutes. After collecting the 10-50 bp DNA fragment from the agarose gel, mix, and perform self-priming PCR, PCR with bphAl primer added, and PCR products containing various chimeric bphAl in which the amino acid sequence has been changed randomly (DNA shuffling). Got.
  • the PCR was carried out under the same conditions as described above.
  • PCR products containing various chimeric bphAl were purified from agarose gel after double digestion with ⁇ / 1 ⁇ .
  • pJHFIS Expression plasmid pJHFIS containing the bphAlA2A3A4-bphB-bphC gene group of pseudoalcaligenes strain KF707 (Hirose, J., Auyama, A., Hayas ida, S., Furukawa, K., Gene, 128, 27-33, 1994) The reaction proceeds until meta-cleavage, so when biphenyl is used as a substrate, 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-phenylhexa-2,4-genic acid (2 -Hydroxy-6-oxo-6-phenylhexa-2, 4-dienoic ac id).
  • the meta-cleavage product is yellow and can be monitored at 434 nm.
  • plasmid PJHF18 since one site of Mlul site is in bphAl, by digesting with Hnl, filling-in and performing re-ligation, plasmid pJHF18A Mlul in which only ⁇ was destroyed was prepared (T. Kumamaru, H. Suenag a, M. Mitsuoka, T. Watanabe, K. Furukawa, Nature Biotechnology, 16, 663-666, 1998).
  • pJHF18A Mlul was double digested with ⁇ / ⁇ to remove the 1.39 kb fragment containing only the AbpliAl gene, and instead of the PCR product containing the various chimeric bphAls prepared above ( ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ After heavy digestion), various plasmids (pSHF1000 series) containing various modified aromatic dioxygenase genes (modified bphAl:: bphA2A3A4 gene) and bp! IBbphC gene were obtained.
  • Escherichia coli XU-Blue having these various plasmids was charged with biphenyl vapor, and colonies capable of exhibiting a yellow color by meta-cleavage were selected and used in subsequent experiments.
  • colonies capable of exhibiting a yellow color by meta-cleavage it means that the modified bphAl gene obtained by DNA shuffling can function normally.
  • the shuffled bphAl :: bpM2A3A4 gene group contained in the plasmid PSHF1072 is A plasmid PKF2072 for expression of a modified aromatic dioxygenase gene, which was inserted in a direction to receive the transcription read-through of the lac promoter of the E. coli vector PUC118, was produced. More specifically, a 6.78 kb Xhol fragment containing the shuffled bphAl-bp AA3A4-b PhB-bphC gene group was excised from plasmid PSHF1072, and inserted into one site of pUC118.
  • a plasmid PKF2072 in which a 5.35 kb fragment containing only the shuffled bpl (derived from PSHFI072) :: bphA2A3A4 gene was inserted in a direction to receive the transcription read-through of the pUC118 promoter was obtained.
  • the shuffled bphAl (derived from pSHF 1072) gene in this plasmid PKF2072 is hereinafter referred to as the bphAl (2072) gene.
  • the nucleotide sequence of this gene has been registered in GenBank accession AB085748.
  • the base sequence of bpM2A3A4 is registered in GenBank accession M83673.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 Mottin, N., S indo, K., Takahashi, ⁇ ., Suenaga, ⁇ ., Iguchi, ⁇ ., Okazaki, ⁇ ., Harayama, S., and Furukawa, ⁇ ., Hydroxylat ion of various molecules including eterocyc lie aromatics using recombinant Escherichia col i cells expressing niodified bihenyl di oxygenase genes.Tetrahedron, 58, 9605-9612, 2002)) and Patent Document 1 (JP No.
  • Escherichia coli converts heterocyclic aromatic compounds containing various phenyl groups, etc., and regiospecifically positions two hydroxyl groups at adjacent positions in the phenyl group or heterocyclic aromatic group. It has been found that an aromatic-cis (l) -dihydrodiol compound into which two hydrogens have been introduced can be stereoselectively formed. Typical examples of reaction specificity are
  • An aromatic ring compound in which a heterocyclic aromatic group and a phenyl group are a single bond is used as a substrate, and the product is a heteroaromatic group-cis-2,3-dihydrobenzenediol (heteroaromatic group-cis- Stereospecific synthesis of 2, 3-d ihydr Plumbingezened io 1) This is a stereo-specific reaction.
  • Escherichia coli: IM109 (pKF2072) incorporating the modified aromatic dioxygenase gene was released on September 13, 2000 by the former Ministry of International Trade and Industry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology 305- 8566 Deposited with Central 1-1, Higashi 1-1-1 Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture.
  • the accession number is FERM BP-7299.
  • the bphAl (2072) :: bpliA2A3A4bptiB gene is inserted in the direction to receive the transcription read-through of the 1 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ promoter of the vector.
  • the transformant obtained by introducing this pBS2072B into Escherichia coli JM109 strain was used for subsequent experiments.
  • the nucleotide sequence of the bphB gene (SEQ ID NO: 1) is registered in GenBank accession M83673.
  • Ap ampicillin
  • Escherichia coli JM109 strain having only an Ap-resistant vector such as PUC118 was similarly cultured to prepare a glycerol-preserved strain.
  • Escherichia coli JM109 strain having only an Ap-resistant vector such as PUC118 was similarly cultured to prepare a glycerol-preserved strain.
  • PBS2072B Escherichia coli
  • the cells were suspended in 4 ml of LB medium containing (Ap) and cultured at 175 rpm at 30 ° C for 7 to 8 hours (preculture).
  • this preculture was used as an M9 medium containing 150 g / ml Ap, 0.4% (w / v) glucose, and 10 xg / ml thiamine (Sambrook, J., Russell, DW, "Molecular cloning-Laboratory manual", Third edition, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2001), and cultured at 175 rpm, 30 ° C for 16 to 17 hours (overnight) (main culture). This gives 0D 600 nm of about 1.
  • the crude lipid extract 80, 1 prepared in Example 3 was subjected to one injection.
  • HPLC was performed at a rate of 1 ml / min using an XTerra MS C18 column (5 urn, 4.6 mm x 250 mm, Waters). The column temperature was 30.
  • the Waters Alliance System (Type 2695) was used as the main unit of the HPLC, and the Waters Type 2996 was used as the photo diode array detector.
  • the conditions of the developing solvent are as follows.
  • Liquid A water / methanol (50/50)
  • Solution B Methanol / 2-propanol (60/40)
  • Co-culture of Escherichia coli (PBS2072B) and a compound (substrate) confirmed to be converted to an aromatic diol in Example 4 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 3 with a 10-fold scale.
  • Specific examples of the substrate include flavone, flavanone, 6-hydroxyflavone, 6-hydroxyflavanone, 7-hydroxyisoflavone, 2-phenylpyridine, 2-phenylindole, 2-phenylbenzoxazole, Phenylbenzothiazole, 2-phenylquinoline, 4-phenylmorpholine, 1-benzylimidazole, 2-benzylpyridine, 1-benzylpiperidone, trans-chalcone, 3-phenyl-1-indanone and 2 ' -Hydroxy-2-phenylbenzoxazole, BOC protected product of aniline, benzylamine, 1-phenylethylamine, and methyl ester of keichic acid were used.
  • the crude extract was subjected to thin-layer chromatography (TLC) using silica gel [0.25 nm Silica Gel 60, (Merck)] to confirm the conversion product, and then a silica gel column [20 X 250 ram , Silica Gel 60 (Merck)] to give a pure product.
  • TLC thin-layer chromatography
  • the developing solvents for TLC for each substrate are as follows.
  • Flavone CH 2 Cl 2 - MeOH ( 20: 1); flavanone, CH 2 Cl 2 -MeOH (20 : 1); 6 - hydroxy Shifurabon, CH 2 C1 2 - MeOH ( 20: 1); 6 - hydroxy flavanones, CH 2 CI 2 — MeOH (15
  • Flavonone CH 2 Cl 2 -Me0H (20: 1); Flavanone, CH 2 Cl 2 -MeOIi (20: 1); 6-hydroxyflavone, CH 2 Cl 2 -Me0H (20: 1); 6-hydroxyflavanone, CH 2 Cl 2 -MeOH (15: 1); 7 - hydroxy I Seo flavones, CH 2 Cl 2-EtOAc (10: 1); 2 Fuenirupiriji down, hexane one EtOAc to (10: 1); 2- phenylene Ruindole, hexane-EtOAc (3: 1);
  • the 2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) chromen-4-one of compound 1 is exceptionally produced even in E. coli containing plasmid pKF2072, which has only the modified aromatic dioxygenase bphAl (2072) gene. Is known (JP-A-2003-269). This is probably because Escherichia coli contained endogenous aromatic dihydrodiol desaturase. However, in this case, 2- (3-hydroxyphenyl) chromen-4-one [2- (3-hydroxyplienyl) chromen-4-one] is contained as another product, and the yield of the diol form is poor. And the purification becomes complicated.
  • a crude extract (3 10 nig) obtained by performing a conversion experiment of 6-hydroxyflavone (6-hydroxyflavon) with Escherichia coli (pBS2072B) according to Example 5 was subjected to TLC. It turned out that only one product of 3 was produced. This product was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain a pure compound 3 (31.5 mg).
  • Molecular formula of reduction compound 3 HR- EIMS [Found 270.0522, calcd 270.0528] than C 15 H 1 () 0 5 to have been determined.
  • Compound 3 was determined to be a substance in which two phenolic hydroxyl groups were introduced at the ⁇ and 2 ′ positions of 6-hydroxyflavone by ⁇ QC and DQF COSY spectral analysis of compound 3.
  • 2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -6-hydroxychromen-4-one [2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -6-hydroxychromen-4-one] of compound 3 has a structure registered with CAS. It is a known substance. However, this is the first report that compound 3 can be produced by an aromatic dioxygenase + desaturase reaction. Therefore, the method according to the present invention is effective as a method for producing compound 3.
  • Compound 4 was determined to be a substance in which two phenolic hydroxyl groups were introduced at the ⁇ and V positions of 6-hydroxyflavanone by ⁇ QC and DQF COSY spectral analysis of compound 4. This is because in the HMBC spectrum, H-4 '(56.91) to C-2 (d 74.4), C-2' (S 142.4), H-5 '( ⁇ 56.68) to C- It was also confirmed by the remote spin coupling observed to C-3 '( ⁇ 126.1). From the above results, compound 4 is 2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -6-hydroxychroman-4-one
  • the NMR data is shown in the table below.
  • a crude extract (174 mg) obtained by performing a conversion experiment of 7-hydroxyisoflavone (7-hydroxyl soflavone) with Escherichia coli (pKF2072) according to Example 5 was subjected to TLC, and a Ri value of 0.15 was obtained. It turned out that only one product was produced. This product was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain a pure compound 5 (56.4 mg). Molecular formula of compound 5, HR-EIMS [Found 270.0522, calcd 270.0528] was determined from the C 15 H 10 0 5.
  • HMQC and DQF COSY spectrum analysis of compound 5 determined that compound 5 was a substance in which two phenolic hydroxyl groups were introduced at the ⁇ and V positions of 7-hydroxyloxy is 0 f1 a Vone. Was done. This means that in the HMBC spectrum, from H-6 '( ⁇ 6.79) to C-2, ( ⁇ 143.8), C- ⁇ ( ⁇ 145.6), ⁇ -5, ( ⁇ 6.66) Distant spin coupling to C-1 ', C-3 and ( ⁇ 120. 1). Based on the above results, compound 5 was 3- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -7-hydroxychromen-4-one [3- (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) -7-hydroxychromen-4-one] Was identified. This was a new compound.
  • Compound 7 (3-indole-2-ylbenzene-1,2-diol) is a known substance whose structure is registered in CAS. However, this is the first report that compound 7 can be produced by an aromatic dioxygenase + desaturase reaction. Therefore, the method according to the present invention is effective as a method for producing compound 7.
  • the NMR data of compound 7 are shown below.
  • compound 8 (3-benzoxazol-2-ylbenzene-1,2-diol) is not a novel compound, it is the first report that it can be produced by an aromatic dioxygenase + desaturylase reaction. Therefore, the method according to the present invention is The law is valid.
  • Escherichia coli PBS2072B was used to prepare 2-phenylbenzothiazole.
  • compound 9 (3-benzothiazol-2-ylbenzene-1,2-diol) is not a new compound, it is the first report that it can be produced by the aromatic dioxygenase + desaturase reaction. Therefore, the method according to the present invention is effective as a method for producing compound 9.
  • a crude extract (86.5 mg) obtained by performing a conversion experiment of 2-phenylmorpholine with E. coli (PBS2072B) according to Example 5 was subjected to TLC, and a product having an Rf value of 0.2 was produced. Turned out to be. This product was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain a pure compound 11 (30.0 mg).
  • Compound 11 (3-morpholine-4-ylbenzene-1,2-diol) is not a novel compound, but it is the first to report that it can be produced by an aromatic dioxygenase + desaturylase reaction. Therefore, the method of the present invention is also effective as a method for producing compound 11.
  • Example 5 a crude extract (109 mg) obtained by performing a conversion experiment of 2-benzylpyridine with Escherichia coli (pBS2072B) was subjected to TLC, and a product having an Rf value of 0.4 was obtained. It turned out that it generated. This product was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain a pure compound 13 (20.0 mg).
  • Compound 13 Molecular formula, HR-EIMS [Found 201.07636, calcd 201.07896] C 12 is H n N0 2 and determine from.
  • the ⁇ QC and DQF COSY spectral analyzes of Compound 13 determined that Compound 13 was a substance in which two phenolic hydroxyl groups were introduced at the 3 ′ and 4 ′ positions of 2-benzylpyridine. This means that in the ⁇ BC spectrum, ⁇ - ⁇ ( ⁇ 5 4.00) to C-V ( ⁇ 143.4), C-4, ( ⁇ 120.9), C-3, ( ⁇ 5 126.6), ⁇ -6, ( ⁇ 6.54) was also confirmed by the remote spin coupling observed from C-1 '( ⁇ 145.6).
  • HMQC and DQF COSY spectral analysis of Compound 14 determined that Compound 14 was a substance in which two phenolic hydroxyl groups were introduced at the 3 ′, 4, and 1 positions of 1-benzylpiperidone. In the HMBC spectrum, this is from H-7 '( ⁇ 6.47) to C-1' (5 60.3), C-3 '( ⁇ 144.2), ⁇ -6, ( ⁇ 6.65) to C—4, ( ⁇ 144.7) and remote spin coupling observed to C-2 '( ⁇ 120.8). From the above results, compound 14 was 1-[(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) methyl] piperidin-4-one [1-[(2,3-diydroxyphenyl) methyl] piperidin-4-one] Identified. This was a new compound.
  • a crude extract (187 mg) obtained by performing a transchalcone [(trans-) chalcone] conversion experiment using Escherichia coli (pBS2072B) according to Example 5 was subjected to TLC, and the M value was 0.7 and the Rf value was 0.2. It was found that two products were produced. This product was purified by silica gel gel chromatography to obtain a pure product of Compound 15 '(16.4 mg) and Compound 15 (58.5 mg).
  • Compound 15 was identified as 3_ (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -triphenylpropane-1_one [3- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -triphenylpropanone]. This was a new compound.
  • the NMR data is shown in the table below.
  • the NMR data is shown in the table below.
  • compound 17 may be a substance in which two phenolic hydroxyl groups have been introduced at positions 4 and 5 of 2'-hydroxy-2-phenylbenzoxazole. It was estimated. This is because, in the HMBC spectrum, from H-6 ( ⁇ 6.88) to C_4 (0 135.8 ⁇ ) and C -7a ( ⁇ 143.2), from ⁇ -7 ( ⁇ 5 7.06) to C-1a ( ⁇ 129.2), C-5 It was also confirmed by the remote spin coupling observed to ( ⁇ 142.2). Based on the above results, Compound 17 was identified as 2- (2-hydroxyphenyl) benzoxazole-4,5-diol (2- (2-hydroxyphenyl) benzoxazole-4,5-diol). This was a new compound.
  • the NMR data is shown in the table below.
  • Rat brain lipid peroxidation inhibitory system (brain homozygous)
  • Atsushi was performed basically according to the method of Kubo et al. (Kubo, K., Yos itake, Y., Kumad, K., Shu to K., Nakamizo, ⁇ . Radical scavenging act ion of f lun arizine In rat brain in vitro. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 272, 283-29 5, 1984) Methanol solution of test sample in 0.6 ml of lOOmM phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) 0.05mK ImM ascorbic acid 0 . lml (final concentration IOO M), and was added H 2 0 0.05 ml, after pre-incubation for 5 minutes at 37 ° C 2.
  • a 532 of the test specimen group a test sample concentration required to decrease half compared to A 532 of the test sample non-addition group was calculated as IC 5fl, this and the rack Bokuno lipid peroxidation inhibitory effect did.
  • the catechin used as a positive control had an IC5Q of 5.4 g / ml.
  • Atsushi was performed in accordance with the basic method of Kubo et al. (Kubo, K., Yoshitake, Y., Kumada, K., Shu to K., Nakamizo, Radi. Radical scavenging action of flunariz ine in rat brain in vitro. Arch. Int. P armacodyn. Ther. 272, 283-295, 1 984).
  • Various concentrations of the drug were added to an ethanol solution of DPOM in IOOM, and the mixture was incubated at room temperature for 30 minutes, and then the absorbance at 517 mn (A517) of the reaction solution was measured.
  • B0C protecting group (-C00C (CH 3 ) 3 ) to the amino group of the aromatic primary amine can be carried out by a conventional method, for example, the following method.
  • 500 mg of aromatic primary amine was dissolved in 4 ml of 50% dioxane, and 1.5 equivalents of 2N NaOH was added thereto, and (t-BOC) 20 (di- -tert-butyl dicarbonate) was added and reacted at room temperature for 6 hours. After completion of the reaction, 50 ml of water was added, and this was extracted twice with 50 ml of ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer was then washed once with 50 ml of 0.1N HCl and concentrated. This was purified by a silica gel column (diameter 1 cm x length 15 cm) to obtain a protected B0C ( ⁇ -B0C) amino group.
  • the developing solvents for TLC for each substrate are as follows. ⁇ - BOC-Anirin, hexane - EtOAc (5: 1); i- B0C- Benjiruamin, CH 2 Cl 2 _MeO H ( 10: 1); ⁇ - BOC - Bok phenylalanine E chill ⁇ Min, CH 2 C1 2 —EtOAc (3: 1).
  • the developing solvents for column chromatography in each substrate are as follows.
  • Compound 18 was identified by the vicinal s ⁇ sp in network of H-4 ( ⁇ 56.68) -H-5 (56.66) —H-6 ( ⁇ 56.33) in the HMQC and DQF C0SY vector of compound 18.
  • Compound 18 was stirred in a solvent containing 0.2 ml of trifluoroacetic acid and 1.8 ml of dichloromethane at room temperature for 3 hours, and then subjected to evaporating to obtain an aromatic diol having a free amino group from which the B0C group was removed (see the figure below). ).
  • Compound 19 was stirred in a solvent containing 0.2 ml of trifluoroacetic acid and 1.8 ml of dichloromethane at room temperature for 3 hours, and then subjected to evaporating to give a fragrance having a free amino group from which the B0C group had been removed. Diol (figure below).
  • Methyl esterification of the carboxylic acid of the aromatic carboxylic acid compound can be performed by a conventional method, for example, by the following method. 500 mg of aromatic carboxylic acid in 5 ml of 5%
  • This methyl ester of aromatic carboxylic acid 24 can be returned to the free aromatic carboxylic acid shown in the figure below by stirring for 6 hours with hydrochloric acid-aqueous potassium carbonate solution (80:20).
  • the aromatic carboxylic acid can be easily recovered by adding about 5 times the volume of water to the reaction solution, adjusting the pH to 3-4 with hydrochloric acid, and separating the mixture with ethyl acetate.
  • a compound containing a phenyl group, an aromatic ring dioxygenase gene and an aromatic ring dialdehyde By co-culturing with a microorganism that simultaneously expresses the oral diol desaturylase gene, it is possible to easily obtain a compound having two hydroxyl groups introduced at adjacent positions in the phenyl group of a compound containing a phenyl group. .

Abstract

A process for the production of aromatic diols which comprises reacting a phenyl-containing aromatic compound represented by the general formula (I), (II), or (III): (I) (II) (III) [wherein H1 is a heterocyclic group or the like; A1 is a single bond or the like; P2 is phenyl or the like; A2 is alkylene or the like; and C1 is a cyclic hydrocarbon group substituted with a heteroatom, with the proviso that the cyclic hydrocarbon group constituting C1 does not include phenyl] with an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic-ring dihydrodiol desaturase to form an aromatic diol represented by the general formula (I’), (II’), or (III’): (I’) (II’) (III’) [wherein H1, A1, P2, A2 and C1 are each as defined above].

Description

明 細 書 芳香族ジオールの製造方法 技術分野  Description Method for producing aromatic diols Technical field
本発明の属する技術分野は、 有機低分子化合物である脂質 ·脂質性化合物 ( 即ち、 水よりも有機溶媒 (たとえば H—ォク夕ノール) に溶けやすい物質) の生 触媒工学 (biocatalyt ic engineering;又は、 酵素工学 (enzyme engineering)と も言う) である。 具体的には、 組換え大腸菌等の組換え微生物を用いた生物工学 的変換により、 医薬品または医薬品様化合物等の産業上有用な有機低分子化合物 、 さらには、 これらに繋げるための化学合成法のビルディングブロックを製造し ようとするものである。 さらに具体的には、 本発明は、 フエ二ル基等を含む芳香 族化合物を原料として用い、 そこから、 フエニル基等の芳香族基内の隣合つた位 置に特異的に 2つの水酸基が導入された芳香族化合物 (芳香族ジオール) を製造 する方法、 および、 この製造方法により得られた抗酸化活性を有する芳香族ジォ —ルに関するものである。 背景技術  The technical field to which the present invention pertains is the biocatalytic engineering of lipids / lipidic compounds (ie, substances that are more soluble in organic solvents (eg, H-octanol) than water), which are organic low molecular weight compounds. Or enzyme engineering). Specifically, by biotechnological conversion using recombinant microorganisms such as recombinant Escherichia coli, industrially useful organic low-molecular-weight compounds such as pharmaceuticals or pharmaceutical-like compounds, and chemical synthesis methods for connecting them They are trying to manufacture building blocks. More specifically, the present invention uses, as a raw material, an aromatic compound containing a phenyl group or the like, from which two hydroxyl groups are specifically formed at adjacent positions in an aromatic group such as a phenyl group. The present invention relates to a method for producing an introduced aromatic compound (aromatic diol), and an aromatic polyol having an antioxidant activity obtained by the production method. Background art
現在までに多くの芳香族 (芳香環) 化合物ジォキシゲナーゼ [以後、 芳香環ジ ォキシゲナーゼ(aromat ic r ing d i oxygenase)と呼ぶ] に関する研究が行われて きた。 芳香環ジォキシゲナ一ゼは、 通常、 フェレドキシン(ierredoxin)及びフエ レドキシンレダクターゼ (還元酵素) (ierredoxin reduc tase, 別名: NAD (P) H-f erredoxin reduc tase)を構成要素とし、 さらにジォキシゲナーゼ本体酵素 [大サ ブユニット ( 一サブユニット) と小サブユニット (/3—サブユニット) の 2つ からなる] からなる多成分酵素 (mul t i- component enzyme) である。  To date, many studies have been conducted on dioxygenases (hereinafter referred to as aromatic dioxygenases) of aromatic compounds. Aromatic dioxygenase usually comprises ferredoxin and ferredoxin reductase (alias: NAD (P) H ferredoxin reductase), and further comprises a dioxygenase enzyme [ A subunit (one subunit) and a small subunit (/ 3-subunit)].
現在では、 種々の芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼが知られており、 それらをコードす る遺伝子の構造や機能の解析も実施されている。 現在までに単離され解析された 代表的な芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ遺伝子の例を挙げると、 トルエン、 ベンゼン等 の有機溶媒資化細菌シュ一ドモナス ·プチダ (Pseudomonas put ida) F1株由来の トルエンジォキシゲナ一ゼ (toluene dioxygenase) 遺伝子 (Zylstra, G. J. an d Gibson, D. T., Toluene degradation by Pseudomonas putida Fl: nucleotid e sequence of the tod C1C2BADE genes and their expression in Escherichia coli. J. Biol. Chem. , 264, 14940-14946, 1989) 、 及び、 シユードモナス属At present, various aromatic ring dioxygenases are known, and the structure and function of the gene encoding them are also being analyzed. Examples of typical aromatic ring dioxygenase genes that have been isolated and analyzed to date include Pseudomonas putida F1, which is an organic solvent-utilizing bacterium such as toluene and benzene. Toluene dioxygenase gene (Zylstra, GJ and Gibson, DT, Toluene degradation by Pseudomonas putida Fl: nucleotid e sequence of the tod C1C2BADE genes and their expression in Escherichia coli. J. Biol. Chem. , 264, 14940-14946, 1989) and Pseudomonas
(Pseudomonas sp. ) NCIB9816- 4株由来のナフタレンジォキシゲナーゼ(naphthal ene dioxygenase)遺伝子 (Resnick, S. M. , Lee, K. , and Gibson, D. T. , Dive rse reactions catalyzed by naphthalene dioxygenase from Pseudomonas sp.(Pseudomonas sp.) Naphthalene dioxygenase gene derived from NCIB9816-4 strain (Resnick, S.M., Lee, K., and Gibson, D.T., Dive rse reactions catalyzed by naphthalene dioxygenase from Pseudomonas sp.
Strain NCBI 9816. J. Ind. Microbiol. , 17, 438-457, 1996) 、 及び、 ポリ塩 化ビフエニル(PCB)分解細菌シユードモナス ·シユードアルカリゲネス (Pseudom onas puseudoalcaligenes) KF707株由来のビフエ二ルジォキシゲナーゼ(biphenyStrain NCBI 9816. J. Ind. Microbiol., 17, 438-457, 1996) and a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) -degrading bacterium, Pseudodomonas puseudoalcaligenes (KF707). Cigenase (bipheny
1 dioxygenase)迪伝子 (Furukawa, K. , and Miyazaki, T., Cloning of gene cl uster encoding biphenyl and chlorobiphenyl degradation in Pseudomonas ps eudoalcaligenes. J. Bacteriol. , 166, 392-398, 1986) 、 及び、 多環式芳香 族炭化水素分解細菌のノ力ルディオイデス厲 (Nocardioides sp. ) KP7株由来の フェアン卜レン (フエナンスレン) ジォキシケナーゼ (phenant rene di oxygen as e) 伝子 (Saito, A, Iwabuchi, T. , and Harayama, S., A novel phenanthrene dioxygenase from Nocardioides sp. strain KP7: Expression in Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. , 182, 2134-2141, 2000) 等が知られている。 1 dioxygenase) Didenko (Furukawa, K., and Miyazaki, T., Cloning of gene cl uster encoding biphenyl and chlorobiphenyl degradation in Pseudomonas ps eudoalcaligenes.J. Bacteriol., 166, 392-398, 1986), and many Nocardioides sp., A cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium, and a phenantrene rene dioxy ase gene derived from KP7 strain (Saito, A, Iwabuchi, T., and Harayama, S., A novel phenanthrene dioxygenase from Nocardioides sp. Strain KP7: Expression in Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol., 182, 2134-2141, 2000).
本発明者らは、 最近、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ遺伝子として、 シユードモナス The present inventors have recently reported that Pseudomonas as an aromatic dioxygenase gene.
•シュ一ドアルカリゲネス KF707株由来のビフエ二ルジォキシゲナーゼ遺伝子を 分子進化工学的手法により改変したものを作製し、 これを導入 ·発現させた大腸 菌を用いて、 フエ二ル基等を含む複素環芳香族化合物からジヒドロジオール体を 作製することに成功した (下記の非特許文献 1又は特許文献 1参照) 。 すなわち• The biphenyldioxygenase gene derived from the pseudoalkagenes KF707 strain was modified by a molecular evolution engineering technique, and the phenyl group and the like were transformed using the E. coli that introduced and expressed the gene. A dihydrodiol compound was successfully produced from the heterocyclic aromatic compound containing the compound (see Non-Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 1 below). Ie
、 我々は、 ピフエ二ルゃ PCBの分解細菌であるシユードモナス ·シュ一ドアルカ リゲネス KF707株から単離されたビフエ二ルジォキシゲナ一ゼにおける大サブュ ニットをコードする DNAを、 他のビフエ二ル分解細菌であるブルクホルデリア - セパシァ (Burkholderia cepacia) LB400株由来のビフエ二ルジォキシゲナーゼの 大サブユニットをコードする DNAとの間で DNA シャフリング (DM shuffling) を行い基質特異性の幅を広げた遺伝子 [M (2072)遺伝子と呼ぶ] を作製した 。 この bphAl (2072)遺伝子と、 シユードモナス ·シユードアルカリゲネス KF707 株由来のビフエ二ルジォキシゲナーゼの大サブュニット以外の 3つの構成要素を コードする遺伝子 (bphA2A3A4遺伝子) からなる改変ビフエ二ルジォキシゲナー ゼ遺伝子 (群) を作製した。 本遺伝子を導入 ·発現させた大腸菌形質転換体を用 いて、 種々のフエ二ル基等を含む芳香族化合物を変換できるか (基質として認識 できるか) どうかの検討を行ったところ、 これまで広範に同種の変換実験が行わ れてきたにもかかわらず、 報告が無かった複素環芳香族基を含む有機低分子化合 物の生物変換が可能であることが見出された。 すなわち、 DNA シャフリングした 改変ビフエ二ルジォキシゲナーゼ遺伝子 [bphAl (2072) ] を含む大腸菌が、 種々 のフエ二ル基等を含む複素環芳香族化合物を変換し、 フエニル基または複素環芳 香族基内の隣合った位置に位置特異的に 2つの水酸基と 2つの水素が導入された 芳香族-シス (c is) -ジヒドロジオール体を立体選択的に生成できることがわか つた。 この改変ビフエ二ルジォキシゲナーゼの大サプュニッ卜のアミノ酸配列は DDBJ/Genbank access ion AB085748に示されている。 また、 KF707株の小サブュニ ット (BphA2)、 フェレドキシン (BphA3)、 及び、 フェレドキシンレダク夕ーゼ ( BphA4) のアミノ酸配列は、 DDBJ/Genbank accession M83673に示されている。 ま た、 本研究により生成された芳香族-シス-ジヒドロジォール体の例を下記に示す We isolated the DNA encoding the large subunit of biphenyldioxygenase isolated from Pseudomonas pseudoalkaline genus KF707, a bacterium that decomposes pifenil PCB, by using other biphenyl-degrading bacteria. DNA shuffling (DM shuffling) was performed with a DNA encoding the large subunit of biphenyldioxygenase from a certain Burkholderia cepacia LB400 strain to expand the range of substrate specificities Gene [M (2072) gene is called] . A modified biphenyldioxygenase gene comprising the bphAl (2072) gene and a gene (bphA2A3A4 gene) encoding three components other than the large subunit of biphenyldioxygenase derived from Pseudomonas pseudoalkagenes strain KF707 (bphA2A3A4 gene) Group) was prepared. Using Escherichia coli transformants into which this gene has been introduced and expressed, we investigated whether aromatic compounds containing various phenyl groups, etc. could be converted (can be recognized as substrates). Although the same kind of conversion experiment was carried out, it was found that bio-conversion of an unreported organic low-molecular-weight compound containing a heterocyclic aromatic group was possible. That is, Escherichia coli containing the DNA-shuffled modified biphenyldioxygenase gene [bphAl (2072)] converts various heterocyclic aromatic compounds containing phenyl groups and the like into phenyl groups or heterocyclic aromatic compounds. It was found that aromatic-cis (cis) -dihydrodiols in which two hydroxyl groups and two hydrogens were introduced site-specifically at adjacent positions in the aromatic group could be stereoselectively formed. The amino acid sequence of this large biphenyldioxygenase large sapunit is shown in DDBJ / Genbank accession AB085748. The amino acid sequences of the small subunit (BphA2), ferredoxin (BphA3), and ferredoxin reductase (BphA4) of the KF707 strain are shown in DDBJ / Genbank accession M83673. An example of the aromatic-cis-dihydrodiol compound produced by this study is shown below.
Figure imgf000006_0001
Figure imgf000006_0001
Figure imgf000006_0002
Figure imgf000006_0002
Figure imgf000006_0003
Figure imgf000006_0003
Figure imgf000006_0004
Figure imgf000006_0004
.れから明らかなように、 本研究による生物工学的変換法により、 種々のフェ 二ル基等を含む複素環芳香族化合物に水酸基を位置特異的に導入することが可肯! となったが、 その中でも代表的な反応の例は、 複素環芳香族基とフエニル基が単 結合 (ビフエニル結合) した有機低分子化合物を基質とし、 産物として、 複素環 芳香族基-シス- 2, 3-ジヒドロベンゼンジオール Qieteroaromatic group-cis-2, 3 As is evident from the above, it is possible to introduce hydroxyl groups into various heterocyclic aromatic compounds containing phenyl groups etc. in a biospecific manner by the biotechnological conversion method of this study! Among them, a typical example of the reaction is a low-molecular organic compound in which a heterocyclic aromatic group and a phenyl group are a single bond (biphenyl bond) as a substrate, and a heterocyclic aromatic group-cis- 2, 3-dihydrobenzenediol Qieteroaromatic group-cis-2, 3
-dihydrobenezenediol, 別名: 複素環芳香族基 _c is- 2, 3-ジヒドキシシクロへキ サ- 4, 6 -ジェン, eteroaroamtic group-cis-2, 3-d i hydroxy cyclohexa-4, 6-dien e) を合成する立体特異的反応 (stereo- specific reaction) である。 しかしな がら、 本シス -ジヒドロジオール体は、 さらなる立体選択的化学合成のためのビ ルディングブロックとして主たる用途があり、 この目的のために、 シス-ジヒド ロジオール体になったフエ二ル環は環開裂される運命にある (Hudl icky, T., Go nzales, D. , and Gibson, D. T. , Aldrichimica Acta, 32, 35-62, 1999) 。 -dihydrobenezenediol, also known as: heterocyclic aromatic group _c is- 2,3-dihydroxycyclohexa-4,6-diene, eteroaroamtic group-cis-2, 3-dihydroxycyclohexa-4, 6-diene Is a stereo-specific reaction. However, the present cis-dihydrodiol form has a main use as a building block for further stereoselective chemical synthesis. The rodiol form of the fenyl ring is doomed to be cleaved (Hudlicky, T., Gonzales, D., and Gibson, DT, Aldrichimica Acta, 32, 35-62, 1999).
生理活性を有する有機低分子化合物は、 フエ二ル基を始めとする芳香族基や 種々の複素環式基を含むものが多い。 これらのフエニル基等の芳香族基を含む有 機低分子化合物において、 フエニル基等の芳香族基内の二重結合をそのまま残し ながら、 芳香族基 (フエニル基) に位置特異的に水酸基を導入する技術を開発す ることは有機化学者の長年の夢であるが、 未だに技術開発されていないのが現状 であった。  Many organic low molecular weight compounds having a physiological activity contain an aromatic group such as a phenyl group or various heterocyclic groups. In these organic low-molecular-weight compounds containing an aromatic group such as a phenyl group, a hydroxyl group is introduced into an aromatic group (a phenyl group) in a position-specific manner while leaving a double bond in the aromatic group such as a phenyl group. Although developing organic chemists has been a dream of organic chemists for many years, the technology has not yet been developed.
(特許文献 1 )  (Patent Document 1)
特開 2003- 269号公報 JP-A-2003-269
(非特許文献 1 )  (Non-Patent Document 1)
Misawa, N., Shindo, K., Takahashi, H. , Suenaga, H. , Iguchi, Κ. , Okazaki, Η. , Harayama, S. , and Furukawa, Κ. , Hydroxyl at ion of var ious molecules inc lud ing heterocyc l ic aromat ics us ing recomb inant Escherichia co l i ee l 1 s express ing modi f ied i henyl d i oxygenase genes. "Te t rahedron" , 58, 96 05-9612, 2002. 発明の開示  Misawa, N., Shindo, K., Takahashi, H., Suenaga, H., Iguchi, Κ., Okazaki, Η., Harayama, S., and Furukawa, Κ., Hydroxyl at ion of various molecules inc lud. ing heterocyc lic aromat ics us ing recomb inant Escherichia co li ee l 1 s express ing modified i henyl di oxygenase genes. "Te trahedron", 58, 96 05-9612, 2002.
最近の医薬品研究開発においては、 まず創薬のターゲッ卜とするべき疾患関連 分子 (創薬標的分子) を明らかにした後、 その創薬標的分子を用いて 何らかの 生物活性を指標に 高速化スクリーニング (ハイスループッ卜 ·スクリーニング, In recent drug research and development, we first identify disease-related molecules (target molecules for drug discovery) that should be targets for drug discovery, and then use the target molecules for drug discovery to accelerate the screening using some biological activity as an index ( High throughput screening
High Throughput Screening ; HTS) を行い、 ヒットする化合物を探すという方 法がよく取られる。 この際に、 経口用医薬品 (合成医薬品、 低分子性医薬品とも 呼ばれる) に繋げるためのリード化合物 (lead compounds ; 通常 分子量 100 -High Throughput Screening (HTS) is often used to search for hit compounds. At this time, lead compounds (normally with a molecular weight of 100-) for connecting to oral drugs (also called synthetic drugs and low molecular weight drugs)
700 位の脂質性化合物) のスクリーニング ソース (screening source) のライ ブラリーが必要となる。 このライブラリーの質と量が 医薬品研究開発の正否を 決定づけると言っても過言ではない。 現在、 スクリーニングソースのライブラリA library of screening sources for the 700th lipidic compound) is required. It is no exaggeration to say that the quality and quantity of this library will determine the success or failure of pharmaceutical R & D. Currently a library of screening sources
—は コンビナトリアルケミストリー (combinator ial chemis t ry) 等の有機化学 技術によって化学合成されたものが主流を占めている (田中昭弘, 創薬とコンビ ナトリアル 5"ミストリー, 蛋白質 核酸 酵素, 45, 887-894, 2000)。 微生物代謝 産物等の天然物由来のライブラリーも経口用医薬品の研究開発に用いられている が、 偽ヒット体 (fal se pos i t ive) が多い、 活性物質の特定に時間がかかる、 新 規化合物が見つかりにくい等の理由で、 天然物由来のものが占める割合は少なく なりつつある。 一方、 化学合成されたスクリーニングソースのライブラリ一はそ れ特有の偏りを有している場合が多い。 たとえば、 化学合成法では、 プラスとマ ィナスのものをくっつける反応 (たとえば - NHC0- 結合を介して 2つの前躯体 の化合物を導入する反応) は得意であるが、 水酸基などの官能基をある化合物の 特定の位置に導入したり、 立体特異的に導入したりするのは困難である。 -The mainstream is chemicals synthesized by organic chemistry technologies such as combinatorial chemistry (Akihiro Tanaka, Drug Discovery and Combination) Natrial 5 "Mistry, Protein Nucleic Acid Enzyme, 45, 887-894, 2000. Libraries derived from natural products such as microbial metabolites have also been used in research and development of oral drugs, but false hits (fal se pos Due to the large number of active substances, the time required to identify active substances, and the difficulty in finding new compounds, the ratio of natural products is decreasing. For example, in a chemical synthesis method, a reaction that attaches a plus and a minus (for example, a compound of two precursors is introduced through a -NHC0- bond) Reaction), but it is difficult to introduce a functional group such as a hydroxyl group into a specific position of a compound or to introduce it stereospecifically.
また、 医薬品研究開発において、 HTSにより創薬標的分子に作用するリード化 合物が発見された後には、 そのリード化合物の類縁体を作り、 最適な開発候補化 合物を見出す必要がある (リード最適化, lead opt imizat ion)。 このリード化合 物の類縁体作製に際しても、 現在は化学合成法が主流であり、 有機化学反応特有 の偏りを有していると見ることができる。  In addition, after a lead compound that acts on a drug discovery target molecule is discovered by HTS in drug research and development, it is necessary to create an analog of the lead compound and find the optimal development candidate compound (lead Optimization, lead opt imization). Even in the production of analogs of this lead compound, chemical synthesis is currently the mainstream, and it can be seen that there is a bias peculiar to organic chemical reactions.
本発明は、 上記の化学合成法の弱点を補い、 スクリーニングソースのライブ ラリ一やリ一ド化合物類縁体等の産業上有用な有機低分子化合物の作製に際して The present invention compensates for the weaknesses of the above-mentioned chemical synthesis methods, and is useful for producing industrially useful organic low molecular weight compounds such as screening source libraries and lead compound analogs.
、 これらの質を高め多様性を増大させることを課題としている。 The task is to improve the quality of these and increase diversity.
さらに具体的な本発明が解決しょうとする課題としては、 フエニル基等の芳香 族基を含む有機低分子化合物、 例えば、 非置換フエニル基と置換基を有していて もよい複素環式基とを含む芳香族化合物において、 前記フエニル基内の二重結合 をそのまま残しながら、 フエニル基に位置特異的に水酸基を導入する技術を開発 することにあり、 また、 その技術により位置特異的に水酸基が導入された芳香族 水酸化物を提供することである。 なお、 フエニル基と複素環式基を含む有機低分 子化合物を本技術開発のための代表的基質として選んだ理由は、 経口用医薬品を 始めとする生理活性物質には、 この 2種類の官能基を持つ割合が高いと考えられ たからである。 . 発明者は上記課題を達成するため、 急速な進歩を遂げる分子生物学的手法を取 り入れて、 生物機能を応用した新しい有機低分子化合物の創製技術を構築するこ とを目指した。 すなわち、 生物の持つ 「生分解」 或いは 「生合成」 経路の一群の 酵素に注目し、 必要なら、 分子進化工学的手法等を用いてそれぞれの構成酵素の 基質特異性を下げ、 幅広い化合物に対して 「生分解」 或いは 「生合成」 反応を起 こさせることにより、 高効率で新規な化合物を創製する技術の確立を目指した。 我々はこの技術を b ioCombiCliem (B iol ogy-based Combinatorial Chemi s t ry ) と呼称している。 More specific problems to be solved by the present invention include organic low molecular weight compounds containing an aromatic group such as a phenyl group, for example, an unsubstituted phenyl group and a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent. To develop a technique for introducing a hydroxyl group into a phenyl group in a position-specific manner while leaving the double bond in the phenyl group as it is. The purpose is to provide the aromatic hydroxide introduced. The reason that organic low molecular compounds containing a phenyl group and a heterocyclic group were selected as typical substrates for the development of this technology is that these two types of functional substances are used for oral active pharmaceuticals and other physiologically active substances. This is because it was considered that the proportion having the group was high. In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the inventor aimed to establish a technology for creating a new organic low-molecular compound using biological functions by adopting a rapidly progressing molecular biological technique. In other words, a group of biodegradation or biosynthesis pathways Focusing on enzymes, if necessary, reducing the substrate specificity of each constituent enzyme using molecular evolution engineering techniques, etc., and causing “biodegradation” or “biosynthesis” reactions on a wide range of compounds, The aim was to establish technology for creating new compounds with high efficiency. We refer to this technology as bioCombiCliem (Bio-gy-based Combinatorial Chemistry).
本発明者は、 B ioCombiChem技術の構築のための研究を通して、 上記の具体的課 題を解決するため鋭意検討を重ねた。 その結果、 前述の改変芳香環 (改変ピフエ ニル) ジォキシゲナーゼ遺伝子 [bphAl (2072) A2A3A4] と共に、 シユードモナス •シュ一ドアルカリゲネス ( pseudoalcal igenes) KF707株由来の bphB遺伝子 [芳香環 (ビフエニル) ジヒドロジオール デサチユラーゼ (デヒドロゲナーゼ ) 遺伝子] を同時に働かせて、 フエニル基等の芳香族基を含む有機低分子化合物 と反応させると、 フエニル基等の芳香族基に 2つの水酸基が隣り合って位置特異 的に導入された芳香族ジオールが生成されることを発見した。 なお、 本発明で用 いた基質であるフエニル基等の芳香族基を含む有機低分子化合物は、 現在まで行 われた種々の芳香環ジォキシゲナ一ゼと芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一ゼ による反応では報告が無かつたものばかりであり、 このような基質を用いて芳香 環ジオールが反応特異的に生成することは予想外のことであった。 これは、 本発 明で用いた芳香環ジヒドロジオール (ジヒドロピフエ二ルジオール) デサチユラ ーゼ (デヒドロゲナーゼ) が、 改変芳香環 (改変ビフエニル) ジォキシゲナーゼ により生成された多様な反応産物 (芳香族ジヒドロジオール体) を連続的に基質 として認識し、 更に変換反応を効率的に行うことができたことを意味している。 本発明は以上のような知見を基に完成されたものである。  The present inventor has conducted intensive studies to solve the above specific problems through research for the construction of BioCombiChem technology. As a result, the bphB gene [pseudoalcal igenes] KF707 derived bphB gene [aromatic ring (biphenyl) dihydrodiol desaturase (pseudoalcal igenes) along with the aforementioned modified aromatic ring (modified pifenyl) dioxygenase gene [bphAl (2072) A2A3A4] Dehydrogenase) gene] simultaneously reacts with organic low-molecular-weight compounds containing an aromatic group such as a phenyl group, and two hydroxyl groups are adjacent to the aromatic group such as a phenyl group to introduce a position-specific aromatic compound. It has been discovered that aromatic diols are formed. The organic low molecular weight compound containing an aromatic group such as a phenyl group, which is a substrate used in the present invention, is obtained by the reaction of various aromatic ring dioxygenases and aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturases performed so far. There have been no reports, and it was unexpected that aromatic ring diols could be produced specifically using such a substrate. This is because the aromatic ring dihydrodiol (dihydropiphenyldiol) desaturulase (dehydrogenase) used in the present invention converts various reaction products (aromatic dihydrodiol compound) generated by the modified aromatic ring (modified biphenyl) oxygenase. This means that it was continuously recognized as a substrate, and the conversion reaction could be performed more efficiently. The present invention has been completed based on the above findings.
即ち、 本発明は以下の発明を包含する。  That is, the present invention includes the following inventions.
( 1 ) 下記式 (1)、 (I I)又は(I I I) :  (1) The following formula (1), (I I) or (I I I):
Figure imgf000009_0001
Figure imgf000009_0001
(Π) (ΠΙ) (式中、 HIは置換基を有していてもよい複素環式基であり、 A1は単結合又は置換 基を有していてもよい炭素数 1〜4のアルキレン基若しくはアルケニレン基であ り、 P2は置換基を有していてもよいフエニル基であり、 A2は置換基を有していて もよい炭素数 2〜4のアルキレン基若しくはアルケニレン基であり、 C1はへテロ 原子置換環式炭化水素基である。 ただし、 C1における環式炭化水素基はフエニル 基を含まない。 ) (Π) (ΠΙ) (Wherein, HI is a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent, and A1 is a single bond or an alkylene group or an alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. P2 is a phenyl group which may have a substituent, A2 is an alkylene group or an alkenylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and C1 is a heteroatom-substituted cyclic group. It is a hydrocarbon group, provided that the cyclic hydrocarbon group for C1 does not include a phenyl group.)
で表されるフエ二ル基を含む芳香族化合物と、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳香 環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一ゼとを反応させて、 芳香族ジオール化合物 (I ' )、 (Ι Γ )又は(Π Γ ) : Reacting an aromatic compound containing a phenyl group represented by the following with an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase, to obtain an aromatic diol compound (I ′), (Ι Γ) or (Π Γ):
Figure imgf000010_0001
Figure imgf000010_0001
(式中、 Hl、 AK P2、 A2及び C 1は前記定義のとおりである。 ) (Wherein, H1, AK P2, A2 and C1 are as defined above.)
を得ることを含む芳香族ジオールの製造方法。 A method for producing an aromatic diol comprising obtaining
( 2 ) 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一ゼがビ フエニル分解細菌由来のもの、 又は、 それらを分子進化工学的手法により改変し たものである前記 ( 1 ) 記載の製造方法。  (2) The production method according to (1), wherein the aromatic ring dioxygenase and the aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase are derived from biphenyl-degrading bacteria, or are modified by a molecular evolution engineering technique.
( 3 ) 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一ゼをコ 一ドする遺伝子を導入した組換え微生物を、 下記式 (1)、 (I I)又は(I I I) :
Figure imgf000010_0002
(3) A recombinant microorganism into which a gene encoding an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase has been introduced is transformed with the following formula (1), (II) or (III):
Figure imgf000010_0002
(Γ) (Π) (ΠΙ)  (Γ) (Π) (ΠΙ)
(式中、 HIは置換基を有していてもよい複素環式基であり、 A1は単結合又は置換 基を有していてもよい炭素数 1〜4のアルキレン基若しくはアルケニレン基であ り、 P2は置換基を有していてもよいフエニル基であり、 A2は置換基を有していて もよい炭素数 2〜 4のアルキレン基若しくはァルケ二レン基であり、 C1はへテロ 原子置換環式炭化水素基である。 ただし、 C1における環式炭化水素基はフエニル 基を含まない。 ) (Wherein, HI is a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent, and A1 is a single bond or an alkylene group or an alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. And P2 is a phenyl group which may have a substituent, and A2 has a substituent And C1 is a hetero atom-substituted cyclic hydrocarbon group. However, the cyclic hydrocarbon group for C1 does not include a phenyl group. )
で表されるフエ二ル基を含む芳香族化合物を含む培地で培養して、 培養物又は菌 体から、 芳香族ジオール化合物 U' )、 (II' )又は(ΙΙΓ ) : Cultivated in a medium containing an aromatic compound containing a phenyl group represented by the following formula. From the culture or the cells, aromatic diol compounds U '), (II') or (ΙΙΓ):
Figure imgf000011_0001
Figure imgf000011_0001
(式中、 Η1、 Α1、 Π、 Α2及び CIは前記定義のとおりである。 ) (Wherein Η1, Α1, Π, Α2 and CI are as defined above.)
を得ることを含む芳香族ジオールの製造方法。 A method for producing an aromatic diol comprising obtaining
(4) 組換え微生物が、 ビフエニル分解細菌由来の芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び 芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラーゼ、 又は、 それらを分子進化工学的手法に より改変したものをコードする遺伝子を導入したものである前記 (3) 記載の製 造方法。  (4) the recombinant microorganism has introduced a gene encoding an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase derived from a biphenyl-degrading bacterium, or those obtained by modifying them by a molecular evolution engineering technique. (3) The manufacturing method described.
(5) 組換え微生物が組換え大腸菌である前記 (3) 又は (4) 記載の製造方法  (5) The production method according to (3) or (4), wherein the recombinant microorganism is recombinant Escherichia coli.
(6) 下記式(IV) : (6) The following formula (IV):
P3-A1-H2 (IV) P3-A1-H2 (IV)
(式中、 A1は単結合又は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数 1〜4のアルキレン基 若しくはアルケニレン基であり、 P3は置換基を有するフエニル基であり、 H2は非 置換複素環芳香族基である。 )  (In the formula, A1 is a single bond or an alkylene group or an alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, P3 is a phenyl group having a substituent, and H2 is an unsubstituted heterocyclic aromatic group. Group.)
で表される複素環芳香族基を含む芳香族化合物と、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び 芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一ゼとを反応させ、 複素環芳香族基 H2内の隣 合った位置に 2つの水酸基が導入された芳香族化合物を得ることを含む複素環芳 香族ジオールの製造方法。 Reacting an aromatic compound containing a heterocyclic aromatic group represented by with an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase, to form two hydroxyl groups at adjacent positions in the heterocyclic aromatic group H2. A method for producing a heterocyclic aromatic diol, comprising obtaining an aromatic compound into which is introduced.
(7) 芳香環ジォキシゲナ一ゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一ゼがビ フエニル分解細菌由来のもの、 又は、 それらを分子進化工学的手法により改変し たものである前記 (6) 記載の製造方法。 (7) Aromatic dioxygenase and aromatic dihydrodiol desaturase derived from biphenyl-degrading bacteria, or modified by molecular evolution engineering The production method according to the above (6), wherein
(8) 芳香環ジォキシゲナ一ゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一ゼをコ ードする遺伝子を導入した組換え微生物を、 下記式(IV) :  (8) A recombinant microorganism into which a gene encoding an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase was introduced was transformed into the following formula (IV):
P3-A1-H2 (IV)  P3-A1-H2 (IV)
(式中、 A1は単結合又は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数 1〜4のアルキレン基 若しくはアルケニレン基であり、 P3は置換基を有するフエニル基であり、 H2は非 置換複素環芳香族基である。 )  (In the formula, A1 is a single bond or an alkylene group or an alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, P3 is a phenyl group having a substituent, and H2 is an unsubstituted heterocyclic aromatic group. Group.)
で表される複素環芳香族基を含む芳香族化合物を含む培地で培養して、 培養物又 は菌体から、 複素環芳香族基 H2内の隣合った位置に 2つの水酸基が導入された芳 香族化合物を得ることを含む複素環芳香族ジオールの製造方法。 Cultured in a medium containing an aromatic compound containing a heterocyclic aromatic group represented by the formula, two hydroxyl groups were introduced from the culture or cells into adjacent positions in the heterocyclic aromatic group H2 A method for producing a heterocyclic aromatic diol, comprising obtaining an aromatic compound.
(9) 組換え微生物が、 ビフエニル分解細菌由来の芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び 芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラーゼ、 又は、 それらを分子進化工学的手法に より改変したものをコードする遺伝子を導入したものである前記 (8) 記載の製 造方法。  (9) The recombinant microorganism has introduced a gene encoding an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase derived from biphenyl-degrading bacteria, or those obtained by modifying them by a molecular evolution engineering technique. (8) The production method as described.
(10) 組換え微生物が組換え大腸菌である前記 (8) 又は (9) 記載の製造方 法。  (10) The method according to (8) or (9), wherein the recombinant microorganism is a recombinant Escherichia coli.
(1 1) 式 (1)、 (II)又は(III)で表されるフエ二ル基を含む芳香族化合物が、 フラボン、 フラパノン、 6 -ヒドロキシフラボン、 6-ヒドロキシフラバノン.. 7-ヒ ドロキシイソフラボン、 2 -フエニルピリジン、 2-フエニルインドール、 2 -フエ二 ルベンゾキサゾール、 2—フエニルベンゾチアゾール、 2-フエ二ルキノリン、 4 - フエニルモルホリン、 1-ベンジルイミダゾール、 2 -べンジルピリジン、 1-ベンジ ルピペリドン、 (トランス-)カルコン及び 3-フエ二ルインダノンからなる群より 選択されるものである前記 (1) 〜 (5) のいずれかに記載の製造方法。  (11) The aromatic compound containing a phenyl group represented by the formula (1), (II) or (III) is selected from the group consisting of flavone, flapanone, 6-hydroxyflavone, 6-hydroxyflavanone .. 7-hid Roxy isoflavone, 2-phenylpyridine, 2-phenylindole, 2-phenylbenzoxazole, 2-phenylbenzothiazole, 2-phenylquinoline, 4-phenylmorpholine, 1-benzylimidazole, 2- The method according to any one of the above (1) to (5), which is selected from the group consisting of benzylpyridine, 1-benzylpiperidone, (trans-) chalcone, and 3-phenylindanone.
(12) 式(IV)で表される複素環芳香族基を含む芳香族化合物が、 2' -ヒドロキ シ -2-フエ二ルペンゾキサゾールであり、 得られる複素環芳香族ジオールが 2_ (2 - ヒドロキシフエニル)ベンゾキサゾ一ル- 4, 5-ジオールである前記 (6) 〜 (10 ) のいずれかに記載の製造方法。  (12) The aromatic compound having a heterocyclic aromatic group represented by the formula (IV) is 2′-hydroxy-2-phenylpentoxazole, and the obtained heterocyclic aromatic diol is 2_ ( The production method according to any one of the above (6) to (10), which is (2-hydroxyphenyl) benzoxazol-4,5-diol.
(13) 前記 (1) 〜 (12) のいずれかに記載の製造方法により得られる芳香 族ジオールを含む抗酸化剤。 (14) 芳香族ジオールが、 2- (2, 3-ジヒドロキシフエ二ル)- 6-ヒドロキシクロ メン- 4-オン、 3-インドール- 2-ィルベンゼン- 1, 2-ジオール、 3-ベンゾキサゾー ル- 2 -ィルベンゼン- 1, 2-ジオール、 3-ベンゾチアゾール -2-ィルベンゼン- 1, 2-ジ オール又は 3_モルホリン- 4-ィルベンゼン- 1, 2-ジオールである前記 (1 3) 記載 の抗酸化剤。 (13) An antioxidant containing an aromatic diol obtained by the production method according to any one of (1) to (12). (14) The aromatic diol is 2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -6-hydroxychromen-4-one, 3-indole-2-ylbenzene-1,2-diol, 3-benzoxazole- The antioxidant according to the above (13), which is 2-ylbenzene-1,2-diol, 3-benzothiazole-2-ylbenzene-1,2-diol or 3_morpholine-4-ylbenzene-1,2-diol. Agent.
(1 5) 2- (2, 3-ジヒドロキシフエ二ル)- 6-ヒドロキシクロマン- 4-オン、 3-(2, 3 -ジヒドロキシフエ二ル)- 7-ヒドロキシクロメン -4-オン、 3- (2-ピリジル)ベンゼ ン- 1, 2-ジオール、 3 -(2 -キノリル)ベンゼン- 1, 2-ジオール、 3- (イミダゾリルメ チル)ベンゼン- 1, 2-ジオール、 3_(2-ピリジルメチル)ベンゼン- 1, 2-ジオール、 1 -[(2, 3-ジヒドロキシフエニル)メチル]ピペリジン- 4-オン、 3 -(2, 3-ジヒドロキ シフエ二ル)-卜フエニルプロパン- 1-オン、 3- (2, 3-ジヒドロキシフエニル)ィン ダン -1-オン、 2 (2 -ヒドロキシフエニル)ベンゾォキサゾール- 4, 5-ジオール又は 3_ (卜アミノエチル) ベンゼン- 1, 2-ジオール。  (1 5) 2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -6-hydroxychroman-4-one, 3- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -7-hydroxychromen-4-one, 3- (2-pyridyl) benzene-1,2-diol, 3- (2-quinolyl) benzene-1,2-diol, 3- (imidazolylmethyl) benzene-1,2-diol, 3_ (2-pyridylmethyl ) Benzene-1,2-diol, 1-[(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) methyl] piperidin-4-one, 3- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -triphenylpropan-1-one , 3- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) indan-1-one, 2 (2-hydroxyphenyl) benzoxazole-4,5-diol or 3_ (triaminoethyl) benzene-1,2 -Diol.
(1 6) 前記 (1 5) に記載のいずれかの化合物を含有する抗酸化剤。  (16) An antioxidant comprising the compound according to the above (15).
(1 7) 下記式 (V) :
Figure imgf000013_0001
(17) The following formula (V):
Figure imgf000013_0001
(式中、 A1は単結合又は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数 1〜4のアルキレン基 若しくはアルケニレン基である。 ) (In the formula, A1 is a single bond or an alkylene group or alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.)
で表される芳香族化合物のアミノ基を BOC (tert-ブトキシカルボニル) 保護基で 保護した後、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一 ゼと反応させて、 芳香族ジオール化合物 (V ) : After protecting the amino group of the aromatic compound represented by the above with a BOC (tert-butoxycarbonyl) protecting group, it is reacted with an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase to obtain an aromatic diol compound (V) :
Figure imgf000013_0002
(式中、 BOCは BOC保護基を表し、 A1は前記定義のとおりである。 ) を得ることを含む芳香族ジオールの製造方法。
Figure imgf000013_0002
(Wherein BOC represents a BOC protecting group, and A1 is as defined above.).
(18) 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラーゼが ビフエニル分解細菌由来のもの、 又は、 それらを分子進化工学的手法により改変 したものである前記 (1 7) 記載の製造方法。  (18) The production method according to the above (17), wherein the aromatic ring dioxygenase and the aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase are derived from biphenyl-degrading bacteria or modified by a molecular evolution engineering technique.
(1 9) 芳香環ジォキシゲナ一ゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラーゼを コードする遺伝子を導入した組換え微生物を、 下記式 (V) :
Figure imgf000014_0001
(19) The recombinant microorganism into which the gene encoding the aromatic ring dioxygenase and the aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase was introduced was transformed into the following formula (V):
Figure imgf000014_0001
(式中、 A1は単結合又は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数 1〜4のアルキレン基 若しくはアルケニレン基である。 ) (In the formula, A1 is a single bond or an alkylene group or alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.)
で表される芳香族化合物のアミノ基を B0C保護基で保護した化合物を含む培地で 培養して、 培養物又は菌体から、 芳香族ジオール化合物 (V ) : The aromatic diol compound (V) is obtained by culturing in a medium containing a compound in which the amino group of the aromatic compound represented by the formula is protected by a B0C protecting group, and
Figure imgf000014_0002
Figure imgf000014_0002
(式中、 BOCは BOC保護基を表し、 A1は前記定義のとおりである。 ) (Wherein, BOC represents a BOC protecting group, and A1 is as defined above.)
を得ることを含む芳香族ジオールの製造方法。 A method for producing an aromatic diol comprising obtaining
(20) 組換え微生物が、 ビフエ二ル分解細菌由来の芳香環ジォキシゲナ一ゼ及 び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラーゼ、 又は、 それらを分子進化工学的手法 により改変したものをコードする遺伝子を導入したものである前記 (1 9) 記載 の製造方法。  (20) A recombinant microorganism has introduced a gene encoding an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase derived from biphenyl-degrading bacteria, or those obtained by modifying them by molecular evolution engineering techniques The production method according to the above (19), wherein
(2 1) 組換え微生物が組換え大腸菌である前記 (1 9) 又は (20) に記載の 製造方法。  (21) The production method according to (19) or (20), wherein the recombinant microorganism is recombinant Escherichia coli.
(22) 式 (V) で表される化合物が、 ァニリン、 ベンジルァミン、 1-フエニル ェチルァミンである前記 (1 7 ) 〜 (2 1 ) のいずれかに記載の製造方法 c ( 2 3 ) 下記式 (VI) : (22) The compound represented by the formula (V) is aniline, benzylamine, 1-phenyl The method c (23) according to any one of the above (17) to (21), which is ethylamine, the following formula (VI):
Figure imgf000015_0001
Figure imgf000015_0001
(式中、 A3は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数 1〜4のアルキレン基若しくはァ ルケ二レン基である。 ) (In the formula, A3 is an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent or an alkenylene group.)
で表される芳香族化合物のカルボキシル基を炭素数 1〜 4のアルキル保護基 Rで 保護した後、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一 ゼと反応させて、 芳香族ジオール化合物 (vr) : After the carboxyl group of the aromatic compound represented by is protected with an alkyl protecting group R having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, it is reacted with an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase to form an aromatic diol compound (vr ):
Figure imgf000015_0002
Figure imgf000015_0002
(式中、 Rは炭素数 1〜4のアルキル保護基を表し、 A3は前記定義のとおりであ る。 ) (Wherein, R represents an alkyl protecting group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and A3 is as defined above.)
を得ることを含む芳香族ジオールの製造方法。 A method for producing an aromatic diol comprising obtaining
( 2 4 ) 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラーゼが ビフエニル分解細菌由来のもの、 又は、 それらを分子進化工学的手法により改変 したものである前記 (2 3 ) 記載の製造方法。  (24) The production method according to the above (23), wherein the aromatic ring dioxygenase and the aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase are derived from biphenyl-degrading bacteria, or modified by a molecular evolution engineering technique.
( 2 5 ) 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラーゼを コードする遺伝子を導入した組換え微生物を、 下記式 (VI) :
Figure imgf000016_0001
(25) A recombinant microorganism into which a gene encoding an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase has been introduced is expressed by the following formula (VI):
Figure imgf000016_0001
(式中、 A3は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数 1〜 4のアルキレン基若しくはァ ルケ二レン基である。 ) (In the formula, A3 is an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkenylene group which may have a substituent.)
で表される芳香族化合物の力ルポキシル基を炭素数 1〜 4のアルキル保護基 で 保護した化合物を含む培地で培養して、 培養物又は菌体から、 芳香族ジオール化 合物 (VP) : The aromatic diol compound (VP) is obtained by culturing in a medium containing a compound in which the alkoxyl group of the aromatic compound represented by is protected by an alkyl protecting group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
Figure imgf000016_0002
Figure imgf000016_0002
(式中、 Rはアルキル保護基を表し、 A3は前記定義のとおりである。 ) (In the formula, R represents an alkyl protecting group, and A3 is as defined above.)
を得ることを含む芳香族ジオールの製造方法。 A method for producing an aromatic diol comprising obtaining
(26) 組換え微生物が、 ピフエニル分解細菌由来の芳香環ジォキシゲナ一ゼ及 び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラーゼ、 又は、 それらを分子進化工学的手法 により改変したものをコードする遺伝子を導入したものである前記 (25) 記載 の製造方法。  (26) A recombinant microorganism into which a gene encoding an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase derived from a piphenyl-degrading bacterium or a product obtained by modifying them by a molecular evolution engineering technique is used. (25) The production method according to the above (25).
(27) 組換え微生物が組換え大腸菌である前記 (25) 又は (26) 記載の製 造方法。  (27) The production method according to the above (25) or (26), wherein the recombinant microorganism is a recombinant Escherichia coli.
(28) 式 (VI) で表される化合物が、 ケィヒ酸である前記 (23) 〜 (27 ) のいずれか 1項に記載の製造方法。  (28) The production method according to any one of the above (23) to (27), wherein the compound represented by the formula (VI) is Keihi's acid.
以下、 本発明を詳細に説明する。  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
1. 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ (ビフエニルジォキシゲナーゼ) 及び芳香環ジヒ ドロジオールデサチユラーゼ (ジヒドロビフエ二ルジオール デサチユラーゼ) 本発明では、 2種類の酵素、 すなわち、 改変芳香環 (改変ビフエニル) ジォキ シゲナーゼ (今後は単に 「芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ」 と記載) 及び芳香環 (ビフ ェニル) ジヒドロジオール デサチユラ一ゼ (デヒドロゲナーゼ) (今後は単に 「芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラーゼ」 と記載) の活性を利用している。 こ れらの酵素は上記酵素をコードする遺伝子を有する微生物から得ることができる1. Aromatic ring dioxygenase (biphenyl dioxygenase) and aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturylase (dihydrobiphenyldiol desaturylase) In the present invention, two kinds of enzymes, namely, a modified aromatic ring (modified biphenyl) dioxy are used. Utilizing the activities of cigenase (hereinafter simply referred to as "aromatic dioxygenase") and aromatic ring (biphenyl) dihydrodiol desaturase (dehydrogenase) (hereinafter simply referred to as "aromatic dihydrodiol desaturase") I have. These enzymes can be obtained from microorganisms having genes encoding the above enzymes.
。 そのような微生物としては、 例えば、 ビフエニルゃ PCB等を分解するビフエ二 ル分解細菌、 例えば、 シユードモナス (Pseudomonas) 属、 コマモナス (Comamon as) 属、 ブルクホルデリア (Burk olderia) 属、 スフインゴモナス (Sphingomon as) 属、 ロドコッカス (Rhodococcus) 属、 ラルストニア (Ral s toni a) 属等に属 する細菌を挙げることができる。 これらの属に属する細菌の例としては、 シュ一 ドモナス ·シュ一ドアルカリケ不ス (Pseudomonas pseudoalcal igenes) 、 コマ モナス ·テストステロ二 (Comamonas tes tos teroni) 、 ブルクホルデリァ ·セパ シァ (Burkholderia cepac ia) 、 スフィンゴモナス ·ァロマティシボランス (S hingomonas aromat ic ivorans) 、 ロドコッカス .グロべルラス (Rodococcus glo berul us) 、 ラルストニア ·ォキサラティ力 (Ra l s ton i a oxal at ica) 等を挙げる ことができる。 これらの細菌は、 ATCCや DSMZ等のカルチャーコレクションから入 手可能である。 ただし、 本発明で利用可能な微生物は上記のものに限定されず、 芳香環ジォキシゲナ一ゼあるいは芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラーゼ活性を 有する酵素をコードする遺伝子の少なくとも一方を有する微生物であればどのよ うなものでも利用することができる。 なお、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ遺伝子と芳 香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラーゼ遺伝子は通常、 ゲノム DNAまたはプラスミ ド DNA内において、 隣通しか ごく近傍に存在しているので、 どちらか一方の遗伝 子の配列を含むクローン、 たとえばコスミドクローン等をコロニーハイブリダィ ゼーシヨン法等により単離すれば、 簡単にもう一方の遺伝子も一緒に単離するこ とができる。 . Such microorganisms include, for example, biphenyl-degrading bacteria that degrade biphenyl PCBs and the like, for example, genus Pseudomonas, genus Comamonas, genus Burk olderia, and sphingomonas. ), Rhodococcus, Ralstonia, and the like. Examples of bacteria belonging to these genera include Pseudomonas pseudoalcal igenes, Comamonas tes tos teroni, Burkholderia cepac ia, and Sphingos. Monas alomati sivorans (Shingomonas aromatic ivorans), Rhodococcus .globerlus (Rodococcus glo berul us), Ralstonia oxalati power (Ralstonia oxalat ica) and the like. These bacteria are available from culture collections such as ATCC and DSMZ. However, the microorganisms that can be used in the present invention are not limited to those described above. Any microorganism can be used as long as it has at least one of a gene encoding an aromatic ring dioxygenase or an enzyme having an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase activity. Such a thing can be used. Note that the aromatic ring dioxygenase gene and the aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase gene are usually located in close proximity to each other in genomic DNA or plasmid DNA. If a clone containing the gene, for example, a cosmid clone, is isolated by the colony hybridization method or the like, the other gene can be easily isolated together.
芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ遺伝子又は芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラーゼ遺 伝子を有する微生物の一例として、 本発明者らは、 シユードモナス ·シユードア ルカリゲネス KF707株 (Furukawa, K. and Miyazaki, T. , C loning of gene clus ter encod ing bip enyl and c lorobiphenyl degradat ion in Pseudomonas pseu doalcal igenes. J. Bac teriol. , 166, 392-398. 1986) 及びブルクホルデリア, セパシァ LB400株 (Pseudomonas属に近い) (Erickson, B. D., Mondello, F. J. , ucleotide sequencing and transcriptional mapping of the genes encodin g biphenyl dioxgenase, a multicomponent polyc lorinated-biphenyl-degradi ng enzyme in Pseudomonas strain LB400. J. Bacteriol. , 174, 2903-2912, 19 92) の解析を行い、 上記 2種類の酵素遺伝子を単離している。 シユードモナス * シユードアルカリゲネス KF707株由来の芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ遺伝子 (bphA!A2 A3A4) を組み込んだ大腸菌 JM109 (pKF6622) は、 2000年 9月 13日付けで旧通商産 業省工業技術院生命工学工業技術研究所 (現特許生物寄託センター X305- 8566 茨城県つくば巿東卜卜 1 中央第 6) に寄託されている (受託番号 FERM BP- 730 0) 。 また、 シユードモナス ·シユードアルカリゲネス KF707株とブルクホルデリ ァ ·セパシァ LB400株由来の bphA 1との間で DNAシャフリングを行い分子進化させ た bphAl (2072)遺伝子を含む芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ遺伝子 (bphAl (2072) A2A3A4 ) を組み込んだ大腸菌 JM109 (PKF2072) は、 2000年 9月 13日付けで旧通商産業省 工業技術院生命工学工業技術研究所 (現特許生物寄託センター 305-8566 茨 城県つくば市東卜 1-1 中央第 6) に寄託されている (受託番号 FERM BP- 7299) 。 また、 シユードモナス,シユードアルカリゲネス KF707株由来の芳香環ジヒド ロジオールデサチユラ一ゼ遗伝子 bpliBの配列 (GenBank accession M83673) を配 列番号 1に示した。 As an example of a microorganism having an aromatic ring dioxygenase gene or an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase gene, the present inventors have proposed a strain of Pseudomonas sudoa rucarigenes KF707 (Furukawa, K. and Miyazaki, T., Cloning of gene clus). J. Bac teriol., 166, 392-398. 1986) and Burkholderia, terencoding bipenyl and chlorobiphenyl degradation in Pseudomonas pseu doalcal igenes. J. Bacteriol.Sepacia LB400 strain (close to the genus Pseudomonas) (Erickson, BD, Mondello, FJ, ucleotide sequencing and transcriptional mapping of the genes encodin g biphenyl dioxgenase, a multicomponent polyc lorinated-biphenyl-degrading enzyme in Pseudomonas strain LB400. , 174, 2903-2912, 1992) and isolated the above two types of enzyme genes. Pseudomonas * Escherichia coli JM109 (pKF6622) incorporating the aromatic ring oxygenase gene (bphA! A2 A3A4) derived from Pseudoalkaligenes strain KF707 was released on September 13, 2000, by the former Ministry of International Trade and Industry, (Currently the Patent Organism Depositary Center X305-8566, Tsukuba East Bureau, Ibaraki Pref., Central No. 6) (Accession No. FERM BP-7300). In addition, the aromatic ring dioxygenase gene (bphAl (2072) A2A3A4) including the bphAl (2072) gene, which was evolved by performing DNA shuffling between bphA1 derived from Pseudomonas pseudoalkagenes KF707 strain and b. E. coli JM109 (PKF2072), which incorporates E. coli), was established on September 13, 2000, by the former Ministry of International Trade and Industry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (currently the Patent Organism Depositary Center 305-8566 1-1 Toguro, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture Deposited with Central No. 6) (Accession No. FERM BP-7299). In addition, SEQ ID NO: 1 shows the sequence (GenBank accession M83673) of aromatic ring dihydroxydiol desaturase gene bpliB derived from Pseudomonas and pseudoalkagenes strain KF707.
上記 2種類の酵素、 すなわち、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼと芳香環ジヒドロジォ ールデサチユラーゼの元々報告されていた機能を下図に示す (Kiniura, N. , Nish i, A., Goto, M. , Furukawa, K. , Functional analyses of a variety of chime ric dioxygenases constructed froi two biphenyl dioxygenases that are sim ilar structurally but different functionally. J. Bacteriol. , 179, 3936 - 3943, 1997) 。
Figure imgf000019_0001
The originally reported functions of the two enzymes, aromatic ring dioxygenase and aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase, are shown in the figure below (Kiniura, N., Nishi, A., Goto, M., Furukawa, K., Functional analyzes of a variety of chimeric ric dioxygenases constructed froi two biphenyl dioxygenases that are sim ilar structurally but different functionally. J. Bacteriol., 179, 3936-3943, 1997).
Figure imgf000019_0001
ビフエ二ル ジヒドロジオール ジオール 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ遺伝子は、 bphAL bpM2、 bpM3、 bphA4からなり、 芳 香環ジヒドロジオールデサチュラーゼは bphB遺伝子からなっている。 Biphenyl dihydrodiol diol The aromatic ring dioxygenase gene consists of bphAL bpM2, bpM3 and bphA4, and the aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase consists of the bphB gene.
本明細書でいう芳香環ジォキシゲナ一ゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチュ ラーゼには、 上記の遺伝子を有する微生物から産生されるものだけでなく、 例え ば、 それらの遺伝子間で DNAシャフリング等の分子進化工学的手法を施して得ら れる改変遺伝子を導入した組換え微生物から産生される改変芳香環ジォキシゲナ ーゼ及び改変芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一ゼ等も含まれる。  The aromatic ring dioxygenase and aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase referred to in the present specification include not only those produced from microorganisms having the above genes, but also, for example, molecules such as DNA shuffling between those genes. Modified aromatic ring dioxygenase and modified aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase produced from a recombinant microorganism into which a modified gene obtained by performing an evolutionary engineering technique has been introduced are also included.
本発明者らは、 本発明において、 シユードモナス ·シユードアルカリゲネス K F707株の bphAlとブルクホルデリァ ·セパシァ LB400株の bpliAl間で DNAシャフリ ングを行い、 コードされる酵素の基質特異性を広げた bphAl遺伝子 (DDBJ/Genban k access ion AB085748) 、 及び シュ一ドモナス,シユードアルカリゲネス KF7 07株由来の bphA2、 bpM3、 bpM4、 bpliB遺伝子 (DDBJ/Genbank access ion M83673 ) を用いた。 しかしながら、 同様の酵素活性を有する相当遺伝子は他にもあるの で、 本発明はこれらの遗伝子配列を有する組換え微生物から産生される酵素を利 用するものに限定されるものではないことはいうまでもない。  The present inventors conducted a DNA shuffling between bphAl of Pseudomonas pseudoalkagenes KF707 strain and bpliAl of Burgholderia sepacia LB400 strain in the present invention to expand the substrate specificity of the encoded enzyme, bphAl gene ( DDBJ / Genbank accession AB085748), and bphA2, bpM3, bpM4, and bpliB genes (DDBJ / Genbank accession M83673) derived from Pseudomonas and pseudoalcaligenes KF707 strain. However, the present invention is not limited to those utilizing enzymes produced from recombinant microorganisms having these gene sequences, since there are other corresponding genes having similar enzyme activities. Needless to say.
なお、 DNAシャフリング等の分子進化工学的手法は、 現在では一般的な手法に なりつつあるので、 参考文献を参照されたい (たとえば、 Kurtzman, A. L. , Gov indaraj an, S. , Vahle, K. , Jones, J. T. , He inrichs, V. , Pat ten P. A. , Adv ances in di rected prote in evolut ion by recurs ive genet ic recombinat ion : appl icat ions to therapeut ic prote ins. Curr. Opinion Bio techno 1. , 12, 36 1-370, 2001) 。  It should be noted that molecular evolution engineering techniques such as DNA shuffling are now becoming general techniques, so please refer to the references (for example, Kurtzman, AL, Gov indarjan, S., Vahle, K. , Jones, JT, He inrichs, V., Pat ten PA, Advances in di rected prote in evolut ion by recurs ive genet ic recombinat ion: appl icat ions to therapeut ic prote ins. Curr.Opinion Bio techno 1., 12 , 36 1-370, 2001).
2 . 微生物への導入 ·発現 本発明では、 例えば、 上記 1で説明した改変芳香環 (改変ビフエニル) ジォキ シゲナーゼ [bphAl (2072):: bphA2A3AA4] (bphAl (2072) A2A3A4) 遺伝子、 及び、 芳香環 (ビフエニル) ジヒドロジオールデサチユラーゼ (bphB) 遺伝子を導入 - 発現させた組換え大腸菌及びその組換え大腸菌が産生する酵素を用いることがで きる。 外来遺伝子を大腸菌に導入 ·発現する方法は常法により行うことができる2. Introduction and expression into microorganisms In the present invention, for example, the modified aromatic ring (modified biphenyl) dioxygenase [bphAl (2072) :: bphA2A3AA4] (bphAl (2072) A2A3A4) gene and the aromatic ring (biphenyl) dihydrodiol desaturase described in 1 above The recombinant Escherichia coli in which the (bphB) gene has been introduced and expressed and the enzymes produced by the recombinant Escherichia coli can be used. The method for introducing and expressing a foreign gene into Escherichia coli can be performed by a conventional method
(例えは、 Sambrook, J., Russell, D. W. , "Molecular cloning -A laboratory manual", Third edition, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2001) 。 例 えば、 大腸菌ベクターとして pBluescript II SKを用いて、 bphAl (2072) A2A3A4遺 伝子の発現には プロモータを利用することができる。 (For example, Sambrook, J., Russell, D.W., "Molecular cloning -A laboratory manual", Third edition, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2001). For example, using pBluescript II SK as an E. coli vector, a promoter can be used to express the bphAl (2072) A2A3A4 gene.
なお、 宿主としての微生物は大腸菌に限定されるものではない。 たとえば、 放 線菌であるストレブトマイセス (Streptpmyces) 属細菌で、 上記遺伝子を導入 - 発現させることも可能であり、 そのような形質転換した組換え微生物も用いるこ と力できる (Chun, H. -K. , Ohnishi, Y. , S indo, Κ., Misawa, N. , Furukawa, The microorganism used as a host is not limited to Escherichia coli. For example, it is possible to introduce and express the above-mentioned gene in a bacterium belonging to the genus Streptpmyces, which is an actinomycete, and it is also possible to use such a transformed recombinant microorganism (Chun, H. -K., Ohnishi, Y., S indo, Κ., Misawa, N., Furukawa,
K. , Horinouchi, S. , Biotransformation of f 1 avone and f lavanone by Strep tomyces 1 ividans eel Is carrying shuffled biphenyl dioxygenase genes. J.K., Horinouchi, S., Biotransformation of f 1 avone and f lavanone by Strep tomyces 1 ividans eel Is carrying shuffled biphenyl dioxygenase genes.
Mol. Catalysis B: Enzymatic, 21, 113-121, 2003) 。 Mol. Catalysis B: Enzymatic, 21, 113-121, 2003).
さらに、 組換え大腸菌等の微生物から、 必要な酵素を産生させて、 それらを用 いて物質変換を行うことも容易である。 即ち、 本発明は組換え微生物と変換した い基質との混合培養により芳香族ジオールを製造するだけでなく、 該組み換え微 生物または相当遗伝子を有する非組換え微生物が産生する酵素を抽出し、 その抽 出酵素を用いて芳香族ジオールを製造することもできる。  Furthermore, it is easy to produce necessary enzymes from microorganisms such as recombinant Escherichia coli and use them to perform substance conversion. That is, the present invention not only produces an aromatic diol by mixed culture of a recombinant microorganism and a substrate to be converted, but also extracts an enzyme produced by the recombinant microorganism or a non-recombinant microorganism having a corresponding gene. An aromatic diol can also be produced using the extracted enzyme.
本発明では、 上述のような、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ遺伝子、 及び、 芳香環ジ ヒド口ジオールデサチュラ一ゼ遗伝子、 又はそれらの改変遺伝子を有する微生物 が産生する芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ、 及び、 芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ ーゼを用いて、 下記式 (1)、 (II)又は(III) :
Figure imgf000020_0001
In the present invention, as described above, an aromatic ring dioxygenase gene, an aromatic ring dioxygenase produced by a microorganism having an aromatic ring dialdehyde mouth diol desaturase gene, or a modified gene thereof, and an aromatic ring dihydrogenase Using diol desaturase, the following formula (1), (II) or (III):
Figure imgf000020_0001
(I) (Π) (ΠΙ) (式中、 HIは置換基を有していてもよい複素環式基であり、 A1は単結合又は置換 基を有していてもよい炭素数 1〜4のアルキレン基若しくはアルケニレン基であ り、 P2は置換基を有していてもよいフエニル基であり、 A2は置換基を有していて もよい炭素数 2〜4のアルキレン基若しくはアルケニレン基であり、 C1はへテロ 原子置換環式炭化水素基である。 ただし、 C1における環式炭化水素基はフエニル 基を含まない。 ) (I) (Π) (ΠΙ) (Wherein, HI is a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent, and A1 is a single bond or an alkylene group or an alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. P2 is a phenyl group which may have a substituent, A2 is an alkylene group or an alkenylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and C1 is a heteroatom-substituted cyclic group. It is a hydrocarbon group, provided that the cyclic hydrocarbon group for C1 does not include a phenyl group.)
で表されるフエ二ル基を含む芳香族化合物と、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳香 環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一ゼとを反応させて、 芳香族ジオール化合物 (I ' )、 (Ι Γ )又は(Π Γ ) : Reacting an aromatic compound containing a phenyl group represented by the following with an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase, to obtain an aromatic diol compound (I ′), (Ι Γ) or (Π Γ):
Figure imgf000021_0001
Figure imgf000021_0001
(式中、 Hl、 AK P2、 A2及び CIは前記定義のとおりである。 ) (Wherein, H1, AK P2, A2 and CI are as defined above.)
を得ることを含む芳香族ジオールを製造する。 To produce an aromatic diol.
本明細書でいう 「複素環式基」 とは、 窒素原子、 酸素原子、 および硫黄原子か らなる群から選択される 1以上の異種原子を環原子として含んでなる単環式また は二環式の環状基であって、 置換基により置換されていてもよいものを意味する As used herein, the term "heterocyclic group" refers to a monocyclic or bicyclic ring containing, as a ring atom, one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, and a sulfur atom. A cyclic group of the formula, which may be substituted by a substituent
。 「複素環式基」 の例としては、 C Mアルキル基により置換されていてもよい 5. Examples of the “heterocyclic group” include 5 which may be substituted by a C M alkyl group.
〜 7員の飽和または不飽和の単環性複素環式基、 および アルキル基により置 換されていてもよい 9〜 1 1員の飽和または不飽和の二環性複素環式基が挙げら れる。 「複素環式基」 を構成する複素環の具体的な例としては、 キノリン、 イン ドール、 インダノン、 ベンゾチアゾール、 ベンゾキサゾール、 ピリジン、 3—メ チルピリジン、 ピリミジン、 ピロール、 ピラゾール、 3—メチルピラゾール、 ィ ミダゾール、 イソチアゾ一ル、 ベンゾフラン、 チォフェン、 クロモン (4 H—ク ロメンー 4—オン) 、 クロマン一 4一オン、 6—ヒドロキシークロマン一 4ーォ ン、 およびフタルイミド等が挙げられる。 また、 本明細書でいう 「ヘテロ原子置換環式炭化水素基」 とは、 ヘテロ原子を 含む置換基、 例えば、 - (c=o) -、 アミノ基、 ヒドロキシル基等を有する環式炭化 水素のことをいう。 このようなヘテロ原子置換環式炭化水素としては、 例えば、 ィンダニル基等が挙げられる。 A 7- to 11-membered saturated or unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic group, and a 9- to 11-membered saturated or unsaturated bicyclic heterocyclic group which may be replaced by an alkyl group. . Specific examples of the heterocycle constituting the "heterocyclic group" include quinoline, indole, indanone, benzothiazole, benzoxazole, pyridine, 3-methylpyridine, pyrimidine, pyrrole, pyrazole, and 3-methylpyrazole. , Imidazole, isothiazole, benzofuran, thiophene, chromone (4H-chromen-4-one), chroman-141one, 6-hydroxy-chroman-14-one, and phthalimide. As used herein, the term "heteroatom-substituted cyclic hydrocarbon group" refers to a substituent containing a heteroatom, for example, a cyclic hydrocarbon having-(c = o)-, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, or the like. That means. Examples of such a heteroatom-substituted cyclic hydrocarbon include an indanyl group.
アルキレン基は-(CH2) n- (式中、 nは 1〜4の整数) であって、 例えば、 メチ レン基、 エチレン基、 トリメチレン基、 テトラメチレン基、 ェチリデン基、 イソ プ口ピリデン基、 プロピレン基等が挙げられる。 The alkylene group is-(CH 2 ) n- (where n is an integer of 1 to 4), for example, a methylene group, an ethylene group, a trimethylene group, a tetramethylene group, an ethylidene group, an isopropylidene group And a propylene group.
アルケニレン基としては、 例えば、 ビニレン基、 1-プロべ二レン基、 1-プテニ レン基、 2-ブテニレン基等が挙げられる。  Examples of the alkenylene group include a vinylene group, a 1-probenylene group, a 1-ptenylene group, a 2-butenylene group, and the like.
上記複素環式基、 アルキレン基及びアルケニレン基は、 その基内に- (C=0) -、 - 0 -等の構造を含んでいてもよい。 さらに、 上記複素環式基、 アルキレン基及びァ ルケ二レン基は置換基を有していてもよい。 置換基としては、 炭素数 1〜4のァ ルキル基、 アミノ基、 ヒドロキシル基、 シァノ基等が挙げられる。  The above heterocyclic group, alkylene group and alkenylene group may have a structure such as-(C = 0)-, -0- in the group. Further, the above-mentioned heterocyclic group, alkylene group and alkenylene group may have a substituent. Examples of the substituent include an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, and a cyano group.
本発明において好適に用いられる化合物としては、 例えば、 以下のような化合 物が挙げられる。  Examples of the compounds suitably used in the present invention include the following compounds.
式(I)の化合物の具体例: Specific examples of compounds of formula (I):
Figure imgf000023_0001
Figure imgf000023_0001
フラボン フラバノン 6-ヒドロキシフラボン  Flavonone Flavanone 6-hydroxyflavone
(flavane) (f lavanone) (6-hydroxyf lavone)
Figure imgf000023_0002
(flavane) (f lavanone) (6-hydroxyf lavone)
Figure imgf000023_0002
-ヒドロキシフラバノン 7 -ヒドロキシイソフラボン -Hydroxyflavanone 7-Hydroxyisoflavone
(6-hydroxyf lavanone) (7- ydroxy isof lavone)
Figure imgf000023_0003
(6-hydroxyf lavanone) (7- ydroxy isof lavone)
Figure imgf000023_0003
2 -フエ二ルビリジン 2-フエニルインドール 2-フエ二ルペンゾキサゾール (2-p enylpyridine) (2 - phenyl indole) (2-phenylbenzoxazole;
Figure imgf000023_0004
2-Phenylrubidin 2-phenylindole 2-Phenylindole 2-phenylphenyloxazole
Figure imgf000023_0004
-フエ二ルペンゾチアゾール 2-フエ二ルキノリン 4-フエニルモルフオリン (2-phenylbenzothiazole) (2-phenyl umol me) (4-phenylmorpnonne) -Phenylpenzothiazole 2-phenylquinoline 4-phenylmorphthiolin (2-phenyl umol me) (4-phenylmorpnonne)
Figure imgf000023_0005
Figure imgf000023_0005
-ベンジルイミダゾール 2 -べンジルピリジン 1-ペンジルピペリドン U - benzyl imidazole) (2-benzylpyridine) (l-benzy]pipeiridone) -Benzylimidazole 2-Benzylpyridine 1-Penzylpiperidone U-benzylimidazole) (2-benzylpyridine) (l-benzy] pipeiridone)
式(II)の化合物の具体例 Specific examples of compounds of formula (II)
Figure imgf000024_0001
Figure imgf000024_0001
(トランス)カルコン  (Trance) Chalcone
[( chalcone] 式(III)の化合物の具体例  [(chalcone] Specific examples of compounds of formula (III)
Figure imgf000024_0002
Figure imgf000024_0002
3-フエ二ル-卜インダノン  3-Feather Indanone
(3-pheny l-l-i ndanone) 上記式(I) (III)の化合物と、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジ オールデサチユラ一ゼとを反応させるか 又はこれらの酵素を産生する微生物と ともに培養することにより、 下記式のように、 式(I)〜(III)のフエニル基内の隣 り合った位置に 2つの水酸基を導入することができる。  (3-phenylindanone) By reacting the compound of the above formula (I) or (III) with an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase, or by culturing with a microorganism producing these enzymes, As in the formula, two hydroxyl groups can be introduced at adjacent positions in the phenyl groups of formulas (I) to (III).
Figure imgf000024_0003
Figure imgf000024_0003
(Γ) (Π') (ΠΙ)  (Γ) (Π ') (ΠΙ)
(式中、 Hl Al Ρ2 Α2及び CIは前記定義のとおりである。 ) (In the formula, Hl Al Ρ2 Α2 and CI are as defined above.)
即ち、 本発明の方法により、 例えば、 上で示した式(I)〜(III)の 16個の化合物 からは以下の対応する芳香族ジオール化合物を得ることができる。 That is, according to the method of the present invention, for example, the following corresponding aromatic diol compounds can be obtained from 16 compounds of the formulas (I) to (III) shown above.
Figure imgf000025_0001
Figure imgf000025_0001
Figure imgf000025_0002
Figure imgf000025_0002
12 13 14 12 13 14
Figure imgf000025_0003
Figure imgf000025_0003
上記式(I)〜(I I I)で表される化合物と、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳香環ジ ヒドロジオールデサチユラーゼ (又は、 これらの酵素を含む破碎微生物、 微生物 培養液、 粗酵素、 精製酵素等) との反応、 あるいは上記 2つの酵素を産生する微 生物とともに培養する方法は、 通常の酵素反応又は培養方法と同様にして常法に より行なうことができる。 A compound represented by any of the above formulas (I) to (III), an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase (or a crushed microorganism or a microorganism containing these enzymes) A reaction with a culture solution, a crude enzyme, a purified enzyme, etc.) or a method of culturing with a microorganism producing the above two enzymes can be carried out by a conventional method in the same manner as a usual enzyme reaction or culture method.
例えば、 上記式(Ι)〜(Ι Π)で表される化合物とともに、 芳香環ジォキシゲナ一 ゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一ゼを産生する微生物を培養する方法 は以下のようにして行なうことができる。  For example, a method of culturing a microorganism that produces an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase together with the compounds represented by the above formulas (Ι) to (Ι Π) is performed as follows. Can be.
微生物を培養する培地としては通常、 該微生物が生育し得る培地であれば良く 、 具体的には、 L B培地、 Μ 9培地、 K B培地、 YM培地、 K Y培地、 F 1 0 1 培地、 等が例示される。  The medium for culturing the microorganism may be any medium in which the microorganism can grow, and specifically, LB medium, Μ9 medium, KB medium, YM medium, KY medium, F101 medium, etc. Is exemplified.
炭素源としては菌体が資化し生育できる炭素化合物であればいずれでも使用可 能である。 窒素源としては、 例えば、 硫酸アンモニゥム、 塩化アンモニゥム、 硝 酸アンモニゥム等の無機窒素源、 酵母エキス、 ペプトン、 肉エキスなどの有機窒 素源を使用することができる。 これらの他に、 必要に応じて、 無機塩類、 金属塩 、 ビタミンなどを添加することもできる。  As the carbon source, any carbon compound that can assimilate and grow cells can be used. As the nitrogen source, for example, inorganic nitrogen sources such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate, and organic nitrogen sources such as yeast extract, peptone and meat extract can be used. In addition to these, if necessary, inorganic salts, metal salts, vitamins, and the like can be added.
培養は、 通常、 温度 20〜40°C、 より好ましくは 25〜35°Cであり、 pHは 5〜 9が 好ましい。 また、 適宜、 振盪培養や回転培養としてもよい。  The cultivation is usually performed at a temperature of 20 to 40 ° C, more preferably 25 to 35 ° C, and a pH of 5 to 9 is preferable. In addition, shaking culture or rotation culture may be used as appropriate.
培養終了後、 培養液を遠心分離機にかけ、 上清を回収し、 上清液を酢酸ェチル 等の有機溶媒を用いて抽出する。 次いで、 抽出液をカラムクロマトグラフィー等 で処理することにより目的とする芳香族ジオールを得ることができる。  After completion of the culture, the culture is centrifuged, the supernatant is collected, and the supernatant is extracted using an organic solvent such as ethyl acetate. Then, the target aromatic diol can be obtained by treating the extract with column chromatography or the like.
さらに、 本発明では芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサ チュラーゼの基質として上記式(1)、 (Π)及び(I I I)の化合物の他に下記式(IV) : P3-A1-H2 (IV)  Furthermore, in the present invention, in addition to the compounds of the above formulas (1), (Π) and (III) as substrates for the aromatic ring dioxygenase and the aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase, the following formula (IV): P3-A1-H2 (IV)
(式中、 A1は単結合又は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数 1〜 4のアルキレン基 若しくはアルケニレン基であり、 Πは置換基を有するフエニル基であり、 H2は非 置換複素環芳香族基である。 )  (In the formula, A1 is a single bond or an alkylene group or alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, Π is a phenyl group having a substituent, and H2 is an unsubstituted heterocyclic aromatic group. Group.)
で表される化合物も同様に用いることができる。 本明細書でいう 「複素環芳香族 基」 とは、 先に述べた複素環式基のうち芳香族性を有する基、 例えばベンゾキサ ゾリル基等のことをいう。 Can be used in the same manner. As used herein, the term "heterocyclic aromatic group" refers to a group having an aromatic property among the aforementioned heterocyclic groups, for example, a benzoxazolyl group.
式(IV)の化合物と芳香環ジォキシゲナ一ゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチ ユラーゼとの反応、 あるいは前記 2つの酵素を産生する微生物とともに培養する 方法は先に述べたのと同様にして行なうことができる。 Compounds of formula (IV) with aromatic ring dioxygenase and aromatic ring dihydrodiol desati The reaction with urase or the method of culturing with a microorganism that produces the two enzymes can be performed in the same manner as described above.
式(IV)の化合物を用いた場合、 H2内の隣合った位置に 2つの水酸基が導入され る。 例えば、 式(IV)の化合物として、 V -ヒドロキシ- 2-フエ二ルペンゾキサゾ ール:  When the compound of the formula (IV) is used, two hydroxyl groups are introduced at adjacent positions in H2. For example, as a compound of formula (IV), V-hydroxy-2-phenylpentoxoxazol:
Figure imgf000027_0001
Figure imgf000027_0001
2' -ヒドロキシ- 2-フェニルベンゾキサゾール  2'-hydroxy-2-phenylbenzoxazole
(2' -hydroxy-2-phenylbenzoxazole) を用いた場合、 複素環芳香族基が置換された下記式の化合物  When (2'-hydroxy-2-phenylbenzoxazole) is used, a compound of the following formula in which a heterocyclic aromatic group is substituted
Figure imgf000027_0002
が得られる。
Figure imgf000027_0002
Is obtained.
本発明の方法により得られる芳香族ジオール化合物は抗酸化作用を有するので 、 抗酸化剤として有用である。 また、 本発明の方法により得られる、 2- (2, 3-ジ ヒドロキシフエ二ル)- 6-ヒドロキシクロマン- 4-オン、 3- (2, 3 -ジヒドロキシフエ 二ル)- 7-ヒドロキシクロメン- 4-オン、 3- (2-ピリジル)ベンゼン- 1, 2 -ジオール、 3- (2-キノリル)ベンゼン - 1, 2 -ジオール、 3- (イミダゾリルメチル)ベンゼン - 1, 2 - ジオール、 3_ (2-ピリジルメチル)ベンゼン- 1, 2-ジオール、 1- [ (2, 3-ジヒドロキ シフエニル)メチル]ピペリジン -4-オン、 3- (2, 3-ジヒドロキシフエニル) -卜フエ ニルプロパン- 1-オン、 3- (2, 3-ジヒドロキシフエニル)インダン- 1-オン又は 2 -(2 -ヒドロキシフエニル)ベンゾォキサゾール- 4, 5-ジオールは新規な化合物である 本発明ではまた、 分子内にアミノ基とフエ二ル基を有する芳香族化合物 (芳香 族第一級ァミン) から芳香族ジオールを製造する方法を提供している。 このよう な芳香族第一級ァミンの水酸化物は経口用医薬品や化学原料等の産業上有用な有 機低分子化合物の化学合成のためのビルディングブロックとして有用である。 一 般に、 アミノ基を有する有機低分子化合物 (第一級ァミン) は、 分子双極子を有 しており、 窒素原子の方に電子密度がシフトしている。 その結果として、 ァミノ 基は求核性を有している。 このような第一級ァミンの性質のため、 アミノ基をそ のままにしたままで、 任意の炭素原子部位に官能基を導入することは、 生物変換 反応によっても、 有機化学反応によっても非常に困難であった。 発明者らが検討 したところによっても、 分子内にアミノ基とフエ二ル基を有する芳香族化合物そ のものを芳香環ジォキシゲナ一ゼの基質にすることは不可能であつた。 しかしな がら、 発明者らは以前、 芳香族第一級ァミンにおけるアミノ基をフ夕ル酸イミド 体に化学変換した化合物が、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ [bphAl (2072) A2A3A4] 遺 伝子を発現した放線菌ストレプトマイセス · リビダンス (St reptomyces l ividan s) により、 水酸化産物に変換されることを見出した (特許文献 1参照) 。 たと えば、 1-フエニルェチルァミンのフタル酸イミド誘導体を、 上記の放線菌と混合 培養することにより、 分子内のフエニル基に水酸基を導入することができた。 な お、 芳香族第一級ァミンのフ夕ル酸イミド誘導体は、 抱水ヒドラジン処理するこ とにより、 容易にフリー体に導くことができる。 しかしながら、 芳香族第一級ァ ミンのフタル酸イミド誘導体の変換率は 4〜5 %と低く、 また、 同様の芳香環ジォ キシゲナーゼ遺伝子を有する大腸菌では変換することができなかった (特許文献 1参照) 。 Since the aromatic diol compound obtained by the method of the present invention has an antioxidant effect, it is useful as an antioxidant. Also, 2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -6-hydroxychroman-4-one, 3- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -7-hydroxychromene obtained by the method of the present invention. -4-one, 3- (2-pyridyl) benzene-1,2-diol, 3- (2-quinolyl) benzene-1,2-diol, 3- (imidazolylmethyl) benzene-1,2-diol, 3_ (2-pyridylmethyl) benzene-1,2-diol, 1-[(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) methyl] piperidin-4-one, 3- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -tophenylpropane-1 -One, 3- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) indan-1-one or 2- (2 -Hydroxyphenyl) benzoxazole-4,5-diol is a novel compound. In the present invention, it is also possible to use an aromatic compound having an amino group and a phenyl group in the molecule (aromatic primary amine). A method for producing an aromatic diol is provided. Such an aromatic primary amine hydroxide is useful as a building block for the chemical synthesis of industrially useful organic low molecular compounds such as oral drugs and chemical raw materials. In general, low molecular organic compounds having amino groups (primary amines) have a molecular dipole, and the electron density shifts toward the nitrogen atom. As a result, the amino group is nucleophilic. Due to this nature of primary amines, introducing a functional group at any carbon atom site while leaving the amino group intact is very difficult, both by biotransformation reactions and organic chemical reactions. It was difficult. According to the investigations made by the inventors, it was impossible to use an aromatic compound having an amino group and a phenyl group in a molecule as a substrate for an aromatic dioxygenase. However, the inventors have previously reported that a compound obtained by chemically converting an amino group in an aromatic primary amine into a fluorinated imide form was an actinic gene expressing an aromatic dioxygenase [bphAl (2072) A2A3A4] gene. It was found that it was converted to a hydroxylated product by the fungus Streptomyces lividans (see Patent Document 1). For example, by mixing and culturing a phthalimide derivative of 1-phenylethylamine with the above-mentioned actinomycetes, a hydroxyl group could be introduced into a phenyl group in the molecule. The fluorinated imide derivative of the aromatic primary amine can be easily converted to a free form by treating with hydrazine hydrate. However, the conversion rate of the phthalimide derivative of an aromatic primary amine is as low as 4 to 5%, and it cannot be converted in Escherichia coli having a similar aromatic ring dioxygenase gene (Patent Document 1). See).
本発明者らは、 上記の欠点を補うために検討を加えた結果、 分子内にアミノ基 とフエ二ル基を有する芳香族化合物 (芳香族第一級ァミン) のァミノ基に BOC (i The present inventors have conducted studies to compensate for the above-mentioned drawbacks, and as a result, have found that BOC (i
-BOO 保護基 (- COOC (CH3) 3) を付けた化合物が、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ [A compound bearing a -BOO protecting group (-COOC (CH 3 ) 3 ) is an aromatic dioxygenase [
Al (2072) A2A3A4] 遺伝子と芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラーゼ (bphB) 遺伝 子とを有する大腸菌により、 高効率で芳香族ジオールに変換されることを見出し た。 Al (2072) A2A3A4] gene and an aromatic dihydrodiol desaturylase (bphB) gene were found to be efficiently converted to aromatic diols by Escherichia coli containing the gene. Was.
本発明では、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ 一ゼの基質として、 下記式 (V) :
Figure imgf000029_0001
In the present invention, the substrate of the aromatic ring dioxygenase and the aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase is represented by the following formula (V):
Figure imgf000029_0001
(式中、 A1は単結合又は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数 1〜4のアルキレン基 若しくはアルケニレン基である。 ) (In the formula, A1 is a single bond or an alkylene group or alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.)
で表される芳香族化合物のァミノ基を B0C保護基で保護した後、 芳香環ジォキシ ゲナーゼ及び芳香環ジヒド口ジオールデサチユラーゼと反応させることにより、 芳香族ジオール化合物 ( V) : After protecting the amino group of the aromatic compound represented by the following formula with a B0C protecting group, the aromatic compound is reacted with an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrid diol desaturase to obtain an aromatic diol compound (V):
Figure imgf000029_0002
Figure imgf000029_0002
(式中、 BOCは BOC保護基を表し、 Alは前記定義のとおりである。 ) (Wherein, BOC represents a BOC protecting group, and Al is as defined above.)
を製造する。 アルキレン基、 及びアルケニレン基の説明は先に述べたとおりであ る。 また、 ァミノ基に B0C保護基を付けるのは常法に基づいて行うことができる 。 たとえば、 芳香族第一級ァミンを 50 %ジォキサンに溶かし、 アルカリ中で、 ジ -上-ブチルジカルボネート (d i-t er t- bu tyl d i carbonat e) と反応させることに より、 BOC ( t-BOC) 保護物を得ることができる。 To manufacture. The description of the alkylene group and the alkenylene group is as described above. Also, the B0C protecting group can be attached to the amino group according to a conventional method. For example, BOC (t-BOC) is obtained by dissolving an aromatic primary amine in 50% dioxane and reacting it with di-tert-butyl dicarbonate in alkali. ) You can get protection.
式 ( V) の化合物に B0C保護基を付けたものと、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び 芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラーゼとの反応、 あるいは前記 2つの酵素を産 生する微生物とともに培養する方法は、 先に述べたのと同様にして行うことがで きる。  The reaction of a compound of formula (V) with a B0C protecting group and an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase, or a method of culturing with a microorganism that produces the above two enzymes is described above. This can be done in the same way as described above.
たとえば、 式 (V) の化合物として、 ァニリン、 ベンジルァミン、 1-フエニル ェチルァミン:
Figure imgf000030_0001
For example, compounds of formula (V) include aniline, benzylamine, 1-phenylethylamine:
Figure imgf000030_0001
ァニリン 1 -フエニルェチルァミン Aniline 1-phenylethylamine
(ani l ine) (benzyl amine) (1- phenyl ethyl amine) (ani l ine) (benzyl amine) (1-phenyl ethyl amine)
を用いた場合、 フエニル基が置換された下記式の化合物 When used, a compound of the following formula in which a phenyl group is substituted
Figure imgf000030_0002
が得られる。 なお、 本 BOC保護基は、 10%のトリフルォロ酢酸 (TFA) を含むジク ロロメタン中で、 室温、 3時間撹拌することにより、 容易に脱保護できる。 その 結果、 下図のように、 遊離アミノ基を有する芳香族ジオールに戻すことができる
Figure imgf000030_0002
Is obtained. The BOC protecting group can be easily deprotected by stirring at room temperature for 3 hours in dichloromethane containing 10% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). As a result, it can be converted back to an aromatic diol having a free amino group as shown below.
Figure imgf000030_0003
なお、 23の化合物は、 新規の化合物である。
Figure imgf000030_0003
The 23 compounds are new compounds.
本発明ではさらに、 分子内にカルボン酸とフエ二ル基を有する芳香族化合物 ( 芳香族カルボン酸) から芳香族ジオールを製造する方法を提供している。 このよ うな芳香族カルボン酸の水酸化物は経口用医薬品や化学原料等の産業上有用な有 機低分子化合物の化学合成のためのビルディングブロックとして有用である。 前 述のァミノ基を有する有機低分子化合物 (第一級ァミン) がプラスの電荷を有す るビルディングブロックであるのに対して、 芳香族カルボン酸はマイナスの電荷 を有するビルディングブロックである。  The present invention further provides a method for producing an aromatic diol from an aromatic compound having a carboxylic acid and a phenyl group in the molecule (aromatic carboxylic acid). Such an aromatic carboxylic acid hydroxide is useful as a building block for the chemical synthesis of industrially useful organic low molecular compounds such as oral drugs and chemical raw materials. The aforementioned organic low molecular weight compound having an amino group (primary amine) is a building block having a positive charge, while an aromatic carboxylic acid is a building block having a negative charge.
発明者らは、 分子内にカルボン酸とフエ二ル基を有する芳香族化合物(芳香族 カルボン酸) そのものを、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ [bphAl (2072) Α2Α3Α4] 遺伝 子と芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラーゼ (bphB) 遺伝子とを有する組換え大 腸菌と共に混合培養を行っても変換することができないことを見出した。 そこで 、 塩酸メタノールを用いてカルボン酸のメチルエステル化を行ったところ、 その 芳香族カルボン酸メチルエステル体は、 上記の組換え大腸菌により、 高効率で芳 香族ジオールに変換されることを見出した。  The present inventors have proposed that an aromatic compound having a carboxylic acid and a phenyl group in the molecule (aromatic carboxylic acid) itself is used as an aromatic dioxygenase [bphAl (2072) Α2Α3Α4] gene and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase ( It was found that conversion was not possible even when mixed culture was performed with recombinant E. coli having the bphB) gene. Therefore, when methyl esterification of carboxylic acid was performed using methanol hydrochloride, it was found that the aromatic methyl ester of carboxylic acid was converted to aromatic diol with high efficiency by the above-mentioned recombinant Escherichia coli. .
本発明では、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ 一ゼの基質として、 下記式 (VI) :  In the present invention, the substrate of the aromatic ring dioxygenase and the aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase is represented by the following formula (VI):
Figure imgf000031_0001
Figure imgf000031_0001
(式中、 A3は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数 1〜4のアルキレン基若しくはァ ルケ二レン基である。 ) (In the formula, A3 is an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkenylene group which may have a substituent.)
で表される芳香族化合物のカルボキシル基をメチル (ァシル) エステル等の炭素 数 1〜4のアルキルエステルにした後、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳香環ジヒ ドロジオールデサチユラーゼと反応させることにより、 芳香族ジオール化合物 ( VI') :
Figure imgf000032_0001
The carboxyl group of the aromatic compound represented by is converted to an alkyl ester having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as methyl (acyl) ester and then reacted with an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase to obtain an aromatic compound. Diol compound (VI '):
Figure imgf000032_0001
(式中、 Rはメチル基等の炭素数 1〜4のアルキル基を表し、 A3は前記定義のと おりである。 ) (In the formula, R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as a methyl group, and A3 is as defined above.)
を製造する。 アルキレン基、 及びアルケニレン基の説明は先に述べたとおりであ る。 Rは炭素数 1〜4の直鎖又は分枝アルキル基であり、 例えば、 メチル、 ェチ ル、 n -プロピル、 イソプロピル、 n-ブチル、 sec-ブチル、 t er t-プチル、 イソブ チル基等が挙げられる。 また、 芳香族カルボン酸のカルボン酸のメチルエステル 化による保護は常法、 たとえば、 以下のような方法により行うことができる。 芳 香族カルボン酸 500 nigを 5 mlの 5% HC l-MeOH (塩酸メタノール) 溶液に溶解し、 室温で 6時間反応させる。 その後減圧下で HC 1- MeOH溶液を留去し、 残った反応物 をシリカゲルカラム (直径 1 cm X 長さ 15 cm) で精製することにより、 カル ボン酸のメチルエステルを得ることができる。 反応産物 VI'のメチル基等のアル キル基は、 アル力リで撹拌処理することにより容易に遊離の芳香族カルボン酸に 戻すことができる。 たとえば、 芳香族カルボン酸メチルエステル体を、 塩酸 -炭 酸カリウム水溶液 (80 : 20) で 6時間撹拌処理することにより、 遊離の芳香族力 ルボン酸に戻すことができる。 この芳香族カルボン酸は、 反応液に 5倍量位の水 を加え塩酸で PH3- 4にした後、 酢酸ェチルで分液することに容易に回収すること ができる。  To manufacture. The description of the alkylene group and the alkenylene group is as described above. R is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, etc. Is mentioned. The protection of the aromatic carboxylic acid by methyl esterification of the carboxylic acid can be carried out by a conventional method, for example, by the following method. 500 nig of aromatic carboxylic acid is dissolved in 5 ml of 5% HCl-MeOH (methanol hydrochloride) solution and reacted at room temperature for 6 hours. Thereafter, the HC 1-MeOH solution is distilled off under reduced pressure, and the remaining reaction product is purified by a silica gel column (diameter 1 cm × length 15 cm) to obtain a carboxylic acid methyl ester. Alkyl groups such as methyl groups in the reaction product VI ′ can be easily converted back into free aromatic carboxylic acids by stirring with alkylation. For example, the aromatic carboxylic acid methyl ester can be returned to free aromatic carboxylic acid by stirring for 6 hours with a hydrochloric acid-potassium carbonate aqueous solution (80:20). This aromatic carboxylic acid can be easily recovered by adding about 5 times the amount of water to the reaction solution, converting the solution to PH3-4 with hydrochloric acid, and separating the solution with ethyl acetate.
式 (V I) の化合物のメチル (ァシル) エステル体 (V P) と、 芳香環ジォキ シゲナ一ゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一ゼとの反応、 あるいは前記 2つの酵素を産生する微生物とともに培養する方法は、 先に述べたのと同様にし て行うことができる。  Reaction of the methyl (asyl) ester (VP) of the compound of formula (VI) with an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase, or cultivation with a microorganism producing the above two enzymes The method can be performed in the same manner as described above.
たとえば、 式 (VI) の化合物として、 ケィヒ酸: For example, compounds of formula (VI) include:
Figure imgf000033_0001
Figure imgf000033_0001
ケィヒ酸  Keichic acid
(cinnamic acid)  (cinnamic acid)
を用いた場合、 フヱニル基が置換された下記式の化合物 When used, a compound of the following formula in which a phenyl group is substituted
Figure imgf000033_0002
Figure imgf000033_0002
24  twenty four
が得られる。 なお、 このメチルエステル体はアル力リ中で撹拌処理することによ り、 下図のように、 遊離カルボン酸を有する芳香族ジオールに戻すことができる Is obtained. In addition, this methyl ester can be returned to an aromatic diol having a free carboxylic acid as shown in the figure below by stirring in an alcohol.
Figure imgf000033_0003
本明細書は本願の優先権の基礎である特願 2 0 0 3 - 0 5 7 8 6 7号の明細書 に記載される内容を包含する。 発明を実施するための最良の形態
Figure imgf000033_0003
This description includes part or all of the contents as disclosed in the description of Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-05707867, which is a priority document of the present application. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
以下、 実施例により本発明について具体的に説明する。 もっとも、 本発明はこ れにより限定されるものではない。  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited thereby.
[実施例 1 ] 改変芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ遺伝子発現用プラスミド PKF2072の作 製  [Example 1] Production of PKF2072, a plasmid for expressing a modified aromatic dioxygenase gene
改変芳香環 (改変ビフエニル) ジォキシゲナーゼ遺伝子発現用プラスミド PKF2 072は、 例えば、 特許文献 1 (特開 2003- 269号公報) 等に記載の方法を参照する ことにより作製することができる。  The plasmid PKF2072 for expressing a modified aromatic ring (modified biphenyl) digoxygenase gene can be prepared by, for example, referring to the method described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-269).
ブルクホルデリァ ·セパシァ LB400 株由来の芳香環 (ビフエニル) ジォキシ ゲナーゼ 大サブュニットをコードする遺伝子 (M ) (この塩基配列は GenBank access ion M86348に登録されている) とシユードモナス ·シユードアルカリゲ ネス KF707株由来の芳香環 (ビフエニル) ジォキシゲナ一ゼの大サブュニットを コードする DNA (bphAl) (この塩基配列は GenBank access ion M83673に登録され ている) を、 共通のフランキング配列からなる bphAlプライマーを用いた PCRによ り単離した。 bphAlプライマーの塩基配列を示すと、  A gene (M) encoding the large subunit of the aromatic ring (biphenyl) dioxygenase derived from the strain Burkholderia sepacia LB400 (this nucleotide sequence is registered in GenBank accession M86348) and the gene derived from the strain KF707 derived from Pseudomonas pseudoalkagenes. The DNA (bphAl) encoding the large subunit of the aromatic ring (biphenyl) dioxygenase (this nucleotide sequence is registered in GenBank accession M83673) was amplified by PCR using a bphAl primer consisting of a common flanking sequence. Isolated. When showing the base sequence of the bphAl primer,
フォワード側: 5 ' -CCGAATTCAAGGAGACGTTGAATCATGAGCTCAGC-3 ' Forward side: 5 '-CCGAATTCAAGGAGACGTTGAATCATGAGCTCAGC-3'
リバース側: 5, -TTGAATTCTTCCGGTTGACAGATCT-3 ' Reverse side: 5, -TTGAATTCTTCCGGTTGACAGATCT-3 '
なお、 フォワード側には^ l部位が、 リバース側には Π部位があり、 両側に さらに 部位が付与されている (いずれも、 アンダーラインで示されている)There is a ^ l site on the forward side and a Π site on the reverse side, with additional sites on both sides (both are underlined)
。 PCRの条件は、 94。C 1 分、 52 1. 5 分、 72°C 1 分で、 25サイクル行った。 単離された上記の 2種類の bpliA 1を混ぜ合わせ、 0. 15 ユニットの Dnase I (宝酒 造) で 15で 6 分間、 分解処理した。 10— 50 bp DNA断片をァガロースゲルから回 収後、 混合し、 セルフプライミング PCR, bphAlプライマ一を加えた PCRを行い、 ランダムにアミノ酸配列が入れ替わった(DNA シャフリング)種々のキメラ bphAl を含む PCR産物を得た。 なお、 PCRは上記と同じ条件で行い、 種々のキメラ bphAl を含む PCR産物は、 ΐ/ 1Πで二重消化後、 ァガロースゲルから精製した。 _ pseudoalcaligenes KF707株の bphAlA2A3A4- bphB-bphC 遺伝子群を含む発現 プラスミド pJHFIS (Hirose, J., Auyama, A., Hayas ida, S. , Furukawa, K. , G ene, 128, 27-33, 1994) を有する大腸菌は、 メタ開裂まで反応が進むので、 ビ フエ二ルを基質とした場合は メタ開裂産物として、 2-ヒドロキシ- 6-ォキソ - 6- フエニルへキサ- 2, 4-ジェン酸 (2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-p enylhexa-2, 4-dienoic ac id) を生成する。 一般に、 メタ開裂産物は黄色を呈するので、 434 nm でモニタ 一することが可能である。 プラスミド PJHF18において、 1力所の Mlul部位が bphAl 内にあるので、 Hnlで消化, filled- in後、 re- ligationを行うことにより、 丄のみを破壊したプラスミド pJHF18A Mlulを作製した (T. Kumamaru, H. Suenag a, M. Mitsuoka, T. Watanabe, K. Furukawa, Nature Biotechnology, 16, 663- 666, 1998)。 . PCR conditions are 94. 25 cycles were performed at C 1 minute, 521.5 minutes, and 72 ° C 1 minute. The two types of bpliA1 isolated above were mixed, and digested with 0.15 units of Dnase I (Takara Shuzo) at 15 for 6 minutes. After collecting the 10-50 bp DNA fragment from the agarose gel, mix, and perform self-priming PCR, PCR with bphAl primer added, and PCR products containing various chimeric bphAl in which the amino acid sequence has been changed randomly (DNA shuffling). Got. The PCR was carried out under the same conditions as described above. PCR products containing various chimeric bphAl were purified from agarose gel after double digestion with ΐ / 1Π. _ Expression plasmid pJHFIS containing the bphAlA2A3A4-bphB-bphC gene group of pseudoalcaligenes strain KF707 (Hirose, J., Auyama, A., Hayas ida, S., Furukawa, K., Gene, 128, 27-33, 1994) The reaction proceeds until meta-cleavage, so when biphenyl is used as a substrate, 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-phenylhexa-2,4-genic acid (2 -Hydroxy-6-oxo-6-phenylhexa-2, 4-dienoic ac id). Generally, the meta-cleavage product is yellow and can be monitored at 434 nm. In plasmid PJHF18, since one site of Mlul site is in bphAl, by digesting with Hnl, filling-in and performing re-ligation, plasmid pJHF18A Mlul in which only 、 was destroyed was prepared (T. Kumamaru, H. Suenag a, M. Mitsuoka, T. Watanabe, K. Furukawa, Nature Biotechnology, 16, 663-666, 1998).
次に、 pJHF18A Mlulを Ι/ Πで二重消化により、 AbpliAl遺伝子をのみを 含む 1.39 kb断片を除き、 代わりに、 上記で作製した種々のキメラ bphAlを含む PC R産物 (^Ι/ Πで二重消化後のもの) を挿入し、 種々の改変芳香環ジォキシ ゲナーゼ遺伝子 (modified bphAl: :bphA2A3A4遺伝子)と bp!iBbphC 遺伝子を含む 種々のプラスミド(pSHF 1000シリーズ)を得た。  Next, pJHF18A Mlul was double digested with Π / Π to remove the 1.39 kb fragment containing only the AbpliAl gene, and instead of the PCR product containing the various chimeric bphAls prepared above (^ Ι / Π After heavy digestion), various plasmids (pSHF1000 series) containing various modified aromatic dioxygenase genes (modified bphAl:: bphA2A3A4 gene) and bp! IBbphC gene were obtained.
これら種々のプラスミドを有する大腸菌 XU- Blue にビフエニル蒸気を充て、 メタ開裂により黄色を呈することができるコロニーを選抜し、 以後の実験に用い た。 メタ開裂により黄色を呈することができるコロニーにおいては、 DNA shuffl ingにより得られた modified bphAl 遗伝子が正常に機能できることを意味してい る。  Escherichia coli XU-Blue having these various plasmids was charged with biphenyl vapor, and colonies capable of exhibiting a yellow color by meta-cleavage were selected and used in subsequent experiments. In a colony that can exhibit a yellow color by meta-cleavage, it means that the modified bphAl gene obtained by DNA shuffling can function normally.
ビフエニル蒸気により黄色を呈することができた、 いくつかの大腸菌形質転換 体のうちの 1つ (この大腸菌に含まれるプラスミドを pSHF 1072と命名) は、 ビフ ェニルに対するメタ開裂の分解効率が、 それぞれの親 (KF707及び LB400) の bpM 丄遺伝子を持つものより、 2倍近く高かっただけでなく、 それぞれの親 (KF707及 び LB400) の bphAl遺伝子を持つものが分解できないベンゼンやトルエンをもメタ 開裂により分解することができた。 ただし、 この分解効率は、 P. putida F1 の 相当遺伝子 todCl遺伝子を持つものの 1/3位であった。  One of several Escherichia coli transformants (colored plasmid pSHF1072), which was able to exhibit a yellow color due to biphenyl vapor, showed that the efficiency of meta-cleavage for biphenyl was higher than that of each. Meta-cleavage of benzene and toluene, which were not only nearly twice as high as those with the parental (KF707 and LB400) bpM 丄 genes but also did not degrade the parental (KF707 and LB400) bphAl genes. Could be disassembled. However, this degradation efficiency was about 1/3 of that of the P. putida F1 gene having the todCl gene.
次に、 プラスミド PSHF1072に含まれる shuffled bphAl: :bpM2A3A4遺伝子群 が 大腸菌ベクター PUC118の lacプロモーターの転写のリードスルーを受ける方向に 挿入された、 改変芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ遺伝子発現用プラスミド PKF2072 を作 製した。 より具体的には、 プラスミド PSHF1072から shuffled bphAl-bp A A3A4-b PhB-bphC 遺伝子群を含む 6.78 kb Xhol 断片を切りだし、 pUCl 18の 1部位に揷 入した。 次に、 bphBと bphC内にまたがって存在していた 1.43 kb MI断片を、 £ 皿 Ml消化、 re-ligationにより欠失させた。 これにより、 shuffled bp l (PSHFI 072由来):: bphA2A3A4遺伝子のみを含む 5.35 kb断片が pUC118の プロモーター の転写のリードスルーを受ける方向に揷入されたプラスミド PKF2072を得た。 このプラスミド PKF2072における shuffled bphAl (pSHF 1072由来)遺伝子を以後 、 bphAl (2072)遺伝子と呼ぶ。 本遺伝子の塩基配列は GenBank accession AB0857 48に登録されている。 また、 bpM2A3A4の塩基配列は GenBank accession M83673 に登録されている。 Next, the shuffled bphAl :: bpM2A3A4 gene group contained in the plasmid PSHF1072 is A plasmid PKF2072 for expression of a modified aromatic dioxygenase gene, which was inserted in a direction to receive the transcription read-through of the lac promoter of the E. coli vector PUC118, was produced. More specifically, a 6.78 kb Xhol fragment containing the shuffled bphAl-bp AA3A4-b PhB-bphC gene group was excised from plasmid PSHF1072, and inserted into one site of pUC118. Next, the 1.43 kb MI fragment that existed between bphB and bphC was deleted by digestion with Ml dish and re-ligation. As a result, a plasmid PKF2072 in which a 5.35 kb fragment containing only the shuffled bpl (derived from PSHFI072) :: bphA2A3A4 gene was inserted in a direction to receive the transcription read-through of the pUC118 promoter was obtained. The shuffled bphAl (derived from pSHF 1072) gene in this plasmid PKF2072 is hereinafter referred to as the bphAl (2072) gene. The nucleotide sequence of this gene has been registered in GenBank accession AB085748. The base sequence of bpM2A3A4 is registered in GenBank accession M83673.
なお、 既に、 本発明者らはこの PKF2072が導入された大腸菌 JM109株 [今後、 大 腸菌 (PKF2072) と記述する場合がある] を用いて種々の生変換 (bioconversion ) 実験を行なっており、 その結果は、 前述の非特許文献 1 (Misawa, N. , S indo, K. , Takahashi, Η. , Suenaga, Η. , Iguchi, Κ. , Okazaki, Η. , Harayama, S. , and Furukawa, Κ. , Hydroxylat ion of various molecules including eterocyc lie aromat ics using recombinant Escherichia col i cells expressing niodif i ed bi henyl di oxygenase genes. Tetrahedron, 58, 9605-9612, 2002) ) 、 及 び、 特許文献 1 (特開 2003- 269号公報、 三沢典彦、 新藤一敏、 岡崎寛、 古川謙介 、 堀之内末治、 水酸化された複素環化合物および芳香族カルボン酸の製造方法お よび改変された芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ) に開示している。  In addition, the present inventors have already performed various bioconversion experiments using the E. coli JM109 strain into which PKF2072 has been introduced [hereinafter sometimes referred to as E. coli (PKF2072)]. The results are described in Non-Patent Document 1 (Misawa, N., S indo, K., Takahashi, Η., Suenaga, Η., Iguchi, Κ., Okazaki, Η., Harayama, S., and Furukawa, Κ., Hydroxylat ion of various molecules including eterocyc lie aromatics using recombinant Escherichia col i cells expressing niodified bihenyl di oxygenase genes.Tetrahedron, 58, 9605-9612, 2002)) and Patent Document 1 (JP No. 2003-269, Norihiko Misawa, Kazutoshi Shinto, Hiroshi Okazaki, Kensuke Furukawa, Sueji Horinouchi, production method of hydroxylated heterocyclic compound and aromatic carboxylic acid, and modified aromatic dioxygenase) I have.
大腸菌 (PKF2072) は、 種々のフエ二ル基等を含む複素環芳香族化合物を変換 し、 フエニル基または複素環芳香族基内の隣合った位置に位置特異的に 2つの水 酸基と 2つの水素が導入された芳香族-シス ( l ) -ジヒドロジオール体を立体 選択的に生成できることがわかっている。 その中でも代表的な反応特異性の例は Escherichia coli (PKF2072) converts heterocyclic aromatic compounds containing various phenyl groups, etc., and regiospecifically positions two hydroxyl groups at adjacent positions in the phenyl group or heterocyclic aromatic group. It has been found that an aromatic-cis (l) -dihydrodiol compound into which two hydrogens have been introduced can be stereoselectively formed. Typical examples of reaction specificity are
、 複素環芳香族基とフエニル基が単結合 (ビフエニル結合) した芳香環化合物を 基質とし、 産物として、 複素環芳香族基-シス- 2, 3-ジヒドロベンゼンジオール ( heteroaromatic group-c i s-2, 3-d ihydr obenezened i o 1) を合成する立体特異的反 応 (stereo-specific reaction) である。 An aromatic ring compound in which a heterocyclic aromatic group and a phenyl group are a single bond (biphenyl bond) is used as a substrate, and the product is a heteroaromatic group-cis-2,3-dihydrobenzenediol (heteroaromatic group-cis- Stereospecific synthesis of 2, 3-d ihydr obenezened io 1) This is a stereo-specific reaction.
なお、 上記の改変芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ遺伝子を組み込んだ大腸菌: IM109 (p KF2072) は、 2000年 9月 1 3日付で旧通商産業省工業技術院生命工学工業技 術研究所 (現特許生物寄託センター 〒305- 8566 茨城県つくば市東 1-1- 1 中 央第 6) に寄託されている。 受託番号は、 FERM BP— 7299である。  In addition, Escherichia coli: IM109 (pKF2072) incorporating the modified aromatic dioxygenase gene was released on September 13, 2000 by the former Ministry of International Trade and Industry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology 305- 8566 Deposited with Central 1-1, Higashi 1-1-1 Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture. The accession number is FERM BP-7299.
[実施例 2 ] 改変芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ /芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチュラ ーゼ遺伝子同時発現用プラスミド PBS2072Bの作製  [Example 2] Preparation of PBS2072B, a plasmid for simultaneous expression of a modified aromatic dioxygenase / aromatic dihydrodiol desaturase gene
実施例 1で作製したプラスミド PKF2072から、 bphAl (2072)遺伝子を含む 1.9 kbの^ Ι- Π断片を切り出した。 また、 実施例 1で説明したプラスミド PJHF18 から、 bphA2A3A4と bphB遺伝子 (シユードモナス ·シユードアルカリゲネス KF70 7株由来) を含む 3.78 kbの LII -Clal断片を切り出した。 これら 2つの断片を 丄 II部位を介して、 大腸菌べクタ一 pBluescript II SKの Xbal- Clal部位に挿入し 、 プラスミド PBS2072Bを作製した。  From the plasmid PKF2072 prepared in Example 1, a 1.9 kb ^ Ι- 遺 伝 子 fragment containing the bphAl (2072) gene was cut out. A 3.78 kb LII-Clal fragment containing the bphA2A3A4 and bphB genes (derived from Pseudomonas pseudoalkagenes KF707 strain) was cut out from the plasmid PJHF18 described in Example 1. These two fragments were inserted into the Xbal-Clal site of Escherichia coli vector pBluescript II SK via the II site to prepare plasmid PBS2072B.
プラスミド PBS2072Bにおいて、 bphAl (2072):: bpliA2A3A4bptiB遺伝子は、 ベクタ —の 1^プロモータの転写のリードスルーを受ける方向に揷入されている。 この p BS2072Bを大腸菌 JM109株に導入することにより得られた形質転換体を以後の実験 に用いた。 bphB遺伝子の塩基配列 (配列番号 1) は GenBank accession M83673 に登録されている。  In the plasmid PBS2072B, the bphAl (2072) :: bpliA2A3A4bptiB gene is inserted in the direction to receive the transcription read-through of the 1 ベ ク タ promoter of the vector. The transformant obtained by introducing this pBS2072B into Escherichia coli JM109 strain was used for subsequent experiments. The nucleotide sequence of the bphB gene (SEQ ID NO: 1) is registered in GenBank accession M83673.
[実施例 3] 大腸菌形質転換体と基質 (式(1)、 (11)、 (III)又は (IV)の化合物 、 又は(V)の化合物の B0C保護物、 又は(VI)の化合物のメチルエステル体) との 共存培養の一般的手順  [Example 3] E. coli transformant and substrate (compound of formula (1), (11), (III) or (IV), or B0C protected compound of compound (V), or methyl of compound (VI) General procedure for co-culture with (ester)
実施例 2で作製した芳香環ジォキシゲナ一ゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサ チユラ一ゼ遺伝子を有する組換え大腸菌 JM109、 すなわち、 大腸菌 (PBS2072B) を、 150 ig/mlのアンピシリン (Ap) を含む LB培地 (1% トリプトン、 0.5% 酵 母エキス、 1% NaCl) で対数期前半まで液体培養し、 最終濃度が約 30%になるよ うにグリセロールに懸濁し、 -70〜- 80 のディープフリーザ一に入れることによ り、 グリセロール保存株とした。 また、 コントロールとして、 PUC118等の Ap耐性 のベクターのみを有する大腸菌 (JM109株) も同様に培養してグリセロール保存 株を作製した。 大腸菌 (PBS2072B)との共存培養による基質の芳香族ジオールへの変換反応を 開始するにあたって、 まず、 上記のグリセロール保存株から、 大腸菌形質転換体 を白金耳で搔き取り、 150 g/mlのアンピシリン(Ap)を含む LB培地 4 mlに懸濁 し、 175 rpm、 30°Cで 7〜8時間培養した(前培養)。 次に、 この前培養液を、 150 g/mlの Ap、 0.4% (w/v) のグルコース、 及び 10 xg/mlのチアミン (thiamine ) を含む M9培地 (Sambrook, J. , Russell, D. W. , "Molecular cloning -A labo ratory manual", Third edition, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2001 ) 70 mlに入れ、 175 rpm、 30°Cで 16〜17時間 (一晩) 培養した (本培養)。 これ で 0D 600 nmが約 1になる。 これを 8, 000 rpmで 5分間遠心分離して菌体のみを集め た後、 最終濃度 1 mMのイソプロピル-卜チォ- i3- D_ガラクトピラノシド (IPTG) と 7 mgまたは 1 mM (最終濃度) の基質とを含む 70 mlの M9培地 (150 ng KDk p、 0.4% (w/v) のグルコース、 及び 10 g/mlのチアミンを含む) に懸濁し、 1 75 、 30 で 2〜3日間さらに共存培養を行った。 なお、 基質は前もって、 少量 の丽 S0又は 70%エタノールに溶かしたものを培地に加えた。 培養 2〜3日目に 70 m 1のメタノールを加え 30分間攪拌することにより生成した芳香族ジオールを含む 脂質成分を抽出し、 8, 000 rpmで 5分間遠心分離して上清を集め、 脂質粗抽出液と した。 たいていの場合、 この状態で 4 で数週間、 保存可能であつたが、 脂質粗 抽出液はすぐに HPLC分析に供した。 Recombinant Escherichia coli JM109 having the aromatic ring dioxygenase and aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase gene prepared in Example 2, that is, Escherichia coli (PBS2072B), was cultured in an LB medium containing 150 ig / ml ampicillin (Ap) ( Liquid culture with 1% tryptone, 0.5% yeast extract, 1% NaCl) until the first half of the log phase, suspend in glycerol to a final concentration of about 30%, and place in a -70 to -80 deep freezer. As a result, a glycerol-preserved strain was obtained. In addition, as a control, Escherichia coli (JM109 strain) having only an Ap-resistant vector such as PUC118 was similarly cultured to prepare a glycerol-preserved strain. To initiate the conversion reaction of substrate to aromatic diol by co-culture with Escherichia coli (PBS2072B), first transform the Escherichia coli transformant from the above glycerol-preserved strain with a platinum loop and add 150 g / ml ampicillin. The cells were suspended in 4 ml of LB medium containing (Ap) and cultured at 175 rpm at 30 ° C for 7 to 8 hours (preculture). Next, this preculture was used as an M9 medium containing 150 g / ml Ap, 0.4% (w / v) glucose, and 10 xg / ml thiamine (Sambrook, J., Russell, DW, "Molecular cloning-Laboratory manual", Third edition, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2001), and cultured at 175 rpm, 30 ° C for 16 to 17 hours (overnight) (main culture). This gives 0D 600 nm of about 1. This was centrifuged at 8,000 rpm for 5 minutes to collect only the cells, and then isopropyl-tothio-i3-D_galactopyranoside (IPTG) at a final concentration of 1 mM and 7 mg or 1 mM (final concentration). Suspension in 70 ml of M9 medium (containing 150 ng KDkp, 0.4% (w / v) glucose, and 10 g / ml thiamine) containing 1% Co-culture was further performed for another day. The substrate was previously dissolved in a small amount of 丽 SO or 70% ethanol and added to the medium. On the 2nd and 3rd days of culture, 70 ml of methanol was added, and the lipid component containing the aromatic diol produced by stirring for 30 minutes was extracted.The supernatant was collected by centrifugation at 8,000 rpm for 5 minutes, and the lipid was collected. The crude extract was used. In most cases, this state could be stored for 4 weeks for several weeks, but the crude lipid extract was immediately subjected to HPLC analysis.
[実施例 4] 脂質粗抽出液の HPLC分析手順  [Example 4] HPLC analysis procedure of crude lipid extract
実施例 3で調製された脂質粗抽出液 80, 1を 1回のィンジェクシヨンに供した。 XTerra MS C18カラム (5 urn, 4.6 mm x 250 mm, Waters) を用い、 1 ml/minの 速度で HPLCを行った。 カラム温度は 30 で行った。 HPLCの本体装置として Water s社のアライアンスシステム (2695型) を用い、 フォ卜ダイォードアレイ検出器 として Waters 2996型を用いた。 展開溶媒の条件は、 以下の通りである。  The crude lipid extract 80, 1 prepared in Example 3 was subjected to one injection. HPLC was performed at a rate of 1 ml / min using an XTerra MS C18 column (5 urn, 4.6 mm x 250 mm, Waters). The column temperature was 30. The Waters Alliance System (Type 2695) was used as the main unit of the HPLC, and the Waters Type 2996 was used as the photo diode array detector. The conditions of the developing solvent are as follows.
A液:水 / メタノール (50/50) Liquid A: water / methanol (50/50)
B液:メタノール / 2 -プロパノール (60/40) Solution B: Methanol / 2-propanol (60/40)
0〜5分 (A液)、 5〜20分 (A液)→(B液) 凸型グラジェント(No 3, Waters), 20分 〜 (B液)  0 to 5 minutes (Solution A), 5 to 20 minutes (Solution A) → (Solution B) Convex gradient (No 3, Waters), 20 minutes to (Solution B)
この条件では通常、 31分以内に全化合物が分離された。 210〜350 nmの範囲で 吸収極大値を示した波長 (max plot) でモニターしたピークの面積比をもって変 換率とした。 Under these conditions, all compounds were usually separated within 31 minutes. In the range of 210-350 nm The conversion ratio was defined as the area ratio of the peak monitored at the wavelength (max plot) showing the maximum absorption value.
この分析で目的とする芳香族ジオールの生成が確認されたものについて次の精 製 ·同定のステップを行なった。  The following purification and identification steps were performed for those for which the production of the desired aromatic diol was confirmed in this analysis.
[実施例 5 ] 共存培養により得られた産物の精製 ·同定  [Example 5] Purification and identification of product obtained by co-culture
スケールを 10倍にして実施例 3と同様にして大腸菌 (PBS2072B) と実施例 4で 芳香族ジオールへの変換が確認された化合物 (基質) との共存培養を行なった。 基質としては、 具体的には、 フラボン、 フラバノン、 6-ヒドロキシフラボン、 6 -ヒドロキシフラバノン、 7-ヒドロキシイソフラボン、 2-フエニルピリジン、 2 - フエニルインドール、 2-フエニルベンゾキサゾール、 2-フエニルベンゾチアゾー ル、 2-フエ二ルキノリン、 4-フエニルモルホリン、 1-ベンジルイミダゾール、 2 - ベンジルピリジン、 1 -ベンジルピペリ ドン、 t rans-カルコン、 3-フエニル- 1 -ィ ンダノン及び 2 ' -ヒドロキシ _ 2 -フエニルベンゾキサゾ一ル、 及び、 ァニリン、 ベンジルァミン、 1 -フエニルェチルアミンの B0C保護物、 及び、 ケィヒ酸のメチ ルエステル体を用いた。  Co-culture of Escherichia coli (PBS2072B) and a compound (substrate) confirmed to be converted to an aromatic diol in Example 4 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 3 with a 10-fold scale. Specific examples of the substrate include flavone, flavanone, 6-hydroxyflavone, 6-hydroxyflavanone, 7-hydroxyisoflavone, 2-phenylpyridine, 2-phenylindole, 2-phenylbenzoxazole, Phenylbenzothiazole, 2-phenylquinoline, 4-phenylmorpholine, 1-benzylimidazole, 2-benzylpyridine, 1-benzylpiperidone, trans-chalcone, 3-phenyl-1-indanone and 2 ' -Hydroxy-2-phenylbenzoxazole, BOC protected product of aniline, benzylamine, 1-phenylethylamine, and methyl ester of keichic acid were used.
大腸菌 (PBS2072B) と実施例 4で芳香族ジオールへの変換が確認された基質と の混合培養液 700 ml〜1400 mlに等量のメタノールを添加し、 室温で 2時間撹拌 した。 これを 7, 000 rpmで 10 min遠心分離し、 上清を回収した。 上清は減圧下 300 ml〜500mlまで濃縮し、 等量の酢酸ェチルで 2度抽出した。 酢酸ェチル層を減圧 下濃縮して芳香族ジオール含有粗抽出物を得た。 この粗抽出物をシリカゲル [0. 2 5 nm Si l ica Gel 60, (Merck) ]を用いた薄層クロマトグラフィー(TLC)にかけ、 変換産物の確認を行った後、 シリカゲルカラム [20 X 250 ram, Si l ica Ge l 60 ( Merck) ]を用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーに供して純品を得た。  An equal amount of methanol was added to 700 ml to 1400 ml of a mixed culture of Escherichia coli (PBS2072B) and the substrate whose conversion to aromatic diol was confirmed in Example 4, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. This was centrifuged at 7,000 rpm for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was recovered. The supernatant was concentrated under reduced pressure to 300 ml to 500 ml and extracted twice with an equal volume of ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain an aromatic diol-containing crude extract. The crude extract was subjected to thin-layer chromatography (TLC) using silica gel [0.25 nm Silica Gel 60, (Merck)] to confirm the conversion product, and then a silica gel column [20 X 250 ram , Silica Gel 60 (Merck)] to give a pure product.
なお、 各基質における TLCの展開溶媒は以下の通りである。  The developing solvents for TLC for each substrate are as follows.
フラボン, CH2Cl2— MeOH (20 : 1); フラバノン, CH2Cl2—MeOH (20 : 1) ; 6 -ヒドロキ シフラボン, CH2C12— MeOH (20 : 1); 6 -ヒドロキシフラバノン, CH2CI2— MeOH (15 Flavone, CH 2 Cl 2 - MeOH ( 20: 1); flavanone, CH 2 Cl 2 -MeOH (20 : 1); 6 - hydroxy Shifurabon, CH 2 C1 2 - MeOH ( 20: 1); 6 - hydroxy flavanones, CH 2 CI 2 — MeOH (15
: 1); 7 -ヒドロキシイソフラボン, CH2C12— EtOAc (10 : 1); 2-フエニルピリジン: 1); 7 - hydroxy isoflavone, CH 2 C1 2 - EtOAc ( 10: 1); 2- phenylpropyl pyridine
, へキサン— EtOAc (10 : 1); 2-フエニルインドール, へキサン一 EtOAc (3 : 1); 2Hexane-EtOAc (10: 1); 2-phenylindole, hexane-EtOAc (3: 1); 2
-フエニルベンゾキサゾール, へキサン— EtOAc (8 : 1); 2-フエ二ルペンゾチァゾ ール, へキサン一 EtOAc (30:1); 2 -フエ二ルキノリン, へキサン一 EtOAc (10:1) ; 4-フエエルモルホリン, CH2Cl2_MeOH (30:1); 卜べンジルイミダゾ一ル, CH2C l2-MeOH (10:1); 2-ベンジルピリジン, へキサン— EtOAc (10:1); 卜べンジル ピぺリ ドン, へキサン— EtOAc (1:1); trans-カルコン, へキサン -EtOAc (4:1);-Phenylbenzoxazole, hexane—EtOAc (8: 1); 2-phenylpentazothiazo 2-hexylquinoline, 2-hexylquinoline, hexane-EtOAc (10: 1); 4-phenylmorpholine, CH 2 Cl 2 _MeOH (30: 1); , CH 2 Cl 2 -MeOH (10: 1); 2-benzylpyridine, hexane-EtOAc (10: 1); benzylbenzene, hexane-EtOAc (1: 1); trans- Chalcone, hexane-EtOAc (4: 1);
3 -フエニル -卜インダノン, へキサン一EtOAc (2:1); V -ヒドロキシ -2-フエ二 ルベンゾキサゾール, へキサン— EtOAc (4:1) ; B0C -ァニリン, へキサン— EtOAc3-Phenyl-triindanone, hexane-EtOAc (2: 1); V-hydroxy-2-phenylbenzoxazole, hexane-EtOAc (4: 1); B0C-aniline, hexane-EtOAc
(5:1); B0C-ベンジルァミン, CH2C12— MeOH (10:1); B0C-卜フエニルェチルァ ミン, CH2C12 - EtOAc (3:1)、 ケィヒ酸メチルエステル, CH2Cl2:Me0H (40:1) 。 また、 各基質におけるカラムクロマトダラフィフィ一の展開溶媒は以下の通り である。 (5: 1); B0C- Benjiruamin, CH 2 C1 2 - MeOH ( 10: 1); B0C- Bok Fueniruechirua Min, CH 2 C1 2 - EtOAc ( 3: 1), Keihi acid methyl ester, CH 2 Cl 2: Me0H (40: 1). The developing solvents for column chromatography in each substrate are as follows.
フラボン, CH2Cl2-Me0H (20:1); フラバノン, CH2Cl2-MeOIi (20:1); 6 -ヒドロ キシフラボン, CH2Cl2-Me0H (20:1); 6-ヒドロキシフラバノン, CH2Cl2-MeOH ( 15:1); 7 -ヒドロキシィソフラボン, CH2Cl2-EtOAc (10: 1); 2-フエニルピリジ ン, へキサン一 EtOAc (10:1); 2-フエ二ルインドール, へキサン— EtOAc (3:1);Flavonone, CH 2 Cl 2 -Me0H (20: 1); Flavanone, CH 2 Cl 2 -MeOIi (20: 1); 6-hydroxyflavone, CH 2 Cl 2 -Me0H (20: 1); 6-hydroxyflavanone, CH 2 Cl 2 -MeOH (15: 1); 7 - hydroxy I Seo flavones, CH 2 Cl 2-EtOAc (10: 1); 2 Fuenirupiriji down, hexane one EtOAc to (10: 1); 2- phenylene Ruindole, hexane-EtOAc (3: 1);
2 -フエニルべンゾキサゾ一ル, へキサン— EtOAc (8:1); 2 -フエニルベンゾチア ゾール, へキサン— EtOAc (20:1); 2-フエ二ルキノリン, へキサン— EtOAc (10: 1); 4 -フエニルモルホリン, CH2Cl2-Me0H (30: 1); 1-ベンジルイミダゾ一ル, C ¾Cl2-MeOH (10:1); 2 -べンジルピリジン, へキサン一EtOAc (10:1); 1_ベンジ ルピペリ ドン, へキサン一 EtOAc (1:1); trans-カルコン, へキサン- EtOAc (30: 1)→(4:1) (stepwise); 3-フエニル _1 -インダノン, へキサン一 EtOAc (2:1); 2 , -ヒドロキシ -2-フエニルベンゾキサゾール, へキサン— EtOAc (4:1) ; B0C -ァ 二リン, へキサン一 EtOAc (4:1); B0C_ベンジルァミン, CH2Cl2-Me0H (20:1); B0C-卜フエニルェチルァミン, CH2Cl2〜CH2Cl2/EtOAc (5:1) (stepwise) 、 ケィ ヒ酸メチルエステル, CH2Cl2:MeOH (40:1) 。 2-phenylbenzoxazole, hexane-EtOAc (8: 1); 2-phenylbenzothiazole, hexane-EtOAc (20: 1); 2-phenylquinoline, hexane-EtOAc (10: 1) 4-phenylmorpholine, CH 2 Cl 2 -Me0H (30: 1); 1-benzylimidazole, C ゾ Cl 2 -MeOH (10: 1); 2-benzylpyridine, hexane-EtOAc (10: 1); 1-benzylpiperidone, hexane-EtOAc (1: 1); trans-chalcone, hexane-EtOAc (30: 1) → (4: 1) (stepwise); 3-phenyl_1-indanone, to 2,1-Hydroxy-2-phenylbenzoxazole, hexane-EtOAc (4: 1); B0C-aline, hexane-EtOAc (4: 1); B0C_ Benzolamine, CH 2 Cl 2 -Me0H (20: 1); B0C-trifluoroethylamine, CH 2 Cl 2 to CH 2 Cl 2 / EtOAc (5: 1) (stepwise), methyl carboxylate, CH 2 Cl 2: MeOH (40 : 1).
変換産物の同定を以下に記述していく。 ただし、 ァニリン、 ベンジルァミン、 1 -フエニルェチルァミンの B0C保護物の変換産物の同定は実施例 8で、 ケィヒ酸 メチルエステル体の変換産物の同定は実施例 9で記述する。  The identity of the conversion product is described below. However, the identification of the conversion product of the B0C protected product of aniline, benzylamine and 1-phenylethylamine is described in Example 8, and the identification of the conversion product of the methyl ester of keichic acid is described in Example 9.
[実施例 5— 1] フラボンの変換産物の同定  [Example 5-1] Identification of flavone conversion products
実施例 5にしたがって大腸菌 (PBS2072B) によりフラボン (ilavone) の変換 実験を行って得られた粗抽出物 (176 mg) を TLCに供したところ、 Ri値 0. 2の産物 が 1つのみ生成していることが判明した。 本産物をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィ —により精製し、 化合物 1 (30 mg) の純品を得た。 化合物 1は以前に報告された M Sと NMRのスペクトルデータとの比較 (特開 2003-269) により、 2- (2, 3-ジヒドロ キシフエニル)クロメン- 4-オン (2- (2, 3-d ihydroxyphenyl) c romen-4-one)であ ると同定した。 Conversion of flavone (ilavone) by E. coli (PBS2072B) according to Example 5 The crude extract (176 mg) obtained by the experiment was subjected to TLC, and it was found that only one product having a Ri value of 0.2 was produced. This product was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain a pure compound 1 (30 mg). Compound 1 was found to be 2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) chromen-4-one (2- (2,3-d) by comparing MS and NMR spectral data previously reported (JP-A-2003-269). ihydroxyphenyl) chromen-4-one).
Figure imgf000041_0001
化合物 1の 2- (2, 3 -ジヒドロキシフエニル)クロメン- 4-オンは、 改変芳香環ジォ キシゲナーゼ bphAl (2072)遗伝子のみを有するプラスミド pKF2072を含む大腸菌で も例外的に生成することが分かっている (特開 2003-269) 。 この理由としては、 大腸菌内に内在的な芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラーゼが存在していたため と思われる。 しかしながら、 この場合、 他の生成産物として 2- (3-ヒドロキシフ ェニル)クロメン- 4-オン [2 - (3-hydroxyplienyl) chromen-4-one] を含んでおり、 ジオール体の収率が悪くなり、 また精製が煩雑になる。 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ +デサチユラーゼ反応によりジオール体である 2- (2, 3-ジヒドロキシフエニル)ク 口メン- 4-オンが効率的に製造できるという報告はこれが最初である。 従って、 本発明による方法は化合物 1の製造方法としても有効である。
Figure imgf000041_0001
The 2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) chromen-4-one of compound 1 is exceptionally produced even in E. coli containing plasmid pKF2072, which has only the modified aromatic dioxygenase bphAl (2072) gene. Is known (JP-A-2003-269). This is probably because Escherichia coli contained endogenous aromatic dihydrodiol desaturase. However, in this case, 2- (3-hydroxyphenyl) chromen-4-one [2- (3-hydroxyplienyl) chromen-4-one] is contained as another product, and the yield of the diol form is poor. And the purification becomes complicated. This is the first report that a 2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) clomen-4-one, which is a diol, can be produced efficiently by an aromatic dioxygenase + desaturylase reaction. Therefore, the method according to the present invention is also effective as a method for producing compound 1.
[実施例 5 — 2 ] フラバノンの変換産物の同定  [Example 5-2] Identification of conversion products of flavanone
実施例 5にしたがつて大腸菌 (pBS2072B) によりフラバノン ( f l avanone) の 変換実験を行って得られた粗抽出物 (225 mg) を TLCに供したところ、 Ri値 0. 3の 産物が 1つのみ生成していることが判明した。 本産物をシリカゲルクロマトダラ フィ一により精製し、 化合物 2 (68 mg) の純品を得た。 化合物 2は以前に報告さ れた MSと N匿のスペクトルデータとの比較 (特開 2003-269) により、 2- (2, 3-ジヒ ドロキシフエニル)クロマン- 4-オン(2- (2, 3-d ihydroxyphenyl) chroman-4-one)で あると同定した When a crude extract (225 mg) obtained by performing a flavanone conversion experiment with E. coli (pBS2072B) according to Example 5 was subjected to TLC, one product having a Ri value of 0.3 was obtained. It turned out that only generated. This product was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain a pure compound 2 (68 mg). Compound 2 was found to be 2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) chroman-4-one (2- (2,3) by comparing previously reported MS data with N-secret spectrum data (JP-A-2003-269). -d ihydroxyphenyl) chroman-4-one) Identified
Figure imgf000042_0001
化合物 2の 2- (2, 3-ジヒドロキシフエニル)クロマン- 4-オンは、 改変芳香環ジォ キシゲナーゼ bphAl (2072)遺伝子のみを有するプラスミド PKF2072を含む大腸菌で も例外的に生成することが分かっている (特開 2003-269) 。 その理由としては、 大腸菌内に内在的な芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチュラーゼが存在していたため と思われる。 しかしながら、 この場合、 他の生成産物として 2- (3-ヒドロキシフ ェニル)クロマン- 4—オン [2- (3-hydroxypheny l) chroman-4-one] 及び 2- (2-ヒド ロキシフエニル)クロマン- 4-オン [2- (2- ydroxyphenyl) chroman-4-one] が同時 に生成し、 目的とするジオール体の収率が悪くなり、 また精製が煩雑になる。 芳 香環ジォキシゲナ一ゼ +デサチユラーゼ反応によりジオール体の 2- (2, 3-ジヒド ロキシフエニル)クロマン- 4-オン [2- (2, 3-d ihydroxyphenyl) c roman-4-one] が 効率的に製造できるという報告はこれが最初である。 従って、 本発明による方法 は化合物 2の製造方法としても有効である。
Figure imgf000042_0001
It has been found that 2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) chroman-4-one of compound 2 is exceptionally produced even in Escherichia coli containing plasmid PKF2072, which has only the modified aromatic dioxygenase bphAl (2072) gene. (JP-A-2003-269). This is probably because Escherichia coli contained endogenous aromatic dihydrodiol desaturase. However, in this case, 2- (3-hydroxyphenyl) chroman-4-one [2- (3-hydroxyphenyl) chroman-4-one] and 2- (2-hydroxyphenyl) chroman- The 4-one [2- (2-ydroxyphenyl) chroman-4-one] is produced at the same time, resulting in a poor yield of the desired diol and a complicated purification. Efficient conversion of 2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) chroman-4-one [2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) c roman-4-one] to the diol form by the reaction of aroma ring dioxygenase + desaturylase This is the first report that it can be manufactured. Therefore, the method according to the present invention is also effective as a method for producing compound 2.
[実施例 5— 3 ] 6-ヒドロキシフラボンの変換産物の同定  [Example 5-3] Identification of conversion product of 6-hydroxyflavone
実施例 5にしたがって大腸菌 (pBS2072B) により 6 -ヒドロキシフラボン (6 - h ydroxyf l avone) の変換実験を行って得られた粗抽出物 (3 10 nig) を TLCに供した ところ、 Rf値 0. 3の産物が 1つのみ生成していることが判明した。 本産物をシリ 力ゲルクロマトグラフィーにより精製し、 化合物 3 (31. 5 mg) の純品を得た。 化 合物 3の分子式は、 HR- EIMS [実測値 270. 0522 , 計算値 270. 0528]より C15H1()05 と決定された。 化合物 3の丽 QC及び DQF COSYスペクトル分析により、 化合物 3は 6 -ヒドロキシフラボンの Γ 及び 2 ' 位に 2つのフエノール性水酸基が導入された 物質であると決定された。 これは HMBCスペクトルにおいて、 H- 4 ' ( <5 7. 30) , か ら C-2 ( δ 160. 9) , C-2 ' ( 5 145. 5)へ、 H-5 ' ( <5 6. 78)から C-1 ' ( 6 146. 0), C -3 ' ( δ 118. 4)へ観測された遠隔スピン結合によっても確認された。 以上の結果 より、 化合物 3は 2- (2, 3 -ジヒドロキシフエ二ル)- 6-ヒドロキシクロメン- 4-オン [2- (2, 3-dihydroxyphenyl) -6-hydroxyc romen-4-one] と同定した。 A crude extract (3 10 nig) obtained by performing a conversion experiment of 6-hydroxyflavone (6-hydroxyflavon) with Escherichia coli (pBS2072B) according to Example 5 was subjected to TLC. It turned out that only one product of 3 was produced. This product was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain a pure compound 3 (31.5 mg). Molecular formula of reduction compound 3, HR- EIMS [Found 270.0522, calcd 270.0528] than C 15 H 1 () 0 5 to have been determined. Compound 3 was determined to be a substance in which two phenolic hydroxyl groups were introduced at the Γ and 2 ′ positions of 6-hydroxyflavone by 丽 QC and DQF COSY spectral analysis of compound 3. This is because in the HMBC spectrum, H-4 '(<5 7.30), from C-2 (δ 160.9), C-2' (5 145.5), H-5 '(<5 6 78) to C-1 '(6146.0), C It was also confirmed by the remote spin coupling observed to -3 '(δ 118. 4). From the above results, compound 3 is 2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -6-hydroxychromen-4-one [2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -6-hydroxychromen-4-one] Identified.
Figure imgf000043_0001
Figure imgf000043_0001
(図中の数字は、 ΐ丽 R 及び13 C Ν皿のスぺクトルデータにおけるポジションの 数字と対応している。 以後、 同様) (The numbers in the figure correspond to the position numbers in the spectrum data of the ΐ 丽 R and 13C plates. The same applies hereinafter)
化合物 3の 2 - (2, 3 -ジヒドロキシフエ二ル)- 6-ヒドロキシクロメン- 4-オン [2- ( 2, 3-d ihydroxyphenyl) -6-hydroxychromen-4-one] は C A Sに構造登録のある既 知物質である。 しかしながら、 化合物 3を芳香環ジォキシゲナ一ゼ +デサチユラ ーゼ反応により製造できるという報告はこれが最初である。 従って、 化合物 3の 製造方法として本発明による方法は有効である。  2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -6-hydroxychromen-4-one [2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -6-hydroxychromen-4-one] of compound 3 has a structure registered with CAS. It is a known substance. However, this is the first report that compound 3 can be produced by an aromatic dioxygenase + desaturase reaction. Therefore, the method according to the present invention is effective as a method for producing compound 3.
(表 1 )  (table 1 )
2- (2, 3 -ジヒドロキシフエ二ル)- 6-ヒドロキシクロメン -4-オン (化合物 3)の 400 M 400 M of 2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -6-hydroxychromen-4-one (compound 3)
Ηζ Ή醒、 及び 100 MHz 13C 匪 Rスぺクトルデータ (雇 SO- d6中)。 Ηζ Ή s Awakening, and 100 MHz 13 C negation R scan Bae Kutorudeta (employment SO- d of 6).
Figure imgf000043_0002
[実施例 5— 4] 6-ヒドロキシフラバノンの変換産物の同定
Figure imgf000043_0002
[Example 5-4] Identification of conversion product of 6-hydroxyflavanone
実施例 5にしたがって大腸菌 (PBS2072B) により 6 -ヒドロキシフラバノン (6 -hydroxyilavanone) の変換実験を行って得られた粗抽出物 (129 mg) を TLCに供 したところ、 Rf値 0.2の産物が 1つのみ生成していることが判明した。 本産物を シリカゲルクロマトグラフィーにより精製し、 化合物 4 (64.2 rag) の純品を得た 。 化合物 4の分子式は、 HR - EIMS [実測値 272.06838 , 計算値 272.06846]より 5H1205と決定された。 化合物 4の丽 QC及び DQF COSYスペクトル分析により、 化合 物 4は 6 -ヒドロキシフラバノンの Γ 、 V 位に 2つのフエノール性水酸基が導入 された物質であると決定された。 これは HMBCスペクトルにおいて、 H - 4' (56.91 )から C - 2 (d 74.4) , C一 2' (S 142.4)へ、 H-5' ( <56.68)から C— Γ (<5 145.2), C - 3' (δ 126.1)へ観測された遠隔スピン結合によっても確認された。 以上の結果 より、 化合物 4は 2- (2, 3-ジヒドロキシフエ二ル)- 6 -ヒドロキシクロマン- 4-オンWhen a crude extract (129 mg) obtained by performing a conversion experiment of 6-hydroxyflavanone (6-hydroxyilavanone) with E. coli (PBS2072B) according to Example 5 was subjected to TLC, one product having an Rf value of 0.2 was obtained. It turned out that only generated. This product was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain a pure compound 4 (64.2 rag). Molecular formula of compound 4, HR - EIMS [Found 272.06838, calcd 272.06846] was determined to from 5 H 12 0 5. Compound 4 was determined to be a substance in which two phenolic hydroxyl groups were introduced at the 、 and V positions of 6-hydroxyflavanone by 丽 QC and DQF COSY spectral analysis of compound 4. This is because in the HMBC spectrum, H-4 '(56.91) to C-2 (d 74.4), C-2' (S 142.4), H-5 '(<56.68) to C- It was also confirmed by the remote spin coupling observed to C-3 '(δ 126.1). From the above results, compound 4 is 2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -6-hydroxychroman-4-one
[2- (2, 3-dihydroxyphenyl) -6- ydroxychroman-4-one] と同定した。 これは新規 の化合物であった。 [2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -6-ydroxychroman-4-one] was identified. This was a new compound.
Figure imgf000044_0001
その NMRのデータを下表に示す。
Figure imgf000044_0001
The NMR data is shown in the table below.
(表 2)  (Table 2)
2- (2, 3 -ジヒドロキシフエニル) -6 -ヒドロキシクロマン- 4-オン (化合物 4)の 400 M Ηζ Ή賺、 及び 100 MHz 13C NMRスぺクトルデータ (應 SO- d6中)。 2- (2, 3 - dihydroxy phenylalanine) -6 - hydroxy chromans - 4-one 400 M Ηζ Ή賺, and 100 MHz 13 (in Keio SO- d 6) C NMR scan Bae Kutorudeta (Compound 4).
Position I δΗ | δ c 2 5. 65 (dd 2. 4, 13. 4) 74. 4 Position I δ Η | δ c 2 5.65 (dd 2.4, 13.4) 74.4
3 2. 68 (dd 2. 4, 16. 4) 42. 7  3 2.68 (dd 2. 4, 16. 4) 42. 7
3. 06  3. 06
4 192. 3  4 192.3
4a 120. 7  4a 120. 7
5 7. 10 (d 3. 2) 110. 0  5 7.10 (d 3.2) 110.0
6 151. 5  6 151. 5
7 7. 02 (dd 3. 2, 8. 8) 124. 5  7 7.02 (dd 3. 2, 8. 8) 124.5
8 6. 92 (d 8. 8) 115. 0  8 6.92 (d 8.8) 115.0
8a 154. 9  8a 154.9
Γ 145. 2  Γ 145.2
V 142. 4  V 142. 4
y 126. 1  y 126. 1
4, 6. 91 (d 7. 3) 117. 0  4, 6.91 (d7.3) 117.0
5 ' 6. 68 (dd 7. 3, 7. 3) 119. 0  5 '6.68 (dd 7.3, 7.3) 119.0
6, 6. 77 (d 7. 3) 115. 0  6, 6.77 (d 7.3) 115.0
[実施例 5— 5 ] 7-ヒドロキシイソフラボンの変換産物の同定 [Example 5-5] Identification of conversion product of 7-hydroxyisoflavone
実施例 5にしたがって大腸菌 (pKF2072) により 7 -ヒドロキシイソフラボン ( 7- ydroxyi sof l avone) の変換実験を行つて得られた粗抽出物 ( 174 mg) を TLCに 供したところ、 Ri値 0. 15の産物が 1つのみ生成していることが判明した。 本産物 をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィーにより精製し、 化合物 5 (56. 4 mg) の純品を得 た。 化合物 5の分子式は、 HR-EIMS [実測値 270. 0522, 計算値 270. 0528]より C15 H1005と決定された。 化合物 5の HMQC及び DQF COSYスぺクトル分析により、 化合物 5は 7- hy d r oxy i s 0 f 1 a V on eの Γ 、 V 位に 2つのフエノール性水酸基が導入され た物質であることが決定された。 これは HMBCスペクトルにおいて、 H-6 ' ( δ 6. 7 9)から C— 2, ( δ 143. 8), C-Γ ( δ 145. 6)へ、 Η - 5, ( δ 6. 66)から C - 1 ' , C - 3, ( δ 120. 1)へ遠隔スピン結合が観測されることからも確認された。 以上の結果よ り、 化合物 5は 3- (2, 3-ジヒドロキシフエ二ル)- 7-ヒドロキシクロメン- 4 -オン [3 - (2, 3-d i ydroxyphenyl) -7-hydroxychromen-4-one] と同定した。 これは新規の 化合物であった。
Figure imgf000046_0001
A crude extract (174 mg) obtained by performing a conversion experiment of 7-hydroxyisoflavone (7-hydroxyl soflavone) with Escherichia coli (pKF2072) according to Example 5 was subjected to TLC, and a Ri value of 0.15 was obtained. It turned out that only one product was produced. This product was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain a pure compound 5 (56.4 mg). Molecular formula of compound 5, HR-EIMS [Found 270.0522, calcd 270.0528] was determined from the C 15 H 10 0 5. HMQC and DQF COSY spectrum analysis of compound 5 determined that compound 5 was a substance in which two phenolic hydroxyl groups were introduced at the Γ and V positions of 7-hydroxyloxy is 0 f1 a Vone. Was done. This means that in the HMBC spectrum, from H-6 '(δ6.79) to C-2, (δ143.8), C-Γ (δ145.6), Η-5, (δ6.66) Distant spin coupling to C-1 ', C-3 and (δ 120. 1). Based on the above results, compound 5 was 3- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -7-hydroxychromen-4-one [3- (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) -7-hydroxychromen-4-one] Was identified. This was a new compound.
Figure imgf000046_0001
5 その NMRのデータを下表に示す。  5 The NMR data is shown in the table below.
(表 3 )  (Table 3)
3- (2, 3_ジヒドロキシフエ二ル)- 7-ヒドロキシクロメン -4-オン (化合物 5)の 400 M Hz ]H證、 及び 100 MHz 13C NMRスぺクトルデータ (丽 SO- dfi中)。 3- (2, 3_ dihydroxy Hue sulfonyl) - 7-hydroxy-chromen-4-one (Compound 5) 400 M Hz of] H testimony, and 100 MHz 13 C NMR scan Bae Kutorudeta (丽SO- d fi in ).
Figure imgf000046_0002
Figure imgf000046_0002
[実施例 5— 6 ] 2 -フエニルピリジンの変換産物の同定 [Example 5-6] Identification of conversion product of 2-phenylpyridine
実施例 5にしたがつて大腸菌 (PBS2072B) により 2 -フエニルピリジン (2-plie nylpyridine) の変換実験を行って得られた粗抽出物 ( 130 mg) を TLCに供したと ころ、 Rf値 0. 2の産物が生成していることが判明した。 本産物をシリカゲルク口 マトグラフィ一により精製し、 化合物 6 (26. 0 mg) の純品を得た。 化合物 6の分 子式は、 HR-EIMS [実測値 187. 0614, 計算値 187. 0633]より C„H9N02 決定され た。 化合物 6の HMQC及び DQF COSYスペクトル分析により、 化合物 6は 2 -フエニル ピリジンの Γ 、 V 位に 2つのフエノール性水酸基が導入された物質であること が決定された。 これは丽 BCスペクトルにおいて、 H- 4' (<5 7.27)から C- 2 (δ 15 7.6), C- 2, (δ 147.4)へ、 Η- 5, ( <5 6.75)から C一 Γ (δ 146.0) , C - 3, (6 118. 1)へ観測された遠隔スピン結合によっても確認された。 以上の結果より、 化合物 6は 3- (2-ピリジル)ベンゼン- 1, 2 -ジオール [3-(2-pyridyl)benzene-l, 2-diol] と同定した。 これは新規の化合物であった。 A crude extract (130 mg) obtained by performing a conversion experiment of 2-phenylpyridine on Escherichia coli (PBS2072B) according to Example 5 was subjected to TLC. It turned out that the product of 2 was formed. This product was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain a pure compound 6 (26.0 mg). Min Koshiki of compound 6, HR-EIMS [Found 187.0614, calcd 187.0633] by more C "H 9 N0 2 was determined. HMQC of compounds 6 and DQF COZY spectrum analysis, compound 6 2 -Phenylpyridine is a substance with two phenolic hydroxyl groups introduced at the に and V positions Was decided. This means that in the 丽 BC spectrum, H-4 ′ (<5 7.27) to C-2 (δ 157.6), C-2, (δ 147.4) and Η-5, (<5 6.75) to C-1 Γ ( δ 146.0), C-3, (6 118. 1). From the above results, Compound 6 was identified as 3- (2-pyridyl) benzene-1,2-diol [3- (2-pyridyl) benzene-l, 2-diol]. This was a new compound.
Figure imgf000047_0001
Figure imgf000047_0001
6 その NMRのデ一夕を下表に示す。  6 The following table shows the NMR data.
(表 4)  (Table 4)
3 -(2-ピリジル)ベンゼン- 1, 2-ジオール(化合物 6)の 400 MHz Ή麗 R、 及び 100 M 400 MHz pure R and 100 M of 3- (2-pyridyl) benzene-1,2-diol (compound 6)
Hz 13C 丽 Rスぺクトルデータ (CDCL中)。 Hz 13 C 丽 R spectrum data (in CDCL).
Figure imgf000047_0002
Figure imgf000047_0002
[実施例 5— 7] 2-フエニルインドールの変換産物の同定 [Example 5-7] Identification of conversion product of 2-phenylindole
実施例 5にしたがって大腸菌 (PBS2072B) により 2 -フエニルインドール (2 - p henyl indole) の変換実験を行って得られた粗抽出物 (191 mg) を TLCに供したと ころ、 Rf値 0.2及び Ri値 0.3の産物が生成していることが判明した。 両産物をシリ 力ゲルクロマトグラフィーにより精製し、 化合物 7' (6.8 mg) 及び化合物 7 (9. 0 mg)の純品を得た。 A crude extract (191 mg) obtained by performing a conversion experiment of 2-phenylindole with Escherichia coli (PBS2072B) in accordance with Example 5 was subjected to TLC. It was found that a product with an Ri value of 0.3 was formed. Both products were purified by silica gel chromatography, and compound 7 '(6.8 mg) and compound 7 (9. (0 mg).
化合物 7' は以前に報告された MSと NMRのスペクトルデータとの比較 [Ozaki, Y utaka; Okamura, Kyouko; Hosoya, Ayako; Kim, sang-Won. A new approach to 5-hydroxyindoles from 1, 4-cyclohexadione. Chemistry Letters (1997) , (7), 679-680]により、 2-フエニルインドール- 5 -オール (2- phenyl indo卜 5 - ol)であ ると同定した。  Compound 7 'was compared with previously reported MS and NMR spectral data [Ozaki, Yutaka; Okamura, Kyouko; Hosoya, Ayako; Kim, sang-Won. A new approach to 5-hydroxyindoles from 1, 4- Cyclohexadione. Chemistry Letters (1997), (7), 679-680] identified it as 2-phenylindole-5-ol.
化合物 7の分子式は、 HR- EIMS [実測値 225.0786, 計算値 225.0790]より (;14 ^02と決定された。 化合物 7の HMQC及び DQF C0SYスペクトル分析により、 化合物 7は 2-フエ二ルインドールの 1' 、 V 位に 2つのフエノール性水酸基が導入さ れた物質であると決定された。 これは HMBCスペクトルにおいて、 H - 4, (δ 7.25) , から C - 2(δ 134.9), C-2' (δ 141.0)へ、 Η - 5, (δ 6.80)から C-1' (δ 143.4 ), C-3' (δ 119.1)へ観測された遠隔スピン結合によっても確認された。 以上の 結果より、 化合物 7は 3 -ィンドール - 2 -ィルベンゼン- 1, 2-ジオール (3-indol-2- ylbenzene-1, 2-diol)と同定した。 Molecular formula of Compound 7, HR- EIMS [Found 225.0786, calcd 225.0790] from (;. By 14 ^ 0 2 and was determined HMQC and DQF C0SY spectral analysis of compound 7, compound 7 is 2-phenylene Le indole It was determined that the substance had two phenolic hydroxyl groups introduced at the 1 'and V positions of H. The HMBC spectrum showed that H-4, (δ 7.25), C-2 (δ 134.9), C -2 '(δ 141.0) and 遠隔 -5, (δ 6.80) to C-1' (δ 143.4) and C-3 '(δ 119.1). From the results, Compound 7 was identified as 3-indole-2-ylbenzene-1,2-diol.
Figure imgf000048_0001
化合物 7 (3-ィンドール- 2-ィルベンゼン- 1, 2 -ジオール)は C ASに構造登録の ある既知物質である。 しかしながら、 化合物 7を芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ +デサ チユラ一ゼ反応により製造できるという報告はこれが最初である。 従って、 化合 物 7の製造方法として本発明による方法は有効である。 化合物 7の NMRデータを 以下に記す。
Figure imgf000048_0001
Compound 7 (3-indole-2-ylbenzene-1,2-diol) is a known substance whose structure is registered in CAS. However, this is the first report that compound 7 can be produced by an aromatic dioxygenase + desaturase reaction. Therefore, the method according to the present invention is effective as a method for producing compound 7. The NMR data of compound 7 are shown below.
(表 5)  (Table 5)
3 -ィンドール- 2-ィルベンゼン- 1, 2-ジオール(化合物 7)の 400 MHz Ή證、 及び 400 MHz certificate of 3-indole-2-ylbenzene-1,2-diol (compound 7), and
100 MHz 13C NMRスぺクトルデータ (CDC13中)。 100 MHz 13 C NMR scan Bae Kutorudeta (CDC1 3).
Figure imgf000049_0001
Figure imgf000049_0001
[実施例 5— 8 ] 2 -フエ二ルペンゾキサゾールの変換産物の同定 [Example 5-8] Identification of conversion product of 2-phenylpenzoxazole
実施例 5にしたがって大腸菌 (pBS2072B) により 2-フエニルベンゾォキサゾー ル (2-p enylbenzoxazo l e) の変換実験を行って得られた粗抽出物 ( 155 mg) を T LCに供したところ、 Rf値 0. 3の産物が生成していることが判明した。 本産物をシ リカゲルクロマトグラフィーにより精製し、 化合物 8 (76. 8 mg) の純品を得た。 化合物 8は以前に報告された MSと N皿のスペクトルデ一夕との比較 [Or l ando, Cha rles M. , Jr.; Wi rth, J G.; Heath, D. R. Methyl ryl ether c l eavage in b enzazol e syntheses in polyphosphoric ac id. J. Org. Cheni. (1970) , 35 (9), 3147-3149]により、 3_ベンゾキサゾール -2-ィルベンゼン- 1, 2-ジオール(3- benzo xazol-2-ylbenzene-l, 2-d iol)であると同定した。  A crude extract (155 mg) obtained by performing a conversion experiment of 2-phenylbenzoxazole with E. coli (pBS2072B) according to Example 5 was subjected to TLC. It was found that a product having an Rf value of 0.3 was produced. The product was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain a pure compound 8 (76.8 mg). Compound 8 was compared with previously reported spectral data of MS and N dishes [Orl ando, Charles M., Jr .; Wirth, JG .; Heath, DR Methyl ryl ether cl eavage in b According to enzazol e syntheses in polyphosphoric acid. J. Org. Cheni. (1970), 35 (9), 3147-3149], 3_benzoxazole-2-ylbenzene-1,2-diol (3-benzoxazol- 2-ylbenzene-l, 2-d iol).
Figure imgf000049_0002
化合物 8 (3 -べンゾキサゾ一ル- 2-ィルベンゼン- 1, 2 -ジオール)は新規化合物で はないが、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ +デサチユラーゼ反応により製造できるとい う報告はこれが最初である。 従って、 化合物 8の製造方法として本発明による方 法は有効である。
Figure imgf000049_0002
Although compound 8 (3-benzoxazol-2-ylbenzene-1,2-diol) is not a novel compound, it is the first report that it can be produced by an aromatic dioxygenase + desaturylase reaction. Therefore, the method according to the present invention is The law is valid.
[実施例 5— 9] 2-フエ二ルペンゾチアゾールの変換産物の同定  [Example 5-9] Identification of conversion product of 2-phenylbenzothiazole
実施例 5にしたがって大腸菌 (PBS2072B) により 2-フエ二ルペンゾチアゾール According to Example 5, Escherichia coli (PBS2072B) was used to prepare 2-phenylbenzothiazole.
(2-phenylbezothiazole) の変換実験を行って得られた粗抽出物 (165 mg) を TL Cに供したところ、 Rf値 0.2の産物が生成していることが判明した。 本産物をシリ 力ゲルクロマトグラフィーにより精製し、 化合物 9 (73.5 mg) の純品を得た。 化合物 9は以前に報告された MSと NMRのスペクトルデータとの比較 [Anthony, K evin; Brown, Robert G.; Hepworth, John D.; Hodgson, Kevin .; May Bernad ette; West, Michael A. Sol id-state fluorescent hotophysics of some 2-su bstituted benzothiazoles. J. Chem. So Perkin Trans. 2 (1984) , (12) , 21 11-2117]により、 3-ベンゾチアゾール -2-ィルベンゼン- 1, 2 -ジオール (3-benzoth iazol-2-ylbenzene-l, 2-diol)であると同定した。 . When a crude extract (165 mg) obtained by performing a conversion experiment of (2-phenylbezothiazole) was subjected to TLC, it was found that a product having an Rf value of 0.2 was formed. The product was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain a pure compound 9 (73.5 mg). Compound 9 was compared to previously reported MS and NMR spectral data [Anthony, Kevin; Brown, Robert G .; Hepworth, John D .; Hodgson, Kevin .; May Bernadette; West, Michael A. Sol According to id-state fluorescent hotophysics of some 2-substituted benzothiazoles. J. Chem. So Perkin Trans. 2 (1984), (12), 21 11-2117], 3-benzothiazole-2-ylbenzene-1, 2- It was identified as diol (3-benzoth iazol-2-ylbenzene-l, 2-diol). .
Figure imgf000050_0001
Figure imgf000050_0001
化合物 9 (3-ベンゾチアゾール -2-ィルベンゼン- 1, 2-ジオール)は新規化合物で はないが、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ +デサチュラーゼ反応により製造できるとい う報告はこれが最初である。 従って、 化合物 9の製造方法として本発明による方 法は有効である。 Although compound 9 (3-benzothiazol-2-ylbenzene-1,2-diol) is not a new compound, it is the first report that it can be produced by the aromatic dioxygenase + desaturase reaction. Therefore, the method according to the present invention is effective as a method for producing compound 9.
[実施例 5— 1 0] 2_フエ二ルキノリンの変換産物の同定  [Example 5-1 0] Identification of conversion product of 2_phenylquinoline
実施例 5にしたがって大腸菌 (pBS2072B) により 2-フエ二ルキノリン (2-phen yl uinoline) の変換実験を行って得られた粗抽出物 (210 mg) を TLCに供したと ころ、 Rf値 0.3の産物が生成していることが判明した。 本産物をシリカゲルクロ マトグラフィ一により精製し、 化合物 10 (31.3 mg) の純品を得た。 化合物 10の 分子式は、 HR-EIMS [実測値 237.0780, 計算値 230.0790]より C15HuN02と決定さ れた。 化合物 10の丽 QC及び DQF C0SYスペクトル分析により、 化合物 10は 2-フエ二 ルキノリンの Γ 、 V 位に 2つのフエノール性水酸基が導入された物質であるこ とが決定された。 これは HMBCスペクトルにおいて、 Η - 4' (<5 7.64)から C - 2 (δ 158.2), C— 2, (δ 149.1)へ、 Η_5, (δ 6.78)から C - Γ (δ 146.6), C-3' (<5 11 8.7)へ観測された遠隔スピン結合によっても確認された。 以上の結果より、 化合 物 10は 3- (2-キノリル)ベンゼン - 1, 2-ジオール (3-(2- uinolyl)benzene-l, 2-dio 1)と同定した。 これは新規の化合物であった。 A crude extract (210 mg) obtained by performing a conversion experiment of 2-phenylquinoline (2-phenyl uinoline) with E. coli (pBS2072B) according to Example 5 was subjected to TLC. The product was found to be formed. This product was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain a pure compound 10 (31.3 mg). Molecular formula of Compound 10, HR-EIMS [Found 237.0780, calcd 230.0790] was determined from C 15 and H u N0 2. Compound 10 was found to be 2-phenyl by the QC and DQF C0SY spectral analysis of compound 10. It was determined that the substance had two phenolic hydroxyl groups introduced into the キ and V positions of luquinoline. In the HMBC spectrum, Η-4 '(<5 7.64) to C-2 (δ 158.2), C-2, (δ 149.1), Η_5, (δ 6.78) to C-Γ (δ 146.6), C It was also confirmed by the remote spin coupling observed to -3 '(<5 11 8.7). From the above results, Compound 10 was identified as 3- (2-quinolyl) benzene-1,2-diol (3- (2-uinolyl) benzene-l, 2-dio 1). This was a new compound.
Figure imgf000051_0001
Figure imgf000051_0001
その丽 Rのデータを下表に示す。 The following table shows the R data.
(表 6)  (Table 6)
3 -(2 -キノリル)ベンゼン- 1, 2-ジオール(化合物 10)の 400 MHz 'Η NMR、 及び 100 MHz 13C NMRスぺクトルデータ(丽 SO- d6中)。 3 - (2 - quinolyl) benzene - 1, 2-diol 400 MHz 'Η NMR, and 100 MHz 13 (in丽SO- d 6) C NMR scan Bae Kutorudeta (Compound 10).
Position H 6 c Position H 6 c
2 158.2  2 158.2
3 8.33 (d 8.7) 118.2  3 8.33 (d 8.7) 118.2
4 8.56 (d 8.7) 138.4  4 8.56 (d 8.7) 138.4
4a 126.3  4a 126.3
5 8.04 (d 7.2) 128.0  5 8.04 (d 7.2) 128.0
6 7.64 (dd 7.2, 7.2) 127.0  6 7.64 (dd 7.2, 7.2) 127.0
7 7.84 (dd 7.2, 8.0) 131.0  7 7.84 (dd 7.2, 8.0) 131.0
8 8.03 (d 8.0) 126.8  8 8.03 (d 8.0) 126.8
8a 143.9  8a 143.9
1, 146.6  1, 146.6
V 149.1  V 149.1
V 118.7  V 118.7
4' 7.64 (d 7.9) 117.9  4 '7.64 (d 7.9) 117.9
5, 6.78 (dd 7.9, 7.9) 118.3  5, 6.78 (dd 7.9, 7.9) 118.3
6, 6.91 (d 7.9) 117.5 [実施例 5— 1 1] 卜フエニルモルホリンの変換産物の同定 6, 6.91 (d 7.9) 117.5 [Example 5-1 1] Identification of conversion product of triphenylmorpholine
実施例 5にしたがって大腸菌 (PBS2072B) により 2-フエニルモルホリン (卜 ph enylmorphorine) の変換実験を行って得られた粗抽出物 (86.5 mg) を TLCに供し たところ、 Rf値 0.2の産物が生成していることが判明した。 本産物をシリカゲル クロマトグラフィーにより精製し、 化合物 11 (30.0 mg) の純品を得た。  A crude extract (86.5 mg) obtained by performing a conversion experiment of 2-phenylmorpholine with E. coli (PBS2072B) according to Example 5 was subjected to TLC, and a product having an Rf value of 0.2 was produced. Turned out to be. This product was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain a pure compound 11 (30.0 mg).
化合物 11は以前に報告された MSと匪 Rのスペクトルデータとの比較 [Asler, Ma nf red; Schank, Kurt; Schmidt, Volker. Introduction of oxygen functional groups into the a -posit ion of j6-diketone. 2. Defunctionalization of 2- (acyloxy) -3- (secondaryamino) -2-cyclo exen-l-ones. C em. Ber. (1979) , 112 (6), 2324-2331]により、 3 -モルホリン- 4-ィルベンゼン- 1, 2-ジオール (3-morp olin-4-ylbenzene-l, 2-diol)であると同定した。  Compound 11 was compared with previously reported spectral data of MS and Band R [Asler, Manf red; Schank, Kurt; Schmidt, Volker. Introduction of oxygen functional groups into the a-position of j6-diketone. 2 Defunctionalization of 2- (acyloxy) -3- (secondaryamino) -2-cyclo exen-l-ones. C em. Ber. (1979), 112 (6), 2324-2331]. It was identified as benzene-1,2-diol (3-morpolin-4-ylbenzene-l, 2-diol).
Figure imgf000052_0001
Figure imgf000052_0001
11 化合物 11 (3-モルホリン -4-ィルベンゼン - 1, 2 -ジオール)は新規化合物ではな いが、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ +デサチユラーゼ反応により製造できるという報 告はこれが最初である。 従って、 化合物 11の製造方法としても本発明による方法 は有効である。  11 Compound 11 (3-morpholine-4-ylbenzene-1,2-diol) is not a novel compound, but it is the first to report that it can be produced by an aromatic dioxygenase + desaturylase reaction. Therefore, the method of the present invention is also effective as a method for producing compound 11.
[実施例 5 - 12] 1-ベンジルイミダゾールの変換産物の同定  [Example 5-12] Identification of conversion product of 1-benzylimidazole
実施例 5にしたがって大腸菌 (pBS2072B) により卜べンジルイミダゾール (1- benzyl imidazole) の変換実験を行って得られた粗抽出物 (140 mg) を TLCに供し たところ、 Rf値 0.3の産物が生成していることが判明した。 本産物をシリカゲル クロマトグラフィーにより精製し、 化合物 12 (67.7 mg) の純品を得た。 化合物 1 2の分子式は、 HR-EIMS [実測値 190.07483, 計算値 190.07421]より CIQH1DN202と 決定された。 化合物 12の HMQC及び DQF C0SYスペクトル分析により、 化合物 12は卜 ベンジルイミダゾールの 3 ' 、 4, 位に 2つのフエノール性水酸基が導入され た物質であることが決定された。 これは HMBCスペクトルにおいて、 H- 7' (δ 6.4 7)から C - Γ (δ 45.0), C一 3, (6 143.4)へ、 Η- 6, ( δ 6.57)から C_4, (δ 145.2 ), C-2' (δ 124.6)へ観測された遠隔スピン結合によっても確認された。 以上の 結果より、 化合物 12は 3' , 4' -ジヒドロキシ- 1-ベンジルイミダゾール [3' ,4 ' -di ydroxy-l-benzyl imidazole] と同定した。 これは新規の化合物であった。 A crude extract (140 mg) obtained by performing a conversion experiment of 1-benzyl imidazole with E. coli (pBS2072B) according to Example 5 was subjected to TLC, and a product having an Rf value of 0.3 was obtained. It turned out that it generated. This product was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain a pure compound 12 (67.7 mg). Molecular formula of Compound 1 2, HR-EIMS [Found 190.07483, calcd 190.07421] was determined from the C IQ H 1D N 2 0 2 . According to HMQC and DQF C0SY spectrum analysis of compound 12, compound 12 has two phenolic hydroxyl groups introduced at the 3 ', 4, and 3 positions of tribenzylimidazole. Substance was determined. In the HMBC spectrum, this is from H-7 '(δ 6.47) to C-Γ (δ 45.0), C-13, (6 143.4), Η-6, (δ 6.57) to C_4, (δ 145.2), It was also confirmed by the remote spin coupling observed to C-2 '(δ 124.6). From the above results, Compound 12 was identified as 3 ', 4'-dihydroxy-1-benzylimidazole [3', 4'-diydroxy-l-benzyl imidazole]. This was a new compound.
5Five
Figure imgf000053_0001
Figure imgf000053_0001
12 その麗 Rのデ一夕を下表に示す。  12 The table below shows the details of Rei R.
(表 7)  (Table 7)
3' , 4, -ジヒドロキシ -1-ベンジルイミダゾール(化合物 12)の 400MHz Ή腿、 及 び 100 MHz 13C 丽 Rスぺクトルデータ (丽 S0-dfi中)。 3 ', 4, -Dihydroxy-1-benzylimidazole (Compound 12) 400 MHz thigh and 100 MHz 13 C R spectral data (in S0-d fi ).
Position δ„ 5C Position δ „5 C
2 7.65 (br s) 137.4  2 7.65 (br s) 137.4
4 6。 85 (br s) 128。 1  4 6. 85 (br s) 128. 1
5 7.11 (br s) 119.7  5 7.11 (br s) 119.7
Γ 5.05 (s) 45.0  Γ 5.05 (s) 45.0
V 124.6  V 124.6
V 143.2  V 143.2
4, 145.2  4, 145.2
5' 6.72 (d 7.3) 115.1  5 '6.72 (d 7.3) 115.1
6, 6.57 (dd 7.3, 7.3) 119.0  6, 6.57 (dd 7.3, 7.3) 119.0
V 6.47 (d 7.5) 119.5  V 6.47 (d 7.5) 119.5
[実施例 5— 1 3] 2 -べンジルピリジンの変換産物の同定 [Example 5-1-3] Identification of 2-benzylpyridine conversion product
実施例 5にしたがって大腸菌 (pBS2072B) により 2-ベンジルピリジン (2- benz ylpyridine) の変換実験を行って得られた粗抽出物 (109 mg) を TLCに供したと ころ、 Rf値 0.4の産物が生成していることが判明した。 本産物をシリカゲルクロ マトグラフィ一により精製し、 化合物 13 (20.0 mg) の純品を得た。 化合物 13の 分子式は、 HR-EIMS [実測値 201.07636, 計算値 201.07896 ]より C12HnN02と決 定された。 化合物 13の丽 QC及び DQF COSYスペクトル分析により、 化合物 1 3は 2- ベンジルピリジンの 3' , 4' 位に 2つのフエノール性水酸基が導入された物質で あることが決定された。 これは丽 BCスペクトルにおいて、 Η-Γ (<5 4.00)から C - V ( δ 143.4), C - 4, ( δ 120.9), C - 3, (<5 126.6)へ、 Η- 6, ( δ 6.54)から C - 1 ' ( δ 145.6)へ観測された遠隔スピン結合によっても確認された。 以上の結果よ り、 化合物 13は 3_ (2-ピリジルメチル)ベンゼン- 1, 2-ジオール [3 -(2- pyridylmet hyl)benzene-l, 2-diol] と同定した。 これは新規の化合物であった。 According to Example 5, a crude extract (109 mg) obtained by performing a conversion experiment of 2-benzylpyridine with Escherichia coli (pBS2072B) was subjected to TLC, and a product having an Rf value of 0.4 was obtained. It turned out that it generated. This product was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain a pure compound 13 (20.0 mg). Compound 13 Molecular formula, HR-EIMS [Found 201.07636, calcd 201.07896] C 12 is H n N0 2 and determine from. The 丽 QC and DQF COSY spectral analyzes of Compound 13 determined that Compound 13 was a substance in which two phenolic hydroxyl groups were introduced at the 3 ′ and 4 ′ positions of 2-benzylpyridine. This means that in the 丽 BC spectrum, Η-Γ (<5 4.00) to C-V (δ 143.4), C-4, (δ 120.9), C-3, (<5 126.6), Η-6, (δ 6.54) was also confirmed by the remote spin coupling observed from C-1 '(δ145.6). Based on the above results, Compound 13 was identified as 3_ (2-pyridylmethyl) benzene-1,2-diol [3- (2-pyridylmethyl) benzene-l, 2-diol]. This was a new compound.
5  Five
Figure imgf000054_0001
Figure imgf000054_0001
.3 その NMRのデータを下表に示す。 .3 The NMR data is shown in the table below.
(表 8)  (Table 8)
3- (2-ピリジルメチル)ベンゼン- 1, 2-ジオール(化合物 13)の 400 腿 ζ Ή賺、 及 び 100 MHz 13C NMRスぺクトルデータ(MS0- d6中)。 3- (2-pyridylmethyl) benzene - 1, 2-diol (Compound 13) in 400 thigh zeta E賺,及Beauty 100 MHz 13 C NMR scan Bae Kutorudeta (MS0- d of 6).
Position δΗ 5C Position δ Η 5 C
2 160.8  2 160.8
3 7.22 (d 7.6)  3 7.22 (d 7.6)
4 7.70 (ddd 1.6, 7.6, 7.6) 137.0  4 7.70 (ddd 1.6, 7.6, 7.6) 137.0
5 7.21 (dd 4.8, 7.6) 121.4  5 7.21 (dd 4.8, 7.6) 121.4
6 8.45 (dd 1.6, 4.8) 148.4  6 8.45 (dd 1.6, 4.8) 148.4
r 4.00 (s) 38.6  r 4.00 (s) 38.6
2' 126.6  2 '126.6
3' 143.4  3 '143.4
4, 145.6  4, 145.6
5, 6.54 (d 5.2) 118.9  5, 6.54 (d 5.2) 118.9
6, 6.64 (d 5.2, 5.2) 113.9  6, 6.64 (d 5.2, 5.2) 113.9
V 6.54 (d 5.2) 120.9 [実施例 5— 14] 1-ベンジルピペリドンの変換産物の同定 V 6.54 (d 5.2) 120.9 [Example 5-14] Identification of conversion product of 1-benzylpiperidone
実施例 5にしたがって大腸菌 (PBS2072B) により 1-ベンジルピペリ ドン (1 - be nzylpiperidone) の変換実験を行って得られた粗抽出物 (104 mg) を TLCに供し たところ、 Rf値 0.2の産物が生成していることが判明した。 本産物をシリカゲル クロマトグラフィーにより精製し、 化合物 14 (22.5 mg) の純品を得た。 化合物 1 4の分子式は、 HR-EIMS [実測値 221.1055, 計算値 221.1053]より C12HI5N03と決 定された。 化合物 14の HMQC及び DQF COSYスペクトル分析により、 化合物 14は 1-ベ ンジルピペリドンの 3' , 4, 位に 2つのフエノール性水酸基が導入された物質で あることが決定された。 これは HMBCスぺクトルにおいて、 H-7' (δ 6.47)から C- 1' (5 60.3), C-3' (δ 144.2)へ、 Η - 6, ( δ 6.65)から C— 4, (δ 144.7), C-2' (δ 120.8)へ観測された遠隔スピン結合によっても確認された。 以上の結果より 、 化合物 14は 1-[ (2, 3-ジヒドロキシフエニル)メチル]ピぺリジン- 4 -オン [1-[(2 , 3-di ydroxyphenyl) methyl] piperidin-4-one] と同定した。 これは新規の化合 物であった。 A crude extract (104 mg) obtained by performing a conversion experiment of 1-benzylpiperidone (1-benzylpiperidone) with E. coli (PBS2072B) according to Example 5 was subjected to TLC, and a product having an Rf value of 0.2 was produced. Turned out to be. This product was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain a pure compound 14 (22.5 mg). Molecular formula of Compound 1 4, HR-EIMS [Found 221.1055, calcd 221.1053] is a C 12 H I5 N0 3 than decisions. HMQC and DQF COSY spectral analysis of Compound 14 determined that Compound 14 was a substance in which two phenolic hydroxyl groups were introduced at the 3 ′, 4, and 1 positions of 1-benzylpiperidone. In the HMBC spectrum, this is from H-7 '(δ 6.47) to C-1' (5 60.3), C-3 '(δ 144.2), Η-6, (δ 6.65) to C—4, ( δ 144.7) and remote spin coupling observed to C-2 '(δ 120.8). From the above results, compound 14 was 1-[(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) methyl] piperidin-4-one [1-[(2,3-diydroxyphenyl) methyl] piperidin-4-one] Identified. This was a new compound.
Figure imgf000055_0001
Figure imgf000055_0001
14 その NMRのデータを下表に示す。  14 The NMR data are shown in the table below.
(表 9)  (Table 9)
1-[(2, 3 -ジヒドロキシフエニル)メチル]ピペリ -4 -オン(化合物 14)の 400 MHz Ή N腿、 及び 100 MHz 13C NMRスぺクトルデータ(CDCL中) 400 MHz for 1-[(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) methyl] piperid-4-one (compound 14) Ή N thigh and 100 MHz 13 C NMR spectrum data (in CDCL)
Figure imgf000056_0001
Figure imgf000056_0001
[実施例 5— 1 5] trans-カルコンの変換産物の同定 [Example 5—15] Identification of trans-chalcone conversion product
実施例 5にしたがって大腸菌 (pBS2072B) によりトランスカルコン [(trans-) chalcone] の変換実験を行って得られた粗抽出物 (187 mg) を TLCに供したとこ ろ、 M値 0.7及び Rf値 0.2の 2つの産物が生成していることが判明した。 本産物を シリカゲルク口マトグラフィ一により精製し、 化合物 15' (16.4 mg) 及び化合 物 15 (58.5 mg)の純品を得た。  A crude extract (187 mg) obtained by performing a transchalcone [(trans-) chalcone] conversion experiment using Escherichia coli (pBS2072B) according to Example 5 was subjected to TLC, and the M value was 0.7 and the Rf value was 0.2. It was found that two products were produced. This product was purified by silica gel gel chromatography to obtain a pure product of Compound 15 '(16.4 mg) and Compound 15 (58.5 mg).
化合物 15' は以前に報告された MSと NMRのスペクトルデータとの比較 [Weber, F. G.; Radegl ia, R. Subst ituent effects in carbon- 13 NMR spectra of dias tereomeric chalcone dihal ides. VIII. Investigations of - and β -halodi hydrochalcones and calculation of carbon- 13- chemical shifts of diastereo meric chalcone dihal ides and chalcon halohydrins. Journal fuer Prakt isch e Chemie (Leipzig) (1989), 331(2), 212-222]により、 1, 3-ジフエニルプロパ ン- 1 -オン (1, 3-diphenylpropan-l-one)であると同定した。  Compound 15 'was compared with previously reported MS and NMR spectral data [Weber, FG; Radeglia, R. Subst ituent effects in carbon-13 NMR spectra of dias tereomeric chalcone dihalides. VIII. Investigations of-and β-halodi hydrochalcones and calculation of carbon- 13- chemical shifts of diastereo meric chalcone dihalides and chalcon halohydrins.Journal fuer Prakt isch e Chemie (Leipzig) (1989), 331 (2), 212-222]. -Diphenylpropan-1-one (1,3-diphenylpropan-l-one).
化合物 15の分子式は、 HR-EIMS [実測値 242.09436 , 計算値 242.09432]より C 15H1403と決定された。 化合物 15の丽 QC及び DQF COSYスペクトル分析により、 化合 物 15は(trans-)カルコンの の二重結合が還元され、 かつ Γ 、 V 位に 2つ のフエノール性水酸基が導入された物質であると決定された。 これは HMBCスぺク トルにおいて、 H-1 (δ 2.85)から C— 3 (δ 199.6), C- 3, (δ 128.0) , C- 2, (δ 14 3.1), C-4' ( δ 120.2)へ観測された遠隔スピン結合によっても確認された。 以 上の結果より、 化合物 15は 3_ (2, 3-ジヒドロキシフエニル) -卜フエニルプロパン - 1_オン [3- (2, 3- d ihydroxyphenyl) -卜 phenylpropan-卜 one] と同定した。 これは 新規の化合物であった。 Molecular formula of compound 15, HR-EIMS [Found 242.09436, calcd 242.09432] was determined to be from C 15 H 14 0 3. According to the 丽 QC and DQF COSY spectral analysis of compound 15, compound 15 is a substance in which the double bond of (trans-) chalcone has been reduced and two phenolic hydroxyl groups have been introduced at the Γ and V positions. It has been determined. In the HMBC spectrum, this is from H-1 (δ 2.85) to C-3 (δ 199.6), C-3, (δ 128.0), C-2, (δ 143.1), C-4 '(δ 120.2) was also confirmed by the remote spin coupling observed. Less than From the above results, Compound 15 was identified as 3_ (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -triphenylpropane-1_one [3- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -triphenylpropanone]. This was a new compound.
Figure imgf000057_0001
その NMRのデータを下表に示す。
Figure imgf000057_0001
The NMR data is shown in the table below.
(表 1 0 )  (Table 10)
3- (2, 3 -ジヒドロキシフエニル) -卜フエニルプロパン _1_オン(化合物 15)の 400 MH z 賺、 及び 100 MHz I3C NMRスぺク卜ルデータ (DMS0- 中)。 3- (2, 3 - dihydroxy phenylalanine) - 400 MH z賺, and 100 MHz I3 C NMR Supekuboku Rudeta (DMS0- middle) of Bok phenylalanine propane _1_ one (Compound 15).
Pos i t ion <5 H δ c Pos it ion <5 H δ c
1 2. 85 (t 7. 3) 24. 8  1 2.85 (t 7.3) 24.8
2 3. 25 (t 7. 3) 38. 2  2 3.25 (t 7.3) 38.2
3 199. 6  3 199.6
4 136. 6  4 136.6
5, 9 7. 96 (d 8. 6) 127. 8  5, 9 7.96 (d 8. 6) 127. 8
6, 8 7 50 (dd 7 6, 8. 6) 128. 7  6, 8 7 50 (dd 7 6, 8. 6) 128. 7
7 7. 6 1 (dd 7. 6, 7. 6) 133. 0  7 7. 6 1 (dd 7. 6, 7. 6) 133.0
Γ 144. 9  Γ 144. 9
V 143. 1  V 143.1
V 128. 0  V 128. 0
4, 6. 57 (d 7. 5) 120. 2  4, 6.57 (d 7.5) 120.2
5 ' 6. 52 (dd 7. 5, 7. 5) 1 18. 7  5'6.52 (dd 7.5,7.5) 1 18.7
6, 6. 63 (d 7. 5) 1 13. 3  6, 6.63 (d 7.5) 1 13.3
[実施例 5— 1 6 ] 3 -フエ二ルインダノンの変換産物の同定 [Example 5-1 6] Identification of conversion product of 3-phenylenedinanone
実施例 5にしたがって大腸菌 (PBS2072B) により 3フエニルインダノン (3_ph enyl indanone) の変換実験を行って得られた粗抽出物 (148mg) を TLCに供したと ころ、 Rf値 0. 3の産物が生成していることが判明した。 本産物をシリカゲルクロ マトグラフィ一により精製し、 化合物 16 (70. 3 mg) の純品を得た。 化合物 16の 分子式は、 HR- EIMS [ 実測値 240. 07865, 計算値 240. 07863]より C15H1203と決定 された。 化合物 8の HMQC及び DQF COSYスペクトル分析により、 化合物 16は 3-フエ ニルインダノンの Γ 、 V 位に 2つのフエノール性水酸基が導入された物質であ ることが決定された。 これは HMBCスペクトルにおいて、 H- 3(δ 4.80), H-4' ( δ 6.34)から C一 2, ( δ 143· 2)へ、 Η- 5, ( δ 6.52)から C - Γ ( δ 145.2)、 C— 3, ( δ 1 30.1)へ観測された遠隔スピン結合によっても確認された。 以上の結果より、 化 合物 16は 3- (2, 3-ジヒドロキシフエニル)インダン-卜オン [3- (2, 3-di ydroxyp e nyl) indan-1-one] と同定した。 これは新規の化合物であった。 A crude extract (148 mg) obtained by performing a conversion experiment of 3 phenyl indanone using Escherichia coli (PBS2072B) according to Example 5 was subjected to TLC, and the product having an Rf value of 0.3 was obtained. Was found to be generated. The product was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain a pure compound 16 (70.3 mg). Molecular formula of Compound 16, HR- EIMS [Found 240.07865, calcd 240.07863] and C 15 H 12 0 3 from determining Was done. HMQC and DQF COSY spectral analysis of Compound 8 determined that Compound 16 was a substance in which two phenolic hydroxyl groups were introduced at the Γ and V positions of 3-phenylindanone. This is because, in the HMBC spectrum, H-3 (δ 4.80), H-4 '(δ 6.34) to C-12, (δ 143 · 2), Η-5, (δ 6.52) to C-Γ (δ 145.2 ), C-3, (δ1 30.1). From the above results, Compound 16 was identified as 3- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) indanthone [3- (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) indan-1-one]. This was a new compound.
Figure imgf000058_0001
その NMRのデータを下表に示す。
Figure imgf000058_0001
The NMR data is shown in the table below.
(表 1 1)  (Table 11)
3- (2, 3-ジヒドロキシフエニル)インダン-卜オン(化合物 16)の 400MHz ]H腿、 及 び 100 MHz 13C NMRスぺクトルデータ (DMSO- dfi中)。 3- (2, 3-dihydroxy-phenylalanine) indan - Bok on 400 MHz] H thigh (Compound 16),及Beauty 100 MHz 13 C NMR scan Bae Kutorudeta (DMSO-in d fi).
Posit ion δΗ δ c Posit ion δ Η δ c
1 205.8  1 205.8
2 2.60 (dd 3.4, 18.9) 44.3  2 2.60 (dd 3.4, 18.9) 44.3
3.09 (dd 8.2, 18.9)  3.09 (dd 8.2, 18.9)
3 4.80 (dd 3.4, 8.2) 39.5  3 4.80 (dd 3.4, 8.2) 39.5
3a 158.2  3a 158.2
4 7.28 (dd 0.8, 7.6) 126.5  4 7.28 (dd 0.8, 7.6) 126.5
5 7.60 (dd 7.6, 7.6) 134.8  5 7.60 (dd 7.6, 7.6) 134.8
6 7.41 (ddd 0.8, 7.6, 7.6) 127.4  6 7.41 (ddd 0.8, 7.6, 7.6) 127.4
7 7.65 (d 7.6) 122.6  7 7.65 (d 7.6) 122.6
7a 136.3  7a 136.3
Γ 145.2  Γ 145.2
V 143.2  V 143.2
3, 130.1  3, 130.1
4, 6.34 (dd 1.9, 7.7) 118.7  4, 6.34 (dd 1.9, 7.7) 118.7
5, 6.52 (dd 7.5, 7.7) 118.9  5, 6.52 (dd 7.5, 7.7) 118.9
6' 6.66 (dd 1.9, 7.5) 113.8 [実施例 5— 1 7] 2' -ヒドロキシ -2-フエ二ルペンゾキサゾールの変換産物の 同定 6 '6.66 (dd 1.9, 7.5) 113.8 [Example 5-1 7] Identification of conversion product of 2'-hydroxy-2-phenylpentoxazole
実施例 5にしたがって大腸菌 (PBS2072B) により 2' -ヒドロキシ -2-フエニル ベンゾォキサゾール (2' - ydroxy-2-phenylbenzoxazole) の変換実験を行って 得られた粗抽出物 (185 mg) を TLCに供したところ、 Ri値 0.25の産物が生成して いることが判明した。 本産物をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィーにより精製し、 ィ匕 合物 17 (19.5 mg) の純品を得た。 化合物 17の分子式は、 HR- EIMS [実測値 243.0 5311, 計算値 243.05317]より C13H9N04と決定された。 化合物 17の HMQC及び DQF CO SYスぺクトル分析により、 化合物 17は 2' -ヒドロキシ -2 -フエ二ルペンゾォキサ ゾ一ルの 4, 5位に 2つのフエノール性水酸基が導入された物質であることが推定 された。 これは HMBCスペクトルにおいて、 H-6 (δ 6.88)から C_4(0 135.8· ), C -7a (δ 143.2)へ、 Η-7 ( <5 7.06)から C一 3a ( δ 129.2), C- 5(δ 142.2)へ観測され た遠隔スピン結合によっても確認された。 以上の結果より、 化合物 17は 2- (2 -ヒ ドロキシフエニル)ベンゾォキサゾ—ル- 4, 5-ジオール (2- (2- ydroxyp enyl) benz oxazole-4, 5-diol) と同定した。 これは新規の化合物であった。 A crude extract (185 mg) obtained by performing a conversion experiment of 2'-hydroxy-2-phenylbenzoxazole (2'-hydroxy-2-phenylbenzoxazole) with E. coli (PBS2072B) according to Example 5 was subjected to TLC. As a result, it was found that a product having a Ri value of 0.25 was produced. The product was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain a pure product of the compound 17 (19.5 mg). Molecular formula of Compound 17, HR- EIMS [Found 243.0 5311, calcd 243.05317] was determined from the C 13 H 9 N0 4. According to HMQC and DQF COSY spectrum analysis of compound 17, compound 17 may be a substance in which two phenolic hydroxyl groups have been introduced at positions 4 and 5 of 2'-hydroxy-2-phenylbenzoxazole. It was estimated. This is because, in the HMBC spectrum, from H-6 (δ 6.88) to C_4 (0 135.8 ·) and C -7a (δ 143.2), from Η-7 (<5 7.06) to C-1a (δ 129.2), C-5 It was also confirmed by the remote spin coupling observed to (δ 142.2). Based on the above results, Compound 17 was identified as 2- (2-hydroxyphenyl) benzoxazole-4,5-diol (2- (2-hydroxyphenyl) benzoxazole-4,5-diol). This was a new compound.
Figure imgf000059_0001
その NMRのデータを下表に示す。
Figure imgf000059_0001
The NMR data is shown in the table below.
(表 1 2)  (Table 1 2)
2-(2 -ヒドロキシフエニル)ベンゾォキサゾ―ル -4, 5-ジオール(化合物 17)の 400 M Hz ]H職、 及び 100 MHz 13C N皿スぺクトルデータ (DMSO- d6中)。 2- (2 - hydroxyphenyl) Benzookisazo - le -4, 5-diol 400 M Hz] H positions (Compound 17), and 100 MHz 13 CN Sarasupe Kutorudeta (DMSO-d of 6).
Position δ δ Position δ δ
Figure imgf000060_0001
Figure imgf000060_0001
[実施例 6] 抗酸化活性評価試験 [Example 6] Antioxidant activity evaluation test
6 - 1 . ラット脳脂質過酸化抑制系 (脳ホモ)  6-1. Rat brain lipid peroxidation inhibitory system (brain homozygous)
アツセィは基本的に K uboらの方法に準拠して行った (Kubo, K., Yos itake, Y. , Kumad , K. , Shu to K. , Nakamizo, Ν. Radical scavenging act ion of f lun arizine in rat brain in vitro. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 272, 283-29 5, 1984) lOOmMリン酸緩衝液 (pH7.4) 0.6ml中に、 被検試料のメタノール溶液 0.05mK ImMァスコルビン酸 0. lml (終濃度 IOO M) 、 及び H20 0.05mlを添加し , 37°Cで 5分間のプレインキュベーションを行った後 2. 5% (W/Y) ラット脳ホ モジネートを 0.2ml添加することで反応を開始させ 37°Cで 1時間、 振盪しながら インキュベートを行った。 20% (w/v) トリクロ口酢酸、 0.5% (w/v) 2_チォバ ルビツール酸、 及び 0.2N塩酸を含む混合液 lmlを上記反応液に添加することで反 応を停止した。 これを 100°Cで 30分間煮沸処理して発色させ、 冷却後、 3000rpm 5分間遠心分離した。 遠心分離上清の 532nmでの吸光度 (A532) を測定した。 被検 試料添加群の A532が、 被検試料無添加群の A532と比べ半分低下するのに必要な被検 試料濃度を IC5flとして算出し、 これをラッ卜脳脂質過酸化抑制作用とした。 ポジ ティブコントロールとしたカテキンの IC5Qは 5.4 g/mlであった。 Atsushi was performed basically according to the method of Kubo et al. (Kubo, K., Yos itake, Y., Kumad, K., Shu to K., Nakamizo, Ν. Radical scavenging act ion of f lun arizine In rat brain in vitro. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 272, 283-29 5, 1984) Methanol solution of test sample in 0.6 ml of lOOmM phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) 0.05mK ImM ascorbic acid 0 . lml (final concentration IOO M), and was added H 2 0 0.05 ml, after pre-incubation for 5 minutes at 37 ° C 2. 5% of (W / Y) rat Noho Mojineto added 0.2ml Then, the reaction was started and incubated at 37 ° C for 1 hour with shaking. The reaction was stopped by adding 1 ml of a mixed solution containing 20% (w / v) trichloroacetic acid, 0.5% (w / v) 2_thiovalbituric acid, and 0.2N hydrochloric acid to the above reaction solution. This was boiled at 100 ° C for 30 minutes to develop color, and after cooling, centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 5 minutes. The absorbance at 532 nm ( A532 ) of the centrifuged supernatant was measured. A 532 of the test specimen group, a test sample concentration required to decrease half compared to A 532 of the test sample non-addition group was calculated as IC 5fl, this and the rack Bokuno lipid peroxidation inhibitory effect did. The catechin used as a positive control had an IC5Q of 5.4 g / ml.
6 - 2. DPPHラジカル消去系 (D P P H)  6-2. DPPH radical scavenging system (D P P H)
アツセィは基本的 Kuboらの方法に準拠して行った(Kubo, K., Yoshitake, Y., Kumada, K. , Shu to K. , Nakamizo, Ν. Radical scavenging action of f lunariz ine in rat brain in vi t ro. Arch. Int. P armacodyn. Ther. 272, 283-295, 1 984)。 IOO Mの DPPHのエタノール溶液に各種濃度の薬物を添加し、 室温で 30分ィ ンキュペートした後、 反応液の 517mnにおける吸光度 (A517) を測定した。 被検試 料添加群の A517が、 被検試料無添加群の A517と比べ半分低下するのに必要な被検試 料濃度を IC5。として算出し、 これを DPPHラジカル消去作用とした。 ポジティブコ ントロールとしたカテキンの IC5Qは 26 g/mlであった。 Atsushi was performed in accordance with the basic method of Kubo et al. (Kubo, K., Yoshitake, Y., Kumada, K., Shu to K., Nakamizo, Radi. Radical scavenging action of flunariz ine in rat brain in vitro. Arch. Int. P armacodyn. Ther. 272, 283-295, 1 984). Various concentrations of the drug were added to an ethanol solution of DPOM in IOOM, and the mixture was incubated at room temperature for 30 minutes, and then the absorbance at 517 mn (A517) of the reaction solution was measured. A 517 of Hiken試fuel addition group, IC 5 to Hiken試charge concentration required to decrease half compared to A 517 of the test sample non-addition group. This was defined as the DPPH radical scavenging action. The catechin used as a positive control had an IC5Q of 26 g / ml.
両評価系試験の結果を以下に示す。  The results of both evaluation system tests are shown below.
(表 1 3 )  (Table 13)
Bio Combi Chem アツセィ結果 IG50 Bio Combi Chem Atsushi result IG50
Figure imgf000061_0001
この結果から明らかなように、 本発明により作製した芳香環ジオールはすべて 優位な抗酸化活性を有していた。
Figure imgf000061_0001
As is clear from these results, all the aromatic ring diols prepared according to the present invention had superior antioxidant activity.
[実施例 7 ] 芳香族第一級ァミンへの B0C保護基の導入  [Example 7] Introduction of B0C protecting group to aromatic primary amine
芳香族第一級ァミンのァミノ基への B0C保護基 (-C00C (CH3) 3) の導入は、 常法 、 たとえば、 以下のような方法により行うことができる。 芳香族第一級ァミン 50 0 mgを 50%のジォキサン 4 mlに溶解し、 これに 2N NaOHを 1. 5当量、 (t- BOC) 20 (d i -tert-butyl dicarbonate)を 1.5当量加え、 室温で 6時間反応させた。 反応終了後 、 水 50 mlを加え、 これを酢酸ェチル 50 mlで 2回抽出した。 酢酸ェチル層はその 後、 0.1N HC1 50 mlで 1回洗浄したのち、 濃縮した。 これをシリカゲルカラム ( 直径 1 cm X 長さ 15 cm) で精製することによりァミノ基の B0C (丄- B0C) 保護物 を得た。 Introduction of the B0C protecting group (-C00C (CH 3 ) 3 ) to the amino group of the aromatic primary amine can be carried out by a conventional method, for example, the following method. 500 mg of aromatic primary amine was dissolved in 4 ml of 50% dioxane, and 1.5 equivalents of 2N NaOH was added thereto, and (t-BOC) 20 (di- -tert-butyl dicarbonate) was added and reacted at room temperature for 6 hours. After completion of the reaction, 50 ml of water was added, and this was extracted twice with 50 ml of ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer was then washed once with 50 ml of 0.1N HCl and concentrated. This was purified by a silica gel column (diameter 1 cm x length 15 cm) to obtain a protected B0C (丄 -B0C) amino group.
以下にここで用いた芳香族第一級ァミンと、 得られる B0C誘導体についてのそ れぞれのシリカゲルカラムでの展開溶媒、 及び、 収率を示す。 試薬は Sigmaから 購入した。  The developing solvents and yields of the aromatic primary amine used here and the obtained B0C derivative in the respective silica gel columns are shown below. Reagents were purchased from Sigma.
1) ァニリン (aniline)  1) aniline
シリカゲルカラムは、 へキサン: CH2C12=10: 1で展開 ·溶出した。 収率は 85%であ つた。 The silica gel column was developed and eluted with hexane: CH 2 C 12 = 10: 1. The yield was 85%.
2 ) ベンジリレアミン (benzyl amine)  2) Benzylamine
シリカゲルカラムは、 へキサン: Et0Ac=50:lで展開 ·溶出した。 収率は 78%であ つた。 The silica gel column was developed and eluted with hexane: Et0Ac = 50: l. The yield was 78%.
3) 1-フエニルェチルァミン (1-phenylethylamine; α-メチルベンジルアミン )  3) 1-phenylethylamine (α-methylbenzylamine)
シリカゲルカラムは、 へキサン: C C12=2:1で展開 ·溶出した。 収率は 75%であ つた。 Silica gel column, hexanes: C C1 2 = 2: developed, eluting with 1. The yield was 75%.
[実施例 8 ] B0C誘導体存在下での大腸菌 (PBS2072B)の培養及び変換産物の精製 •同定  [Example 8] Culture of Escherichia coli (PBS2072B) in the presence of a B0C derivative and purification of the converted product • Identification
大腸菌 (PBS2072B) と、 実施例 7で作製した B0C誘導体の混合培養液 700 ml〜 A mixed culture of E. coli (PBS2072B) and the B0C derivative prepared in Example 7
1400 mlに等量のメタノールを添加し、 室温で 2時間撹拌した。 これを 7,000 rpmAn equal volume of methanol was added to 1400 ml, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. This is 7,000 rpm
, 10 min遠心分離し、 上清を回収した。 上清は減圧下 300 ml〜500 mlまで濃縮しAfter centrifugation for 10 min, the supernatant was recovered. The supernatant is concentrated under reduced pressure to 300-500 ml.
、 等量の酢酸ェチルで 2回抽出した。 酢酸ェチル層を減圧下濃縮し 生成物含有 エキスを得た。 エキスをシリカゲル [0.25 nm Silica Gel 60, (Merck)]を用いた 薄層クロマトグラフィー(TLC)にかけ、 変換産物の確認を行った後、 シリカゲル カラム [20 X 250 腿, Silica Gel 60 (Merck) ]を用いたカラムクロマトグラフ ィ一に供し、 純品を得た。 Extracted twice with an equal volume of ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a product-containing extract. The extract was subjected to thin layer chromatography (TLC) using silica gel [0.25 nm Silica Gel 60, (Merck)] to confirm the conversion product, and then a silica gel column [20 X 250 thigh, Silica Gel 60 (Merck)] The product was subjected to column chromatography using, to obtain a pure product.
各基質における TLCの展開溶媒は以下の通りである。 丄- BOC-ァニリン, へキサン— EtOAc (5:1); i- B0C-ベンジルァミン, CH2Cl2_MeO H (10:1); 丄- BOC -卜フエニルェチルァミン, CH2C12— EtOAc (3:1)。 The developing solvents for TLC for each substrate are as follows. 丄- BOC-Anirin, hexane - EtOAc (5: 1); i- B0C- Benjiruamin, CH 2 Cl 2 _MeO H ( 10: 1);丄- BOC - Bok phenylalanine E chill § Min, CH 2 C1 2 —EtOAc (3: 1).
また、 各基質におけるカラムクロマトダラフィフィ一の展開溶媒は以下の通り である。  The developing solvents for column chromatography in each substrate are as follows.
丄- B0C-ァニリン, へキサン一EtOAc (4:1); 丄- BOC-ベンジルァミン, CH2C12— MeO H (20:1); 上- BOC-卜フエニルェチルァミン, C¾Cl2〜CH2Cl2/EtOAc (5:1) (stepw ise)。 丄- B0C- Anirin hexane one EtOAc to, (4: 1);丄- BOC-Benjiruamin, CH 2 C1 2 - MeO H (20: 1); on - BOC-Bok phenylalanine E chill § Min, C¾Cl 2 ~ CH 2 Cl 2 / EtOAc (5: 1) (stepwise).
8— 1. BOC-ァニリンの変換産物の同定  8— 1. Identification of BOC-aniline conversion products
大腸菌 (PBS2072B) により B0C-ァニリン (i-BOC- ani 1 ine) の変換実験を行つ た粗抽出物 (132.5 mg) を TLCに供したところ、 Rf値 0.2の産物が生成している ことが判明した。 本産物をシリカゲルクロマ卜グラフィ一により精製し、 化合物 18 (64.2 mg) の純品を得た。 化合物 18の分子式は、 HR- EIMS [実測値 225.1002 , 計算値 225.1002]より CuH15N04と決定された。 化合物 18の HMQC及び DQF C0SYス ベクトルにおいて H-4 (<56.68) -H-5 (56.66)— H - 6 ( <56.33)の vicinal s ^ sp in networkが観測されたことにより、 化合物 18を丄 _B0C- anilineの 1, 2位に 2つ のフエノール性水酸基が導入された N- (2, 3-ジヒドロキシフエニル) (tert-ブ卜キ シ)カルポキサマイド (N- (2, 3-dihydroxyphenyl) (ter t-butoxy) caroboxamide) と同定した。 A crude extract (132.5 mg) obtained by performing a conversion experiment of B0C-aniline (i-BOC-aniline) with Escherichia coli (PBS2072B) was subjected to TLC and found to have a product with an Rf value of 0.2. found. This product was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain a pure compound 18 (64.2 mg). Molecular formula of Compound 18, HR- EIMS [Found 225.1002, calcd 225.1002] was determined as C u H 15 N0 4 from. Compound 18 was identified by the vicinal s ^ sp in network of H-4 (<56.68) -H-5 (56.66) —H-6 (<56.33) in the HMQC and DQF C0SY vector of compound 18. N- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) (tert-butoxy) carpoxamide (N- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)) with two phenolic hydroxyl groups introduced at the 1 and 2 positions of _B0C-aniline ter t-butoxy) caroboxamide).
Figure imgf000063_0001
Figure imgf000063_0001
二れは新規の化合物であった。 その匪 Rのデ一夕を下表に示す Both were new compounds. The table below shows the night of the bandit R
(表 14) N- (2, 3-ジヒドロキシフエニル) (tert-ブトキシ)カルポキサマイド (18)の 400MHz ]H腿、 及び 100 MHz 13C 匪 Rスぺクトルデータ(CDC13中)。 (Table 14) N-(2, 3- dihydroxy-phenylalanine) (tert-butoxy) Karupokisamaido (18) 400 MHz of] H thigh, and 100 MHz 13 C negation R scan Bae Kutorudeta (CDC1 3).
Position  Position
1 147.6  1 147.6
2 135.2  2 135.2
3 125.1  3 125.1
4 6.68 (dd 1.9, 7.7) 111.2  4 6.68 (dd 1.9, 7.7) 111.2
5 6.66 (dd 7.0, 7.7) 120.8  5 6.66 (dd 7.0, 7.7) 120.8
6 6.33 (dd 1.9, 7.0) 112.6  6 6.33 (dd 1.9, 7.0) 112.6
1, 155.6  1, 155.6
3, 82.8  3, 82.8
4' 1.46 (s) 28.2  4 '1.46 (s) 28.2
5, 1.46 (s) 28.2  5, 1.46 (s) 28.2
6, 1.46 (s) 28.2  6, 1.46 (s) 28.2
化合物 18は、 トリフルォロ酢酸 0.2 ml、 ジクロロメタン 1.8 mlを含む溶媒中で 、 室温で 3時間、 撹拌した後、 エバポレー夕にかけることにより、 B0C基が外れ たフリーのアミノ基を有する芳香族ジオール (下図) に変換された。  Compound 18 was stirred in a solvent containing 0.2 ml of trifluoroacetic acid and 1.8 ml of dichloromethane at room temperature for 3 hours, and then subjected to evaporating to obtain an aromatic diol having a free amino group from which the B0C group was removed (see the figure below). ).
Figure imgf000064_0001
Figure imgf000064_0001
8— 2. B0C-ベンジルァミンの変換産物の同定 8— 2. Identification of conversion products of B0C-benzylamine
大腸菌 (PBS2072B) により B0C-ベンジルァミン α-BOC-benzyl mine) の変換 実験を行った粗抽出物 (131.0 nig) を TLCに供したところ、 Ri値 0.2の産物が生成 していることが判明した。 本産物をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィーにより精製し 、 化合物 19 (43.0 mg) の純品を得た。 化合物 19の分子式は、 HR-EIMS [found 23 9.1155 , cald. 239.1158]より C12H17N04と決定された。 化合物 19の HMQC及び DQF COSYスペクトルにおいて H - 5 (δ6.81) - Η - 6 ((56.67) - Η-7 ( δ 6.52)の vicina 1 SP spin networkが観測されたことにより、 化合物 19を tBOC-ベンジルァミン の 3, 4位に 2つのフエノール性水酸基が導入された N - [ (2, 3 -ジヒドロキシフエ二 ル)メチル] (tert-ブトキシ)カルポキサマイド (N- [ (2, 3-dihydoxyphenyl) me thyl ] (tert-butoxy) carboxamide) と同疋した。 A crude extract (131.0 nig), which had been subjected to a conversion experiment of B0C-benzylamine α-BOC-benzyl mine) by E. coli (PBS2072B), was subjected to TLC, and it was found that a product with a Ri value of 0.2 was formed. The product was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain a pure compound 19 (43.0 mg). Molecular formula of Compound 19, HR-EIMS [found 23 9.1155 , cald. 239.1158] was determined from the C 12 H 17 N0 4. The vicina 1 SP spin network of H-5 (δ6.81)-Η-6 ((56.67)-Η-7 (δ6.52)) was observed in the HMQC and DQF COSY spectra of Compound 19, and Compound 19 was converted to tBOC. -Benzylamine N-[(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) methyl] (tert-butoxy) carpoxamide (N-[(2,3-dihydoxyphenyl) me thyl]) with two phenolic hydroxyl groups introduced at the 3- and 4-positions (tert-butoxy) carboxamide).
Figure imgf000065_0001
これは新規の化合物であった。 その匪 Rのデ一夕を下表に示す。
Figure imgf000065_0001
This was a new compound. The table below shows the night of the bandit R.
(表 1 5 )  (Table 15)
N - [ (2, 3-ジヒドロキシフエニル)メチル] (tert-ブトキシ)カルボキサマイド (19) の 400 MHz ]H NMR、 及び 100丽 z 13C NMRスぺクトルデータ(CDC13中)。 N - [(2, 3- dihydroxy-phenylalanine) methyl] (tert-butoxy) 400 MHz] H NMR carbonic differents id (19), and (in CDC1 3) 100丽z 13 C NMR scan Bae Kutorudeta.
Figure imgf000065_0002
Figure imgf000065_0002
化合物 19は、 トリフルォロ酢酸 0. 2 ml、 ジクロロメタン 1. 8 mlを含む溶媒中で 、 室温で 3時間、 撹拌した後、 エバポレー夕にかけることにより、 B0C基が外れ たフリーのアミノ基を有する芳香族ジオール (下図) に変換された。 Compound 19 was stirred in a solvent containing 0.2 ml of trifluoroacetic acid and 1.8 ml of dichloromethane at room temperature for 3 hours, and then subjected to evaporating to give a fragrance having a free amino group from which the B0C group had been removed. Diol (figure below).
Figure imgf000066_0001
Figure imgf000066_0001
8— 3. BOC-フエニルェチルァミンの変換産物の同定 8— 3. Identification of conversion products of BOC-phenylethylamine
大腸菌 (PBS2072B) により B0C-1-フエニルェチルァミン (t-BOC-1-phenylethy 1 amine) の変換実験を行った粗抽出物 (183. O mg) を TLCに供したところ、 Rf値 0 .4の産物が生成していることが判明した。 本産物をシリカゲルクロマ卜グラフィ 一により精製し、 化合物 20 (5.7 mg) の純品を得た。 化合物 20の分子式は、 HR- E IMS [found 253.1312 , cald. 253.1315]より C13H19N04と決定された。 化合物 20 の HMQC及び DQF COSYスペクトルにおいて H - 6 (56.79) - H-7 (56.75) - H-8 ( (56.66)の vicinal s ^ spin networkが観測されたことにより、 化合物 20を丄- B0C -フエニルェチルアミンの 4, 5位に 2つのフエノール性水酸基が導入された N- [ (2 , 3 -ジヒドロキシフエニル)エヂル] (tert-ブトキシ)カルボキサマイド (N-[(2, 3- dihydoxyphenyl) ethyl] (tert-butoxy) carboxamide) と同定した。 A crude extract (183.O mg) obtained by performing a conversion experiment of B0C-1-phenylethylamine (t-BOC-1-phenylethy 1 amine) with E. coli (PBS2072B) was subjected to TLC. It was found that a product of 0.4 was formed. This product was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain a pure compound 20 (5.7 mg). Molecular formula of compound 20, HR- E IMS [found 253.1312, cald. 253.1315] was determined from the C 13 H 19 N0 4. The vicinal s ^ spin network of H-6 (56.79)-H-7 (56.75)-H-8 ((56.66)) was observed in the HMQC and DQF COSY spectra of Compound 20, indicating that Compound 20 was 丄-B0C- N-[(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) idyl] (tert-butoxy) carboxamide (N-[(2,3) with two phenolic hydroxyl groups introduced at the 4- and 5-positions of phenylethylamine -dihydoxyphenyl) ethyl] (tert-butoxy) carboxamide).
Figure imgf000066_0002
Figure imgf000066_0002
20 これは新規の化合物であった。 その NMRのデータを下表に示す。  20 This was a new compound. The NMR data is shown in the table below.
(表 1 6) N- [ (2, 3-ジヒドロキシフエニル)ェチル] (tert-ブトキシ)カルポキサマイド (20) の 400 MHz ]H NMR、 及び 100 MHz 13C NMRスぺクトルデ一夕 (CDC13中)。 (Table 16) N- [(2, 3- dihydroxy-phenylalanine) Echiru] (tert-butoxy) Karupokisamaido (20) 400 MHz of] H NMR, and 100 MHz 13 C NMR scan Bae Kutorude Isseki (CDC1 3).
Pos i t ion <5 H 5 C Pos it ion <5 H 5 C
1 1. 49 (d 6. 9) 19. 4  1 1.49 (d 6.9) 19.4
2 4. 92 (da 6. 9, 8. 0) 43. 6  2 4.92 (da 6.9, 8.0) 43.6
3 129. 7  3 129.7
4 142. 0  4 142. 0
5 146. 5  5 146.5
6 6. 79 (dd 1. 3, 6. 9) 113. 8  6 6.79 (dd 1.3, 6.9) 113.8
7 6. 75 (dd 6. 9, 7. 7) 120. 7  7 6.75 (dd 6. 9, 7. 7) 120. 7
8 6. 66 (dd 1. 3, 7. 7) 116. 1  8 6.66 (dd 1.3, 7.7) 116. 1
1, 157. 9  1, 157.9
3' 81. 4  3 '81. 4
4, 1. 37 (s) 28. 3  4, 1.37 (s) 28.3
5, 1. 37 (s) 28. 3  5, 1.37 (s) 28.3
6, 1. 37 (s) 28. 3 化合物 20は、 トリフルォロ酢酸 0. 2 ml、 ジクロロメタン 1. 8 nilを含む溶媒中で 、 室温で 3時間、 撹拌した後、 エバボレー夕にかけることにより、 B0C基が外れ たフリーのアミノ基を有する芳香族ジオール (下図) に変換された。 この化合物 は 3- ( 1 -アミノエチル) ベンゼン- 1, 2-ジオールであり、 新規の化合物である。  6, 1.37 (s) 28.3 Compound 20 was stirred in a solvent containing 0.2 ml of trifluoroacetic acid and 1.8 nil of dichloromethane at room temperature for 3 hours, and then subjected to evaporating. It was converted to an aromatic diol having a free amino group (shown below). This compound is 3- (1-aminoethyl) benzene-1,2-diol, a novel compound.
Figure imgf000067_0001
Figure imgf000067_0001
[実施例 9 ] 芳香族カルボン酸化合物のメチルエステル体の調製 [Example 9] Preparation of methyl ester of aromatic carboxylic acid compound
芳香族カルボン酸化合物のカルボン酸のメチルエステル化は常法、 たとえば、 以下のような方法により行うことができる。 芳香族カルボン酸 500 mgを 5 mlの 5% Methyl esterification of the carboxylic acid of the aromatic carboxylic acid compound can be performed by a conventional method, for example, by the following method. 500 mg of aromatic carboxylic acid in 5 ml of 5%
HCl-MeOH (塩酸メタノール) 溶液に溶解し、 室温で 6時間反応させた。 その後 減圧下で HC卜 MeOH溶液を留去し、 残った反応物をシリカゲルカラム (直径 1 cm x 長さ 15 cm) で精製することにより、 カルボン酸のメチルエステルを得た。 今回用いたケィヒ酸 (trans-cinnamic acid) のメチルエステル化物のシリカ ゲルカラムでの展開溶媒は hexane:CH2Cl2=3:l、 収率は 92%であった。 試薬は A1 drichから購入した。 . It was dissolved in a HCl-MeOH (methanol hydrochloride) solution and reacted at room temperature for 6 hours. Thereafter, the HC1 MeOH solution was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the remaining reaction product was subjected to silica gel column (diameter 1 cm). x 15 cm) to give the carboxylic acid methyl ester. The developing solvent of the methyl ester of keichic acid (trans-cinnamic acid) used in the silica gel column was hexane: CH 2 Cl 2 = 3: 1, and the yield was 92%. Reagents were purchased from A1 drich. .
[実施例 10] ケィヒ酸メチルエステル変換物の同定  [Example 10] Identification of keichic acid methyl ester conversion product
大腸菌(PBS2072B)を用いてケィヒ酸メチルエステル(trans-cinnamic acid met hyl ester)の変換実験を行った粗抽出物 (130 mg) を TLC (CH2Cl2:MeOH=40: 1) \z 供したところ、 Ri値 0.3の産物が生成していることが判明した。 本産物をシリカ ゲルクロマトグラフィー (CH2Cl2:MeOH=40:l) により精製し、 化合物 24 (86.0 m g) の純品を得た。 化合物 24の分子式は、 HR-EIMS [found 194.0581, calcd. 194 .0579]により、 C1()H1Q04と決定された。 化合物 24の DQF COSYスペクトルにおいて 、 H - 2 (δ 6.55) - Η-3 (δ 7.90)及び Η - 7 (δ 6.83) - Η-8 (<5 6.65) — Η— 9 (δ 7.05)の vicinal ^カップリングが観測されることから、 化合物 24をケィヒ 酸メチルエステルの 5, 6位に 2つのフエノール性水酸基が導入された (1) - 3- ( 2 , 3-ジヒドロキシ—フエニル) -ァクリリックアシッドメチルエステル ( (E) -3- (2, 3-dihydroxy-phenyl) -acrylic acid methyl ester) と同定した。 本 化合物は文献記載のある化合物であるが (Nam, N. -H.; You, Y. -J.; Kim, Y. , Η ong, D. -Η.; Kim, H. -M.; Aim. B. Z. , Syntheses of Certain 3-Aryl-2-propen oates and Evaluation of their Cytotoxicity, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemi stry, 11 (9), 1173-1176, 2001) 、 微生物変換による製造は初めての報告であ る。 A crude extract (130 mg) of a trans-cinnamic acid methyl ester conversion experiment using Escherichia coli (PBS2072B) was subjected to TLC (CH 2 Cl 2 : MeOH = 40: 1) \ z As a result, it was found that a product having a Ri value of 0.3 was produced. This product was purified by silica gel chromatography (CH 2 Cl 2 : MeOH = 40: l) to obtain a pure compound 24 (86.0 mg). Molecular formula of compound 24, HR-EIMS [found 194.0581, calcd. 194 .0579] by, was determined to be C 1 () H 1Q 0 4 . In the DQF COSY spectrum of compound 24, the vicinal of H-2 (δ 6.55)-Η-3 (δ 7.90) and Η-7 (δ 6.83)-Η-8 (<5 6.65) — Η-9 (δ 7.05) ^ Coupling was observed, indicating that compound 24 had two phenolic hydroxyl groups introduced at the 5 and 6 positions of the methyl citrate ester. (1) -3- (2,3-dihydroxy-phenyl) -acryl Lic acid methyl ester ((E) -3- (2,3-dihydroxy-phenyl) -acrylic acid methyl ester). This compound is a compound described in the literature (Nam, N. -H .; You, Y. -J .; Kim, Y., Ηong, D. -Η .; Kim, H. -M .; Aim. BZ, Syntheses of Certain 3-Aryl-2-propene oates and Evaluation of their Cytotoxicity, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 11 (9), 1173-1176, 2001), production by microbial conversion is the first report. .
Figure imgf000069_0001
Figure imgf000069_0001
参考のため、 ケィヒ酸メチルエステルの NMRデータを下記に記す。 For reference, NMR data of Keific acid methyl ester are shown below.
(表 1 7 )  (Table 17)
ケィヒ酸メチルエステルの 400 MHz 'Η NMR、 及び 100腿 z 13C 丽 Rスぺクトルデ' 夕(CDC 13中)。 400 MHz 'Η NMR, and 100 thighs z 13 C丽R scan Bae Kutorude' of Keihi acid methyl ester evening (in CDC 1 3).
Figure imgf000069_0002
Figure imgf000069_0002
この芳香族カルボン酸メチルエステル体 24は、 塩酸-炭酸カリウム水溶液 (80 : 20) で 6時間撹拌処理することにより、 下図の遊離の芳香族カルボン酸に戻す ことができる。 この芳香族カルボン酸は、 反応液に 5倍量位の水を加え塩酸で pH3 - 4にした後、 酢酸ェチルで分液することにより容易に回収することができる。 This methyl ester of aromatic carboxylic acid 24 can be returned to the free aromatic carboxylic acid shown in the figure below by stirring for 6 hours with hydrochloric acid-aqueous potassium carbonate solution (80:20). The aromatic carboxylic acid can be easily recovered by adding about 5 times the volume of water to the reaction solution, adjusting the pH to 3-4 with hydrochloric acid, and separating the mixture with ethyl acetate.
Figure imgf000070_0001
Figure imgf000070_0001
25 本明細書で引用した全ての刊行物、 特許及び特許出願をそのまま参考として本 明細書中にとり入れるものとする。 産業上の利用の可能性 25 All publications, patents, and patent applications cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. Industrial potential
フエ二ル基を含む化合物と、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジォ ールデサチユラ一ゼとを反応させることにより、 又は.. フエ二ル基を含む化合物 と、 芳香環ジォキシゲナ一ゼ遗伝子及び芳香環ジヒド口ジオールデサチユラーゼ 遺伝子を同時に発現する微生物とを共存培養することにより、 フエ二ル基を含む 化合物のフエニル基内の隣合った位置に 2つの水酸基を導入した化合物を容易に 得ることができる。  By reacting a compound containing a phenyl group with an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase, or .. A compound containing a phenyl group, an aromatic ring dioxygenase gene and an aromatic ring dialdehyde By co-culturing with a microorganism that simultaneously expresses the oral diol desaturylase gene, it is possible to easily obtain a compound having two hydroxyl groups introduced at adjacent positions in the phenyl group of a compound containing a phenyl group. .

Claims

下記式 (1)、 (Π)又は(I I I) :
Figure imgf000071_0001
The following formula (1), (Π) or (III):
Figure imgf000071_0001
(I) (Π) (m)  (I) (Π) (m)
 Contract
(式中、 HIは置換基を有していてもよい複素環式基であり、 A1は単結合又は置換 基を有していてもよい炭素数 1〜4のアのルキレン基若しくはアルケニレン基であ り、 P2は置換基を有していてもよいフエニル基であり、 A2は置換基を有していて もよい炭素数 2〜4のアルキレン基若しくはアル 0ケニレン基であり、 C1はへテロ 原子置換環式炭化水素基である。 ただし、 C 1における環式炭化水素基はフエニル 基を含まない。 )  (Wherein HI is a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent, and A1 is a single bond or an alkylene or alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. P2 is a phenyl group which may have a substituent, A2 is an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkenylene group which may have a substituent, and C1 is a hetero group. It is an atom-substituted cyclic hydrocarbon group, provided that the cyclic hydrocarbon group for C 1 does not include a phenyl group.)
で表されるフエ二ル基を含む芳香族化合物と、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳香 環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一ゼとを反応させて、 芳香族ジオール化合物 ( I ' )、 (11, )又は(Ι Ι Γ ) : Reacting an aromatic compound containing a phenyl group represented by the following formulas with an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase to obtain an aromatic diol compound (I ′), (11 ′) or (Ι Ι Γ):
Figure imgf000071_0002
Figure imgf000071_0002
(式中、 Hl、 Al、 Ρ2、 Α2及び C Iは前記定義のとおりである。 ) (In the formula, Hl, Al, Ρ2, Α2, and CI are as defined above.)
を得ることを含む芳香族ジオールの製造方法。 A method for producing an aromatic diol comprising obtaining
2 . 芳香環ジォキシゲナ一ゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一ゼがビフ ェニル分解細菌由来のもの、 又は、 それらを分子進化工学的手法により改変した ものである請求の範囲第 1項記載の製造方法。  2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the aromatic ring dioxygenase and the aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase are derived from biphenyl-degrading bacteria, or are modified by molecular evolution engineering techniques. Method.
3 . 芳香環ジォキシゲナ一ゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一ゼをコ一 ドする遺伝子を導入した組換え微生物を、 下記式 (1)、 (I I)又は(I I I) :
Figure imgf000072_0001
3. A recombinant microorganism into which a gene encoding an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase has been introduced is transformed with the following formula (1), (II) or (III):
Figure imgf000072_0001
(I) (Π) (HI)  (I) (Π) (HI)
(式中、 HIは置換基を有していてもよい複素環式基であり、 A1は単結合又は置換 基を有していてもよい炭素数 1〜4のアルキレン基若しくはアルケニレン基であ り、 P2は置換基を有していてもよいフエニル基であり、 A2は置換基を有していて もよい炭素数 2〜4のアルキレン基若しくはアルケニレン基であり、 C1はへテロ 原子置換環式炭化水素基である。 ただし、 C 1における環式炭化水素基はフエニル 基を含まない。 ) (Wherein, HI is a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent, and A1 is a single bond or an alkylene group or an alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. P2 is a phenyl group which may have a substituent, A2 is an alkylene group or an alkenylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and C1 is a heteroatom-substituted cyclic group. It is a hydrocarbon group, provided that the cyclic hydrocarbon group for C 1 does not include a phenyl group.)
で表されるフエ二ル基を含む芳香族化合物を含む培地で培養して、 培養物又は菌 体から、 芳香族ジオール化合物 ( Γ )、 (1 1, )又は(Ι Ι Γ ) : Cultivated in a medium containing an aromatic compound containing a phenyl group represented by the following formula. From the culture or the cells, the aromatic diol compound (Γ), (11,) or (Ι Ι Γ):
Figure imgf000072_0002
Figure imgf000072_0002
(式中、 HK Al、 P2、 A2及び C Iは前記定義のとおりである。 ) (In the formula, HKAl, P2, A2, and CI are as defined above.)
を得ることを含む芳香族ジオールの製造方法。 A method for producing an aromatic diol comprising obtaining
4 . 組換え微生物が、 ビフエニル分解細菌由来の芳香環ジォキシゲナ一ゼ及び芳 香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一ゼ、 又は、 それらを分子進化工学的手法によ り改変したものをコードする遺伝子を導入したものである請求の範囲第 3項記載 の製造方法。  4. The recombinant microorganism introduces a gene encoding an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase derived from biphenyl-degrading bacteria, or those obtained by modifying them by molecular evolution engineering techniques. 4. The production method according to claim 3, wherein the production method is performed.
5 . 組換え微生物が組換え大腸菌である請求の範囲第 3項記載の製造方法。  5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the recombinant microorganism is a recombinant Escherichia coli.
6 . 下記式(IV) : 6. The following formula (IV):
P3-A1-H2 (IV) P3-A1-H2 (IV)
(式中、 A1は単結合又は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数 1〜4のアルキレン基 若しくはアルケニレン基であり、 P3は置換基を有するフエニル基であり、 H2は非 置換複素環芳香族基である。 ) (In the formula, A1 is a single bond or an alkylene group or an alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, P3 is a phenyl group having a substituent, and H2 is It is a substituted heterocyclic aromatic group. )
で表される複素環芳香族基を含む芳香族化合物と、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び 芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一ゼとを反応させ、 複素環芳香族基 H2内の隣 合った位置に 2つの水酸基が導入された芳香族化合物を得ることを含む複素環芳 香族ジオールの製造方法。 Reacting an aromatic compound containing a heterocyclic aromatic group represented by with an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase, to form two hydroxyl groups at adjacent positions in the heterocyclic aromatic group H2. A method for producing a heterocyclic aromatic diol, comprising obtaining an aromatic compound into which is introduced.
7 . 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラーゼがビフ ェニル分解細菌由来のもの、 又は、 それらを分子進化工学的手法により改変した ものである請求の範囲第 6項記載の製造方法。  7. The production method according to claim 6, wherein the aromatic ring dioxygenase and the aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase are derived from a biphenyl-degrading bacterium, or modified by a molecular evolution engineering technique.
8 . 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一ゼをコ一 ドする遺伝子を導入した組換え微生物を、 下記式(IV) :  8. A recombinant microorganism into which a gene encoding an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase has been introduced is transformed into the following formula (IV):
P3-A1-H2 (IV)  P3-A1-H2 (IV)
(式中、 A1は単結合又は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数 1〜4のアルキレン基 若しくはアルケニレン基であり、 P3は置換基を有するフエニル基であり、 H2は非 置換複素環芳香族基である。 )  (In the formula, A1 is a single bond or an alkylene group or an alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, P3 is a phenyl group having a substituent, and H2 is an unsubstituted heterocyclic aromatic group. Group.)
で表される複素環芳香族基を含む芳香族化合物を含む培地で培養して、 培養物又 は菌体から、 複素環芳香族基 H2内の隣合った位置に 2つの水酸基が導入された芳 香族化合物を得ることを含む複素環芳香族ジオールの製造方法。 Cultured in a medium containing an aromatic compound containing a heterocyclic aromatic group represented by the formula, two hydroxyl groups were introduced from the culture or cells into adjacent positions in the heterocyclic aromatic group H2 A method for producing a heterocyclic aromatic diol, comprising obtaining an aromatic compound.
9 . 組換え微生物が、 ピフエ二ル分解細菌由来の芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳 香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラーゼ、 又は、 それらを分子進化工学的手法によ り改変したものをコードする遗伝子を導入したものである請求の範豳第 8項記載 の製造方法。 .  9. Recombinant microorganism introduces gene encoding aromatic ring dioxygenase and aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase derived from pifenil-degrading bacteria, or those modified by molecular evolutionary engineering 9. The production method according to claim 8, wherein the production method is performed. .
1 0 . 組換え微生物が組換え大腸菌である請求の範囲第 8項記載の製造方法。 10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the recombinant microorganism is a recombinant Escherichia coli.
1 1 . 式 (1)、 (I I)又は(Ι Π)で表されるフエ二ル基を含む芳香族化合物が、 フ ラボン、 フラバノン、 6-ヒドロキシフラボン、 6 -ヒドロキシフラバノン、 7 -ヒド ロキシイソフラボン、 2_フエ二ルビリジン、 2-フエニルインド一ル、 2-フエニル ベンゾキサゾール、 2—フエ二ルペンゾチアゾール、 2-フエ二ルキノリン、 4 -フ ェニルモルホリン、 1 -べンジルイミダゾール、 2-ベンジルピリジン、 1 -べンジル ピペリドン、 (トランス -)カルコン及び 3 -フエニルインダノンからなる群より選 択されるものである請求の範囲第 1項記載の製造方法。 11. The aromatic compound containing a phenyl group represented by the formula (1), (II) or (Ι Π) is selected from the group consisting of flavone, flavanone, 6-hydroxyflavone, 6-hydroxyflavanone and 7-hydroxyl. Isoflavone, 2-phenylpyridine, 2-phenylindole, 2-phenylbenzoxazole, 2-phenylbenzothiazole, 2-phenylquinoline, 4-phenylmorpholine, 1-benzylimidazole, 2- 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is selected from the group consisting of benzylpyridine, 1-benzylpiperidone, (trans-) chalcone, and 3-phenylindanone.
1 2 . 式 (I) 、 (I I)又は(Π Ι)で表されるフエ二ル基を含む芳香族化合物が、 フ ラボン、 フラバノン、 6 -ヒドロキシフラボン、 6 -ヒドロキシフラバノン、 7 -ヒド ロキシイソフラボン、 2-フエニルピリジン、 2-フエニルインドール、 2-フエニル ベンゾキサゾ一ル、 2—フエニルベンゾチアゾ一ル、 2-フエ二ルキノリン、 4 -フ ェニルモルホリン、 1-ベンジルイミダゾール、 2_ベンジルピリジン、 1-ベンジル ピペリドン、 (トランス-)カルコン及び 3 -フエニルインダノンからなる群より選 択されるものである請求の範囲第 3項記載の製造方法。 12. The aromatic compound containing a phenyl group represented by the formula (I), (II) or (Π 、) is selected from the group consisting of flavone, flavanone, 6-hydroxyflavone, 6-hydroxyflavanone and 7-hydroxyl. Isoflavones, 2-phenylpyridine, 2-phenylindole, 2-phenylbenzoxazole, 2-phenylbenzothiazole, 2-phenylquinoline, 4-phenylmorpholine, 1-benzylimidazole, 2_ 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the method is selected from the group consisting of benzylpyridine, 1-benzylpiperidone, (trans-) chalcone, and 3-phenylindanone.
1 3 . 式(IV)で表される複素環芳香族基を含む芳香族化合物が、 2 ' -ヒドロキシ - 2-フエ二ルペンゾキサゾールであり、 得られる複素環芳香族ジオールが 2- (2 -ヒ ドロキシフエニル)ベンゾキサゾール -4, 5 -ジオールである請求の範囲第 6項記載 の製造方法。  13. The aromatic compound containing a heterocyclic aromatic group represented by the formula (IV) is 2′-hydroxy-2-phenylpentoxazole, and the obtained heterocyclic aromatic diol is 2- ( 7. The production method according to claim 6, which is (2-hydroxyphenyl) benzoxazole-4,5-diol.
1 4 . 式(IV)で表される複素環芳香族基を含む芳香族化合物が、 2 ' -ヒドロキシ - 2-フエ二ルペンゾキサゾールであり、 得られる複素環芳香族ジオールが 2 -(2-ヒ ドロキシフエニル)ベンゾキサゾール -4, 5-ジオールである請求の範囲第 8項記載 の製造方法。  14. The aromatic compound containing a heterocyclic aromatic group represented by the formula (IV) is 2'-hydroxy-2-phenylpentoxazole, and the obtained heterocyclic aromatic diol is 2- ( 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the compound is (2-hydroxyphenyl) benzoxazole-4,5-diol.
1 5 . 請求の範囲第 1項記載の製造方法により得られる芳香族ジオールを含む抗 酸化剤。  15. An antioxidant containing an aromatic diol obtained by the production method according to claim 1.
1 6 . 請求の範囲第 3項記載の製造方法により得られる芳香族ジオールを含む抗 酸化剤。  16. An antioxidant containing an aromatic diol obtained by the production method according to claim 3.
1 7 . 請求の範囲第 6項記載の製造方法により得られる芳香族ジオールを含む抗 酸化剤。  17. An antioxidant containing an aromatic diol obtained by the production method according to claim 6.
1 8 . 請求の範囲第 8項記載の製造方法により得られる芳香族ジオールを含む抗 酸化剤。  18. An antioxidant containing an aromatic diol obtained by the production method according to claim 8.
1 9 . 2- (2, 3 -ジヒドロキシフエニル) -6-ヒドロキシクロマン - 4 -オン、 3- (2, 3 - ジヒドロキシフエ二ル)- 7-ヒドロキシクロメン- 4_オン、 3- (2-ピリジル)ベンゼ ン- 1, 2 -ジオール、 3 -(2 -キノリル)ベンゼン -1, 2-ジオール、 3 -(イミダゾリルメ チル)ベンゼン- 1, 2-ジオール、 3 -(2-ピリジルメチル)ベンゼン- 1, 2-ジオール、 1 19.2. 2- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -6-hydroxychroman-4-one, 3- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -7-hydroxychromen-4_one, 3- (2 -Pyridyl) benzene-1,2-diol, 3- (2-quinolyl) benzene-1,2-diol, 3- (imidazolylmethyl) benzene-1,2-diol, 3- (2-pyridylmethyl) Benzene-1,2-diol, 1
- [ (2, 3 -ジヒドロキシフエニル)メチル]ピペリジン- 4-オン、 3_ (2, 3-ジヒドロキ シフエ二ル)-卜フエニルプロパン- 1-オン、 3- (2, 3 -ジヒドロキシフエニル)イン ダン- 1-オン又は 2- (2-ヒドロキシフエニル)ベンゾォキサゾール- 4, 5-ジオール、 3 - U-アミノエチル) ベンゼン - 1, 2 -ジオール。 -[(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) methyl] piperidin-4-one, 3_ (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -tohenylpropan-1-one, 3- (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) ) Inn Dan-1-one or 2- (2-hydroxyphenyl) benzoxazole-4,5-diol, 3-U-aminoethyl) benzene-1,2-diol.
2 0 . 請求の範囲第 1 9項に記載のいずれかの化合物を含有する抗酸化剤。 20. An antioxidant containing any of the compounds according to claim 19.
2 1 . 下記式 (V) :
Figure imgf000075_0001
2 1. The following formula (V):
Figure imgf000075_0001
(式中、 A1は単結合又は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数 1〜4のアルキレン基 若しくはアルケニレン基である。 ) (In the formula, A1 is a single bond or an alkylene group or alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.)
で表される芳香族化合物のアミノ基を B0C保護基で保護した後、 芳香環ジォキシ ゲナ一ゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一ゼと反応させて、 芳香族ジォ ール化合物 (V) : After protecting the amino group of the aromatic compound represented by the formula (1) with a B0C protecting group, the aromatic compound is reacted with an aromatic dioxygenase and an aromatic dihydrodiol desaturase to form an aromatic diol compound (V). :
Figure imgf000075_0002
Figure imgf000075_0002
(式中、 B0Cは B0C保護基を表し、 A 1は前記定義のとおりである。 ) (In the formula, B0C represents a B0C protecting group, and A1 is as defined above.)
を得ることを含む芳香族ジオールの製造方法。 A method for producing an aromatic diol comprising obtaining
2 2 · 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一ゼがビ フエニル分解細菌由来のもの、 又は、 それらを分子進化工学的手法により改変し たものである請求の範囲第 2 1項記載の製造方法。  22.The method according to claim 21, wherein the aromatic ring dioxygenase and the aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase are derived from biphenyl-degrading bacteria, or modified by a molecular evolution engineering technique. Production method.
2 3 . 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一ゼをコ —ドする遺伝子を導入した組換え微生物を、 下記式 (V) :
Figure imgf000075_0003
(式中、 A1は単結合又は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数 1〜4のアルキレン基 若しくはアルケニレン基である。 )
23. Recombinant microorganism into which a gene encoding an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase was introduced was transformed into the following formula (V):
Figure imgf000075_0003
(In the formula, A1 is a single bond or an alkylene group or alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.)
で表される芳香族化合物のアミノ基を B0C保護基で保護した化合物を含む培地で 培養して、 培養物又は菌体から、 芳香族ジオール化合物 (V') : Aromatic diol compound (V ') is obtained by culturing in a medium containing a compound in which the amino group of the aromatic compound represented by the formula (1) is protected by a B0C protecting group.
Figure imgf000076_0001
Figure imgf000076_0001
(式中、 B0Cは B0C保護基を表し、 A1は前記定義のとおりである。 ) (In the formula, B0C represents a B0C protecting group, and A1 is as defined above.)
を得ることを含む芳香族ジオールの製造方法。 A method for producing an aromatic diol comprising obtaining
2 4 . 組換え微生物が、 ビフエ二ル分解細菌由来の芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び 芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一ゼ、 又は、 それらを分子進化工学的手法に より改変したものをコードする遺伝子を導入したものである請求の範囲第 2 3項 記載の製造方法。  24. A recombinant microorganism introduced a gene encoding an aromatic dioxygenase and an aromatic dihydrodiol desaturase derived from biphenyl-degrading bacteria, or those obtained by modifying them by molecular evolution engineering techniques 24. The production method according to claim 23, wherein
2 5 . 組換え微生物が組換え大腸菌である請求の範囲第 2 3項記載の製造方法。 2 6 . 式 ( V) で表される化合物が、 ァニリン、 ベンジルァミン、 1 -フエニルェ チルァミンである請求の範囲第 2 1項記載の製造方法。  25. The method according to claim 23, wherein the recombinant microorganism is recombinant Escherichia coli. 26. The production method according to claim 21, wherein the compound represented by the formula (V) is aniline, benzylamine, or 1-phenylethylamine.
2 7 . 式 ( V) で表される化合物が、 ァニリン、 ベンジルァミン、 1 -フエニルェ チルァミンである請求の範囲第 2 3項記載の製造方法。  27. The method according to claim 23, wherein the compound represented by the formula (V) is aniline, benzylamine, or 1-phenylethylamine.
2 8 . 下記式 (V I) :  2 8. The following formula (VI):
Figure imgf000076_0002
Figure imgf000076_0002
(式中、 A3は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数 1〜4のアルキレン基若しくはァ ルケ二レン基である。 ) (In the formula, A3 is an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkenylene group which may have a substituent.)
で表される芳香族化合物のカルボキシル基を炭素数 1〜 4のアルキル保護基 で 保護した後、 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ' ゼと反応させて、 芳香族ジオール化合物 (vr) : The carboxyl group of the aromatic compound represented by is an alkyl protecting group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. After protection, it is reacted with an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase to give an aromatic diol compound (vr):
Figure imgf000077_0001
Figure imgf000077_0001
(式中、 Rはアルキル保護基を表し、 A3は前記定義のとおりである。 ) (In the formula, R represents an alkyl protecting group, and A3 is as defined above.)
を得ることを含む芳香族ジオールの製造方法。 A method for producing an aromatic diol comprising obtaining
2 9 . 芳香環ジォキシゲナ一ゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラ一ゼがビ フエニル分解細菌由来のもの、 又は、 それらを分子進化工学的手法により改変し たものである請求の範囲第 2 8項記載の製造方法。  29. The claim of claim 28, wherein the aromatic ring dioxygenase and the aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase are derived from biphenyl-degrading bacteria, or modified by a molecular evolutionary engineering technique. The manufacturing method as described.
3 0 . 芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び芳香環ジヒドロジォ一ルデサチュラーゼをコ 一ドする遗伝子を導入した組換え微生物を、 下記式 ( V I) :  30. A recombinant microorganism into which a gene encoding an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase was introduced was transformed into the following formula (VI):
Figure imgf000077_0002
Figure imgf000077_0002
(式中、 A3は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数 1〜4のアルキレン基若しくはァ ルケ二レン基である。 ) (In the formula, A3 is an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent or an alkenylene group.)
で表される芳香族化合物のカルボキシル基を炭素数 1〜 4のアルキル保護基 で 保護した化合物を含む培地で培養して、 培養物又は菌体から、 芳香族ジオール化 合物 (VP) :
Figure imgf000078_0001
Is cultured in a medium containing a compound in which the carboxyl group of the aromatic compound represented by is protected by an alkyl protecting group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. From the culture or the cells, an aromatic diol compound (VP):
Figure imgf000078_0001
(式中、 Rはアルキル保護基を表し、 A3は前記定義のとおりである。 ) (In the formula, R represents an alkyl protecting group, and A3 is as defined above.)
を得ることを含む芳香族ジォ一ルの製造方法。 And a method for producing an aromatic polyol.
3 1 . 組換え微生物が、 ビフエニル分解細菌由来の芳香環ジォキシゲナーゼ及び 芳香環ジヒドロジオールデサチユラーゼ、 又は、 それらを分子進化工学的手法に より改変したものをコードする遺伝子を導入したものである請求の範囲第 3 0項 記載の製造方法。  31. Claims that the recombinant microorganism has introduced a gene encoding an aromatic ring dioxygenase and an aromatic ring dihydrodiol desaturase derived from biphenyl-degrading bacteria, or those obtained by modifying them by molecular evolution engineering techniques. Item 30. The production method according to Item 30.
3 2 . 組換え微生物が組換え大腸菌である請求の範囲第 3 0項記載の製造方法。  32. The method according to claim 30, wherein the recombinant microorganism is recombinant Escherichia coli.
3 3 . 式 (VI) で表される化合物が、 ケィヒ酸である請求の範囲第 2 8項記載 の製造方法。  33. The method according to claim 28, wherein the compound represented by the formula (VI) is keichic acid.
3 4 . 式 (V I) で表される化合物が、 ケィヒ酸である請求の範囲第 3 0項記載 の製造方法。  34. The method according to claim 30, wherein the compound represented by the formula (VI) is keichic acid.
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